COLEGIO DEL SAGRADO CORAZON DE JESUS

Member: St. Louise de Marillac Educational System of the Daughters of Charity

General Hughes Street, Iloilo City
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Information and Communication Technology should facilitate meaningful

learning in the classroom. Also, it should engage the thinking, decision – making,

problem solving and reasoning behaviors and students. In the study “Effective

use of ICT” conducted by Blackmore et al. (2003) states that using ICT in

learning offers advantages and opportunities to help students to solve problems

and increase students’ motivation and attention span.

It is also demonstrated by Kozma (2005) that ICT can help deepen

students’ knowledge, engage them in constructing their own knowledge and

support the development of complex thinking skills.

Students think that Internet is an important way to collaborate with other

students’ projects, more effectively. Internet provides ways of presenting material

that differs from how it is presented in class and it is also a resource that is

always available (Levin et al., 2002).

Based on the study of Davis (1993) entitled “Tools for learning”, there are

factors affecting students' motivation to work and to learn: interest in subject

matter, perception of its usefulness, general desire to achieve, self-confidence

 COLEGIO DEL SAGRADO CORAZON DE JESUS
Member: St. Louise de Marillac Educational System of the Daughters of Charity
General Hughes Street, Iloilo City
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

and self-esteem, as well as patience and persistence. With colorful and attractive

graphics, interesting and illustrative animations, appropriate sound effects, ICT

provides multi - sensory stimulations and real-world experiences. Using ICT in

learning process can gain the learners' attention, motivate students to spend

more time on learning activities with greater concentration, and engage them

through production work.

Moreover, ICT develops students’ new understanding of learning (Chai,

Koh and Tsai 2010). ICT provides more creative solutions to different types of

learning inquiries. For example, in a reading class, e-books are commonly used

in reading aloud activities. Learners can access all types of texts from beginning

to advanced levels with ease through computers or laptops.

TECHNOLOGY PROMOTES LEARNING

According to Jonassen, Howland, Marra, and Crismond (2008), if

technologies are used to promote meaningful learning, they should be used as

facilitators of thinking. The following roles have been suggested for technologies

in supporting meaningful learning:

1) Technology is a tool that supports knowledge construction for indicating

learners’ opinions, understandings, and beliefs and producing organized

knowledge bases by learners.

 COLEGIO DEL SAGRADO CORAZON DE JESUS
Member: St. Louise de Marillac Educational System of the Daughters of Charity
General Hughes Street, Iloilo City
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

2) Technology is an information vehicle for finding knowledge to support learning

by making for accessing the necessary information and comparing beliefs and

worldviews.

3) Technology is a real context to support learning by doing for showing and

arousing meaningful difficulties, situations, and contexts, revealing beliefs, views,

arguments, and defining a controllable problem space for students’ thinking.

4) Technology is a social means to support learning by talking for cooperating

with others, discussing, reasoning, and reaching an agreement among members

of a society, and supporting conversation among knowledge-based communities.

5) Technology is an intellectual partner to support learning by thinking for helping

learners to express and indicate what they know, thinking about what they have

learned and how they came to know it, supporting learners’ internal discussions

and meaning constructing, making personal representations of meaning, and

supporting creative thinking.

INTEGRATION OF TECHNOLOGY INTO THE CLASSROOM

According to Dockstader (2008), there are some important reasons for

integrating technology into the classes. They are as follows:

1) In the information age, there is an urgent need to learn technology.

 COLEGIO DEL SAGRADO CORAZON DE JESUS
Member: St. Louise de Marillac Educational System of the Daughters of Charity
General Hughes Street, Iloilo City
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

2) Learners are motivated through technology that ultimately enhances academic

engagement time.

3) Working in more depth with the content, learners can move beyond knowledge

and comprehension to application and analysis of information.

4) Learners learn where to find information in an information rich world.

5) Computer skills should not be taught in isolation.

6) Learners develop computer literacy through using different computer skills as

part of the learning process.

According to Billings and Mathison (2011), there are two reasons

that educational technologies assist in raising learners’ achievement. The first

reason is that they perform a very good job of engaging the learners in the

material. The second one is that they get learners excited to take part in the

educational tasks. One of the basic advantages of integrating technology into the

classes is that when they are applied suitably they can make learning more fun

for the learners. If the learners have a lot of enjoyable materials they will be

engaged in the lesson that will help them better understand the learning

materials. Furthermore, according to Oliver, Osa, and Walker (2012), technology

integration helps learners become capable information technology users,

 COLEGIO DEL SAGRADO CORAZON DE JESUS
Member: St. Louise de Marillac Educational System of the Daughters of Charity
General Hughes Street, Iloilo City
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

information seekers, analyzers, evaluators, problem solvers, decision makers,

creative users of technology tools, communicators, and collaborators.

Chapter 3
 COLEGIO DEL SAGRADO CORAZON DE JESUS
Member: St. Louise de Marillac Educational System of the Daughters of Charity
General Hughes Street, Iloilo City
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This quantitative research used non – experimental design. The

researchers used survey method only. The researchers provided questionnaires

to be answered by the respondents.

Respondents

The respondents of this study are the thirty (30) Grade 7 to 10 students of

Colegio del Sagrado Corazon de Jesus of School Year 2018 - 2019 who were

randomly selected and are willing to participate in the study.

Instruments

A survey questionnaire with a total of 20 items was used as the main

instrument in this study to analyze the satisfactory level of ICT Integration in

learning in Colegio del Sagrado Corazon de Jesus. A total of 30 questionnaire

were distributed where all respondents were asked to read the statements given

and choose their answers based on 5 – Likert Scale ranged from 5- Strongly

Agree, 4- Agree, 3- Undecided, 2- Disagree, and 1- Strongly Disagree. The

questionnaire used for this quantitative study was adopted from Ghavifekr &

Rosdy (2015) that is suitable for this research. Some of the items are developed
 COLEGIO DEL SAGRADO CORAZON DE JESUS
Member: St. Louise de Marillac Educational System of the Daughters of Charity
General Hughes Street, Iloilo City
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

by the researchers.

Data Collection Procedure

In conducting this study, the researcher composed a letter signed by the

Principal, and Subject Teachers, to allow the researcher to conduct the

researcher study and made a questionnaire to be answered by the selected

Grade 7 to 10 students of Colegio del Sagrado Corazon de Jesus. After they are

given the permission, the researchers conducted a survey by giving a

questionnaire to their respondents. After answering the questionnaire, the

researchers gather all the data from their respondents.