g

GE Industrial Systems

D60 Line Distance Relay

Instruction Manual
D60 Revision: 3.1x

Manual P/N: 1601-0089-C4 (GEK-106327A)

Copyright © 2002 GE Multilin

837766A1.CDR

GE Multilin
215 Anderson Avenue, Markham, Ontario
Canada L6E 1B3 EG
R

IS T E R E
Tel: (905) 294-6222 Fax: (905) 294-8512
Internet: http://www.GEindustrial.com/multilin Manufactured under an
ISO9000 Registered system.
g
GE Industrial Systems

ADDENDUM
This Addendum contains information that relates to the D60 relay, version 3.1x. This addendum lists a number of
information items that appear in the instruction manual GEK-106327A (revision C4) but are not included in the current
D60 operations.
The following functions/items are not yet available with the current version of the D60 relay:
• Signal Sources SRC 3 to SRC 6
• STUB BUS: The final Stub Bus protection is not implemented for this release. This feature can be implemented
using a Phase IOC function and the auxiliary contact from the line disconnect, incorporated into a simple Flex-
Logic™ equation.

The UCA2 specifications are not yet finalized. There will be changes to the object models described
in Appendix C: UCA/MMS PROTOCOL.
NOTE

GE Multilin
215 Anderson Avenue, Markham, Ontario
Canada L6E 1B3
Tel: (905) 294-6222 Fax: (905) 294-8512
Internet: http://www.GEindustrial.com/multilin
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. GETTING STARTED 1.1 IMPORTANT PROCEDURES

1.1.1 CAUTIONS AND WARNINGS ........................................................................... 1-1
1.1.2 INSPECTION CHECKLIST ................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 UR OVERVIEW
1.2.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE UR ........................................................................... 1-2
1.2.2 HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE ......................................................................... 1-3
1.2.3 SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE.......................................................................... 1-4
1.2.4 IMPORTANT CONCEPTS ................................................................................. 1-4
1.3 URPC® SOFTWARE
1.3.1 PC REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................ 1-5
1.3.2 INSTALLATION.................................................................................................. 1-5
1.3.3 CONNECTING URPC® WITH THE D60............................................................ 1-6
1.4 UR HARDWARE
1.4.1 MOUNTING AND WIRING................................................................................. 1-8
1.4.2 COMMUNICATIONS.......................................................................................... 1-8
1.4.3 FACEPLATE DISPLAY ...................................................................................... 1-8
1.5 USING THE RELAY
1.5.1 FACEPLATE KEYPAD....................................................................................... 1-9
1.5.2 MENU NAVIGATION ......................................................................................... 1-9
1.5.3 MENU HIERARCHY .......................................................................................... 1-9
1.5.4 RELAY ACTIVATION....................................................................................... 1-10
1.5.5 BATTERY TAB................................................................................................. 1-10
1.5.6 RELAY PASSWORDS ..................................................................................... 1-10
1.5.7 FLEXLOGIC™ CUSTOMIZATION................................................................... 1-10
1.5.8 COMMISSIONING ........................................................................................... 1-10

2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1 INTRODUCTION

2.1.1 OVERVIEW........................................................................................................ 2-1
2.1.2 ORDERING........................................................................................................ 2-4
2.2 SPECIFICATIONS
2.2.1 PROTECTION ELEMENTS ............................................................................... 2-6
2.2.2 USER PROGRAMMABLE ELEMENTS ........................................................... 2-10
2.2.3 MONITORING .................................................................................................. 2-11
2.2.4 METERING ...................................................................................................... 2-11
2.2.5 INPUTS ............................................................................................................ 2-11
2.2.6 POWER SUPPLY ............................................................................................ 2-12
2.2.7 OUTPUTS ........................................................................................................ 2-12
2.2.8 COMMUNICATIONS........................................................................................ 2-13
2.2.9 INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS ............................................................... 2-13
2.2.10 ENVIRONMENTAL .......................................................................................... 2-13
2.2.11 TYPE TESTS ................................................................................................... 2-14
2.2.12 PRODUCTION TESTS .................................................................................... 2-14
2.2.13 APPROVALS ................................................................................................... 2-14
2.2.14 MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................... 2-14

3. HARDWARE 3.1 DESCRIPTION

3.1.1 PANEL CUTOUT ............................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.2 MODULE WITHDRAWAL / INSERTION............................................................ 3-4
3.1.3 REAR TERMINAL LAYOUT............................................................................... 3-5
3.2 WIRING
3.2.1 TYPICAL WIRING DIAGRAM ............................................................................ 3-6
3.2.2 DIELECTRIC STRENGTH ................................................................................. 3-7
3.2.3 CONTROL POWER ........................................................................................... 3-8
3.2.4 CT/VT MODULES .............................................................................................. 3-9
3.2.5 CONTACT INPUTS/OUTPUTS ....................................................................... 3-10
3.2.6 TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS ................................................................ 3-16
3.2.7 RS232 FACEPLATE PROGRAM PORT.......................................................... 3-17
3.2.8 CPU COMMUNICATION PORTS .................................................................... 3-17

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3.2.9 IRIG-B ...............................................................................................................3-19

3.3 DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS
3.3.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................3-20
3.3.2 FIBER: LED & ELED TRANSMITTERS............................................................3-22
3.3.3 FIBER-LASER TRANSMITTERS .....................................................................3-22
3.3.4 G.703 INTERFACE...........................................................................................3-23
3.3.5 RS422 INTERFACE .........................................................................................3-26
3.3.6 RS422 & FIBER INTERFACE ..........................................................................3-29
3.3.7 G.703 & FIBER INTERFACE............................................................................3-29

4. HUMAN INTERFACES 4.1 URPC® SOFTWARE INTERFACE

4.1.1 GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE.......................................................................4-1
4.1.2 CREATING A SITE LIST ....................................................................................4-1
4.1.3 URPC® SOFTWARE OVERVIEW......................................................................4-1
4.1.4 URPC® SOFTWARE MAIN WINDOW ...............................................................4-3
4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE
4.2.1 FACEPLATE .......................................................................................................4-4
4.2.2 LED INDICATORS..............................................................................................4-5
4.2.3 CUSTOM LABELING OF LEDS .........................................................................4-7
4.2.4 CUSTOMIZING THE DISPLAY MODULE ..........................................................4-7
4.2.5 DISPLAY.............................................................................................................4-8
4.2.6 KEYPAD .............................................................................................................4-8
4.2.7 BREAKER CONTROL ........................................................................................4-9
4.2.8 MENUS .............................................................................................................4-10
4.2.9 CHANGING SETTINGS ...................................................................................4-11

5. SETTINGS 5.1 OVERVIEW

5.1.1 SETTINGS MAIN MENU ....................................................................................5-1
5.1.2 INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTS ......................................................................5-3
5.1.3 INTRODUCTION TO AC SOURCES..................................................................5-4
5.2 PRODUCT SETUP
5.2.1 PASSWORD SECURITY....................................................................................5-7
5.2.2 DISPLAY PROPERTIES ....................................................................................5-8
5.2.3 COMMUNICATIONS ..........................................................................................5-9
5.2.4 MODBUS USER MAP ......................................................................................5-16
5.2.5 REAL TIME CLOCK .........................................................................................5-17
5.2.6 FAULT REPORT ..............................................................................................5-17
5.2.7 OSCILLOGRAPHY ...........................................................................................5-18
5.2.8 DATA LOGGER ................................................................................................5-20
5.2.9 USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS .....................................................................5-21
5.2.10 USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS....................................................5-22
5.2.11 FLEX STATE PARAMETERS ..........................................................................5-24
5.2.12 USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS ........................................................................5-24
5.2.13 DIRECT I/O.......................................................................................................5-26
5.2.14 INSTALLATION ................................................................................................5-30
5.3 SYSTEM SETUP
5.3.1 AC INPUTS.......................................................................................................5-31
5.3.2 POWER SYSTEM ............................................................................................5-32
5.3.3 SIGNAL SOURCES ..........................................................................................5-33
5.3.4 LINE ..................................................................................................................5-35
5.3.5 BREAKERS ......................................................................................................5-36
5.3.6 FLEXCURVES™ .............................................................................................5-39
5.4 FLEXLOGIC™
5.4.1 INTRODUCTION TO FLEXLOGIC™................................................................5-46
5.4.2 FLEXLOGIC™ RULES .....................................................................................5-55
5.4.3 FLEXLOGIC™ EVALUATION ..........................................................................5-55
5.4.4 FLEXLOGIC™ PROCEDURE EXAMPLE ........................................................5-55
5.4.5 FLEXLOGIC™ EQUATION EDITOR................................................................5-60
5.4.6 FLEXLOGIC™ TIMERS ...................................................................................5-60

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5.4.7 FLEXELEMENTS™ ......................................................................................... 5-61

5.4.8 NON-VOLATILE LATCHES ............................................................................. 5-65
5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS
5.5.1 OVERVIEW...................................................................................................... 5-66
5.5.2 SETTING GROUP ........................................................................................... 5-66
5.5.3 LINE PICKUP................................................................................................... 5-67
5.5.4 DISTANCE ....................................................................................................... 5-69
5.5.5 POWER SWING DETECT ............................................................................... 5-83
5.5.6 LOAD ENCROACHMENT................................................................................ 5-88
5.5.7 CURRENT ELEMENTS ................................................................................... 5-90
5.5.8 INVERSE TOC CURVE CHARACTERISTICS ................................................ 5-91
5.5.9 PHASE CURRENT .......................................................................................... 5-96
5.5.10 NEUTRAL CURRENT.................................................................................... 5-102
5.5.11 GROUND CURRENT..................................................................................... 5-109
5.5.12 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT ............................................................. 5-111
5.5.13 BREAKER FAILURE ...................................................................................... 5-116
5.5.14 VOLTAGE ELEMENTS .................................................................................. 5-125
5.5.15 PHASE VOLTAGE ......................................................................................... 5-126
5.5.16 NEUTRAL VOLTAGE .................................................................................... 5-128
5.5.17 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE VOLTAGE .............................................................. 5-129
5.5.18 AUXILIARY VOLTAGE .................................................................................. 5-130
5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS
5.6.1 OVERVIEW.................................................................................................... 5-132
5.6.2 SETTING GROUPS ....................................................................................... 5-132
5.6.3 TRIP OUTPUT ............................................................................................... 5-133
5.6.4 SYNCHROCHECK......................................................................................... 5-136
5.6.5 AUTORECLOSE ............................................................................................ 5-140
5.6.6 DIGITAL ELEMENTS..................................................................................... 5-151
5.6.7 DIGITAL COUNTERS .................................................................................... 5-154
5.6.8 MONITORING ELEMENTS ........................................................................... 5-156
5.6.9 PILOT SCHEMES .......................................................................................... 5-161
5.7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS
5.7.1 CONTACT INPUTS........................................................................................ 5-177
5.7.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS.......................................................................................... 5-179
5.7.3 CONTACT OUTPUTS.................................................................................... 5-180
5.7.4 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS ...................................................................................... 5-180
5.7.5 REMOTE DEVICES ....................................................................................... 5-181
5.7.6 REMOTE INPUTS.......................................................................................... 5-182
5.7.7 REMOTE OUTPUTS: DNA BIT PAIRS.......................................................... 5-183
5.7.8 REMOTE OUTPUTS: USERST BIT PAIRS................................................... 5-184
5.7.9 RESETTING................................................................................................... 5-184
5.7.10 DIRECT INPUTS/OUTPUTS ......................................................................... 5-185
5.8 TRANSDUCER I/O
5.8.1 DCMA INPUTS .............................................................................................. 5-188
5.8.2 RTD INPUTS.................................................................................................. 5-189
5.9 TESTING
5.9.1 TEST MODE .................................................................................................. 5-190
5.9.2 FORCE CONTACT INPUTS .......................................................................... 5-190
5.9.3 FORCE CONTACT OUTPUTS ...................................................................... 5-190

6. ACTUAL VALUES 6.1 OVERVIEW

6.1.1 ACTUAL VALUES MAIN MENU ........................................................................ 6-1
6.2 STATUS
6.2.1 CONTACT INPUTS............................................................................................ 6-3
6.2.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS.............................................................................................. 6-3
6.2.3 REMOTE INPUTS.............................................................................................. 6-3
6.2.4 CONTACT OUTPUTS........................................................................................ 6-4
6.2.5 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS .......................................................................................... 6-4
6.2.6 AUTORECLOSE ................................................................................................ 6-4
6.2.7 REMOTE DEVICES STATUS ............................................................................ 6-4
6.2.8 REMOTE DEVICES STATISTICS ..................................................................... 6-5
6.2.9 DIGITAL COUNTERS ........................................................................................ 6-5

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay iii

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

6.2.10 FLEX STATES ....................................................................................................6-5

6.2.11 ETHERNET ........................................................................................................6-5
6.2.12 DIRECT INPUTS ................................................................................................6-6
6.2.13 DIRECT DEVICES STATUS ..............................................................................6-6
6.3 METERING
6.3.1 METERING CONVENTIONS .............................................................................6-7
6.3.2 SOURCES ........................................................................................................6-10
6.3.3 SYNCHROCHECK ...........................................................................................6-12
6.3.4 TRACKING FREQUENCY................................................................................6-12
6.3.5 FLEXELEMENTS™ ..........................................................................................6-13
6.3.6 TRANSDUCER I/O ...........................................................................................6-13
6.4 RECORDS
6.4.1 FAULT REPORTS ............................................................................................6-14
6.4.2 EVENT RECORDS ...........................................................................................6-16
6.4.3 OSCILLOGRAPHY ...........................................................................................6-16
6.4.4 DATA LOGGER ................................................................................................6-16
6.4.5 MAINTENANCE................................................................................................6-17
6.5 PRODUCT INFORMATION
6.5.1 MODEL INFORMATION ...................................................................................6-18
6.5.2 FIRMWARE REVISIONS..................................................................................6-18

7. COMMANDS AND 7.1 COMMANDS

TARGETS 7.1.1 COMMANDS MENU ...........................................................................................7-1
7.1.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS ..............................................................................................7-1
7.1.3 CLEAR RECORDS .............................................................................................7-2
7.1.4 SET DATE AND TIME ........................................................................................7-2
7.1.5 RELAY MAINTENANCE .....................................................................................7-2
7.2 TARGETS
7.2.1 TARGETS MENU ...............................................................................................7-3
7.2.2 TARGET MESSAGES ........................................................................................7-3
7.2.3 RELAY SELF-TESTS .........................................................................................7-3

8. THEORY OF OPERATION 8.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS

8.1.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................8-1
8.1.2 PHASOR ESTIMATION......................................................................................8-2
8.1.3 DISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS.......................................................................8-2
8.1.4 MEMORY POLARIZATION ................................................................................8-6
8.1.5 DISTANCE ELEMENTS ANALYSIS...................................................................8-7
8.2 PHASE DISTANCE APPLIED TO POWER TRANSFORMERS
8.2.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................8-10
8.2.2 EXAMPLE .........................................................................................................8-13
8.3 GROUND DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT
8.3.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................8-15
8.3.2 EXAMPLE .........................................................................................................8-15
8.4 SERIES COMPENSATED LINES
8.4.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................8-16
8.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING
8.5.1 OVERVIEW ......................................................................................................8-19
8.5.2 PHASE SELECTION ........................................................................................8-22
8.5.3 COMMUNICATIONS CHANNELS FOR PILOT-AIDED SCHEMES.................8-23
8.5.4 PERMISSIVE ECHO SIGNALING ....................................................................8-28
8.5.5 COORDINATION BETWEEN PILOT SCHEMES AND PHASE SELECTOR...8-29
8.5.6 CROSS COUNTRY FAULT EXAMPLE ............................................................8-30

iv D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

9. APPLICATION OF 9.1 APPLICATION GUIDELINES

SETTINGS 9.1.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................ 9-1
9.1.2 IMPACT OF THE USE OF MEMORY POLARIZATION .................................... 9-1
9.1.3 HIGH SET OVERCURRENT ELEMENTS ......................................................... 9-1
9.2 DISTANCE ELEMENTS (STEPPED DISTANCE SCHEME)
9.2.1 PHASE DISTANCE............................................................................................ 9-2
9.2.2 GROUND DISTANCE ........................................................................................ 9-3
9.3 PROTECTION SIGNALING SCHEMES
9.3.1 DESCRIPTION................................................................................................... 9-4
9.3.2 DIRECT UNDER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP (DUTT) ................................. 9-4
9.3.3 PERMISSIVE UNDER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP (PUTT) ......................... 9-4
9.3.4 PERMISSIVE OVERREACHING TRANSFER TRIP (POTT) ............................ 9-4
9.3.5 HYBRID POTT SCHEME (HYB-POTT) ............................................................. 9-5
9.3.6 DIRECTIONAL COMPARISON BLOCKING ...................................................... 9-6
9.4 APPLICATIONS ON SERIES COMPENSATED LINES
9.4.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................ 9-7
9.4.2 DISTANCE ......................................................................................................... 9-7
9.4.3 GROUND DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT ..................................................... 9-8
9.4.4 HIGH-SET PHASE OVERCURRENT ................................................................ 9-8
9.5 PHASE DISTANCE THROUGH POWER TRANSFORMERS
9.5.1 DESCRIPTION................................................................................................... 9-9
9.5.2 EXAMPLE ........................................................................................................ 9-10

A. FLEXANALOG A.1 FLEXANALOG PARAMETERS

A.1.1 PARAMETER LIST ............................................................................................A-1

B. MODBUS® RTU PROTOCOL B.1 OVERVIEW

B.1.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................B-1
B.1.2 PHYSICAL LAYER.............................................................................................B-1
B.1.3 DATA LINK LAYER............................................................................................B-1
B.1.4 CRC-16 ALGORITHM........................................................................................B-3
B.2 FUNCTION CODES
B.2.1 SUPPORTED FUNCTION CODES ...................................................................B-4
B.2.2 FUNCTION CODE 03H/04H: READ ACTUAL VALUES OR SETTINGS ..........B-4
B.2.3 FUNCTION CODE 05H: EXECUTE OPERATION ............................................B-5
B.2.4 .FUNCTION CODE 06H: STORE SINGLE SETTING .......................................B-5
B.2.5 FUNCTION CODE 10H: STORE MULTIPLE SETTINGS..................................B-6
B.2.6 EXCEPTION RESPONSES ...............................................................................B-6
B.3 FILE TRANSFERS
B.3.1 OBTAINING UR FILES USING MODBUS® PROTOCOL..................................B-7
B.3.2 MODBUS® PASSWORD OPERATION .............................................................B-8
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING
B.4.1 MODBUS® MEMORY MAP ...............................................................................B-9
B.4.2 MEMORY MAP DATA FORMATS ...................................................................B-45

C. UCA/MMS C.1 UCA/MMS OVERVIEW

C.1.1 UCA....................................................................................................................C-1
C.1.2 MMS...................................................................................................................C-1
C.1.3 UCA REPORTING .............................................................................................C-6

D. IEC 60870-5-104 D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay v

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D.1.1 INTEROPERABILITY DOCUMENT................................................................... D-1

D.1.2 POINT LIST ..................................................................................................... D-10

E. DNP E.1 DNP DEVICE PROFILE

E.1.1 DNP V3.00 DEVICE PROFILE .......................................................................... E-1
E.2 DNP IMPLEMENTATION TABLE
E.2.1 IMPLEMENTATION TABLE .............................................................................. E-4
E.3 DNP POINT LISTS
E.3.1 BINARY INPUT POINTS ................................................................................... E-8
E.3.2 BINARY OUTPUT AND CONTROL RELAY OUTPUT .................................... E-13
E.3.3 COUNTERS..................................................................................................... E-14
E.3.4 ANALOG INPUTS............................................................................................ E-15

F. REVISIONS F.1 CHANGE NOTES

F.1.1 REVISION HISTORY......................................................................................... F-1
F.1.2 CHANGES TO D60 MANUAL ........................................................................... F-1
F.2 ABBREVIATIONS
F.2.1 STANDARD ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................... F-3
F.3 WARRANTY
F.3.1 GE MULTILIN WARRANTY............................................................................... F-5

INDEX

vi D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 1 GETTING STARTED 1.1 IMPORTANT PROCEDURES

1 GETTING STARTED 1.1IMPORTANT PROCEDURES

Please read this chapter to help guide you through the initial setup of your new relay. 1
1.1.1 CAUTIONS AND WARNINGS

Before attempting to install or use the relay, it is imperative that all WARNINGS and CAU-
TIONS in this manual are reviewed to help prevent personal injury, equipment damage, and/
or downtime.
WARNING CAUTION

1.1.2 INSPECTION CHECKLIST

• Open the relay packaging and inspect the unit for physical damage.
• Check that the battery tab is intact on the power supply module (for more details, see the BATTERY TAB section near
the end of this chapter).
• View the rear nameplate and verify that the correct model has been ordered.

D60D00HCHF8AH6AM6BP8BX7A

D60 Line Distance Relay RATINGS: Model:

Mods: 000
Control Power: 88-300V DC @ 35W / 77-265V AC @ 35VA Wiring Diagram: ZZZZZZ
Contact Inputs: 300V DC Max 10mA Inst. Manual: D
Contact Outputs: Standard Pilot Duty / 250V AC 7.5A Serial Number: MAZB98000029
360V A Resistive / 125V DC Break Firmware: D
GE Power Management 4A @ L/R = 40mS / 300W Mfg. Date: 1998/01/05

Technical Support:
Made in
Tel: (905) 294-6222 http://www.ge.com/indsys/pm ®
®
Canada
Fax: (905) 201-2098 - M A A B 9 7 0 0 0 0 9 9 -

Figure 1–1: REAR NAMEPLATE (EXAMPLE)

• Ensure that the following items are included:
• Instruction Manual
• GE Multilin Products CD (includes the URPC software and manuals in PDF format)
• mounting screws
• registration card (attached as the last page of the manual)
• Fill out the registration form and mail it back to GE Multilin (include the serial number located on the rear nameplate).
• For product information, instruction manual updates, and the latest software updates, please visit the GE Multilin web-
site at www.GEindustrial.com/multilin.
If there is any noticeable physical damage, or any of the contents listed are missing, please contact GE
Multilin immediately.
NOTE

GE MULTILIN CONTACT INFORMATION AND CALL CENTER FOR PRODUCT SUPPORT:

GE Multilin
215 Anderson Avenue
Markham, Ontario
Canada L6E 1B3
TELEPHONE: (905) 294-6222, 1-800-547-8629 (North America only)
FAX: (905) 201-2098
E-MAIL: [email protected]
HOME PAGE: http://www.GEindustrial.com/multilin

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 1-1

 1.2 UR OVERVIEW 1 GETTING STARTED

1.2UR OVERVIEW 1.2.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE UR

1 Historically, substation protection, control, and metering functions were performed with electromechanical equipment. This
first generation of equipment was gradually replaced by analog electronic equipment, most of which emulated the single-
function approach of their electromechanical precursors. Both of these technologies required expensive cabling and auxil-
iary equipment to produce functioning systems.
Recently, digital electronic equipment has begun to provide protection, control, and metering functions. Initially, this equip-
ment was either single function or had very limited multi-function capability, and did not significantly reduce the cabling and
auxiliary equipment required. However, recent digital relays have become quite multi-functional, reducing cabling and aux-
iliaries significantly. These devices also transfer data to central control facilities and Human Machine Interfaces using elec-
tronic communications. The functions performed by these products have become so broad that many users now prefer the
term IED (Intelligent Electronic Device).
It is obvious to station designers that the amount of cabling and auxiliary equipment installed in stations can be even further
reduced, to 20% to 70% of the levels common in 1990, to achieve large cost reductions. This requires placing even more
functions within the IEDs.
Users of power equipment are also interested in reducing cost by improving power quality and personnel productivity, and
as always, in increasing system reliability and efficiency. These objectives are realized through software which is used to
perform functions at both the station and supervisory levels. The use of these systems is growing rapidly.
High speed communications are required to meet the data transfer rates required by modern automatic control and moni-
toring systems. In the near future, very high speed communications will be required to perform protection signaling with a
performance target response time for a command signal between two IEDs, from transmission to reception, of less than 5
milliseconds. This has been established by the Electric Power Research Institute, a collective body of many American and
Canadian power utilities, in their Utilities Communications Architecture 2 (MMS/UCA2) project. In late 1998, some Euro-
pean utilities began to show an interest in this ongoing initiative.
IEDs with the capabilities outlined above will also provide significantly more power system data than is presently available,
enhance operations and maintenance, and permit the use of adaptive system configuration for protection and control sys-
tems. This new generation of equipment must also be easily incorporated into automation systems, at both the station and
enterprise levels. The GE Multilin Universal Relay (UR) has been developed to meet these goals.

1-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 1 GETTING STARTED 1.2 UR OVERVIEW

1.2.2 HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE

a) UR BASIC DESIGN 1
The UR is a digital-based device containing a central processing unit (CPU) that handles multiple types of input and output
signals. The UR can communicate over a local area network (LAN) with an operator interface, a programming device, or
another UR device.

Input Elements CPU Module Output Elements

Contact Inputs Protective Elements Contact Outputs
Virtual Inputs Pickup Virtual Outputs
Dropout
Input Output
Analog Inputs Operate Analog Outputs
CT Inputs Status Status Remote Outputs
VT Inputs Table Logic Gates Table -DNA
-USER
Remote Inputs
Direct Inputs Direct Outputs

LAN

Programming Operator
Device Interface
827822A2.CDR

Figure 1–2: UR CONCEPT BLOCK DIAGRAM

The CPU module contains firmware that provides protection elements in the form of logic algorithms, as well as program-
mable logic gates, timers, and latches for control features.
Input elements accept a variety of analog or digital signals from the field. The UR isolates and converts these signals into
logic signals used by the relay.
Output elements convert and isolate the logic signals generated by the relay into digital or analog signals that can be used
to control field devices.

b) UR SIGNAL TYPES
The contact inputs and outputs are digital signals associated with connections to hard-wired contacts. Both ‘wet’ and
‘dry’ contacts are supported.
The virtual inputs and outputs are digital signals associated with UR internal logic signals. Virtual inputs include signals
generated by the local user interface. The virtual outputs are outputs of FlexLogic™ equations used to customize the UR
device. Virtual outputs can also serve as virtual inputs to FlexLogic™ equations.
The analog inputs and outputs are signals that are associated with transducers, such as Resistance Temperature Detec-
tors (RTDs).
The CT and VT inputs refer to analog current transformer and voltage transformer signals used to monitor AC power lines.
The UR supports 1 A and 5 A CTs.
The remote inputs and outputs provide a means of sharing digital point state information between remote UR devices.
The remote outputs interface to the remote inputs of other UR devices. Remote outputs are FlexLogic™ operands inserted
into UCA2 GOOSE messages and are of two assignment types: DNA standard functions and USER defined functions.
The direct inputs and outputs provide a means of sharing digital point states between a number of UR IEDs over a dedi-
cated fiber (single or multimode), RS422, or G.703 interface. No switching equipment is required as the IEDs are con-
nected directly in a ring or redundant (dual) ring configuration. This feature is optimized for speed and intended for pilot-
aided schemes, distributed logic applications, or the extension of the input/output capabilities of a single UR chassis.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 1-3

 1.2 UR OVERVIEW 1 GETTING STARTED

c) UR SCAN OPERATION

1 The UR device operates in a cyclic scan fashion. The UR reads the inputs into an input status table, solves the logic pro-
gram (FlexLogic™ equation), and then sets each output to the appropriate state in an output status table. Any resulting task
execution is priority interrupt-driven.

Read Inputs
Protection elements
serviced by sub-scan

Protective Elements
PKP
Solve Logic DPO
OP

Set Outputs

827823A1.CDR

Figure 1–3: UR SCAN OPERATION

1.2.3 SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE

The firmware (software embedded in the relay) is designed in functional modules which can be installed in any relay as
required. This is achieved with Object-Oriented Design and Programming (OOD/OOP) techniques.
Object-Oriented techniques involve the use of ‘objects’ and ‘classes’. An ‘object’ is defined as “a logical entity that contains
both data and code that manipulates that data”. A ‘class’ is the generalized form of similar objects. By using this concept,
one can create a Protection Class with the Protection Elements as objects of the class such as Time Overcurrent, Instanta-
neous Overcurrent, Current Differential, Undervoltage, Overvoltage, Underfrequency, and Distance. These objects repre-
sent completely self-contained software modules. The same object-class concept can be used for Metering, I/O Control,
HMI, Communications, or any functional entity in the system.
Employing OOD/OOP in the software architecture of the Universal Relay achieves the same features as the hardware
architecture: modularity, scalability, and flexibility. The application software for any Universal Relay (e.g. Feeder Protection,
Transformer Protection, Distance Protection) is constructed by combining objects from the various functionality classes.
This results in a ’common look and feel’ across the entire family of UR platform-based applications.

1.2.4 IMPORTANT CONCEPTS

As described above, the architecture of the UR relay is different from previous devices. In order to achieve a general under-
standing of this device, some sections of Chapter 5 are quite helpful. The most important functions of the relay are con-
tained in "Elements". A description of UR elements can be found in the INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTS section. An
example of a simple element, and some of the organization of this manual, can be found in the DIGITAL ELEMENTS
MENU section. An explanation of the use of inputs from CTs and VTs is in the INTRODUCTION TO AC SOURCES section.
A description of how digital signals are used and routed within the relay is contained in the INTRODUCTION TO FLEX-
LOGIC™ section.

1-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 1 GETTING STARTED 1.3 URPC® SOFTWARE

1.3URPC® SOFTWARE 1.3.1 PC REQUIREMENTS

The Faceplate keypad and display or the URPC software interface can be used to communicate with the relay.
1
The URPC software interface is the preferred method to edit settings and view actual values because the PC monitor can
display more information in a simple comprehensible format.
The following minimum requirements must be met for the URPC software to properly operate on a PC.
• Pentium class or higher processor (Pentium II 300 MHz or higher recommended)
• Windows 95, 98, 98SE, ME, NT 4.0 (Service Pack 4 or higher), 2000, XP
• 64 MB of RAM (256 MB recommended)
• 40 MB of available hard drive space (100 MB recommended)
• Video capable of displaying 800 x 600 or higher in High Color mode (16-bit color)
• RS232 and/or Ethernet communications port to the relay

1.3.2 INSTALLATION

Refer to the following procedure to install the URPC software:

1. Insert the GE Multilin Products CD into your PC or direct your web browser to the GE Multilin website at www.GEin-
dustrial.com/multilin (preferred method). The Products CD is essentially a snapshot of the GE Multilin website at the
date printed on the CD; install from the website to ensure the most recent version of URPC.
2. If the Products CD does not start automatically, choose Run from the Windows® Start menu and type D:\SETUP.EXE.
3. Select the Software item from the Resources menu on the right of the GE Multilin welcome page.
4. Select the D60 Line Distance Relay item from the list of protective relays shown.
5. The D60 Software page will be shown. Select the URPC Software item from the list and save the installation program
to your local PC.
6. Run the installation program and follow the on-screen instructions. When the Choose Destination Location window
appears and if the software is not to be located in the default directory, click Browse and type in the complete path
name including the new directory name.
7. Click Next to continue with the installation procedure.
8. The default program group where the application will be added to is shown in the Select Program Folder window. If it
is desired that the application be added to an already existing program group, choose the group name from the list
shown.
9. Click Next to begin the installation process.
10. To launch the URPC application, click Finish in the Setup Complete window.
11. Subsequently, double click on the URPC software icon to activate the application.
Refer to the HUMAN INTERFACES chapter in this manual and the URPC Software Help program for more
information about the URPC software interface.
NOTE

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 1-5

 1.3 URPC® SOFTWARE 1 GETTING STARTED

1.3.3 CONNECTING URPC® WITH THE D60

1 This section is intended as a quick start guide to using the URPC software. Please refer to the URPC Help File and the
HUMAN INTERFACES chapter for more information.

a) CONFIGURING AN ETHERNET CONNECTION

Before starting, verify that the Ethernet network cable is properly connected to the Ethernet port on the back of the relay.
1. Start the URPC software. Enter the password "URPC" at the login password box.
2. Select the Help > Connection Wizard menu item to open the Connection Wizard. Click "Next" to continue.
3. Click the "New Interface" button to open the Edit New Interface window.
• Enter the desired interface name in the Enter Interface Name field.
• Select the "Ethernet" interface from the drop down list and press "Next" to continue.
4. Click the "New Device" button to open the Edit New Device Window.
• Enter the desired name in the Enter Interface Name field.
• Enter the Modbus address of the relay (from SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICATIONS !" MODBUS
PROTOCOL ! MODBUS SLAVE ADDRESS) in the Enter Modbus Address field.

• Enter the IP address (from SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICATIONS !" NETWORK ! IP ADDRESS) in
the Enter TCPIP Address field.
5. Click the "4.1 Read Device Information" button then "OK" when the relay information has been received. Click "Next" to
continue.
6. Click the "New Site" button to open the Edit Site Name window.
• Enter the desired site name in the Enter Site Name field.
7. Click the "OK" button then click "Finish". The new Site List tree will be added to the Site List window (or Online window)
located in the top left corner of the main URPC window.
The Site Device has now been configured for Ethernet communications. Proceed to Section c) CONNECTING TO THE
RELAY below to begin communications.

b) CONFIGURING AN RS232 CONNECTION

Before starting, verify that the RS232 serial cable is properly connected to the RS232 port on the front panel of the relay.
1. Start the URPC software. Enter the password "URPC" at the login password box.
2. Select the Help > Connection Wizard menu item to open the Connection Wizard. Click "Next" to continue.
3. Click the "New Interface" button to open the Edit New Interface window.
• Enter the desired interface name in the Enter Interface Name field.
• Select the "RS232" interface from the drop down list and press "Next" to continue.
4. Click the "New Device" button to open the Edit New Device Window.
• Enter the desired name in the Enter Interface Name field.
• Enter the PC COM port number in the COM Port field.
5. Click "OK" then click "Next" to continue.
6. Click the "New Site" button to open the Edit Site Name window.
• Enter the desired site name in the Enter Site Name field.
7. Click the "OK" button then click "Finish". The new Site List tree will be added to the Site List window (or Online window)
located in the top left corner of the main URPC window.
The Site Device has now been configured for RS232 communications. Proceed to Section c) CONNECTING TO THE
RELAY below to begin communications.

1-6 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 1 GETTING STARTED 1.3 URPC® SOFTWARE

c) CONNECTING TO THE RELAY

1. Select the Display Properties window through the Site List tree as shown below: 1

2. The Display Properties window will open with a flashing status indicator.
• If the indicator is red, click the Connect button (lightning bolt) in the menu bar of the Displayed Properties window.
3. In a few moments, the flashing light should turn green, indicating that URPC is communicating with the relay.
Refer to the HUMAN INTERFACES chapter in this manual and the URPC Software Help program for more
information about the URPC software interface.
NOTE

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 1-7

 1.4 UR HARDWARE 1 GETTING STARTED

1.4UR HARDWARE 1.4.1 MOUNTING AND WIRING

1 Please refer to the HARDWARE chapter for detailed relay mounting and wiring instructions. Review all WARNINGS and
CAUTIONS.

1.4.2 COMMUNICATIONS

The URPC software communicates to the relay via the faceplate RS232 port or the rear panel RS485 / Ethernet ports. To
communicate via the faceplate RS232 port, a standard “straight-through” serial cable is used. The DB-9 male end is con-
nected to the relay and the DB-9 or DB-25 female end is connected to the PC COM1 or COM2 port as described in the
HARDWARE chapter.

Figure 1–4: RELAY COMMUNICATIONS OPTIONS

To communicate through the D60 rear RS485 port from a PC RS232 port, the GE Multilin RS232/RS485 converter box is
required. This device (catalog number F485) connects to the computer using a "straight-through" serial cable. A shielded
twisted-pair (20, 22, or 24 AWG) connects the F485 converter to the D60 rear communications port. The converter termi-
nals (+, –, GND) are connected to the D60 communication module (+, –, COM) terminals. Refer to the CPU COMMUNICA-
TION PORTS section in the HARDWARE chapter for option details. The line should be terminated with an R-C network (i.e.
120 Ω, 1 nF) as described in the HARDWARE chapter.

1.4.3 FACEPLATE DISPLAY

All messages are displayed on a 2 × 20 character vacuum fluorescent display to make them visible under poor lighting con-
ditions. An optional liquid crystal display (LCD) is also available. Messages are displayed in English and do not require the
aid of an instruction manual for deciphering. While the keypad and display are not actively being used, the display will
default to defined messages. Any high priority event driven message will automatically override the default message and
appear on the display.

1-8 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 1 GETTING STARTED 1.5 USING THE RELAY

1.5USING THE RELAY 1.5.1 FACEPLATE KEYPAD

Display messages are organized into ‘pages’ under the following headings: Actual Values, Settings, Commands, and Tar-
1
gets. The key navigates through these pages. Each heading page is broken down further into logical subgroups.
The MESSAGE keys navigate through the subgroups. The VALUE keys scroll increment or decrement
numerical setting values when in programming mode. These keys also scroll through alphanumeric values in the text edit
mode. Alternatively, values may also be entered with the numeric keypad.
The key initiates and advance to the next character in text edit mode or enters a decimal point. The key may be
pressed at any time for context sensitive help messages. The key stores altered setting values.

1.5.2 MENU NAVIGATION

Press the key to select the desired header display page (top-level menu). The header title appears momentarily fol-
lowed by a header display page menu item. Each press of the key advances through the main heading pages as
illustrated below.
! ! !
ACTUAL VALUES SETTINGS COMMANDS TARGETS

" " " "

## ACTUAL VALUES ## SETTINGS ## COMMANDS No Active

## STATUS ## PRODUCT SETUP ## VIRTUAL INPUTS Targets

!
USER DISPLAYS
(when in use)
"

User Display 1

1.5.3 MENU HIERARCHY

The setting and actual value messages are arranged hierarchically. The header display pages are indicated by double
scroll bar characters (##), while sub-header pages are indicated by single scroll bar characters (#). The header display
pages represent the highest level of the hierarchy and the sub-header display pages fall below this level. The MESSAGE
and keys move within a group of headers, sub-headers, setting values, or actual values. Continually pressing the
MESSAGE key from a header display displays specific information for the header category. Conversely, continually
pressing the MESSAGE key from a setting value or actual value display returns to the header display.

HIGHEST LEVEL LOWEST LEVEL (SETTING VALUE)

## SETTINGS # PASSWORD ACCESS LEVEL:

## PRODUCT SETUP # SECURITY Restricted

## SETTINGS
## SYSTEM SETUP

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 1-9

 1.5 USING THE RELAY 1 GETTING STARTED

1.5.4 RELAY ACTIVATION

1 The relay is defaulted to the "Not Programmed" state when it leaves the factory. This safeguards against the installation of
a relay whose settings have not been entered. When powered up successfully, the TROUBLE indicator will be on and the
IN SERVICE indicator off. The relay in the "Not Programmed" state will block signaling of any output relay. These condi-
tions will remain until the relay is explicitly put in the "Programmed" state.
Select the menu message SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" INSTALLATION ! RELAY SETTINGS
RELAY SETTINGS:
Not Programmed

To put the relay in the "Programmed" state, press either of the VALUE keys once and then press . The face-
plate TROUBLE indicator will turn off and the IN SERVICE indicator will turn on. The settings for the relay can be pro-
grammed manually (refer to the SETTINGS chapter) via the faceplate keypad or remotely (refer to the URPC Help file) via
the URPC software interface.

1.5.5 BATTERY TAB

The battery tab is installed in the power supply module before the D60 shipped from the factory. The battery tab prolongs
battery life in the event the relay is powered down for long periods of time before installation. The battery is responsible for
backing up event records, oscillography, data logger, and real-time clock information when the relay is powered off. The
battery failure self-test error generated by the relay is a minor and should not affect the relay functionality. When the relay is
installed and ready for commissioning, the tab should be removed. The battery tab should be re-inserted if the relay is pow-
ered off for an extended period of time. If required, contact the factory for a replacement battery or battery tab.

1.5.6 RELAY PASSWORDS

It is recommended that passwords be set up for each security level and assigned to specific personnel. There are two user
password security access levels, COMMAND and SETTING:
1. COMMAND
The COMMAND access level restricts the user from making any settings changes, but allows the user to perform the fol-
lowing operations:
• operate breakers via faceplate keypad
• change state of virtual inputs
• clear event records
• clear oscillography records
• operate user-programmable pushbuttons
2. SETTING
The SETTING access level allows the user to make any changes to any of the setting values.
Refer to the CHANGING SETTINGS section (in the HUMAN INTERFACES chapter) for complete instructions
on setting up security level passwords.
NOTE

1.5.7 FLEXLOGIC™ CUSTOMIZATION

FlexLogic™ equation editing is required for setting up user-defined logic for customizing the relay operations. See the
FLEXLOGIC™ section in the SETTINGS chapter.

1.5.8 COMMISSIONING

Templated tables for charting all the required settings before entering them via the keypad are available from the GE Multi-
lin website at www.GEindustrial.com/multilin.

1-10 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1 INTRODUCTION

2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1INTRODUCTION 2.1.1 OVERVIEW

The D60 Line Distance Relay is a microprocessor-based relay intended for use on transmission lines of any voltage level,
without, with, and in the vicinity of series compensation, in three-pole and single-pole tripping applications. The primary
function of the relay consists of four phase and ground distance zones of protection, either mho or quadrilateral as per user
selection, with built-in logic for the five common pilot-aided schemes. The distance elements are optimized to provide good
measurement accuracy with a fast operating time, even when used with Capacitive Voltage Transformers, and can be
supervised by detection of power swings. The relay also provides directional ground overcurrent elements, which are com-
monly used as part of an overall line protection system.
2
D60 phase distance zones can be configured to work with voltages and currents fed from VTs and CTs located indepen-
dently from one another on either side of a three-phase power transformer. The relay compensates accordingly to preserve
reach and correct target information regardless of the location and type of fault. This feature allows backup protection appli-
cations for generators and power transformers.
A Close-Into-Fault, or Switch-On-To-Fault, function is performed by the Line Pickup element. Out-of-step tripping, three-
pole/single-pole dual-breaker autoreclosing, synchrocheck, fault location, and many other functions are also available. In
addition, overcurrent and undervoltage protection, fault diagnostics, power metering, and RTU functions are provided. The
D60 provides phase, neutral, and ground time overcurrent protection. The time overcurrent functions can be programmed
with multiple curve shapes or FlexCurve™ for optimum coordination.
Voltage, current, and power metering is built into the relay as a standard feature. Current parameters are available as total
waveform RMS magnitude, or as fundamental frequency only RMS magnitude and angle (phasor).
Diagnostic features include an Event Recorder capable of storing 1024 time-tagged events, oscillography capable of stor-
ing up to 64 records with programmable trigger, content and sampling rate, and Data Logger acquisition of up to 16 chan-
nels, with programmable content and sampling rate. The internal clock used for time-tagging can be synchronized with an
IRIG-B signal or via the SNTP protocol over the Ethernet port. This precise time stamping allows the sequence of events to
be determined throughout the system. Events can also be programmed (via FlexLogic™ equations) to trigger oscillography
data capture which may be set to record the measured parameters before and after the event for viewing on a personal
computer (PC). These tools significantly reduce troubleshooting time and simplify report generation in the event of a sys-
tem fault.
A faceplate RS232 port may be used to connect to a PC for the programming of settings and the monitoring of actual val-
ues. A variety of communications modules are available. Two rear RS485 ports allow independent access by operating and
engineering staff. All serial ports use the Modbus® RTU protocol. The RS485 ports may be connected to system computers
with baud rates up to 115.2 kbps. The RS232 port has a fixed baud rate of 19.2 kbps. Optional communications modules
include a 10BaseF Ethernet interface which can be used to provide fast, reliable communications in noisy environments.
Another option provides two 10BaseF fiber optic ports for redundancy. The Ethernet port supports MMS/UCA2, Modbus®/
TCP, and TFTP protocols, and allows access to the relay via any standard web browser (UR web pages). The IEC 60870-
5-104 protocol is supported on the Ethernet port. DNP 3.0 and IEC 60870-5-104 cannot be enabled at the same time.
The D60 IEDs use flash memory technology which allows field upgrading as new features are added. The following SIN-
GLE LINE DIAGRAM illustrates the relay functionality using ANSI (American National Standards Institute) device numbers.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 2-1

 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

Table 2–1: DEVICE NUMBERS AND FUNCTIONS

DEVICE FUNCTION DEVICE FUNCTION
NUMBER NUMBER
21G Ground Distance 51P Phase Time Overcurrent
21P Phase Distance 51_2 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent
25 Synchrocheck 52 AC Circuit Breaker
2 27P Phase Undervoltage 59N Neutral Overvoltage
27X Auxiliary Undervoltage 59P Phase Overvoltage
50BF Breaker Failure 59X Auxiliary Overvoltage
50DD Current Disturbance Detector 59_2 Negative Sequence Overvoltage
50G Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 67N Neutral Directional Overcurrent
50N Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 67P Phase Directional Overcurrent
50P Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 67_2 Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent
50_2 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent 68 Power Swing Blocking
51G Ground Time Overcurrent 78 Out-of-Step Tripping
51N Neutral Time Overcurrent 79 Automatic Recloser

52 52

CLOSE TRIP
Monitoring
59X 27X 25 (2)

79

50DD 50P (2) 50_2 (2) 51P (2) 51_2 (2) 50BF (2) 21P (4) 67P (2) 67_2 (2) 68 78 50N (2) 51N (2) 67N/G (2) 21G (4)

59P
Data From/To Remote End Pilot Transducer
(via Communications)
FlexElementTM Metering Inputs
Schemes
27P (2)
50G (2) 51G (2)

59N

D60 Line Distance Relay

837709AE.CDR

Figure 2–1: SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM

2-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1 INTRODUCTION

Table 2–2: OTHER DEVICE FUNCTIONS

FUNCTION FUNCTION FUNCTION
Breaker Arcing Current (I2t) Fault Locator Oscillography
Breaker Control FlexElements™ (16) Pilot Schemes
Contact Inputs (up to 96) FlexLogic™ Equations Setting Groups (6)
Contact Outputs (up to 64) Line Pickup Time Synchronization over SNTP
Data Logger Metering: Current, Voltage, Power, Transducer I/O 2
Power Factor, Frequency
Digital Counters (8) User Definable Displays
Digital Elements (16) MMS/UCA Communications User Programmable LEDs
Direct Inputs/Outputs (32) MMS/UCA Remote I/O (“GOOSE”) User Programmable Pushbuttons
DNP 3.0 or IEC 60870-5-104 Comms Modbus Communications Virtual Inputs (32)
Event Recorder Modbus User Map Virtual Outputs (64)
Fault Detector and Fault Report Non-Volatile Latches VT Fuse Failure

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 2-3

 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.1.2 ORDERING

The relay is available as a 19-inch rack horizontal mount unit or as a reduced size (¾) vertical mount unit, and consists of
the following UR module functions: power supply, CPU, CT/VT DSP, digital input/output, transducer input/output. Each of
these modules can be supplied in a number of configurations which must be specified at the time of ordering. The informa-
tion required to completely specify the relay is provided in the following table (full details of available relay modules are con-
tained in the HARDWARE chapter).
2 Table 2–3: D60 ORDER CODES
D60 - * 00 - H * * - F ** - H ** - M ** - P ** - U ** - W ** For Full Sized Horizontal Mount
D60 - * 00 - V * * - F ** - H ** - M ** - R ** For Reduced Sized Vertical Mount
BASE UNIT D60 | | | | | | | | | | | Base Unit
CPU A | | | | | | | | | | RS485 + RS485 (ModBus RTU, DNP)
C | | | | | | | | | | RS485 + 10BaseF (MMS/UCA2, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP)
D | | | | | | | | | | RS485 + Redundant 10BaseF (MMS/UCA2, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP)
SOFTWARE 00 | | | | | | | | | No Software Options
MOUNT/ H C | | | | | | | Horizontal (19” rack)
FACEPLATE H P | | | | | | | Horizontal (19” rack) with User-Programmable Pushbuttons
V F | | | | | | | Vertical (3/4 rack)
POWER H | | | | | | 125 / 250 V AC/DC
SUPPLY L | | | | | | 24 to 48 V (DC only)
CT/VT DSP 8A | | | | | Standard 4CT/4VT
8B | | | | | Sensitive Ground 8CT
DIGITAL I/O | XX XX XX XX No Module
6A 6A 6A 6A 6A 2 Form-A (Volt w/ opt Curr) & 2 Form-C outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
6B 6B 6B 6B 6B 2 Form-A (Volt w/ opt Curr) & 4 Form-C Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs
6C 6C 6C 6C 6C 8 Form-C Outputs
6D 6D 6D 6D 6D 16 Digital Inputs
6E 6E 6E 6E 6E 4 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
6F 6F 6F 6F 6F 8 Fast Form-C Outputs
6G 6G 6G 6G 6G 4 Form-A (Voltage w/ opt Current) Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
6H 6H 6H 6H 6H 6 Form-A (Voltage w/ opt Current) Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs
6K 6K 6K 6K 6K 4 Form-C & 4 Fast Form-C Outputs
6L 6L 6L 6L 6L 2 Form-A (Curr w/ opt Volt) & 2 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
6M 6M 6M 6M 6M 2 Form-A (Curr w/ opt Volt) & 4 Form-C Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs
6N 6N 6N 6N 6N 4 Form-A (Current w/ opt Voltage) Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
6P 6P 6P 6P 6P 6 Form-A (Current w/ opt Voltage) Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs
6R 6R 6R 6R 6R 2 Form-A (No Monitoring) & 2 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
6S 6S 6S 6S 6S 2 Form-A (No Monitoring) & 4 Form-C Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs
6T 6T 6T 6T 6T 4 Form-A (No Monitoring) Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
6U 6U 6U 6U 6U 6 Form-A (No Monitoring) Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs
TRANSDUCER I/O 5C 5C 5C 5C 5C 8 RTD Inputs
(maximum of 4 per unit) 5E 5E 5E 5E 5E 4 RTD Inputs, 4 dcmA Inputs
5F 5F 5F 5F 5F 8 dcmA Inputs
INTER-RELAY 7A 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel
COMMUNICATIONS 7B 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel
7C 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel
7D 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel
7H 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels
7I 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels
7J 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels
7K 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channels
7L Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode, LED
7M Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED
7N Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED
7P Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER
7R G.703, 1 Channel
7S G.703, 2 Channels
7T RS422, 1 Channel
7W RS422, 2 Channels
72 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel
73 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channel
74 Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER

2-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1 INTRODUCTION

The order codes for replacement modules to be ordered separately are shown in the following table. When ordering a
replacement CPU module or Faceplate, please provide the serial number of your existing unit.

Table 2–4: ORDER CODES FOR UR REPLACEMENT MODULES

UR - ** -
POWER SUPPLY | 1H | 125 / 250 V AC/DC
| 1L | 24 to 48 V (DC only)

2
CPU | 9A | RS485 + RS485 (ModBus RTU, DNP 3.0)
| 9C | RS485 + 10BaseF (MMS/UCA2, ModBus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0)
| 9D | RS485 + Redundant 10BaseF (MMS/UCA2, ModBus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0)
FACEPLATE | 3C | Horizontal Faceplate with Display & Keypad
| 3F | Vertical Faceplate with Display & Keypad
DIGITAL I/O | 6A | 2 Form-A (Voltage w/ opt Current) & 2 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
| 6B | 2 Form-A (Voltage w/ opt Current) & 4 Form-C Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs
| 6C | 8 Form-C Outputs
| 6D | 16 Digital Inputs
| 6E | 4 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
| 6F | 8 Fast Form-C Outputs
| 6G | 4 Form-A (Voltage w/ opt Current) Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
| 6H | 6 Form-A (Voltage w/ opt Current) Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs
| 6K | 4 Form-C & 4 Fast Form-C Outputs
| 6L | 2 Form-A (Current w/ opt Voltage) & 2 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
| 6M | 2 Form-A (Current w/ opt Voltage) & 4 Form-C Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs
| 6N | 4 Form-A (Current w/ opt Voltage) Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
| 6P | 6 Form-A (Current w/ opt Voltage) Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs
| 6R | 2 Form-A (No Monitoring) & 2 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
| 6S | 2 Form-A (No Monitoring) & 4 Form-C Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs
| 6T | 4 Form-A (No Monitoring) Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs
| 6U | 6 Form-A (No Monitoring) Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs
CT/VT DSP | 8A | Standard 4CT/4VT
| 8B | Sensitive Ground 4CT/4VT
| 8C | Standard 8CT
| 8D | Sensitive Ground 8CT
L60 INTER-RELAY | 7U | 110/125 V, 20 mA Input/Output Channel Interface
COMMUNICATIONS | 7V | 48/60 V, 20 mA Input/Output Channel Interface
| 7Y | 125 V Input, 5V Output, 20 mA Channel Interface
| 7Z | 5 V Input, 5V Output, 20 mA Channel Interface
UR INTER-RELAY | 7A | 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel
COMMUNICATIONS | 7B | 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel
| 7C | 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel
| 7D | 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel
| 7E | Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 820 nm, multi-mode LED
| 7F | Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 1300 nm, multi-mode LED
| 7G | Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 1300 nm, single-mode ELED
| 7Q | Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 820 nm, single-mode LASER
| 7H | 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels
| 7I | 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels
| 7J | 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels
| 7K | 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channels
| 7L | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode, LED
| 7M | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED
| 7N | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED
| 7P | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER
| 7R | G.703, 1 Channel
| 7S | G.703, 2 Channels
| 7T | RS422, 1 Channel
| 7W | RS422, 2 Channels
| 72 | 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel
| 73 | 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channel
| 74 | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER
| 75 | Channel 1 - G.703, Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single -mode, LASER
TRANSDUCER I/O | 5C | 8 RTD Inputs
| 5E | 4 dcmA Inputs, 4 RTD Inputs
| 5F | 8 dcmA Inputs

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 2-5

 2.2 SPECIFICATIONS 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.2SPECIFICATIONSSPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE

2.2.1 PROTECTION ELEMENTS

The operating times below include the activation time of a trip rated Form-A output contact unless otherwise indi-
cated. FlexLogic™ operands of a given element are 4 ms faster. This should be taken into account when using
NOTE
FlexLogic™ to interconnect with other protection or control elements of the relay, building FlexLogic™ equations, or
2 interfacing with other IEDs or power system devices via communications or different output contacts.
PHASE DISTANCE
Characteristic: Dynamic (100% memory-polarized) Left Blinder (Quad only):
MHO or QUAD, selectable individually Reach: 0.02 to 500 Ω in steps of 0.01
per zone Characteristic angle: 60 to 90° in steps of 1
Number of Zones: 4 Time delay: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
Directionality: All zones reversible Timing accuracy: ±3% or 4 ms, whichever is greater
Reach (secondary Ω): 0.02 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01 Current supervision:
Reach accuracy: ±5% including the effect of CVT tran- Level: line-to-line current
sients up to an SIR of 30 Pickup: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Distance: Dropout: 97 to 98%
Characteristic angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1 Memory duration: 5 to 25 cycles in steps of 1
Comparator limit angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1 VT location: all delta-wye and wye-delta transformers
Directional supervision: CT location: all delta-wye and wye-delta transformers
Characteristic angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
Voltage supervision pickup (series compensation applications):
Limit angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
0 to 5.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Right blinder (Quad only):
Reach: 0.02 to 500 Ω in steps of 0.01
Characteristic angle: 60 to 90° in steps of 1
PHASE DISTANCE OPERATING TIME CURVES
The operating times are response times of a microprocessor part of the relay. See output contacts specifications for estimation of the total
response time for a particular application. The operating times are average times including variables such as fault inception angle or type
of a voltage source (magnetic VTs and CVTs).

Phase Element (21P)

30
SIR = 0.1
SIR = 1
25 SIR = 10
SIR = 20
SIR = 30
Operating Time [ms]

20

15

10

0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Fault Location [%]

837717A1.CDR

2-6 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.2 SPECIFICATIONS

GROUND DISTANCE
Characteristic: Dynamic (100% memory-polarized) Z0M/Z1 angle: –90 to 90° in steps of 1
MHO, or QUAD, selectable individually Right blinder (Quad only):
per zone Reach: 0.02 to 500 Ω in steps of 0.01
Number of zones: 4 Characteristic angle: 60 to 90° in steps of 1
Directionality: All zones reversible Left blinder (Quad only):
Reach (secondary Ω): 0.02 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01 Reach: 0.02 to 500 Ω in steps of 0.01
Reach accuracy: ±5% including the effect of CVT tran- Characteristic angle: 60 to 90° in steps of 1
sients up to an SIR of 30 Time delay: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 2
Distance characteristic angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1 Timing accuracy: ±3% or 4 ms, whichever is greater
Distance comparator limit angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1 Current supervision:
Directional supervision: Level: neutral current (3I_0)
Characteristic angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1 Pickup: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Limit angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1 Dropout: 97 to 98%
Zero-sequence compensation Memory duration: 5 to 25 cycles in steps of 1
Z0/Z1 magnitude: 0.50 to 7.00 in steps of 0.01 Voltage supervision pickup (series compensation applications):
Z0/Z1 angle: –90 to 90° in steps of 1 0 to 5.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Zero-sequence mutual compensation Operation time: 1 to 1.5 cycles (typical)
Z0M/Z1 magnitude: 0.00 to 7.00 in steps of 0.01 Reset time: 1 power cycle (typical)
GROUND DISTANCE OPERATING TIME CURVES
The operating times are response times of a microprocessor part of the relay. See output contacts specifications for estimation of the total
response time for a particular application. The operating times are average times including variables such as fault inception angle or type
of a voltage source (magnetic VTs and CVTs).

Ground Element (21G)

35
SIR = 0.1
SIR = 1
30 SIR = 10
SIR = 20
25 SIR = 30
Operating Time [ms]

20

15

10

0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Fault Location [%]

837718A1.CDR

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 2-7

 2.2 SPECIFICATIONS 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

LINE PICKUP NEGATIVE SEQUENCE IOC

Phase IOC: 0.000 to 30.000 pu Pickup level: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Positive sequence UV: 0.000 to 3.000 pu Dropout level: 97 to 98% of Pickup
Positive seq. OV delay: 0.000 to 65.535 s Level accuracy:
0.1 to 2.0 × CT rating: ±0.5% of reading or ±1% of rated
PHASE/NEUTRAL/GROUND TOC (whichever is greater)
Current: Phasor or RMS
> 2.0 × CT rating: ±1.5% of reading
Pickup level: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
2 Dropout level: 97% to 98% of Pickup
Overreach:
Pickup delay:
< 2%
0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
Level accuracy:
Reset delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
for 0.1 to 2.0 × CT: ±0.5% of reading or ±1% of rated
Operate time: < 20 ms at 3 × Pickup at 60 Hz
(whichever is greater)
for > 2.0 × CT: ±1.5% of reading > 2.0 × CT rating Timing accuracy: Operate at 1.5 × Pickup
Curve shapes: IEEE Moderately/Very/Extremely ±3% or ± 4 ms (whichever is greater)
Inverse; IEC (and BS) A/B/C and Short PHASE DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT
Inverse; GE IAC Inverse, Short/Very/ Relay connection: 90° (quadrature)
Extremely Inverse; I2t; FlexCurves™
Quadrature voltage:
(programmable); Definite Time (0.01 s ABC phase seq.: phase A (VBC), phase B (VCA), phase C (VAB)
base curve) ACB phase seq.: phase A (VCB), phase B (VAC), phase C (VBA)
Curve multiplier: Time Dial = 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of Polarizing voltage threshold: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001
0.01
Current sensitivity threshold: 0.05 pu
Reset type: Instantaneous/Timed (per IEEE)
Characteristic angle: 0 to 359° in steps of 1
Timing accuracy: Operate at > 1.03 × actual Pickup
Angle accuracy: ±2°
±3.5% of operate time or ±½ cycle
(whichever is greater) Operation time (FlexLogic™ operands):
Tripping (reverse load, forward fault):< 12 ms, typically
PHASE/NEUTRAL/GROUND IOC Blocking (forward load, reverse fault):< 8 ms, typically
Pickup level: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT
Dropout level: 97 to 98% of Pickup
Directionality: Co-existing forward and reverse
Level accuracy:
Polarizing: Voltage, Current, Dual
0.1 to 2.0 × CT rating: ±0.5% of reading or ±1% of rated
(whichever is greater) Polarizing voltage: V_0 or VX
> 2.0 × CT rating ±1.5% of reading Polarizing current: IG
Overreach: <2% Operating current: I_0
Pickup delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01 Level sensing: 3 × (|I_0| – K × |I_1|), K = 0.0625; IG
Reset delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01 Characteristic angle: –90 to 90° in steps of 1
Operate time: <20 ms at 3 × Pickup at 60 Hz Limit angle: 40 to 90° in steps of 1, independent for
Timing accuracy: Operate at 1.5 × Pickup forward and reverse
±3% or ±4 ms (whichever is greater) Angle accuracy: ±2°
NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TOC Offset impedance: 0.00 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
Pickup level: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Pickup level: 0.05 to 30.00 pu in steps of 0.01
Dropout level: 97% to 98% of Pickup Dropout level: 97 to 98%
Level accuracy: ±0.5% of reading or ±1% of rated (which- Operation time: < 16 ms at 3 × Pickup at 60 Hz
ever is greater) NEGATIVE SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL OC
from 0.1 to 2.0 x CT rating Directionality: Co-existing forward and reverse
±1.5% of reading > 2.0 x CT rating
Polarizing: Voltage
Curve shapes: IEEE Moderately/Very/Extremely
Polarizing voltage: V_2
Inverse; IEC (and BS) A/B/C and Short
Inverse; GE IAC Inverse, Short/Very/ Operating current: I_2
Extremely Inverse; I2t; FlexCurves™ Level sensing:
(programmable); Definite Time (0.01 s Zero-sequence: |I_0| – K × |I_1|, K = 0.0625
base curve) Negative-sequence: |I_2| – K × |I_1|, K = 0.125
Curve multiplier (Time dial): 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01 Characteristic angle: 0 to 90° in steps of 1
Reset type: Instantaneous/Timed (per IEEE) and Limit angle: 40 to 90° in steps of 1, independent for
Linear forward and reverse
Timing accuracy: Operate at > 1.03 × Actual Pickup Angle accuracy: ±2°
±3.5% of operate time or ±½ cycle Offset impedance: 0.00 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
(whichever is greater) Pickup level: 0.05 to 30.00 pu in steps of 0.01
Dropout level: 97 to 98%
Operation time: < 16 ms at 3 × Pickup at 60 Hz

2-8 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.2 SPECIFICATIONS

PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE BREAKER FAILURE

Pickup level: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Mode: 1-pole, 3-pole
Dropout level: 102 to 103% of Pickup Current supervision: Phase, Neutral Current
Level accuracy: ±0.5% of reading from 10 to 208 V Current supv. pickup: 0.001 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Curve shapes: GE IAV Inverse; Current supv. dropout: 97 to 98% of Pickup
Definite Time (0.1s base curve) Current supv. accuracy:
Curve multiplier: Time Dial = 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.1 to 2.0 × CT rating: ±0.75% of reading or ±1% of rated

Timing accuracy:
0.01
Operate at < 0.90 × Pickup
(whichever is greater)
above 2 × CT rating: ±1.5% of reading 2
±3.5% of operate time or ±4 ms (which- SYNCHROCHECK
ever is greater) Max voltage difference: 0 to 100000 V in steps of 1
AUXILIARY UNDERVOLTAGE Max angle difference: 0 to 100° in steps of 1
Pickup level: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Max freq. difference: 0.00 to 2.00 Hz in steps of 0.01
Dropout level: 102 to 103% of pickup Dead source function: None, LV1 & DV2, DV1 & LV2, DV1 or
Level accuracy: ±0.5% of reading from 10 to 208 V DV2, DV1 xor DV2, DV1 & DV2
Curve shapes: GE IAV Inverse, Definite Time (L = Live, D = Dead)
Curve multiplier: Time Dial = 0 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01 AUTORECLOSURE
Timing accuracy: ±3% of operate time or ±4 ms Two breakers applications
(whichever is greater) Single- and three-pole tripping schemes
PHASE OVERVOLTAGE Up to 2 reclose attempts before lockout
Voltage: Phasor only Selectable reclosing mode and breaker sequence
Pickup level: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001 PILOT-AIDED SCHEMES
Dropout level: 97 to 98% of Pickup Direct Underreaching Transfer Trip (DUTT)
Level accuracy: ±0.5% of reading from 10 to 208 V Permissive Underreaching Transfer Trip (PUTT)
Pickup delay: 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01 s Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip (POTT)
Operate time: < 30 ms at 1.10 × Pickup at 60 Hz Hybrid POTT Scheme
Timing accuracy: ±3% or ±4 ms (whichever is greater) Directional Comparison Blocking Scheme
NEUTRAL OVERVOLTAGE TRIP OUTPUT
Pickup level: 0.000 to 1.250 pu in steps of 0.001 Collects trip and reclose input requests and issues outputs to con-
Dropout level: 97 to 98% of Pickup trol tripping and reclosing.
Level accuracy: ±0.5% of reading from 10 to 208 V Communications timer delay: 0 to 65535 s in steps of 0.001
Pickup delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01 Timing accuracy: ±3% or 4 ms, whichever is greater
Reset delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01 POWER SWING DETECT
Timing accuracy: ±3% or ±4 ms (whichever is greater) Functions: Power swing block, Out-of-step trip
Operate time: < 30 ms at 1.10 × Pickup at 60 Hz Measured impedance: Positive-sequence
AUXILIARY OVERVOLTAGE Blocking / tripping modes: 2-step or 3-step
Pickup level: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Tripping mode: Early or Delayed
Dropout level: 97 to 98% of Pickup Current supervision:
Level accuracy: ±0.5% of reading from 10 to 208 V Pickup level: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Dropout level: 97 to 98% of Pickup
Pickup delay: 0 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
Fwd / reverse reach (sec. Ω): 0.10 to 500.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
Reset delay: 0 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
Impedance accuracy: ±5%
Timing accuracy: ±3% of operate time or ±4 ms
(whichever is greater) Fwd / reverse angle impedances: 40 to 90° in steps of 1
Operate time: < 30 ms at 1.10 × pickup at 60 Hz Angle accuracy: ±2°
Characteristic limit angles: 40 to 140° in steps of 1
NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERVOLTAGE
Timers: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
Pickup level: 0.000 to 1.250 pu in steps of 0.001
Timing accuracy: ±3% or 4 ms, whichever is greater
Dropout level: 97 to 98% of Pickup
Level accuracy: ±0.5% of reading from 10 to 208 V
Pickup delay: 0 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
Reset delay: 0 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
Time accuracy: ±3% or ±20 ms, whichever is greater
Operate time: < 30 ms at 1.10 × Pickup at 60 Hz

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 2-9

 2.2 SPECIFICATIONS 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

LOAD ENCROACHMENT OPEN POLE DETECTOR

Responds to: Positive-sequence quantities Detects an open pole condition, monitoring breaker auxiliary con-
Minimum voltage: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001 tacts, the current in each phase and optional voltages on the line
Reach (sec. Ω): 0.02 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01 Current pickup level: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Impedance accuracy: ±5% Current dropout level: Pickup + 3%, not less than 0.05 pu
Angle: 5 to 50° in steps of 1 Time delay: 0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
Angle accuracy: ±2° Timing accuracy: ±3% or 4 ms, whichever is greater

2 Pickup delay:
Reset delay:
0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
Time accuracy: ±3% or ±4 ms, whichever is greater
Operate time: < 30 ms at 60 Hz

2.2.2 USER PROGRAMMABLE ELEMENTS

FLEXLOGIC™ FLEXELEMENTS™
Programming language: Reverse Polish Notation with graphical Number of elements: 8
visualization (keypad programmable) Operating signal: any analog actual value, or two values in
Lines of code: 512 differential mode
Internal variables: 64 Operating signal mode: Signed or Absolute Value
Supported operations: NOT, XOR, OR (2 to 16 inputs), AND (2 Operating mode: Level, Delta
to 16 inputs), NOR (2 to 16 inputs), Compensation direction: Over, Under
NAND (2 to 16 inputs), LATCH (Reset Pickup Level: –30.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
dominant), EDGE DETECTORS, TIM-
ERS Hysteresis: 0.1 to 50.0% in steps of 0.1
Inputs: any logical variable, contact, or virtual Delta dt: 20 ms to 60 days
input Pickup & dropout delay: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
Number of timers: 32 FLEX STATES
Pickup delay: 0 to 60000 (ms, sec., min.) in steps of 1 Number: up to 256 logical variables grouped
Dropout delay: 0 to 60000 (ms, sec., min.) in steps of 1 under 16 Modbus addresses
Programmability: any logical variable, contact, or virtual
NON-VOLATILE LATCHES input
Type: Set-dominant or Reset-dominant
Number: 16 (individually programmed) USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS
Output: Stored in non-volatile memory Number: 48 plus Trip and Alarm

Execution sequence: As input prior to protection, control, and Programmability: from any logical variable, contact, or vir-
tual input
FlexLogic™
Reset mode: Self-reset or Latched
FLEXCURVES™
Number: 4 (A through D) USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS
Reset points: 40 (0 through 1 of pickup) Number of displays: 8

Operate points: 80 (1 through 20 of pickup) Lines of display: 2 × 20 alphanumeric characters

Time delay: 0 to 65535 ms in steps of 1 Parameters up to 5, any Modbus register addresses

USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS (OPTIONAL)
Number of pushbuttons: 12
Mode: Self-Reset, Latched
Display message: 2 lines of 20 characters each

2-10 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.2 SPECIFICATIONS

2.2.3 MONITORING

OSCILLOGRAPHY DATA LOGGER

Maximum records: 64 Number of channels: 1 to 16
Sampling rate: 64 samples per power cycle Parameters: Any available analog actual value
Triggers: Any element pickup, dropout or operate Sampling rate: 1 sec.; 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60 min.
Digital input change of state Storage capacity: (NN is dependent on memory)
Digital output change of state
FlexLogic™ equation
1-second rate: 01 channel for NN days
16 channels for NN days
2
Data: AC input channels ↓ ↓
Element state 60-minute rate: 01 channel for NN days
Digital input state 16 channels for NN days
Digital output state
Data storage: In non-volatile memory
FAULT LOCATOR
Method: Single-ended
EVENT RECORDER Maximum accuracy if: Fault resistance is zero or fault currents
Capacity: 1024 events from all line terminals are in phase
Time-tag: to 1 microsecond Relay accuracy: ±1.5% (V > 10 V, I > 0.1 pu)
Triggers: Any element pickup, dropout or operate Worst-case accuracy:
Digital input change of state VT%error + (user data)
Digital output change of state CT%error + (user data)
Self-test events ZLine%error + (user data)
Data storage: In non-volatile memory METHOD%error + (Chapter 6)
RELAY ACCURACY%error + (1.5%)

2.2.4 METERING

RMS CURRENT: PHASE, NEUTRAL, AND GROUND REACTIVE POWER (VARS)

Accuracy at Accuracy: ±1.0% of reading at –0.2 ≤ PF ≤ 0.2
0.1 to 2.0 × CT rating: ±0.25% of reading or ±0.1% of rated
(whichever is greater)
APPARENT POWER (VA)
> 2.0 × CT rating: ±1.0% of reading Accuracy: ±1.0% of reading

RMS VOLTAGE
Accuracy: ±0.5% of reading from 10 to 208 V FREQUENCY
Accuracy at
REAL POWER (WATTS) V = 0.8 to 1.2 pu: ±0.01 Hz (when voltage signal is used
Accuracy: ±1.0% of reading at for frequency measurement)
–0.8 < PF ≤ –1.0 and 0.8 < PF ≤ 1.0 I = 0.1 to 0.25 pu: ±0.05 Hz
I > 0.25 pu: ±0.02 Hz (when current signal is used for
frequency measurement)

2.2.5 INPUTS

AC CURRENT AC VOLTAGE
CT rated primary: 1 to 50000 A VT rated secondary: 50.0 to 240.0 V
CT rated secondary: 1 A or 5 A by connection VT ratio: 1.00 to 24000.00
Nominal frequency: 20 to 65 Hz Nominal frequency: 20 to 65 Hz
Relay burden: < 0.2 VA at rated secondary Relay burden: < 0.25 VA at 120 V
Conversion range: Conversion range: 1 to 275 V
Standard CT module: 0.02 to 46 × CT rating RMS symmetrical Voltage withstand: continuous at 260 V to neutral
Sensitive Ground module: 1 min./hr at 420 V to neutral
0.002 to 4.6 × CT rating RMS symmetrical
Current withstand: 20 ms at 250 times rated
CONTACT INPUTS
Dry contacts: 1000 Ω maximum
1 sec. at 100 times rated
continuous at 3 times rated Wet contacts: 300 V DC maximum
Selectable thresholds: 16 V, 30 V, 80 V, 140 V
Recognition time: < 1 ms
Debounce timer: 0.0 to 16.0 ms in steps of 0.5

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 2-11

 2.2 SPECIFICATIONS 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

DCMA INPUTS RTD INPUTS

Current input (mA DC): 0 to –1, 0 to +1, –1 to +1, 0 to 5, 0 to 10, Types (3-wire): 100 Ω Platinum, 100 & 120 Ω Nickel, 10
0 to 20, 4 to 20 (programmable) Ω Copper
Input impedance: 379 Ω ±10% Sensing current: 5 mA
Conversion range: –1 to + 20 mA DC Range: –50 to +250°C
Accuracy: ±0.2% of full scale Accuracy: ±2°C
Type: Passive Isolation: 36 V pk-pk

2 IRIG-B INPUT
Amplitude modulation: 1 to 10 V pk-pk
DC shift: TTL
Input impedance: 22 kΩ

2.2.6 POWER SUPPLY

LOW RANGE ALL RANGES

Nominal DC voltage: 24 to 48 V at 3 A Volt withstand: 2 × Highest Nominal Voltage for 10 ms
Min/max DC voltage: 20 / 60 V Voltage loss hold-up: 50 ms duration at nominal
NOTE: Low range is DC only. Power consumption: Typical = 35 VA; Max. = 75 VA
HIGH RANGE INTERNAL FUSE
Nominal DC voltage: 125 to 250 V at 0.7 A RATINGS
Min/max DC voltage: 88 / 300 V Low range power supply: 7.5 A / 600 V
Nominal AC voltage: 100 to 240 V at 50/60 Hz, 0.7 A High range power supply: 5 A / 600 V
Min/max AC voltage: 88 / 265 V at 48 to 62 Hz INTERRUPTING CAPACITY
AC: 100 000 A RMS symmetrical
DC: 10 000 A

2.2.7 OUTPUTS

FORM-A RELAY FAST FORM-C RELAY

Make and carry: 0.1 A max. (resistive load)
Make and carry for 0.2 sec.: 30 A as per ANSI C37.90
Minimum load impedance:
Carry continuous: 6A
Break at L/R of 40 ms: 0.25 A DC max. INPUT IMPEDANCE
VOLTAGE
Operate time: < 4 ms 2 W RESISTOR 1 W RESISTOR
Contact material: Silver alloy 250 V DC 20 KΩ 50 KΩ
120 V DC 5 KΩ 2 KΩ
FORM-A VOLTAGE MONITOR
Applicable voltage: approx. 15 to 250 V DC 48 V DC 2 KΩ 2 KΩ

Trickle current: approx. 1 to 2.5 mA 24 V DC 2 KΩ 2 KΩ

Note: values for 24 V and 48 V are the same due to a
FORM-A CURRENT MONITOR required 95% voltage drop across the load impedance.
Threshold current: approx. 80 to 100 mA
Operate time: < 0.6 ms
FORM-C AND CRITICAL FAILURE RELAY INTERNAL LIMITING RESISTOR:
Make and carry for 0.2 s: 10 A Power: 2 watts
Carry continuous: 6A Resistance: 100 ohms
Break at L/R of 40 ms: 0.1 A DC max.
CONTROL POWER EXTERNAL OUTPUT
Operate time: < 8 ms
(FOR DRY CONTACT INPUT)
Contact material: Silver alloy Capacity: 100 mA DC at 48 V DC
Isolation: ±300 Vpk

2-12 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.2 SPECIFICATIONS

2.2.8 COMMUNICATIONS

RS232 ETHERNET PORT

Front port: 19.2 kbps, Modbus® RTU 10BaseF: 820 nm, multi-mode, supports half-
duplex/full-duplex fiber optic with ST
RS485 connector
1 or 2 rear ports: Up to 115 kbps, Modbus® RTU, isolated
together at 36 Vpk Redundant 10BaseF: 820 nm, multi-mode, half-duplex/full-

Typical distance: 1200 m

Power budget:
duplex fiber optic with ST connector
10 db
2
Max optical Ip power: –7.6 dBm
Typical distance: 1.65 km
SNTP clock synchronization error: <10 ms (typical)

2.2.9 INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS

SHIELDED TWISTED-PAIR INTERFACE OPTIONS TYPICAL LINK DISTANCE

INTERFACE TYPE TYPICAL DISTANCE EMITTER TYPE FIBER TYPE CONNECTOR TYPICAL
TYPE DISTANCE
RS422 1200 m
820 nm LED Multimode ST 1.65 km
G.703 100 m
1300 nm LED Multimode ST 3.8 km
RS422 distance is based on transmitter power 1300 nm ELED Singlemode ST 11.4 km
NOTE and does not take into consideration the clock
1300 nm Laser Singlemode ST 64 km
source provided by the user.
1550 nm Laser Singlemode ST 105 km
LINK POWER BUDGET
EMITTER, TRANSMIT RECEIVED POWER Typical distances listed are based on the fol-
FIBER TYPE POWER SENSITIVITY BUDGET lowing assumptions for system loss. As
820 nm LED, –20 dBm –30 dBm 10 dB NOTE
actual losses will vary from one installation to
Multimode another, the distance covered by your system
1300 nm LED, –21 dBm –30 dBm 9 dB may vary.
Multimode
1300 nm ELED, –21 dBm –30 dBm 9 dB CONNECTOR LOSSES (TOTAL OF BOTH ENDS)
Singlemode ST connector 2 dB
1300 nm Laser, –1 dBm –30 dBm 29 dB FIBER LOSSES
Singlemode
820 nm multimode 3 dB/km
1550 nm Laser, +5 dBm –30 dBm 35 dB 1300 nm multimode 1 dB/km
Singlemode
1300 nm singlemode 0.35 dB/km
These Power Budgets are calculated from the 1550 nm singlemode 0.25 dB/km
NOTE manufacturer’s worst-case transmitter power Splice losses: One splice every 2 km,
and worst case receiver sensitivity. at 0.05 dB loss per splice.
MAXIMUM OPTICAL INPUT POWER SYSTEM MARGIN
EMITTER, FIBER TYPE MAX. OPTICAL 3 dB additional loss added to calculations to compensate for
INPUT POWER all other losses.
820 nm LED, Multimode –7.6 dBm
Compensated difference in transmitting and receiving (channel
1300 nm LED, Multimode –11 dBm asymmetry) channel delays using GPS satellite clock: 10 ms
1300 nm ELED, Singlemode –14 dBm
1300 nm Laser, Singlemode –14 dBm
1550 nm Laser, Singlemode –14 dBm

2.2.10 ENVIRONMENTAL

OPERATING TEMPERATURES OTHER

Cold: IEC 60028-2-1, 16 h at –40°C Humidity (noncondensing): IEC 60068-2-30, 95%, Variant 1, 6
Dry Heat: IEC 60028-2-2, 16 h at 85°C days
Altitude: Up to 2000 m
Installation Category: II

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 2-13

 2.2 SPECIFICATIONS 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.2.11 TYPE TESTS

Electrical fast transient: ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1 Conducted RFI: IEC 61000-4-6

IEC 61000-4-4 Voltage dips/interruptions/variations:
IEC 60255-22-4 IEC 61000-4-11
Oscillatory transient: ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1 IEC 60255-11
IEC 61000-4-12 Power frequency magnetic field immunity:
Insulation resistance: IEC 60255-5 IEC 61000-4-8
2 Dielectric strength: IEC 60255-6 Vibration test (sinusoidal): IEC 60255-21-1
ANSI/IEEE C37.90 Shock and bump: IEC 60255-21-2
Electrostatic discharge: EN 61000-4-2
Type test report available upon request.
Surge immunity: EN 61000-4-5
RFI susceptibility: ANSI/IEEE C37.90.2 NOTE

IEC 61000-4-3
IEC 60255-22-3
Ontario Hydro C-5047-77

2.2.12 PRODUCTION TESTS

THERMAL
Products go through a 12 h burn-in process at 60°C

2.2.13 APPROVALS

APPROVALS CE:
UL approval pending LVD 73/23/EEC: IEC 1010-1
CSA approval pending EMC 81/336/EEC: EN 50081-2
EN 50082-2
Manufactured under an ISO9000 Registered system.

2.2.14 MAINTENANCE

Cleaning: Normally, cleaning is not required; but for

situations where dust has accumulated
on the faceplate display, a dry cloth can
be used.

2-14 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.1 DESCRIPTION

3 HARDWARE 3.1DESCRIPTION 3.1.1 PANEL CUTOUT

The relay is available as a 19-inch rack horizontal mount unit or as a reduced size (¾) vertical mount unit, with a removable
faceplate. The modular design allows the relay to be easily upgraded or repaired by a qualified service person. The face-
plate is hinged to allow easy access to the removable modules, and is itself removable to allow mounting on doors with lim-
ited rear depth. There is also a removable dust cover that fits over the faceplate, which must be removed when attempting
to access the keypad or RS232 communications port.
The vertical and horizontal case dimensions are shown below, along with panel cutout details for panel mounting. When
planning the location of your panel cutout, ensure that provision is made for the faceplate to swing open without interfer-
ence to or from adjacent equipment.
The relay must be mounted such that the faceplate sits semi-flush with the panel or switchgear door, allowing the operator
access to the keypad and the RS232 communications port. The relay is secured to the panel with the use of four screws
supplied with the relay.
3

e UR SERIES

Figure 3–1: D60 VERTICAL MOUNTING AND DIMENSIONS

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-1

 3.1 DESCRIPTION 3 HARDWARE

Figure 3–2: D60 VERTICAL SIDE MOUNTING INSTALLATION

3-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.1 DESCRIPTION

Figure 3–3: D60 VERTICAL SIDE MOUNTING REAR DIMENSIONS

Figure 3–4: D60 HORIZONTAL MOUNTING AND DIMENSIONS

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-3

 3.1 DESCRIPTION 3 HARDWARE

3.1.2 MODULE WITHDRAWAL / INSERTION

Module withdrawal and insertion may only be performed when control power has been removed from the
unit. Inserting an incorrect module type into a slot may result in personal injury, damage to the unit or con-
WARNING
nected equipment, or undesired operation!
Proper electrostatic discharge protection (i.e. a static strap) must be used when coming in contact with
modules while the relay is energized!
WARNING

The relay, being modular in design, allows for the withdrawal and insertion of modules. Modules must only be replaced with
like modules in their original factory configured slots.
The faceplate can be opened to the left, once the sliding latch on the right side has been pushed up, as shown in the figure
below. This allows for easy accessibility of the modules for withdrawal.
3

Figure 3–5: UR MODULE WITHDRAWAL/INSERTION

WITHDRAWAL: The ejector/inserter clips, located at the top and bottom of each module, must be pulled simultaneously to
release the module for removal. Before performing this action, control power must be removed from the relay. Record
the original location of the module to ensure that the same or replacement module is inserted into the correct slot.
INSERTION: Ensure that the correct module type is inserted into the correct slot position. The ejector/inserter clips
located at the top and at the bottom of each module must be in the disengaged position as the module is smoothly inserted
into the slot. Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis, engage the clips simultaneously. When the clips
have locked into position, the module will be fully inserted.
Type 9C and 9D CPU modules are equipped with 10BaseT and 10BaseF Ethernet connectors for communications.
These connectors must be individually disconnected from the module before the it can be removed from the chas-
NOTE
sis.

3-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.1 DESCRIPTION

3.1.3 REAR TERMINAL LAYOUT

837704AC.CDR

Figure 3–6: REAR TERMINAL VIEW

Do not touch any rear terminals while the relay is energized!
WARNING

The relay follows a convention with respect to terminal number assignments which are three characters long assigned in
order by module slot position, row number, and column letter. Two-slot wide modules take their slot designation from the
first slot position (nearest to CPU module) which is indicated by an arrow marker on the terminal block. See the following
figure for an example of rear terminal assignments.

Figure 3–7: EXAMPLE OF MODULES IN F & H SLOTS

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-5

 3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE

3.2WIRING 3.2.1 TYPICAL WIRING DIAGRAM

TRIPPING DIRECTION
TYPICAL CONFIGURATION
THE AC SIGNAL PATH IS CONFIGURABLE

A (5 Amp)

B
52 52
C

A B C

CURRENT
POLARIZATION
SOURCE

3
F 1b

F 2b

F 3b

F 4b

F 6a

F 7a
F 1a

F 2a

F 3a

F 4a

F 5a

F 8a
F 1c

F 2c

F 3c

F 4c

F 5c

F 6c

F 7c

F 8c
VX
VB

VC
VA

VX
VB

VC
IG5

IG1

VA
IG
IA5

IA1
IA

IB
IB5

IB1

IC5

IC

IC1

cally how to wire your own relay. Please refer to the following pages for examples to help you wire
The purpose of this diagram is to provide an example of how the relay is typically wired, not specifi-
CURRENT SUPV.
VOLT &
CURRENT INPUTS VOLTAGE INPUTS
8A / 8B

This diagram is based on the following order code: D60-A00-HCL-F8A-H6H-M6K-P6C-U6D-W6A.

H 7a CONTACT IN H 7a DIGITAL I/O 6H I H 1a TC1
H 7c CONTACT IN H 7c H1 H 1b
V
H 8a CONTACT IN H 8a H 1c
H 8c CONTACT IN H 8c I H 2a
H 7b COMMON H7b H2 H 2b
V

VOLTAGE SUPV.
H 8b SURGE H 2c
I H 3a TC2
H3 H 3b
V
H 3c
I H 4a
H4 H 4b
V
GE Power Management H 4c
I H 5a
H5 H 5b
D60 LINE DISTANCE RELAY V

I
H 5c
H 6a
H6 H 6b
V

your relay correctly based on your own relay configuration and order code.
H 6c
W 5a CONTACT IN W 5a DIGITAL I/O 6A I W1a
W 5c CONTACT IN W 5c W1 W1b
V
W 6a CONTACT IN W 6a W1c
W 6c CONTACT IN W 6c I W2a
W 5b COMMON W 5b W2 W2b
V
W2c
W 7a CONTACT IN W 7a
W3a
W7c CONTACT IN W 7c
W3 W3b
W 8a CONTACT IN W 8a
W3c
W 8c CONTACT IN W 8c
W4a
W7b COMMON W7b
W4 W4b
W 8b SURGE W4c
( DC ONLY )

P 1a
6C

P1 P 1b
P 1c
P 2a
P2 P 2b
U 1a CONTACT IN U1a P 2c
6D

U 1c CONTACT IN U1c P 3a
U 2a CONTACT IN U2a P3 P 3b
U 2c CONTACT IN U2c P 3c
U 1b COMMON U1b P 4a
P4 P 4b
U 3a CONTACT IN U3a
U 3c CONTACT IN U3c
P 4c
U 4a CONTACT IN U4a
P 5a
P5 P 5b
U 4c CONTACT IN U4c
U 3b COMMON U3b
P 5c
P 6a
U 5a CONTACT IN U5a P6 P 6b
U 5c CONTACT IN U5c P 6c
U 6a CONTACT IN U6a P 7a
U 6c CONTACT IN U6c P7
DIGITAL I/O

P 7b
U 5b COMMON U5b P 7c
U 7a CONTACT IN U7a P 8a
U 7c CONTACT IN U7c P8 P 8b PERSONAL
DIGITAL I/O

COMPUTER
U 8a CONTACT IN U8a P 8c
U 8c CONTACT IN U8c
M1a
6K

U 7b COMMON U7b
M1 M1b
U 8b SURGE
RS-232 M1c
M2a 9 PIN 25 PIN
DB-9 CONNECTOR
B 1b M2 M2b CONNECTOR
1

CRITICAL
B 1a (front) M2c 1 1 8
FAILURE
B 2b M3a TXD 2 2 3 RXD
B 3a 48 VDC M3 M3b RXD 3 3 2 TXD
POWER SUPPLY

B 3b OUTPUT M3c 4 4 20
DC
B5b HI M4a SGND 5 5 7 SGND
CONTROL M4
B 6b LO CONTACTS SHOWN M4b 6 6 6
AC or DC POWER
B 6a WITH NO M4c 7 7 4
Shielded B 8a SURGE CONTROL POWER M5a 8 8 5
twisted pairs B 8b FILTER M5 M5b 9 9 22
M5c
UR COMPUTER
D2a M6a
RS485
9A

D3a M6 M6b
COM 1
D4a COM M6c
D3b M7a
RS485
M7
DIGITAL I/O

D4b M7b
COM 2
D5b COM M7c
D5a M8a
IRIG-B M8
CPU

D6a M8b
Ground at D7b SURGE M8c
Device end
No. 10AWG GROUND BUS MODULE ARRANGEMENT 837712 .CDR
Minimum
X W V U T S R P N M L K J H G F D B
6 6 6 6 6 8 9 1
CAUTION

MODULES MUST BE
GROUNDED IF
I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O CT/VT CPU Power
TERMINAL IS
* * * * Supply
PROVIDED
(Rear View)
* Optional

Figure 3–8: TYPICAL WIRING DIAGRAM

3-6 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.2 WIRING

3.2.2 DIELECTRIC STRENGTH

The dielectric strength of UR module hardware is shown in the following table:

Table 3–1: DIELECTRIC STRENGTH OF UR MODULE HARDWARE
MODULE MODULE FUNCTION TERMINALS DIELECTRIC STRENGTH
TYPE (AC)
FROM TO
1 Power Supply High (+); Low (+); (–) Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 minute 1
1 Power Supply 48 V DC (+) and (–) Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 minute 1
1 Power Supply Relay Terminals Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 minute 1
2 Reserved for Future N/A N/A N/A
3 Reserved for Future N/A N/A N/A
4
5
Reserved for Future
Analog I/O
N/A
All except 8b
N/A
Chassis
N/A
< 50 V DC
3
6 Digital I/O All (See Precaution 2) Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 minute
8 CT/VT All Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 minute
9 CPU All except 7b Chassis < 50 VDC
1
See TEST PRECAUTION 1 below.

Filter networks and transient protection clamps are used in module hardware to prevent damage caused by high peak volt-
age transients, radio frequency interference (RFI) and electromagnetic interference (EMI). These protective components
can be damaged by application of the ANSI/IEEE C37.90 specified test voltage for a period longer than the specified one
minute. For testing of dielectric strength where the test interval may exceed one minute, always observe the following pre-
cautions:
1. The connection from ground to the Filter Ground (Terminal 8b) and Surge Ground (Terminal 8a) must be removed
before testing.
2. Some versions of the digital I/O module have a Surge Ground connection on Terminal 8b. On these module types, this
connection must be removed before testing.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-7

 3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE

3.2.3 CONTROL POWER

CONTROL POWER SUPPLIED TO THE RELAY MUST BE CONNECTED TO THE MATCHING POWER SUPPLY
RANGE OF THE RELAY. IF THE VOLTAGE IS APPLIED TO THE WRONG TERMINALS, DAMAGE MAY
CAUTION
OCCUR!
The D60 relay, like almost all electronic relays, contains electrolytic capacitors. These capacitors are well
known to be subject to deterioration over time if voltage is not applied periodically. Deterioration can be
NOTE
avoided by powering the relays up once a year.
The power supply module can be ordered with either of two possible voltage ranges. Each range has a dedicated input
connection for proper operation. The ranges are as shown below (see the Technical Specifications section for details):
• LO range: 24 to 48 V (DC only) nominal

3 • HI range: 125 to 250 V nominal

The power supply module provides power to the relay and supplies power for dry contact input connections.
The power supply module provides 48 V DC power for dry contact input connections and a critical failure relay (see TYPI-
CAL WIRING DIAGRAM). The critical failure relay is a Form-C that will be energized once control power is applied and the
relay has successfully booted up with no critical self-test failures. If on-going self-test diagnostic checks detect a critical fail-
ure (see MAJOR SELF-TEST ERRORS table in Chapter 7) or control power is lost, the relay will de-energize.

Figure 3–9: CONTROL POWER CONNECTION

3-8 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.2 WIRING

3.2.4 CT/VT MODULES

A CT/VT module may have voltage inputs on Channels 1 through 4 inclusive, or Channels 5 through 8 inclusive. Channels
1 and 5 are intended for connection to Phase A, and are labeled as such in the relay. Channels 2 and 6 are intended for
connection to Phase B, and are labeled as such in the relay. Channels 3 and 7 are intended for connection to Phase C and
are labeled as such in the relay. Channels 4 and 8 are intended for connection to a single phase source. If voltage, this
channel is labelled the auxiliary voltage (VX). If current, this channel is intended for connection to a CT between a system
neutral and ground, and is labelled the ground current (IG).

a) AC CURRENT TRANSFORMER INPUTS

VERIFY THAT THE CONNECTION MADE TO THE RELAY NOMINAL CURRENT OF 1 A OR 5 A MATCHES
THE SECONDARY RATING OF THE CONNECTED CTs. UNMATCHED CTs MAY RESULT IN EQUIPMENT
CAUTION
DAMAGE OR INADEQUATE PROTECTION.
The CT/VT module may be ordered with a standard ground current input that is the same as the phase current inputs (Type
3
8A) or with a sensitive ground input (Type 8B) which is 10 times more sensitive (see the Technical Specifications section for
more details). Each AC current input has an isolating transformer and an automatic shorting mechanism that shorts the
input when the module is withdrawn from the chassis. There are no internal ground connections on the current inputs. Cur-
rent transformers with 1 to 50000 A primaries and 1 A or 5 A secondaries may be used.
CT connections for both ABC and ACB phase rotations are identical as shown in the Typical Wiring Diagram.

b) AC VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER INPUTS

The phase voltage channels are used for most metering and protection purposes. The auxiliary voltage channel is used as
input for the Synchrocheck and Volts/Hertz features.
Substitute the tilde "~" symbol with the slot position of the module in the following figures.
~ 1b

~ 2b

~ 3b

~ 4b
~ 5a

~ 6a

~ 7a

~ 8a

~ 1a

~ 2a

~ 3a

~ 4a
~ 2c
~ 5c

~ 6c

~ 7c

~ 8c

~ 1c

~ 3c

~ 4c
VX
VB

VC
VA

VX
VB

VC

IG5

IG1
VA

IG
IA5

IA1
IA

IB
IB5

IB1

IC5

IC

IC1

VOLTAGE INPUTS CURRENT INPUTS

8A / 8B
827831A8-X5.CDR

Figure 3–10: CT/VT MODULE WIRING

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-9

 3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE

3.2.5 CONTACT INPUTS/OUTPUTS

Every digital input/output module has 24 terminal connections. They are arranged as 3 terminals per row, with 8 rows in
total. A given row of three terminals may be used for the outputs of one relay. For example, for Form-C relay outputs, the
terminals connect to the normally open (NO), normally closed (NC), and common contacts of the relay. For a Form-A out-
put, there are options of using current or voltage detection for feature supervision, depending on the module ordered. The
terminal configuration for contact inputs is different for the two applications. When a digital I/O module is ordered with con-
tact inputs, they are arranged in groups of four and use two rows of three terminals. Ideally, each input would be totally iso-
lated from any other input. However, this would require that every input have two dedicated terminals and limit the available
number of contacts based on the available number of terminals. So, although each input is individually optically isolated,
each group of four inputs uses a single common as a reasonable compromise. This allows each group of four outputs to be
supplied by wet contacts from different voltage sources (if required) or a mix of wet and dry contacts.
The tables and diagrams on the following pages illustrate the module types (6A, etc.) and contact arrangements that may
3 be ordered for the relay. Since an entire row is used for a single contact output, the name is assigned using the module slot
position and row number. However, since there are two contact inputs per row, these names are assigned by module slot
position, row number, and column position.
UR RELAY FORM-A OUTPUT CONTACTS
Some Form-A outputs include circuits to monitor the DC voltage across the output contact when it is open, and the DC cur-
rent through the output contact when it is closed. Each of the monitors contains a level detector whose output is set to logic
“On = 1” when the current in the circuit is above the threshold setting. The voltage monitor is set to “On = 1” when the cur-
rent is above about 1 to 2.5 mA, and the current monitor is set to “On = 1” when the current exceeds about 80 to 100 mA.
The voltage monitor is intended to check the health of the overall trip circuit, and the current monitor can be used to seal-in
the output contact until an external contact has interrupted current flow. The block diagrams of the circuits are below above
for the Form-A outputs with:
a) optional voltage monitor
b) optional current monitor
c) with no monitoring
If Idc ~ 80mA, Cont Op x Ion
~#a ~#a otherwise Cont Op x Ioff +

I I If Idc ~ 1mA, Cont Op x Von

otherwise Cont Op x Voff
If Idc ~ 1mA, Cont Op x Von
~#b + ~#b Load
otherwise Cont Op x Voff
V Load V
~#c ~#c
- -
a) Voltage with optional
current monitoring Voltage monitoring only Both voltage and current monitoring

If Idc ~ 80mA, Cont Op x Ion

~#a ~#a otherwise Cont Op x Ioff +

V V If Idc ~ 1mA, Cont Op x Von

otherwise Cont Op x Voff
If Idc ~ 80mA, Cont Op x Ion
~#b + ~#b Load
otherwise Cont Op x Ioff
I I
Load
~#c ~#c
- -
b) Current with optional
voltage monitoring Current monitoring only Both voltage and current monitoring
(external jumper a-b is required)

~#a

~#b +

Load
~#c
c) No monitoring -
827821A4.CDR
Figure 3–11: FORM-A CONTACT FUNCTIONS

3-10 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.2 WIRING

The operation of voltage and current monitors is reflected with the corresponding FlexLogic™ operands (Cont Op # Von,
Cont Op # Voff, Cont Op # Ion, and Cont Op # Ioff) which can be used in protection, control and alarm logic. The typical
application of the voltage monitor is Breaker Trip Circuit Integrity monitoring; a typical application of the Current monitor is
seal-in of the control command. Refer to the DIGITAL ELEMENTS section in Chapter 5 for an example of how Form-A con-
tacts can be applied for Breaker Trip Circuit Integrity Monitoring.
Relay contacts must be considered unsafe to touch when the unit is energized!! If the relay contacts need
to be used for low voltage accessible applications, it is the customer’s responsibility to ensure proper
WARNING
insulation levels!
USE OF FORM-A OUTPUTS IN HIGH IMPEDANCE CIRCUITS

NOTE For Form-A output contacts internally equipped with a voltage measuring cIrcuit across the contact, the circuit has
an impedance that can cause a problem when used in conjunction with external high input impedance monitoring
equipment such as modern relay test set trigger circuits. These monitoring circuits may continue to read the Form-
A contact as being closed after it has closed and subsequently opened, when measured as an impedance.
3
The solution to this problem is to use the voltage measuring trigger input of the relay test set, and connect the
Form-A contact through a voltage-dropping resistor to a DC voltage source. If the 48 V DC output of the power sup-
ply is used as a source, a 500 Ω, 10 W resistor is appropriate. In this configuration, the voltage across either the
Form-A contact or the resistor can be used to monitor the state of the output.
Wherever a tilde “~” symbol appears, substitute with the Slot Position of the module; wherever a number
sign "#" appears, substitute the contact number
NOTE

When current monitoring is used to seal-in the Form-A contact outputs, the FlexLogic™ Operand driving
the contact output should be given a reset delay of 10 ms to prevent damage of the output contact (in situ-
NOTE
ations when the element initiating the contact output is bouncing, at values in the region of the pickup
value).

Table 3–2: DIGITAL I/O MODULE ASSIGNMENTS

~6A I/O MODULE ~6B I/O MODULE ~6C I/O MODULE ~6D I/O MODULE
TERMINAL OUTPUT OR TERMINAL OUTPUT OR TERMINAL OUTPUT TERMINAL OUTPUT
ASSIGNMENT INPUT ASSIGNMENT INPUT ASSIGNMENT ASSIGNMENT
~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-C ~1a, ~1c 2 Inputs
~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-C ~2a, ~2c 2 Inputs
~3 Form-C ~3 Form-C ~3 Form-C ~3a, ~3c 2 Inputs
~4 Form-C ~4 Form-C ~4 Form-C ~4a, ~4c 2 Inputs
~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs ~5 Form-C ~5 Form-C ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs
~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Form-C ~6 Form-C ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs
~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7 Form-C ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs
~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8 Form-C ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

~6E I/O MODULE ~6F I/O MODULE ~6G I/O MODULE ~6H I/O MODULE
TERMINAL OUTPUT OR TERMINAL OUTPUT TERMINAL OUTPUT OR TERMINAL OUTPUT OR
ASSIGNMENT INPUT ASSIGNMENT ASSIGNMENT INPUT ASSIGNMENT INPUT
~1 Form-C ~1 Fast Form-C ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A
~2 Form-C ~2 Fast Form-C ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A
~3 Form-C ~3 Fast Form-C ~3 Form-A ~3 Form-A
~4 Form-C ~4 Fast Form-C ~4 Form-A ~4 Form-A
~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs ~5 Fast Form-C ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs ~5 Form-A
~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Fast Form-C ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Form-A
~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7 Fast Form-C ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs
~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8 Fast Form-C ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-11

 3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE

~6K I/O MODULE ~6L I/O MODULE ~6M I/O MODULE ~6N I/O MODULE
TERMINAL OUTPUT TERMINAL OUTPUT OR TERMINAL OUTPUT OR TERMINAL OUTPUT OR
ASSIGNMENT ASSIGNMENT INPUT ASSIGNMENT INPUT ASSIGNMENT INPUT
~1 Form-C ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A
~2 Form-C ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A
~3 Form-C ~3 Form-C ~3 Form-C ~3 Form-A
~4 Form-C ~4 Form-C ~4 Form-C ~4 Form-A
~5 Fast Form-C ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs ~5 Form-C ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs
~6 Fast Form-C ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Form-C ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs
~7 Fast Form-C ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs
~8 Fast Form-C ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

3
~6P I/O MODULE ~6R I/O MODULE ~6S I/O MODULE ~6T I/O MODULE
TERMINAL OUTPUT OR TERMINAL OUTPUT OR TERMINAL OUTPUT OR TERMINAL OUTPUT OR
ASSIGNMENT INPUT ASSIGNMENT INPUT ASSIGNMENT INPUT ASSIGNMENT INPUT
~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A
~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A
~3 Form-A ~3 Form-C ~3 Form-C ~3 Form-A
~4 Form-A ~4 Form-C ~4 Form-C ~4 Form-A
~5 Form-A ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs ~5 Form-C ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs
~6 Form-A ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Form-C ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs
~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs
~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

~6U I/O MODULE

TERMINAL OUTPUT OR
ASSIGNMENT INPUT
~1 Form-A
~2 Form-A
~3 Form-A
~4 Form-A
~5 Form-A
~6 Form-A
~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs
~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

3-12 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.2 WIRING

Figure 3–12: DIGITAL I/O MODULE WIRING (SHEET 1 OF 2)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-13

 3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE

Figure 3–13: DIGITAL I/O MODULE WIRING (SHEET 2 OF 2)

CORRECT POLARITY MUST BE OBSERVED FOR ALL CONTACT INPUT CONNECTIONS OR EQUIPMENT
DAMAGE MAY RESULT.
CAUTION

3-14 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.2 WIRING

A dry contact has one side connected to terminal B3b. This is the positive 48 V DC voltage rail supplied by the power sup-
ply module. The other side of the dry contact is connected to the required contact input terminal. Each contact input group
has its own common (negative) terminal which must be connected to the DC negative terminal (B3a) of the power supply
module. When a dry contact closes, a current of 1 to 3 mA will flow through the associated circuit.
A wet contact has one side connected to the positive terminal of an external DC power supply. The other side of this contact
is connected to the required contact input terminal. In addition, the negative side of the external source must be connected
to the relay common (negative) terminal of each contact input group. The maximum external source voltage for this
arrangement is 300 V DC.
The voltage threshold at which each group of four contact inputs will detect a closed contact input is programmable as
16 V DC for 24 V sources, 30 V DC for 48 V sources, 80 V DC for 110 to 125 V sources, and 140 V DC for 250 V sources.

(Dry) DIGITAL I/O 6B (Wet) DIGITAL I/O 6B

~ 7a + CONTACT IN
~ 7c + CONTACT IN
~ 8a + CONTACT IN
~ 7a
~ 7c
~ 8a
~ 7a + CONTACT IN ~ 7a
~ 7c + CONTACT IN ~ 7c
~ 8a + CONTACT IN ~ 8a
3
~ 8c + CONTACT IN ~ 8c 24-250V ~ 8c + CONTACT IN ~ 8c
~ 7b - COMMON ~ 7b ~ 7b - COMMON ~ 7b
~ 8b SURGE ~ 8b SURGE

B 1b
1

B 1a CRITICAL
FAILURE
B 2b
B 3a -
POWER SUPPLY

48 VDC
B 3b + OUTPUT
B 5b HI+
CONTROL
B 6b LO+
POWER
B 6a -
B 8a SURGE
B 8b FILTER

827741A4.CDR

Figure 3–14: DRY AND WET CONTACT INPUT CONNECTIONS

Wherever a tilde “~” symbol appears, substitute with the Slot Position of the module.

NOTE

Contact outputs may be ordered as Form-A or Form-C. The Form A contacts may be connected for external circuit supervi-
sion. These contacts are provided with voltage and current monitoring circuits used to detect the loss of DC voltage in the
circuit, and the presence of DC current flowing through the contacts when the Form-A contact closes. If enabled, the cur-
rent monitoring can be used as a seal-in signal to ensure that the Form-A contact does not attempt to break the energized
inductive coil circuit and weld the output contacts.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-15

 3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE

3.2.6 TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS

Transducer input/output modules can receive input signals from external dcmA output transducers (dcmA In) or resistance
temperature detectors (RTD). Hardware and software is provided to receive signals from these external transducers and
convert these signals into a digital format for use as required.
Every transducer input/output module has a total of 24 terminal connections. These connections are arranged as three ter-
minals per row with a total of eight rows. A given row may be used for either inputs or outputs, with terminals in column "a"
having positive polarity and terminals in column "c" having negative polarity. Since an entire row is used for a single input/
output channel, the name of the channel is assigned using the module slot position and row number.
Each module also requires that a connection from an external ground bus be made to Terminal 8b. The figure below illus-
trates the transducer module types (5C, 5E, and 5F) and channel arrangements that may be ordered for the relay.
Wherever a tilde “~” symbol appears, substitute with the Slot Position of the module.
3 NOTE

~ 1a Hot ~ 1a ~ 1a
5C

dcmA In ~ 1

5E

5F
RTD ~ 1 dcmA In ~ 1
~ 1c Comp ~ 1c ~ 1c
~ 1b Return for RTD ~1 & ~ 2 ~ 2a dcmA In ~ 2 ~ 2a dcmA In ~ 2
~ 2a Hot ~ 2c ~ 2c
RTD ~ 2
~ 2c Comp
~ 3a ~ 3a
~ 2b Return for RTD ~2 & ~ 3 ~ 3c dcmA In ~ 3 dcmA In ~ 3
~ 3c
~ 3a Hot ~ 4a ~ 4a
RTD ~ 3 dcmA In ~ 4 dcmA In ~ 4
~ 3c Comp ~ 4c ~ 4c
~ 3b Return for RTD ~3 & ~4
~ 5a Hot ~ 5a
~ 4a Hot RTD ~ 5 dcmA In ~ 5
RTD ~ 4 ~ 5c Comp ~ 5c
~ 4c Comp
~ 5b Return for RTD ~ 5 & ~ 6 ~ 6a
~ 4b Return for RTD ~4 & ~5 dcmA In ~ 6
~ 6a Hot ~ 6c
~ 6c RTD ~ 6
~ 5a Hot Comp
RTD ~ 5 ~ 7a

ANALOG I/O
~ 5c Comp ~ 6b Return for RTD ~ 6 & ~ 7 dcmA In ~ 7
~ 7c
~ 5b Return for RTD ~5 & ~ 6
~ 7a Hot ~ 8a
~ 6a Hot RTD ~ 7 dcmA In ~ 8
RTD ~ 6 ~ 7c Comp ~ 8c
~ 6c Comp
ANALOG I/O

~ 7b Return for RTD ~ 7 & ~ 8

~ 6b Return for RTD ~6 & ~ 7 ~ 8a Hot
~ 8b SURGE
RTD ~ 8
~ 7a Hot ~ 8c Comp
RTD ~ 7
~ 7c Comp
~ 8b
ANALOG I/O

Return for RTD

SURGE
~ 7b ~7 & ~ 8
~ 8a Hot
RTD ~ 8
~ 8c Comp

~ 8b SURGE 827831A8-X1.CDR

Figure 3–15: TRANSDUCER I/O MODULE WIRING

3-16 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.2 WIRING

3.2.7 RS232 FACEPLATE PROGRAM PORT

A 9 pin RS232C serial port is located on the relay’s faceplate for programming with a portable (personal) computer. All that
is required to use this interface is a personal computer running the URPC software provided with the relay. Cabling for the
RS232 port is shown in the following figure for both 9 pin and 25 pin connectors.
Note that the baud rate for this port is fixed at 19200 bps.

Figure 3–16: RS232 FACEPLATE PORT CONNECTION

3.2.8 CPU COMMUNICATION PORTS

In addition to the RS232 port on the faceplate, the relay provides the user with two additional communication port(s)
depending on the CPU module installed.

Table 3–3: CPU COMMUNICATION PORT OPTIONS

CPU TYPE COM 1 COM 2
9A RS485 RS485
9C 10BASE-F RS485
9D Redundant 10BASE-F RS485

D2a Tx Tx1
Rx 10BaseF NORMAL Rx110BaseF NORMAL
9C

9D

RS485 COM
9A

D3a 1
D4a COM
COM 1 10BaseT TEST ONLY Tx2
Rx210BaseF ALTERNATE COM
1
D3b D3b 10BaseT TEST ONLY
RS485 RS485
D4b D4b
COM 2 COM 2 D3b
D5b COM D5b COM RS485
D4b
D5a D5a COM 2
IRIG-B IRIG-B D5b COM
CPU
CPU

D6a D6a
D5a
D7b SURGE D7b SURGE IRIG-B
CPU

D6a
D7b SURGE GROUND

827831A8-X6.CDR

Figure 3–17: CPU MODULE COMMUNICATIONS WIRING

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-17

 3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE

a) RS485 PORTS
RS485 data transmission and reception are accomplished over a single twisted pair with transmit and receive data alternat-
ing over the same two wires. Through the use of these port(s), continuous monitoring and control from a remote computer,
SCADA system or PLC is possible.
To minimize errors from noise, the use of shielded twisted pair wire is recommended. Correct polarity must also be
observed. For instance, the relays must be connected with all RS485 “+” terminals connected together, and all RS485 “–”
terminals connected together. The COM terminal should be connected to the common wire inside the shield, when pro-
vided. To avoid loop currents, the shield should be grounded at one point only. Each relay should also be daisy chained to
the next one in the link. A maximum of 32 relays can be connected in this manner without exceeding driver capability. For
larger systems, additional serial channels must be added. It is also possible to use commercially available repeaters to
increase the number of relays on a single channel to more than 32. Star or stub connections should be avoided entirely.
Lightning strikes and ground surge currents can cause large momentary voltage differences between remote ends of the
3 communication link. For this reason, surge protection devices are internally provided at both communication ports. An iso-
lated power supply with an optocoupled data interface also acts to reduce noise coupling. To ensure maximum reliability, all
equipment should have similar transient protection devices installed.
Both ends of the RS485 circuit should also be terminated with an impedance as shown below.

TWISTED
RELAY
SHIELD
ZT (*) PAIR D2a RS485 +
DATA RS485 PORT DATA
D3a RS485 -

36V
COM
D7b SURGE
Required

CHASSIS GROUND
D4a COMP 485COM
SCADA/PLC/COMPUTER

GROUND SHIELD AT
SCADA/PLC/COMPUTER ONLY
OR AT UR RELAY ONLY

RELAY
(*) TERMINATING IMPEDANCE AT
D2a RS485 +
EACH END (TYPICALLY 120 Ohms and 1 nF)
D3a 485 -

D7b SURGE

D4a COMP 485COM

UP TO 32 DEVICES,
MAXIMUM 4000 FEET RELAY

ZT (*)
D2a 485 +

D3a 485 -

D7b SURGE

D4a COMP 485COM LAST DEVICE

827757A5.DWG

Figure 3–18: RS485 SERIAL CONNECTION

3-18 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.2 WIRING

b) 10BASE-F FIBER OPTIC PORT

ENSURE THE DUST COVERS ARE INSTALLED WHEN THE FIBER IS NOT IN USE. DIRTY OR SCRATCHED
CONNECTORS CAN LEAD TO HIGH LOSSES ON A FIBER LINK.
CAUTION
OBSERVING ANY FIBER TRANSMITTER OUTPUT MAY CAUSE INJURY TO THE EYE.

CAUTION

The fiber optic communication ports allow for fast and efficient communications between relays at 10 Mbps. Optical fiber
may be connected to the relay supporting a wavelength of 820 nanometers in multimode. Optical fiber is only available for
CPU types 9C and 9D. The 9D CPU has a 10BaseF transmitter and receiver for optical fiber communications and a second
pair of identical optical fiber transmitter and receiver for redundancy.
The optical fiber sizes supported include 50/125 µm, 62.5/125 µm and 100/140 µm. The fiber optic port is designed such
that the response times will not vary for any core that is 100 µm or less in diameter. For optical power budgeting, splices are
required every 1 km for the transmitter/receiver pair (the ST type connector contributes for a connector loss of 0.2 dB). 3
When splicing optical fibers, the diameter and numerical aperture of each fiber must be the same. In order to engage or dis-
engage the ST type connector, only a quarter turn of the coupling is required.

3.2.9 IRIG-B

GPS SATELLITE SYSTEM

GPS CONNECTION
OPTIONAL

IRIG-B RELAY
RG58/59 COAXIAL CABLE
TIME CODE
GENERATOR + D5a IRIG-B(+)
(DC SHIFT OR RECEIVER
AMPLITUDE MODULATED
SIGNAL CAN BE USED)
- D6a IRIG-B(-)

827756A4.CDR

TO OTHER DEVICES

Figure 3–19: IRIG-B CONNECTION

IRIG-B is a standard time code format that allows stamping of events to be synchronized among connected devices within
1 millisecond. The IRIG time code formats are serial, width-modulated codes which can be either DC level shifted or ampli-
tude modulated (AM). Third party equipment is available for generating the IRIG-B signal; this equipment may use a GPS
satellite system to obtain the time reference so that devices at different geographic locations can also be synchronized.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-19

 3.3 DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS 3 HARDWARE

3.3DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS 3.3.1 DESCRIPTION

The D60 Direct I/O feature makes use of the Type 7 series of commuinications modules. These modules are also used by
the L90 Line Differential Relay for inter-relay communications. The Direct I/O feature uses the communications channel(s)
provided by these modules to exchange digital state information between relays. This feature is available on all UR relays
models except for the L60 and L90 Line relays.
The communications channels are normally connected in a ring configuration as shown below. The transmitter of one mod-
ule is connected to the receiver of the next module. The transmitter of this second module is then connected to the receiver
of the next module in the ring. This is continued to form a communications ring. The figure below illustrates a ring of four UR
relays with the following connections: UR1-Tx to UR2-Rx, UR2-Tx to UR3-Rx, UR3-Tx to UR4-Rx, and UR4-Tx to UR1-Rx.
The maximum number of UR relays that can be connnected in a single ring is eight.

3
Tx
UR #1
Rx

Tx
UR #2
Rx

Tx
UR #3
Rx

Tx
UR #4
Rx
842006A1.CDR

Figure 3–20: DIRECT I/O SINGLE-CHANNEL CONNECTION

The following diagram shows the interconnection for dual-channel Type 7 communications modules. Two channel modules
allow for a redundant ring configuration. That is, two rings can be created to provide an additional independent data path.
The required connections are as follows: UR1-Tx1 to UR2-Rx1, UR2-Tx1 to UR3-Rx1, UR3-Tx1 to UR4-Rx1, and UR4-Tx1
to UR1-Rx1 for the first ring; and UR1-Tx2 to UR2-Rx2, UR2-Tx2 to UR3-Rx2, UR3-Tx2 to UR4-Rx2, and UR4-Tx2 to UR1-
Rx2 for the second ring.
Tx1

Rx1
UR #1
Tx2

Rx2

Tx1

Rx1
UR #2
Tx2

Rx2

Tx1

Rx1
UR #3
Tx2

Rx2

Tx1

Rx1
UR #4
Tx2

Rx2
842007A1.CDR

Figure 3–21: DIRECT I/O DUAL-CHANNEL CONNECTION

3-20 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.3 DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS

The interconnection requirements are described in further detail in this section for each specific variation of Type 7 commu-
nications module. These modules are listed in the following table. All fiber modules use ST type connectors.
Table 3–4: CHANNEL COMMUNICATION OPTIONS
MODULE SPECIFICATION
TYPE
7A 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel
7B 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel
7C 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel
7D 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel
7E Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 820 nm, multi-mode, LED
7F Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED
7G Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED
7Q Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER 3
7H 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels
7I 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels
7J 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels
7K 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channels
7L Ch 1 - RS422, Ch 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode, LED
7M Ch 1 - RS422, Ch 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED
7N Ch 1 - RS422, Ch 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED
7P Ch 1 - RS422, Ch 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER
7R G.703, 1 Channel
7S G.703, 2 Channels
7T RS422, 1 Channel
7W RS422, 2 Channels
72 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel
73 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channel
74 Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER
75 Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER

OBSERVING ANY FIBER TRANSMITTER OUTPUT MAY CAUSE INJURY TO THE EYE.
CAUTION

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-21

 3.3 DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS 3 HARDWARE

3.3.2 FIBER: LED & ELED TRANSMITTERS

The following figure shows the configuration for the 7A, 7B, 7C, 7H, 7I, and 7J fiber-only modules.
Module: 7A / 7B / 7C 7H / 7I / 7J
Connection Location: Slot X Slot X

RX1 RX1

TX1 TX1

3
RX2

TX2

1 Channel 2 Channels 831719A2.CDR

Figure 3–22: LED & ELED FIBER MODULES

3.3.3 FIBER-LASER TRANSMITTERS

The following figure shows the configuration for the 72, 73, 7D, and 7K fiber-laser module.

Module: 72/ 7D 73/ 7K

Connection Location: Slot X Slot X

TX1 TX1

RX1 RX1

TX2

RX2

1 Channel 2 Channels 831720A3.CDR

Figure 3–23: LASER FIBER MODULES

When using a LASER Interface, attenuators may be necessary to ensure that you do not exceed Maximum
Optical Input Power to the receiver.
WARNING

3-22 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.3 DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS

3.3.4 G.703 INTERFACE

a) DESCRIPTION
The following figure shows the 64K ITU G.703 co-directional interface configuration.
AWG 22 twisted shielded pair is recommended for external connections, with the shield grounded at only at one end. Con-
necting the shield to Pin # X1a or X6a grounds the shield since these pins are internally connected to ground. Thus, if Pin #
X1a or X6a is used, do not ground at the other end.
This interface module is protected by surge suppression devices.

X 1a Shld.

7R
X 1b Tx -
G.703
X 2a
X 2b
Rx -
Tx +
CHANNEL 1 3
X 3a Rx +
X 3b SURGE
X 6a Shld.
X 6b Tx -

L90 COMM.
X 7a Rx - G.703
CHANNEL 2
X 7b Tx +
X 8a Rx +
X 8b SURGE

Figure 3–24: G.703 INTERFACE CONFIGURATION

The following figure shows the typical pin interconnection between two G.703 interfaces. For the actual physical arrange-
ment of these pins, see the REAR TERMINAL ASSIGNMENTS section earlier in this chapter. All pin interconnections are
to be maintained for a connection to a multiplexer.

Shld. X 1a X 1a Shld.
7R

7R
Tx - X 1b X 1b Tx -
G.703 G.703
CHANNEL 1
Rx - X 2a X 2a Rx -
CHANNEL 1
Tx + X 2b X 2b Tx +
Rx + X 3a X 3a Rx +
SURGE X 3b X 3b SURGE
Shld. X 6a X 6a Shld.
Tx - X 6b X 6b Tx -
L90 COMM.

L90 COMM.
G.703 G.703
CHANNEL 2
Rx - X 7a X 7a Rx -
CHANNEL 2
Tx + X 7b X 7b Tx +
Rx + X 8a X 8a Rx +
SURGE X 8b X 8b SURGE

831727A1.CDR

Figure 3–25: TYPICAL PIN INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN TWO G.703 INTERFACES

Pin nomenclature may differ from one manufacturer to another. Therefore, it is not uncommon to see
pinouts numbered TxA, TxB, RxA and RxB. In such cases, it can be assumed that “A” is equivalent to “+”
NOTE
and “B” is equivalent to “–”.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-23

 3.3 DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS 3 HARDWARE

b) G.703 SELECTION SWITCH PROCEDURE

Step 1: Remove the G.703 module (7R or 7S):
The ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module, must be pulled simultaneously in
order to release the module for removal. Before performing this action, control power must be removed from
the relay. The original location of the module should be recorded to help ensure that the same or replacement
module is inserted into the correct slot.
Step 2: Remove the module cover screw.
Step 3: Remove the top cover by sliding it towards the rear and then lift it upwards.
Step 4: Set the Timing Selection Switches (Channel 1, Channel 2) to the desired timing modes.
Step 5: Replace the top cover and the cover screw.

3 Step 6: Re-insert the G.703 module:

Take care to ensure that the correct module type is inserted into the correct slot position. The ejector/inserter
clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module must be in the disengaged position as the module is
smoothly inserted into the slot. Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis, engage the clips
simultaneously. When the clips have locked into position, the module will be fully inserted.

Figure 3–26: G.703 TIMING SELECTION SWITCH SETTING

Table 3–5: G.703 TIMING SELECTIONS

SWITCHES FUNCTION
S1 OFF → Octet Timing Disabled
ON → Octet Timing 8 kHz
S5 & S6 S5 = OFF & S6 = OFF → Loop Timing Mode
S5 = ON & S6 = OFF → Internal Timing Mode
S5 = OFF & S6 = ON → Minimum Remote Loopback Mode
S5 = ON & S6 = ON → Dual Loopback Mode

3-24 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.3 DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS

c) OCTET TIMING (S1)

If Octet Timing is enabled (ON), this 8 kHz signal will be asserted during the violation of Bit 8 (LSB) necessary for connect-
ing to higher order systems. When L90's are connected back to back, Octet Timing should be disabled (OFF).

d) TIMING MODES (S5 & S6)

INTERNAL TIMING MODE:
System clock generated internally; therefore, the G.703 timing selection should be in the Internal Timing Mode for back to
back connections.

3
Figure 3–27: BACK TO BACK CONNECTION
For Back to Back Connections: Octet Timing (S1 = OFF); Timing Mode = Internal Timing (S5 = ON & S6 = OFF)
LOOP TIMING MODE:
System clock derived from the received line signal; therefore, the G.703 timing selection should be in Loop Timing Mode for
connections to higher order systems.

Figure 3–28: CONNECTION TO HIGHER ORDER SYSTEM

For connection to a higher order system (factory defaults): Octet Timing (S1 = ON);
Timing Mode = Loop Timing (S5 = OFF & S6 = OFF)

e) TEST MODES (S5 & S6)

MINIMUM REMOTE LOOPBACK MODE:
In Minimum Remote Loopback mode, the multiplexer is enabled to return the data from the external interface without any
processing to assist in diagnosing G.703 Line Side problems irrespective of clock rate. Data enters from the G.703 inputs,
passes through the data stabilization latch which also restores the proper signal polarity, passes through the multiplexer
and then returns to the transmitter. The Differential Received Data is processed and passed to the G.703 Transmitter mod-
ule after which point the data is discarded. The G.703 Receiver module is fully functional and continues to process data
and passes it to the Differential Manchester Transmitter module. Since timing is returned as it is received, the timing source
is expected to be from the G.703 line side of the interface.

DUAL LOOPBACK MODE:

In Dual Loopback Mode, the multiplexers are active and the functions of the circuit are divided into two with each Receiver/
Transmitter pair linked together to deconstruct and then reconstruct their respective signals. Differential Manchester data
enters the Differential Manchester Receiver module and then is returned to the Differential Manchester Transmitter module.
Likewise, G.703 data enters the G.703 Receiver module and is passed through to the G.703 Transmitter module to be

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-25

 3.3 DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS 3 HARDWARE

returned as G.703 data. Because of the complete split in the communications path and because, in each case, the clocks
are extracted and reconstructed with the outgoing data, in this mode there must be two independent sources of timing. One
source lies on the G.703 line side of the interface while the other lies on the Differential Manchester side of the interface.

3.3.5 RS422 INTERFACE

The following figure shows the RS422 2-Terminal interface configuration at 64K baud. AWG 22 twisted shielded pair is rec-
3 ommended for external connections. This interface module is protected by surge suppression devices which optically iso-
lated.
Shield Termination
The shield pins (6a and 7b) are internally connected to the ground pin (8a). Proper shield termination is as follows:
Site 1: Terminate shield to pins 6a and/or 7b.
Site 2: Terminate shield to ‘COM’ pin 2b.
The clock terminating impedance should match the impedance of the line.

NOTE

W 3b Tx - W7W
W 3a Rx -
RS422
W 2a Tx +
CHANNEL 1
W 4b Rx +
W 6a Shld.
W 5b Tx -
W 5a Rx -
RS422
W 4a Tx +
CHANNEL 2
W 6b Rx +
W 7b Shld.
L90 COMM.

W 7a +
CLOCK
W 8b -
W 2b com
W 8a SURGE

RS422.CDR
p/o 827831A6.CDR

Figure 3–29: RS422 INTERFACE CONFIGURATION

The following figure shows the typical pin interconnection between two RS422 interfaces. All pin interconnections are to be
maintained for a connection to a multiplexer.

Tx - W 3b W 3b Tx -
7T

7T

Rx - W 3a W 3a Rx -
RS422 RS422
Tx + W 2a W 2a Tx +
CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 1
Rx + W 4b W 4b Rx +
Shld. W 6a W 6a Shld.
L90 COMM.

L90 COMM.

+ W 7a W 7a +
CLOCK CLOCK
- W 8b W 8b -
com W 2b + W 2b com
SURGE W 8a W 8a SURGE
64 KHz
831728A3.CDR

Figure 3–30: TYPICAL PIN INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN TWO RS422 INTERFACES

3-26 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.3 DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS

a) RS422: TWO CHANNEL APPLICATIONS VIA MULTIPLEXERS

The RS422 Interface may be used for ‘1 channel’ or ‘2 channel’ applications over SONET/SDH and/or Multiplexed systems.
When used in 1 channel applications, the RS422 interface links to higher order systems in a typical fashion observing Tx,
Rx, and Send Timing connections. However, when used in 2 channel applications, certain criteria have to be followed due
to the fact that there is 1 clock input for the two RS422 channels. The system will function correctly if the following connec-
tions are observed and your Data Module has a feature called Terminal Timing. Terminal Timing is a common feature to
most Synchronous Data Units that allows the module to accept timing from an external source. Using the Terminal Timing
feature, 2 channel applications can be achieved if these connections are followed: The Send Timing outputs from the Multi-
plexer - Data Module 1, will connect to the Clock inputs of the UR - RS422 interface in the usual fashion. In addition, the
Send Timing outputs of Data Module 1 will also be paralleled to the Terminal Timing inputs of Data Module 2. By using this
configuration the timing for both Data Modules and both UR - RS422 channels will be derived from a single clock source.
As a result, data sampling for both of the UR - RS422 channels will be synchronized via the Send Timing leads on Data
Module 1 as shown in the following figure. If the Terminal Timing feature is not available or this type of connection is not
desired, the G.703 interface is a viable option that does not impose timing restrictions. 3
Data Module 1
Pin No. Signal Name
7W

Tx1(+) W 2a SD(A) - Send Data

Tx1(-) W 3b SD(B) - Send Data
RS422
Rx1(+) W 4b RD(A) - Received Data
CHANNEL 1
Rx1(-) W 3a RD(B) - Received Data
Shld. W 6a RS(A) - Request to Send (RTS)
+ W 7a RS(B) - Request to Send (RTS)
CLOCK
- W 8b RT(A) - Receive Timing
Tx2(+) W 4a RT(B) - Receive Timing
Tx2(-) W 5b CS(A) - Clear To Send
RS422
Rx2(+) W 6b CS(B) - Clear To Send
CHANNEL 2
L90 COMM.

Rx2(-) W 5a Local Loopback

Shld. W 7b Remote Loopback
com W 2b Signal Ground
SURGE W 8a ST(A) - Send Timing
ST(B) - Send Timing

Data Module 2
Pin No. Signal Name
TT(A) - Terminal Timing
TT(B) - Terminal Timing
SD(A) - Sand Data
SD(B) - Sand Data
RD(A) - Received Data
RD(B) - Received Data
RS(A) - Request to Send (RTS)
RS(B) - Request to Send (RTS)
CS(A) - Clear To Send
CS(B) - Clear To Send
Local Loopback
Remote Loopback
Signal Ground
ST(A) - Send Timing
ST(B) - Send Timing

831022A2.CDR

Figure 3–31: TIMING CONFIGURATION FOR RS422 2 CHANNEL - 3 TERMINAL APPLICATION

Data Module 1 provides timing to the L90 RS422 interface via the ST(A) and ST(B) outputs. Data Module 1 also provides
timing to Data Module 2 TT(A) and TT(B) inputs via the ST(A) and AT(B) outputs.
The Data Module Pin Numbers, in the figure above, have been omitted since they may vary depending on
the manufacturer.
NOTE

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-27

 3.3 DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS 3 HARDWARE

b) RS422: TRANSMIT TIMING

The RS422 Interface accepts one clock input for Transmit Timing. It is important that the rising edge of the 64 kHz Transmit
Timing clock of the Multiplexer Interface is sampling the data in the center of the Transmit Data window. Therefore, it is
important to confirm Clock and Data Transitions to ensure Proper System Operation. For example, the following figure
shows the positive edge of the Tx Clock in the center of the Tx Data bit.

Tx Clock

3
Tx Data

831733A1.CDR

Figure 3–32: CLOCK AND DATA TRANSITIONS

c) RS422: RECEIVE TIMING

The RS422 Interface utilizes NRZI-MARK Modulation Code and; therefore, does not rely on an Rx Clock to recapture data.
NRZI-MARK is an edge-type, invertible, self-clocking code.
To recover the Rx Clock from the data-stream, an integrated DPLL (Digital Phase Lock Loop) circuit is utilized. The DPLL is
driven by an internal clock, which is over-sampled 16X, and uses this clock along with the data-stream to generate a data
clock that can be used as the SCC (Serial Communication Controller) receive clock.

3-28 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 3 HARDWARE 3.3 DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS

3.3.6 RS422 & FIBER INTERFACE

The following figure shows the combined RS422 plus Fiber interface configuration at 64K baud. The 7L, 7M, 7N, 7P, and
74 modules are used in 2-terminal with a redundant channel or 3-terminal configurations where Channel 1 is employed via
the RS422 interface (possibly with a multiplexer) and Channel 2 via direct fiber.
AWG 22 twisted shielded pair is recommended for external RS422 connections and the shield should be grounded only at
one end. For the direct fiber channel, power budget issues should be addressed properly.

When using a LASER Interface, attenuators may be necessary to ensure that you do not exceed Maximum
Optical Input Power to the receiver.
WARNING

W 3b Tx1 -
3

W7L, M, N, P and 74
W 3a Rx1 -
RS422
W 2a Tx1 +
CHANNEL 1
W 4b Rx1 +
W 6a Shld.

Tx2
FIBER
CHANNEL 2
Rx2

L90 COMM.
W 7a + CLOCK
W 8b - (CHANNEL1)
W 2b com
W 8a SURGE
L907LMNP.CDR
P/O 827831A6.CDR

Figure 3–33: RS422 & FIBER INTERFACE CONFIGURATION

Connections shown above are for multiplexers configured as DCE (Data Communications Equipment)
units.
NOTE

3.3.7 G.703 & FIBER INTERFACE

The figure below shows the combined G.703 plus Fiber interface configuration at 64K baud. The 7E, 7F, 7G, 7Q, and 75
modules are used in configurations where Channel 1 is employed via the G.703 interface (possibly with a multiplexer) and
Channel 2 via direct fiber. AWG 22 twisted shielded pair is recommended for external G.703 connections connecting the
shield to Pin 1A at one end only. For the direct fiber channel, power budget issues should be addressed properly. See pre-
vious sections for more details on the G.703 and Fiber interfaces.

When using a LASER Interface, attenuators may be necessary to ensure that you do not exceed Maximum
Optical Input Power to the receiver.
WARNING

X 1a Shld.
W7E, F, G and Q

X 1b Tx -
G.703
X 2a Rx -
CHANNEL 1
X 2b Tx +
X 3a Rx +
X 3b SURGE
L90 COMM.

Tx2
FIBER
CHANNEL 2
Rx2

G703.CDR
P/O 827831A7.CDR

Figure 3–34: G.703 & FIBER INTERFACE CONFIGURATION

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 3-29

 3.3 DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS 3 HARDWARE

3-30 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.1 URPC® SOFTWARE INTERFACE

4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.1 URPC® SOFTWARE INTERFACE 4.1.1 GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

The URPC software provides a graphical user interface (GUI) as one of two human interfaces to a UR device. The alter-
nate human interface is implemented via the device’s faceplate keypad and display (see FACEPLATE INTERFACE section
in this chapter).
URPC provides a single facility to configure, monitor, maintain, and trouble-shoot the operation of relay functions, con-
nected over local or wide area communication networks. It can be used while disconnected (i.e. off-line) or connected (i.e.
on-line) to a UR device. In off-line mode, settings files can be created for eventual downloading to the device. In on-line
mode, you can communicate with the device in real-time.
The URPC software, provided with every D60 relay, can be run from any computer supporting Microsoft Windows® 95, 98,
or NT. This chapter provides a summary of the basic URPC software interface features. The URPC Help file provides
details for getting started and using the URPC software interface.

4.1.2 CREATING A SITE LIST

To start using the URPC program, a Site List must first be created. See the instructions in the URPC Help program under
the topic “Creating a Site List”.

4.1.3 URPC® SOFTWARE OVERVIEW 4

a) ENGAGING A COMMUNICATING DEVICE
The URPC software may be used in on-line mode (relay connected) to directly communicate with a UR relay. Communicat-
ing relays are organized and grouped by communication interfaces and into sites. Sites may contain any number of relays
selected from the UR product series.

b) USING SETTINGS FILES

The URPC software interface supports three ways of handling changes to relay settings:
• In off-line mode (relay disconnected) to create or edit relay settings files for later download to communicating relays.
• While connected to a communicating relay to directly modify any relay settings via relay data view windows, and then
save the settings to the relay.
• You can create/edit settings files and then write them to the relay while the interface is connected to the relay.
Settings files are organized on the basis of file names assigned by the user. A settings file contains data pertaining to the
following types of relay settings:
• Device Definition
• Product Setup
• System Setup
• FlexLogic™
• Grouped Elements
• Control Elements
• Inputs/Outputs
• Testing
Factory default values are supplied and can be restored after any changes.

c) CREATING / EDITING FLEXLOGIC™ EQUATIONS

You can create or edit a FlexLogic™ equation in order to customize the relay. You can subsequently view the automatically
generated logic diagram.

d) VIEWING ACTUAL VALUES

You can view real-time relay data such as input/output status and measured parameters.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 4-1

 4.1 URPC® SOFTWARE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES

e) VIEWING TRIGGERED EVENTS

While the interface is in either on-line or off-line mode, you can view and analyze data generated by triggered specified
parameters, via:
• Event Recorder facility
The event recorder captures contextual data associated with the last 1024 events, listed in chronological order from
most recent to oldest.
• Oscillography facility
The oscillography waveform traces and digital states are used to provide a visual display of power system and relay
operation data captured during specific triggered events.

f) CREATING INTERACTIVE SINGLE LINE DIAGRAMS

The URPC® software provides an icon-based interface facility for designing and monitoring electrical schematic diagrams
of sites employing UR relays.

g) FILE SUPPORT
• Execution

4 Any URPC file which is double clicked or opened will launch the application, or provide focus to the already opened
application. If the file was a settings file (*.urs) which had been removed from the Settings List tree menu, it will be
added back to the Settings List tree menu.
• Drag and Drop
The Site List and Settings List control bar windows are each mutually a drag source and a drop target for device-order-
code-compatible files or individual menu items. Also, the Settings List control bar window and any Windows Explorer
directory folder are each mutually a file drag source and drop target.
New files which are dropped into the Settings List window are added to the tree which is automatically sorted alphabet-
ically with respect to settings file names. Files or individual menu items which are dropped in the selected device menu
in the Site List window will automatically be sent to the on-line communicating device.

h) UR FIRMWARE UPGRADES
The firmware of a UR device can be upgraded, locally or remotely, via the URPC® software. The corresponding instructions
are provided by the URPC® Help program under the topic “Upgrading Firmware”.
Modbus addresses assigned to firmware modules, features, settings, and corresponding data items (i.e. default
values, min/max values, data type, and item size) may change slightly from version to version of firmware. The
NOTE
addresses are rearranged when new features are added or existing features are enhanced or modified. The
“EEPROM DATA ERROR” message displayed after upgrading/downgrading the firmware is a resettable, self-test
message intended to inform users that the Modbus addresses have changed with the upgraded firmware. This
message does not signal any problems when appearing after firmware upgrades.

4-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.1 URPC® SOFTWARE INTERFACE

4.1.4 URPC® SOFTWARE MAIN WINDOW

The URPC software main window supports the following primary display components:
a. Title bar which shows the pathname of the active data view
b. Main window menu bar
c. Main window tool bar
d. Site List control bar window
e. Settings List control bar window
f. Device data view window(s), with common tool bar
g. Settings File data view window(s), with common tool bar
h. Workspace area with data view tabs
i. Status bar

Figure 4–1: URPC SOFTWARE MAIN WINDOW

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 4-3

 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES

4.2FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4.2.1 FACEPLATE

The keypad/display/LED interface is one of two alternate human interfaces supported. The other alternate human interface
is implemented via the URPC software. The UR faceplate interface is available in two configurations: horizontal or vertical.
The faceplate interface consists of several functional panels.
The faceplate is hinged to allow easy access to the removable modules. There is also a removable dust cover that fits over
the faceplate which must be removed in order to access the keypad panel. The following two figures show the horizontal
and vertical arrangement of faceplate panels.

LED PANEL 1 LED PANEL 2 LED PANEL 3 DISPLAY

STATUS EVENT CAUSE

IN SERVICE VOLTAGE
TROUBLE CURRENT RESET
TEST MODE FREQUENCY
TRIP OTHER USER 1
ALARM PHASE A
PICKUP PHASE B USER 2
PHASE C
NEUTRAL/GROUND USER 3

MENU 7 8 9

4
HELP MESSAGE 4 5 6

ESCAPE 1 2 3

ENTER VALUE 0 . +/-

KEYPAD
Figure 4–2: UR HORIZONTAL FACEPLATE PANELS

DISPLAY

MENU 7 8 9

HELP MESSAGE 4 5 6

ESCAPE 1 2 3 KEYPAD
ENTER VALUE 0 . +/-

LED PANEL 3

LED PANEL 2

STATUS EVENT CAUSE

IN SERVICE VOLTAGE
TROUBLE CURRENT RESET
TEST MODE FREQUENCY
TRIP
ALARM
PICKUP
OTHER
PHASE A
PHASE B
USER 1

USER 2
LED PANEL 1
827830A1.CDR

PHASE C
NEUTRAL/GROUND USER 3

Figure 4–3: UR VERTICAL FACEPLATE PANELS

4-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE

4.2.2 LED INDICATORS

a) LED PANEL 1
This panel provides several LED indicators, several keys, and a communications port. The RESET key is used to reset any
latched LED indicator or target message, once the condition has been cleared (these latched conditions can also be reset
via the SETTINGS !" INPUT/OUTPUTS !" RESETTING menu). The USER keys are used by the Breaker Control feature. The
RS232 port is intended for connection to a portable PC.

STATUS EVENT CAUSE

IN SERVICE VOLTAGE
TROUBLE CURRENT RESET
TEST MODE FREQUENCY
TRIP OTHER USER 1
ALARM PHASE A
PICKUP PHASE B USER 2
PHASE C
NEUTRAL/GROUND USER 3

Figure 4–4: LED PANEL 1

STATUS INDICATORS:
• IN SERVICE: Indicates that control power is applied; all monitored inputs/outputs and internal systems are OK; the
4
relay has been programmed.
• TROUBLE: Indicates that the relay has detected an internal problem.
• TEST MODE: Indicates that the relay is in test mode.
• TRIP: Indicates that the selected FlexLogic™ operand serving as a Trip switch has operated. This indicator always
latches; the RESET command must be initiated to allow the latch to be reset.
• ALARM: Indicates that the selected FlexLogic™ operand serving as an Alarm switch has operated. This indicator is
never latched.
• PICKUP: Indicates that an element is picked up. This indicator is never latched.
EVENT CAUSE INDICATORS:
These indicate the input type that was involved in a condition detected by an element that is operated or has a latched flag
waiting to be reset.
• VOLTAGE: Indicates voltage was involved.
• CURRENT: Indicates current was involved.
• FREQUENCY: Indicates frequency was involved.
• OTHER: Indicates a composite function was involved.
• PHASE A: Indicates Phase A was involved.
• PHASE B: Indicates Phase B was involved.
• PHASE C: Indicates Phase C was involved.
• NEUTRAL/GROUND: Indicates neutral or ground was involved.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 4-5

 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES

b) LED PANELS 2 & 3

These panels provide 48 amber LED indicators whose operation is controlled by the user. Support for applying a custom-
ized label beside every LED is provided.
User customization of LED operation is of maximum benefit in installations where languages other than English are used to
communicate with operators. Refer to the USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDs section in Chapter 5 for the settings used to
program the operation of the LEDs on these panels.

Figure 4–5: LED PANELS 2 AND 3 (INDEX TEMPLATE)

4 c) DEFAULT LABELS FOR LED PANEL 2

The default labels are meant to represent:
• GROUP 1...6: The illuminated GROUP is the active settings group.
• BREAKER n OPEN: The breaker is open.
• BREAKER n CLOSED: The breaker is closed.
• BREAKER n TROUBLE: A problem related to the breaker has been detected.
• SYNCHROCHECK NO n IN-SYNCH: Voltages have satisfied the synchrocheck element.
• RECLOSE ENABLED: The recloser is operational.
• RECLOSE DISABLED: The recloser is not operational.
• RECLOSE IN PROGRESS: A reclose operation is in progress.
• RECLOSE LOCKED OUT: The recloser is not operational and requires a reset.
Firmware revisions 2.9x and earlier support eight user setting groups; revisions 3.0x and higher support
six setting groups. For convenience of users using earlier firmware revisions, the relay panel shows eight
NOTE
setting groups. Please note that the LEDs, despite their default labels, are fully user-programmable.
The relay is shipped with the default label for the LED panel 2. The LEDs, however, are not pre-programmed. To match the
pre-printed label, the LED settings must be entered as shown in the USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDs section of the SET-
TINGS chapter. The LEDs are fully user-programmable. The default labels can be replaced by user-printed labels for both
LED panels 2 and 3 as explained in the next section.

SETTINGS IN USE BREAKER 1 SYNCHROCHECK

GROUP 1 OPEN NO1 IN-SYNCH
GROUP 2 CLOSED NO2 IN-SYNCH
GROUP 3 TROUBLE
GROUP 4 RECLOSE
GROUP 5 BREAKER 2 ENABLED
GROUP 6 OPEN DISABLED
GROUP 7 CLOSED IN PROGRESS
GROUP 8 TROUBLE LOCKED OUT

Figure 4–6: LED PANEL 2 (DEFAULT LABELS)

4-6 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE

4.2.3 CUSTOM LABELING OF LEDS

a) INSTALLING CUSTOMIZED DISPLAY MODULE

Custom labeling of an LED-only panel is facilitated by downloading a ‘zip’ file from the following URL:
http://www.GEindustrial.com/multilin/support/ur/
This file provides templates and instructions for creating appropriate labeling for the LED panel. The following procedures
are contained in the downloadable file. The CorelDRAW panel-templates provide relative LED locations and located exam-
ple-text (x) edit boxes. The following procedure demonstrates how to install/uninstall the custom panel labeling.
1. Remove the clear LEXAN FRONT COVER (P/N: 1501-0014).

Push in
and gently lift
up the cover.
4
2. Pop out the LED MODULE and/or BLANK MODULE with a screwdriver as shown below. Be careful not to damage the
plastic.

( LED MODULE ) ( BLANK MODULE )

3. Place the left side of the customized module back to the front panel frame, then snap back the right side.
4. Put the clear LEXAN FRONT COVER back into place.

4.2.4 CUSTOMIZING THE DISPLAY MODULE

The following items are required to customize the UR display module:

• Black and white or color printer (color preferred)
• CorelDRAW version 5.0 or later software
• 1 each of: 8.5 x 11 white paper, exacto knife, ruler, custom display module (P/N: 1516-0069),
custom module cover (P/N: 1502-0015)
1. Open the LED panel customization template in CorelDRAW. Add text in places of the Xs on the template(s) with the
Edit > Text menu command. Delete the X place holders as required.Setup the print copy by selecting the File > Print
menu command and pressing the "Properties" button.
2. On the Page Setup tab, choose Paper Size: "Letter" and Orientation: "Landscape" and press "OK".
3. Click the "Options" button and select the Layout tab.
4. For Position and Size enable the "Center image" and "Maintain aspect ratio" check boxes and press "OK", then "OK"
once more to print.
5. From the printout, cut-out the BACKGROUND TEMPLATE from the three windows (use the cropmarks as a guide).

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 4-7

 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES

6. Put the BACKGROUND TEMPLATE on top of the custom display module (P/N: 1513-0069) and snap the clear cutome
module cover (P/N: 1502-0015) over it and the templates.

CUT

CUT OUT CUT OUT CUT OUT

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
CUT OUT CUT OUT CUT OUT

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
CUT OUT CUT OUT CUT OUT
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
CUT
CUT

CUT
BACKGROUND TEMPLATE BACKGROUND TEMPLATE BACKGROUND TEMPLATE

4 Figure 4–7: LED PANEL CUSTOMIZATION TEMPLATES (EXAMPLE)

4.2.5 DISPLAY

All messages are displayed on a 2 × 20 character vacuum fluorescent display to make them visible under poor lighting con-
ditions. An optional liquid crystal display (LCD) is also available. Messages are displayed in English and do not require the
aid of an instruction manual for deciphering. While the keypad and display are not actively being used, the display will
default to defined messages. Any high priority event driven message will automatically override the default message and
appear on the display.

4.2.6 KEYPAD

Display messages are organized into ‘pages’ under the following headings: Actual Values, Settings, Commands, and Tar-
gets. The key navigates through these pages. Each heading page is broken down further into logical subgroups.
The MESSAGE keys navigate through the subgroups. The VALUE keys scroll increment or decrement
numerical setting values when in programming mode. These keys also scroll through alphanumeric values in the text edit
mode. Alternatively, values may also be entered with the numeric keypad.
The key initiates and advance to the next character in text edit mode or enters a decimal point. The key may be
pressed at any time for context sensitive help messages. The key stores altered setting values.

4-8 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE

4.2.7 BREAKER CONTROL

The D60 can interface with associated circuit breakers. In many cases the application monitors the state of the breaker,
which can be presented on faceplate LEDs, along with a breaker trouble indication. Breaker operations can be manually
initiated from faceplate keypad or automatically initiated from a FlexLogic™ operand. A setting is provided to assign names
to each breaker; this user-assigned name is used for the display of related flash messages. These features are provided for
two breakers; the user may use only those portions of the design relevant to a single breaker, which must be breaker No. 1.
For the following discussion it is assumed the SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP !" BREAKERS ! BREAKER n ! BREAKER FUNC-
TION setting is "Enabled" for each breaker.

a) CONTROL MODE SELECTION & MONITORING

Installations may require that a breaker is operated in the three-pole only mode (3-Pole), or in the one and three-pole (1-
Pole) mode, selected by setting. If the mode is selected as 3-pole, a single input tracks the breaker open or closed position.
If the mode is selected as 1-Pole, all three breaker pole states must be input to the relay. These inputs must be in agree-
ment to indicate the position of the breaker.
For the following discussion it is assumed the SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP !" BREAKERS ! BREAKER n !" BREAKER
PUSH BUTTON CONTROL setting is "Enabled" for each breaker. The D60 has features required for single-pole operation.
Inputs that trip individual breaker poles and cause a breaker reclose are passed directly to this element.

b) FACEPLATE PUSHBUTTON (USER KEY) CONTROL 4

After the 30 minute interval during which command functions are permitted after a correct command password, the user
cannot open or close a breaker via the keypad. The following discussions begin from the not-permitted state.

c) CONTROL OF TWO BREAKERS

For the following example setup, the symbol “(Name)” represents the user-programmed variable name.

NOTE

For this application (setup shown below), the relay is connected and programmed for both breaker No. 1 and breaker No. 2.
The USER 1 key performs the selection of which breaker is to be operated by the USER 2 and USER 3 keys. The USER 2
key is used to manually close the breaker and the USER 3 key is used to manually open the breaker.

ENTER COMMAND This message appears when the USER 1, USER 2, or USER 3 key is pressed and a
PASSWORD COMMAND PASSWORD is required; i.e. if COMMAND PASSWORD is enabled and no com-
mands have been issued within the last 30 minutes.

Press USER 1 This message appears if the correct password is entered or if none is required. This mes-
To Select Breaker sage will be maintained for 30 seconds or until the USER 1 key is pressed again.

BKR1-(Name) SELECTED This message is displayed after the USER 1 key is pressed for the second time. Three
USER 2=CLS/USER 3=OP possible actions can be performed from this state within 30 seconds as per items (1), (2)
and (3) below:
(1)
USER 2 OFF/ON If the USER 2 key is pressed, this message appears for 20 seconds. If the USER 2 key is
To Close BKR1-(Name) pressed again within that time, a signal is created that can be programmed to operate an
output relay to close breaker No. 1.
(2)
USER 3 OFF/ON If the USER 3 key is pressed, this message appears for 20 seconds. If the USER 3 key is
To Open BKR1-(Name) pressed again within that time, a signal is created that can be programmed to operate an
output relay to open breaker No. 1.
(3)
BKR2-(Name) SELECTED If the USER 1 key is pressed at this step, this message appears showing that a different
USER 2=CLS/USER 3=OP breaker is selected. Three possible actions can be performed from this state as per (1),
(2) and (3). Repeatedly pressing the USER 1 key alternates between available breakers.
Pressing keys other than USER 1, 2 or 3 at any time aborts the breaker control function.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 4-9

 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES

d) CONTROL OF ONE BREAKER

For this application the relay is connected and programmed for breaker No. 1 only. Operation for this application is identical
to that described for two breakers.

4.2.8 MENUS

a) NAVIGATION
Press the key to select the desired header display page (top-level menu). The header title appears momentarily fol-
lowed by a header display page menu item. Each press of the key advances through the main heading pages as
illustrated below.
! ! !
ACTUAL VALUES SETTINGS COMMANDS TARGETS

" " " "

## ACTUAL VALUES ## SETTINGS ## COMMANDS No Active

## STATUS ## PRODUCT SETUP ## VIRTUAL INPUTS Targets

4 !
USER DISPLAYS
(when in use)
"

User Display 1

b) HIERARCHY
The setting and actual value messages are arranged hierarchically. The header display pages are indicated by double
scroll bar characters (##), while sub-header pages are indicated by single scroll bar characters (#). The header display
pages represent the highest level of the hierarchy and the sub-header display pages fall below this level. The MESSAGE
and keys move within a group of headers, sub-headers, setting values, or actual values. Continually pressing the
MESSAGE key from a header display displays specific information for the header category. Conversely, continually
pressing the MESSAGE key from a setting value or actual value display returns to the header display.

HIGHEST LEVEL LOWEST LEVEL (SETTING VALUE)

## SETTINGS # PASSWORD ACCESS LEVEL:

## PRODUCT SETUP # SECURITY Restricted

## SETTINGS
## SYSTEM SETUP

4-10 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE

c) EXAMPLE MENU NAVIGATION SCENARIO

## ACTUAL VALUES Press the key until the header for the first Actual Values page appears. This
## STATUS page contains system and relay status information. Repeatedly press the
MESSAGE keys to display the other actual value headers.
"
## SETTINGS Press the key until the header for the first page of Settings appears. This page
## PRODUCT SETUP contains settings to configure the relay.

"
## SETTINGS Press the MESSAGE key to move to the next Settings page. This page contains
## SYSTEM SETUP settings for System Setup. Repeatedly press the MESSAGE keys to display
the other setting headers and then back to the first Settings page header.
"
# PASSWORD From the Settings page one header (Product Setup), press the MESSAGE key
# SECURITY once to display the first sub-header (Password Security).
"
ACCESS LEVEL:
Restricted
Press the MESSAGE key once more and this will display the first setting for Pass-
word Security. Pressing the MESSAGE key repeatedly will display the remaining
4
" setting messages for this sub-header.
# PASSWORD Press the MESSAGE key once to move back to the first sub-header message.
# SECURITY
"
# DISPLAY Pressing the MESSAGE key will display the second setting sub-header associ-
# PROPERTIES ated with the Product Setup header.
"
FLASH MESSAGE Press the MESSAGE key once more and this will display the first setting for Dis-
TIME: 1.0 s play Properties.
"
DEFAULT MESSAGE To view the remaining settings associated with the Display Properties subheader,
INTENSITY: 25% repeatedly press the MESSAGE key. The last message appears as shown.

4.2.9 CHANGING SETTINGS

a) ENTERING NUMERICAL DATA

Each numerical setting has its own minimum, maximum, and increment value associated with it. These parameters define
what values are acceptable for a setting.

FLASH MESSAGE For example, select the SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" DISPLAY PROPERTIES ! FLASH
TIME: 1.0 s MESSAGE TIME setting.
"
MINIMUM: 0.5 Press the key to view the minimum and maximum values. Press the key
MAXIMUM: 10.0 again to view the next context sensitive help message.

Two methods of editing and storing a numerical setting value are available.
• 0 to 9 and (decimal point): The relay numeric keypad works the same as that of any electronic calculator. A num-
ber is entered one digit at a time. The leftmost digit is entered first and the rightmost digit is entered last. Pressing the
MESSAGE key or pressing the ESCAPE key, returns the original value to the display.
• VALUE : The VALUE key increments the displayed value by the step value, up to the maximum value
allowed. While at the maximum value, pressing the VALUE key again will allow the setting selection to continue
upward from the minimum value. The VALUE key decrements the displayed value by the step value, down to the

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 4-11

 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES

minimum value. While at the minimum value, pressing the VALUE key again will allow the setting selection to con-
tinue downward from the maximum value.

FLASH MESSAGE As an example, set the flash message time setting to 2.5 seconds. Press the appropriate
TIME: 2.5 s numeric keys in the sequence "2 . 5". The display message will change as the digits are
" being entered.
NEW SETTING Until the key is pressed, editing changes are not registered by the relay. There-
HAS BEEN STORED fore, press the key to store the new value in memory. This flash message will
momentarily appear as confirmation of the storing process. Numerical values which con-
tain decimal places will be rounded-off if more decimal place digits are entered than
specified by the step value.

b) ENTERING ENUMERATION DATA

Enumeration settings have data values which are part of a set, whose members are explicitly defined by a name. A set is
comprised of two or more members.

ACCESS LEVEL: For example, the selections available for ACCESS LEVEL are "Restricted", "Command",

4 Restricted "Setting", and "Factory Service".

Enumeration type values are changed using the VALUE keys. The VALUE key displays the next selection while
the VALUE key displays the previous selection.

ACCESS LEVEL: If the ACCESS LEVEL needs to be "Setting", press the VALUE keys until the
Setting proper selection is displayed. Press the key at any time for the context sensitive
help messages.
"
NEW SETTING Changes are not registered by the relay until the key is pressed. Pressing
HAS BEEN STORED stores the new value in memory. This flash message momentarily appears as confirma-
tion of the storing process.

c) ENTERING ALPHANUMERIC TEXT

Text settings have data values which are fixed in length, but user-defined in character. They may be comprised of upper
case letters, lower case letters, numerals, and a selection of special characters.
In order to allow the relay to be customized for specific applications, there are several places where text messages may be
programmed. One example is the MESSAGE SCRATCHPAD. To enter alphanumeric text messages, the following proce-
dure should be followed:
Example: to enter the text, “Breaker #1”
1. Press to enter text edit mode.
2. Press the VALUE or VALUE key until the character 'B' appears; press to advance the cursor to the next
position.
3. Repeat step 2 for the remaining characters: r,e,a,k,e,r, ,#,1.
4. Press to store the text.
5. If you have any problem, press the key to view the context sensitive help. Flash messages will sequentially
appear for several seconds each. For the case of a text setting message, the key displays how to edit and store
a new value.

4-12 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE

d) ACTIVATING THE RELAY

RELAY SETTINGS: When the relay is powered up, the TROUBLE indicator will be on, the IN SERVICE
Not Programmed indicator off, and this message displayed. This indicates that the relay is in the "Not
Programmed" state and is safeguarding (output relays blocked) against the installation
of a relay whose settings have not been entered. This message will remain until the
relay is explicitly put in the "Programmed" state.
To change the RELAY SETTINGS: "Not Programmed" mode to "Programmed", proceed as follows:
1. Press the key until the SETTINGS header flashes momentarily and the SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP message
appears on the display.
2. Press the MESSAGE key until the PASSWORD SECURITY message appears on the display.
3. Press the MESSAGE key until the INSTALLATION message appears on the display.
4. Press the MESSAGE key until the RELAY SETTINGS: Not Programmed message is displayed.

SETTINGS
4
"
## SETTINGS # PASSWORD
## PRODUCT SETUP # SECURITY
# DISPLAY
# PROPERTIES
# COMMUNICATIONS
#
↓

# USER-DEFINABLE
# DISPLAYS
# INSTALLATION RELAY SETTINGS:
# Not Programmed

5. After the RELAY SETTINGS: Not Programmed message appears on the display, press the VALUE key or the VALUE
key to change the selection to "Programmed".
6. Press the key.

RELAY SETTINGS: RELAY SETTINGS: NEW SETTING

Not Programmed Programmed HAS BEEN STORED

7. When the "NEW SETTING HAS BEEN STORED" message appears, the relay will be in "Programmed" state and the
IN SERVICE indicator will turn on.

e) ENTERING INITIAL PASSWORDS

To enter the initial SETTING (or COMMAND) PASSWORD, proceed as follows:
1. Press the key until the 'SETTINGS' header flashes momentarily and the ‘SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP’ mes-
sage appears on the display.
2. Press the MESSAGE key until the ‘ACCESS LEVEL:’ message appears on the display.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 4-13

 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES

3. Press the MESSAGE key until the ‘CHANGE SETTING (or COMMAND) PASSWORD:’ message appears on the
display.
SETTINGS

"
## SETTINGS # PASSWORD ACCESS LEVEL:
## PRODUCT SETUP # SECURITY Restricted
CHANGE COMMAND
PASSWORD: No
CHANGE SETTING
PASSWORD: No
ENCRYPTED COMMAND
PASSWORD: ----------
ENCRYPTED SETTING
PASSWORD: ----------

4 4. After the 'CHANGE...PASSWORD' message appears on the display, press the VALUE
change the selection to Yes.
key or the VALUE key to

5. Press the key and the display will prompt you to 'ENTER NEW PASSWORD'.
6. Type in a numerical password (up to 10 characters) and press the key.
7. When the 'VERIFY NEW PASSWORD' is displayed, re-type in the same password and press .
CHANGE SETTING
PASSWORD: No

CHANGE SETTING ENTER NEW

PASSWORD: Yes PASSWORD: ##########

VERIFY NEW
PASSWORD: ##########

NEW PASSWORD
HAS BEEN STORED
8. When the 'NEW PASSWORD HAS BEEN STORED' message appears, your new SETTING (or COMMAND) PASS-
WORD will be active.

f) CHANGING EXISTING PASSWORD

To change an existing password, follow the instructions in the previous section with the following exception. A message will
prompt you to type in the existing password (for each security level) before a new password can be entered.
In the event that a password has been lost (forgotten), submit the corresponding Encrypted Password from the PASS-
WORD SECURITY menu to the Factory for decoding.

4-14 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.1 OVERVIEW

5 SETTINGS 5.1OVERVIEW 5.1.1 SETTINGS MAIN MENU

## SETTINGS # PASSWORD
See page 5-7.
## PRODUCT SETUP # SECURITY
# DISPLAY
See page 5-8.
# PROPERTIES
# COMMUNICATIONS
See page 5-9.
#
# MODBUS USER MAP
See page 5-16.
#
# REAL TIME
See page 5-17.
# CLOCK
# FAULT REPORT
See page 5-17.
#
# OSCILLOGRAPHY
See page 5-18.
#
# DATA LOGGER
See page 5-20.
#
# USER-PROGRAMMABLE
See page 5-21.
# LEDS
# USER-PROGRAMMABLE
See page 5-22.
5
# PUSHBUTTONS
# FLEX STATE
See page 5-24.
# PARAMETERS
# USER-DEFINABLE
See page 5-24.
# DISPLAYS
# DIRECT I/O
See page 5-26.
#
# INSTALLATION
See page 5-30.
#

## SETTINGS # AC INPUTS
See page 5-31.
## SYSTEM SETUP #
# POWER SYSTEM
See page 5-32.
#
# SIGNAL SOURCES
See page 5-33.
#
# LINE
See page 5-35.
#
# BREAKERS
See page 5-36.
#
# FLEXCURVES
See page 5-39.
#

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-1

 5.1 OVERVIEW 5 SETTINGS

## SETTINGS # FLEXLOGIC
See page 5-60.
## FLEXLOGIC # EQUATION EDITOR
# FLEXLOGIC
See page 5-60.
# TIMERS
# FLEXELEMENTS
See page 5-61.
#
# NON-VOLATILE
See page 5-65.
# LATCHES

## SETTINGS # SETTING GROUP 1

See page 5-66.
## GROUPED ELEMENTS #
# SETTING GROUP 2
#
↓
↓

# SETTING GROUP 6
#

## SETTINGS # SETTING GROUPS

See page 5-132.
## CONTROL ELEMENTS #
5 # TRIP OUTPUT
See page 5-133.
#
# SYNCHROCHECK
See page 5-136.
#
# AUTORECLOSE
See page 5-140.
#
# DIGITAL ELEMENTS
See page 5-151.
#
# DIGITAL COUNTERS
See page 5-154.
#
# MONITORING
See page 5-156.
# ELEMENTS
# PILOT SCHEMES
See page 5-161.
#

## SETTINGS # CONTACT INPUTS

See page 5-177.
## INPUTS / OUTPUTS #
# VIRTUAL INPUTS
See page 5-179.
#
# CONTACT OUTPUTS
See page 5-180.
#
# VIRTUAL OUTPUTS
See page 5-180.
#
# REMOTE DEVICES
See page 5-181.
#

5-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.1 OVERVIEW

# REMOTE INPUTS
See page 5-182.
#
# REMOTE OUTPUTS
See page 5-183.
# DNA BIT PAIRS
# REMOTE OUTPUTS
See page 5-184.
# UserSt BIT PAIRS
# RESETTING
See page 5-184.
#
# DIRECT INPUTS
See page 5-185.
#
# DIRECT OUTPUTS
See page 5-185.
#

## SETTINGS # DCMA INPUTS

See page 5-188.
## TRANSDUCER I/O #
# RTD INPUTS
See page 5-189.
#

## SETTINGS TEST MODE

See page 5-190.
## TESTING FUNCTION:
# FORCE CONTACT
See page 5-190.
5
# INPUTS
# FORCE CONTACT
See page 5-190.
# OUTPUTS

5.1.2 INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTS

In the design of UR relays, the term “element” is used to describe a feature that is based around a comparator. The com-
parator is provided with an input (or set of inputs) that is tested against a programmed setting (or group of settings) to deter-
mine if the input is within the defined range that will set the output to logic 1, also referred to as “setting the flag”. A single
comparator may make multiple tests and provide multiple outputs; for example, the time overcurrent comparator sets a
Pickup flag when the current input is above the setting and sets an Operate flag when the input current has been at a level
above the pickup setting for the time specified by the time-current curve settings. All comparators, except the Digital Ele-
ment which uses a logic state as the input, use analog parameter actual values as the input.
Elements are arranged into two classes, GROUPED and CONTROL. Each element classed as a GROUPED element is
provided with six alternate sets of settings, in setting groups numbered 1 through 6. The performance of a GROUPED ele-
ment is defined by the setting group that is active at a given time. The performance of a CONTROL element is independent
of the selected active setting group.
The main characteristics of an element are shown on the element logic diagram. This includes the input(s), settings, fixed
logic, and the output operands generated (abbreviations used on scheme logic diagrams are defined in Appendix F).
Some settings for current and voltage elements are specified in per-unit (pu) calculated quantities:
pu quantity = (actual quantity) / (base quantity)
• For current elements, the ‘base quantity’ is the nominal secondary or primary current of the CT. Where the current
source is the sum of two CTs with different ratios, the ‘base quantity’ will be the common secondary or primary current
to which the sum is scaled (i.e. normalized to the larger of the 2 rated CT inputs). For example, if CT1 = 300 / 5 A and
CT2 = 100 / 5 A, then in order to sum these, CT2 is scaled to the CT1 ratio. In this case, the ‘base quantity’ will be 5 A
secondary or 300 A primary.
• For voltage elements, the ‘base quantity’ is the nominal secondary or primary voltage of the VT.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-3

 5.1 OVERVIEW 5 SETTINGS

Some settings are common to most elements and are discussed below:
• FUNCTION setting: This setting programs the element to be operational when selected as "Enabled". The factory
default is "Disabled". Once programmed to "Enabled", any element associated with the Function becomes active and
all options become available.
• NAME setting: This setting is used to uniquely identify the element.
• SOURCE setting: This setting is used to select the parameter or set of parameters to be monitored.
• PICKUP setting: For simple elements, this setting is used to program the level of the measured parameter above or
below which the pickup state is established. In more complex elements, a set of settings may be provided to define the
range of the measured parameters which will cause the element to pickup.
• PICKUP DELAY setting: This setting sets a time-delay-on-pickup, or on-delay, for the duration between the Pickup
and Operate output states.
• RESET DELAY setting: This setting is used to set a time-delay-on-dropout, or off-delay, for the duration between the
Operate output state and the return to logic 0 after the input transits outside the defined pickup range.
• BLOCK setting: The default output operand state of all comparators is a logic 0 or “flag not set”. The comparator
remains in this default state until a logic 1 is asserted at the RUN input, allowing the test to be performed. If the RUN
input changes to logic 0 at any time, the comparator returns to the default state. The RUN input is used to supervise
the comparator. The BLOCK input is used as one of the inputs to RUN control.
• TARGET setting: This setting is used to define the operation of an element target message. When set to Disabled, no
target message or illumination of a faceplate LED indicator is issued upon operation of the element. When set to Self-
Reset, the target message and LED indication follow the Operate state of the element, and self-resets once the oper-
ate element condition clears. When set to Latched, the target message and LED indication will remain visible after the
element output returns to logic 0 - until a RESET command is received by the relay.
5 • EVENTS setting: This setting is used to control whether the Pickup, Dropout or Operate states are recorded by the
event recorder. When set to Disabled, element pickup, dropout or operate are not recorded as events. When set to
Enabled, events are created for:
(Element) PKP (pickup)
(Element) DPO (dropout)
(Element) OP (operate)
The DPO event is created when the measure and decide comparator output transits from the pickup state (logic 1) to
the dropout state (logic 0). This could happen when the element is in the operate state if the reset delay time is not ‘0’.

5.1.3 INTRODUCTION TO AC SOURCES

a) BACKGROUND
The D60 may be used on systems with breaker-and-a-half or ring bus configurations. In these applications, each of the two
three-phase sets of individual phase currents (one associated with each breaker) can be used as an input to a breaker fail-
ure element. The sum of both breaker phase currents and 3I_0 residual currents may be required for the circuit relaying
and metering functions. For a three-winding transformer application, it may be required to calculate watts and vars for each
of three windings, using voltage from different sets of VTs. These requirements can be satisfied with a single UR, equipped
with sufficient CT and VT input channels, by selecting the parameter to measure. A mechanism is provided to specify the
AC parameter (or group of parameters) used as the input to protection/control comparators and some metering elements.
Selection of the parameter(s) to measure is partially performed by the design of a measuring element or protection/control
comparator by identifying the type of parameter (fundamental frequency phasor, harmonic phasor, symmetrical component,
total waveform RMS magnitude, phase-phase or phase-ground voltage, etc.) to measure. The user completes the process
by selecting the instrument transformer input channels to use and some of the parameters calculated from these channels.
The input parameters available include the summation of currents from multiple input channels. For the summed currents
of phase, 3I_0, and ground current, current from CTs with different ratios are adjusted to a single ratio before summation.
A mechanism called a "Source" configures the routing of input CT and VT channels to measurement sub-systems.
Sources, in the context of the UR family of relays, refer to the logical grouping of current and voltage signals such that one
Source contains all of the signals required to measure the load or fault in a particular power apparatus. A given Source may
contain all or some of the following signals: three-phase currents, single-phase ground current, three-phase voltages and
an auxiliary voltage from a single VT for checking for synchronism.

5-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.1 OVERVIEW

To illustrate the concept of Sources, as applied to current inputs only, consider the breaker-and-a-half scheme as illustrated
in the following figure. In this application, the current flows as shown by the labeled arrows. Some current flows through the
upper bus bar to some other location or power equipment, and some current flows into transformer winding 1. The current
into winding 1 of the power transformer is the phasor sum (or difference) of the currents in CT1 and CT2 (whether the sum
or difference is used, depends on the relative polarity of the CT connections). The same considerations apply to trans-
former winding 2. The protection elements need access to the net current for the protection of the transformer, but some
elements may need access to the individual currents from CT1 and CT2.

CT1 CT2
Through Current

WDG 1
UR Power
Platform
Transformer
WDG 2

CT3 CT4 827791A2.CDR

Figure 5–1: BREAKER-AND-A-HALF SCHEME 5

In conventional analog or electronic relays, the sum of the currents is obtained from an appropriate external connection of
all the CTs through which any portion of the current for the element being protected could flow. Auxiliary CTs are required to
perform ratio matching if the ratios of the primary CTs to be summed are not identical. In the UR platform, provisions have
been included for all the current signals to be brought to the UR device where grouping, ratio correction and summation are
applied internally via configuration settings.
A major advantage of using internal summation is that the individual currents are available to the protection device, as addi-
tional information to calculate a restraint current, for example, or to allow the provision of additional protection features that
operate on the individual currents such as breaker failure.
Given the flexibility of this approach, it becomes necessary to add configuration settings to the platform to allow the user to
select which sets of CT inputs will be added to form the net current into the protected device.
The internal grouping of current and voltage signals forms an internal Source. This Source can be given a specific name
through the settings, and becomes available to protection and metering elements in the UR platform. Individual names can
be given to each Source to help identify them more clearly for later use. For example, in the scheme shown in the above
diagram, the configures one Source to be the sum of CT1 and CT2 and can name this Source as "Wdg 1 Current".
Once the Sources have been configured, the user has them available as selections for the choice of input signal for the pro-
tection elements and as metered quantities.

b) CT/VT MODULE CONFIGURATIONS

CT and VT input channels are contained in CT/VT modules in UR products. The type of input channel can be phase/neu-
tral/other voltage, phase/ground current, or sensitive ground current. The CT/VT modules calculate total waveform RMS
levels, fundamental frequency phasors, symmetrical components and harmonics for voltage or current, as allowed by the
hardware in each channel. These modules may calculate other parameters as directed by the CPU module.
A CT/VT module can contain up to eight input channels, numbered 1 through 8. The channel numbering in a CT/VT module
corresponds to the module terminal numbering 1 through 8 and is arranged as follows: channels 1, 2, 3 and 4 are always
provided as a group, hereafter called a "bank," and all four are either current or voltage, as are channels 5, 6, 7 and 8.
Channels 1, 2, 3 and 5, 6, 7 are arranged as phase A, B and C respectively. Channels 4 and 8 are either another current or
voltage.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-5

 5.1 OVERVIEW 5 SETTINGS

Banks are ordered sequentially from the block of lower-numbered channels to the block of higher-numbered channels, and
from the CT/VT module with the lowest slot position letter to the module with the highest slot position letter, as follows:
INCREASING SLOT POSITION LETTER -->
CT/VT MODULE 1 CT/VT MODULE 2 CT/VT MODULE 3
< bank 1 > < bank 3 > < bank 5 >
< bank 2 > < bank 4 > < bank 6 >

The UR platform allows for a maximum of three sets of three-phase voltages and six sets of three-phase currents. The
result of these restrictions leads to the maximum number of CT/VT modules in a chassis to three. The maximum number of
Sources is six. A summary of CT/VT module configurations is shown below.
ITEM MAXIMUM NUMBER
CT/VT Module 3
CT Bank (3 phase channels, 1 ground channel) 6
VT Bank (3 phase channels, 1 auxiliary channel) 3

c) CT/VT INPUT CHANNEL CONFIGURATION SETTINGS

Upon relay startup, configuration settings for every bank of current or voltage input channels in the relay are automatically
generated from the order code. Within each bank, a channel identification label is automatically assigned to each bank of
channels in a given product. The ‘bank’ naming convention is based on the physical location of the channels, required by
the user to know how to connect the relay to external circuits. Bank identification consists of the letter designation of the slot
in which the CT/VT module is mounted as the first character, followed by numbers indicating the channel, either 1 or 5.
For three-phase channel sets, the number of the lowest numbered channel identifies the set. For example, F1 represents

5 the three-phase channel set of F1/F2/F3, where F is the slot letter and 1 is the first channel of the set of three channels.
Upon startup, the CPU configures the settings required to characterize the current and voltage inputs, and will display them
in the appropriate section in the sequence of the banks (as described above) as shown below for a maximum configuration:
F1, F5, M1, M5, U1, U5.
The above section explains how the input channels are identified and configured to the specific application instrument
transformers and the connections of these transformers. The specific parameters to be used by each measuring element
and comparator, and some actual values are controlled by selecting a specific Source. The Source is a group of current
and voltage input channels selected by the user to facilitate this selection. With this mechanism, a user does not have to
make multiple selections of voltage and current for those elements that need both parameters, such as a distance element
or a watt calculation. It also gathers associated parameters for display purposes.
The basic idea of arranging a Source is to select a point on the power system where information is of interest. An applica-
tion example of the grouping of parameters in a Source is a transformer winding, on which a three phase voltage is mea-
sured, and the sum of the currents from CTs on each of two breakers is required to measure the winding current flow.

5-6 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

5.2PRODUCT SETUP 5.2.1 PASSWORD SECURITY

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP ! PASSWORD SECURITY

# PASSWORD ACCESS LEVEL: Range: Restricted, Command, Setting,

# SECURITY Restricted Factory Service (for factory use only)

CHANGE COMMAND Range: No, Yes

MESSAGE
PASSWORD: No
CHANGE SETTING Range: No, Yes
MESSAGE
PASSWORD: No
ENCRYPTED COMMAND Range: 0 to 9999999999
MESSAGE Note: ---------- indicates no password
PASSWORD: ----------
ENCRYPTED SETTING Range: 0 to 9999999999
MESSAGE Note: ---------- indicates no password
PASSWORD: ----------

Two levels of password security are provided: Command and Setting. Operations under password supervision are:
• COMMAND: operating the breakers via faceplate keypad
changing the state of virtual inputs
clearing the event records
clearing the oscillography records
clearing fault reports
changing the date and time
clearing the breaker arcing amps
clearing the data logger 5
• SETTING: changing any setting
test mode operation
The Command and Setting passwords are defaulted to "Null" when the relay is shipped from the factory. When a password
is set to "Null", the password security feature is disabled.
Programming a password code is required to enable each access level. A password consists of 1 to 10 numerical charac-
ters. When a CHANGE ... PASSWORD setting is set to "Yes", the following message sequence is invoked:
1. ENTER NEW PASSWORD: ____________
2. VERIFY NEW PASSWORD: ____________
3. NEW PASSWORD HAS BEEN STORED
To gain write access to a "Restricted" setting, set ACCESS LEVEL to "Setting" and then change the setting, or attempt to
change the setting and follow the prompt to enter the programmed password. If the password is correctly entered, access
will be allowed. If no keys are pressed for longer than 30 minutes or control power is cycled, accessibility will automatically
revert to the "Restricted" level.
If an entered password is lost (or forgotten), consult the factory with the corresponding ENCRYPTED PASSWORD.
If the SETTING and COMMAND passwords are identical, this one password allows access to both commands
and settings.
NOTE

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-7

 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

5.2.2 DISPLAY PROPERTIES

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" DISPLAY PROPERTIES

# DISPLAY FLASH MESSAGE Range: 0.5 to 10.0 s in steps of 0.1

# PROPERTIES TIME: 1.0 s
DEFAULT MESSAGE Range: 10 to 900 s in steps of 1
MESSAGE
TIMEOUT: 300 s
DEFAULT MESSAGE Range: 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%
MESSAGE Visible only if a VFD is installed
INTENSITY: 25 %
SCREEN SAVER Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE Visible only if an LCD is installed
FEATURE: Disabled
SCREEN SAVER Range: 1 to 65535 min. in steps of 1
MESSAGE Visible only if an LCD is installed
WAIT TIME: 30 min
CURRENT CUT-OFF Range: 0.002 to 0.020 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
LEVEL: 0.020 pu
VOLTAGE CUT-OFF Range: 0.1 to 1.0 V secondary in steps of 0.1
MESSAGE
LEVEL: 1.0 V

Some relay messaging characteristics can be modified to suit different situations using the display properties settings.
• FLASH MESSAGE TIME: Flash messages are status, warning, error, or information messages displayed for several
seconds in response to certain key presses during setting programming. These messages override any normal mes-
5 sages. The duration of a flash message on the display can be changed to accommodate different reading rates.
• DEFAULT MESSAGE TIMEOUT: If the keypad is inactive for a period of time, the relay automatically reverts to a
default message. The inactivity time is modified via this setting to ensure messages remain on the screen long enough
during programming or reading of actual values.
• DEFAULT MESSAGE INTENSITY: To extend phosphor life in the vacuum fluorescent display, the brightness can be
attenuated during default message display. During keypad interrogation, the display always operates at full brightness.
• SCREEN SAVER FEATURE and SCREEN SAVER WAIT TIME: These settings are only visible if the D60 has a liquid
crystal display (LCD) and control its backlighting. When the SCREEN SAVER FEATURE is "Enabled", the LCD backlighting
is turned off after the DEFAULT MESSAGE TIMEOUT followed by the SCREEN SAVER WAIT TIME, providing that no keys
have been pressed and no target messages are active. When a keypress occurs or a target becomes active, the LCD
backlighting is turned on.
• CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL: This setting modifies the current cut-off threshold. Very low currents (1 to 2% of the
rated value) are very susceptible to noise. Some customers prefer very low currents to display as zero, while others
prefer the current be displayed even when the value reflects noise rather than the actual signal. The D60 applies a cut-
off value to the magnitudes and angles of the measured currents. If the magnitude is below the cut-off level, it is substi-
tuted with zero. This applies to phase and ground current phasors as well as true RMS values and symmetrical compo-
nents. The cut-off operation applies to quantities used for metering, protection, and control, as well as those used by
communications protocols. Note that the cut-off level for the sensitive ground input is 10 times lower that the CURRENT
CUT-OFF LEVEL setting value. Raw current samples available via oscillography are not subject to cut-off.

• VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL: This setting modifies the voltage cut-off threshold. Very low secondary voltage measure-
ments (at the fractional volt level) can be affected by noise. Some customers prefer these low voltages to be displayed
as zero, while others prefer the voltage to be displayed even when the value reflects noise rather than the actual sig-
nal. The D60 applies a cut-off value to the magnitudes and angles of the measured voltages. If the magnitude is below
the cut-off level, it is substituted with zero. This operation applies to phase and auxiliary voltages, and symmetrical
components. The cut-off operation applies to quantities used for metering, protection, and control, as well as those
used by communications protocols. Raw samples of the voltages available via oscillography are not subject cut-off.
Lower the VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL and CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL with care as the relay accepts lower signals
as valid measurements. Unless dictated otherwise by a specific application, the default settings of "0.02
NOTE
pu" for CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL and "1.0 V" for VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL are recommended.

5-8 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

5.2.3 COMMUNICATIONS

a) SERIAL PORTS
PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICATIONS ! SERIAL PORTS

# COMMUNICATIONS
#

# SERIAL PORTS
#

RS485 COM1 BAUD Range: 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 28800, 33600,
MESSAGE 38400, 57600, 115200. Only active if CPU 9A is ordered.
RATE: 19200

RS485 COM1 PARITY: Range: None, Odd, Even

MESSAGE Only active if CPU Type 9A is ordered
None

RS485 COM1 RESPONSE Range: 0 to 1000 ms in steps of 10

MESSAGE Only active if CPU Type 9A is ordered
MIN TIME: 0 ms

RS485 COM2 BAUD Range: 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 28800, 33600,
MESSAGE 38400, 57600, 115200
RATE: 19200

RS485 COM2 PARITY: Range: None, Odd, Even

MESSAGE
None

RS485 COM2 RESPONSE Range: 0 to 1000 ms in steps of 10

MESSAGE
MIN TIME: 0 ms

The D60 is equipped with up to 3 independent serial communication ports. The faceplate RS232 port is intended for local
5
use and has fixed parameters of 19200 baud and no parity. The rear COM1 port type will depend on the CPU ordered: it
may be either an Ethernet or an RS485 port. The rear COM2 port is RS485. The RS485 ports have settings for baud rate
and parity. It is important that these parameters agree with the settings used on the computer or other equipment that is
connected to these ports. Any of these ports may be connected to a personal computer running URPC. This software is
used for downloading or uploading setting files, viewing measured parameters, and upgrading the relay firmware to the lat-
est version. A maximum of 32 relays can be daisy-chained and connected to a DCS, PLC or PC using the RS485 ports.
For each RS485 port, the minimum time before the port will transmit after receiving data from a host can be
set. This feature allows operation with hosts which hold the RS485 transmitter active for some time after
NOTE
each transmission.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-9

 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

b) NETWORK
PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICATIONS !" NETWORK

# COMMUNICATIONS
#

# NETWORK
#

IP ADDRESS: Range: Standard IP address format

MESSAGE Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.
0.0.0.0

SUBNET IP MASK: Range: Standard IP address format

MESSAGE Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.
0.0.0.0

GATEWAY IP ADDRESS: Range: Standard IP address format

MESSAGE Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.
0.0.0.0

# OSI NETWORK Note: Press the MESSAGE ! key to enter the OSI NETWORK
MESSAGE ADDRESS. Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.
# ADDRESS (NSAP)

ETHERNET OPERATION Range: Half-Duplex, Full-Duplex

MESSAGE Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.
MODE: Half-Duplex

ETHERNET PRI LINK Range: Disabled, Enabled

MESSAGE Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.
MONITOR: Disabled

ETHERNET SEC LINK Range: Disabled, Enabled

MESSAGE
5 MONITOR: Disabled Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.

The Network setting messages will appear only if the UR is ordered with an Ethernet card. The Ethernet Primary and Sec-
ondary Link Monitor settings allow internal self test targets to be triggered when either the Primary or Secondary ethernet
fibre link status indicates a connection loss. The IP addresses are used with DNP/Network, Modbus/TCP, MMS/UCA2, IEC
60870-5-104, TFTP, and HTTP (web server) protocols. The NSAP address is used with the MMS/UCA2 protocol over the
OSI (CLNP/TP4) stack only. Each network protocol has a setting for the TCP/UDP PORT NUMBER. These settings are used
only in advanced network configurations. They should normally be left at their default values, but may be changed if
required; for example, to allow access to multiple URs behind a router. By setting a different TCP/UCP Port Number for a
given protocol on each UR, the router can map the URs to the same external IP address. The client software (URPC, for
example) must be configured to use the correct port number if these settings are used.
When the NSAP address, any TCP/UDP Port Number, or any User Map setting (when used with DNP) is changed,
it will not become active until power to the relay has been cycled (OFF/ON).
NOTE
Do not set more than one protocol to use the same TCP/UDP Port Number, as this will result in unreliable
operation of those protocols.
WARNING

5-10 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

c) MODBUS PROTOCOL
PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICATIONS !" MODBUS PROTOCOL

# COMMUNICATIONS
#

# MODBUS PROTOCOL
#

MODBUS SLAVE Range: 1 to 254 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
ADDRESS: 254

MODBUS TCP PORT Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
NUMBER: 502

The serial communication ports utilize the Modbus protocol, unless configured for DNP operation (see DNP PROTOCOL
below). This allows the URPC program to be used. UR relays operate as Modbus slave devices only. When using Modbus
protocol on the RS232 port, the D60 will respond regardless of the MODBUS SLAVE ADDRESS programmed. For the RS485
ports each D60 must have a unique address from 1 to 254. Address 0 is the broadcast address which all Modbus slave
devices listen to. Addresses do not have to be sequential, but no two devices can have the same address or conflicts
resulting in errors will occur. Generally, each device added to the link should use the next higher address starting at 1.
Refer to Appendix B for more information on the Modbus protocol.

d) DNP PROTOCOL
PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICATIONS !" DNP PROTOCOL

# COMMUNICATIONS
# 5
# DNP PROTOCOL
#

DNP PORT: Range: NONE, COM1 - RS485, COM2 - RS485, FRONT PANEL -
MESSAGE RS232, NETWORK
NONE

DNP ADDRESS: Range: 0 to 65519 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
255

# DNP NETWORK Note: Press the MESSAGE ! key to enter the DNP NETWORK
MESSAGE CLIENT ADDRESSES
# CLIENT ADDRESSES

DNP TCP/UDP PORT Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
NUMBER: 20000

DNP UNSOL RESPONSE Range: Enabled, Disabled

MESSAGE
FUNCTION: Disabled

DNP UNSOL RESPONSE Range: 0 to 60 s in steps of 1

MESSAGE
TIMEOUT: 5 s

DNP UNSOL RESPONSE Range: 1 to 255 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
MAX RETRIES: 10

DNP UNSOL RESPONSE Range: 0 to 65519 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
DEST ADDRESS: 1

USER MAP FOR DNP Range: Enabled, Disabled

MESSAGE
ANALOGS: Disabled

NUMBER OF SOURCES Range: 1 to 2 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
IN ANALOG LIST: 1

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-11

 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

DNP CURRENT SCALE Range: 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000

MESSAGE
FACTOR: 1

DNP VOLTAGE SCALE Range: 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000

MESSAGE
FACTOR: 1

DNP POWER SCALE Range: 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000

MESSAGE
FACTOR: 1

DNP ENERGY SCALE Range: 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000

MESSAGE
FACTOR: 1

DNP OTHER SCALE Range: 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000

MESSAGE
FACTOR: 1

DNP CURRENT DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
DEADBAND: 30000

DNP VOLTAGE DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
DEADBAND: 30000

DNP POWER DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
DEADBAND: 30000

DNP ENERGY DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
DEADBAND: 30000

DNP OTHER DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE

5 DEADBAND: 30000
Range: 1 to 10080 min. in steps of 1
DNP TIME SYNC IIN
MESSAGE
PERIOD: 1440 min

DNP MESSAGE FRAGMENT Range: 30 to 2048 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
SIZE: 240

# DNP BINARY INPUTS

MESSAGE
# USER MAP

The D60 supports the Distributed Network Protocol (DNP) version 3.0. The D60 can be used as a DNP slave device con-
nected to a single DNP master (usually either an RTU or a SCADA master station). Since the D60 maintains one set of
DNP data change buffers and connection information, only one DNP master should actively communicate with the D60 at
one time. The DNP PORT setting is used to select the communications port assigned to the DNP protocol. DNP can be
assigned to a single port only. Once DNP is assigned to a serial port, the Modbus protocol is disabled on that port. Note that
COM1 can be used only in non-ethernet UR relays. When this setting is set to NETWORK, the DNP protocol can be used
over either TCP/IP or UDP/IP. Refer to Appendix E for more information on the DNP protocol.
The DNP ADDRESS setting is the DNP slave address. This number identifies the D60 on a DNP communications link. Each
DNP slave should be assigned a unique address.
The DNP NETWORK CLIENT ADDRESS settings can force the D60 to respond to a maximum of five specific DNP masters.
The DNP UNSOL RESPONSE FUNCTION should be set to "Disabled" for RS485 applications since there is no collision avoid-
ance mechanism.
The DNP UNSOL RESPONSE TIMEOUT sets the time the D60 waits for a DNP master to confirm an unsolicited response.
The DNP UNSOL RESPONSE MAX RETRIES setting determines the number of times the D60 will retransmit an unsolicited
response without receiving a confirmation from the master. A value of 255 allows infinite re-tries.
The DNP UNSOL RESPONSE DEST ADDRESS setting is the DNP address to which all unsolicited responses are sent. The IP
address to which unsolicited responses are sent is determined by the D60 from either the current DNP TCP connection or
the most recent UDP message.

5-12 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

The USER MAP FOR DNP ANALOGS setting allows the large pre-defined Analog Inputs points list to be replaced by the much
smaller Modbus User Map. This can be useful for users wishing to read only selected Analog Input points from the D60.
See Appendix E for more information
The NUMBER OF SOURCES IN ANALOG LIST setting allows the selection of the number of current/voltage source values that
are included in the Analog Inputs points list. This allows the list to be customized to contain data for only the sources that
are configured. This setting is relevant only when the User Map is not used.
The DNP SCALE FACTOR settings are numbers used to scale Analog Input point values. These settings group the D60 Ana-
log Input data into types: current, voltage, power, energy, and other. Each setting represents the scale factor for all Analog
Input points of that type. For example, if the DNP VOLTAGE SCALE FACTOR setting is set to a value of 1000, all DNP Analog
Input points that are voltages will be returned with values 1000 times smaller (e.g. a value of 72000 V on the D60 will be
returned as 72). These settings are useful when Analog Input values must be adjusted to fit within certain ranges in DNP
masters. Note that a scale factor of 0.1 is equivalent to a multiplier of 10 (i.e. the value will be 10 times larger).
The DNP DEFAULT DEADBAND settings are the values used by the D60 to determine when to trigger unsolicited responses
containing Analog Input data. These settings group the D60 Analog Input data into types: current, voltage, power, energy,
and other. Each setting represents the default deadband value for all Analog Input points of that type. For example, in order
to trigger unsolicited responses from the D60 when any current values change by 15 A, the DNP CURRENT DEFAULT DEAD-
BAND setting should be set to 15. Note that these settings are the default values of the deadbands. DNP object 34 points
can be used to change deadband values, from the default, for each individual DNP Analog Input point. Whenever power is
removed and re-applied to the D60, the default deadbands will be in effect.
The DNP TIME SYNC IIN PERIOD setting determines how often the "Need Time" Internal Indication (IIN) bit is set by the D60.
Changing this time allows the DNP master to send time synchronization commands more or less often, as required.
The DNP MESSAGE FRAGMENT SIZE setting determines the size, in bytes, at which message fragmentation occurs. Large
fragment sizes allow for more efficient throughput; smaller fragment sizes cause more application layer confirmations to be
necessary which can provide for more robust data transfer over noisy communication channels.
5
The DNP BINARY INPUTS USER MAP setting allows for the creation of a custom DNP Binary Inputs points list. The default
DNP Binary Inputs list on the D60 contains 928 points representing various binary states (contact inputs and outputs, vir-
tual inputs and outputs, protection element states, etc.). If not all of these points are required in the DNP master, a custom
Binary Inputs points list can be created by selecting up to 58 blocks of 16 points. Each block represents 16 Binary Input
points. Block 1 represents Binary Input points 0 to 15, block 2 represents Binary Input points 16 to 31, block 3 represents
Binary Input points 32 to 47, etc. The minimum number of Binary Input points that can be selected is 16 (1 block). If all of
the BIN INPUT BLOCK X settings are set to "Not Used", the standard list of 928 points will be in effect. The D60 will form the
Binary Inputs points list from the BIN INPUT BLOCK X settings up to the first occurrence of a setting value of "Not Used".
When using either of the User Maps for DNP data points (Analog Inputs and/or Binary Inputs), for UR relays
with the ethernet option installed, check the "DNP Points Lists" D60 web page to ensure the desired points
NOTE
lists have been created. This web page can be viewed using Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator by
entering the D60 IP address to access the D60 "Main Menu", then by selecting the "Device Information
Menu", and then selecting the "DNP Points Lists".

e) UCA/MMS PROTOCOL
PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICATIONS !" UCA/MMS PROTOCOL

# COMMUNICATIONS
#

# UCA/MMS PROTOCOL
#

DEFAULT GOOSE UPDATE Range: 1 to 60 s in steps of 1

MESSAGE See UserSt BIT PAIRS in the REMOTE OUTPUTS section.
TIME: 60 s

UCA LOGICAL DEVICE: Range: Up to 16 alphanumeric characters representing the name of

MESSAGE the UCA logical device.
UCADevice

UCA/MMS TCP PORT Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
NUMBER: 102

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-13

 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

The D60 supports the Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) protocol as specified by the Utility Communication
Architecture (UCA). UCA/MMS is supported over two protocol stacks: TCP/IP over ethernet and TP4/CLNP (OSI) over eth-
ernet. The D60 operates as a UCA/MMS server. Appendix C describes the UCA/MMS protocol implementation in greater
detail. The REMOTE INPUTS / OUTPUT sections of Chapter 5 describe the peer-to-peer GOOSE message scheme. The
UCA LOGICAL DEVICE setting represents the MMS domain name (UCA logical device) where all UCA objects are located.

f) WEB SERVER HTTP PROTOCOL

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICATIONS !" WEB SERVER HTTP PROTOCOL

# COMMUNICATIONS
#

# WEB SERVER
# HTTP PROTOCOL

HTTP TCP PORT Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
NUMBER: 80

The D60 contains an embedded web server. That is, the D60 is capable of transferring web pages to a web browser such
as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator. This feature is available only if the D60 has the ethernet option
installed. The web pages are organized as a series of menus that can be accessed starting at the D60 "Main Menu". Web
pages are available showing DNP and IEC 60870-5-104 points lists, Modbus registers, Event Records, Fault Reports, etc.
The web pages can be accessed by connecting the UR and a computer to an ethernet network. The Main Menu will be dis-
played in the web browser on the computer simply by entering the IP address of the D60 into the "Address" box on the web
browser.

5 g) TFTP PROTOCOL
PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICATIONS !" TFTP PROTOCOL

# COMMUNICATIONS
#

# TFTP PROTOCOL
#

TFTP MAIN UDP PORT Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
NUMBER: 69

TFTP DATA UDP PORT 1 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
NUMBER: 0

TFTP DATA UDP PORT 2 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
NUMBER: 0

The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) can be used to transfer files from the UR over a network. The D60 operates as a
TFTP server. TFTP client software is available from various sources, including Microsoft Windows NT. The file "dir.txt" is an
ASCII text file that can be transferred from the D60. This file contains a list and description of all the files available from the
UR (event records, oscillography, etc.).

5-14 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

h) IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICATIONS !" IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL

# COMMUNICATIONS
#

# IEC 60870-5-104
# PROTOCOL

IEC 60870-5-104 Range: Enabled, Disabled

MESSAGE
FUNCTION: Disabled

IEC TCP PORT Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
NUMBER: 2404

IEC COMMON ADDRESS Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
OF ASDU: 0

IEC CYCLIC DATA Range: 1 to 65535 s in steps of 1

MESSAGE
PERIOD: 60 s

NUMBER OF SOURCES Range: 1 to 2 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
IN MMENC1 LIST: 1

IEC CURRENT DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
THRESHOLD: 30

IEC VOLTAGE DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
THRESHOLD: 30000
5
IEC POWER DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1
MESSAGE
THRESHOLD: 30000

IEC ENERGY DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
THRESHOLD: 30000

IEC OTHER DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
THRESHOLD: 30000

The D60 supports the IEC 60870-5-104 protocol. The D60 can be used as an IEC 60870-5-104 slave device connected to
a single master (usually either an RTU or a SCADA master station). Since the D60 maintains one set of IEC 60870-5-104
data change buffers, only one master should actively communicate with the D60 at one time. For situations where a second
master is active in a "hot standby" configuration, the UR supports a second IEC 60870-5-104 connection providing the
standby master sends only IEC 60870-5-104 Test Frame Activation messages for as long as the primary master is active.
The NUMBER OF SOURCES IN MMENC1 LIST setting allows the selection of the number of current/voltage source values that
are included in the M_ME_NC_1 (Measured value, short floating point) Analog points list. This allows the list to be custom-
ized to contain data for only the sources that are configured.
The IEC ------- DEFAULT THRESHOLD settings are the values used by the UR to determine when to trigger spontaneous
responses containing M_ME_NC_1 analog data. These settings group the UR analog data into types: current, voltage,
power, energy, and other. Each setting represents the default threshold value for all M_ME_NC_1 analog points of that
type. For example, in order to trigger spontaneous responses from the UR when any current values change by 15 A, the
IEC CURRENT DEFAULT THRESHOLD setting should be set to 15. Note that these settings are the default values of the dead-
bands. P_ME_NC_1 (Parameter of measured value, short floating point value) points can be used to change threshold val-
ues, from the default, for each individual M_ME_NC_1 analog point. Whenever power is removed and re-applied to the UR,
the default thresholds will be in effect.
The IEC 60870-5-104 and DNP protocols can not be used at the same time. When the IEC 60870-5-104
FUNCTION setting is set to Enabled, the DNP protocol will not be operational. When this setting is changed
NOTE
it will not become active until power to the relay has been cycled (OFF/ON).

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-15

 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

i) SNTP PROTOCOL
PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICATIONS !" SNTP PROTOCOL

# COMMUNICATIONS
#

# SNTP PROTOCOL
#

SNTP FUNCTION: Range: Enabled, Disabled

MESSAGE
Disabled

SNTP SERVER IP ADDR: Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
0.0.0.0

SNTP UDP PORT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
NUMBER: 123

The D60 supports the Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) specified in RFC-2030. Using SNTP, the D60 can obtain clock
time over an Ethernet network. The D60 acts as an SNTP client to receive time values from an SNTP/NTP server, usually a
dedicated product employing a GPS receiver to provide an accurate time signal. Both unicast and broadcast SNTP are
supported.
If SNTP functionality is enabled at the same time as IRIG-B, the IRIG-B signal provides the time value to the D60 clock for
as long as a valid signal is present. If the IRIG-B signal is removed, the time obtained from the SNTP server is used. If
either SNTP or IRIG-B is enabled, the D60 clock value cannot be changed using the front panel keypad.
To use SNTP in unicast mode, the SNTP SERVER IP ADDR setting must be set to the IP address of the SNTP/NTP server.
5 Once this address is set and the SNTP FUNCTION setting is set to "Enabled", the D60 will attempt to obtain time values from
the SNTP/NTP server. Since a number of time values are obtained and averaged, it generally takes three to four minutes
until the D60 clock is closely synchronized with the SNTP/NTP server. It may take up to one minute for the D60 to signal an
SNTP self-test error if the server is offline.
To use SNTP in broadcast mode, the SNTP SERVER IP ADDR setting must be set to "0.0.0.0" and the SNTP FUNCTION setting
must be "Enabled". The D60 then listens to SNTP messages sent to the "all ones" broadcast address for the subnet. The
D60 will wait up to eighteen minutes (greater than 1024 seconds) without receiving an SNTP broadcast message before
signaling an SNTP self-test error.
The UR does not support the multicast or anycast SNTP functionality.

5.2.4 MODBUS USER MAP

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" MODBUS USER MAP

# MODBUS USER MAP ADDRESS 1: 0 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

# VALUE: 0
↓

ADDRESS 256: 0 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
VALUE: 0

The Modbus® User Map provides up to 256 registers with read only access. To obtain a value for a memory map address,
enter the desired location in the ADDRESS line (the value must be converted from hex to decimal format). The correspond-
ing value from the is displayed in the VALUE line. A value of “0” in subsequent register ADDRESS lines automatically return
values for the previous ADDRESS lines incremented by “1”. An address value of “0” in the initial register means “none” and
values of “0” will be displayed for all registers.
Different ADDRESS values can be entered as required in any of the register positions.
These settings can also be used with the DNP protocol. See the DNP ANALOG INPUT POINTS section in
Appendix E for details.
NOTE

5-16 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

5.2.5 REAL TIME CLOCK

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" REAL TIME CLOCK

# REAL TIME IRIG-B SIGNAL TYPE: Range: None, DC Shift, Amplitude Modulated
# CLOCK None

The date and time for the relay clock can be synchronized to other relays using an IRIG-B signal. It has the same accuracy
as an electronic watch, approximately ±1 minute per month.
An IRIG-B signal may be connected to the relay to synchronize the clock to a known time base and to other relays. If an
IRIG-B signal is used, only the current year needs to be entered. See also the COMMANDS " SET DATE AND TIME menu for
manually setting the relay clock.

5.2.6 FAULT REPORT

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" FAULT REPORT

# FAULT REPORT FAULT REPORT Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

# SOURCE: SRC 1
FAULT REPORT TRIG: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off

The fault report stores data, in non-volatile memory, pertinent to an event when triggered. The captured data includes:
• Name of the relay, programmed by the user
• Date and time of trigger 5
• Name of trigger (specific operand)
• Active setting group
• Pre-fault current and voltage phasors (one-quarter cycle before the trigger)
• Fault current and voltage phasors (three-quarter cycle after the trigger)
• Target Messages that are set at the time of triggering
• Events (9 before trigger and 7 after trigger)
The captured data also includes the fault type and the distance to the fault location, as well as the reclose shot number.
The trigger can be any FlexLogic™ operand, but in most applications it is expected to be the same operand, usually a vir-
tual output, that is used to drive an output relay to trip a breaker. To prevent the overwriting of fault events, the disturbance
detector should not be used to trigger a fault report.
If a number of protection elements are ORed to create a fault report trigger, the first operation of any element causing the
OR gate output to become high triggers a fault report. However, If other elements operate during the fault and the first oper-
ated element has not been reset (the OR gate output is still high), the fault report is not triggered again. Considering the
reset time of protection elements, there is very little chance that fault report can be triggered twice in this manner. As the
fault report must capture a usable amount of pre and post-fault data, it can not be triggered faster than every 20 ms.
Each fault report is stored as a file; the relay capacity is ten files. An eleventh trigger overwrites the oldest file. The operand
selected as the fault report trigger automatically triggers an oscillography record which can also be triggered independently.
URPC is required to view all captured data. The relay faceplate display can be used to view the date and time of trigger, the
fault type, the distance location of the fault, and the reclose shot number
The FAULT REPORT SOURCE setting selects the Source for input currents and voltages and disturbance detection. The FAULT
REPORT TRIG setting assigns the FlexLogic™ operand representing the protection element/elements requiring operational
fault location calculations. The distance to fault calculations are initiated by this signal.
See also SETTINGS " SYSTEM SETUP !" LINE menu for specifying line characteristics and the ACTUAL VALUES " RECORDS
! FAULT REPORTS menu.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-17

 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

5.2.7 OSCILLOGRAPHY

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" OSCILLOGRAPHY

# OSCILLOGRAPHY
#

NUMBER OF RECORDS: Range: 1 to 64 in steps of 1

15

TRIGGER MODE: Range: Automatic Overwrite, Protected

Automatic Overwrite

TRIGGER POSITION: Range: 0 to 100 in steps of 1

50%

TRIGGER SOURCE: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

Off

AC INPUT WAVEFORMS: Range: Off; 8, 16, 32, 64 samples/cycle

16 samples/cycle

# DIGITAL CHANNELS Range: 2 to 63 channels

#

DIGITAL CHANNEL 1: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

Off
↓
5 DIGITAL CHANNEL 63: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
Off

# ANALOG CHANNELS Range: 1 to 16 channels

#

ANALOG CHANNEL 1: Range: Off, any analog Actual Value parameter

Off
↓
ANALOG CHANNEL 16: Range: Off, any analog Actual Value parameter
Off

Oscillography records contain waveforms captured at the sampling rate as well as other relay data at the point of trigger.
Oscillography records are triggered by a programmable FlexLogic™ operand. Multiple oscillography records may be cap-
tured simultaneously.
The NUMBER OF RECORDS is selectable, but the number of cycles captured in a single record varies considerably based on
other factors such as sample rate and the number of operational CT/VT modules. There is a fixed amount of data storage
for oscillography; the more data captured, the less the number of cycles captured per record. See the ACTUAL VALUES !"
RECORDS !" OSCILLOGRAPHY menu to view the number of cycles captured per record. The following table provides sam-
ple configurations with corresponding cycles/record.

5-18 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

Table 5–1: OSCILLOGRAPHY CYCLES/RECORD EXAMPLE

# RECORDS # CT/VTS SAMPLE # DIGITALS # ANALOGS CYCLES/
RATE RECORD
1 1 8 0 0 1872.0
1 1 16 16 0 1685.0
8 1 16 16 0 266.0
8 1 16 16 4 219.5
8 2 16 16 4 93.5
8 2 16 64 16 93.5
8 2 32 64 16 57.6
8 2 64 64 16 32.3
32 2 64 64 16 9.5

A new record may automatically overwrite an older record if TRIGGER MODE is set to "Automatic Overwrite".
The TRIGGER POSITION is programmable as a percent of the total buffer size (e.g. 10%, 50%, 75%, etc.). A trigger position
of 25% consists of 25% pre- and 75% post-trigger data.
The TRIGGER SOURCE is always captured in oscillography and may be any FlexLogic™ parameter (element state, contact
input, virtual output, etc.). The relay sampling rate is 64 samples per cycle.
The AC INPUT WAVEFORMS setting determines the sampling rate at which AC input signals (i.e. current and voltage) are
stored. Reducing the sampling rate allows longer records to be stored. This setting has no effect on the internal sampling
rate of the relay which is always 64 samples per cycle, i.e. it has no effect on the fundamental calculations of the device.
An ANALOG CHANNEL setting selects the metering actual value recorded in an oscillography trace. The length of each oscil-
lography trace depends in part on the number of parameters selected here. Parameters set to ‘Off’ are ignored. The param-
5
eters available in a given relay are dependent on: (a) the type of relay, (b) the type and number of CT/VT hardware modules
installed, and (c) the type and number of Analog Input hardware modules installed. Upon startup, the relay will automati-
cally prepare the parameter list. Tables of all possible analog metering actual value parameters are presented in Appendix
A: FLEXANALOG PARAMETERS. The parameter index number shown in any of the tables is used to expedite the selec-
tion of the parameter on the relay display. It can be quite time-consuming to scan through the list of parameters via the relay
keypad/display - entering this number via the relay keypad will cause the corresponding parameter to be displayed.
All eight CT/VT module channels are stored in the oscillography file. The CT/VT module channels are named as follows:
<slot_letter><terminal_number>—<I or V><phase A, B, or C, or 4th input>
The fourth current input in a bank is called IG, and the fourth voltage input in a bank is called VX. For example, F2-IB des-
ignates the IB signal on terminal 2 of the CT/VT module in slot F. If there are no CT/VT modules and Analog Input modules,
no analog traces will appear in the file; only the digital traces will appear.
When the NUMBER OF RECORDS setting is altered, all oscillography records will be CLEARED.
WARNING

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-19

 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

5.2.8 DATA LOGGER

PATH: SETTINGS !" PRODUCT SETUP !" DATA LOGGER

# DATA LOGGER DATA LOGGER RATE: Range: 1 sec; 1 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30
# 1 min min, 60 min

DATA LOGGER CHNL 1: Range: Off, any analog Actual Value parameter
MESSAGE
Off
DATA LOGGER CHNL 2: Range: Off, any analog Actual Value parameter
MESSAGE
Off
↓
DATA LOGGER CHNL 16: Range: Off, any analog Actual Value parameter
MESSAGE
Off
DATA LOGGER CONFIG: Range: Not applicable - shows computed data only
MESSAGE
0 CHNL x 0.0 DAYS

The data logger samples and records up to 16 analog parameters at a user-defined sampling rate. This recorded data may
be downloaded to the URPC software and displayed with ‘parameters’ on the vertical axis and ‘time’ on the horizontal axis.
All data is stored in non-volatile memory, meaning that the information is retained when power to the relay is lost.
For a fixed sampling rate, the data logger can be configured with a few channels over a long period or a larger number of
channels for a shorter period. The relay automatically partitions the available memory between the channels in use.
Changing any setting affecting Data Logger operation will clear any data that is currently in the log.
5 NOTE

DATA LOGGER RATE:

This setting selects the time interval at which the actual value data will be recorded.
DATA LOGGER CHNL 1 (to 16):
This setting selects the metering actual value that is to be recorded in Channel 1(16) of the data log. The parameters avail-
able in a given relay are dependent on: the type of relay, the type and number of CT/VT hardware modules installed, and
the type and number of Analog Input hardware modules installed. Upon startup, the relay will automatically prepare the
parameter list. Tables of all possible analog metering actual value parameters are presented in Appendix A: FLEXANALOG
PARAMETERS. The parameter index number shown in any of the tables is used to expedite the selection of the parameter
on the relay display. It can be quite time-consuming to scan through the list of parameters via the relay keypad/display –
entering this number via the relay keypad will cause the corresponding parameter to be displayed.
DATA LOGGER CONFIG:
This display presents the total amount of time the Data Logger can record the channels not selected to "Off" without over-
writing old data.

5-20 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

5.2.9 USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS

# USER-PROGRAMMABLE
# LEDS

# TRIP & ALARM

# LEDS

TRIP LED INPUT: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

OFF

ALARM LED INPUT: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

OFF

# USER-PROGRAMMABLE
# LED 1

LED 1 OPERAND: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

Off

LED 1 TYPE: Range: Self-Reset, Latched

Self-Reset

# USER-PROGRAMMABLE
# LED 2
↓

# USER-PROGRAMMABLE
5
# LED 48

The TRIP and ALARM LEDs are on LED panel 1. Each indicator can be programmed to become illuminated when the
selected FlexLogic™ operand is in the logic 1 state. There are 48 amber LEDs across the relay faceplate LED panels.
Each of these indicators can be programmed to illuminate when the selected FlexLogic™ operand is in the logic 1 state.
• LEDs 1 through 24 inclusive are on LED panel 2; LEDs 25 through 48 inclusive are on LED panel 3.
Refer to the LED INDICATORS section in the HUMAN INTERFACES chapter for the locations of these indexed LEDs. This
menu selects the operands to control these LEDs. Support for applying user-customized labels to these LEDs is provided.
If the LED X TYPE setting is "Self-Reset" (default setting), the LED illumination will track the state of the selected LED oper-
and. If the LED X TYPE setting is ‘Latched’, the LED, once lit, remains so until reset by the faceplate RESET button, from a
remote device via a communications channel, or from any programmed operand, even if the LED operand state de-asserts.

Table 5–2: RECOMMENDED SETTINGS FOR LED PANEL 2 LABELS )

SETTING PARAMETER SETTING PARAMETER
LED 1 Operand SETTING GROUP ACT 1 LED 13 Operand Off
LED 2 Operand SETTING GROUP ACT 2 LED 14 Operand BREAKER 2 OPEN
LED 3 Operand SETTING GROUP ACT 3 LED 15 Operand BREAKER 2 CLOSED
LED 4 Operand SETTING GROUP ACT 4 LED 16 Operand BREAKER 2 TROUBLE
LED 5 Operand SETTING GROUP ACT 5 LED 17 Operand SYNC 1 SYNC OP
LED 6 Operand SETTING GROUP ACT 6 LED 18 Operand SYNC 2 SYNC OP
LED 7 Operand Off LED 19 Operand Off
LED 8 Operand Off LED 20 Operand Off
LED 9 Operand BREAKER 1 OPEN LED 21 Operand AR ENABLED
LED 10 Operand BREAKER 1 CLOSED LED 22 Operand AR DISABLED
LED 11 Operand BREAKER 1 TROUBLE LED 23 Operand AR RIP
LED 12 Operand Off LED 24 Operand AR LO

Refer to the CONTROL OF SETTINGS GROUPS example in the CONTROL ELEMENTS section for group activation.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-21

 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

5.2.10 USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS

# USER-PROGRAMMABLE
# PUSHBUTTONS

# USER PUSHBUTTON 1
#

PUSHBUTTON 1 Range: Self-Reset, Latched, Disabled

FUNCTION: Disabled

PUSHBTN 1 ID TEXT: Range: Up to 20 alphanumeric characters

PUSHBTN 1 ON TEXT: Range: Up to 20 alphanumeric characters

PUSHBTN 1 OFF TEXT: Range: Up to 20 alphanumeric characters

PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT Range: 0 to 60.00 s in steps of 0.01

TIME: 0.00 s

PUSHBUTTON 1 Range: Self-Reset, Latched, Disabled

TARGETS: Disabled

5 PUSHBUTTON 1
EVENTS: Disabled
Range: Disabled, Enabled

# USER PUSHBUTTON 2
#
↓

# USER PUSHBUTTON 12
#

The D60 has 12 optional user-programmable pushbuttons available, each configured via 12 identical menus. The pushbut-
tons provide an easy and error-free method of manually entering digital information (ON, OFF) into FlexLogic™ equations
as well as protection and control elements. Typical applications include breaker control, autorecloser blocking, ground pro-
tection blocking, and setting groups changes.
The user-configurable pushbuttons are shown below. They can be custom labeled with a factory-provided template, avail-
able online at www.GEindustrial.com/multilin.

1 3 5 7 9 11
USER LABEL USER LABEL USER LABEL USER LABEL USER LABEL USER LABEL

2 4 6 8 10 12
USER LABEL USER LABEL USER LABEL USER LABEL USER LABEL USER LABEL

Figure 5–2: USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS

Each pushbutton asserts its own ON and OFF FlexLogic™ operands, respectively. FlexLogic™ operands should be used
to program desired pushbutton actions. The operand names are PUSHBUTTON 1 ON and PUSHBUTTON 1 OFF.

5-22 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

A pushbutton may be programmed to latch or self-reset. An indicating LED next to each pushbutton signals the present sta-
tus of the corresponding "On" FlexLogic™ operand. When set to "Latched", the state of each pushbutton is stored in non-
volatile memory which is maintained during any supply power loss.
Pushbuttons states can be logged by the Event Recorder and displayed as target messages. User-defined messages can
also be associated with each pushbutton and displayed when the pushbutton is ON.
• PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION: This setting selects the characteristic of the pushbutton. If set to "Disabled", the push-
button is deactivated and the corresponding FlexLogic™ operands (both "On" and "Off") are de-asserted.
If set to "Self-reset", the control logic of the pushbutton asserts the "On" corresponding FlexLogic™ operand as long as
the pushbutton is being pressed. As soon as the pushbutton is released, the FlexLogic™ operand is de-asserted. The
"Off" operand is asserted/de-asserted accordingly.
If set to "Latched", the control logic alternates the state of the corresponding FlexLogic™ operand between "On" and
"Off" on each push of the button. When operating in the "Latched" mode the states of the FlexLogic™ operands are
stored in a non-volatile memory. Should the power supply be lost, the correct state of the pushbutton is retained upon
subsequent power up of the relay.
• PUSHBTN 1 ID TEXT: This setting specifies the top 20-character line of the user-programmable message and is
intended to provide ID information of the pushbutton. Refer to the USER DEFINABLE DISPLAYS section for instruc-
tions on how to enter alphanumeric characters from the keypad.
• PUSHBTN 1 ON TEXT: This setting specifies the bottom 20-character line of the user-programmable message and is
displayed when the pushbutton is in the "on" position. Refer to the USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS section for instruc-
tions on entering alphanumeric characters from the keypad.
• PUSHBTN 1 OFF TEXT: This setting specifies the bottom 20-character line of the user-programmable message and is
displayed when the pushbutton is in the "off" position. Refer to the USER DEFINABLE DISPLAYS section for instruc-
tions on entering alphanumeric characters from the keypad. The user text is displayed for 5 seconds after each change
of pushbutton status. 5
• PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME: This setting specifies a drop-out time delay for a pushbutton in the self-reset mode. A
typical applications for this setting is providing a select-before-operate functionality. The selecting pushbutton should
have the drop-out time set to a desired value. The operating pushbutton should be logically ANDed with the selecting
pushbutton in FlexLogic™. The selecting pushbutton LED remains on for the duration of the drop-out time, signaling
the time window for the intended operation.
For example, consider a relay with the following settings:
PUSHBTN 1 ID TEXT: "Autorecloser"
PUSHBTN 1 ON TEXT: "Disabled - Call 2199"
PUSHBTN 1 OFF TEXT: "Enabled"

When Pushbutton 1 changes its state to the "On" position, the following message is displayed:
AUTORECLOSER
DISABLED - Call 2199

When Pushbutton 1 changes its state to the "Off" position, the following message is displayed:
AUTORECLOSER
ENABLED

User-programmable pushbuttons require a type HP relay faceplate. If an HP-type faceplate was ordered sepa-
rately, the relay order code must be changed to indicate the HP faceplate option. This can be done via URPC with
NOTE
the Maintenance > Enable Pushbutton command.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-23

 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

5.2.11 FLEX STATE PARAMETERS

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" FLEX STATE PARAMETERS

# FLEX STATE PARAMETER 1: Range: FlexLogic™ Operand

# PARAMETERS Off
PARAMETER 2: Range: FlexLogic™ Operand
MESSAGE
Off
↓

PARAMETER 256: Range: FlexLogic™ Operand

MESSAGE
Off

This feature provides a mechanism where any of 256 selected FlexLogic™ operand states can be used for efficient moni-
toring. The feature allows user-customized access to the FlexLogic™ operand states in the relay. The state bits are packed
so that 16 states may be read out in a single Modbus register. The state bits can be configured so that all of the states
which are of interest to the user are available in a minimum number of Modbus registers.
The state bits may be read out in the "Flex States" register array beginning at Modbus address 900 hex. 16 states are
packed into each register, with the lowest-numbered state in the lowest-order bit. There are 16 registers in total to accom-
modate the 256 state bits.

5.2.12 USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS

5 # USER-DEFINABLE
# DISPLAYS

# USER DISPLAY 1
#

DISP 1 TOP LINE: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters

MESSAGE

DISP 1 BOTTOM LINE: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters

MESSAGE

DISP 1 ITEM 1 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
0

DISP 1 ITEM 2 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
0

DISP 1 ITEM 3 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
0

DISP 1 ITEM 4 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
0

DISP 1 ITEM 5: Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE
0

# USER DISPLAY 2
#
↓

# USER DISPLAY 8
#

5-24 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

This menu provides a mechanism for manually creating up to 8 user-defined information displays in a convenient viewing
sequence in the USER DISPLAYS menu (between the TARGETS and ACTUAL VALUES top-level menus). The sub-menus
facilitate text entry and Modbus Register data pointer options for defining the User Display content.
Also, any existing system display can be automatically copied into an available User Display by selecting the existing dis-
play and pressing the key. The display will then prompt “ADD TO USER DISPLAY LIST?”. After selecting ‘Yes’, a
message will indicate that the selected display has been added to the user display list. When this type of entry occurs, the
sub-menus are automatically configured with the proper content - this content may subsequently be edited.
This menu is used to enter user-defined text and/or user-selected Modbus-registered data fields into the particular User
Display. Each User Display consists of two 20-character lines (TOP & BOTTOM). The Tilde (~) character is used to mark
the start of a data field - the length of the data field needs to be accounted for. Up to 5 separate data fields (ITEM 1...5) can
be entered in a User Display - the nth Tilde (~) refers to the nth ITEM.
A User Display may be entered from the faceplate keypad or the URPC interface (preferred for convenience).
To enter text characters in the TOP LINE and BOTTOM LINE from the faceplate keypad:
1. Select the line to be edited.
2. Press the key to enter text edit mode.
3. Use either VALUE key to scroll through the characters. A space is selected like a character.
4. Press the key to advance the cursor to the next position.
5. Repeat step 3 and continue entering characters until the desired text is displayed.
6. The key may be pressed at any time for context sensitive help information.
7. Press the key to store the new settings.
To enter a numerical value for any of the 5 ITEMs (the decimal form of the selected Modbus Register Address) from the
faceplate keypad, use the number keypad. Use the value of ‘0’ for any ITEMs not being used. Use the key at any
5
selected system display (Setting, Actual Value, or Command) which has a Modbus address, to view the hexadecimal form
of the Modbus Register Address, then manually convert it to decimal form before entering it (URPC usage would conve-
niently facilitate this conversion).
Use the key to go to the USER DISPLAYS menu to view the user-defined content. The current user displays will
show in sequence, changing every 4 seconds. While viewing a User Display, press the key and then select the ‘Yes”
option to remove the display from the user display list. Use the key again to exit the USER DISPLAYS menu.
EXAMPLE USER DISPLAY SETUP AND RESULT:

# USER DISPLAY 1 DISP 1 TOP LINE: Shows user-defined text with first Tilde marker.
# Current X ~ A
DISP 1 BOTTOM LINE: Shows user-defined text with second Tilde marker.
MESSAGE
Current Y ~ A
DISP 1 ITEM 1: Shows decimal form of user-selected Modbus Register
MESSAGE Address, corresponding to first Tilde marker.
6016
DISP 1 ITEM 2: Shows decimal form of user-selected Modbus
MESSAGE Register Address, corresponding to 2nd Tilde marker.
6357
DISP 1 ITEM 3: This item is not being used - there is no corresponding
MESSAGE Tilde marker in Top or Bottom lines.
0
DISP 1 ITEM 4: This item is not being used - there is no corresponding
MESSAGE Tilde marker in Top or Bottom lines.
0
DISP 1 ITEM 5: This item is not being used - there is no corresponding
MESSAGE
0 Tilde marker in Top or Bottom lines.

USER DISPLAYS Current X 0.850 A Shows the resultant display content.

→
Current Y 0.327 A

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-25

 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

5.2.13 DIRECT I/O

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" DIRECT I/O

# DIRECT I/O DIRECT OUTPPUT Range: 1 to 8

# DEVICE ID: 1
DIRECT I/O RING Range: Yes, No
MESSAGE
CONFIGURATION: Yes
DIRECT I/O DATA Range: 64 kbps, 128 kbps
MESSAGE
RATE: 64 kbps

Direct I/Os are intended for exchange of status information (inputs and outputs) between UR relays connected directly via
Type-7 UR digital communications cards. The mechanism is very similar to UCA GOOSE, except that communications
takes place over a non-switchable isolated network and is optimized for speed. On Type 7 cards that support two channels,
Direct Output messages are sent from both channels simultaneously. This effectively sends Direct Output messages both
ways around a ring configuration. On Type 7 cards that support one channel, Direct Output messages are sent only in one
direction. Messages will be resent (forwarded) when it is determined that the message did not originate at the receiver.
Direct Output message timing is similar to GOOSE message timing. Integrity messages (with no state changes) are sent at
least every 500 ms. Messages with state changes are sent within the main pass scanning the inputs and asserting the out-
puts unless the communication channel bandwidth has been exceeded. Two Self-Tests are performed and signaled by the
following FlexLogic™ operands:
1. DIRECT RING BREAK (Direct I/O Ring Break). This FlexLogic™ operand indicates that Direct Output messages sent
from a UR are not being received back by the UR.

5 2. DIRECT DEVICE X OFF (Direct Device Offline). This FlexLogic™ operand indicates that Direct Output messages from
at least one Direct Device are not being received.
Direct I/O settings are similar to Remote I/O settings. The equivalent of the Remote Device name strings for Direct I/O, is
the Direct Output Device ID.
The DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID identifies this UR in all Direct Output messages. All UR IEDs in a ring should have unique
numbers assigned. The IED ID is used to identify the sender of the Direct I/O message.
If the Direct I/O scheme is configured to operate in a ring (DIRECT I/O RING CONFIGURATION: "Yes"), all Direct Output mes-
sages should be received back. If not, the Direct I/O Ring Break Self Test is triggered. The self-test error is signaled by the
DIRECT RING BREAK FlexLogic™ operand.
Select the DIRECT I/O DATA RATE to match the capabilities of the communications channel. Back-to-back connections of the
local relays may be set to 128 kbps. All IEDs communicating over Direct I/Os must be set to the same data rate. UR IEDs
equipped with dual-channel communications cards apply the same data rate to both channels. Delivery time for Direct I/O
messages is approximately 0.2 of a power system cycle at 128 kbps and 0.4 of a power system cycle at 64 kbps, per each
"bridge". For D60 applications, the DIRECT I/O DATA RATE should be set to 128 kbps.
The following application examples illustrate the basic concepts for Direct I/O configuration. Please refer to the INPUTS/
OUTPUTS section later in this chapter for information on configuring FlexLogic™ operands (flags, bits) to be exchanged.
EXAMPLE 1: EXTENDING THE I/O CAPABILITIES OF A UR RELAY
Consider an application that requires additional quantities of digital inputs and/or output contacts and/or lines of program-
mable logic that exceed the capabilities of a single UR chassis. The problem is solved by adding an extra UR IED, such as
the C30, to satisfy the additional I/Os and programmable logic requirements. The two IEDs are connected via single-chan-
nel digital communication cards as shown in the figure below.

5-26 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

TX1
UR IED 1
RX1

TX1
UR IED 2
RX1

842711A1.CDR

Figure 5–3: INPUT/OUTPUT EXTENSION VIA DIRECT I/OS

In the above application, the following settings should be applied:
UR IED 1: DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: "1"
DIRECT I/O RING CONFIGURATION: "Yes"
DIRECT I/O DATA RATE: "128 kbps"

UR IED 2: DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: "2"

DIRECT I/O RING CONFIGURATION: "Yes"
DIRECT I/O DATA RATE: "128 kbps"

The message delivery time is about 0.2 of power cycle in both ways (at 128 kbps); i.e., from Device 1 to Device 2, and from
Device 2 to Device 1. Different communications cards can be selected by the user for this back-to-back connection (fiber,
G.703, or RS422).
EXAMPLE 2: INTERLOCKING BUSBAR PROTECTION
A simple interlocking busbar protection scheme could be accomplished by sending a blocking signal from downstream
devices, say 2, 3, and 4, to the upstream device that monitors a single incomer of the busbar, as shown below. 5

UR IED 1 BLOCK

UR IED 2 UR IED 3 UR IED 4

842712A1.CDR

Figure 5–4: SAMPLE INTERLOCKING BUSBAR PROTECTION SCHEME

For increased reliability, a dual-ring configuration (shown below) is recommended for this application.

TX1 RX1
UR IED 1
RX2 TX2

RX1 TX2 RX2 TX1

UR IED 2 UR IED 4
TX1 RX2 TX2 RX1

TX2 RX2
UR IED 3
RX1 TX1
842716A1.CDR

Figure 5–5: INTERLOCKING BUS PROTECTION SCHEME VIA DIRECT I/OS

In the above application, the following settings should be applied:

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-27

 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

UR IED 1: DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: "1"

DIRECT I/O RING CONFIGURATION: "Yes"
UR IED 2: DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: "2"
DIRECT I/O RING CONFIGURATION: "Yes"
UR IED 3: DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: "3"
DIRECT I/O RING CONFIGURATION: "Yes"
UR IED 4: DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: "4"
DIRECT I/O RING CONFIGURATION: "Yes"
Message delivery time is approximately 0.2 of power system cycle (at 128 kbps) times number of "bridges" between the ori-
gin and destination. Dual-ring configuration effectively reduces the maximum "communications distance" by a factor of two.
In this configuration the following delivery times are expected (at 128 kbps) if both rings are healthy:
IED 1 to IED 2: 0.2 of power system cycle; IED 1 to IED 3: 0.4 of power system cycle;
IED 1 to IED 4: 0.2 of power system cycle; IED 2 to IED 3: 0.2 of power system cycle;
IED 2 to IED 4: 0.4 of power system cycle; IED 3 to IED 4: 0.2 of power system cycle
If one ring is broken (say TX2/RX2) the delivery times are as follows:
IED 1 to IED 2: 0.2 of power system cycle; IED 1 to IED 3: 0.4 of power system cycle;
IED 1 to IED 4: 0.6 of power system cycle; IED 2 to IED 3: 0.2 of power system cycle;
IED 2 to IED 4: 0.4 of power system cycle; IED 3 to IED 4: 0.2 of power system cycle
A coordinating timer for this bus protection scheme could be selected to cover the worst case scenario (0.4 of power sys-
tem cycle). Upon detecting a broken ring, the coordination time should be adaptively increased to 0.6 of power system
cycle. The complete application requires addressing a number of issues such as failure of both the communications rings,

5 failure or out-of-service conditions of one of the relays, etc. Self-monitoring flags of the Direct I/O feature would be primarily
used to address these concerns.
EXAMPLE 3: PILOT-AIDED SCHEMES
Consider the three-terminal line protection application shown below:

UR IED 1 UR IED 2

UR IED 3
842713A1.CDR

Figure 5–6: THREE-TERMINAL LINE APPLICATION

A permissive pilot-aided scheme could be implemented in a two-ring configuration as shown below (IEDs 1 and 2 constitute
a first ring, while IEDs 2 and 3 constitute a second ring):

5-28 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

TX1 RX1 RX2

UR IED 1 UR IED 2
RX1 TX1 TX2

RX1
UR IED 3
TX1
842714A1.CDR

Figure 5–7: SINGLE-CHANNEL OPEN LOOP CONFIGURATION

In the above application, the following settings should be applied:
UR IED 1: DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: "1"
DIRECT I/O RING CONFIGURATION: "Yes"
UR IED 2: DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: "2"
DIRECT I/O RING CONFIGURATION: "Yes"
UR IED 3: DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: "3"
DIRECT I/O RING CONFIGURATION: "Yes"
In this configuration the following delivery times are expected (at 128 kbps):
IED 1 to IED 2: 0.2 of power system cycle; IED 1 to IED 3: 0.5 of power system cycle;
IED 2 to IED 3: 0.2 of power system cycle 5
In the above scheme, IEDs 1 and 3 do not communicate directly. IED 2 must be configured to forward the messages as
explained in the INPUTS/OUTPUTS section. A blocking pilot-aided scheme should be implemented with more security and,
ideally, faster message delivery time. This could be accomplished using a dual-ring configuration as shown below.

TX2 TX1 RX1 RX2

UR IED 1 UR IED 2
RX1 RX2 TX2 TX1

TX1 RX1
UR IED 3
RX2 TX2
842715A1.CDR

Figure 5–8: DUAL-CHANNEL CLOSED LOOP (DUAL-RING) CONFIGURATION

In the above application, the following settings should be applied:
UR IED 1: DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: "1"
DIRECT I/O RING CONFIGURATION: "Yes"
UR IED 2: DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: "2"
DIRECT I/O RING CONFIGURATION: "Yes"
UR IED 3: DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: "3"
DIRECT I/O RING CONFIGURATION: "Yes"
In this configuration the following delivery times are expected (at 128 kbps) if both the rings are healthy:
IED 1 to IED 2: 0.2 of power system cycle; IED 1 to IED 3: 0.2 of power system cycle;
IED 2 to IED 3: 0.2 of power system cycle
The two communications configurations could be applied to both permissive and blocking schemes. Speed, reliability and
cost should be taken into account when selecting the required architecture.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-29

 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

5.2.14 INSTALLATION

PATH: SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" INSTALLATION

# INSTALLATION RELAY SETTINGS: Range: Not Programmed, Programmed

# Not Programmed
RELAY NAME: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters
MESSAGE
Relay-1

To safeguard against the installation of a relay without any entered settings, the unit will not allow signaling of any output
relay until RELAY SETTINGS is set to "Programmed". This setting is defaulted to "Not Programmed" when at the factory. The
UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED self-test error message is displayed until the relay is put into the "Programmed" state.
The RELAY NAME setting allows the user to uniquely identify a relay. This name will appear on generated reports. This name
is also used to identify specific devices which are engaged in automatically sending/receiving data over the Ethernet com-
munications channel using the UCA2/MMS protocol.

5-30 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP

5.3SYSTEM SETUP 5.3.1 AC INPUTS

a) CURRENT BANKS
PATH: SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP ! AC INPUTS ! CURRENT BANK F1(F5)

# CURRENT BANK F1 PHASE CT F1 Range: 1 to 65000 A in steps of 1

# PRIMARY: 1 A
PHASE CT F1 Range: 1 A, 5 A
MESSAGE
SECONDARY: 1 A
GROUND CT F1 Range: 1 to 65000 A in steps of 1
MESSAGE
PRIMARY: 1 A
GROUND CT F1 Range: 1 A, 5 A
MESSAGE
SECONDARY: 1 A

Two banks of phase/ground CTs can be set, where the current banks are denoted in the following format (X represents the
module slot position letter):
Xa, where X = {F} and a = {1, 5}.
See the INTRODUCTION TO AC SOURCES section at the beginning for additional details.
These settings are critical for all features that have settings dependent on current measurements. When the relay is
ordered, the CT module must be specified to include a standard or sensitive ground input. As the phase CTs are connected
in Wye (star), the calculated phasor sum of the three phase currents (IA + IB + IC = Neutral Current = 3Io) is used as the
input for the neutral overcurrent elements. In addition, a zero-sequence (core balance) CT which senses current in all of the
circuit primary conductors, or a CT in a neutral grounding conductor may also be used. For this configuration, the ground
CT primary rating must be entered. To detect low level ground fault currents, the sensitive ground input may be used. In this 5
case, the sensitive ground CT primary rating must be entered. For more details on CT connections, refer to the HARD-
WARE chapter.
Enter the rated CT primary current values. For both 1000:5 and 1000:1 CTs, the entry would be 1000. For correct opera-
tion, the CT secondary rating must match the setting (which must also correspond to the specific CT connections used).
The following example illustrates how multiple CT inputs (current banks) are summed as one source current. Given If the
following current banks:
F1: CT bank with 500:1 ratio; F5: CT bank with 1000: ratio
The following rule applies:
SRC 1 = F1 + F5 (EQ 5.1)

1 pu is the highest primary current. In this case, 1000 is entered and the secondary current from the 500:1 and 800:1 ratio
CTs will be adjusted to that created by a 1000:1 CT before summation. If a protection element is set up to act on SRC 1 cur-
rents, then a pickup level of 1 pu will operate on 1000 A primary.
The same rule applies for current sums from CTs with different secondary taps (5 A and 1 A).

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-31

 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP 5 SETTINGS

b) VOLTAGE BANKS
PATH: SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP ! AC INPUTS !" VOLTAGE BANK F5

# VOLTAGE BANK F5 PHASE VT F5 Range: Wye, Delta

# CONNECTION: Wye
PHASE VT F5 Range: 50.0 to 240.0 V in steps of 0.1
MESSAGE
SECONDARY: 66.4 V
PHASE VT F5 Range: 1.00 to 24000.00 in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
RATIO: 1.00 :1
AUXILIARY VT F5 Range: Vn, Vag, Vbg, Vcg, Vab, Vbc, Vca
MESSAGE
CONNECTION: Vag
AUXILIARY VT F5 Range: 50.0 to 240.0 V in steps of 0.1
MESSAGE
SECONDARY: 66.4 V
AUXILIARY VT F5 Range: 1.00 to 24000.00 in steps of 1.00
MESSAGE
RATIO: 1.00 :1

One bank of phase/auxiliary VTs can be set, where voltage banks are denoted in the following format (X represents the
module slot position letter):
Xa, where X = {F} and a = {5}.
See the INTRODUCTION TO AC SOURCES section at the beginning for additional details.
With VTs installed, the relay can perform voltage measurements as well as power calculations. Enter the PHASE VT F5 CON-
5 NECTION made to the system as "Wye" or "Delta". An open-delta source VT connection would be entered as "Delta". See
the typical wiring diagram in the HARDWARE chapter for details.
The nominal PHASE VT F5 SECONDARY voltage setting is the voltage across the relay input terminals when nominal
voltage is applied to the VT primary.
NOTE
For example, on a system with a 13.8 kV nominal primary voltage and with a 14400:120 volt VT in a Delta connec-
tion, the secondary voltage would be 115, i.e. (13800 / 14400) × 120. For a Wye connection, the voltage value
entered must be the phase to neutral voltage which would be 115 / 3 = 66.4.
On a 14.4 kV system with a Delta connection and a VT primary to secondary turns ratio of 14400:120, the voltage
value entered would be 120, i.e. 14400 / 120.

5.3.2 POWER SYSTEM

PATH: SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP !" POWER SYSTEM

# POWER SYSTEM NOMINAL FREQUENCY: Range: 25 to 60 Hz in steps of 1

# 60 Hz
PHASE ROTATION: Range: ABC, ACB
MESSAGE
ABC
FREQUENCY AND PHASE Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
REFERENCE: SRC 1
FREQUENCY TRACKING: Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
Enabled

The power system NOMINAL FREQUENCY value is used as a default to set the digital sampling rate if the system frequency
cannot be measured from available signals. This may happen if the signals are not present or are heavily distorted. Before
reverting to the nominal frequency, the frequency tracking algorithm holds the last valid frequency measurement for a safe
period of time while waiting for the signals to reappear or for the distortions to decay.

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 5 SETTINGS 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP

The phase sequence of the power system is required to properly calculate sequence components and power parameters.
The PHASE ROTATION setting matches the power system phase sequence. Note that this setting informs the relay of the
actual system phase sequence, either ABC or ACB. CT and VT inputs on the relay, labeled as A, B, and C, must be con-
nected to system phases A, B, and C for correct operation.
The FREQUENCY AND PHASE REFERENCE setting determines which signal source is used (and hence which AC signal) for
phase angle reference. The AC signal used is prioritized based on the AC inputs that are configured for the signal source:
phase voltages takes precedence, followed by auxiliary voltage, then phase currents, and finally ground current.
For three phase selection, phase A is used for angle referencing ( V ANGLE REF = V A ), while Clarke transformation of the
phase signals is used for frequency metering and tracking ( V FREQUENCY = ( 2V A – V B – V C ) ⁄ 3 ) for better performance dur-
ing fault, open pole, and VT and CT fail conditions.
The phase reference and frequency tracking AC signals are selected based upon the Source configuration, regardless of
whether or not a particular signal is actually applied to the relay.
Phase angle of the reference signal will always display zero degrees and all other phase angles will be relative to this sig-
nal. If the pre-selected reference signal is not measurable at a given time, the phase angles are not referenced.
The phase angle referencing is done via a phase locked loop, which can synchronize independent UR relays if they have
the same AC signal reference. These results in very precise correlation of time tagging in the event recorder between differ-
ent UR relays provided the relays have an IRIG-B connection.
FREQUENCY TRACKING should only be set to "Disabled" in very unusual circumstances; consult the factory for spe-
cial variable-frequency applications.
NOTE

5.3.3 SIGNAL SOURCES

PATH: SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP !" SIGNAL SOURCES ! SOURCE 1(2) 5
# SOURCE 1 SOURCE 1 NAME: Range: up to 6 alphanumeric characters
# SRC 1
SOURCE 1 PHASE CT: Range: None, F1, F5, F1+F5
MESSAGE Only phase current inputs will be displayed.
None
SOURCE 1 GROUND CT: Range: None, F1, F5, F1+F5
MESSAGE Only ground current inputs will be displayed.
None
SOURCE 1 PHASE VT: Range: None, F1, F5
MESSAGE Only phase voltage inputs will be displayed.
None
SOURCE 1 AUX VT: Range: None, F1, F5
MESSAGE Only auxiliary voltage inputs will be displayed.
None

Two identical Source menus are available. The "SRC 1" text can be replaced by with a user-defined name appropriate for
the associated source.
"F" represents the module slot position. The number directly following this letter represents either the first bank of four
channels (1, 2, 3, 4) called "1" or the second bank of four channels (5, 6, 7, 8) called "5" in a particular CT/VT module. Refer
to the INTRODUCTION TO AC SOURCES section at the beginning of this chapter for additional details on this concept.
It is possible to select the sum of any combination of CTs. The first channel displayed is the CT to which all others will be
referred. For example, the selection “F1+F5” indicates the sum of each phase from channels “F1” and “F5”, scaled to
whichever CT has the higher ratio. Selecting “None” hides the associated actual values.
The approach used to configure the AC Sources consists of several steps; first step is to specify the information about each
CT and VT input. For CT inputs, this is the nominal primary and secondary current. For VTs, this is the connection type,
ratio and nominal secondary voltage. Once the inputs have been specified, the configuration for each Source is entered,
including specifying which CTs will be summed together.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-33

 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP 5 SETTINGS

User Selection of AC Parameters for Comparator Elements:

CT/VT modules automatically calculate all current and voltage parameters from the available inputs. Users must select the
specific input parameters to be measured by every element in the relevant settings menu. The internal design of the ele-
ment specifies which type of parameter to use and provides a setting for Source selection. In elements where the parame-
ter may be either fundamental or RMS magnitude, such as phase time overcurrent, two settings are provided. One setting
specifies the Source, the second setting selects between fundamental phasor and RMS.
AC Input Actual Values:
The calculated parameters associated with the configured voltage and current inputs are displayed in the current and volt-
age sections of Actual Values. Only the phasor quantities associated with the actual AC physical input channels will be dis-
played here. All parameters contained within a configured Source are displayed in the Sources section of Actual Values.
Disturbance Detectors (Internal):
The 50DD element is a sensitive current disturbance detector that detects any disturbance on the protected system. 50DD
is intended for use in conjunction with measuring elements, blocking of current based elements (to prevent maloperation as
a result of the wrong settings), and starting oscillography data capture. A disturbance detector is provided for each Source.
The 50DD function responds to the changes in magnitude of the sequence currents. The disturbance detector scheme
logic is as follows:

SETTING
ACTUAL
PRODUCT SETUP/DISPLAY
SOURCE 1 PROPERTIES/CURRENT
CURRENT PHASOR CUT-OFF LEVEL
I_1 I_1 - I_1’ >2*CUT-OFF FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
I_2 I_2 - I_2’ >2*CUT-OFF OR SRC 1 50DD OP
I_0 I_0 - I_0’ >2*CUT-OFF
Where I’ is 2 cycles old

5 ACTUAL
SETTING

PRODUCT SETUP/DISPLAY
SOURCE 2 PROPERTIES/CURRENT
CURRENT PHASOR CUT-OFF LEVEL
I_1 I_1 - I_1’ >2*CUT-OFF FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
I_2 I_2 - I_2’ >2*CUT-OFF OR SRC 2 50DD OP
I_0 I_0 - I_0’ >2*CUT-OFF
Where I’ is 2 cycles old

SETTING
ACTUAL
PRODUCT SETUP/DISPLAY
SOURCE 6 PROPERTIES/CURRENT
CURRENT PHASOR CUT-OFF LEVEL
I_1 I_1 - I_1’ >2*CUT-OFF FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
I_2 I_2 - I_2’ >2*CUT-OFF OR SRC 6 50DD OP
I_0 I_0 - I_0’ >2*CUT-OFF
Where I’ is 2 cycles old 827092A3.CDR

Figure 5–9: DISTURBANCE DETECTOR LOGIC DIAGRAM

The disturbance detector responds to the change in currents of twice the current cut-off level. The default cut-off threshold
is 0.02 pu; thus by default the disturbance detector responds to a change of 0.04 pu. The metering sensitivity setting (PROD-
UCT SETUP !" DISPLAY PROPERTIES !" CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL) controls the sensitivity of the disturbance detector
accordingly.

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 5 SETTINGS 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP

5.3.4 LINE

PATH: SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP !" LINE

# LINE POS SEQ IMPEDANCE Range: 0.01 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01

# MAGNITUDE: 3.00 Ω
POS SEQ IMPEDANCE Range: 25 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
ANGLE: 75°
ZERO SEQ IMPEDANCE Range: 0.01 to 650.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
MAGNITUDE: 9.00 Ω
ZERO SEQ IMPEDANCE Range: 25 to 90° in steps of 1°
MESSAGE
ANGLE: 75°
LINE LENGTH UNITS: Range: km, miles
MESSAGE
km
LINE LENGTH (km ): Range: 0.0 to 2000.0 in steps of 0.1
MESSAGE
100.0

These settings specify the characteristics of the line. The line impedance value should be entered as secondary ohms.
This data is used for fault location calculations. See the SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" FAULT REPORT menu for assigning
the Source and Trigger for fault calculations.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-35

 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP 5 SETTINGS

5.3.5 BREAKERS

PATH: SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP !" BREAKERS ! BREAKER 1(2)

# BREAKER 1 BREAKER 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
BREAKER1 PUSH BUTTON Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
CONTROL: Disabled
BREAKER 1 NAME: Range: up to 6 alphanumeric characters
MESSAGE
Bkr 1
BREAKER 1 MODE: Range: 3-Pole, 1-Pole
MESSAGE
3-Pole
BREAKER 1 OPEN: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BREAKER 1 CLOSE: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BREAKER 1 φA/3-POLE: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BREAKER 1 φB: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BREAKER 1 φC: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

5 MESSAGE
Off
BREAKER 1 EXT ALARM: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BREAKER 1 ALARM Range: 0.000 to 1 000 000.000 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s
MANUAL CLOSE RECAL1 Range: 0.000 to 1 000 000.000 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
TIME: 0.000 s
BREAKER 1 OUT OF SV: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
UCA XCBR1 PwrSupSt0: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
UCA XCBR1 PresSt: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
UCA XCBR1 TrpCoil: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off

# BREAKER 2
As for Breaker 1 above
#

# UCA XCBR SBO TIMER BKR XCBR SBO TIMEOUT: Range: 1 to 60 s in steps of 1
# 30 s

A description of the operation of the breaker control and status monitoring features is provided in the HUMAN INTER-
FACES chapter. Only information concerning programming of the associated settings is covered here. These features are
provided for two breakers; a user may use only those portions of the design relevant to a single breaker, which must be
Breaker No. 1.

5-36 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP

• BREAKER 1(2) FUNCTION: Set to "Enable" to allow the operation of any breaker control feature.
• BREAKER1(2) PUSH BUTTON CONTROL: Set to "Enable" to allow faceplate push button operations.
• BREAKER 1(2) NAME: Assign a user-defined name (up to 6 characters) to the breaker. This name will be used in
flash messages related to Breaker No. 1.
• BREAKER 1(2) MODE: Selects "3-pole" mode, where all breaker poles are operated simultaneously, or "1-pole" mode
where all breaker poles are operated either independently or simultaneously.
• BREAKER 1(2) OPEN: Selects an operand that creates a programmable signal to operate an output relay to open
Breaker No. 1.
• BREAKER 1(2) CLOSE: Selects an operand that creates a programmable signal to operate an output relay to close
Breaker No. 1.
• BREAKER 1(2) ΦA/3-POLE: Selects an operand, usually a contact input connected to a breaker auxiliary position
tracking mechanism. This input can be either a 52/a or 52/b contact, or a combination the 52/a and 52/b contacts, that
must be programmed to create a logic 0 when the breaker is open. If BREAKER 1 MODE is selected as "3-Pole", this set-
ting selects a single input as the operand used to track the breaker open or closed position. If the mode is selected as
"1-Pole", the input mentioned above is used to track phase A and settings BREAKER 1 ΦB and BREAKER 1 ΦC select
operands to track phases B and C, respectively.
• BREAKER 1(2) ΦB: If the mode is selected as 3-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as 1-pole,
this input is used to track phase B as above for phase A.
• BREAKER 1(2) ΦC: If the mode is selected as 3-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as 1-pole,
this input is used to track phase C as above for phase A.
• BREAKER 1(2) EXT ALARM: Selects an operand, usually an external contact input, connected to a breaker alarm
reporting contact.
• BREAKER 1(2) ALARM DELAY: Sets the delay interval during which a disagreement of status among the three pole
5
position tracking operands will not declare a pole disagreement, to allow for non-simultaneous operation of the poles. If
single-pole tripping and reclosing is used, the breaker may trip unsymmetrically for faults. In this case, the minimum
alarm delay setting must exceed the maximum time required for fault clearing and reclosing by a suitable margin.
• MANUAL CLOSE RECAL1 TIME: Sets the interval required to maintain setting changes in effect after an operator has
initiated a manual close command to operate a circuit breaker.
• BREAKER 1(2) OUT OF SV: Selects an operand indicating that Breaker No. 1 is out-of-service.
• UCA XCBR1(2) PwrSupSt0: Selects a FlexLogic™ operand to provide a value for the UCA XCBR1(2) PwrSupSt bit 0
data item.
• UCA XCBR1(2) PresSt: Selects a FlexLogic™ operand to provide a value for the UCA XCBR1(2) PresSt data item.
• UCA XCBR1(2) TrpCoil: Selects a FlexLogic™ operand to provide a value for the UCA XCBR1(2) TrpCoil data item.
• BKR XCBR SBO TIMEOUT: The Select-Before-Operate timer specifies an interval from the receipt of the UCA
Breaker Control Select signal until the automatic de-selection of the breaker, so that the breaker does not remain
selected indefinitely. This setting applies only to UCA SBO operation.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-37

 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP 5 SETTINGS

Figure 5–10: DUAL BREAKER CONTROL SCHEME LOGIC

5-38 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP

5.3.6 FLEXCURVES™

PATH: SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP !" FLEXCURVES ! FLEXCURVE A(D)

# FLEXCURVE A FLEXCURVE A TIME AT Range: 0 to 65535 ms in steps of 1

# 0.00 xPKP: 0 ms

FlexCurves™ A through D have settings for entering times to Reset/Operate at the following pickup levels: 0.00 to 0.98 /
1.03 to 20.00. This data is converted into 2 continuous curves by linear interpolation between data points. To enter a cus-
tom FlexCurve™, enter the Reset/Operate time (using the VALUE keys) for each selected pickup point (using the
MESSAGE keys) for the desired protection curve (A, B, C, or D).

Table 5–3: FLEXCURVE™ TABLE

RESET TIME RESET TIME OPERATE TIME OPERATE TIME OPERATE TIME OPERATE TIME
MS MS MS MS MS MS

0.00 0.68 1.03 2.9 4.9 10.5

0.05 0.70 1.05 3.0 5.0 11.0

0.10 0.72 1.1 3.1 5.1 11.5

0.15 0.74 1.2 3.2 5.2 12.0

0.20 0.76 1.3 3.3 5.3 12.5

0.25 0.78 1.4 3.4 5.4 13.0

0.30 0.80 1.5 3.5 5.5 13.5 5

0.35 0.82 1.6 3.6 5.6 14.0

0.40 0.84 1.7 3.7 5.7 14.5

0.45 0.86 1.8 3.8 5.8 15.0

0.48 0.88 1.9 3.9 5.9 15.5

0.50 0.90 2.0 4.0 6.0 16.0

0.52 0.91 2.1 4.1 6.5 16.5

0.54 0.92 2.2 4.2 7.0 17.0

0.56 0.93 2.3 4.3 7.5 17.5

0.58 0.94 2.4 4.4 8.0 18.0

0.60 0.95 2.5 4.5 8.5 18.5

0.62 0.96 2.6 4.6 9.0 19.0

0.64 0.97 2.7 4.7 9.5 19.5

0.66 0.98 2.8 4.8 10.0 20.0

The relay using a given FlexCurve™ applies linear approximation for times between the user-entered
points. Special care must be applied when setting the two points that are close to the multiple of pickup of
NOTE
1, i.e. 0.98 pu and 1.03 pu. It is recommended to set the two times to a similar value; otherwise, the linear
approximation may result in undesired behavior for the operating quantity that is close to 1.00 pu.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-39

 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP 5 SETTINGS

a) FLEXCURVE CONFIGURATION WITH URPC

URPC allows for easy configuration and management of FlexCurves™ and their associated data points. Prospective Flex-
Curves™ can be configured from a selection of standard curves to provide the best approximate fit, then specific data
points can be edited afterwards. Alternately, curve data can be imported from a specified file (.csv format) by selecting the
Import Data From URPC setting.
Curves and data can be exported, viewed, and cleared by clicking the appropriate buttons. FlexCurves™ are customized
by editing the operating time (ms) values at pre-defined per-unit current multiples. Note that the pickup multiples start at
zero (implying the "reset time"), operating time below pickup, and operating time above pickup.

b) RECLOSER CURVE EDITING

Recloser Curve selection is special in that recloser curves can be shaped into a composite curve with a minimum response
time and a fixed time above a specified pickup multiples. There are 41 recloser curve types supported. These definite oper-
ating times are useful to coordinate operating times, typically at higher currents and where upstream and downstream pro-
tective devices have different operating characteristics. The Recloser Curve configuration window shown below appears
when the Initialize From URPC setting is set to "Recloser Curve" and the Initialize FlexCurve button is clicked.

Multiplier: Scales (multiplies) the curve operating times

Addr: Adds the time specified in this field (in ms) to each
curve operating time value.

Minimum Response Time (MRT): If enabled, the MRT setting

defines the shortest operating time even if the curve suggests

5
a shorter time at higher current multiples. A composite operating
characteristic is effectively defined. For current multiples lower
than the intersection point, the curve dictates the operating time;
otherwise, the MRT does. An information message appears
when attempting to apply an MRT shorter than the minimum
curve time.

High Current Time: Allows the user to set a pickup multiple

from which point onwards the operating time is fixed. This is
normally only required at higher current levels. The HCT Ratio
defines the high current pickup multiple; the HCT defines the
operating time.

Figure 5–11: RECLOSER CURVE INITIALIZATION

Multiplier and Adder settings only affect the curve portion of the characteristic and not the MRT and HCT settings.
The HCT settings override the MRT settings for multiples of pickup greater than the HCT Ratio.
NOTE

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 5 SETTINGS 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP

c) EXAMPLE
A composite curve can be created from the GE_111 standard with MRT = 200 ms and HCT initially disabled and then
enabled at 8 times pickup with an operating time of 30 ms. At approximately 4 times pickup, the curve operating time is
equal to the MRT and from then onwards the operating time remains at 200 ms (see below).

Figure 5–12: COMPOSITE RECLOSER CURVE WITH HCT DISABLED

With the HCT feature enabled, the operating time reduces to 30 ms for pickup multiples exceeding 8 times pickup.

Figure 5–13: COMPOSITE RECLOSER CURVE WITH HCT ENABLED

Configuring a composite curve with an increase in operating time at increased pickup multiples is not allowed. If this
is attempted, the URPC software generates an error message and discards the proposed changes.
NOTE

d) STANDARD RECLOSER CURVES

The standard Recloser curves available for the D60 are displayed in the following graphs.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-41

 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP 5 SETTINGS

1 GE106

0.5

0.2
TIME (sec)

GE103

GE104 GE105
0.1

0.05
GE101 GE102

0.02

0.01
1 1.2 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20
5 CURRENT (multiple of pickup)
Figure 5–14: RECLOSER CURVES GE101 TO GE106

50

20 GE142

10

5
GE138
TIME (sec)

1 GE120
GE113
0.5

0.2

0.1

0.05
1 1.2 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20
CURRENT (multiple of pickup)
Figure 5–15: RECLOSER CURVES GE113, GE120, GE138 AND GE142

5-42 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP

50

20

10
GE201
TIME (sec)

GE151
2

GE134 GE140
1
GE137

0.5

1 1.2 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

CURRENT (multiple of pickup)
Figure 5–16: RECLOSER CURVES GE134, GE137, GE140, GE151 AND GE201
5

50

GE152

20
TIME (sec)

GE141
10

GE131
5

GE200

2
1 1.2 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20
CURRENT (multiple of pickup)
Figure 5–17: RECLOSER CURVES GE131, GE141, GE152, AND GE200

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-43

 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP 5 SETTINGS

50

20
GE164
10

2
TIME (sec)

GE162
1

0.5
GE133
0.2
GE165
0.1

0.05
GE161
0.02 GE163

0.01
1 1.2 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20
CURRENT (multiple of pickup)
5 Figure 5–18: RECLOSER CURVES GE133, GE161, GE162, GE163, GE164 AND GE165

20
GE132
10

1
TIME (sec)

0.5 GE139

0.2
GE136
0.1
GE116
0.05
GE118 GE117

0.02

0.01
1 1.2 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20
CURRENT (multiple of pickup)
Figure 5–19: RECLOSER CURVES GE116, GE117, GE118, GE132, GE136, AND GE139

5-44 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP

20

10

5
GE122
2

1
TIME (sec)

0.5
GE114
0.2
GE111
GE121
0.1

0.05 GE115 GE112

GE107

0.02

0.01
1 1.2 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20
CURRENT (multiple of pickup)
Figure 5–20: RECLOSER CURVES GE107, GE111, GE112, GE114, GE115, GE121, AND GE122
5

50

20
GE202
10
TIME (sec)

GE135
2 GE119

0.5

0.2
1 1.2 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20
CURRENT (multiple of pickup)
Figure 5–21: RECLOSER CURVES GE119, GE135, AND GE202

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-45

 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS

5.4FLEXLOGIC™ 5.4.1 INTRODUCTION TO FLEXLOGIC™

To provide maximum flexibility to the user, the arrangement of internal digital logic combines fixed and user-programmed
parameters. Logic upon which individual features are designed is fixed, and all other logic, from digital input signals through
elements or combinations of elements to digital outputs, is variable. The user has complete control of all variable logic
through FlexLogic™. In general, the system receives analog and digital inputs which it uses to produce analog and digital
outputs. The major sub-systems of a generic UR relay involved in this process are shown below.

Figure 5–22: UR ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW

The states of all digital signals used in the UR are represented by flags (or FlexLogic™ operands, which are described later
in this section). A digital "1" is represented by a 'set' flag. Any external contact change-of-state can be used to block an ele-
ment from operating, as an input to a control feature in a FlexLogic™ equation, or to operate a contact output. The state of
the contact input can be displayed locally or viewed remotely via the communications facilities provided. If a simple scheme
where a contact input is used to block an element is desired, this selection is made when programming the element. This
capability also applies to the other features that set flags: elements, virtual inputs, remote inputs, schemes, and human
operators.
If more complex logic than presented above is required, it is implemented via FlexLogic™. For example, if it is desired to
have the closed state of contact input H7a and the operated state of the phase undervoltage element block the operation of
the phase time overcurrent element, the two control input states are programmed in a FlexLogic™ equation. This equation
ANDs the two control inputs to produce a "virtual output" which is then selected when programming the phase time overcur-
rent to be used as a blocking input. Virtual outputs can only be created by FlexLogic™ equations.
Traditionally, protective relay logic has been relatively limited. Any unusual applications involving interlocks, blocking, or
supervisory functions had to be hard-wired using contact inputs and outputs. FlexLogic™ minimizes the requirement for
auxiliary components and wiring while making more complex schemes possible.

5-46 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™

The logic that determines the interaction of inputs, elements, schemes and outputs is field programmable through the use
of logic equations that are sequentially processed. The use of virtual inputs and outputs in addition to hardware is available
internally and on the communication ports for other relays to use (distributed FlexLogic™).
FlexLogic™ allows users to customize the relay through a series of equations that consist of operators and operands. The
operands are the states of inputs, elements, schemes and outputs. The operators are logic gates, timers and latches (with
set and reset inputs). A system of sequential operations allows any combination of specified operands to be assigned as
inputs to specified operators to create an output. The final output of an equation is a numbered register called a virtual out-
put. Virtual outputs can be used as an input operand in any equation, including the equation that generates the output, as a
seal-in or other type of feedback.
A FlexLogic™ equation consists of parameters that are either operands or operators. Operands have a logic state of 1 or 0.
Operators provide a defined function, such as an AND gate or a Timer. Each equation defines the combinations of parame-
ters to be used to set a VIRTUAL OUTPUT flag. Evaluation of an equation results in either a 1 (= ON, i.e. flag set) or 0 (=
OFF, i.e. flag not set). Each equation is evaluated at least 4 times every power system cycle.
Some types of operands are present in the relay in multiple instances; e.g. contact and remote inputs. These types of oper-
ands are grouped together (for presentation purposes only) on the faceplate display. The characteristics of the different
types of operands are listed in the table below.

Table 5–4: UR FLEXLOGIC™ OPERAND TYPES

OPERAND TYPE STATE EXAMPLE FORMAT CHARACTERISTICS
[INPUT IS ‘1’ (= ON) IF...]
Contact Input On Cont Ip On Voltage is presently applied to the input (external contact
closed).
Off Cont Ip Off Voltage is presently not applied to the input (external
contact open).
Contact Output
(type Form-A contact
Voltage On Cont Op 1 VOn Voltage exists across the contact. 5
only) Voltage Off Cont Op 1 VOff Voltage does not exists across the contact.
Current On Cont Op 1 IOn Current is flowing through the contact.
Current Off Cont Op 1 IOff Current is not flowing through the contact.
Direct Input On DIRECT INPUT 1 On The direct input is presently in the ON state.
Element Pickup PHASE TOC1 PKP The tested parameter is presently above the pickup setting
(Analog) of an element which responds to rising values or below the
pickup setting of an element which responds to falling
values.
Dropout PHASE TOC1 DPO This operand is the logical inverse of the above PKP
operand.
Operate PHASE TOC1 OP The tested parameter has been above/below the pickup
setting of the element for the programmed delay time, or
has been at logic 1 and is now at logic 0 but the reset timer
has not finished timing.
Block PH DIR1 BLK The output of the comparator is set to the block function.
Element Pickup Dig Element 1 PKP The input operand is at logic 1.
(Digital)
Dropout Dig Element 1 DPO This operand is the logical inverse of the above PKP
operand.
Operate Dig Element 1 OP The input operand has been at logic 1 for the programmed
pickup delay time, or has been at logic 1 for this period and
is now at logic 0 but the reset timer has not finished timing.
Element Higher than Counter 1 HI The number of pulses counted is above the set number.
(Digital Counter)
Equal to Counter 1 EQL The number of pulses counted is equal to the set number.
Lower than Counter 1 LO The number of pulses counted is below the set number.
Fixed On On Logic 1
Off Off Logic 0
Remote Input On REMOTE INPUT 1 On The remote input is presently in the ON state.
Virtual Input On Virt Ip 1 On The virtual input is presently in the ON state.
Virtual Output On Virt Op 1 On The virtual output is presently in the set state (i.e.
evaluation of the equation which produces this virtual
output results in a "1").

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-47

 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS

The operands available for this relay are listed alphabetically by types in the following table.
Table 5–5: D60 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (SHEET 1 OF 6)
OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION
DIRECT DEVICES DIRECT DEVICE 1 On Flag is set, logic=1
↓ ↓
DIRECT DEVICE 8 On Flag is set, logic=1
DIRECT DEVICE 1 Off Flag is set, logic=1
↓ ↓
DIRECT DEVICE 8 Off Flag is set, logic=1
ELEMENT: AR ENABLED Autoreclosure is enabled and ready to perform
Autoreclose AR DISABLED Autoreclosure is disabled
(1P/3P) AR RIP Autoreclosure is in "Reclose in Progress" state
AR 1-P RIP A single-pole reclosure is in progress
AR 3-P/1 RIP A three-pole reclosure is in progress, via DEAD TIME 1
AR 3-P/2 RIP A three-pole reclosure is in progress, via DEAD TIME 2
AR LO Autoreclosure is in lockout state
AR BKR1 BLK Reclosure of Breaker 1 is blocked
AR BKR2 BLK Reclosure of Breaker 2 is blocked
AR CLOSE BKR1 Reclose Breaker 1 signal
AR CLOSE BKR2 Reclose Breaker 2 signal
AR FORCE 3-P TRIP Force any trip to a three-phase trip
AR SHOT CNT > 0 The first "CLOSE BKR X" signal has been issued
AR ZONE 1 EXTENT The Zone 1 Distance function must be set to the extended overreach value
AR INCOMPLETE SEQ The incomplete sequence timer timed out
AR RESET AR has been reset either manually or by the reset timer
ELEMENT: AUX OV1 PKP Auxiliary Overvoltage element has picked up
Auxiliary OV AUX OV1 DPO Auxiliary Overvoltage element has dropped out
AUX OV1 OP Auxiliary Overvoltage element has operated
ELEMENT: AUX UV1 PKP Auxiliary Undervoltage element has picked up
Auxiliary UV AUX UV1 DPO Auxiliary Undervoltage element has dropped out
AUX UV1 OP Auxiliary Undervoltage element has operated
5 ELEMENT:
Blocking Scheme
DIR BLOCK TX INIT
DIR BLOCK TX1 STOP
Directional blocking signal is initiated
Directional blocking scheme de-asserts transmit bit no. 1
DIR BLOCK TX2 STOP Directional blocking scheme de-asserts transmit bit no. 2
DIR BLOCK TX3 STOP Directional blocking scheme de-asserts transmit bit no. 3
DIR BLOCK TX4 STOP Directional blocking scheme de-asserts transmit bit no. 4
DIR BLOCK TRIP A Directional blocking scheme has operated to trip phase A
DIR BLOCK TRIP B Directional blocking scheme has operated to trip phase B
DIR BLOCK TRIP C Directional blocking scheme has operated to trip phase C
DIR BLOCK TRIP 3P Directional blocking scheme has tripped all 3 phases
DIR BLOCK OP Directional blocking scheme has operated
ELEMENT: BKR ARC 1 OP Breaker Arcing 1 is operated
Breaker Arcing BKR ARC 2 OP Breaker Arcing 2 is operated
ELEMENT BKR FAIL 1 RETRIPA Breaker Failure 1 re-trip phase A (only for 1-pole schemes)
Breaker Failure BKR FAIL 1 RETRIPB Breaker Failure 1 re-trip phase B (only for 1-pole schemes)
BKR FAIL 1 RETRIPC Breaker Failure 1 re-trip phase C (only for 1-pole schemes)
BKR FAIL 1 RETRIP Breaker Failure 1 re-trip 3-phase
BKR FAIL 1 T1 OP Breaker Failure 1 Timer 1 is operated
BKR FAIL 1 T2 OP Breaker Failure 1 Timer 2 is operated
BKR FAIL 1 T3 OP Breaker Failure 1 Timer 3 is operated
BKR FAIL 1 TRIP OP Breaker Failure 1 trip is operated
BKR FAIL 2 Same set of operands as shown for BKR FAIL 1
ELEMENT: BREAKER 1 OFF CMD Breaker 1 OFF command
Breaker Control BREAKER 1 ON CMD Breaker 1 ON command
BREAKER 1 φA CLSD Breaker 1 phase A is closed
BREAKER 1 φB CLSD Breaker 1 phase B is closed
BREAKER 1 φC CLSD Breaker 1 phase C is closed
BREAKER 1 CLOSED Breaker 1 is closed
BREAKER 1 OPEN Breaker 1 is open
BREAKER 1 DISCREP Breaker 1 has discrepancy
BREAKER 1 TROUBLE Breaker 1 trouble alarm
BREAKER 1 MNL CLS Breaker 1 manual close
BREAKER 1 TRIP A Breaker 1 trip phase A command
BREAKER 1 TRIP B Breaker 1 trip phase B command
BREAKER 1 TRIP C Breaker 1 trip phase C command
BREAKER 1 ANY P OPEN At least one pole of Breaker 1 is open
BREAKER 1 ONE P OPEN Only one pole of Breaker 1 is open
BREAKER 1 OOS Breaker 1 is out of service
BREAKER 2 Same set of operands as shown for BREAKER 1

5-48 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™

Table 5–5: D60 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (SHEET 2 OF 6)

OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION
ELEMENT: Counter 1 HI Digital Counter 1 output is ‘more than’ comparison value
Digital Counter Counter 1 EQL Digital Counter 1 output is ‘equal to’ comparison value
Counter 1 LO Digital Counter 1 output is ‘less than’ comparison value
↓ ↓
Counter 8 HI Digital Counter 8 output is ‘more than’ comparison value
Counter 8 EQL Digital Counter 8 output is ‘equal to’ comparison value
Counter 8 LO Digital Counter 8 output is ‘less than’ comparison value
ELEMENT: Dig Element 1 PKP Digital Element 1 is picked up
Digital Element Dig Element 1 OP Digital Element 1 is operated
Dig Element 1 DPO Digital Element 1 is dropped out
↓ ↓
Dig Element 16 PKP Digital Element 16 is picked up
Dig Element 16 OP Digital Element 16 is operated
Dig Element 16 DPO Digital Element 16 is dropped out
ELEMENT: SRCx 50DD OP Source x Disturbance Detector is operated
Disturbance
Detector
ELEMENT: DUTT TX1 Direct under-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit no. 1
DUTT DUTT TX2 Direct under-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit no. 2
DUTT TX3 Direct under-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit no. 3
DUTT TX4 Direct under-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit no. 4
DUTT TRIP A Direct under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase A
DUTT TRIP B Direct under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase B
DUTT TRIP C Direct under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase C
DUTT TRIP 3P Direct under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip all three phases
DUTT OP Direct under-reaching transfer trip has operated
ELEMENT: FxE 1 PKP FlexElement™ 1 has picked up
FlexElements™ FxE 1 OP FlexElement™ 1 has operated
FxE 1 DPO FlexElement™ 1 has dropped out
↓
FxE 8 PKP
↓
FlexElement™ 8 has picked up 5
FxE 8 OP FlexElement™ 8 has operated
FxE 8 DPO FlexElement™ 8 has dropped out
ELEMENT: GND DIST Z1 PKP Ground Distance Zone 1 has picked up
Ground Distance GND DIST Z1 OP Ground Distance Zone 1 has operated
GND DIST Z1 OP A Ground Distance Zone 1 phase A has operated
GND DIST Z1 OP B Ground Distance Zone 1 phase B has operated
GND DIST Z1 OP C Ground Distance Zone 1 phase C has operated
GND DIST Z1 PKP A Ground Distance Zone 1 phase A has picked up
GND DIST Z1 PKP B Ground Distance Zone 1 phase B has picked up
GND DIST Z1 PKP C Ground Distance Zone 1 phase C has picked up
GND DIST Z1 SUPN IN Ground Distance Zone 1 neutral is supervising
GND DIST Z1 DPO A Ground Distance Zone 1 phase A has dropped out
GND DIST Z1 DPO B Ground Distance Zone 1 phase B has dropped out
GND DIST Z1 DPO C Ground Distance Zone 1 phase C has dropped out
GND DIST Z2 DIR SUPN Ground Distance Zone 2 directional is supervising
GND DIST Z2 to Z4 Same set of operands as shown for GND DIST Z1
ELEMENT: GROUND IOC1 PKP Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 has picked up
Ground IOC GROUND IOC1 OP Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 has operated
GROUND IOC1 DPO Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 has dropped out
GROUND IOC2 Same set of operands as shown for GROUND IOC 1
ELEMENT: GROUND TOC1 PKP Ground Time Overcurrent 1 has picked up
Ground TOC GROUND TOC1 OP Ground Time Overcurrent 1 has operated
GROUND TOC1 DPO Ground Time Overcurrent 1 has dropped out
GROUND TOC2 Same set of operands as shown for GROUND TOC1
ELEMENT: HYBRID POTT TX1 Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit no. 1
Hybrid POTT HYBRID POTT TX2 Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit no. 2
HYBRID POTT TX3 Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit no. 3
HYBRID POTT TX4 Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit no. 4
HYBRID POTT TRIP A Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase A
HYBRID POTT TRIP B Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase B
HYBRID POTT TRIP C Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase C
HYBRID POTT TRIP 3P Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip has tripped all 3 phases
HYBRID POTT OP Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated
ELEMENT LATCH 1 ON Non-Volatile Latch 1 is ON (Logic = 1)
Non-Volatile LATCH 1 OFF Non-Voltage Latch 1 is OFF (Logic = 0)
Latches ↓ ↓
LATCH 16 ON Non-Volatile Latch 16 is ON (Logic = 1)
LATCH 16 OFF Non-Voltage Latch 16 is OFF (Logic = 0)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-49

 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS

Table 5–5: D60 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (SHEET 3 OF 6)

OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION
ELEMENT: LINE PICKUP OP Line Pickup has operated
Line Pickup LINE PICKUP PKP Line Pickup has picked up
LINE PICKUP DPO Line Pickup has dropped out
LINE PICKUP UV PKP Line Pickup Undervoltage has picked up
LINE PICKUP LEO PKP Line Pickup Line End Open has picked up
LINE PICKUP RCL TRIP Line Pickup operated from overreaching Zone 2 when reclosing the line
(Zone 1 extension functionality)
ELEMENT: LOAD ENCHR PKP Load Encroachment has picked up
Load Encroachment LOAD ENCHR OP Load Encroachment has operated
LOAD ENCHR DPO Load Encroachment has dropped out
ELEMENT: NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD Negative Sequence Directional OC1 Forward has operated
Negative Sequence NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV Negative Sequence Directional OC1 Reverse has operated
Directional OC NEG SEQ DIR OC2 FWD Negative Sequence Directional OC2 Forward has operated
NEG SEQ DIR OC2 REV Negative Sequence Directional OC2 Reverse has operated
ELEMENT: NEG SEQ IOC1 PKP Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 has picked up
Negative Sequence NEG SEQ IOC1 OP Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 has operated
IOC NEG SEQ IOC1 DPO Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 has dropped out
NEG SEQ IOC2 Same set of operands as shown for NEG SEQ IOC1
ELEMENT: NEG SEQ OV PKP Negative Sequence Overvoltage element has picked up
Negative Sequence NEG SEQ OV DPO Negative Sequence Overvoltage element has dropped out
OV NEG SEQ OV OP Negative Sequence Overvoltage element has operated
ELEMENT: NEG SEQ TOC1 PKP Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 1 has picked up
Negative Sequence NEG SEQ TOC1 OP Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 1 has operated
TOC NEG SEQ TOC1 DPO Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 1 has dropped out
NEG SEQ TOC2 Same set of operands as shown for NEG SEQ TOC1
ELEMENT: NEUTRAL IOC1 PKP Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 has picked up

5 Neutral IOC NEUTRAL IOC1 OP

NEUTRAL IOC1 DPO
Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 has operated
Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 has dropped out
NEUTRAL IOC2 Same set of operands as shown for NEUTRAL IOC1
ELEMENT: NEUTRAL OV1 PKP Neutral Overvoltage element has picked up
Neutral OV NEUTRAL OV1 DPO Neutral Overvoltage element has dropped out
NEUTRAL OV1 OP Neutral Overvoltage element has operated
ELEMENT: NEUTRAL TOC1 PKP Neutral Time Overcurrent 1 has picked up
Neutral TOC NEUTRAL TOC1 OP Neutral Time Overcurrent 1 has operated
NEUTRAL TOC1 DPO Neutral Time Overcurrent 1 has dropped out
NEUTRAL TOC2 Same set of operands as shown for NEUTRAL TOC1
ELEMENT: NTRL DIR OC1 FWD Neutral Directional OC1 Forward has operated
Neutral Directional NTRL DIR OC1 REV Neutral Directional OC1 Reverse has operated
NTRL DIR OC2 Same set of operands as shown for NTRL DIR OC1
ELEMENT: OPEN POLE OP ΦA Open pole condition is detected in phase A
Open Pole Detector OPEN POLE OP ΦB Open pole condition is detected in phase B
OPEN POLE OP ΦC Open pole condition is detected in phase C
OPEN POLE BKR ΦA OP Based on the breaker(s) auxiliary contacts, an open pole condition is
detected on phase A
OPEN POLE BKR ΦB OP Based on the breaker(s) auxiliary contacts, an open pole condition is
detected on phase B
OPEN POLE BKR ΦC OP Based on the breaker(s) auxiliary contacts, an open pole condition is
detected on phase C
OPEN POLE BLK N Blocking signal for neutral, ground, and negative-sequence overcurrent
element is established
OPEN POLE BLK AB Blocking signal for the AB phase distance elements is established
OPEN POLE BLK BC Blocking signal for the BC phase distance elements is established
OPEN POLE BLK CA Blocking signal for the CA phase distance elements is established
OPEN POLE OP Open pole detector is operated
ELEMENT: PH DIR1 BLK A Phase A Directional 1 Block
Phase Directional PH DIR1 BLK B Phase B Directional 1 Block
PH DIR1 BLK C Phase C Directional 1 Block
PH DIR1 BLK Phase Directional 1 Block
PH DIR2 Same set of operands as shown for PH DIR1

5-50 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™

Table 5–5: D60 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (SHEET 4 OF 6)

OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION
ELEMENT: PH DIST Z1 PKP Phase Distance Zone 1 has picked up
Phase Distance PH DIST Z1 OP Phase Distance Zone 1 has operated
PH DIST Z1 OP AB Phase Distance Zone 1 phase AB has operated
PH DIST Z1 OP BC Phase Distance Zone 1 phase BC has operated
PH DIST Z1 OP CA Phase Distance Zone 1 phase CA has operated
PH DIST Z1 PKP AB Phase Distance Zone 1 phase AB has picked up
PH DIST Z1 PKP BC Phase Distance Zone 1 phase BC has picked up
PH DIST Z1 PKP CA Phase Distance Zone 1 phase CA has picked up
PH DIST Z1 SUPN IAB Phase Distance Zone 1 phase AB IOC is supervising
PH DIST Z1 SUPN IBC Phase Distance Zone 1 phase BC IOC is supervising
PH DIST Z1 SUPN ICA Phase Distance Zone 1 phase CA IOC is supervising
PH DIST Z1 DPO AB Phase Distance Zone 1 phase AB has dropped out
PH DIST Z1 DPO BC Phase Distance Zone 1 phase BC has dropped out
PH DIST Z1 DPO CA Phase Distance Zone 1 phase CA has dropped out
PH DIST Z2 to Z4 Same set of operands as shown for PH DIST Z1
ELEMENT: PHASE IOC1 PKP At least one phase of PHASE IOC1 has picked up
Phase IOC PHASE IOC1 OP At least one phase of PHASE IOC1 has operated
PHASE IOC1 DPO At least one phase of PHASE IOC1 has dropped out
PHASE IOC1 PKP A Phase A of PHASE IOC1 has picked up
PHASE IOC1 PKP B Phase B of PHASE IOC1 has picked up
PHASE IOC1 PKP C Phase C of PHASE IOC1 has picked up
PHASE IOC1 OP A Phase A of PHASE IOC1 has operated
PHASE IOC1 OP B Phase B of PHASE IOC1 has operated
PHASE IOC1 OP C Phase C of PHASE IOC1 has operated
PHASE IOC1 DPO A Phase A of PHASE IOC1 has dropped out
PHASE IOC1 DPO B Phase B of PHASE IOC1 has dropped out
PHASE IOC1 DPO C Phase C of PHASE IOC1 has dropped out
PHASE IOC2 Same set of operands as shown for PHASE IOC1
ELEMENT: PHASE OV1 PKP At least one phase of OV1 has picked up
Phase OV PHASE OV1 OP
PHASE OV1 DPO
At least one phase of OV1 has operated
At least one phase of OV1 has dropped out 5
PHASE OV1 PKP A Phase A of OV1 has picked up
PHASE OV1 PKP B Phase B of OV1 has picked up
PHASE OV1 PKP C Phase C of OV1 has picked up
PHASE OV1 OP A Phase A of OV1 has operated
PHASE OV1 OP B Phase B of OV1 has operated
PHASE OV1 OP C Phase C of OV1 has operated
PHASE OV1 DPO A Phase A of OV1 has dropped out
PHASE OV1 DPO B Phase B of OV1 has dropped out
PHASE OV1 DPO C Phase C of OV1 has dropped out
ELEMENT PHASE SELECT AG Phase A to Ground fault is detected.
(Phase Select) PHASE SELECT BG Phase B to Ground fault is detected.
PHASE SELECT CG Phase C to Ground fault is detected.
PHASE SELECT SLG Single Line to Ground fault is detected.
PHASE SELECT AB Phase A to B fault is detected.
PHASE SELECT BC Phase B to C fault is detected.
PHASE SELECT CA Phase C to A fault is detected.
PHASE SELECT ABG Phase A to B to Ground fault is detected.
PHASE SELECT BCG Phase B to C to Ground fault is detected.
PHASE SELECT CAG Phase C to A to Ground fault is detected.
PHASE SELECT 3P Three-phase symmetrical fault is detected.
PHASE SELECT MULTI-P Multi-phase fault is detected
PHASE SELECT VOID Fault type cannot be detected
ELEMENT: PHASE TOC1 PKP At least one phase of PHASE TOC1 has picked up
Phase TOC PHASE TOC1 OP At least one phase of PHASE TOC1 has operated
PHASE TOC1 DPO At least one phase of PHASE TOC1 has dropped out
PHASE TOC1 PKP A Phase A of PHASE TOC1 has picked up
PHASE TOC1 PKP B Phase B of PHASE TOC1 has picked up
PHASE TOC1 PKP C Phase C of PHASE TOC1 has picked up
PHASE TOC1 OP A Phase A of PHASE TOC1 has operated
PHASE TOC1 OP B Phase B of PHASE TOC1 has operated
PHASE TOC1 OP C Phase C of PHASE TOC1 has operated
PHASE TOC1 DPO A Phase A of PHASE TOC1 has dropped out
PHASE TOC1 DPO B Phase B of PHASE TOC1 has dropped out
PHASE TOC1 DPO C Phase C of PHASE TOC1 has dropped out
PHASE TOC2 Same set of operands as shown for PHASE TOC1

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-51

 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS

Table 5–5: D60 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (SHEET 5 OF 6)

OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION
ELEMENT: PHASE UV1 PKP At least one phase of UV1 has picked up
Phase UV PHASE UV1 OP At least one phase of UV1 has operated
PHASE UV1 DPO At least one phase of UV1 has dropped out
PHASE UV1 PKP A Phase A of UV1 has picked up
PHASE UV1 PKP B Phase B of UV1 has picked up
PHASE UV1 PKP C Phase C of UV1 has picked up
PHASE UV1 OP A Phase A of UV1 has operated
PHASE UV1 OP B Phase B of UV1 has operated
PHASE UV1 OP C Phase C of UV1 has operated
PHASE UV1 DPO A Phase A of UV1 has dropped out
PHASE UV1 DPO B Phase B of UV1 has dropped out
PHASE UV1 DPO C Phase C of UV1 has dropped out
PHASE UV2 Same set of operands as shown for PHASE UV1
ELEMENT: POTT OP Permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated
POTT POTT TX1 Permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 1
POTT TX2 Permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 2
POTT TX3 Permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 3
POTT TX4 Permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 4
POTT TRIP A Permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip Phase A
POTT TRIP B Permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip Phase B
POTT TRIP C Permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip Phase C
POTT TRIP 3P Permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip all three phases
ELEMENT: POWER SWING OUTER Positive Sequence impedance in outer characteristic
Power Swing Detect POWER SWING MIDDLE Positive Sequence impedance in middle characteristic
POWER SWING INNER Positive Sequence impedance in inner characteristic
POWER SWING BLOCK Power Swing Blocking element operated
POWER SWING TMRX PKP Power Swing Timer X picked up
POWER SWING TRIP Out-of-step Tripping operated
ELEMENT: PUTT OP Permissive under-reaching transfer trip has operated
5 PUTT PUTT TX1
PUTT TX2
Permissive under-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 1
Permissive under-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 2
PUTT TX3 Permissive under-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 3
PUTT TX4 Permissive under-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 4
PUTT TRIP A Permissive under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip Phase A
PUTT TRIP B Permissive under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip Phase B
PUTT TRIP C Permissive under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip Phase C
PUTT TRIP 3P Permissive under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip all three phases
ELEMENT: SETTING GROUP ACT 1 Setting Group 1 is active
Setting Group ↓ ↓
SETTING GROUP ACT 6 Setting Group 6 is active
ELEMENT: SYNC 1 DEAD S OP Synchrocheck 1 dead source has operated
Synchrocheck SYNC 1 DEAD S DPO Synchrocheck 1 dead source has dropped out
SYNC 1 SYNC OP Synchrocheck 1 in synchronization has operated
SYNC 1 SYNC DPO Synchrocheck 1 in synchronization has dropped out
SYNC 1 CLS OP Synchrocheck 1 close has operated
SYNC 1 CLS DPO Synchrocheck 1 close has dropped out
SYNC 2 Same set of operands as shown for SYNC 1
ELEMENT TRIP 3-POLE Trip all three breaker poles
(Trip Output) TRIP 1-POLE A single-pole trip-and-reclose operation is initiated
TRIP PHASE A Trip breaker pole A, initiate phase A breaker fail and reclose
TRIP PHASE B Trip breaker pole B, initiate phase B breaker fail and reclose
TRIP PHASE C Trip breaker pole C, initiate phase C breaker fail and reclose
TRIP AR INIT 3-POLE Initiate a three-pole reclose
TRIP FORCE 3-POLE Three-pole trip must be initiated
ELEMENT: SRCx VT FF OP Source x VT Fuse Failure detector has operated
VTFF SRCx VT FF DPO Source x VT Fuse Failure detector has dropped out
SRCx VT FF VOL LOSS Source x has lost voltage signals (V2 above 25% or V1 below 70%
of nominal)
FIXED OPERANDS Off Logic = 0. Does nothing and may be used as a delimiter in an equation list;
used as ‘Disable’ by other features.
On Logic = 1. Can be used as a test setting.
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Cont Ip 1 On (will not appear unless ordered)
Contact Inputs Cont Ip 2 On (will not appear unless ordered)
↓ ↓
Cont Ip 1 Off (will not appear unless ordered)
Cont Ip 2 Off (will not appear unless ordered)
↓ ↓

5-52 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™

Table 5–5: D60 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (SHEET 6 OF 6)

OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Cont Op 1 IOn (will not appear unless ordered)
Contact Outputs, Cont Op 2 IOn (will not appear unless ordered)
Current ↓ ↓
(from detector on
Form-A output only) Cont Op 1 IOff (will not appear unless ordered)
Cont Op 2 IOff (will not appear unless ordered)
↓ ↓
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Cont Op 1 VOn (will not appear unless ordered)
Contact Outputs, Cont Op 2 VOn (will not appear unless ordered)
Voltage ↓ ↓
(from detector on
Form-A output only) Cont Op 1 VOff (will not appear unless ordered)
Cont Op 2 VOff (will not appear unless ordered)
↓ ↓
INPUTS/OUTPUTS DIRECT INPUT 1 On Flag is set, logic=1
Direct Inputs ↓ ↓
DIRECT INPUT 32 On Flag is set, logic=1
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: REMOTE INPUT 1 On Flag is set, logic=1
Remote Inputs ↓ ↓
REMOTE INPUT 32 On Flag is set, logic=1
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Virt Ip 1 On Flag is set, logic=1
Virtual Inputs ↓ ↓
Virt Ip 32 On Flag is set, logic=1
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Virt Op 1 On Flag is set, logic=1
Virtual Outputs ↓ ↓
Virt Op 64 On Flag is set, logic=1
REMOTE DEVICES REMOTE DEVICE 1 On Flag is set, logic=1
↓ ↓
REMOTE DEVICE 16 On
REMOTE DEVICE 1 Off
Flag is set, logic=1
Flag is set, logic=1
5
↓ ↓
REMOTE DEVICE 16 Off Flag is set, logic=1
RESETTING RESET OP Reset command is operated (set by all 3 operands below)
RESET OP (COMMS) Communications source of the reset command
RESET OP (OPERAND) Operand (assigned in the INPUTS/OUTPUTS !" RESETTING menu) source
of the reset command
RESET OP (PUSHBUTTON) Reset key (pushbutton) source of the reset command
SELF- ANY MAJOR ERROR Any of the major self-test errors generated (major error)
DIAGNOSTICS ANY MINOR ERROR Any of the minor self-test errors generated (minor error)
ANY SELF-TEST Any self-test errors generated (generic, any error)
LOW ON MEMORY See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
WATCHDOG ERROR See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
PROGRAM MEMORY See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
EEPROM DATA ERROR See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
PRI ETHERNET FAIL See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
SEC ETHERNET FAIL See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
BATTERY FAIL See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
SYSTEM EXCEPTION See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
EQUIPMENT MISMATCH See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
FLEXLOGIC ERR TOKEN See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
PROTOTYPE FIRMWARE See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
UNIT NOT CALIBRATED See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
NO DSP INTERRUPTS See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
DSP ERROR See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
IRIG-B FAILURE See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
REMOTE DEVICE OFF See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
DIRECT DEVICE OFF See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
DIRECT RING BREAK See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
SNTP FAILURE See description in the COMMANDS chapter.
USER- PUSHBUTTON x ON Pushbutton Number x is in the ’On’ position
PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTION x OFF Pushbutton Number x is in the ’Off’ position
PUSHBUTTONS

Some operands can be re-named by the user. These are the names of the breakers in the breaker control feature, the ID
(identification) of contact inputs, the ID of virtual inputs, and the ID of virtual outputs. If the user changes the default name/
ID of any of these operands, the assigned name will appear in the relay list of operands. The default names are shown in
the FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS table above.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-53

 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS

The characteristics of the logic gates are tabulated below, and the operators available in FlexLogic™ are listed in the FLEX-
LOGIC™ OPERATORS table.

Table 5–6: FLEXLOGIC™ GATE CHARACTERISTICS

GATES NUMBER OF INPUTS OUTPUT IS ‘1’ (= ON) IF...
NOT 1 input is ‘0’
OR 2 to 16 any input is ‘1’
AND 2 to 16 all inputs are ‘1’
NOR 2 to 16 all inputs are ‘0’
NAND 2 to 16 any input is ‘0’
XOR 2 only one input is ‘1’

Table 5–7: FLEXLOGIC™ OPERATORS

OPERATOR OPERATOR DESCRIPTION NOTES
TYPE SYNTAX
Editor INSERT Insert a parameter in an equation list.
DELETE Delete a parameter from an equation list.
End END The first END encountered signifies the last entry in
the list of FlexLogic™ parameters that is
processed.
One Shot POSITIVE ONE One shot that responds to a positive going edge. A ‘one shot’ refers to a single input gate
SHOT that generates a pulse in response to an
edge on the input. The output from a ‘one
NEGATIVE ONE One shot that responds to a negative going edge.
5 SHOT
DUAL ONE One shot that responds to both the positive and
shot’ is True (positive) for only one pass
through the FlexLogic™ equation. There is
a maximum of 32 ‘one shots’.
SHOT negative going edges.
Logic Gate NOT Logical Not Operates on the previous parameter.
OR(2) 2 input OR gate Operates on the 2 previous parameters.
↓ ↓ ↓
OR(16) 16 input OR gate Operates on the 16 previous parameters.
AND(2) 2 input AND gate Operates on the 2 previous parameters.
↓ ↓ ↓
AND(16) Operates on the 16 previous parameters.
16 input AND gate
NOR(2) 2 input NOR gate Operates on the 2 previous parameters.
↓ ↓ ↓
NOR(16) 16 input NOR gate Operates on the 16 previous parameters.
NAND(2) 2 input NAND gate Operates on the 2 previous parameters.
↓ ↓ ↓
NAND(16) 16 input NAND gate Operates on the 16 previous parameters.
XOR(2) 2 input Exclusive OR gate Operates on the 2 previous parameters.
LATCH (S,R) Latch (Set, Reset) - reset-dominant The parameter preceding LATCH(S,R) is
the Reset input. The parameter preceding
the Reset input is the Set input.
Timer TIMER 1 Timer as configured with FlexLogic™ Timer 1 The timer is started by the preceding
↓ settings. parameter. The output of the timer is
TIMER 32 ↓ TIMER #.
Timer as configured with FlexLogic™ Timer 32
settings.
Assign = Virt Op 1 Assigns previous FlexLogic™ parameter to Virtual The virtual output is set by the preceding
Virtual Output ↓ Output 1. parameter
= Virt Op 64 ↓
Assigns previous FlexLogic™ parameter to Virtual
Output 64.

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 5 SETTINGS 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™

5.4.2 FLEXLOGIC™ RULES

When forming a FlexLogic™ equation, the sequence in the linear array of parameters must follow these general rules:
1. Operands must precede the operator which uses the operands as inputs.
2. Operators have only one output. The output of an operator must be used to create a virtual output if it is to be used as
an input to two or more operators.
3. Assigning the output of an operator to a Virtual Output terminates the equation.
4. A timer operator (e.g. "TIMER 1") or virtual output assignment (e.g. " = Virt Op 1") may only be used once. If this rule is
broken, a syntax error will be declared.

5.4.3 FLEXLOGIC™ EVALUATION

Each equation is evaluated in the order in which the parameters have been entered.
FLEXLOGIC™ PROVIDES LATCHES WHICH BY DEFINITION HAVE A MEMORY ACTION, REMAINING IN
THE SET STATE AFTER THE SET INPUT HAS BEEN ASSERTED. HOWEVER, THEY ARE VOLATILE; I.E.
CAUTION
THEY RESET ON THE RE-APPLICATION OF CONTROL POWER.
WHEN MAKING CHANGES TO PROGRAMMING, ALL FLEXLOGIC™ EQUATIONS ARE RE-COMPILED
WHEN ANY NEW SETTING IS ENTERED, SO ALL LATCHES ARE AUTOMATICALLY RESET. IF IT IS
REQUIRED TO RE-INITIALIZE FLEXLOGIC™ DURING TESTING, FOR EXAMPLE, IT IS SUGGESTED TO
POWER THE UNIT DOWN AND THEN BACK UP.

5.4.4 FLEXLOGIC™ PROCEDURE EXAMPLE

5
This section provides an example of implementing logic for a typical application. The sequence of the steps is quite impor-
tant as it should minimize the work necessary to develop the relay settings. Note that the example presented in the figure
below is intended to demonstrate the procedure, not to solve a specific application situation.
In the example below, it is assumed that logic has already been programmed to produce Virtual Outputs 1 and 2, and is
only a part of the full set of equations used. When using FlexLogic™, it is important to make a note of each Virtual Output
used – a Virtual Output designation (1 to 64) can only be properly assigned once.
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1
State=ON

VIRTUAL OUTPUT 2
Set
State=ON
LATCH
VIRTUAL INPUT 1 OR #1 Reset
State=ON Timer 2
XOR Time Delay Operate Output
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 OR #2
on Dropout Relay H1
State=Pickup
(200 ms)

DIGITAL ELEMENT 2 Timer 1

State=Operated Time Delay
AND
on Pickup
(800 ms)
CONTACT INPUT H1c 827025A2.vsd
State=Closed

Figure 5–23: EXAMPLE LOGIC SCHEME

1. Inspect the example logic diagram to determine if the required logic can be implemented with the FlexLogic™ opera-
tors. If this is not possible, the logic must be altered until this condition is satisfied. Once this is done, count the inputs
to each gate to verify that the number of inputs does not exceed the FlexLogic™ limits, which is unlikely but possible. If
the number of inputs is too high, subdivide the inputs into multiple gates to produce an equivalent. For example, if 25
inputs to an AND gate are required, connect inputs 1 through 16 to one AND(16), 17 through 25 to another AND(9),
and the outputs from these two gates to a third AND(2).

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-55

 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS

Inspect each operator between the initial operands and final virtual outputs to determine if the output from the operator
is used as an input to more than one following operator. If so, the operator output must be assigned as a Virtual Output.
For the example shown above, the output of the AND gate is used as an input to both OR#1 and Timer 1, and must
therefore be made a Virtual Output and assigned the next available number (i.e. Virtual Output 3). The final output
must also be assigned to a Virtual Output as Virtual Output 4, which will be programmed in the contact output section
to operate relay H1 (i.e. Output Contact H1).
Therefore, the required logic can be implemented with two FlexLogic™ equations with outputs of Virtual Output 3 and
Virtual Output 4 as shown below.

VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1
State=ON

VIRTUAL OUTPUT 2
Set
State=ON
LATCH
VIRTUAL INPUT 1 OR #1 Reset
State=ON Timer 2
XOR Time Delay
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 OR #2 VIRTUAL OUTPUT 4
on Dropout
State=Pickup (200 ms)

DIGITAL ELEMENT 2 Timer 1

State=Operated Time Delay
AND
on Pickup
(800 ms)
CONTACT INPUT H1c
State=Closed VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3

827026A2.VSD

5 Figure 5–24: LOGIC EXAMPLE WITH VIRTUAL OUTPUTS

2. Prepare a logic diagram for the equation to produce Virtual Output 3, as this output will be used as an operand in the
Virtual Output 4 equation (create the equation for every output that will be used as an operand first, so that when these
operands are required they will already have been evaluated and assigned to a specific Virtual Output). The logic for
Virtual Output 3 is shown below with the final output assigned.

DIGITAL ELEMENT 2
State=Operated

AND(2) VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3

CONTACT INPUT H1c

State=Closed

827027A2.VSD

Figure 5–25: LOGIC FOR VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3

3. Prepare a logic diagram for Virtual Output 4, replacing the logic ahead of Virtual Output 3 with a symbol identified as
Virtual Output 3, as shown below.

VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1
State=ON

VIRTUAL OUTPUT 2
Set
State=ON
LATCH
VIRTUAL INPUT 1 OR #1 Reset
State=ON Timer 2
XOR Time Delay VIRTUAL
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 OR #2
on Dropout OUTPUT 4
State=Pickup
(200 ms)

Timer 1
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3 Time Delay
State=ON on Pickup
(800 ms)
CONTACT INPUT H1c
State=Closed 827028A2.VSD

Figure 5–26: LOGIC FOR VIRTUAL OUTPUT 4

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 5 SETTINGS 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™

4. Program the FlexLogic™ equation for Virtual Output 3 by translating the logic into available FlexLogic™ parameters.
The equation is formed one parameter at a time until the required logic is complete. It is generally easier to start at the
output end of the equation and work back towards the input, as shown in the following steps. It is also recommended to
list operator inputs from bottom to top. For demonstration, the final output will be arbitrarily identified as parameter 99,
and each preceding parameter decremented by one in turn. Until accustomed to using FlexLogic™, it is suggested that
a worksheet with a series of cells marked with the arbitrary parameter numbers be prepared, as shown below.

01
02
03
04
05

.....
97
98
99
827029A1.VSD

Figure 5–27: FLEXLOGIC™ WORKSHEET

5. Following the procedure outlined, start with parameter 99, as follows:
99: The final output of the equation is Virtual Output 3, which is created by the operator "= Virt Op n". This parameter
is therefore "= Virt Op 3." 5
98: The gate preceding the output is an AND, which in this case requires two inputs. The operator for this gate is a 2-
input AND so the parameter is “AND(2)”. Note that FlexLogic™ rules require that the number of inputs to most
types of operators must be specified to identify the operands for the gate. As the 2-input AND will operate on the
two operands preceding it, these inputs must be specified, starting with the lower.
97: This lower input to the AND gate must be passed through an inverter (the NOT operator) so the next parameter is
“NOT”. The NOT operator acts upon the operand immediately preceding it, so specify the inverter input next.
96: The input to the NOT gate is to be contact input H1c. The ON state of a contact input can be programmed to be
set when the contact is either open or closed. Assume for this example the state is to be ON for a closed contact.
The operand is therefore "Cont Ip H1c On".
95: The last step in the procedure is to specify the upper input to the AND gate, the operated state of digital element
2. This operand is "DIG ELEM 2 OP".
Writing the parameters in numerical order can now form the equation for VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3:
[95] DIG ELEM 2 OP
[96] Cont Ip H1c On
[97] NOT
[98] AND(2)
[99] = Virt Op 3

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 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS

It is now possible to check that this selection of parameters will produce the required logic by converting the set of parame-
ters into a logic diagram. The result of this process is shown below, which is compared to figure: LOGIC FOR VIRTUAL
OUTPUT 3 as a check.

FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
95 DIG ELEM 2 OP VIRTUAL
AND
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: OUTPUT 3
96 Cont Ip H1c On
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
97 NOT
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
98 AND (2)
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
99 =Virt Op 3
827030A2.VSD

Figure 5–28: FLEXLOGIC™ EQUATION & LOGIC FOR VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3

6. Repeating the process described for VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3, select the FlexLogic™ parameters for Virtual Output 4.
99: The final output of the equation is VIRTUAL OUTPUT 4 which is parameter “= Virt Op 4".
98: The operator preceding the output is Timer 2, which is operand “TIMER 2". Note that the settings required for the
timer are established in the timer programming section.
97: The operator preceding Timer 2 is OR #2, a 3-input OR, which is parameter “OR(3)”.
96: The lowest input to OR #2 is operand “Cont Ip H1c On”.
95: The center input to OR #2 is operand “TIMER 1".
94: The input to Timer 1 is operand “Virt Op 3 On".
5 93: The upper input to OR #2 is operand “LATCH (S,R)”.
92: There are two inputs to a latch, and the input immediately preceding the latch reset is OR #1, a 4-input OR, which
is parameter “OR(4)”.
91: The lowest input to OR #1 is operand “Virt Op 3 On".
90: The input just above the lowest input to OR #1 is operand “XOR(2)”.
89: The lower input to the XOR is operand “DIG ELEM 1 PKP”.
88: The upper input to the XOR is operand “Virt Ip 1 On".
87: The input just below the upper input to OR #1 is operand “Virt Op 2 On".
86: The upper input to OR #1 is operand “Virt Op 1 On".
85: The last parameter is used to set the latch, and is operand “Virt Op 4 On".
The equation for VIRTUAL OUTPUT 4 is:
[85] Virt Op 4 On
[86] Virt Op 1 On
[87] Virt Op 2 On
[88] Virt Ip 1 On
[89] DIG ELEM 1 PKP
[90] XOR(2)
[91] Virt Op 3 On
[92] OR(4)
[93] LATCH (S,R)
[94] Virt Op 3 On
[95] TIMER 1
[96] Cont Ip H1c On
[97] OR(3)
[98] TIMER 2
[99] = Virt Op 4

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 5 SETTINGS 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™

It is now possible to check that the selection of parameters will produce the required logic by converting the set of parame-
ters into a logic diagram. The result of this process is shown below, which is compared to figure: LOGIC FOR VIRTUAL
OUTPUT 4, as a check.

FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
85 Virt Op 4 On
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
86 Virt Op 1 On
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
87 Virt Op 2 On
Set
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
88 Virt Ip 1 On
LATCH
XOR OR Reset
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
89 DIG ELEM 1 PKP
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
90 XOR
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
91 Virt Op 3 On VIRTUAL
OR T2 OUTPUT 4
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
92 OR (4)
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
93 LATCH (S,R)
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
94 Virt Op 3 On T1
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
95 TIMER 1
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
96 Cont Ip H1c On

97
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
OR (3)
5
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
98 TIMER 2
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n:
99 =Virt Op 4 827031A2.VSD

Figure 5–29: FLEXLOGIC™ EQUATION & LOGIC FOR VIRTUAL OUTPUT 4

7. Now write the complete FlexLogic™ expression required to implement the required logic, making an effort to assemble
the equation in an order where Virtual Outputs that will be used as inputs to operators are created before needed. In
cases where a lot of processing is required to perform considerable logic, this may be difficult to achieve, but in most
cases will not cause problems because all of the logic is calculated at least 4 times per power frequency cycle. The
possibility of a problem caused by sequential processing emphasizes the necessity to test the performance of Flex-
Logic™ before it is placed in service.
In the following equation, Virtual Output 3 is used as an input to both Latch 1 and Timer 1 as arranged in the order
shown below:
DIG ELEM 2 OP
Cont Ip H1c On
NOT
AND(2)
= Virt Op 3
Virt Op 4 On
Virt Op 1 On
Virt Op 2 On
Virt Ip 1 On
DIG ELEM 1 PKP
XOR(2)
Virt Op 3 On
OR(4)
LATCH (S,R)
Virt Op 3 On
TIMER 1
Cont Ip H1c On

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-59

 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS

OR(3)
TIMER 2
= Virt Op 4
END
In the expression above, the Virtual Output 4 input to the 4-input OR is listed before it is created. This is typical of a
form of feedback, in this case, used to create a seal-in effect with the latch, and is correct.
8. The logic should always be tested after it is loaded into the relay, in the same fashion as has been used in the past.
Testing can be simplified by placing an "END" operator within the overall set of FlexLogic™ equations. The equations
will then only be evaluated up to the first "END" operator.
The "On" and "Off" operands can be placed in an equation to establish a known set of conditions for test purposes, and
the "INSERT" and "DELETE" commands can be used to modify equations.

5.4.5 FLEXLOGIC™ EQUATION EDITOR

PATH: SETTINGS !" FLEXLOGIC ! FLEXLOGIC EQUATION EDITOR

# FLEXLOGIC FLEXLOGIC ENTRY 1: Range: FlexLogic™ parameters

# EQUATION EDITOR END
↓

FLEXLOGIC ENTRY 512: Range: FlexLogic™ parameters

MESSAGE
END

There are 512 FlexLogic™ entries available, numbered from 1 to 512, with default ‘END’ entry settings. If a "Disabled" Ele-
5 ment is selected as a FlexLogic™ entry, the associated state flag will never be set to ‘1’. The ‘+/–‘ key may be used when
editing FlexLogic™ equations from the keypad to quickly scan through the major parameter types.

5.4.6 FLEXLOGIC™ TIMERS

PATH: SETTINGS !" FLEXLOGIC !" FLEXLOGIC TIMERS ! FLEXLOGIC TIMER 1(32)

# FLEXLOGIC TIMER 1 Range: millisecond, second, minute

# TIMER 1 TYPE: millisecond
TIMER 1 PICKUP Range: 0 to 60000 in steps of 1
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0
TIMER 1 DROPOUT Range: 0 to 60000 in steps of 1
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0

There are 32 identical FlexLogic™ timers available, numbered from 1 to 32. These timers can be used as operators for
FlexLogic™ equations.
• TIMER 1 TYPE: This setting is used to select the time measuring unit.
• TIMER 1 PICKUP DELAY: This setting is used to set the time delay to pickup. If a pickup delay is not required, set this
function to "0".
• TIMER 1 DROPOUT DELAY: This setting is used to set the time delay to dropout. If a dropout delay is not required,
set this function to "0".

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 5 SETTINGS 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™

5.4.7 FLEXELEMENTS™

PATH: SETTING !" FLEXLOGIC !" FLEXELEMENTS ! FLEXELEMENT 1(8)

# FLEXELEMENT 1 FLEXELEMENT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
FLEXELEMENT 1 NAME: Range: up to 6 alphanumeric characters
MESSAGE
FxE1
FLEXELEMENT 1 +IN Range: Off, any analog actual value parameter
MESSAGE
Off
FLEXELEMENT 1 -IN Range: Off, any analog actual value parameter
MESSAGE
Off
FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT Range: Signed, Absolute
MESSAGE
MODE: Signed
FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP Range: Level, Delta
MESSAGE
MODE: Level
FLEXELEMENT 1 Range: Over, Under
MESSAGE
DIRECTION: Over
FLEXELEMENT 1 Range: –90.000 to 90.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.000 pu
FLEXELEMENT 1 Range: 0.1 to 50.0% in steps of 0.1
MESSAGE
HYSTERESIS: 3.0% 5
FLEXELEMENT 1 dt Range: milliseconds, seconds, minutes
MESSAGE
UNIT: milliseconds
FLEXELEMENT 1 dt: Range: 20 to 86400 in steps of 1
MESSAGE
20
FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 sec. in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s
FLEXELEMENT 1 RST Range: 0.000 to 65.535 sec. in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s
FLEXELEMENT 1 Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
BLOCK: Off
FLEXELEMENT 1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
FLEXELEMENT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

A FlexElement™ is a universal comparator that can be used to monitor any analog actual value calculated by the relay or a
net difference of any two analog actual values of the same type. The effective operating signal could be treated as a signed
number or its absolute value could be used as per user's choice.
The element can be programmed to respond either to a signal level or to a rate-of-change (delta) over a pre-defined period
of time. The output operand is asserted when the operating signal is higher than a threshold or lower than a threshold as
per user's choice.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-61

 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS

SETTING
SETTINGS
FLEXELEMENT 1
FUNCTION: FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT
MODE:
Enabled = 1
FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP
MODE:
Disabled = 0
FLEXELEMENT 1
DIRECTION:
SETTING
FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP:
FLEXELEMENT 1 BLK:
FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT
AND HYSTERESIS:
Off = 0
FLEXELEMENT 1 dt UNIT: SETTINGS

SETTINGS FLEXELEMENT 1
FLEXELEMENT 1 dt: PICKUP DELAY:
FLEXELEMENT 1 +IN: FLEXELEMENT 1
RUN RESET DELAY:
Actual Value FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
+ tPKP
FLEXELEMENT 1 -IN: FxE 1 OP
- tRST
Actual Value FxE 1 DPO

FxE 1 PKP

ACTUAL VALUE

FlexElement 1 OpSig 842004A2.CDR

Figure 5–30: FLEXELEMENT™ SCHEME LOGIC

The FLEXELEMENT 1 +IN setting specifies the first (non-inverted) input to the FlexElement™. Zero is assumed as the input if
this setting is set to "Off". For proper operation of the element at least one input must be selected. Otherwise, the element
5 will not assert its output operands.
This FLEXELEMENT 1 –IN setting specifies the second (inverted) input to the FlexElement™. Zero is assumed as the input if
this setting is set to "Off". For proper operation of the element at least one input must be selected. Otherwise, the element
will not assert its output operands. This input should be used to invert the signal if needed for convenience, or to make the
element respond to a differential signal such as for a top-bottom oil temperature differential alarm. The element will not
operate if the two input signals are of different types, for example if one tries to use active power and phase angle to build
the effective operating signal.
The element responds directly to the differential signal if the FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT MODE setting is set to "Signed". The ele-
ment responds to the absolute value of the differential signal if this setting is set to "Absolute". Sample applications for the
"Absolute" setting include monitoring the angular difference between two phasors with a symmetrical limit angle in both
directions; monitoring power regardless of its direction, or monitoring a trend regardless of whether the signal increases of
decreases.
The element responds directly to its operating signal – as defined by the FLEXELEMENT 1 +IN, FLEXELEMENT 1 –IN and FLEX-
ELEMENT 1 INPUT MODE settings – if the FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE setting is set to "Threshold". The element responds to
the rate of change of its operating signal if the FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE setting is set to "Delta". In this case the FLEXELE-
MENT 1 dt UNIT and FLEXELEMENT 1 dt settings specify how the rate of change is derived.

The FLEXELEMENT 1 DIRECTION setting enables the relay to respond to either high or low values of the operating signal. The
following figure explains the application of the FLEXELEMENT 1 DIRECTION, FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP and FLEXELEMENT 1 HYS-
TERESIS settings.

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 5 SETTINGS 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™

FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP

FLEXELEMENT
DIRECTION = Over

HYSTERESIS = % of PICKUP

FlexElement 1 OpSig

PICKUP
FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP

FLEXELEMENT
DIRECTION = Under

HYSTERESIS = % of PICKUP

FlexElement 1 OpSig

PICKUP
842705A1.CDR

Figure 5–31: FLEXELEMENT™ DIRECTION, PICKUP, AND HYSTERESIS

In conjunction with the FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT MODE setting the element could be programmed to provide two extra charac-
teristics as shown in the figure below.

FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP

FLEXELEMENT
DIRECTION = Over;
5
FLEXELEMENT COMP
MODE = Signed;

FlexElement 1 OpSig

FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP

FLEXELEMENT
DIRECTION = Over;
FLEXELEMENT COMP
MODE = Absolute;

FlexElement 1 OpSig

FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP

FLEXELEMENT
DIRECTION = Under;
FLEXELEMENT COMP
MODE = Signed;

FlexElement 1 OpSig

FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP

FLEXELEMENT
DIRECTION = Under;
FLEXELEMENT COMP
MODE = Absolute;

FlexElement 1 OpSig
842706A1.CDR

Figure 5–32: FLEXELEMENT™ INPUT MODE SETTING

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 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS

The FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP setting specifies the operating threshold for the effective operating signal of the element. If set
to "Over", the element picks up when the operating signal exceeds the FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP value. If set to "Under", the
element picks up when the operating signal falls below the FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP value.
The FLEXELEMENT 1 HYSTERESIS setting controls the element dropout. It should be noticed that both the operating signal
and the pickup threshold can be negative facilitating applications such as reverse power alarm protection. The FlexEle-
ment™ can be programmed to work with all analog actual values measured by the relay. The FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP set-
ting is entered in pu values using the following definitions of the base units:

Table 5–8: FLEXELEMENT™ BASE UNITS

BREAKER ARCING AMPS BASE = 2000 kA2 × cycle
(Brk X Arc Amp A, B, and C)
dcmA BASE = maximum value of the DCMA INPUT MAX setting for the two transducers configured
under the +IN and –IN inputs.
FREQUENCY fBASE = 1 Hz
PHASE ANGLE ϕBASE = 360 degrees (see the UR angle referencing convention)
POWER FACTOR PFBASE = 1.00
RTDs BASE = 100°C
SOURCE CURRENT IBASE = maximum nominal primary RMS value of the +IN and –IN inputs
SOURCE POWER PBASE = maximum value of VBASE × IBASE for the +IN and –IN inputs
SOURCE VOLTAGE VBASE = maximum nominal primary RMS value of the +IN and –IN inputs
SYNCHROCHECK VBASE = maximum primary RMS value of all the sources related to the +IN and –IN inputs
(Max Delta Volts)

5 The FLEXELEMENT 1 HYSTERESIS setting defines the pickup–dropout relation of the element by specifying the width of the
hysteresis loop as a percentage of the pickup value as shown in the FLEXELEMENT DIRECTION, PICKUP, AND HYS-
TERESIS diagram.
The FLEXELEMENT 1 DT UNIT setting specifies the time unit for the setting FLEXELEMENT 1 dt. This setting is applicable only if
FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE is set to "Delta". The FLEXELEMENT 1 DT setting specifies duration of the time interval for the
rate of change mode of operation. This setting is applicable only if FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE is set to "Delta".
This FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP DELAY setting specifies the pickup delay of the element. The FLEXELEMENT 1 RST DELAY setting
specifies the reset delay of the element.

5-64 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™

5.4.8 NON-VOLATILE LATCHES

PATH: SETTINGS !" FLEXLOGIC !" NON-VOLATILE LATCHES

# NON-VOLATILE
# LATCHES

# LATCH 1
#

PUSHBUTTON 1 Range: Self-Reset, Latched, Disabled

FUNCTION: Disabled

LATCH 1 TYPE: Range: Reset Dominant, Set Dominant

Reset Dominant

LATCH 1 SET: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

Off

LATCH 1 RESET: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

Off

LATCH 1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

TARGET: Self-reset

LATCH 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

EVENTS: Disabled

# LATCH 2
# 5
↓

# LATCH 16
#

The non-volatile latches provide a permanent logical flag that is stored safely and will not reset upon reboot after the relay
is powered down. Typical applications include sustaining operator commands or permanently block relay functions, such as
Autorecloser, until a deliberate HMI action resets the latch. The settings, logic, and element operation are described below:
• LATCH 1 TYPE: This setting characterizes Latch 1 to be Set- or Reset-dominant.
• LATCH 1 SET: If asserted, the specified FlexLogic™ operands 'sets' Latch 1.
• LATCH 1 RESET: If asserted, the specified FlexLogic™ operand 'resets' Latch 1.

LATCH N LATCH N LATCH N LATCH N LATCH N

TYPE SET RESET ON OFF SETTING SETTING

Reset ON OFF ON OFF LATCH 1 FUNCTION: LATCH 1 TYPE:

Dominant Disabled = 0
OFF OFF Previous Previous RUN
State State Enabled = 1
SET
ON ON OFF ON
SETTING
OFF ON OFF ON FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
LATCH 1 SET:
Set ON OFF ON OFF LATCH LATCH 1 ON
Dominant Off = 0
ON ON ON OFF
LATCH 1 OFF
OFF OFF Previous Previous SETTING
State State
LATCH 1 RESET:
OFF ON OFF ON Off = 0 RESET

Figure 5–33: NON-VOLATILE LATCH OPERATION TABLE (N=1 TO 16) AND LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-65

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.5GROUPED ELEMENTS 5.5.1 OVERVIEW

Each protection element can be assigned up to six different sets of settings according to Setting Group designations 1 to 6.
The performance of these elements is defined by the active Setting Group at a given time. Multiple setting groups allow the
user to conveniently change protection settings for different operating situations (e.g. altered power system configuration,
season of the year). The active setting group can be preset or selected via the SETTING GROUPS menu (see the CON-
TROL ELEMENTS section). See also the INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTS section at the front of this chapter.

5.5.2 SETTING GROUP

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6)

# SETTING GROUP 1 # LINE PICKUP

See page 5-67.
# #
# DISTANCE
MESSAGE See page 5-69.
#
# POWER SWING
MESSAGE See page 5-83.
# DETECT
# LOAD ENCROACHMENT
MESSAGE See page 5-83.
#
# PHASE CURRENT
MESSAGE See page 5-96.
#

5 MESSAGE
# NEUTRAL CURRENT
#
See page 5-102.

# GROUND CURRENT
MESSAGE See page 5-109.
#
# NEGATIVE SEQUENCE
MESSAGE See page 5-111.
# CURRENT
# BREAKER FAILURE
MESSAGE See page 5-116.
#
# VOLTAGE ELEMENTS
MESSAGE See page 5-125.
#

Each of the six Setting Group menus is identical. SETTING GROUP 1 (the default active group) automatically becomes active
if no other group is active (see the CONTROL ELEMENTS section for additional details).

5-66 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

5.5.3 LINE PICKUP

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" LINE PICKUP

# LINE PICKUP LINE PICKUP Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
LINE PICKUP SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
PHASE IOC LINE Range: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.000 pu
POS SEQ UV Range: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 0.700 pu
LINE END OPEN PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.150 s
LINE END OPEN RESET Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.090 s
POS SEQ OV PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.040 s
AR CO-ORD BYPASS: Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
Enabled
AR CO-ORD PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.045 s 5
AR CO-ORD RESET Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.005 s
LINE PICKUP BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
LINE PICKUP Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
LINE PICKUP Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The line pickup feature uses a combination of undercurrent and undervoltage to identify a line that has been de-energized
(line end open). Three instantaneous overcurrent elements are used to identify a previously de-energized line that has
been closed onto a fault which could be due to maintenance grounds that have not been removed. Faults other than close-
in faults can be identified satisfactorily by the distance elements which initially will be self or faulted phase polarized and
then become memory polarized when a satisfactory memory signal is available.
Co-ordination features are included to ensure satisfactory operation when high speed ‘automatic reclosure (AR)’ is
employed. The AR CO-ORD DELAY setting allows the overcurrent setting to be below the expected load current seen after
reclose. Co-ordination is achieved by the Positive Sequence Overvoltage element picking up and blocking the trip path,
before the AR CO-ORD DELAY times out. The AR CO-ORD BYPASS setting is normally enabled. It is disabled if high speed AR
is implemented.
The positive sequence undervoltage pickup setting is based on phase to neutral quantities. If Delta VTs are used, then this
per unit pickup is based on the (VT SECONDARY setting) / 3 .
The line pickup protection incorporates Zone 1 extension capability. When the line is being re-energized from the local ter-
minal, pickup of an overreaching Zone 2 on excessive phase current within two power cycles after the autorecloser issues
a close command results in the LINE PICKUP RCL TRIP FlexLogic™ operand. Configure the LINE PICKUP RCL TRIP to
perform a trip action if the intent is apply Zone 1 extension.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-67

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

The Zone 1 extension philosophy used here is to operate normally from an underreaching zone, and use an overreaching
distance zone when reclosing the line with the other line end open. Another Zone 1 extension approach is to apply an over-
reaching zone permanently, and reduce the reach when reclosing. This philosophy can be programmed via the Autoreclose
scheme.

SETTING
LINE PICKUP
FUNCTION: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
Disabled=0 LINE PICKUP UV PKP
SETTING
Enabled=1
POS SEQ UV PICKUP: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
SETTING SETTINGS LINE PICKUP LEO PKP
AND RUN
LINE PICKUP LINE END OPEN (LEO=Line End Open)
V_1 < SETTING SETTINGS
BLOCK: PICKUP DELAY:
Off=0 AR CO-ORD
LINE END OPEN PICKUP DELAY:
RESET DELAY:
AR CO-ORD RESET
SETTING t PKP
AND DELAY:
t RST
LINE PICKUP SIGNAL
t PKP
SOURCE: AND t RST
V_1 SETTING SETTING
IA IA < 0.05 pu POS SEQ OV
IB IB < 0.05 pu AND PICKUP DELAY:
IC IC < 0.05 pu t PKP
t RST=0
SETTING
PHASE IOC
LINE PICKUP: FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
AND OR LINE PICKUP OP
RUN
IA > PICKUP LINE PICKUP PKP
SETTING IB > PICKUP OR
LINE PICKUP DPO

IC > PICKUP
AR CO-ORD BYPASS:

Disabled=0
Enabled=1

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS

5
AND
GND DIST Z2 PKP
OR
PH DIST Z2 PKP

OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
AND LINE PICKUP RCL TRIP
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS TIMER
AR CLOSE BKR1 0
OR 837000A9.CDR
AR CLOSE BKR2 2 cycles
D60 and L90 only

Figure 5–34: LINE PICKUP LOGIC

5-68 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

5.5.4 DISTANCE

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" DISTANCE

# DISTANCE DISTANCE Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

# SOURCE: SRC 1
MEMORY Range: 5 to 25 cycles
MESSAGE
DURATION: 10 cycles
# PHASE DISTANCE Z1
MESSAGE
#
# PHASE DISTANCE Z2
MESSAGE
#
# PHASE DISTANCE Z3
MESSAGE
#
# PHASE DISTANCE Z4
MESSAGE
#
# GROUND DISTANCE Z1
MESSAGE
#
# GROUND DISTANCE Z2
MESSAGE
#
# GROUND DISTANCE Z3
MESSAGE
# 5
# GROUND DISTANCE Z4
MESSAGE
#

Two common settings (DISTANCE SOURCE and MEMORY DURATION) and eight menus for four zones of phase and ground dis-
tance protection are available. The DISTANCE SOURCE identifies the Signal Source for all distance functions. The MHO dis-
tance functions use a dynamic characteristic: the positive-sequence voltage – either memorized or actual – is used as a
polarizing signal. The memory voltage is also used by the built-in directional supervising functions applied for both the MHO
and QUAD characteristics.
The MEMORY DURATION setting specifies the length of time a memorized positive-sequence voltage should be used in the
distance calculations. After this interval expires, the relay checks the magnitude of the actual positive-sequence voltage. If
it is higher than 10% of the nominal, the actual voltage is used, if lower – the memory voltage continues to be used.
The memory is established when the positive-sequence voltage stays above 80% of its nominal value for five power sys-
tem cycles. For this reason it is important to ensure that the nominal secondary voltage of the VT is entered correctly under
the SETTINGS " SYSTEM SETUP ! AC INPUTS !" VOLTAGE BANK menu.
Set MEMORY DURATION long enough to ensure stability on close-in reverse three-phase faults. For this purpose, the maxi-
mum fault clearing time (breaker fail time) in the substation should be considered. On the other hand, the MEMORY DURA-
TION cannot be too long as the power system may experience power swing conditions rotating the voltage and current
phasors slowly while the memory voltage is static, as frozen at the beginning of the fault. Keeping the memory in effect for
too long may eventually cause maloperation of the distance functions.
SETTING
UPDATE MEMORY
MEMORY DURATION:
RUN
0
tRST
SETTING
AND
DISTANCE SOURCE:
V_1 < 1.15 pu
AND
V_A, V_RMS_A V_RMS- V < V_RMS/8
5 cy
V_B, V_RMS_B V_RMS- V < V_RMS/8 AND 0 S Q
V_C, V_RMS_C V_RMS- V < V_RMS/8 Use V_1 mem
V_1 V_1 > 0.8 pu OR
IA IA < 0.05 pu Use V_1
R
AND
IB IB < 0.05 pu
IC IC < 0.05 pu AND
827842A3.CDR
V_1 < 0.1 pu

Figure 5–35: MEMORY VOLTAGE LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-69

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

a) PHASE DISTANCE Z1(4)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" DISTANCE !" PHASE DISTANCE Z1(Z4)

# PHASE DISTANCE Z1 PHS DIST Z1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
PHS DIST Z1 Range: Forward, Reverse
MESSAGE
DIRECTION: Forward
PHS DIST Z1 Range: Mho, Quad
MESSAGE
SHAPE: Mho
PHS DIST Z1 XFMR VOL Range: None, Dy1, Dy3, Dy5, Dy7, Dy9, Dy11, Yd1, Yd3,
MESSAGE Yd5, Yd7, Yd9, Yd11
CONNECTION: None
PHS DIST Z1 XFMR CUR Range: None, Dy1, Dy3, Dy5, Dy7, Dy9, Dy11, Yd1, Yd3,
MESSAGE Yd5, Yd7, Yd9, Yd11
CONNECTION: None
PHS DIST Z1 Range: 0.02 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
REACH: 2.00 Ω
PHS DIST Z1 Range: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
RCA: 85°
PHS DIST Z1 Range: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
COMP LIMIT: 90°
PHS DIST Z1 Range: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
DIR RCA: 85°
5 PHS DIST Z1 Range: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
DIR COMP LIMIT: 90°
PHS DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 0.02 to 500.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
RGT BLD: 10.00 Ω
PHS DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 60 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
RGT BLD RCA: 85°
PHS DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 0.02 to 500.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
LFT BLD: 10.00 Ω
PHS DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 60 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
LFT BLD RCA: 85°
PHS DIST Z1 Range: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
SUPV: 0.200 pu
PHS DIST Z1 VOLT Range: 0.000 to 5.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
LEVEL: 0.000 pu
PHS DIST Z1 Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s
PHS DIST Z1 BLK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
PHS DIST Z1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
PHS DIST Z1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled
The phase MHO distance function uses a dynamic 100% memory-polarized mho characteristic with additional reactance,
directional, and overcurrent supervising characteristics. The phase quad distance function is comprised of a reactance
characteristic, right and left blinders, and 100% memory-polarized directional and current supervising characteristics. Addi-
tional details may be found in the THEORY OF OPERATION chapter.

5-70 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

Four zones of phase distance protection are provided. Each zone is configured individually through its own setting menu.
All of the settings can be independently modified for each of the zones except:
1. The SIGNAL SOURCE setting (common for phase and ground elements of all zones as entered under SETTINGS !"
GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" DISTANCE).

2. The MEMORY DURATION setting (common for phase and ground elements of all zones as entered under SETTINGS !"
GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" DISTANCE).

The common distance settings described earlier must be properly chosen for correct operation of the phase distance ele-
ments. Even though all four zones can be used as either instantaneous elements (pickup [PKP] and dropout [DPO] Flex-
Logic™ signals) or time-delayed elements (operate [OP] FlexLogic™ signals), only Zone 1 is intended for the
instantaneous under-reaching tripping mode.
Ensure that the PHASE VT SECONDARY VOLTAGE setting (see the SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP ! AC INPUTS !"
VOLTAGE BANK menu) is set correctly to prevent improper operation of associated memory action.
WARNING

• PHS DIST Z1 DIRECTION: All four zones are reversible. The forward direction by the PHS DIST Z1 RCA setting,
whereas the reverse direction is shifted 180° from that angle.
• PHS DIST Z1 SHAPE: This setting selects the shape of the phase distance function between the mho and quad char-
acteristics. The selection is available on a per-zone basis. The two characteristics and their possible variations are
shown in the following figures.

COMP LIMIT
5
DIR COMP LIMIT
H
REAC

DIR COMP LIMIT

DIR RCA
RCA

837720A1.CDR

Figure 5–36: MHO DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC

COMP LIMIT
COMP LIMIT

DIR COMP LIMIT

REACH

DIR COMP LIMIT

DIR RCA
LFT BLD RCA RCA RGT BLD RCA

R
-LFT BLD RGT BLD

Figure 5–37: QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-71

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

X RCA = 80o X RCA = 80o

COMP LIMIT = 90o COMP LIMIT = 90o
DIR RCA = 80o DIR RCA = 80o
DIR COMP LIMIT = 90o DIR COMP LIMIT = 60o

H
REAC

REAC
R R

X RCA = 90o X RCA = 80o

COMP LIMIT = 90o COMP LIMIT = 60o
DIR RCA = 45o DIR RCA = 80o
DIR COMP LIMIT = 90o DIR COMP LIMIT = 60o
REACH

H
REAC
R R

837722A1.CDR

5 Figure 5–38: MHO DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC SAMPLE SHAPES

RCA = 80o RCA = 80o

COMP LIMIT = 90o COMP LIMIT = 90o
DIR RCA = 80o DIR RCA = 80o
X DIR COMP LIMIT = 90o X DIR COMP LIMIT = 60o
RGT BLD RCA = 80o RGT BLD RCA = 80o
LFT BLD RCA = 80o LFT BLD RCA = 80o
H

H
REAC

REAC

R R

RCA = 90o RCA = 80o

COMP LIMIT = 90o COMP LIMIT = 80o
DIR RCA = 45o DIR RCA = 45o
X DIR COMP LIMIT = 90o X DIR COMP LIMIT = 60o
RGT BLD RCA = 90o RGT BLD RCA = 80o
LFT BLD RCA = 90o LFT BLD RCA = 80o
H
REACH

REAC

R R

837723A1.CDR

Figure 5–39: QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC SAMPLE SHAPES

5-72 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

• PHS DIST Z1 XFMR VOL CONNECTION: The phase distance elements can be applied to look through a three-phase
delta-wye or wye-delta power transformer. In addition, VTs and CTs could be located independently from one another
at different windings of the transformer. If the potential source is located at the correct side of the transformer, this set-
ting shall be set to "None".
This setting specifies the location of the voltage source with respect to the involved power transformer in the direction
of the zone. The following figure illustrates the usage of this setting. In section (a), Zone 1 is looking through a trans-
former from the delta into the wye winding. Therefore, the Z1 setting shall be set to "Dy11". In section (b), Zone 4 is
looking through a transformer from the wye into the delta winding. Therefore, the Z4 setting shall be set to "Yd1".
The zone is restricted by the potential point (location of the VTs) as illustrated in Figure (e).
See the THEORY OF OPERATION chapter for more details, and the APPLICATION OF SETTINGS chapter for infor-
mation on how to calculate distance reach settings in applications involving power transformers.
• PHS DIST Z1 XFMR CUR CONNECTION: This setting specifies the location of the current source with respect to the
involved power transformer in the direction of the zone. The following figure illustrates the usage of this setting. In sec-
tion (a), Zone 1 is looking through a transformer from the delta into the wye winding. Therefore, the Z1 setting shall be
set to "Dy11". In section (b), the CTs are located at the same side as the read point. Therefore, the Z4 setting shall be
set to "None".
See the THEORY OF OPERATION chapter for more details, and the APPLICATION OF SETTINGS chapter for infor-
mation on how to calculate distance reach settings in applications involving power transformers.

(a) (b)
delta wye, 330o lag delta wye, 330o lag

5
Z4 Z4

Z4 XFRM VOL CONNECTION = None Z4 XFRM VOL CONNECTION = Yd1

Z4 XFRM CUR CONNECTION = None Z4 XFRM CUR CONNECTION = None

Z1 Z1

Z1 XFRM VOL CONNECTION = Dy11 Z1 XFRM VOL CONNECTION = None

Z1 XFRM CUR CONNECTION = Dy11 Z1 XFRM CUR CONNECTION = Dy11

(c) (e)
delta wye, 330o lag

L1 L2

Z4 Zone 4
Zone 1
Z4 XFRM VOL CONNECTION = None
Z4 XFRM CUR CONNECTION = Yd1 ZL1 ZT ZL2

Z1

Z1 XFRM VOL CONNECTION = Dy11

Z1 XFRM CUR CONNECTION = None

Figure 5–40: APPLICATIONS OF THE PH DIST XFMR VOL/CUR CONNECTION SETTINGS

• PHS DIST Z1 REACH: This setting defines the zone reach. The reach impedance is entered in secondary ohms. The
reach impedance angle is entered as the PHS DIST Z1 RCA setting.
Zone 1 is characterized by transient overreach of less than 5% under Source Impedance Ratios of up to 30. When set-
ting an under-reaching Zone 1 for direct tripping and under-reaching pilot schemes (DUTT, PUTT) other factors should
be also considered as per rules of distance relaying.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-73

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

• PHS DIST Z1 RCA: This setting specifies the characteristic angle (similar to the "maximum torque angle" in previous
technologies) of the phase distance characteristic. The setting is an angle of reach impedance as shown in MHO DIS-
TANCE CHARACTERISTIC and QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC figures.
This setting is independent from PHS DIST Z1 DIR RCA, the characteristic angle of an extra directional supervising func-
tion.
• PHS DIST Z1 COMP LIMIT: This setting shapes the operating characteristic. In particular, it produces the lens-type
characteristic of the MHO function and a tent-shaped characteristic of the reactance boundary of the quad function.
If the mho shape is selected, the same limit angle applies to both the mho and supervising reactance comparators. In
conjunction with the mho shape selection, the setting improves loadability of the protected line. In conjunction with the
quad characteristic, this setting improves security for faults close to the reach point by adjusting the reactance bound-
ary into a tent-shape.
• PHS DIST Z1 DIR RCA: This setting selects the characteristic angle (or "maximum torque angle") of the directional
supervising function. If the mho shape is applied, the directional function is an extra supervising function as the
dynamic mho characteristic itself is a directional one. In conjunction with the quad shape selection, this setting defines
the only directional function built into the phase distance element. The directional function uses the memory voltage for
polarization.
This setting typically equals the distance characteristic angle PHS DIST Z1 RCA.
• PHS DIST Z1 DIR COMP LIMIT: Selects the comparator limit angle for the directional supervising function.
• PHS DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD: This setting defines the right blinder position of the quad characteristic along the
resistive axis of the impedance plane (see the QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC figure). The angular position of
the blinder is adjustable with the use of the PHS DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA setting.
This setting applies only to the quad characteristic and should be set giving consideration to the maximum load current
5 and required resistive coverage.
• PHS DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA: This setting defines the angular position of the right blinder of the quad charac-
teristic (see the QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC figure). This setting applies only to the quad characteristic.
• PHS DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD: This setting defines the left blinder position of the quad characteristic along the resis-
tive axis of the impedance plane (see the QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC figure). The angular position of the
blinder is adjustable with the use of the PHS DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA setting. This setting applies only to the quad
characteristic and should be set with consideration to the maximum load current.
• PHS DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA: This setting defines the angular position of the left blinder of the quad character-
istic (see the QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC figure). This setting applies only to the quad characteristic.
• PHS DIST Z1 SUPV: The phase distance elements are supervised by the magnitude of the line-to-line current (fault
loop current used for the distance calculations). For convenience, 3 is accommodated by the pickup (i.e., before
being used, the entered value of the threshold setting is multiplied by 3 ).
If the minimum fault current level is sufficient, the current supervision pickup should be set above maximum full load
current preventing maloperation under VT fuse fail conditions. This requirement may be difficult to meet for remote
faults at the end of Zones 2 through 4. If this is the case, the current supervision pickup would be set below the full load
current, but this may result in maloperation during fuse fail conditions.
Zone 1 is sealed-in with the current supervision.
• PHS DIST Z1 VOLT LEVEL: This setting is relevant for applications on series-compensated lines, or in general, if
series capacitors are located between the relaying point and a point where the zone shall not overreach. For plain
(non-compensated) lines, set to zero. Otherwise, the setting is entered in per unit of the phase VT bank configured
under the DISTANCE SOURCE. See the THEORY OF OPERATION chapter for more details, and the APPLICATION OF
SETTINGS chapter for information on how to calculate this setting for applications on series compensated lines.
• PHS DIST Z1 DELAY: This setting enables the user to delay operation of the distance elements and implement
stepped distance protection. The distance element timers for Zones 2 through 4 apply a short dropout delay to cope
with faults located close to the zone boundary when small oscillations in the voltages and/or currents could inadvert-
ently reset the timer. Zone 1 does not need any drop out delay since it is sealed-in by the presence of current.
• PHS DIST Z1 BLK: This setting enables the user to select a FlexLogic™ operand to block a given distance element.
VT fuse fail detection is one of the applications for this setting.

5-74 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

AND
OR

SETTING FLEXLOGIC OPERAND

AND
PHS DIST Z1
OR OR PH DIST Z1 OP
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS DELAY:

PH DIST Z1 PKP AB t PKP

0

PH DIST Z1 PKP BC t PKP AND

0
OR
PH DIST Z1 PKP CA t PKP
0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS

PH DIST Z1 SUPN IAB PH DIST Z1 OP AB

AND

PH DIST Z1 SUPN IBC PH DIST Z1 OP BC

AND

PH DIST Z1 SUPN ICA PH DIST Z1 OP CA

AND

OPEN POLE OP *

NOTE: * D60 Only. Other UR models apply regular current seal-in for Z1. 837017A6.CDR

Figure 5–41: PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 1 OP SCHEME

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
SETTING PH DIST Z2 OP AB
PHS DIST Z2 PH DIST Z2 OP BC
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS DELAY: PH DIST Z2 OP CA
t PKP
PH DIST Z2 PKP AB

5
20 msec
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
t PKP
PH DIST Z2 PKP BC OR PH DIST Z2 OP
20 msec
t PKP
PH DIST Z2 PKP CA
20 msec 837020A4.CDR

Figure 5–42: PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 2 TO ZONE 4 OP SCHEME

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-75

 5

5-76
SETTINGS
PHS DIST Z1 XFMR
VOL CONNECTION:
PHS DIST Z1 XFMR
CUR CONNECTION:
PHS DIST Z1 DIRECTION:
PHS DIST Z1 SHAPE:
PHS DIST Z1 REACH:
PHS DIST Z1 RCA:
PHS DIST Z1 COMP LIMIT:
SETTINGS PHS DIST Z1 DIR RCA:
5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

PHS DIST Z1
PHS DIST Z1 FUNCTION:
DIR COMP LIMIT:
Disable=0 PHS DIST Z1 VOLT
Enable=1 LEVEL:
PHS DIST Z1 QUAD
SETTING RGT BLD:
AND
PHS DIST Z1 QUAD
PHS DIST Z1 BLK:
RGT BLD RCA:
QUAD ONLY
Off=0 PHS DIST Z1 QUAD
LFT BLD:
SETTING PHS DIST Z1 QUAD
LFT BLD RCA:
DISTANCE SOURCE:
RUN
IA-IB
A-B ELEMENT FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
IB-IC
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
IC-IA AND PH DIST Z1 PKP AB
OPEN POLE BLK AB
VT CONNECTION RUN
WYE DELTA PH DIST Z1 DPO AB
B-C ELEMENT
VAG-VBG VAB

D60 Line Distance Relay

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
VBG-VCG VBC AND PH DIST Z1 PKP BC
OPEN POLE BLK BC
D60 ONLY
VCG-VAG VCA RUN
V_1 PH DIST Z1 DPO BC
C-A ELEMENT
I_1
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
MEMORY AND PH DIST Z1 PKP CA
OPEN POLE BLK CA

V_1 > 0.80pu PH DIST Z1 DPO CA

1 CYCLE
OR
1 CYCLE
I_1 > 0.025pu OR PH DIST Z1 PKP

Figure 5–43: PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 1 TO ZONE 4 SCHEME LOGIC

SETTING
PHS DIST Z1
SUPV: FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
RUN
PH DIST Z1 SUPN IAB
IA - IB > 3 PICKUP
RUN
PH DIST Z1 SUPN IBC
IB - IC > 3 PICKUP
RUN
PH DIST Z1 SUPN ICA
IC - IA > 3 PICKUP 837002AE.CDR
5 SETTINGS

GE Multilin
 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

b) GROUND DISTANCE Z1(4)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" DISTANCE !" GROUND DISTANCE Z1(Z4)

# GROUND DISTANCE Z1 GND DIST Z1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
GND DIST Z1 Range: Forward, Reverse
MESSAGE
DIRECTION: Forward
GND DIST Z1 Range: Mho, Quad
MESSAGE
SHAPE: Mho
GND DIST Z1 Range: 0.50 to 7.00 in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
Z0/Z1 MAG: 2.70
GND DIST Z1 Range: –90 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
Z0/Z1 ANG: 0°
GND DIST Z1 Range: 0.00 to 7.00 in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
ZOM/Z1 MAG: 0.00
GND DIST Z1 Range: –90 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
ZOM/Z1 ANG: 0°
GND DIST Z1 Range: 0.02 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
REACH: 2.00 Ω
GND DIST Z1 Range: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
RCA: 85°
GND DIST Z1 Range: 30 to 90° in steps of 1 5
MESSAGE
COMP LIMIT: 90°
GND DIST Z1 Range: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
DIR RCA: 85°
GND DIST Z1 Range: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
DIR COMP LIMIT: 90°
GND DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 0.02 to 500.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
RGT BLD: 10.00 Ω
GND DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 60 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
RGT BLD RCA: 85°
GND DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 0.02 to 500.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
LFT BLD: 10.00 Ω
GND DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 60 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
LFT BLD RCA: 85°
GND DIST Z1 Range: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
SUPV: 0.200 pu
GND DIST Z1 VOLT Range: 0.000 to 5.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
LEVEL: 0.000 pu
GND DIST Z1 Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY:0.000 s
GND DIST Z1 BLK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
GND DIST Z1 Range: Self-Rest, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-Reset

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-77

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

GND DIST Z1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The ground MHO distance function uses a dynamic 100% memory-polarized mho characteristic with additional reactance,
directional, current, and phase selection supervising characteristics. The ground quadrilateral distance function is com-
posed of a reactance characteristic, right and left blinders, and 100% memory-polarized directional, overcurrent, and phase
selection supervising characteristics.
The reactance supervision uses zero-sequence current as a polarizing quantity making the characteristic adaptable to the
pre-fault power flow. The directional supervision uses memory voltage as polarizing quantity and both zero- and negative-
sequence currents as operating quantities.
The phase selection supervision restrains the ground elements during double-line-to-ground faults as they – by principles
of distance relaying – may be inaccurate in such conditions. Ground distance Zones 2 through 4 apply additional zero-
sequence directional supervision. See the THEORY OF OPERATION chapter for additional details.
Four zones of ground distance protection are provided. Each zone is configured individually through its own setting menu.
All of the settings can be independently modified for each of the zones except:
1. The SIGNAL SOURCE setting (common for both phase and ground elements for all four zones as entered under the SET-
TINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" DISTANCE menu).

2. The MEMORY DURATION setting (common for both phase and ground elements for all four zones as entered under the
SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" DISTANCE menu).

The common distance settings noted at the start of the DISTANCE section must be properly chosen for correct operation of
the ground distance elements.
Although all four zones can be used as either instantaneous elements (pickup [PKP] and dropout [DPO] FlexLogic™ sig-

5 nals) or time-delayed elements (operate [OP] FlexLogic™ signals), only Zone 1 is intended for the instantaneous under-
reaching tripping mode.
Ensure that the PHASE VT SECONDARY VOLTAGE (see the SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP ! AC INPUTS !" VOLTAGE
BANK menu) is set correctly to prevent improper operation of associated memory action.
WARNING

• GND DIST Z1 DIRECTION: All four zones are reversible. The forward direction is defined by the GND DIST Z1 RCA set-
ting and the reverse direction is shifted by 180° from that angle.
• GND DIST Z1 SHAPE: This setting selects the shape of the ground distance characteristic between the mho and quad
characteristics. The selection is available on a per-zone basis.
• GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 MAG: This setting specifies the ratio between the zero-sequence and positive-sequence imped-
ance required for zero-sequence compensation of the ground distance elements. This setting is available on a per-
zone basis, enabling precise settings for tapped, non-homogeneous, and series compensated lines.
• GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 ANG: This setting specifies the angle difference between the zero-sequence and positive-
sequence impedance required for zero-sequence compensation of the ground distance elements. The entered value is
the zero-sequence impedance angle minus the positive-sequence impedance angle. This setting is available on a per-
zone basis, enabling precise values for tapped, non-homologous, and series-compensated lines.
• GND DIST Z1 ZOM/Z1 MAG: The ground distance elements can be programmed to apply compensation for the zero-
sequence mutual coupling between parallel lines. If this compensation is required, the ground current from the parallel
line (3I_0) measured in the direction of the zone being compensated must be connected to the ground input CT of the
CT bank configured under the DISTANCE SOURCE. This setting specifies the ratio between the magnitudes of the mutual
zero-sequence impedance between the lines and the positive-sequence impedance of the protected line. It is impera-
tive to set this setting to zero if the compensation is not to be performed.
• GND DIST Z1 ZOM/Z1 ANG: This setting specifies the angle difference between the mutual zero-sequence imped-
ance between the lines and the positive-sequence impedance of the protected line.
• GND DIST Z1 REACH: This setting defines the reach of the zone. The angle of the reach impedance is entered as the
GND DIST Z1 RCA setting. The reach impedance is entered in secondary ohms.

• GND DIST Z1 RCA: The characteristic angle (similar to the "maximum torque angle" in previous technologies) of the
ground distance characteristic is specified by this setting. It is set as an angle of reach impedance as shown in the

5-78 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

MHO DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC and QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC figures. This setting is independent
from the GND DIST Z1 DIR RCA setting (the characteristic angle of an extra directional supervising function).
The relay internally performs zero-sequence compensation for the protected circuit based on the values
entered for GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 MAG and GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 ANG, and if configured to do so, zero-sequence com-
NOTE
pensation for mutual coupling based on the values entered for GND DIST Z1 Z0M/Z1 MAG and GND DIST Z1 Z0M/Z1
ANG (see the THEORY of OPERATION chapter for details). The GND DIST Z1 REACH and GND DIST Z1 RCA
should, therefore, be entered in terms of positive sequence quantities.
• GND DIST Z1 COMP LIMIT: This setting shapes the operating characteristic. In particular, it enables a lens-shaped
characteristic of the mho function and a tent-shaped characteristic of the quad function reactance boundary. If the mho
shape is selected, the same limit angle applies to mho and supervising reactance comparators. In conjunction with the
mho shape selection, this setting improves loadability of the protected line. In conjunction with the quad characteristic,
this setting improves security for faults close to the reach point by adjusting the reactance boundary into a tent-shape.
• GND DIST Z1 DIR RCA: Selects the characteristic angle (or "maximum torque angle") of the directional supervising
function. If the mho shape is applied, the directional function is an extra supervising function, as the dynamic mho
characteristic itself is a directional one. In conjunction with the quad shape selection, this setting defines the only direc-
tional function built into the ground distance element. The directional function uses memory voltage for polarization.
• GND DIST Z1 DIR COMP LIMIT: This setting selects the comparator limit angle for the directional supervising function.
• GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD: This setting defines the right blinder position of the quad characteristic along the
resistive axis of the impedance plane (see the QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC figure). The angular position of
the blinder is adjustable with the use of the GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA setting. This setting applies only to the
quad characteristic and should be set with consideration to the maximum load current and required resistive coverage.
• GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA: This setting defines the angular position of the right blinder of the quad charac-
teristic (see the QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC figure). This setting applies only to the quad characteristic.
• GND DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD: This setting defines the left blinder position of the quad characteristic along the resis- 5
tive axis of the impedance plane (see the QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC figure). The angular position of the
blinder is adjustable with the use of the GND DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA setting. This setting applies only to the quad
characteristic and should be set with consideration to the maximum load current.
• GND DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA: This setting defines the angular position of the left blinder of the quad character-
istic (see the QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC figure). This setting applies only to the quad characteristic.
• GND DIST Z1 SUPV: The ground distance elements are supervised by the magnitude of the neutral (3I_0) current.
The current supervision pickup should be set above the maximum unbalance current under maximum load conditions
preventing maloperation due to VT fuse failure.
Zone 1 is sealed in with the current supervision.
• GND DIST Z1 VOLT LEVEL: This setting is relevant for applications on series-compensated lines, or in general, if
series capacitors are located between the relaying point and a point for which the zone shall not overreach. For plain
(non-compensated) lines, this setting shall be set to zero. Otherwise, the setting is entered in per unit of the VT bank
configured under the DISTANCE SOURCE. See the THEORY OF OPERATION chapter for more details, and the APPLI-
CATION OF SETTINGS chapter for information on how to calculate this setting for applications on series compensated
lines.
• GND DIST Z1 DELAY: This setting enables the user to delay operation of the distance elements and implement a
stepped distance backup protection. The distance element timer applies a short drop out delay to cope with faults
located close to the boundary of the zone when small oscillations in the voltages and/or currents could inadvertently
reset the timer.
• GND DIST Z1 BLK: This setting enables the user to select a FlexLogic™ operand to block the given distance element.
VT fuse fail detection is one of the applications for this setting.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-79

 5
SETTINGS

5-80
GND DIST Z1 DIRECTION:
GND DIST Z1 SHAPE:
GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 MAG:
GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 ANG:
GND DIST Z1 Z0M/Z1 MAG:
GND DIST Z1 Z0M/Z1 ANG:
GND DIST Z1 REACH:
GND DIST Z1 RCA:
GND DIST Z1 COMP LIMIT:
SETTINGS GND DIST Z1 DIR RCA:
5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

GND DIST Z1
GND DIST Z1 FUNCTION:
DIR COMP LIMIT:
Disable=0 GND DIST Z1 VOLT
Enable=1 LEVEL:
GND DIST Z1 QUAD
SETTING RGT BLD:
AND
GND DIST Z1 QUAD
GND DIST Z1 BLK:
RGT BLD RCA:
QUAD ONLY
Off=0 GND DIST Z1 QUAD
LFT BLD:
SETTING GND DIST Z1 QUAD
LFT BLD RCA:
DISTANCE SOURCE:
RUN
IA
A ELEMENT FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
IB
IC AND GND DIST Z1 PKP A
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
VT CONNECTION RUN

D60 Line Distance Relay

OPEN POLE OP ΦA
WYE DELTA GND DIST Z1 DPO A
B ELEMENT
VAG-VBG VAB
VBG-VCG VBC AND GND DIST Z1 PKP B
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
VCG-VAG VCA RUN
OPEN POLE OP ΦB
D60 ONLY

I_2 GND DIST Z1 DPO B

C ELEMENT
I_0

Figure 5–44: GROUND DISTANCE Z1 SCHEME LOGIC

V_1 AND GND DIST Z1 PKP C
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
I_1 MEMORY
OPEN POLE OP ΦC
IN GND DIST Z1 DPO C
V_1 > 0.80pu
1 CYCLE
OR OR GND DIST Z1 PKP
1 CYCLE
I_1 > 0.025pu

SETTING
GND DIST Z1
SUPV:
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
RUN
GND DIST Z1 SUPN IN
IN PICKUP
5 SETTINGS

837007AB.CDR

GE Multilin
 SETTINGS
GND DIST Z2 DIRECTION:
GND DIST Z2 SHAPE:

GE Multilin
GND DIST Z2 Z0/Z2 MAG:
GND DIST Z2 Z0/Z2 ANG:
5 SETTINGS

GND DIST Z2 Z0M/Z1 MAG:

GND DIST Z2 Z0M/Z1 ANG:
GND DIST Z2 REACH:
GND DIST Z2 RCA:
GND DIST Z2 COMP LIMIT:
SETTINGS GND DIST Z2 DIR RCA:
GND DIST Z2
GND DIST Z2 FUNCTION:
DIR COMP LIMIT:
Disable=0 GND DIST Z2 VOLT
Enable=1 LEVEL:
GND DIST Z2 QUAD
SETTING RGT BLD:
AND
GND DIST Z2 QUAD
GND DIST Z2 BLK:
RGT BLD RCA:
QUAD ONLY
Off=0 GND DIST Z2 QUAD
LFT BLD:
SETTING GND DIST Z2 QUAD
LFT BLD RCA:
DISTANCE SOURCE:
RUN
IA
A ELEMENT FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
IB
IC AND GND DIST Z2 PKP A
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
VT CONNECTION RUN
OPEN POLE OP ΦA
WYE DELTA GND DIST Z2 DPO A
B ELEMENT

D60 Line Distance Relay

VAG-VBG VAB
VBG-VCG VBC AND GND DIST Z2 PKP B
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
VCG-VAG VCA RUN
OPEN POLE OP ΦB
D60 ONLY
I_2 GND DIST Z2 DPO B
C ELEMENT
I_0
V_1 AND GND DIST Z2 PKP C
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
I_1 MEMORY
OPEN POLE OP ΦC
IN GND DIST Z2 DPO C

Figure 5–45: GROUND DISTANCE Z2 TO Z4 SCHEME LOGIC

V_1 > 0.80pu
1 CYCLE
OR OR GND DIST Z2 PKP
1 CYCLE
I_1 > 0.025pu

SETTING
GND DIST Z2
SUPV:
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
RUN
GND DIST Z2 SUPN IN
IN PICKUP
GND DIST Z2 DIR SUPN
OR
OPEN POLE OP*
5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

NOTE: *D60 only 837011AC.CDR

5-81
5
 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS

SETTING GND DIST Z1 OP A

GND DIST Z1 OP B
GND DIST Z1
AND GND DIST Z1 OP C
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS DELAY:
OR
t PKP
GND DIST Z1 PKP A
0
t PKP
GND DIST Z1 PKP B
0
AND FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
t PKP
GND DIST Z1 PKP C OR OR GND DIST Z1 OP
0

GND DIST Z1 SUPN IN

AND
OPEN POLE OP * AND
OR

NOTE: * D60 Only. Other UR models apply regular current seal-in for Z1. 837018A5.CDR

Figure 5–46: GROUND DISTANCE Z1 OP SCHEME

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
SETTING GND DIST Z2 OP A
GND DIST Z2 GND DIST Z2 OP B
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS DELAY: GND DIST Z2 OP C
t PKP
GND DIST Z2 PKP A
20 msec
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
t PKP
GND DIST Z2 PKP B OR GND DIST Z2 OP
20 msec

5 GND DIST Z2 PKP C

t PKP
20 msec 837019A4.CDR

Figure 5–47: GROUND DISTANCE Z2 TO Z4 OP SCHEME

GROUND DIRECTIONAL SUPERVISION:
A dual (zero- and negative-sequence) memory-polarized directional supervision applied to the ground distance protection
elements has been shown to give good directional integrity. However, a reverse double-line-to-ground fault can lead to a
maloperation of the ground element in a sound phase if the zone reach setting is increased to cover high resistance faults.
Ground distance Zones 2 through 4 use an additional ground directional supervision to enhance directional integrity. The
element’s directional characteristic angle is used as a "maximum torque angle" together with a 90° limit angle.
The supervision is biased toward operation in order to avoid compromising the sensitivity of ground distance elements at
low signal levels. Otherwise, the reverse fault condition that generates concern will have high polarizing levels so that a cor-
rect reverse fault decision can be reliably made. The supervision for Zones 2 and 3 is removed during open pole conditions.

V_0 > 5 Volts

SETTING
OR FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
DISTANCE SOURCE: GND DIST Z2 DIR
RUN AND
t PKP SUPN
V_0 ZERO SEQ t RST
I_0 DIRECTIONAL
CO-ORDINATING TIME
Pickup 4.5 cycles, Reset 1.0 cycle

837009A5.CDR

Figure 5–48: GROUND DIRECTIONAL SUPERVISION SCHEME LOGIC – Z2, Z3, Z4

5-82 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

5.5.5 POWER SWING DETECT

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" POWER SWING DETECT

# POWER SWING POWER SWING Range: Disabled, Enabled

# DETECT FUNCTION: Disabled
POWER SWING Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
POWER SWING Range: Two Step, Three Step
MESSAGE
MODE: Two Step
POWER SWING Range: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
SUPV: 0.600 pu
POWER SWING FWD Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
REACH: 50.00 ohms
POWER SWING FWD Range: 40 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
RCA: 75°
POWER SWING REV Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
REACH: 50.00 ohms
POWER SWING REV Range: 40 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
RCA: 75°
POWER SWING OUTER Range: 40 to 140° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
LIMIT ANGLE: 120° 5
POWER SWING MIDDLE Range: 40 to 140° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
LIMIT ANGLE: 90°
POWER SWING INNER Range: 40 to 140° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
LIMIT ANGLE: 60°
POWER SWING PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY 1: 0.030 s
POWER SWING RESET Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY 1: 0.050 s
POWER SWING PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY 2: 0.017 s
POWER SWING PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY 3: 0.009 s
POWER SWING PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY 4: 0.017 s
POWER SWING SEAL-IN Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY 1: 0.400 s
POWER SWING TRIP Range: Early, Delayed
MESSAGE
MODE: Delayed
POWER SWING BLK: Range: Flexlogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
POWER SWING Range: Self-Reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-Reset
POWER SWING Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-83

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

The Power Swing Detect element provides both power swing blocking and out-of-step tripping functions. The element mea-
sures the positive-sequence apparent impedance and traces its locus with respect to either two or three user-selectable
operating characteristic boundaries as per user choice. Upon detecting appropriate timing relations, the blocking and/or
tripping indication is given through FlexLogic™ operands. The operating characteristic and logic figures should be viewed
along with the following discussion to develop an understanding of the operation of the element.

R
TE
OU

ACH
E
DL

FWD RE
ID
M

R
NE
IN

FW
E

D
GL

RC
AN
IT

A
LE
NG LIM
RE A LE
IT DD R
V
RC LIM MI
ER
A
CH INN
REV REA

OUTER LIMIT ANGLE

Figure 5–49: POWER SWING DETECT OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS

5 a) POWER SWING BLOCKING
• Three-step operation: The power swing blocking sequence essentially times the passage of the locus of the positive-
sequence impedance between the outer and the middle characteristic boundaries. If the locus enters the outer charac-
teristic (indicated by the POWER SWING OUTER FlexLogic™ operand) but stays outside the middle characteristic (indi-
cated by the POWER SWING MIDDLE FlexLogic™ operand) for an interval longer than POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 1, the
power swing blocking signal (POWER SWING BLOCK FlexLogic™ operand) is established and sealed-in. The blocking
signal resets when the locus leaves the outer characteristic, but not sooner than the POWER SWING RESET DELAY 1 time.
• Two-step operation: If the 2-step mode is selected, the sequence is identical, but it is the outer and inner characteris-
tics that are used to time the power swing locus.

b) OUT-OF-STEP TRIPPING
• Three-step operation: The out-of-step trip sequence identifies unstable power swings by determining if the imped-
ance locus spends a finite time between the outer and middle characteristics and then a finite time between the middle
and inner characteristics. The first step is similar to the power swing blocking sequence. After timer POWER SWING
PICKUP DELAY 1 times out, Latch 1 is set as long as the impedance stays within the outer characteristic.

If afterwards, at any time (given the impedance stays within the outer characteristic), the locus enters the middle char-
acteristic but stays outside the inner characteristic for a period of time defined as POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2, Latch
2 is set as long as the impedance stays inside the outer characteristic. If afterwards, at any time (given the impedance
stays within the outer characteristic), the locus enters the inner characteristic and stays there for a period of time
defined as POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 3, Latch 2 is set as long as the impedance stays inside the outer characteristic;
the element is now ready to trip.
If the "Early" trip mode is selected, the POWER SWING TRIP operand is set immediately and sealed-in for the interval set
by the POWER SWING SEAL-IN DELAY. If the "Delayed" trip mode is selected, the element waits until the impedance locus
leaves the inner characteristic, then times out the POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2 and sets Latch 4; the element is now
ready to trip. The trip operand is set later, when the impedance locus leaves the outer characteristic.
• Two-step operation: The 2-step mode of operation is similar to the 3-step mode with two exceptions. First, the initial
stage monitors the time spent by the impedance locus between the outer and inner characteristics. Second, the stage
involving the POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2 timer is bypassed. It is up to the user to integrate the blocking (POWER
SWING BLOCK) and tripping (POWER SWING TRIP) FlexLogic™ operands with other protection functions and output con-
tacts in order to make this element fully operational.

5-84 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

c) SETTINGS
• POWER SWING FUNCTION: This setting enables/disables the entire Power Swing Detection element. The setting
applies to both power swing blocking and out-of-step tripping functions.
• POWER SWING SOURCE: The source setting identifies the Signal Source for both blocking and tripping functions.
• POWER SWING MODE: This setting selects between the 2-step and 3-step operating modes and applies to both
power swing blocking and out-of-step tripping functions. The 3-step mode applies if there is enough space between the
maximum load impedances and distance characteristics of the relay that all three (outer, middle, and inner) character-
istics can be placed between the load and the distance characteristics. Whether the spans between the outer and mid-
dle as well as the middle and inner characteristics are sufficient should be determined by analysis of the fastest power
swings expected in correlation with settings of the power swing timers.
The 2-step mode uses only the outer and inner characteristics for both blocking and tripping functions. This leaves
more space in heavily loaded systems to place two power swing characteristics between the distance characteristics
and the maximum load, but allows for only one determination of the impedance trajectory.
• POWER SWING SUPV: A common overcurrent pickup level supervises all three power swing characteristics. The
supervision responds to the positive sequence current.
• POWER SWING FWD REACH: This setting specifies the forward reach of all three characteristics. For a simple sys-
tem consisting of a line and two equivalent sources, this reach should be higher than the sum of the line and remote
source positive-sequence impedances. Detailed transient stability studies may be needed for complex systems in
order to determine this setting.
• POWER SWING FWD RCA: This setting specifies the angle of the forward reach impedance. The angle is measured
as shown in the POWER SWING DETECT OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS diagram.
• POWER SWING REV REACH: This setting specifies the reverse reach of all three power detect characteristics. For a
simple system consisting of a line and two equivalent sources, this reach should be higher than the positive-sequence
impedance of the local source. Detailed transient stability studies may be needed for complex systems in order to
5
determine this setting.
• POWER SWING REV RCA: This setting specifies the angle of the reverse reach impedance. The angle is measured
as shown in the POWER SWING DETECT OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS diagram.
• POWER SWING OUTER LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines the outer power swing detect characteristic. The conven-
tion depicted in the POWER SWING DETECT OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS diagram should be observed: val-
ues greater than 90° result in an "apple" shaped characteristic, values lower than 90° result in a lens shaped
characteristic. This angle must be selected in consideration of to the maximum expected load. If the "maximum load
angle" is known, the outer limit angle should be coordinated with some 20° security margin. Detailed studies may be
needed for complex systems in order to determine this setting.
• POWER SWING MIDDLE LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines the middle power swing detect characteristic. It is rele-
vant only for the 3-step mode. A typical value would be close to the average of the outer and inner limit angles.
• POWER SWING INNER LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines the inner power swing detect characteristic. The inner
characteristic is used by the out-of-step tripping function: beyond the inner characteristic out-of-step trip action is defi-
nite (the actual trip may be delayed as per the TRIP MODE setting). Therefore, this angle must be selected in consider-
ation to the power swing angle beyond which the system becomes unstable and cannot recover.
The inner characteristic is also used by the power swing blocking function in the 2-step mode. In this case, set this
angle large enough so that the characteristics of the distance elements are safely enclosed by the inner characteristic.
• POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 1: All the coordinating timers are related to each other and should be set to detect
the fastest expected power swing and produce out-of-step tripping in a secure manner. The timers should be set in
consideration to the power swing detect characteristics, mode of power swing detect operation and mode of out-of-
step tripping. This timer defines the interval that the impedance locus must spend between the outer and inner charac-
teristics (2-step operating mode), or between the outer and middle characteristics (3-step operating mode) before the
power swing blocking signal is established. This time delay must be set shorter than the time required for the imped-
ance locus to travel between the two selected characteristics during the fastest expected power swing.
This setting is relevant for both power swing blocking and out-of-step tripping.
• POWER SWING RESET DELAY 1: This setting defines the dropout delay for the power swing blocking signal. Detec-
tion of a condition requiring a Block output sets Latch 1 after PICKUP DELAY 1 time. When the impedance locus leaves

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-85

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

the outer characteristic, timer POWER SWING RESET DELAY 1 is started. When the timer times-out the latch is reset. This
setting should be selected to give extra security for the power swing blocking action.
• POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2: controls the out-of-step tripping function in the 3-step mode only. This timer
defines the interval the impedance locus must spend between the middle and inner characteristics before the second
step of the out-of-step tripping sequence is completed. This time delay must be set shorter than the time required for
the impedance locus to travel between the two characteristics during the fastest expected power swing.
• POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 3: Controls the out-of-step tripping function only. It defines the interval the imped-
ance locus must spend within the inner characteristic before the last step of the out-of-step tripping sequence is com-
pleted and the element is armed to trip. The actual moment of tripping is controlled by the TRIP MODE setting. This time
delay is provided for extra security before the out-of-step trip action is executed.
• POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 4: Controls the out-of-step tripping function in the "Delayed" trip mode only. This
timer defines the interval the impedance locus must spend outside the inner characteristic but within the outer charac-
teristic before the element gets armed for the Delayed trip. The delayed trip will take place when the impedance leaves
the outer characteristic. This time delay is provided for extra security and should be set considering the fastest
expected power swing.
• POWER SWING SEAL-IN DELAY: The out-of-step trip FlexLogic™ operand (POWER SWING TRIP) is sealed-in for the
specified period of time. The sealing-in is crucial in the delayed trip mode, as the original trip signal is a very short
pulse occurring when the impedance locus leaves the outer characteristic after the out-of-step sequence is completed.
• POWER SWING TRIP MODE: Selection of the "Early" trip mode results in an instantaneous trip after the last step in
the out-of-step tripping sequence is completed. The Early trip mode will stress the circuit breakers as the currents at
that moment are high (the electromotive forces of the two equivalent systems are approximately 180° apart).
Selection of the "Delayed" trip mode results in a trip at the moment when the impedance locus leaves the outer charac-
teristic. Delayed trip mode will relax the operating conditions for the breakers as the currents at that moment are low.
5 The selection should be made considering the capability of the breakers in the system.
• POWER SWING BLK: This setting specifies the FlexLogic™ operand used for blocking the out-of-step function only.
The power swing blocking function is operational all the time as long as the element is enabled. The blocking signal
resets the output POWER SWING TRIP operand but does not stop the out-of-step tripping sequence.

SETTINGS
POWER SWING FWD
REACH:
POWER SWING FWD
RCA:
POWER SWING REV
REACH:
SETTING POWER SWING REV
POWER SWING RCA:
FUNCTION: POWER SWING OUTER
Disabled = 0 LIMIT ANGLE:
Enabled = 1 POWER SWING MIDDLE
LIMIT ANGLE:
SETTING POWER SWING INNER
LIMIT ANGLE:
POWER SWING SOURCE:
RUN
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
V_1 OUTER IMPEDANCE
AND POWER SWING OUTER
I_1 REGION
RUN
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
MIDDLE IMPEDANCE
AND POWER SWING MIDDLE
REGION
RUN
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
INNER IMPEDANCE
AND POWER SWING INNER
REGION

SETTING
POWER SWING
SUPV:
RUN

I_1 > PICKUP

827840A1.CDR

Figure 5–50: POWER SWING DETECT LOGIC (1 OF 2)

5-86 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

GE Multilin
SETTING SETTINGS
5 SETTINGS

POWER SWING INNER

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS

POWER SWING OUTER

POWER SWING

POWER SWING MIDDLE

POWER SWING MODE:
DELAY 1 PICKUP:
POWER SWING
3-step
AND DELAY 1 RESET:
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
tPKP
S Q1 POWER SWING BLOCK
tRST
AND L1
2-step
R

SETTING
POWER SWING FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
DELAY 2 PICKUP:
POWER SWING TMR2 PKP
tPKP
AND S Q2
0
L2
R
3-step

2-step

SETTING

D60 Line Distance Relay

POWER SWING FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
DELAY 3 PICKUP:
POWER SWING TMR3 PKP
tPKP
AND S Q3
0
L3 SETTING
R
POWER SWING TRIP
MODE:

Figure 5–51: POWER SWING DETECT LOGIC (2 OF 2)

SETTING SETTING
POWER SWING POWER SWING
DELAY 4 PICKUP: Early
SEAL-IN DELAY:
tPKP 0
AND S Q4 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
0 tRST
L4 AND POWER SWING TRIP
R AND
Delayed

SETTING FLEXLOGIC OPERAND

NOTE: POWER SWING TMR4 PKP
POWER SWING BLK:
L1 AND L4 LATCHES ARE SET DOMINANT
5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

L2 AND L3 LATCHES ARE RESET DOMINANT Off=0 827841A2.CDR

5-87
5
 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.5.6 LOAD ENCROACHMENT

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" LOAD ENCROACHMENT

# LOAD ENCROACHMENT LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
MIN VOLT: 0.250 pu
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: 0.02 to 250.00 ohms in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
REACH: 1.00 Ω
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: 5 to 50° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
ANGLE: 30°
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PKP DELAY: 0.000 s
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
RST DELAY: 0.000 s
LOAD ENCRMNT BLK: Range: Flexlogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

5 MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The Load Encroachment element responds to the positive-sequence voltage and current and applies a characteristic
shown in the figure below.
X
ANGLE

–REACH REACH

R
ANGLE

LOAD ENCROACHMENT
LOAD ENCROACHMENT
OPERATE
OPERATE

827846A1.CDR

Figure 5–52: LOAD ENCROACHMENT CHARACTERISTIC

The element operates if the positive-sequence voltage is above a settable level and asserts its output signal that can be
used to block selected protection elements such as distance or phase overcurrent. The following figure shows an effect of
the Load Encroachment characteristics used to block the Quad distance element.

5-88 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

837731A1.CDR

Figure 5–53: LOAD ENCROACHMENT APPLIED TO DISTANCE ELEMENT

• LOAD ENCROACHMENT MIN VOLT: This setting specifies the minimum positive-sequence voltage required for oper-
ation of the element. If the voltage is below this threshold a blocking signal will not be asserted by the element. When
selecting this setting one must remember that the UR measures the phase-to-ground sequence voltages regardless of
the VT connection.
The nominal VT secondary voltage as specified under PATH: SYSTEM SETUP !" AC INPUTS ! VOLTAGE BANK X1 !"
PHASE VT SECONDARY is the p.u. base for this setting.
• LOAD ENCROACHMENT REACH: This setting specifies the resistive reach of the element as shown in the LOAD 5
ENCROACHMENT CHARACTERISTIC diagram. This setting should be entered in secondary ohms and be calculated
as the positive-sequence resistance seen by the relay under maximum load conditions and unity power factor.
• LOAD ENCROACHMENT ANGLE: This setting specifies the size of the blocking region as shown on the LOAD
ENCROACHMENT CHARACTERISTIC and applies to the positive sequence impedance.

SETTING
LOAD ENCROACHMENT
FUNCTION:
Disabled=0
Enabled=1 SETTINGS
LOAD ENCROACHMENT
SETTING REACH:
SETTINGS
LOAD ENCROACHMENT
LOAD ENCRMNT BLK:
ANGLE: LOAD ENCROACHMENT
Off=0 RUN PKP DELAY:
AND FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
LOAD ENCROACHMENT
LOAD ENCHR PKP
RST DELAY:
SETTING SETTING LOAD ENCHR DPO
Load Encroachment t PKP
LOAD ENCROACHMENT LOAD ENCROACHMENT t RST LOAD ENCHR OP
SOURCE: MIN VOLT: Characteristic
Pos Seq Voltage (V_1) V_1 > Pickup
Pos Seq Current (I_1)
827847A2.CDR

Figure 5–54: LOAD ENCROACHMENT SCHEME LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-89

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.5.7 CURRENT ELEMENTS

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !

# PHASE CURRENT # PHASE TOC1

# #
# PHASE TOC2
MESSAGE
#
# PHASE IOC1
MESSAGE
#
# PHASE IOC2
MESSAGE
#
# PHASE
MESSAGE
# DIRECTIONAL 1
# PHASE
MESSAGE
# DIRECTIONAL 2
# NEUTRAL CURRENT # NEUTRAL TOC1
# #
# NEUTRAL TOC2
MESSAGE
#
# NEUTRAL IOC1
5 MESSAGE
#
# NEUTRAL IOC2
MESSAGE
#
# NEUTRAL
MESSAGE
# DIRECTIONAL OC1
# NEUTRAL
MESSAGE
# DIRECTIONAL OC2
# GROUND CURRENT # GROUND TOC1
# #
# GROUND TOC2
MESSAGE
#
# GROUND IOC1
MESSAGE
#
# GROUND IOC2
MESSAGE
#
# NEGATIVE SEQUENCE # NEG SEQ TOC1
# CURRENT #
# NEG SEQ TOC2
MESSAGE
#
# NEG SEQ IOC1
MESSAGE
#
# NEG SEQ IOC2
MESSAGE
#
# NEG SEQ DIR OC1
MESSAGE
#

5-90 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

# NEG SEQ DIR OC2

MESSAGE
#

The relay current elements menu consists of time overcurrent (TOC) , instantaneous overcurrent (IOC), and directional cur-
rent elements. These elements can be used for tripping, alarming, or other functions.

5.5.8 INVERSE TOC CURVE CHARACTERISTICS

The inverse time overcurrent curves used by the TOC (time overcurrent) Current Elements are the IEEE, IEC, GE Type
IAC, and I2t standard curve shapes. This allows for simplified coordination with downstream devices. If however, none of
these curve shapes is adequate, FlexCurves™ may be used to customize the inverse time curve characteristics. The Defi-
nite Time curve is also an option that may be appropriate if only simple protection is required.

Table 5–9: OVERCURRENT CURVE TYPES

IEEE IEC GE TYPE IAC OTHER
IEEE Extremely Inv. IEC Curve A (BS142) IAC Extremely Inv. I2t
IEEE Very Inverse IEC Curve B (BS142) IAC Very Inverse FlexCurves™ A, B, C, and D
IEEE Moderately Inv. IEC Curve C (BS142) IAC Inverse Recloser Curves
IEC Short Inverse IAC Short Inverse Definite Time

A time dial multiplier setting allows selection of a multiple of the base curve shape (where the time dial multiplier = 1) with
the curve shape (CURVE) setting. Unlike the electromechanical time dial equivalent, operate times are directly proportional
to the time multiplier (TD MULTIPLIER) setting value. For example, all times for a multiplier of 10 are 10 times the multiplier 1
or base curve values. Setting the multiplier to zero results in an instantaneous response to all current levels above pickup.
Time overcurrent time calculations are made with an internal “energy capacity” memory variable. When this variable indi- 5
cates that the energy capacity has reached 100%, a time overcurrent element will operate. If less than 100% energy capac-
ity is accumulated in this variable and the current falls below the dropout threshold of 97 to 98% of the pickup value, the
variable must be reduced. Two methods of this resetting operation are available: “Instantaneous” and “Timed”. The Instan-
taneous selection is intended for applications with other relays, such as most static relays, which set the energy capacity
directly to zero when the current falls below the reset threshold. The Timed selection can be used where the relay must
coordinate with electromechanical relays. With this setting, the energy capacity variable is decremented according to the
equation provided.
Graphs of standard time-current curves on 11” × 17” log-log graph paper are available upon request from
the GE Multilin literature department. The original files are also available in PDF format on the UR Software
NOTE
Installation CD and the GE Multilin Web Page at www.GEindustrial.com/multilin.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-91

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

IEEE CURVES:
The IEEE time overcurrent curve shapes conform to industry standards and the IEEE C37.112-1996 curve classifications
for extremely, very, and moderately inverse. The IEEE curves are derived from the formulae:

A tr
---------------------------------- + B ----------------------------------
I p
T = TDM ×  --------------- T = TDM ×
- –1 , RESET  ---------------- 2 – 1
I (EQ 5.2)
 I pickup  I pickup

where: T = Operate Time (seconds)

TDM = Multiplier Setting
I = Input Current
Ipickup = Pickup Current Setting
A, B, p = Constants
TRESET = reset time in sec. (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET: Timed)
tr = characteristic constant

Table 5–10: IEEE INVERSE TIME CURVE CONSTANTS

IEEE CURVE SHAPE A B P TR
IEEE EXTREMELY INVERSE 28.2 0.1217 2.0000 29.1
IEEE VERY INVERSE 19.61 0.491 2.0000 21.6
IEEE MODERATELY INVERSE 0.0515 0.1140 0.02000 4.85

5 Table 5–11: IEEE CURVE TRIP TIMES (IN SECONDS)

MULTIPLIER CURRENT ( I / Ipickup)
(TDM) 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
IEEE EXTREMELY INVERSE
0.5 11.341 4.761 1.823 1.001 0.648 0.464 0.355 0.285 0.237 0.203
1.0 22.682 9.522 3.647 2.002 1.297 0.927 0.709 0.569 0.474 0.407
2.0 45.363 19.043 7.293 4.003 2.593 1.855 1.418 1.139 0.948 0.813
4.0 90.727 38.087 14.587 8.007 5.187 3.710 2.837 2.277 1.897 1.626
6.0 136.090 57.130 21.880 12.010 7.780 5.564 4.255 3.416 2.845 2.439
8.0 181.454 76.174 29.174 16.014 10.374 7.419 5.674 4.555 3.794 3.252
10.0 226.817 95.217 36.467 20.017 12.967 9.274 7.092 5.693 4.742 4.065
IEEE VERY INVERSE
0.5 8.090 3.514 1.471 0.899 0.654 0.526 0.450 0.401 0.368 0.345
1.0 16.179 7.028 2.942 1.798 1.308 1.051 0.900 0.802 0.736 0.689
2.0 32.358 14.055 5.885 3.597 2.616 2.103 1.799 1.605 1.472 1.378
4.0 64.716 28.111 11.769 7.193 5.232 4.205 3.598 3.209 2.945 2.756
6.0 97.074 42.166 17.654 10.790 7.849 6.308 5.397 4.814 4.417 4.134
8.0 129.432 56.221 23.538 14.387 10.465 8.410 7.196 6.418 5.889 5.513
10.0 161.790 70.277 29.423 17.983 13.081 10.513 8.995 8.023 7.361 6.891
IEEE MODERATELY INVERSE
0.5 3.220 1.902 1.216 0.973 0.844 0.763 0.706 0.663 0.630 0.603
1.0 6.439 3.803 2.432 1.946 1.688 1.526 1.412 1.327 1.260 1.207
2.0 12.878 7.606 4.864 3.892 3.377 3.051 2.823 2.653 2.521 2.414
4.0 25.756 15.213 9.729 7.783 6.753 6.102 5.647 5.307 5.041 4.827
6.0 38.634 22.819 14.593 11.675 10.130 9.153 8.470 7.960 7.562 7.241
8.0 51.512 30.426 19.458 15.567 13.507 12.204 11.294 10.614 10.083 9.654
10.0 64.390 38.032 24.322 19.458 16.883 15.255 14.117 13.267 12.604 12.068

5-92 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

IEC CURVES
For European applications, the relay offers three standard curves defined in IEC 255-4 and British standard BS142. These
are defined as IEC Curve A, IEC Curve B, and IEC Curve C. The formulae for these curves are:

K tr
----------------------------------- ---------------------------------
-
I E
T = TDM ×  --------------- - – 1 , T RESET = TDM ×  ---------------
I 2
- –1
(EQ 5.3)
 I pickup  I pickup

where: T = Operate Time (seconds) TDM = Multiplier Setting I = Input Current

Ipickup = Pickup Current Setting K, E = Constants tr = Characteristic Constant
TRESET = Reset Time in sec. (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET: Timed)

Table 5–12: IEC (BS) INVERSE TIME CURVE CONSTANTS

IEC (BS) CURVE SHAPE K E TR
IEC CURVE A (BS142) 0.140 0.020 9.7
IEC CURVE B (BS142) 13.500 1.000 43.2
IEC CURVE C (BS142) 80.000 2.000 58.2
IEC SHORT INVERSE 0.050 0.040 0.500

Table 5–13: IEC CURVE TRIP TIMES (IN SECONDS)

MULTIPLIER CURRENT ( I / Ipickup)
(TDM) 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
IEC CURVE A
0.05 0.860 0.501 0.315 0.249 0.214 0.192 0.176 0.165 0.156 0.149 5
0.10 1.719 1.003 0.630 0.498 0.428 0.384 0.353 0.330 0.312 0.297
0.20 3.439 2.006 1.260 0.996 0.856 0.767 0.706 0.659 0.623 0.594
0.40 6.878 4.012 2.521 1.992 1.712 1.535 1.411 1.319 1.247 1.188
0.60 10.317 6.017 3.781 2.988 2.568 2.302 2.117 1.978 1.870 1.782
0.80 13.755 8.023 5.042 3.984 3.424 3.070 2.822 2.637 2.493 2.376
1.00 17.194 10.029 6.302 4.980 4.280 3.837 3.528 3.297 3.116 2.971
IEC CURVE B
0.05 1.350 0.675 0.338 0.225 0.169 0.135 0.113 0.096 0.084 0.075
0.10 2.700 1.350 0.675 0.450 0.338 0.270 0.225 0.193 0.169 0.150
0.20 5.400 2.700 1.350 0.900 0.675 0.540 0.450 0.386 0.338 0.300
0.40 10.800 5.400 2.700 1.800 1.350 1.080 0.900 0.771 0.675 0.600
0.60 16.200 8.100 4.050 2.700 2.025 1.620 1.350 1.157 1.013 0.900
0.80 21.600 10.800 5.400 3.600 2.700 2.160 1.800 1.543 1.350 1.200
1.00 27.000 13.500 6.750 4.500 3.375 2.700 2.250 1.929 1.688 1.500
IEC CURVE C
0.05 3.200 1.333 0.500 0.267 0.167 0.114 0.083 0.063 0.050 0.040
0.10 6.400 2.667 1.000 0.533 0.333 0.229 0.167 0.127 0.100 0.081
0.20 12.800 5.333 2.000 1.067 0.667 0.457 0.333 0.254 0.200 0.162
0.40 25.600 10.667 4.000 2.133 1.333 0.914 0.667 0.508 0.400 0.323
0.60 38.400 16.000 6.000 3.200 2.000 1.371 1.000 0.762 0.600 0.485
0.80 51.200 21.333 8.000 4.267 2.667 1.829 1.333 1.016 0.800 0.646
1.00 64.000 26.667 10.000 5.333 3.333 2.286 1.667 1.270 1.000 0.808
IEC SHORT TIME
0.05 0.153 0.089 0.056 0.044 0.038 0.034 0.031 0.029 0.027 0.026
0.10 0.306 0.178 0.111 0.088 0.075 0.067 0.062 0.058 0.054 0.052
0.20 0.612 0.356 0.223 0.175 0.150 0.135 0.124 0.115 0.109 0.104
0.40 1.223 0.711 0.445 0.351 0.301 0.269 0.247 0.231 0.218 0.207
0.60 1.835 1.067 0.668 0.526 0.451 0.404 0.371 0.346 0.327 0.311
0.80 2.446 1.423 0.890 0.702 0.602 0.538 0.494 0.461 0.435 0.415
1.00 3.058 1.778 1.113 0.877 0.752 0.673 0.618 0.576 0.544 0.518

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-93

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

IAC CURVES:
The curves for the General Electric type IAC relay family are derived from the formulae:

B D E
A + --------------------------------- + ----------------------------------- + ----------------------------------- tr
T = TDM × I
 ---------------- – C  --------------- I  2
 I  3 , T = ---------------------------------
- (EQ 5.4)
-–C ---------------- – C RESET TDM × I - 2
 ---------------
 I pickup  I   I  – 1
pickup pickup  I pickup

where: T = Operate Time (sec.) TDM = Multiplier Setting I = Input Current

Ipickup = Pickup Current Setting A to E = Constants tr = Characteristic Constant
TRESET = Reset Time in sec. (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET: Timed)

Table 5–14: GE TYPE IAC INVERSE TIME CURVE CONSTANTS

IAC CURVE SHAPE A B C D E TR
IAC EXTREME INVERSE 0.0040 0.6379 0.6200 1.7872 0.2461 6.008
IAC VERY INVERSE 0.0900 0.7955 0.1000 –1.2885 7.9586 4.678
IAC INVERSE 0.2078 0.8630 0.8000 –0.4180 0.1947 0.990
IAC SHORT INVERSE 0.0428 0.0609 0.6200 –0.0010 0.0221 0.222

Table 5–15: IAC CURVE TRIP TIMES

MULTIPLIER CURRENT ( I / Ipickup)
(TDM)
1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
IAC EXTREMELY INVERSE
0.5 1.699 0.749 0.303 0.178 0.123 0.093 0.074 0.062 0.053 0.046
5 1.0 3.398 1.498 0.606 0.356 0.246 0.186 0.149 0.124 0.106 0.093
2.0 6.796 2.997 1.212 0.711 0.491 0.372 0.298 0.248 0.212 0.185
4.0 13.591 5.993 2.423 1.422 0.983 0.744 0.595 0.495 0.424 0.370
6.0 20.387 8.990 3.635 2.133 1.474 1.115 0.893 0.743 0.636 0.556
8.0 27.183 11.987 4.846 2.844 1.966 1.487 1.191 0.991 0.848 0.741
10.0 33.979 14.983 6.058 3.555 2.457 1.859 1.488 1.239 1.060 0.926
IAC VERY INVERSE
0.5 1.451 0.656 0.269 0.172 0.133 0.113 0.101 0.093 0.087 0.083
1.0 2.901 1.312 0.537 0.343 0.266 0.227 0.202 0.186 0.174 0.165
2.0 5.802 2.624 1.075 0.687 0.533 0.453 0.405 0.372 0.349 0.331
4.0 11.605 5.248 2.150 1.374 1.065 0.906 0.810 0.745 0.698 0.662
6.0 17.407 7.872 3.225 2.061 1.598 1.359 1.215 1.117 1.046 0.992
8.0 23.209 10.497 4.299 2.747 2.131 1.813 1.620 1.490 1.395 1.323
10.0 29.012 13.121 5.374 3.434 2.663 2.266 2.025 1.862 1.744 1.654
IAC INVERSE
0.5 0.578 0.375 0.266 0.221 0.196 0.180 0.168 0.160 0.154 0.148
1.0 1.155 0.749 0.532 0.443 0.392 0.360 0.337 0.320 0.307 0.297
2.0 2.310 1.499 1.064 0.885 0.784 0.719 0.674 0.640 0.614 0.594
4.0 4.621 2.997 2.128 1.770 1.569 1.439 1.348 1.280 1.229 1.188
6.0 6.931 4.496 3.192 2.656 2.353 2.158 2.022 1.921 1.843 1.781
8.0 9.242 5.995 4.256 3.541 3.138 2.878 2.695 2.561 2.457 2.375
10.0 11.552 7.494 5.320 4.426 3.922 3.597 3.369 3.201 3.072 2.969
IAC SHORT INVERSE
0.5 0.072 0.047 0.035 0.031 0.028 0.027 0.026 0.026 0.025 0.025
1.0 0.143 0.095 0.070 0.061 0.057 0.054 0.052 0.051 0.050 0.049
2.0 0.286 0.190 0.140 0.123 0.114 0.108 0.105 0.102 0.100 0.099
4.0 0.573 0.379 0.279 0.245 0.228 0.217 0.210 0.204 0.200 0.197
6.0 0.859 0.569 0.419 0.368 0.341 0.325 0.314 0.307 0.301 0.296
8.0 1.145 0.759 0.559 0.490 0.455 0.434 0.419 0.409 0.401 0.394
10.0 1.431 0.948 0.699 0.613 0.569 0.542 0.524 0.511 0.501 0.493

5-94 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

I2t CURVES:
The curves for the I2t are derived from the formulae:

100 100
T = TDM × ------------------------2- , T RESET = TDM × --------------------------
- (EQ 5.5)
I
 ---------------- I - – 2
 ---------------
 I pickup  I pickup

where: T = Operate Time (sec.); TDM = Multiplier Setting; I = Input Current; Ipickup = Pickup Current Setting;
TRESET = Reset Time in sec. (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET: Timed)

Table 5–16: I2T CURVE TRIP TIMES

MULTIPLIER CURRENT ( I / Ipickup)
(TDM)
1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
0.01 0.44 0.25 0.11 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01
0.10 4.44 2.50 1.11 0.63 0.40 0.28 0.20 0.16 0.12 0.10
1.00 44.44 25.00 11.11 6.25 4.00 2.78 2.04 1.56 1.23 1.00
10.00 444.44 250.00 111.11 62.50 40.00 27.78 20.41 15.63 12.35 10.00
100.00 4444.4 2500.0 1111.1 625.00 400.00 277.78 204.08 156.25 123.46 100.00
600.00 26666.7 15000.0 6666.7 3750.0 2400.0 1666.7 1224.5 937.50 740.74 600.00

FLEXCURVES™:
The custom FlexCurves™ are described in detail in the FLEXCURVE™ section of this chapter. The curve shapes for the
FlexCurves™ are derived from the formulae:
5
I I
T = TDM × FlexCurve Time at  ---------------- when  ---------------- ≥ 1.00 (EQ 5.6)
I pickup I pickup

I I
T RESET = TDM × FlexCurve Time at  ---------------- when  ---------------- ≤ 0.98 (EQ 5.7)
I pickup I pickup

where: T = Operate Time (sec.), TDM = Multiplier Setting

I = Input Current, Ipickup = Pickup Current Setting
TRESET = Reset Time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET: Timed)
DEFINITE TIME CURVE:
The Definite Time curve shape operates as soon as the pickup level is exceeded for a specified period of time. The base
definite time curve delay is in seconds. The curve multiplier of 0.00 to 600.00 makes this delay adjustable from instanta-
neous to 600.00 seconds in steps of 10 ms.
T = TDM in seconds, when I > I pickup (EQ 5.8)

T RESET = – TDM in seconds (EQ 5.9)

where: T = Operate Time (sec.), TDM = Multiplier Setting

I = Input Current, Ipickup = Pickup Current Setting
TRESET = Reset Time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET: Timed)
RECLOSER CURVES:
The D60 uses the FlexCurve™ feature to facilitate programming of 41 recloser curves. Please refer to the FLEXCURVE™
section in this chapter for additional details.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-95

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.5.9 PHASE CURRENT

a) PHASE TOC1(2) (PHASE TIME OVERCURRENT: ANSI 51P)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) ! PHASE CURRENT ! PHASE TOC1

# PHASE TOC1 PHASE TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
PHASE TOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
PHASE TOC1 Range: Phasor, RMS
MESSAGE
INPUT: Phasor
PHASE TOC1 Range: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.000 pu
PHASE TOC1 Range: See OVERCURRENT CURVE TYPES table
MESSAGE
CURVE: IEEE Mod Inv
PHASE TOC1 Range: 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
TD MULTIPLIER: 1.00
PHASE TOC1 Range: Instantaneous, Timed
MESSAGE
RESET: Instantaneous
PHASE TOC1 VOLTAGE Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
RESTRAINT: Disabled

5 MESSAGE
PHASE TOC1 BLOCK A:
Off
Range: FlexLogic™ operand

PHASE TOC1 BLOCK B: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

MESSAGE
Off
PHASE TOC1 BLOCK C: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
PHASE TOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
PHASE TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The phase time overcurrent element can provide a desired time-delay operating characteristic versus the applied current or
be used as a simple Definite Time element. The phase current input quantities may be programmed as fundamental phasor
magnitude or total waveform RMS magnitude as required by the application.
Two methods of resetting operation are available: “Timed” and “Instantaneous” (refer to the INVERSE TOC CURVE CHAR-
ACTERISTICS section for details on curve setup, trip times and reset operation). When the element is blocked, the time
accumulator will reset according to the reset characteristic. For example, if the element reset characteristic is set to "Instan-
taneous" and the element is blocked, the time accumulator will be cleared immediately.
The PHASE TOC1 PICKUP setting can be dynamically reduced by a voltage restraint feature (when enabled). This is accom-
plished via the multipliers (Mvr) corresponding to the phase-phase voltages of the voltage restraint characteristic curve
(see the figure below); the pickup level is calculated as ‘Mvr’ times the PICKUP setting. If the voltage restraint feature is dis-
abled, the pickup level always remains at the setting value.

5-96 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

Multiplier for Pickup Current

1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Phase-Phase Voltage ÷ VT Nominal Phase-phase Voltage
818784A4.CDR

Figure 5–55: PHASE TOC VOLTAGE RESTRAINT CHARACTERISTIC

SETTING
PHASE TOC1
FUNCTION:
Disabled=0
Enabled=1

SETTING
PHASE TOC1
BLOCK-A :
Off=0

SETTING
PHASE TOC1
5
BLOCK-B:
Off=0
SETTING
SETTING
PHASE TOC1
PHASE TOC1 INPUT:
BLOCK-C:
PHASE TOC1
Off=0 PICKUP:
PHASE TOC1
SETTING CURVE:
PHASE TOC1 PHASE TOC1
SOURCE: TD MULTIPLIER:
IA
PHASE TOC1
IB RESET: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
IC AND RUN PHASE TOC1 A PKP
IA PICKUP
Seq=ABC Seq=ACB PHASE TOC1 A DPO
MULTIPLY INPUTS
RUN
t PHASE TOC1 A OP
VAB VAC Set
Calculate Multiplier Set Pickup AND RUN PHASE TOC1 B PKP
RUN
Multiplier-Phase A IB PICKUP
Set PHASE TOC1 B DPO
VBC VBA Set Pickup
Calculate Multiplier t PHASE TOC1 B OP
RUN
Multiplier-Phase B
Set AND RUN PHASE TOC1 C PKP
VCA VCB IC PICKUP
Calculate Multiplier Set Pickup PHASE TOC1 C DPO
Multiplier-Phase C
t PHASE TOC1 C OP
SETTING OR PHASE TOC1 PKP
PHASE TOC1 VOLT
RESTRAINT: OR PHASE TOC1 OP
Enabled
827072A3.CDR

Figure 5–56: PHASE TOC1 SCHEME LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-97

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

b) PHASE IOC1(2) (PHASE INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT: ANSI 50P)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) ! PHASE CURRENT ! PHASE IOC 1

# PHASE IOC1 PHASE IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
PHASE IOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
PHASE IOC1 Range: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.000 pu
PHASE IOC1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.00 s
PHASE IOC1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.00 s
PHASE IOC1 BLOCK A: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
PHASE IOC1 BLOCK B: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
PHASE IOC1 BLOCK C: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
PHASE IOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
5 PHASE IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The phase instantaneous overcurrent element may be used as an instantaneous element with no intentional delay or as a
Definite Time element. The input current is the fundamental phasor magnitude.

SETTING SETTING SETTINGS FLEXLOGIC

PHASE IOC1 PHASE IOC1 PHASE IOC1 PICKUP OPERANDS
FUNCTION: PICKUP: DELAY: PHASE IOC1 A PKP
Enabled = 1 AND RUN PHASE IOC1 RESET
Disabled = 0 DELAY: PHASE IOC1 A DPO
IA ³ PICKUP tPKP
SETTING tRST PHASE IOC1 B PKP
AND RUN
PHASE IOC1 PHASE IOC1 B DPO
SOURCE: tPKP
IB ³ PICKUP
IA tRST PHASE IOC1 C PKP
AND RUN
IB
tPKP PHASE IOC1 C DPO
IC tRST
IC ³ PICKUP
PHASE IOC1 A OP

SETTING PHASE IOC1 B OP

PHASE IOC1
BLOCK-A: PHASE IOC1 C OP
Off = 0
OR PHASE IOC1 PKP

SETTING OR PHASE IOC1 OP

PHASE IOC1
BLOCK-B:
827033A5.VSD
Off = 0

SETTING
PHASE IOC1
BLOCK-C:
Off = 0

Figure 5–57: PHASE IOC1 SCHEME LOGIC

5-98 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

c) PHASE DIRECTIONAL 1(2) (PHASE DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT: ANSI 67P)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) ! PHASE CURRENT ! PHASE DIRECTIONAL 1(2)

# PHASE PHASE DIR 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# DIRECTIONAL 1 FUNCTION: Disabled
PHASE DIR 1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
PHASE DIR 1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
PHASE DIR 1 Range: 0 to 359° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
ECA: 30
PHASE DIR POL V1 Range: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
THRESHOLD: 0.700 pu
PHASE DIR 1 BLOCK Range: No, Yes
MESSAGE
WHEN V MEM EXP: No
PHASE DIR 1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
PHASE DIR 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The phase directional elements (one for each of phases A, B, and C) determine the phase current flow direction for steady
state and fault conditions and can be used to control the operation of the phase overcurrent elements via the BLOCK inputs
of these elements. 5
S
UT 0
TP
OU
–90°

VAG (Unfaulted) Fault angle

set at 60° Lag

VPol

VAG(Faulted) IA
ECA
set at 30°

VBC

VBC
VCG VBG +90°

Phasors for Phase A Polarization:

VPol = VBC × (1/_ECA) = polarizing voltage

IA = operating current
ECA = Element Characteristic Angle at 30° 827800A2.CDR

Figure 5–58: PHASE A DIRECTIONAL POLARIZATION

This element is intended to apply a block signal to an overcurrent element to prevent an operation when current is flowing
in a particular direction. The direction of current flow is determined by measuring the phase angle between the current from
the phase CTs and the line-line voltage from the VTs, based on the 90° or "quadrature" connection. If there is a requirement
to supervise overcurrent elements for flows in opposite directions, such as can happen through a bus-tie breaker, two
phase directional elements should be programmed with opposite ECA settings.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-99

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

To increase security for three phase faults very close to the location of the VTs used to measure the polarizing voltage, a
‘voltage memory’ feature is incorporated. This feature remembers the measurement of the polarizing voltage the moment
before the voltage collapses, and uses it to determine direction. The voltage memory remains valid for one second after the
voltage has collapsed.
The main component of the phase directional element is the phase angle comparator with two inputs: the operating signal
(phase current) and the polarizing signal (the line voltage, shifted in the leading direction by the characteristic angle, ECA).
The following table shows the operating and polarizing signals used for phase directional control:
PHASE OPERATING POLARIZING SIGNAL Vpol
SIGNAL
ABC PHASE SEQUENCE ACB PHASE SEQUENCE
A Angle of IA Angle of VBC × (1∠ECA) Angle of VCB × (1∠ECA)
B Angle of IB Angle of VCA × (1∠ECA) Angle of VAC × 1∠ECA)
C Angle of IC Angle of VAB × (1∠ECA) Angle of VBA × (1∠ECA)

MODE OF OPERATION:
• When the Phase Directional function is "Disabled", or the operating current is below 5% × CT Nominal, the element
output is "0".
• When the Phase Directional function is "Enabled", the operating current is above 5% × CT Nominal and the polarizing
voltage is above the set threshold, the element output depends on the phase angle between the operating and polariz-
ing signals as follows:
– The element output is logic "0" when the operating current is within polarizing voltage ±90°.
– For all other angles, the element output is logic "1".

5 • Once the voltage memory has expired, the phase overcurrent elements under directional control can be set to block or
trip on overcurrent as follows:
– When BLOCK WHEN V MEM EXP is set to "Yes", the directional element will block the operation of any phase overcur-
rent element under directional control when voltage memory expires. When set to "No", the directional element
allows tripping of phase overcurrent elements under directional control when voltage memory expires.
In all cases, directional blocking will be permitted to resume when the polarizing voltage becomes greater than the "polariz-
ing voltage threshold".
SETTINGS:
• PHASE DIR 1 SIGNAL SOURCE: This setting is used to select the source for the operating and polarizing signals.
The operating current for the phase directional element is the phase current for the selected current source. The polar-
izing voltage is the line voltage from the phase VTs, based on the 90° or "quadrature" connection and shifted in the
leading direction by the Element Characteristic Angle (ECA).
• PHASE DIR 1 ECA: This setting is used to select the Element Characteristic Angle, i.e. the angle by which the polariz-
ing voltage is shifted in the leading direction to achieve dependable operation. In the design of UR elements, a block is
applied to an element by asserting logic 1 at the blocking input. This element should be programmed via the ECA set-
ting so that the output is logic 1 for current in the non-tripping direction.
• PHASE DIR 1 POL V THRESHOLD: This setting is used to establish the minimum level of voltage for which the phase
angle measurement is reliable. The setting is based on VT accuracy. The default value is "0.05 pu".
• PHASE DIR 1 BLOCK WHEN V MEM EXP: This setting is used to select the required operation upon expiration of
voltage memory. When set to "Yes", the directional element blocks the operation of any phase overcurrent element
under directional control, when voltage memory expires; when set to "No", the directional element allows tripping of
phase overcurrent elements under directional control.
The Phase Directional element would respond to the forward load current. In the case of a following
reverse fault, the element needs some time – in the order of 8 msec – to establish a blocking signal. Some
NOTE
protection elements such as instantaneous overcurrent may respond to reverse faults before the blocking
signal is established. Therefore, a coordination time of at least 10 msec must be added to all the instanta-
neous protection elements under the supervision of the Phase Directional element. If current reversal is of
a concern, a longer delay – in the order of 20 msec – may be needed.

5-100 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

SETTING
PHASE DIR 1
FUNCTION:
Disabled=0
Enabled=1

SETTING
AND
PHASE DIR 1
BLOCK:
Off=0
SETTING

SETTING PHASE DIR 1 ECA:

PHASE DIR 1 SOURCE: I 0.05 pu AND RUN 0

IA Vpol
1 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
Seq=ABC Seq=ACB I OR PH DIR1 BLK
SETTING
VBC VCB
PHASE DIR 1 POL V
THRESHOLD: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OR PH DIR1 BLK A
-Use V when V Min
-Use V memory when
V < Min MEMORY TIMER
1 cycle
V MINIMUM
1 sec
AND

SETTING USE ACTUAL VOLTAGE

PHASE DIR 1 BLOCK OC

WHEN V MEM EXP:
USE MEMORIZED VOLTAGE
No
Yes

5
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
PHASE B LOGIC SIMILAR TO PHASE A PH DIR1 BLK B

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
PHASE C LOGIC SIMILAR TO PHASE A PH DIR1 BLK C

827078A6.CDR

Figure 5–59: PHASE DIRECTIONAL SCHEME LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-101

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.5.10 NEUTRAL CURRENT

a) NEUTRAL TOC1(2) (NEUTRAL TIME OVERCURRENT: ANSI 51N)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" NEUTRAL CURRENT ! NEUTRAL TOC1

# NEUTRAL TOC1 NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
NEUTRAL TOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: Phasor, RMS
MESSAGE
INPUT: Phasor
NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.000 pu
NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: See OVERCURRENT CURVE TYPES table
MESSAGE
CURVE: IEEE Mod Inv
NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
TD MULTIPLIER: 1.00
NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: Instantaneous, Timed
MESSAGE
RESET: Instantaneous
NEUTRAL TOC1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off

5 MESSAGE
NEUTRAL TOC1
TARGET: Self-reset
Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The Neutral Time Overcurrent element can provide a desired time-delay operating characteristic versus the applied current
or be used as a simple Definite Time element. The neutral current input value is a quantity calculated as 3Io from the phase
currents and may be programmed as fundamental phasor magnitude or total waveform RMS magnitude as required by the
application.
Two methods of resetting operation are available: “Timed” and “Instantaneous” (refer to the INVERSE TOC CURVE CHAR-
ACTERISTICS section for details on curve setup, trip times and reset operation). When the element is blocked, the time
accumulator will reset according to the reset characteristic. For example, if the element reset characteristic is set to "Instan-
taneous" and the element is blocked, the time accumulator will be cleared immediately.

SETTINGS
NEUTRAL TOC1
SETTING INPUT:
NEUTRAL TOC1 NEUTRAL TOC1
FUNCTION: PICKUP:
Disabled = 0 NEUTRAL TOC1
Enabled = 1 CURVE:
NEUTRAL TOC1
TD MULTIPLIER:
NEUTRAL TOC 1 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
SETTING
RESET: NEUTRAL TOC1 PKP
NEUTRAL TOC1
AND RUN IN ³ PICKUP NEUTRAL TOC1 DPO
SOURCE:
NEUTRAL TOC1 OP
IN t
I
SETTING
NEUTRAL TOC1
BLOCK:
Off = 0 827034A3.VSD

Figure 5–60: NEUTRAL TOC1 SCHEME LOGIC

Once picked up, the NEUTRAL TOCx PKP output operand remains picked up until the thermal memory of
the element resets completely. The PKP operand will not reset immediately after the operating current
NOTE
drops below the pickup threshold unless NEUTRL TOCx RESET is set to "Instantaneous".

5-102 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

b) NEUTRAL IOC1(2) (NEUTRAL INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT: ANSI 50N)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" NEUTRAL CURRENT !" NEUTRAL IOC1

# NEUTRAL IOC1 NEUTRAL IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
NEUTRAL IOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
NEUTRAL IOC1 Range: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.000 pu
NEUTRAL IOC1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.00 s
NEUTRAL IOC1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.00 s
NEUTRAL IOC1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
NEUTRAL IOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
NEUTRAL IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent element may be used as an instantaneous function with no intentional delay or as a
Definite Time function. The element essentially responds to the magnitude of a neutral current fundamental frequency pha-
sor calculated from the phase currents. A “positive-sequence restraint” is applied for better performance. A small portion 5
(6.25%) of the positive-sequence current magnitude is subtracted from the zero-sequence current magnitude when forming
the operating quantity of the element as follows:
I op = 3 × ( I_0 – K ⋅ I_1 ) where K = 1 ⁄ 16 (EQ 5.10)

The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious zero-sequence currents
resulting from:
• system unbalances under heavy load conditions
• transformation errors of current transformers (CTs) during double-line and three-phase faults
• switch-off transients during double-line and three-phase faults
The positive-sequence restraint must be considered when testing for pickup accuracy and response time (multiple of
pickup). The operating quantity depends on how test currents are injected into the relay (single-phase injection:
I op = 0.9375 ⋅ I injected ; three-phase pure zero-sequence injection: I op = 3 × I injected ).

SETTING

NEUTRAL IOC1 FUNCTION: SETTINGS

Disabled=0 NEUTRAL IOC1

SETTING PICKUP DELAY :
Enabled=1 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
NEUTRAL IOC1
NEUTRAL IOC1 PICKUP: NEUTRAL IOC1 PKP
RESET DELAY :
SETTING NEUTRAL IOC1 DPO
AND RUN tPKP
tRST NEUTRAL IOC1 OP
NEUTRAL IOC1 BLOCK: 3( I_0 - K I_1 ) PICKUP

Off=0

SETTING

NEUTRAL IOC1 SOURCE:

827035A4.CDR
I_0

Figure 5–61: NEUTRAL IOC1 SCHEME LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-103

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

c) NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OC1(2) (NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT: ANSI 67N)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) ! NEUTRAL CURRENT !" NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OC1

# NEUTRAL NEUTRAL DIR OC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# DIRECTIONAL OC1 FUNCTION: Disabled
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 Range: Voltage, Current, Dual
MESSAGE
POLARIZING: Voltage
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POL Range: Calculated V0, Measured VX
MESSAGE
VOLT: Calculated V0
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OP Range: Calculated 3I0, Measured IG
MESSAGE
CURR: Calculated 3I0
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 Range: 0.00 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
OFFSET: 0.00 Ω
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD Range: –90 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
ECA: 75° Lag
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD Range: 40 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
LIMIT ANGLE: 90°
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD Range: 0.002 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 0.050 pu
5 NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV Range: 40 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
LIMIT ANGLE: 90°
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV Range: 0.002 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 0.050 pu
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 BLK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

There are two Neutral Directional Overcurrent protection elements available. The element provides both forward and
reverse fault direction indications the NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD and NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV operands, respectively. The output
operand is asserted if the magnitude of the operating current is above a pickup level (overcurrent unit) and the fault direc-
tion is seen as “forward or “reverse”, respectively (directional unit).
The overcurrent unit responds to the magnitude of a fundamental frequency phasor of the either the neutral current calcu-
lated from the phase currents or the ground current. There are two separate pickup settings for the forward- and reverse-
looking functions, respectively. If set to use the calculated 3I_0, the element applies a “positive-sequence restraint” for bet-
ter performance: a small portion (6.25%) of the positive–sequence current magnitude is subtracted from the zero-sequence
current magnitude when forming the operating quantity.
I op = 3 × ( I_0 – K × I_1 ) where K = 1 ⁄ 16 (EQ 5.11)

The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious zero-sequence currents
resulting from:
• System unbalances under heavy load conditions.
• Transformation errors of Current Transformers (CTs) during double-line and three-phase faults.
• Switch-off transients during double-line and three-phase faults.

5-104 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

The positive-sequence restraint must be considered when testing for pickup accuracy and response time (multiple of
pickup). The operating quantity depends on the way the test currents are injected into the relay (single-phase injection:
Iop = 0.9375 × Iinjected ; three-phase pure zero-sequence injection: Iop = 3 × Iinjected).
The positive-sequence restraint is removed for low currents. If the positive-sequence current is below 0.8 pu, the restraint is
removed by changing the constant K to zero. This facilitates better response to high-resistance faults when the unbalance
is very small and there is no danger of excessive CT errors as the current is low.
The directional unit uses the zero-sequence current (I_0) or ground current (IG) for fault direction discrimination and may
be programmed to use either zero-sequence voltage ("Calculated V0" or "Measured VX"), ground current (IG), or both for
polarizing. The following tables define the Neutral Directional Overcurrent element.
Table 5–17: QUANTITIES FOR "CALCULATED 3I0" CONFIGURATION
DIRECTIONAL UNIT
OVERCURRENT UNIT
POLARIZING MODE DIRECTION COMPARED PHASORS
Forward –V_0 + Z_offset × I_0 I_0 × 1∠ECA
Voltage
Reverse –V_0 + Z_offset × I_0 –I_0 × 1∠ECA
Forward IG I_0
Current
Reverse IG –I_0
–V_0 + Z_offset × I_0 I_0 × 1∠ECA Iop = 3 × (|I_0| – K × |I_1|) if |I1| > 0.8 pu
Forward or Iop = 3 × (|I_0|) if |I1| ≤ 0.8 pu
IG I_0
Dual
–V_0 + Z_offset × I_0 –I_0 × 1∠ECA
Reverse or
IG –I_0

Table 5–18: QUANTITIES FOR "MEASURED IG" CONFIGURATION 5

DIRECTIONAL UNIT
OVERCURRENT UNIT
POLARIZING MODE DIRECTION COMPARED PHASORS
Forward –V_0 + Z_offset × IG/3 IG × 1∠ECA
Voltage Iop = |IG|
Reverse –V_0 + Z_offset × IG/3 –IG × 1∠ECA

1
where: V_0 = --- ( VAG + VBG + VCG ) = zero sequence voltage
3
1 1
I_0 = --- IN = --- ( IA + IB + IC ) = zero sequence current
3 3
ECA = element characteristic angle
IG = ground current
When NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POL VOLT is set to "Measured VX", one-third of this voltage is used in place of V_0. The following
figure explains the usage of the voltage polarized directional unit of the element.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-105

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

REV LA FWD LA
line –3V_0 line line
VAG
(reference)

REV Operating FWD Operating

Region Region

LA
LA
3I_0 line
ECA

ECA line

–ECA line

–3I_0 line LA

VCG LA

VBG

FWD LA
REV LA line
3V_0 line
line 827805A1.CDR

Figure 5–62: NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL VOLTAGE-POLARIZED CHARACTERISTICS

5 The above figure shows the voltage-polarized phase angle comparator characteristics for a phase-A to ground fault, with:
ECA = 90° (Element Characteristic Angle = centerline of operating characteristic)
FWD LA = 80° (Forward Limit Angle = the ± angular limit with the ECA for operation)
REV LA = 80° (Reverse Limit Angle = the ± angular limit with the ECA for operation)
The element incorporates a current reversal logic: if the reverse direction is indicated for at least 1.25 of a power system
cycle, the prospective forward indication will be delayed by 1.5 of a power system cycle. The element is designed to emu-
late an electromechanical directional device. Larger operating and polarizing signals will result in faster directional discrimi-
nation bringing more security to the element operation.
The forward-looking function is designed to be more secure as compared to the reverse-looking function, and therefore,
should be used for the tripping direction. The reverse-looking function is designed to be faster as compared to the forward-
looking function and should be used for the blocking direction. This allows for better protection coordination.
The above bias should be taken into account when using the Neutral Directional Overcurrent element to ’directionalize’
other protection elements.
• NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POLARIZING: This setting selects the polarizing mode for the directional unit.
– If "Voltage" polarizing is selected, the element uses the zero-sequence voltage angle for polarization. The user
can use either the zero-sequence voltage V_0 calculated from the phase voltages, or the zero-sequence voltage
supplied externally as the auxiliary voltage Vx, both from the NEUTRAL DIR OC1 SOURCE.
The calculated V_0 can be used as polarizing voltage only if the voltage transformers are connected in Wye. The
auxiliary voltage can be used as the polarizing voltage provided SYSTEM SETUP ! AC INPUTS !" VOLTAGE BANK
!" AUXILIARY VT CONNECTION is set to "Vn" and the auxiliary voltage is connected to a zero-sequence voltage
source (such as open delta connected secondary of VTs).
The zero-sequence (V_0) or auxiliary voltage (Vx), accordingly, must be higher than 1 V secondary to be validated
for use as a polarizing signal. If the polarizing signal is invalid, neither forward nor reverse indication is given.
– If "Current" polarizing is selected, the element uses the ground current angle connected externally and configured
under NEUTRAL OC1 SOURCE for polarization. The ground current transformer must be connected between the
ground and neutral point of an adequate local source of ground current. The ground current must be higher than
0.05 pu to be validated for use as a polarizing signal. If the polarizing signal is not valid neither forward nor reverse
indication is given.

5-106 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

For a choice of current polarizing, it is recommended that the polarizing signal be analyzed to ensure that a known
direction is maintained irrespective of the fault location. For example, if using an autotransformer neutral current
as a polarizing source, it should be ensured that a reversal of the ground current does not occur for a high-side
fault. The low-side system impedance should be assumed minimal when checking for this condition. A similar sit-
uation arises for a Wye/Delta/Wye transformer, where current in one transformer winding neutral may reverse
when faults on both sides of the transformer are considered.
– If "Dual" polarizing is selected, the element performs both directional comparisons as described above. A given
direction is confirmed if either voltage or current comparators indicate so. If a conflicting (simultaneous forward
and reverse) indication occurs, the forward direction overrides the reverse direction.
• NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POL VOLT: Selects the polarizing voltage used by the directional unit when "Voltage" or "Dual"
polarizing mode is set. The polarizing voltage can be programmed to be either the zero-sequence voltage calculated
from the phase voltages ("Calculated V0") or supplied externally as an auxiliary voltage ("Measured VX").
• NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OP CURR: This setting indicates whether the 3I_0 current calculated from the phase currents, or
the ground current shall be used by this protection. This setting acts as a switch between the neutral and ground
modes of operation (67N and 67G). If set to "Calculated 3I0" the element uses the phase currents and applies the pos-
itive-sequence restraint; if set to "Measured IG" the element uses ground current supplied to the ground CT of the CT
bank configured as NEUTRAL DIR OC1 SOURCE. Naturally, it is not possible to use the ground current as an operating
and polarizing signal simultaneously. Therefore, "Voltage" is the only applicable selection for the polarizing mode
under the "Measured IG" selection of this setting.
• NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OFFSET: This setting specifies the offset impedance used by this protection. The primary appli-
cation for the offset impedance is to guarantee correct identification of fault direction on series compensated lines. See
the APPLICATION OF SETTINGS chapter for information on how to calculate this setting.
In regular applications, the offset impedance ensures proper operation even if the zero-sequence voltage at the relay-
ing point is very small. If this is the intent, the offset impedance shall not be larger than the zero-sequence impedance
of the protected circuit. Practically, it shall be several times smaller. See the THEORY OF OPERATION chapter for 5
more details. The offset impedance shall be entered in secondary ohms.
• NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD ECA: This setting defines the characteristic angle (ECA) for the forward direction in the
"Voltage" polarizing mode. The "Current" polarizing mode uses a fixed ECA of 0°. The ECA in the reverse direction is
the angle set for the forward direction shifted by 180°.
• NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines a symmetrical (in both directions from the ECA) limit
angle for the forward direction.
• NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD PICKUP: This setting defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit of the element in the
forward direction. When selecting this setting it must be kept in mind that the design uses a "positive-sequence
restraint" technique for the "Calculated 3I0" mode of operation.
• NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines a symmetrical (in both directions from the ECA) limit
angle for the reverse direction.
• NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV PICKUP: This setting defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit of the element in the
reverse direction. When selecting this setting it must be kept in mind that the design uses a "positive-sequence
restraint" technique for the "Calculated 3I0" mode of operation.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-107

 5

5-108
SETTING
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD
PICKUP:
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OP
CURR:
SETTING
RUN
NEUTRAL DIR OC1
FUNCTION: 3( I_0 - K I_1 ) PICKUP
Disabled=0 OR
Enabled=1 IG PICKUP AND
5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

SETTING
AND SETTINGS
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 BLK: AND
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD
ECA:
Off=0
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
LIMIT ANGLE:
SETTING AND NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV
SOURCE: LIMIT ANGLE:

NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POL NEUTRAL DIR OC1

VOLT: OFFSET:
RUN
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OP
CURR:
FWD
Measured VX OR
Calculated V_0 FWD
} 1.25 cy
-3V_0 AND
Zero Seq Crt (I_0) 1.5 cy
Ground Crt (IG) REV
} 3I_0 REV

Voltage Polarization

D60 Line Distance Relay

SETTING IG 0.05 pu AND RUN
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD
POLARIZING:
Voltage OR Current Polarization
Current OR
REV
Dual OR
NOTE:

Figure 5–63: NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OC1 SCHEME LOGIC

1) CURRENT POLARIZING IS POSSIBLE ONLY IN RELAYS WITH
THE GROUND CURRENT INPUTS CONNECTED TO
AN ADEQUATE CURRENT POLARIZING SOURCE SETTING
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV
2) GROUND CURRENT CAN NOT BE USED FOR POLARIZATION PICKUP:
AND OPERATION SIMULTANEOUSLY AND FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OP
3) POSITIVE SEQUENCE RESTRAINT IS NOT APPLIED WHEN CURR: NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV
I_1 IS BELOW 0.8pu RUN
3( I_0 - K I_1 ) PICKUP
OR
IG PICKUP 827077AA.CDR
5 SETTINGS

GE Multilin
 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

5.5.11 GROUND CURRENT

a) GROUND TOC1(2) (GROUND TIME OVERCURRENT: ANSI 51G)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" GROUND CURRENT ! GROUND TOC1

# GROUND TOC1 GROUND TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
GROUND TOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
GROUND TOC1 Range: Phasor, RMS
MESSAGE
INPUT: Phasor
GROUND TOC1 Range: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.000 pu
GROUND TOC1 Range: see OVERCURRENT CURVE TYPES table
MESSAGE
CURVE: IEEE Mod Inv
GROUND TOC1 Range: 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
TD MULTIPLIER: 1.00
GROUND TOC1 Range: Instantaneous, Timed
MESSAGE
RESET: Instantaneous
GROUND TOC1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off

MESSAGE
GROUND TOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
5
TARGET: Self-reset
GROUND TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

This element can provide a desired time-delay operating characteristic versus the applied current or be used as a simple
Definite Time element. The ground current input value is the quantity measured by the ground input CT and is the funda-
mental phasor or RMS magnitude. Two methods of resetting operation are available; “Timed” and “Instantaneous” (refer to
the INVERSE TIME OVERCURRENT CURVE CHARACTERISTICS section for details). When the element is blocked, the
time accumulator will reset according to the reset characteristic. For example, if the element reset characteristic is set to
"Instantaneous" and the element is blocked, the time accumulator will be cleared immediately.
SETTINGS
GROUND TOC1
SETTING INPUT:
GROUND TOC1 GROUND TOC1
FUNCTION: PICKUP:
Disabled = 0 GROUND TOC1
Enabled = 1 CURVE:
GROUND TOC1
TD MULTIPLIER:
GROUND TOC 1 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
SETTING
RESET: GROUND TOC1 PKP
GROUND TOC1
AND RUN IG ≥ PICKUP GROUND TOC1 DPO
SOURCE:
GROUND TOC1 OP
IG t
I
SETTING
GROUND TOC1
BLOCK:
827036A3.VSD
Off = 0

Figure 5–64: GROUND TOC1 SCHEME LOGIC

These elements measure the current that is connected to the ground channel of a CT/VT module. This channel
may be equipped with a standard or sensitive input. The conversion range of a standard channel is from 0.02 to 46
NOTE
times the CT rating. The conversion range of a sensitive channel is from 0.002 to 4.6 times the CT rating.
Once picked up, the GROUND TOCx PKP output operand remains picked up until the thermal memory of
the element resets completely. The PKP operand will not reset immediately after the operating current
NOTE
drops below the pickup threshold unless GROUND TOCx RESET is set to "Instantaneous".

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-109

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

b) GROUND IOC1(2) (GROUND INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT: ANSI 50G)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" GROUND CURRENT !" GROUND IOC1

# GROUND IOC1 GROUND IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
GROUND IOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
GROUND IOC1 Range: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.000 pu
GROUND IOC1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.00 s
GROUND IOC1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.00 s
GROUND IOC1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
GROUND IOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
GROUND IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The ground instantaneous overcurrent element may be used as an instantaneous element with no intentional delay or as a

5 Definite Time element. The ground current input value is the quantity measured by the ground input CT and is the funda-
mental phasor magnitude.

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
SETTING GROUND IOC1 PKP
GROUND IOC1
GROUND IOIC DPO
FUNCTION:
Disabled = 0 SETTINGS GROUND IOC1 OP

Enabled = 1 GROUND IOC1 PICKUP

SETTING DELAY:
GROUND IOC1 GROUND IOC1 RESET
SETTING
PICKUP: DELAY:
GROUND IOC1
AND RUN tPKP
SOURCE:
IG
IG ≥ PICKUP tRST
SETTING
GROUND IOC1
BLOCK:
827037A4.VSD
Off = 0

Figure 5–65: GROUND IOC1 SCHEME LOGIC

These elements measure the current that is connected to the ground channel of a CT/VT module. This channel
may be equipped with a standard or sensitive input. The conversion range of a standard channel is from 0.02 to 46
NOTE
times the CT rating. The conversion range of a sensitive channel is from 0.002 to 4.6 times the CT rating.

5-110 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

5.5.12 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT

a) NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TOC1(2) (NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TIME OVERCURRENT: ANSI 51_2)

PATH: SETTINGS " GROUPED ELEMENTS !" SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT ! NEG SEQ TOC1

# NEG SEQ TOC1 NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
NEG SEQ TOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.000 pu
NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: see OVERCURRENT CURVE TYPES table
MESSAGE
CURVE: IEEE Mod Inv
NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
TD MULTIPLIER: 1.00
NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: Instantaneous, Timed
MESSAGE
RESET: Instantaneous
NEG SEQ TOC1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset

MESSAGE
NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
5
EVENTS: Disabled

The negative sequence time overcurrent element may be used to determine and clear unbalance in the system. The input
for calculating negative sequence current is the fundamental phasor value.
Two methods of resetting operation are available; “Timed” and “Instantaneous” (refer to the INVERSE TIME OVERCUR-
RENT CURVE CHARACTERISTICS section for details on curve setup, trip times and reset operation). When the element
is blocked, the time accumulator will reset according to the reset characteristic. For example, if the element reset character-
istic is set to "Instantaneous" and the element is blocked, the time accumulator will be cleared immediately.

SETTING

NEG SEQ TOC1 INPUT:

NEG SEQ TOC1 PICKUP:

SETTING
NEG SEQ TOC1 CURVE:
NEG SEQ TOC1 FUNCTION:

Disabled=0 NEG SEQ TOC1 TD MULTIPLIER:

Enabled=1
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
NEG SEQ TOC1 RESET:
NEG SEQ TOC1 PKP
SETTING
AND RUN NEG SEQ < PICKUP NEG SEQ TOC1 DPO
NEG SEQ TOC1 BLOCK: NEG SEQ TOC1 OP

Off=0
t

SETTING

NEG SEQ TOC1 SOURCE:

Neg Seq 827057A4.CDR

Figure 5–66: NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TOC1 SCHEME LOGIC

Once picked up, the NEG SEQ TOCx PKP output operand remains picked up until the thermal memory of
the element resets completely. The PKP operand will not reset immediately after the operating current
NOTE
drops below the pickup threshold unless NEG SEQ TOCx RESET is set to "Instantaneous".

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-111

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

b) NEGATIVE SEQUENCE IOC1(2) (NEGATIVE SEQUENCE INSTANTANEOUS O/C: ANSI 50_2)

PATH: SETTINGS " GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT !" NEG SEQ OC1

# NEG SEQ IOC1 NEG SEQ IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
NEG SEQ IOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
NEG SEQ IOC1 Range: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.000 pu
NEG SEQ IOC1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.00 s
NEG SEQ IOC1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.00 s
NEG SEQ IOC1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
NEG SEQ IOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
NEG SEQ IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent element may be used as an instantaneous function with no intentional

5 delay or as a Definite Time function. The element responds to the negative-sequence current fundamental frequency pha-
sor magnitude (calculated from the phase currents) and applies a “positive-sequence” restraint for better performance: a
small portion (12.5%) of the positive-sequence current magnitude is subtracted from the negative-sequence current magni-
tude when forming the operating quantity:
I op = I_2 – K ⋅ I_1 where K = 1 ⁄ 8 (EQ 5.12)

The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious negative-sequence cur-
rents resulting from:
• system unbalances under heavy load conditions
• transformation errors of current transformers (CTs) during three-phase faults
• fault inception and switch-off transients during three-phase faults
The positive-sequence restraint must be considered when testing for pickup accuracy and response time (multiple of
pickup). The operating quantity depends on the way the test currents are injected into the relay (single phase injection:
I op = 0.2917 ⋅ I injected ; three phase injection, opposite rotation: I op = I injected ).

SETTING

NEG SEQ IOC1 FUNCTION: SETTING

Disabled=0 NEG SEQ IOC1

SETTING PICKUP DELAY:
Enabled=1 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
NEG SEQ IOC1
NEG SEQ IOC1 PICKUP: NEG SEQ IOC1 PKP
RESET DELAY:
SETTING NEG SEQ IOC1 DPO
AND RUN tPKP
tRST NEG SEQ IOC1 OP
NEG SEQ IOC1 BLOCK: I_2 - K I_1 PICKUP

Off=0

SETTING

NEG SEQ IOC1 SOURCE:

I_2 827058A5.CDR

Figure 5–67: NEGATIVE SEQUENCE IOC1 SCHEME LOGIC

5-112 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

c) NEGATIVE SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL OC1(2) (NEGATIVE SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL O/C: ANSI 67_2)
PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT !" NEG SEQ DIR OC1

# NEG SEQ DIR OC1 NEG SEQ DIR OC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
# FUNCTION: Disabled
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 Range: 0.00 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
OFFSET: 0.00 Ω
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 Range: Neg Sequence, Zero Sequence
MESSAGE
TYPE: Neg Sequence
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD Range: 0 to 90° Lag in steps of 1
MESSAGE
ECA: 75° Lag
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD Range: 40 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
LIMIT ANGLE: 90°
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD Range: 0.05 to 30.00 pu in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 0.05 pu
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV Range: 40 to 90° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
LIMIT ANGLE: 90°
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV Range: 0.05 to 30.00 pu in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 0.05 pu
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 BLK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand 5
MESSAGE
Off
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

There are two Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent protection elements available. The element provides both for-
ward and reverse fault direction indications through its output operands NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD and NEG SEQ DIR OC1
REV, respectively. The output operand is asserted if the magnitude of the operating current is above a pickup level (over-
current unit) and the fault direction is seen as “forward or “reverse”, respectively (directional unit).
The overcurrent unit of the element essentially responds to the magnitude of a fundamental frequency phasor of either
the negative-sequence or zero-sequence current as per user selection. The zero-sequence current should not be mistaken
with the neutral current (factor 3 difference).
A “positive-sequence restraint” is applied for better performance: a small portion (12.5% for negative-sequence and 6.25%
for zero-sequence) of the positive–sequence current magnitude is subtracted from the negative- or zero-sequence current
magnitude, respectively, when forming the element operating quantity.
I op = I_2 – K × I_1 , where K = 1 ⁄ 8 or I op = I_0 – K × I_1 , where K = 1 ⁄ 16 (EQ 5.13)

The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious negative- and zero-
sequence currents resulting from:
• System unbalances under heavy load conditions.
• Transformation errors of Current Transformers (CTs).
• Fault inception and switch-off transients.
The positive-sequence restraint must be considered when testing for pick-up accuracy and response time (multiple of
pickup). The operating quantity depends on the way the test currents are injected into the relay:
• single-phase injection: Iop = 0.2917 × Iinjected (negative-sequence mode); Iop = 0.3125 × Iinjected (zero-sequence mode)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-113

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

• three-phase pure zero- or negative-sequence injection, respectively: Iop = Iinjected.

• the directional unit uses the negative-sequence current and voltage for fault direction discrimination
The following table defines the Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent element.
OVERCURRENT UNIT DIRECTIONAL UNIT
MODE OPERATING CURRENT DIRECTION COMPARED PHASORS
Negative-Sequence Iop = |I_2| – K × I_1| Forward –V_2 + Z_offset × I_2 I_2 × 1∠ECA
Reverse –V_2 + Z_offset × I_2 –(I_2 × 1∠ECA)
Zero-Sequence Iop = |I_0| – K × |I_1| Forward –V_2 + Z_offset × I_2 I_2 × 1∠ECA
Reverse –V_2 + Z_offset × I_2 –(I_2 × 1∠ECA)

The negative-sequence voltage must be higher than 1 V secondary in order to be validated for use as a polarizing signal. If
the polarizing signal is not validated neither forward nor reverse indication is given. The following figure explains the usage
of the voltage polarized directional unit of the element.

–V_2 line

REV FWD
LA LA VAG (reference)

REV Operating
Region

5 LA

ECA line
LA ECA

I_2 line

–I_2 line LA
FWD Operating
Region

–ECA line

LA

VCG VBG

REV FWD
LA LA
V_2 line 827806A2.CDR

Figure 5–68: NEG SEQ DIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

The above figure shows the phase angle comparator characteristics for a phase-A to ground fault, with settings of:
ECA = 75° (Element Characteristic Angle = centerline of operating characteristic)
FWD LA = 80° (Forward Limit Angle = ± the angular limit with the ECA for operation)
REV LA = 80° (Reverse Limit Angle = ± the angular limit with the ECA for operation)
The element incorporates a current reversal logic: if the reverse direction is indicated for at least 1.25 of a power system
cycle, the prospective forward indication will be delayed by 1.5 of a power system cycle. The element is designed to emu-
late an electromechanical directional device. Larger operating and polarizing signals will result in faster directional discrimi-
nation bringing more security to the element operation.
The forward-looking function is designed to be more secure as compared to the reverse-looking function, and therefore,
should be used for the tripping direction. The reverse-looking function is designed to be faster as compared to the forward-
looking function and should be used for the blocking direction. This allows for better protection coordination. The above
bias should be taken into account when using the Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent element to "directionalize"
other protection elements.

5-114 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

• NEG SEQ DIR OC1 OFFSET: This setting specifies the offset impedance used by this protection. The primary applica-
tion for the offset impedance is to guarantee correct identification of fault direction on series compensated lines. See
the APPLICATION OF SETTINGS chapter for information on how to calculate this setting.
In regular applications, the offset impedance ensures proper operation even if the negative-sequence voltage at the
relaying point is very small. If this is the intent, the offset impedance shall not be larger than the negative-sequence
sequence impedance of the protected circuit. Practically, it shall be several times smaller. See the THEORY OF
OPERATION chapter for more details. The offset impedance shall be entered in secondary ohms.
• NEG SEQ DIR OC1 TYPE: This setting selects the operating mode for the overcurrent unit of the element. The
choices are "Neg Sequence" and "Zero Sequence". In some applications it is advantageous to use a directional nega-
tive-sequence overcurrent function instead of a directional zero-sequence overcurrent function as inter-circuit mutual
effects are minimized.
• NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD ECA: This setting select the element characteristic angle (ECA) for the forward direction.
The element characteristic angle in the reverse direction is the angle set for the forward direction shifted by 180°.
• NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines a symmetrical (in both directions from the ECA) limit
angle for the forward direction.
• NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD PICKUP: This setting defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit in the forward direc-
tion. Upon NEG SEQ DIR OC1 TYPE selection, this pickup threshold applies to zero- or negative-sequence current. When
selecting this setting it must be kept in mind that the design uses a "positive-sequence restraint" technique.
• NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines a symmetrical (in both directions from the ECA) limit
angle for the reverse direction.
• NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV PICKUP: This setting defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit in the reverse direc-
tion. Upon NEG SEQ DIR OC1 TYPE selection, this pickup threshold applies to zero- or negative-sequence current. When
selecting this setting it must be kept in mind that the design uses a "positive-sequence restraint" technique.
5
SETTING
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD
PICKUP:
AND RUN
I_0 - K I_1 PICKUP
OR
AND RUN
SETTING I_2 - K I_1 PICKUP AND
NEG SEQ DIR OC1
FUNCTION:
Disabled=0 SETTINGS
Enabled=1 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD
ECA: AND NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD
SETTING NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD
AND
LIMIT ANGLE:
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 BLK:
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV
Off=0 LIMIT ANGLE:
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 1.25 cy
SETTING OFFSET: AND
1.5 cy
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 RUN FWD
SOURCE: FWD
Neg Seq Voltage (V_2) REV.
Neg Seq Seq Crt (I_2)
Zero Seq Seq Crt (I_0) V_2 pol REV
Voltage Polarization

SETTING SETTING

NEG SEQ DIR OC1 NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV

AND FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
TYPE: PICKUP:
AND RUN NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV
Neg Sequence
Zero Sequence I_2 - K I_1 PICKUP
OR
AND RUN
I_0 - K I_1 PICKUP
827091A3.CDR

Figure 5–69: NEG SEQ DIRECTIONAL OC1 SCHEME LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-115

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.5.13 BREAKER FAILURE

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" BREAKER FAILURE ! BREAKER FAILURE 1

# BREAKER FAILURE 1 BF1 FUNCTION: Range: Disabled, Enabled

# Disabled

BF1 MODE: Range: 3-Pole, 1-Pole

MESSAGE
3-Pole

BF1 SOURCE: Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

MESSAGE
SRC 1
BF1 USE AMP SUPV: Range: Yes, No
MESSAGE
Yes
BF1 USE SEAL-IN: Range: Yes, No
MESSAGE
Yes
BF1 3-POLE INITIATE: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BF1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BF1 PH AMP SUPV Range: 0.001 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.050 pu
BF1 N AMP SUPV Range: 0.001 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
5 MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.050 pu
BF1 USE TIMER 1: Range: Yes, No
MESSAGE
Yes
BF1 TIMER 1 PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s
BF1 USE TIMER 2: Range: Yes, No
MESSAGE
Yes
BF1 TIMER 2 PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s
BF1 USE TIMER 3: Range: Yes, No
MESSAGE
Yes
BF1 TIMER 3 PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s
BF1 BKR POS1 φA/3P: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BF1 BKR POS2 φA/3P: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BF1 BREAKER TEST ON: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BF1 PH AMP HISET Range: 0.001 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.050 pu
BF1 N AMP HISET Range: 0.001 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.050 pu
BF1 PH AMP LOSET Range: 0.001 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.050 pu

5-116 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

BF1 N AMP LOSET Range: 0.001 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.050 pu
BF1 LOSET TIME Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s
BF1 TRIP DROPOUT Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s
BF1 TARGET Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
Self-Reset
BF1 EVENTS Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
Disabled
BF1 PH A INITIATE: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes.
Off
BF1 PH B INITIATE: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes.
Off
BF1 PH C INITIATE: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes.
Off
BF1 BKR POS1 φB Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes.
Off
BF1 BKR POS1 φC Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes.
Off
BF1 BKR POS2 φB Range: FlexLogic™ operand 5
MESSAGE Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes.
Off
BF1 BKR POS2 φC Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes.
Off

There are 2 identical Breaker Failure menus available, numbered 1 and 2.

In general, a breaker failure scheme determines that a breaker signaled to trip has not cleared a fault within a definite time,
so further tripping action must be performed. Tripping from the breaker failure scheme should trip all breakers, both local
and remote, that can supply current to the faulted zone. Usually operation of a breaker failure element will cause clearing of
a larger section of the power system than the initial trip. Because breaker failure can result in tripping a large number of
breakers and this affects system safety and stability, a very high level of security is required.
Two schemes are provided: one for three-pole tripping only (identified by the name "3BF") and one for three pole plus sin-
gle-pole operation (identified by the name "1BF"). The philosophy used in these schemes is identical. The operation of a
breaker failure element includes three stages: initiation, determination of a breaker failure condition, and output.
INITIATION STAGE:
A FlexLogic™ operand representing the protection trip signal initially sent to the breaker must be selected to initiate the
scheme, except for the D60 relay were this is already programmed as a Trip Output (the protection trip signal does not
include other breaker commands that are not indicative of a fault in the protected zone). The initiating signal should be
sealed-in if primary fault detection can reset before the breaker failure timers have finished timing. The seal-in is supervised
by current level, so it is reset when the fault is cleared. If desired, an incomplete sequence seal-in reset can be imple-
mented by using the initiating operand to also initiate a FlexLogic™ timer, set longer than any breaker failure timer, whose
output operand is selected to block the breaker failure scheme.
Schemes can be initiated either directly or with current level supervision. It is particularly important in any application to
decide if a current-supervised initiate is to be used. The use of a current-supervised initiate results in the breaker failure
element not being initiated for a breaker that has very little or no current flowing through it, which may be the case for trans-
former faults. For those situations where it is required to maintain breaker fail coverage for fault levels below the BF1 PH
AMP SUPV PICKUP or the BF1 N AMP SUPV PICKUP setting, a current supervised initiate should not be used. This feature
should be utilized for those situations where coordinating margins may be reduced when high speed reclosing is used.
Thus, if this choice is made, fault levels must always be above the supervision pickup levels for dependable operation of

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-117

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

the breaker fail scheme. This can also occur in breaker-and-a-half or ring bus configurations where the first breaker closes
into a fault; the protection trips and attempts to initiate breaker failure for the second breaker, which is in the process of
closing, but does not yet have current flowing through it.
When the scheme is initiated, it immediately sends a trip signal to the breaker initially signaled to trip (this feature is usually
described as Re-Trip). This reduces the possibility of widespread tripping that results from a declaration of a failed breaker.
DETERMINATION OF A BREAKER FAILURE CONDITION:
The schemes determine a breaker failure condition via three ‘paths’. Each of these paths is equipped with a time delay,
after which a failed breaker is declared and trip signals are sent to all breakers required to clear the zone. The delayed
paths are associated with Breaker Failure Timers 1, 2 and 3, which are intended to have delays increasing with increasing
timer numbers. These delayed paths are individually enabled to allow for maximum flexibility.
Timer 1 logic (Early Path) is supervised by a fast-operating breaker auxiliary contact. If the breaker is still closed (as indi-
cated by the auxiliary contact) and fault current is detected after the delay interval, an output is issued. Operation of the
breaker auxiliary switch indicates that the breaker has mechanically operated. The continued presence of current indicates
that the breaker has failed to interrupt the circuit.
Timer 2 logic (Main Path) is not supervised by a breaker auxiliary contact. If fault current is detected after the delay interval,
an output is issued. This path is intended to detect a breaker that opens mechanically but fails to interrupt fault current; the
logic therefore does not use a breaker auxiliary contact.
The Timer 1 and 2 paths provide two levels of current supervision, Hiset and Loset, so that the supervision level can be
changed from a current which flows before a breaker inserts an opening resistor into the faulted circuit to a lower level after
resistor insertion. The Hiset detector is enabled after timeout of Timer 1 or 2, along with a timer that will enable the Loset
detector after its delay interval. The delay interval between Hiset and Loset is the expected breaker opening time. Both cur-
rent detectors provide a fast operating time for currents at small multiples of the pickup value. The O/C detectors are
required to operate after the breaker failure delay interval to eliminate the need for very fast resetting O/C detectors.
5 Timer 3 logic (Slow Path) is supervised by a breaker auxiliary contact and a control switch contact used to indicate that the
breaker is in/out of service, disabling this path when the breaker is out of service for maintenance. There is no current level
check in this logic as it is intended to detect low magnitude faults and it is therefore the slowest to operate.
OUTPUT:
The outputs from the schemes are:
• FlexLogic™ operands that report on the operation of portions of the scheme
• FlexLogic™ operand used to re-trip the protected breaker
• FlexLogic™ operands that initiate tripping required to clear the faulted zone. The trip output can be sealed-in for an
adjustable period.
• Target message indicating a failed breaker has been declared
• Illumination of the faceplate TRIP LED (and the PHASE A, B or C LED, if applicable)
MAIN PATH SEQUENCE:

ACTUAL CURRENT MAGNITUDE

FAILED INTERRUPTION
0
AMP CALCULATED CURRENT MAGNITUDE
CORRECT INTERRUPTION
Rampdown
0
PROTECTION OPERATION BREAKER INTERRUPTING TIME
(ASSUMED 1.5 cycles) (ASSUMED 3 cycles)
MARGIN BACKUP BREAKER OPERATING TIME
(Assumed 2 Cycles) (Assumed 3 Cycles)

BREAKER FAILURE TIMER No. 2 (±1/8 cycle)

INITIATE (1/8 cycle)

BREAKER FAILURE CURRENT DETECTOR PICKUP (1/8 cycle)

BREAKER FAILURE OUTPUT RELAY PICKUP (1/4 cycle)

FAULT cycles
OCCURS
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

827083A6.CDR

Figure 5–70: BREAKER FAILURE MAIN PATH SEQUENCE

SETTINGS:
• BF1 MODE: This setting is used to select the breaker failure operating mode: single or three pole.

5-118 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

• BF1 USE AMP SUPV: If set to "Yes", the element will only be initiated if current flowing through the breaker is above
the supervision pickup level.
• BF1 USE SEAL-IN: If set to "Yes", the element will only be sealed-in if current flowing through the breaker is above the
supervision pickup level.
• BF1 3-POLE INITIATE: This setting selects the FlexLogic™ operand that will initiate 3-pole tripping of the breaker.
• BF1 PH AMP SUPV PICKUP: This setting is used to set the phase current initiation and seal-in supervision level.
Generally this setting should detect the lowest expected fault current on the protected breaker. It can be set as low as
necessary (lower than breaker resistor current or lower than load current) - Hiset and Loset current supervision will
guarantee correct operation.
• BF1 N AMP SUPV PICKUP: This setting is used to set the neutral current initiate and seal-in supervision level. Gener-
ally this setting should detect the lowest expected fault current on the protected breaker. Neutral current supervision is
used only in the three phase scheme to provide increased sensitivity. This setting is valid only for three-pole tripping
schemes.
• BF1 USE TIMER 1: If set to "Yes", the Early Path is operational.
• BF1 TIMER 1 PICKUP DELAY: Timer 1 is set to the shortest time required for breaker auxiliary contact Status-1 to
open, from the time the initial trip signal is applied to the breaker trip circuit, plus a safety margin.
• BF1 USE TIMER 2: If set to "Yes", the Main Path is operational.
• BF1 TIMER 2 PICKUP DELAY: Timer 2 is set to the expected opening time of the breaker, plus a safety margin. This
safety margin was historically intended to allow for measuring and timing errors in the breaker failure scheme equip-
ment. In microprocessor relays this time is not significant. In D60 relays, which use a Fourier transform, the calculated
current magnitude will ramp-down to zero one power frequency cycle after the current is interrupted, and this lag
should be included in the overall margin duration, as it occurs after current interruption. The BREAKER FAILURE
MAIN PATH SEQUENCE diagram shows a margin of two cycles; this interval is considered the minimum appropriate
for most applications.
5
Note that in bulk oil circuit breakers, the interrupting time for currents less than 25% of the interrupting rating can be
significantly longer than the normal interrupting time.
• BF1 USE TIMER 3: If set to "Yes", the Slow Path is operational.
• BF1 TIMER 3 PICKUP DELAY: Timer 3 is set to the same interval as Timer 2, plus an increased safety margin.
Because this path is intended to operate only for low level faults, the delay can be in the order of 300 to 500 ms.
• BF1 BKR POS1 φA/3P: This setting selects the FlexLogic™ operand that represents the protected breaker early-type
auxiliary switch contact (52/a). When using 1-Pole breaker failure scheme, this operand represents the protected
breaker early-type auxiliary switch contact on pole A. This is normally a non-multiplied Form-A contact. The contact
may even be adjusted to have the shortest possible operating time.
• BF1 BKR POS2 φA/3P: This setting selects the FlexLogic™ operand that represents the breaker normal-type auxil-
iary switch contact (52/a). When using 1-Pole breaker failure scheme, this operand represents the protected breaker
auxiliary switch contact on pole A. This may be a multiplied contact.
• BF1 BREAKER TEST ON: This setting is used to select the FlexLogic™ operand that represents the breaker In-Ser-
vice/Out-of-Service switch set to the Out-of-Service position.
• BF1 PH AMP HISET PICKUP: This setting sets the phase current output supervision level. Generally this setting
should detect the lowest expected fault current on the protected breaker, before a breaker opening resistor is inserted.
• BF1 N AMP HISET PICKUP: This setting sets the neutral current output supervision level. Generally this setting
should detect the lowest expected fault current on the protected breaker, before a breaker opening resistor is inserted.
Neutral current supervision is used only in the three pole scheme to provide increased sensitivity. This setting is valid
only for 3-pole breaker failure schemes.
• BF1 PH AMP LOSET PICKUP: This setting sets the phase current output supervision level. Generally this setting
should detect the lowest expected fault current on the protected breaker, after a breaker opening resistor is inserted
(approximately 90% of the resistor current).
• BF1 N AMP LOSET PICKUP: This setting sets the neutral current output supervision level. Generally this setting
should detect the lowest expected fault current on the protected breaker, after a breaker opening resistor is inserted
(approximately 90% of the resistor current). This setting is valid only for 3-pole breaker failure schemes.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-119

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

• BF1 LOSET TIME DELAY: Sets the pickup delay for current detection after opening resistor insertion.
• BF1 TRIP DROPOUT DELAY: This setting is used to set the period of time for which the trip output is sealed-in. This
timer must be coordinated with the automatic reclosing scheme of the failed breaker, to which the breaker failure ele-
ment sends a cancel reclosure signal. Reclosure of a remote breaker can also be prevented by holding a Transfer Trip
signal on longer than the "reclaim" time.
• BF1 PH A INITIATE / BF1 PH B INITIATE / BF 1 PH C INITIATE: These settings select the FlexLogic™ operand to ini-
tiate phase A, B, or C single-pole tripping of the breaker and the phase A, B, or C portion of the scheme, accordingly.
This setting is only valid for 1-pole breaker failure schemes.
• BF1 BKR POS1 φB / BF1 BKR POS 1 φC: These settings select the FlexLogic™ operand to represents the protected
breaker early-type auxiliary switch contact on poles B or C, accordingly. This contact is normally a non-multiplied
Form-A contact. The contact may even be adjusted to have the shortest possible operating time. This setting is valid
only for 1-pole breaker failure schemes.
• BF1 BKR POS2 φB: Selects the FlexLogic™ operand that represents the protected breaker normal-type auxiliary
switch contact on pole B (52/a). This may be a multiplied contact. This setting is valid only for 1-pole breaker failure
schemes.
• BF1 BKR POS2 φC: This setting selects the FlexLogic™ operand that represents the protected breaker normal-type
auxiliary switch contact on pole C (52/a). This may be a multiplied contact. For single-pole operation, the scheme has
the same overall general concept except that it provides re-tripping of each single pole of the protected breaker. The
approach shown in the following single pole tripping diagram uses the initiating information to determine which pole is
supposed to trip. The logic is segregated on a per-pole basis. The overcurrent detectors have ganged settings. This
setting is valid only for 1-pole breaker failure schemes.
Upon operation of the breaker failure element for a single pole trip command, a 3-pole trip command should be given
via output operand "BF1 TRIP OP".
5

5-120 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

In D60 Only
From Trip Output
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
TRIP PHASE C
TRIP PHASE B
TRIP 3-POLE
TRIP PHASE A

SETTING

BF1 FUNCTION:

Enable=1
Disable=0

SETTING AND

BF1 BLOCK :

Off=0

SETTING

BF1 PH A INITIATE:
OR
Off=0
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND

BKR FAIL 1 RETRIPA

SETTING OR
OR
BF1 3-POLE INITIATE : AND

Off=0 Initiated Ph A
TO SHEET 2 OF 2
SETTING

BF1 USE SEAL-IN:

5
YES=1
NO=0 AND

AND SEAL-IN PATH

SETTING OR

BF1 USE AMP SUPV:

YES=1
NO=0 OR

OR
TO SHEET 2 OF 2
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND (Initiated)
SETTING
OR
BF1 PH B INITIATE : OR BKR FAIL 1 RETRIPB
AND
Off=0 AND
SEAL-IN PATH

Initiated Ph B
TO SHEET 2 OF 2
OR

SETTING OR
BF1 PH C INITIATE : FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OR
BKR FAIL 1 RETRIPC
Off=0
AND
SETTING AND
SETTING SEAL-IN PATH
BF1 PH AMP SUPV
BF1 SOURCE : PICKUP : Initiated Ph C
RUN TO SHEET 2 OF 2
IA IA PICKUP
RUN
IB IB PICKUP OR
RUN
IC IC PICKUP

} TO SHEET 2 OF 2
(827070.CDR)

827069A5.CDR

Figure 5–71: BREAKER FAILURE 1-POLE [INITIATE] (SHEET 1 OF 2)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-121

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

FROM SHEET 1 OF 2
(Initiated)
SETTING
SETTING
BF1 TIMER 1 PICKUP
BF1 USE TIMER 1: DELAY: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND

YES=1 AND 0 BKR FAIL 1 T1 OP

NO=0

SETTING
BF1 BKR POS1 A/3P:

Off=0 AND

FROM SHEET 1 OF 2
Initiated Ph A
OR

SETTING SETTING
BF1 USE TIMER 2: BF1 TIMER 2 PICKUP
DELAY: AND
NO=0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
YES=1 AND 0
BKR FAIL 1 T2 OP
SETTING
BF1 BKR POS1 B:

Off=0 AND

FROM SHEET 1 OF 2 OR
Initiated Ph B

5 SETTING
BF1 BKR POS1 C:
AND

Off=0 AND

FROM SHEET 1 OF 2 OR
Initiated Ph C

AND
SETTING
BF1 PH AMP HISET
FROM SHEET 1 OF 2
PICKUP:
(827069.CDR)
RUN
IA IA PICKUP
RUN
IB IB PICKUP
RUN
IC IC PICKUP

SETTING SETTING
BF1 LOSET TIME SETTING
BF1 USE TIMER 3: DELAY: BF1 TRIP DROPOUT
YES=1 DELAY: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
0
NO=0 0 BKR FAIL 1 TRIP OP
OR
0
SETTING SETTING
BF1 BKR POS2 A/3P: 0 BF1 PH AMP LOSET
PICKUP :
RUN
Off=0 IA PICKUP
SETTING RUN
IB PICKUP
SETTING BF1 TIMER 3 PICKUP RUN
IC PICKUP
DELAY:
BF1 BKR POS2 B:
AND 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
Off=0 BKR FAIL 1 T3 OP

SETTING
BF1 BKR POS2 C:

Off=0

SETTING

BF1 BREAKER TEST ON:

Off=0 827070A4.CDR

Figure 5–72: BREAKER FAILURE 1-POLE (TIMERS) [SHEET 2 OF 2]

5-122 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

Figure 5–73: BREAKER FAILURE 3-POLE [INITIATE] (SHEET 1 OF 2)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-123

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

Figure 5–74: BREAKER FAILURE 3-POLE [TIMERS] (SHEET 2 OF 2)

5-124 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

5.5.14 VOLTAGE ELEMENTS

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" VOLTAGE ELEMENTS

# VOLTAGE ELEMENTS # PHASE

# # UNDERVOLTAGE1
# PHASE
MESSAGE
# UNDERVOLTAGE2
# PHASE
MESSAGE
# OVERVOLTAGE1
# NEUTRAL OV1
MESSAGE
#
# NEG SEQ OV
MESSAGE
#
# AUXILIARY UV1
MESSAGE
#
# AUXILIARY OV1
MESSAGE
#

These protection elements can be used for a variety of applications such as:
Undervoltage Protection: For voltage sensitive loads, such as induction motors, a drop in voltage increases the drawn
current which may cause dangerous overheating in the motor. The undervoltage protection feature can be used to either
cause a trip or generate an alarm when the voltage drops below a specified voltage setting for a specified time delay. 5
Permissive Functions: The undervoltage feature may be used to block the functioning of external devices by operating an
output relay when the voltage falls below the specified voltage setting. The undervoltage feature may also be used to block
the functioning of other elements through the block feature of those elements.
Source Transfer Schemes: In the event of an undervoltage, a transfer signal may be generated to transfer a load from its
normal source to a standby or emergency power source.
The undervoltage elements can be programmed to have a Definite Time delay characteristic. The Definite Time curve oper-
ates when the voltage drops below the pickup level for a specified period of time. The time delay is adjustable from 0 to
600.00 seconds in steps of 10 ms. The undervoltage elements can also be programmed to have an inverse time delay
characteristic. The undervoltage delay setting defines the family of curves shown below.
D=5.0 2.0 1.0
20.0
D
T = ----------------------------------
V 
 1 – ------------------
18.0
 V pickup 16.0
14.0
Time (seconds)

where: T = Operating Time 12.0

D = Undervoltage Delay Setting
10.0
(D = 0.00 operates instantaneously)
8.0
V = Secondary Voltage applied to the relay
Vpickup = Pickup Level 6.0
4.0
At 0% of pickup, the operating time equals the
UNDERVOLTAGE DELAY setting. 2.0
NOTE 0.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
% of V pickup

Figure 5–75: INVERSE TIME UNDERVOLTAGE CURVES

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-125

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.5.15 PHASE VOLTAGE

a) PHASE UV1(2) (PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE: ANSI 27P)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" VOLTAGE ELEMENTS ! PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE1

# PHASE PHASE UV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# UNDERVOLTAGE1 FUNCTION: Disabled
PHASE UV1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
PHASE UV1 MODE: Range: Phase to Ground, Phase to Phase
MESSAGE
Phase to Ground
PHASE UV1 Range: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.000 pu
PHASE UV1 Range: Definite Time, Inverse Time
MESSAGE
CURVE: Definite Time
PHASE UV1 Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 1.00 s
PHASE UV1 MINIMUM Range: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
VOLTAGE: 0.100 pu
PHASE UV1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off

5 MESSAGE
PHASE UV1
TARGET: Self-reset
Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

PHASE UV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The phase undervoltage element may be used to give a desired time-delay operating characteristic versus the applied fun-
damental voltage (phase to ground or phase to phase for Wye VT connection, or phase to phase only for Delta VT connec-
tion) or as a simple Definite Time element. The element resets instantaneously if the applied voltage exceeds the dropout
voltage. The delay setting selects the minimum operating time of the phase undervoltage element. The minimum voltage
setting selects the operating voltage below which the element is blocked (a setting of ‘0’ will allow a dead source to be con-
sidered a fault condition).
SETTING SETTING
PHASE UV1 PHASE UV1
FUNCTION: PICKUP:
Disabled = 0
PHASE UV1
Enabled = 1 CURVE:
PHASE UV1
SETTING DELAY: FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
PHASE UV1 AND RUN VAG or VAB < PICKUP PHASE UV1 A PKP
BLOCK:
t PHASE UV1 A DPO
Off = 0 PHASE UV1 A OP
V
SETTING RUN VBG or VBC< PICKUP PHASE UV1 B PKP

}
t PHASE UV1 B DPO
PHASE UV1 SOURCE:
SETTING PHASE UV1 B OP
Source VT = Delta PHASE UV1 V
VAB MINIMUM VOLTAGE: RUN VCG or VCA < PICKUP PHASE UV1 C PKP
VBC VAG or VAB < Minimum t PHASE UV1 C DPO
VCA VBG or VBC < Minimum OR PHASE UV1 C OP
Source VT = Wye VCG or VCA < Minimum V
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
SETTING OR PHASE UV1 PKP

PHASE UV1 MODE:

Phase to Ground Phase to Phase FLEXLOGIC OPERAND

VAG VAB OR PHASE UV1 OP
VBG VBC
VCG VCA
827039A9.CDR

Figure 5–76: PHASE UV1 SCHEME LOGIC

5-126 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

b) PHASE OV1 (PHASE OVERVOLTAGE: ANSI 59P)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" VOLTAGE ELEMENTS !" PHASE OVERVOLTAGE1

# PHASE PHASE OV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# OVERVOLTAGE1 FUNCTION: Disabled
PHASE OV1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
PHASE OV1 Range: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 1.000 pu
PHASE OV1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 1.00 s
PHASE OV1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 1.00 s
PHASE OV1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ Operand
MESSAGE
Off
PHASE OV1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
PHASE OV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The phase overvoltage element may be used as an instantaneous element with no intentional time delay or as a Definite
Time element. The input voltage is the phase-to-phase voltage, either measured directly from Delta-connected VTs or as
calculated from phase-to-ground (Wye) connected VTs. The specific voltages to be used for each phase are shown on the 5
logic diagram. The pickup setting is calculated as follows:
Pickup (sec. volts)
For Delta VTs, Pickup (pu) = ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Phase VT Secondary setting
(EQ 5.14)
Pickup (sec. volts)
For Wye VTs, Pickup (pu) = -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 × Phase VT Secondary setting

SETTING SETTING SETTINGS FLEXLOGIC

PHASE OV1 PHASE OV1 PHASE OV1 PICKUP OPERANDS
FUNCTION: PICKUP: DELAY: PHASE OV1 A PKP
Disabled = 0 AND RUN PHASE OV1 RESET
Enabled = 1 DELAY: PHASE OV1 A DPO
V ≥ PICKUP tPKP
SETTING tRST PHASE OV1 B PKP
AND RUN
PHASE OV1 PHASE OV1 B DPO
SOURCE: tPKP
V ≥ PICKUP
Sequence=ABC Sequence=ACB tRST PHASE OV1 C PKP
AND RUN
VAB VAC
tPKP PHASE OV1 C DPO
VBC VCB
V ≥ PICKUP tRST
VCA VBA PHASE OV1 A OP

PHASE OV1 B OP
SETTING
PHASE OV1 C OP
PHASE OV1
BLOCK:
OR PHASE OV1 PKP
Off = 0

OR PHASE OV1 OP

827066A2.VSD

Figure 5–77: PHASE OV1 SCHEME LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-127

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.5.16 NEUTRAL VOLTAGE

a) NEUTRAL OV1 (NEUTRAL OVERVOLTAGE: ANSI 59N)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" VOLTAGE ELEMENTS !" NEUTRAL OV1

# NEUTRAL OV1 NEUTRAL OV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
NEUTRAL OV1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
NEUTRAL OV1 PICKUP: Range: 0.000 to 1.250 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
0.300 pu
NEUTRAL OV1 PICKUP: Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 1.00 s
NEUTRAL OV1 RESET: Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 1.00 s
NEUTRAL OV1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
NEUTRAL OV1 TARGET: Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
Self-reset
NEUTRAL OV1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
Disabled

5 The Neutral Overvoltage element can be used to detect asymmetrical system voltage condition due to a ground fault or to
the loss of one or two phases of the source.
The element responds to the system neutral voltage (3V_0), calculated from the phase voltages. The nominal secondary
voltage of the phase voltage channels entered under SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP ! AC INPUTS !" VOLTAGE BANK !
PHASE VT SECONDARY is the p.u. base used when setting the pickup level.

VT errors and normal voltage unbalance must be considered when setting this element. This function requires the VTs to
be Wye connected.

SETTING
NEUTRAL OV1
FUNCTION:
Disabled=0
SETTING
Enabled=1
NEUTRAL OV1 PICKUP: SETTING
SETTING
AND RUN NEUTRAL OV1 PICKUP
DELAY :
NEUTRAL OV1 BLOCK:
NEUTRAL OV1 RESET
Off=0 DELAY :
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
3V_0 < Pickup tPKP
SETTING tRST NEUTRAL OV1 OP
NEUTRAL OV1 DPO
NEUTRAL OV1 SIGNAL
SOURCE: NEUTRAL OV1 PKP
ZERO SEQ VOLT (V_0)
827848A1.CDR

Figure 5–78: NEUTRAL OVERVOLTAGE SCHEME LOGIC

5-128 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

5.5.17 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE VOLTAGE

a) NEG SEQ OV (NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERVOLTAGE: ANSI 59_2)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" VOLTAGE ELEMENTS !" NEG SEQ OV

# NEG SEQ OV NEG SEQ OV Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
NEG SEQ OV SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
NEG SEQ OV Range: 0.000 to 1.250 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PICKUP: 0.300 pu
NEG SEQ OV PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.50 s
NEG SEQ OV RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.50 s
NEG SEQ OV BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
NEG SEQ OV Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
NEG SEQ OV Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The negative sequence overvoltage element may be used to detect loss of one or two phases of the source, a reversed 5
phase sequence of voltage, or a non-symmetrical system voltage condition.

SETTING
NEG SEQ OV
FUNCTION:
Disabled = 0
SETTING
Enabled = 1
NEG SEQ OV PICKUP: SETTINGS
SETTING NEG SEQ OV PICKUP
AND RUN DELAY:
NEG SEQ OV BLOCK: FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
NEG SEQ OV RESET
NEG SEQ OV PKP
DELAY:
Off = 0 NEG SEQ OV DPO
t PKP
t RST NEG SEQ OV OP
SETTING
V_2 or 3 * V_2 >
= PKP
NEG SEQ OV SIGNAL
SOURCE:
Source VT=Wye Source VT=Delta
V_2 3 * V_2 827839A2.CDR

Figure 5–79: NEG SEQ OV SCHEME LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-129

 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.5.18 AUXILIARY VOLTAGE

a) AUXILIARY UV1 (AUXILIARY UNDERVOLTAGE: ANSI 27X)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" VOLTAGE ELEMENTS !" AUXILIARY UV1

# AUXILIARY UV1 AUX UV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
AUX UV1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
AUX UV1 PICKUP: Range: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
0.700 pu
AUX UV1 CURVE: Range: Definite Time, Inverse Time
MESSAGE
Definite Time
AUX UV1 DELAY: Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
1.00 s
AUX UV1 MINIMUM: Range: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
VOLTAGE: 0.100 pu
AUX UV1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
AUX UV1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset

5 MESSAGE
AUX UV1
EVENTS: Disabled
Range: Disabled, Enabled

This element is intended for monitoring undervoltage conditions of the auxiliary voltage. The PICKUP selects the voltage
level at which the time undervoltage element starts timing. The nominal secondary voltage of the auxiliary voltage channel
entered under SETTINGS " SYSTEM SETUP ! AC INPUTS "! VOLTAGE BANK X5 / AUXILIARY VT X5 SECONDARY is the p.u. base
used when setting the pickup level.
The DELAY setting selects the minimum operating time of the auxiliary undervoltage element. Both PICKUP and DELAY set-
tings establish the operating curve of the undervoltage element. The auxiliary undervoltage element can be programmed to
use either Definite Time Delay or Inverse Time Delay characteristics. The operating characteristics and equations for both
Definite and Inverse Time Delay are as for the Phase Undervoltage Element.
The element resets instantaneously. The minimum voltage setting selects the operating voltage below which the element is
blocked.

SETTING
AUX UV1
FUNCTION: SETTING
Disabled=0
AUX UV1 PICKUP:
Enabled=1

AUX UV1 CURVE:

SETTING

AUX UV1 BLOCK: AUX UV1 DELAY:

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
Off=0 AND RUN Vx < Pickup AUX UV1 PKP
AUX UV1 DPO
SETTING
SETTING t AUX UV1 OP
AUX UV1 MINIMUM
AUX UV1 SIGNAL VOLTAGE:
SOURCE:
AUX VOLT Vx Vx < Minimum
V

827849A2.CDR

Figure 5–80: AUXILIARY UNDERVOLTAGE SCHEME LOGIC

5-130 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

b) AUXILIARY OV1 (AUXILIARY OVERVOLTAGE: ANSI 59X)

PATH: SETTINGS !" GROUPED ELEMENTS ! SETTING GROUP 1(6) !" VOLTAGE ELEMENTS !" AUXILIARY OV1

# AUXILIARY OV1 AUX OV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
AUX OV1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
AUX OV1 PICKUP: Range: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
0.300 pu
AUX OV1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 1.00 s
AUX OV1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DELAY: 1.00 s
AUX OV1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
AUX OV1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
AUX OV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

This element is intended for monitoring overvoltage conditions of the auxiliary voltage. A typical application for this element
is monitoring the zero-sequence voltage (3V_0) supplied from an open-corner-delta VT connection. The nominal second-
ary voltage of the auxiliary voltage channel entered under SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP ! AC INPUTS "! VOLTAGE BANK X5 5
"! AUXILIARY VT X5 SECONDARY is the p.u. base used when setting the pickup level.

SETTING
AUX OV1
FUNCTION:
Disabled=0
SETTING
Enabled=1
AUX OV1 PICKUP: SETTING
SETTING
AND RUN AUX OV1 PICKUP
DELAY :
AUX OV1 BLOCK:
AUX OV1 RESET
Off=0 DELAY :
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
Vx < Pickup tPKP
SETTING tRST AUX OV1 OP
AUX OV1 DPO
AUX OV1 SIGNAL
SOURCE: AUX OV1 PKP
AUXILIARY VOLT (Vx)
827836A2.CDR

Figure 5–81: AUXILIARY OVERVOLTAGE SCHEME LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-131

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.6CONTROL ELEMENTS 5.6.1 OVERVIEW

CONTROL elements are generally used for control rather than protection. See the INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTS sec-
tion at the front of this chapter for further information.

5.6.2 SETTING GROUPS

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS ! SETTINGS GROUPS

# SETTING GROUPS SETTING GROUPS Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
SETTING GROUPS BLK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
GROUP 2 ACTIVATE ON: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
↓
GROUP 6 ACTIVATE ON: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
SETTING GROUP Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The Setting Groups menu controls the activation/deactivation of up to six possible groups of settings in the GROUPED ELE-

5 MENTS settings menu. The faceplate ’Settings in Use’ LEDs indicate which active group (with a non-flashing energized
LED) is in service.
The SETTING GROUPS BLK setting prevents the active setting group from changing when the FlexLogic™ parameter is set to
"On". This can be useful in applications where it is undesirable to change the settings under certain conditions, such as the
breaker being open.
Each GROUP n ACTIVATE ON setting selects a FlexLogic™ operand which, when set, will make the particular setting group
active for use by any grouped element. A priority scheme ensures that only one group is active at a given time – the high-
est-numbered group which is activated by its GROUP n ACTIVATE ON parameter takes priority over the lower-numbered
groups. There is no "activate on" setting for Group 1 (the default active group), because Group 1 automatically becomes
active if no other group is active.
The relay can be set up via a FlexLogic™ equation to receive requests to activate or de-activate a particular non-default
settings group. The following FlexLogic™ equation (see the figure below) illustrates requests via remote communications
(e.g. VIRTUAL INPUT 1) or from a local contact input (e.g. H7a) to initiate the use of a particular settings group, and
requests from several overcurrent pickup measuring elements to inhibit the use of the particular settings group. The
assigned VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 operand is used to control the ON state of a particular settings group.

Figure 5–82: EXAMPLE FLEXLOGIC™ CONTROL OF A SETTINGS GROUP

5-132 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

5.6.3 TRIP OUTPUT

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" TRIP OUTPUT)

# TRIP OUTPUT TRIP MODE: Range: Disabled, 3 Pole Only, 3 Pole & 1 Pole
# Disabled
TRIP 3-POLE INPUT-1: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
TRIP 3-POLE INPUT-2: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
↓
TRIP 3-POLE INPUT-6: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-1: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-2: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
↓
TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-6: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off

MESSAGE
TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-1:
Off
Range: FlexLogic™ operand
5
TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-2: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
↓
TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-6: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
TRIP FORCE 3-POLE: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
TRIP PILOT PRIORITY: Range: 0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
0.000 s
BKR ΦA OPEN: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BKR ΦB OPEN: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BKR ΦC OPEN: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
TRIP EVENTS: Range: Enabled, Disabled
MESSAGE
Disabled

This element is primarily used to collect trip requests from protection elements and other inputs to generate output oper-
ands to initiate trip operations. Three pole trips will only initiate reclosure if programmed to do so, whereas single pole trips
will always automatically initiate reclosure. The TRIP 3-POLE and TRIP 1-POLE output operands can also be used as
inputs to a FlexLogic™ OR gate to operate the faceplate TRIP indicator LED.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-133

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

a) THREE POLE OPERATION

In applications where single pole tripping is not required this element provides a convenient method of collecting inputs to
initiate tripping of circuit breakers, the reclose element and breaker failure elements.

b) SINGLE POLE OPERATION

This element must be used in single pole operation applications.

NOTE

In these applications this element is used to:

• determine if a single pole operation should be performed
• collect inputs to initiate three pole tripping, the recloser and breaker failure elements
• collect inputs to initiate single pole tripping, the recloser and breaker failure elements
• assign a higher priority to pilot aided scheme outputs than to exclusively local inputs.
This element works in association with other elements in the relay (see the THEORY OF OPERATION chapter for a com-
plete description of single pole operations) that must be fully programmed and in service for successful operation. The
other necessary elements are: Recloser, Breaker Control, Open Pole Detector, and Phase Selector. The recloser must also
be in the "Reset" state before a single pole trip can be issued. Outputs from this element are also directly connected as ini-
tiate signals to the breaker failure elements.
At least one internal protection element or digital input representing detection of a fault must be available as an input to this
element. In pilot-aided scheme applications (DUTT, PUTT, POTT, Hybrid POTT, and Directional Blocking) a timer can be
used to delay the output decision until data from a remote terminal is received from communications facilities, to prevent a

5 three pole operation where a single pole operation is permitted.

c) SETTINGS
• TRIP MODE: This setting is used to select the required mode of operation. If selected to "3 Pole Only" outputs for all
three phases are always set simultaneously. If selected to "3 Pole & 1 Pole" outputs for all three phases are set simul-
taneously unless the phase selector or a pilot aided scheme determines the fault is single-phase-to-ground. If the fault
is identified as being AG, BG or CG only the operands for the faulted phase will be asserted.
• TRIP 3-POLE INPUT-1(6): This setting is used to select an operand representing a fault condition that is not desired to
initiate a single pole operation, e.g. phase undervoltage. Use a FlexLogic OR-gate if more than six inputs are required.
• TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-1(6): Selects an operand representing a fault condition that is desired to initiate a single pole
trip-and-reclose if the fault is single phase to ground, e.g. distance Zone 1. Use a FlexLogic™ OR-gate if more than six
inputs are required. The inputs do not have to be phase-specific as the phase selector determines the fault type.
Eight milliseconds after single-pole reclosing is initiated, the AR FORCE 3-P TRIP operand is asserted by the autore-
closer. This operand calls for three-pole trip if any protection element configured under TRIP 1-POLE INPUT is still picked-
up. The Open Pole Detector provides blocking inputs to distance elements, and therefore the latter will reset immedi-
ately after the TRIP 1-POLE operand is asserted. For other protection elements used in single-pole tripping, the user
must ensure they will reset immediately after tripping, otherwise the fact that they are still picked up will be detected as
an evolving fault and the relay will trip three-poles. For example, if high-set phase IOC is used (TRIP 1-POLE INPUT X:
"PHASE IOC1 OP"), then OPEN POLE OP ΦA shall be used for blocking phase A of the IOC element. In this way, after
tripping phase A, the phase A IOC is forced to reset. Phases B and C are still operational and can detect an evolving
fault as soon as 8 msec after tripping phase A. Neutral and negative-sequence IOCs shall be blocked from the OPEN
POLE BLK N operand unless the pickup setting is high enough to prevent pickup during single-pole reclosing.
• TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-1(6): Selects an operand representing a fault condition that is desired to initiate three pole
reclosing, e.g. Phase Distance Zone 1. Use a FlexLogic™ OR-gate if more than six inputs are required.
• TRIP FORCE 3-POLE: Selects an operand that will force an input that is selected for single pole operation to produce
a three pole operation, e.g. a Virtual Input that is asserted by an operator in some operating situations.
• TRIP COMM DELAY: This setting is used to set an interval equal to the inter-relay channel communications time, plus
an appropriate margin, during which outputs are not asserted. This delay permits fault identification information from a
remote terminal to be used instead of local data only.

5-134 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

SETTING

TRIP MODE:

Disabled
3 Pole Only
OR
3 Pole and 1 Pole

SETTING
3P FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
TRIP FORCE 3-POLE:
OR TRIP FORCE 3-POLE
Off
From Recloser AND
OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AR FORCE 3P TRIP
From Recloser
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND
AR ENABLED
From Line Pickup Element
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND
LINE PICKUP OP
From Pilot Aided Schemes
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
DUTT TRIP 3P
PUTT TRIP 3P
AND
POTT TRIP 3P OR
HYBRID POTT TRIP 3P
DIR BLOCK TRIP 3P

SETTINGS

TRIP 3-POLE INPUT-1:

Off
… …

OR
AND
OR
TRIP 3-POLE INPUT-6:

Off

SETTINGS AND

TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-1:

AND
Off
… …

SETTING
AND
OR TRIP PILOT
PRIORITY:
TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-6:

Off AND
0
From Phase Selector
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS

5
PHASE SELECT MULTI-P
OR
PHASE SELECT VOID
From Phase Selector
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND OR S
PHASE SELECT AG 0 L TRIP PHASE A
R
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND OR S
PHASE SELECT BG 0 L TRIP PHASE B
R
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND OR S
PHASE SELECT CG 0 L TRIP PHASE C
From Pilot Aided Schemes R
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
DUTT TRIP A
OR
{ ONLY 1 OF 3 CAN
BE ASSERTED
S
L
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
PUTT TRIP A TRIP 3-POLE
POTT TRIP A OR AND R
HYBRID POTT TRIP A
DIR BLOCK TRIP A FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND TRIP 1-POLE
XOR
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
DUTT TRIP B
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
PUTT TRIP B 0
AND TRIP AR INIT 3-POLE
POTT TRIP B OR 20 ms
HYBRID POTT TRIP B 837025A5.CDR
DIR BLOCK TRIP B

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
DUTT TRIP C
PUTT TRIP C
POTT TRIP C OR
HYBRID POTT TRIP C
DIR BLOCK TRIP C

SETTING

BKR FA OPEN:

Off
From Open Pole
OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OPEN POLE BKR FA OP

SETTING

BKR FB OPEN:

Off

OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OPEN POLE BKR FB OP

SETTING

BKR FC OPEN:

Off

OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OPEN POLE BKR FC OP

SETTINGS

TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-1:

Off
… …

OR
TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-6:

Off

Figure 5–83: TRIP OUTPUT SCHEME LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-135

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.6.4 SYNCHROCHECK

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" SYNCHROCHECK ! SYNCHROCHECK 1(2)

# SYNCHROCHECK 1 SYNCHK1 FUNCTION: Range: Disabled, Enabled

# Disabled
SYNCHK1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
SYNCHK1 V1 SOURCE: Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SRC 1
SYNCHK1 V2 SOURCE: Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SRC 2
SYNCHK1 MAX VOLT Range: 0 to 100000 V in steps of 1
MESSAGE
DIFF: 10000 V
SYNCHK1 MAX ANGLE Range: 0 to 100° in steps of 1
MESSAGE
DIFF: 30°
SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ Range: 0.00 to 2.00 Hz in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
DIFF: 1.00 Hz
SYNCHK1 DEAD SOURCE Range: None, LV1 and DV2, DV1 and LV2, DV1 or DV2,
MESSAGE DV1 Xor DV2, DV1 and DV2
SELECT: LV1 and DV2
SYNCHK1 DEAD V1 Range: 0.00 to 1.25 pu in steps of 0.01

5 MESSAGE
MAX VOLT: 0.30 pu
SYNCHK1 DEAD V2 Range: 0.00 to 1.25 pu in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
MAX VOLT: 0.30 pu
SYNCHK1 LIVE V1 Range: 0.00 to 1.25 pu in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
MIN VOLT: 0.70 pu
SYNCHK1 LIVE V2 Range: 0.00 to 1.25 pu in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
MIN VOLT: 0.70 pu
SYNCHK1 TARGET: Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
Self-reset
SYNCHK1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
Disabled

The are two identical synchrocheck elements available, numbered 1 and 2.

The synchronism check function is intended for supervising the paralleling of two parts of a system which are to be joined
by the closure of a circuit breaker. The synchrocheck elements are typically used at locations where the two parts of the
system are interconnected through at least one other point in the system.
Synchrocheck verifies that the voltages (V1 and V2) on the two sides of the supervised circuit breaker are within set limits
of magnitude, angle and frequency differences. The time that the two voltages remain within the admissible angle differ-
ence is determined by the setting of the phase angle difference ∆Φ and the frequency difference ∆F (slip frequency). It can
be defined as the time it would take the voltage phasor V1 or V2 to traverse an angle equal to 2 × ∆Φ at a frequency equal
to the frequency difference ∆F. This time can be calculated by:
1
T = -------------------------------- (EQ 5.15)
360°
------------------ × ∆F
2 × ∆Φ
where: ∆Φ = phase angle difference in degrees; ∆F = frequency difference in Hz. As an example; for the default values (∆Φ
= 30°, ∆F = 0.1 Hz), the time while the angle between the two voltages will be less than the set value is:

5-136 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

1 1
T = -------------------------------- = ------------------------------------------- = 1.66 sec. (EQ 5.16)
360° 360°
------------------ × ∆F ------------------- × 0.1 Hz
2 × ∆Φ 2 × 30°
If one or both sources are de-energized, the synchrocheck programming can allow for closing of the circuit breaker using
undervoltage control to by-pass the synchrocheck measurements (Dead Source function).
• SYNCHK1 V1 SOURCE: This setting selects the source for voltage V1 (see NOTES below).
• SYNCHK1 V2 SOURCE: This setting selects the source for voltage V2, which must not be the same as used for the
V1 (see NOTES below).
• SYNCHK1 MAX VOLT DIFF: This setting selects the maximum primary voltage difference in ‘kV’ between the two
sources. A primary voltage magnitude difference between the two input voltages below this value is within the permis-
sible limit for synchronism.
• SYNCHK1 MAX ANGLE DIFF: This setting selects the maximum angular difference in degrees between the two
sources. An angular difference between the two input voltage phasors below this value is within the permissible limit
for synchronism.
• SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ DIFF: This setting selects the maximum frequency difference in ‘Hz’ between the two sources.
A frequency difference between the two input voltage systems below this value is within the permissible limit for syn-
chronism.
• SYNCHK1 DEAD SOURCE SELECT: This setting selects the combination of dead and live sources that will by-pass
synchronism check function and permit the breaker to be closed when one or both of the two voltages (V1 or/and V2)
are below the maximum voltage threshold. A dead or live source is declared by monitoring the voltage level. Six
options are available:
None: Dead Source function is disabled
LV1 and DV2: Live V1 and Dead V2 5
DV1 and LV2: Dead V1 and Live V2
DV1 or DV2: Dead V1 or Dead V2
DV1 Xor DV2: Dead V1 exclusive-or Dead V2 (one source is Dead and the other is Live)
DV1 and DV2: Dead V1 and Dead V2
• SYNCHK1 DEAD V1 MAX VOLT: This setting establishes a maximum voltage magnitude for V1 in ‘pu’. Below this
magnitude, the V1 voltage input used for synchrocheck will be considered "Dead" or de-energized.
• SYNCHK1 DEAD V2 MAX VOLT: This setting establishes a maximum voltage magnitude for V2 in ‘pu’. Below this
magnitude, the V2 voltage input used for synchrocheck will be considered "Dead" or de-energized.
• SYNCHK1 LIVE V1 MIN VOLT: This setting establishes a minimum voltage magnitude for V1 in ‘pu’. Above this mag-
nitude, the V1 voltage input used for synchrocheck will be considered "Live" or energized.
• SYNCHK1 LIVE V2 MIN VOLT: This setting establishes a minimum voltage magnitude for V2 in ‘pu’. Above this mag-
nitude, the V2 voltage input used for synchrocheck will be considered "Live" or energized.
NOTES:
1. The selected Sources for synchrocheck inputs V1 and V2 (which must not be the same Source) may include both a
three-phase and an auxiliary voltage. The relay will automatically select the specific voltages to be used by the synch-
rocheck element in accordance with the following table.
NO. V1 OR V2 V2 OR V1 AUTO-SELECTED AUTO-SELECTED VOLTAGE
(SOURCE Y) (SOURCE Z) COMBINATION
SOURCE Y SOURCE Z
1 Phase VTs and Phase VTs and Phase Phase VAB
Auxiliary VT Auxiliary VT
2 Phase VTs and Phase VT Phase Phase VAB
Auxiliary VT
3 Phase VT Phase VT Phase Phase VAB
4 Phase VT and Auxiliary VT Phase Auxiliary V auxiliary
Auxiliary VT (as set for Source z)
5 Auxiliary VT Auxiliary VT Auxiliary Auxiliary V auxiliary
(as set for selected sources)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-137

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

The voltages V1 and V2 will be matched automatically so that the corresponding voltages from the two Sources will be
used to measure conditions. A phase to phase voltage will be used if available in both sources; if one or both of the
Sources have only an auxiliary voltage, this voltage will be used. For example, if an auxiliary voltage is programmed to
VAG, the synchrocheck element will automatically select VAG from the other Source. If the comparison is required on
a specific voltage, the user can externally connect that specific voltage to auxiliary voltage terminals and then use this
"Auxiliary Voltage" to check the synchronism conditions.
If using a single CT/VT module with both phase voltages and an auxiliary voltage, ensure that only the auxiliary voltage
is programmed in one of the Sources to be used for synchrocheck.
Exception: Synchronism cannot be checked between Delta connected phase VTs and a Wye connected auxil-
iary voltage.
2. The relay measures frequency and Volts/Hz from an input on a given Source with priorities as established by the con-
figuration of input channels to the Source. The relay will use the phase channel of a three-phase set of voltages if pro-
grammed as part of that Source. The relay will use the auxiliary voltage channel only if that channel is programmed as
part of the Source and a three-phase set is not.

5-138 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 SETTING

SYNCHK1 FUNCTION:

Enable=1
Disable=0

GE Multilin
SETTING AND
5 SETTINGS

SYNCHK1 BLOCK: SETTING FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS

SYNCHK1 DEAD SOURCE SYNC1 DEAD S OP
Off=0
SELECT: SYNC1 DEAD S DPO
None
AND
LV1 and DV2
AND

DV1 and LV2

AND

DV1 or DV2
AND OR

DV1 Xor DV2

AND

DV1 and DV2

AND

SETTING
SYNCHK1 DEAD V1
MAX VOLT:
V1 Max
XOR

SETTING
SYNCHK1 DEAD V2 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
MAX VOLT:
OR OR SYNC1 CLS OP
V2 Max SYNC1 CLS DPO

SETTING
SYNCHK1 LIVE V1
MIN VOLT:
AND

D60 Line Distance Relay

V1 Min

SETTING
SYNCHK1 LIVE V2
MIN VOLT:
AND
V2 Min

Figure 5–84: SYNCHROCHECK SCHEME LOGIC

SETTING
SYNCHK1 MAX VOLT
SETTING CALCULATE
DIFF:
SYNCHK1 V1 SIGNAL Magnitude V1 Calculate
V Max
SOURCE: Angle 1 I V1-V2 I= V
SRC 1 Frequency F1 ACTUAL VALUE SETTING AND

SYNC1: V SYNCHK1 MAX ANGLE

DIFF:
Calculate
Max
I 1- 2 I=
IN SYNCH 1
ACTUAL VALUE SETTING FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
SETTING CALCULATE
SYNC1: SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ SYNC1 SYNC OP
SYNCHK1 V2 SIGNAL Magnitude V2
DIFF: SYNC1 SYNC DPO
SOURCE: Angle 2 Calculate
F Max
SRC 2 Frequency F2 I F1-F2 I= F
ACTUAL VALUE 827076A7.CDR
5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

SYNC1: F

5-139
5
 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.6.5 AUTORECLOSE

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" AUTORECLOSE ! AUTORECLOSE

# AUTORECLOSE AR FUNCTION: Range: Disabled, Enabled

# Disabled
AR MODE: Range: 1 & 3 Pole, 1 Pole, 3 Pole-A, 3 Pole-B
MESSAGE
1 & 3 Pole
AR MAX NUMBER OF Range: 1, 2
MESSAGE
SHOTS: 2
AR BLOCK BKR1: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
AR CLOSE TIME BKR 1: Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
0.10 s
AR BKR MAN CLOSE: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
AR BLK TIME UPON MAN Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
CLS: 10.00 s
AR 1P INIT: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
AR 3P INIT: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

5 MESSAGE
Off
AR 3P TD INIT: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
AR MULTI-P FAULT: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BKR ONE POLE OPEN: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BKR 3 POLE OPEN: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1: Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
0.50 s
AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2: Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
1.20 s
AR EXTEND DEAD T 1: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
AR DEAD TIME 1 Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
EXTENSION: 0.50 s
AR RESET: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
AR RESET TIME: Range: 0 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
60.00 s
AR BKR CLOSED: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
AR BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off

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 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

AR PAUSE: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

MESSAGE
Off
AR INCOMPLETE SEQ Range: 0 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
TIME: 5.00 s
AR BLOCK BKR2: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
AR CLOSE TIME BKR2: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
AR TRANSFER 1 TO 2: Range: Yes, No
MESSAGE
No
AR TRANSFER 2 TO 1: Range: Yes, No
MESSAGE
No
AR BKR1 FAIL OPTION: Range: Continue, Lockout
MESSAGE
Continue
AR BKR2 FAIL OPTION: Range: Continue, Lockout
MESSAGE
Continue
AR 1-P DEAD TIME: Range: 0 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
1.00 s
AR BKR SEQUENCE: Range: 1, 2, 1&2, 1–2, 2–1
MESSAGE
1-2
AR TRANSFER TIME: Range: 0 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01 5
MESSAGE
4.00 s
AR EVENT: Range: Enabled, Disabled
MESSAGE
Disabled

a) DESCRIPTION
The autoreclose scheme is intended for use on transmission lines with circuit breakers operated in both the single pole and
three pole modes, in one or two breaker arrangements. The autoreclose scheme provides four programs with different
operating cycles, depending on the fault type. Each of the four programs can be set to trigger up to two reclosing attempts.
The second attempt always performs three pole reclosing and has an independent dead time delay.
When used in two breaker applications, the reclosing sequence is selectable. The reclose signal can be sent to one
selected breaker only, to both breakers simultaneously or to both breakers in sequence (one breaker first and then, after a
delay to check that the reclose was successful, to the second breaker). When reclosing in sequence, the first breaker
should trip and reclose single pole or three pole, according to the fault type and reclose mode; the second breaker should
always trip and reclose 3-Pole. When reclosing simultaneously, for the first shot both breakers should trip and reclose either
single pole or three pole, according to the fault type and the reclose mode.
The signal used to initiate the autoreclose scheme is the trip output from protection. This signal can be single pole tripping
for single phase faults and three phase tripping for multiphase faults.
OPERATION:
The autoreclose scheme has five operating states, defined below.
Table 5–19: AUTORECLOSE OPERATION
STATE CHARACTERISTICS
Enabled Scheme is permitted to operate
Disabled Scheme is not permitted to operate
Reset Scheme is permitted to operate and shot count is reset to 0
Reclose In Progress Scheme has been initiated but the reclose cycle is not finished (successful or not)
Lockout Scheme is not permitted to operate until reset received

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-141

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

AR PROGRAMS:
The autorecloser provides four programs that can cause one or two reclose attempts (shots). The second reclose will
always be three pole. If the maximum number of shots selected is "1" (only one reclose attempt) and the fault is persistent,
after the first reclose the scheme will go to Lockout upon another Initiate signal.
For the 3-pole reclose programs (modes 3 and 4), an "AR FORCE 3-P" FlexLogic™ operand is set. This operand can be
used in connection with the tripping logic to cause a three-pole trip for single-phase faults.
Table 5–20: AR PROGRAMS
MODE AR MODE FIRST SHOT SECOND SHOT
NO.
SINGLE-PHASE MULTI-PHASE SINGLE-PHASE MULTI-PHASE
FAULT FAULT FAULT FAULT
1 1 & 3 POLE 1 POLE 3 POLE 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO
2 1 POLE 1 POLE LO 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO
3 3 POLE-A 3 POLE LO 3 POLE or LO LO
4 3 POLE-B 3 POLE 3 POLE 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO
Note: LO = Lockout

• Mode 1, 1 & 3 Pole: When in this mode the autorecloser starts the AR 1-P DEAD TIME timer for the first shot if the autore-
close is single-phase initiated, the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1 timer if the autoreclose is three-phase initiated, and the AR 3-P
DEAD TIME 2 timer if the autoreclose is three-phase time delay initiated. If two shots are enabled, the second shot is
always three-phase and the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2 timer is started.
• Mode 2, 1 Pole: When in this mode the autorecloser starts the AR 1-P DEAD TIME for the first shot if the fault is single
phase. If the fault is three-phase the scheme goes to lockout without reclosing. If two shots are enabled, the second
shot is always three-phase and starts AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2.
5 • Mode 3, 3 Pole-A: When in this mode the autorecloser is initiated only for single phase faults, although the trip is three
pole. The autorecloser uses the "AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1" for the first shot if the fault is single phase. If the fault is multi
phase the scheme will go to Lockout without reclosing. If two shots are enabled, the second shot is always three-phase
and starts "AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2".
• Mode 4, 3 Pole-B: When in this mode the autorecloser is initiated for any type of fault and starts the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1
for the first shot. If the initiating signal is AR 3P TD INIT the scheme starts AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2 for the first shot. If two
shots are enabled, the second shot is always three-phase and starts AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2.
BASIC RECLOSING OPERATION:
Reclosing operation is determined primarily by the AR MODE and AR BKR SEQUENCE settings. The reclosing sequences are
started by the initiate inputs. A reclose initiate signal will send the scheme into the Reclose In Progress (RIP) state, assert-
ing the "AR RIP" operand. The scheme is latched into the RIP state and resets only when an "AR CLS BKR 1" (autoreclose
breaker 1) or "AR CLS BKR 2" (autoreclose breaker 2) operand is generated or the scheme goes to the Lockout state.
The dead time for the initial reclose operation will be determined by either the AR 1-P DEAD TIME, AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1, or AR
3-P DEAD TIME 2 setting, depending on the fault type and the mode selected. After the dead time interval the scheme will
assert the "AR CLOSE BKR 1" or "AR CLOSE BKR 2" operands, as determined by the sequence selected. These oper-
ands are latched until the breaker closes or the scheme goes to Reset or Lockout.
There are three initiate programs: single pole initiate, three pole initiate and three pole, time delay initiate. Any of these
reclose initiate signals will start the reclose cycle and set the "Reclose in progress" (AR RIP) operand. The reclose in
progress operand is sealed-in until the Lockout or Reset signal appears.
The three-pole initiate and three-pole time delay initiate signals are latched until the "Close Bkr1 or Bkr2" or Lockout or
Reset signal appears.
AR PAUSE:
The pause input offers the possibility of freezing the autoreclose cycle until the pause signal disappears. This may be done
when a trip occurs and simultaneously or previously, some conditions are detected such as out-of step or loss of guard fre-
quency, or a remote transfer trip signal is received. The pause signal blocks all three dead timers. When the "pause" signal
disappears the autoreclose cycle is resumed by initiating the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2.
This feature can be also used when a transformer is tapped from the protected line and a reclose is not desirable until the
transformer is removed from the line. In this case, the reclose scheme is "paused" until the transformer is disconnected.

5-142 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

The AR PAUSE input will force a three-pole trip through the 3-P DEADTIME 2 path.
EVOLVING FAULTS:
8 ms after the single pole dead time has been initiated, the "AR FORCE 3P TRIP" operand is set and it will be reset only
when the scheme is reset or goes to Lockout. This will ensure that when a fault on one phase evolves to include another
phase during the single pole dead time of the auto-recloser the scheme will force a 3 pole trip and reclose.
RECLOSING SCHEME OPERATION FOR ONE BREAKER:
• Permanent Fault: Consider mode No.1 which calls for 1-Pole or 3-Pole time delay No. 1 for the first reclosure and 3-
Pole time delay No. 2 for the second reclosure, and assume a permanent fault on the line. Also assume the scheme is
in the Reset state. For the first single-phase fault the AR 1-P DEAD TIME timer will be started, while for the first multi-
phase fault the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1 timer will be started. If the AR 3P TD INIT signal is high, the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2 will be
started for the first shot.
If AR MAX NO OF SHOTS is set to "1", upon the first reclose the shot counter is set to 1. Upon reclosing, the fault is again
detected by protection and reclose is initiated. The breaker is tripped three-pole through the "AR SHOT COUNT >0"
that will set the "AR FORCE 3P" operand. Because the shot counter has reached the maximum number of shots per-
mitted the scheme is sent to the Lockout state.
If AR MAX NO OF SHOTS is set to "2", upon the first reclose the shot counter is set to 1. Upon reclosing, the fault is again
detected by protection and reclose is initiated. The breaker is tripped three-pole through the "AR SHOT COUNT >0"
that will set the "AR FORCE 3P" operand. After the second reclose the shot counter is set to 2. Upon reclosing, the
fault is again detected by protection, the breaker is tripped three-pole, and reclose is initiated again. Because the shot
counter has reached the maximum number of shots permitted the scheme is sent to the lockout state.
• Transient Fault: When a reclose output signal is sent to close the breaker the reset timer is started. If the reclosure
sequence is successful (there is no initiating signal and the breaker is closed) the reset timer will time out returning the
scheme to the reset state with the shot counter set to "0" making it ready for a new reclose cycle.
RECLOSING SCHEME OPERATION FOR TWO BREAKERS:
5
• Permanent Fault: The general method of operation is the same as that outlined for the one breaker applications
except for the following description, which assumes AR BKR SEQUENCE is set to "1-2" (reclose breaker 1 before breaker
2.) The signal output from the dead time timers passes through the breaker selection logic to initiate reclosing of
Breaker 1. The close breaker 1 signal will initiate the Transfer Timer. After the reclose of the first breaker the fault is
again detected by the protection, the breaker is tripped three pole and the autoreclose scheme is initiated. The Initiate
signal will stop the transfer timer. After the 3-P dead time times out the close breaker 1 signal will close first breaker
again and will start the transfer timer. Since the fault is permanent the protection will trip again initiating the autoreclose
scheme that will be sent to Lockout by the "Shot Count = Max" signal.
• Transient Fault: When the first reclose output signal is sent to close Breaker 1, the reset timer is started. The close
Breaker 1 signal initiates the transfer timer that times out and sends the close signal to the second breaker. If the reclo-
sure sequence is successful (both breakers closed and there is no initiating signal) the reset timer will time out, return-
ing the scheme to the reset state with the shot counter set to 0. The scheme will be ready for a new reclose cycle.
AR BKR1(2) RECLS FAIL:
If the selected sequence is "1–2" or "2–1" and after the first or second reclose attempt the breaker fails to close, there are
two options. If the AR BKR 1(2) FAIL OPTION is set to "Lockout", the scheme will go to lockout state. If the AR BKR 1(2) FAIL
OPTION is set to "Continue", the reclose process will continue with Breaker No. 2. At the same time the shot counter will be
decreased (since the closing process was not completed).
SCHEME RESET AFTER RECLOSURE:
When a reclose output signal is sent to close either breaker 1 or 2 the reset timer is started. If the reclosure sequence is
successful (there is no initiating signal and the breakers are closed) the reset timer will time out, returning the scheme to
the reset state, with the shot counter set to 0, making it ready for a new reclose cycle.
In two breaker schemes, if one breaker is in the OUT OF SERVICE state and the other is closed at the end of the reset
time, the scheme will also reset. If at the end of the reset time at least one breaker, which is not in the OUT OF SERVICE
state, is open the scheme will be sent to Lockout.
The reset timer is stopped if the reclosure sequence is not successful: an initiating signal present or the scheme is in Lock-
out state. The reset timer is also stopped if the breaker is manually closed or the scheme is otherwise reset from lockout.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-143

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

LOCKOUT:
When a reclose sequence is started by an initiate signal the scheme moves into the Reclose In Progress state and starts
the Incomplete Sequence Timer. The setting of this timer determines the maximum time interval allowed for a single reclose
shot. If a close breaker 1 or 2 signal is not present before this time expires, the scheme goes to "Lockout".
There are four other conditions that can take the scheme to the Lockout state, as shown below:
• Receipt of "Block" input while in the Reclose in Progress state
• The reclosing program logic: when a 3P Initiate is present and the autoreclose mode is either 1 Pole or 3Pole-A (3 pole
autoreclose for single pole faults only)
• Initiation of the scheme when the count is at the maximum allowed
• If at the end of the reset time at least one breaker, which is not in the OUT OF SERVICE state, is open the scheme will
be sent to Lockout. The scheme will be also sent to Lockout if one breaker fails to reclose and the setting AR BKR FAIL
OPTION is set to "Lockout".

Once the Lockout state is set it will be latched in until the scheme is intentionally reset from Lockout or a breaker is manu-
ally closed.
BREAKER OPEN BEFORE FAULT:
A logic circuit is provided that inhibits the close breaker 1(2) output if a reclose initiate (RIP) indicator is not present within
30 ms of the "Breaker any phase open" input. This feature is intended to prevent reclosing if one of the breakers was open
in advance of a reclose initiate input to the recloser. This logic circuit resets when the breaker is closed.
TRANSFER RECLOSE WHEN BREAKER IS BLOCKED:
1. When the reclosing sequence 1-2 is selected and breaker No. 1 is blocked (AR BKR1 BLK operand is set) the reclose
signal can be transferred direct to the breaker No. 2 if AR TRANSFER 1 TO 2 is set to "Yes". If set to "No", the scheme will
5 be sent to LOCKOUT by the incomplete sequence timer.
2. When the reclosing sequence 2-1 is selected and breaker No. 2 is blocked (AR BKR2 BLK operand is set) the reclose
signal can be transferred direct to the breaker No.1 if AR TRANSFER 2 TO 1 is set to "YES". If set to "NO" the scheme will
be sent to LOCKOUT by the incomplete sequence timer.
FORCE 3-POLE TRIPPING:
The reclosing scheme contains logic that is used to signal trip logic that three-pole tripping is required for certain conditions.
This signal is activated by any of the following:
• Autoreclose scheme is Disabled.
• Autoreclose scheme is in the Lockout state.
• Autoreclose mode is programmed for three-pole operation
• The shot counter is not at 0, i.e. the scheme is not in the Reset state. This ensures a second trip will be three-pole
when reclosing onto a permanent single phase fault.
• 8 ms after the single-pole reclose is initiated by the AR 1P INIT signal.
ZONE 1 EXTENT:
The Zone 1 extension philosophy here is to apply an overreaching zone permanently as long as the relay is ready to
reclose, and reduce the reach when reclosing. Another Zone 1 extension approach is to operate normally from an under-
reaching zone, and use an overreaching distance zone when reclosing the line with the other line end open. This philoso-
phy could be programmed via the Line Pickup scheme.
"Extended Zone 1" is 0 when the AR is in LO or Disabled and 1 when the AR is in Reset.
1. When "Extended Zone 1" is 0, the distance functions shall be set to normal underreach Zone 1 setting.
2. When "Extended Zone 1" is 1, the distance functions may be set to Extended Zone 1 Reach, which is an overreaching
setting.
3. During a reclose cycle, "Extended Zone 1" goes to 0 as soon as the first CLOSE BREAKER signal is issued (AR SHOT
COUNT > 0) and remains 0 until the recloser goes back to Reset.

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 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

b) USE OF SETTINGS
AR MODE: This setting selects the AR operating mode, which functions in conjunction with signals received at the initiation
inputs as described previously.
AR MAX NUMBER OF SHOTS: This setting specifies the number of reclosures that can be attempted before reclosure
goes to Lockout when the fault is permanent.
AR BLOCK BKR1: This input selects an operand that will block the reclose command for breaker No.1. This condition can
be for example: breaker low air pressure, reclose in progress on another line (for the central breaker in a breaker and a half
arrangement), or a sum of conditions combined in FlexLogic™.
AR CLOSE TIME BKR1:This setting represents the closing time for the breaker No. 1 from the moment the "Close" com-
mand is sent to the moment the contacts are closed.
AR BKR MAN CLOSE: This setting selects a FlexLogic™ operand that represents manual close command to a breaker
associated with the autoreclose scheme
AR BLK TIME UPON MAN CLS: The autoreclose scheme can be disabled for a programmable time delay after an associ-
ated circuit breaker is manually commanded to close, preventing reclosing onto an existing fault such as grounds on the
line. This delay must be longer than the slowest expected trip from any protection not blocked after manual closing. If the
autoreclose scheme is not initiated after a manual close and this time expires the autoreclose scheme is set to the Reset
state.
AR 1P INIT: This setting selects a FlexLogic™ operand that is intended to initiate single Pole autoreclosure.
AR 3P INIT: This setting selects a FlexLogic™ operand that is intended to initiate three Pole autoreclosure, first timer (AR
3P DEAD TIME 1) that can be used for a high-speed autoreclosure.
AR 3P TD INIT: This setting selects a FlexLogic™ operand that is intended to initiate three Pole autoreclosure, second
timer (AR 3P DEAD TIME 2) that can be used for a time-delay autoreclosure.
AR MULTI-P FAULT: This setting selects a FlexLogic™ operand that indicates a multi-phase fault. The operand value
5
should be zero for single-phase to ground faults.
BKR ONE POLE OPEN: This setting selects a FlexLogic™ operand which indicates that the breaker(s) has opened cor-
rectly following a single phase to ground fault and the autoreclose scheme can start timing the single pole dead time (for 1-
2 reclose sequence for example, breaker No. 1 should trip single pole and breaker No. 2 should trip 3 pole).
The scheme has a pre-wired input that indicates breaker(s) status.
BKR 3 POLE OPEN: This setting selects a FlexLogic™ operand which indicates that the breaker(s) has opened three pole
and the autoreclose scheme can start timing the three pole dead time.
The scheme has a pre-wired input that indicates breaker(s) status.
AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1: This is the dead time following the first three pole trip. This intentional delay can be used for a high-
speed three-pole autoreclose. However, it should be set longer than the estimated de-ionizing time following the three-pole
trip.
AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2: This is the dead time following the second three-pole trip or initiated by the AR 3P TD INIT input.
This intentional delay is typically used for a time delayed three-pole autoreclose (as opposed to high speed three-pole
autoreclose).
AR EXTEND DEAD T 1: This setting selects an operand that will adapt the duration of the dead time for the first shot to the
possibility of non-simultaneous tripping at the two line ends. Typically this is the operand set when the communication
channel is out of service
AR DEAD TIME 1 EXTENSION: This timer is used to set the length of the dead time 1 extension for possible non-simulta-
neous tripping of the two ends of the line.
AR RESET: This setting selects the operand that forces the autoreclose scheme from any state to Reset. Typically this is a
manual reset from lockout, local or remote.
AR RESET TIME: A reset timer output resets the recloser following a successful reclosure sequence. The setting is based
on the breaker time which is the minimum time required between successive reclose sequences.
AR BKR CLOSED: This setting selects an operand that indicates that the breaker(s) are closed at the end of the reset time
and the scheme can reset.

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 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

AR BLOCK: This setting selects the operand that blocks the Autoreclose scheme (it can be a sum of conditions such as:
Time Delayed Tripping, Breaker Failure, Bus Differential Protection, etc.). If the block signal is present before autoreclose
scheme initiation the AR DISABLED FlexLogic™ operand will be set. If the block signal occurs when the scheme is in the
RIP state the scheme will be sent to Lockout.
AR PAUSE: The pause input offers the ability to freeze the autoreclose cycle until the pause signal disappears. This may
be done when a trip occurs and simultaneously or previously, some conditions are detected such as out-of step or loss of
guard frequency, or a remote transfer trip signal is received. When the "pause" signal disappears the autoreclose cycle is
resumed. This feature can also be used when a transformer is tapped from the protected line and a reclose is not desirable
until the it is disconnected from the line. In this situation, the reclose scheme is "paused" until the transformer is discon-
nected.
AR INCOMPLETE SEQ TIME: This timer is used to set the maximum time interval allowed for a single reclose shot. It is
started whenever a reclosure is initiated and is active until the CLOSE BKR1 or BKR2 signal is sent. If all conditions allow-
ing a breaker closure are not satisfied when this time expires, the scheme goes to "Lockout". The minimum permissible set-
ting is established by the "3-P Dead Time 2" timer setting. Settings beyond this will determine the "wait" time for the breaker
to open so that the reclose cycle can continue and/or for the AR PAUSE signal to reset and allow the reclose cycle to con-
tinue and/or for the AR BKR1(2) BLK signal to disappear and allow the AR CLOSE BKR1(2) signal to be sent.
AR BLOCK BKR2: This input selects an operand that will block the reclose command for breaker No.2. This condition can
be for example: breaker low air pressure, reclose in progress on another line (for the central breaker in a breaker and a half
arrangement), or a sum of conditions combined in FlexLogic™.
AR BKR2 MNL CLOSE: This setting selects an operand asserted when breaker No. 2 is manually commanded to close.
AR CLOSE TIME BKR2: This setting represents the closing time for the breaker No. 2 from the moment the "Close" com-
mand is sent to the moment the contacts are closed.
AR TRANSFER 1 TO 2: This setting establishes how the scheme performs when the breaker closing sequence is 1-2 and
5 breaker No. 1 is blocked. When set to "YES" the closing command will be transferred direct to breaker No. 2 without waiting
the transfer time. When set to "NO" the closing command will be blocked by the AR BKR1 BLK signal and the scheme will
be sent to LOCKOUT by the incomplete sequence timer.
AR TRANSFER 2 TO 1: This setting establishes how the scheme performs when the breaker closing sequence is 2-1 and
breaker No. 2 is blocked. When set to "YES" the closing command will be transferred direct to breaker No. 1 without waiting
the transfer time. When set to "NO" the closing command will be blocked by the AR BKR2 BLK signal and the scheme will
be sent to LOCKOUT by the incomplete sequence timer.
AR BKR1 FAIL OPTION: This setting establishes how the scheme performs when the breaker closing sequence is 1-2 and
breaker No. 1 has failed to close. When set to "Continue" the closing command will be transferred to breaker No. 2 which
will continue the reclosing cycle until successful (the scheme will reset) or unsuccessful (the scheme will go to Lockout).
When set to "Lockout" the scheme will go to lockout without attempting to reclose breaker No. 2.
AR BKR2 FAIL OPTION: This setting establishes how the scheme performs when the breaker closing sequence is 2-1 and
breaker No. 2 has failed to close. When set to "Continue" the closing command will be transferred to breaker No. 1 which
will continue the reclosing cycle until successful (the scheme will reset) or unsuccessful (the scheme will go to Lockout).
When set to "Lockout" the scheme will go to lockout without attempting to reclose breaker No. 1.
AR 1-P DEAD TIME: Set this intentional delay longer than the estimated de-ionizing time following the first single-pole trip.
AR BREAKER SEQUENCE: This setting selects the breakers reclose sequence:
1 = reclose breaker 1 only
2 = reclose breaker 2 only
1&2 = reclose both breakers simultaneously
1-2 = reclose breakers sequentially; breaker No. 1 first
2-1 = reclose breakers sequentially; breaker No. 2 first
AR TRANSFER TIME: The transfer time is used only for breaker closing sequence 1-2 or 2-1, when the two breakers are
reclosed sequentially. The transfer timer is initiated by a close signal to the first breaker. The transfer timer transfers the
reclose signal from the breaker selected to close first to the second breaker. The time delay setting is based on the maxi-
mum time interval between the autoreclose signal and the protection trip contact closure assuming a permanent fault
(unsuccessful reclose). Therefore, the minimum setting is equal to the maximum breaker closing time plus the maximum
line protection operating time plus a suitable margin. This setting will prevent the autoreclose scheme from transferring the
close signal to the second breaker unless a successful reclose of the first breaker occurs.

5-146 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 SETTING

AR FUNCTION:

Enable=1
Disable=0
NOTE
D60 Relay Only
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND

GE Multilin
LINE PICKUP OP
AND FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
AR ENABLED
SETTING AR DISABLED
OR
5 SETTINGS

AR INITIATE
AR BLOCK:
(To page 2, Reset AR TRANSFER TIMER)
Off = 0

S FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
SETTING Latch AR RIP
R 0.5 cycle To: AR FORCE 3P TRIP
AR BKR MAN CLOSE: SETTING AND S
AR BLK TIME UPON MAN Latch (Evolving fault)
Off = 0 0
CLS :
OR R
BKR MANUAL CLOSE:
0
(From sheet 3)
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND
SETTING AR 1-P RIP
LO
AR 1P INIT: SETTING
SETTING
AR EXTEND DEAD TIME
Off = 0
AR 1-P DEAD TIME: 1:
OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OR Off = 0
TRIP 1-POLE AND 0
OR
SETTING
three-pole for any type of fault

SETTING OR
AR DEAD TIME 1
AND FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
EXTENSION:
AR 3P INIT: AR 3-P/1 RIP
OR AND
Off = 0 0
SETTING
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OR S
AND AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1:
TRIP AR INIT 3-POLE Latch

D60 Relay Only From Trip Output

R OR
OR AND
SETTING 0

AR 3P TD INIT:
AND
Off = 0

SETTING

BKR ONE POLE OPEN: CLOSE (to page 2)

OR
Off = 0
OR

BKR ONE POLE OPEN

From sheet 3
SETTING

BKR 3 POLE OPEN: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND

Off = 0 AR 3-P/2 RIP
OR

D60 Line Distance Relay

BKR 3 POLE OPEN SETTING
OR
OR S AND
RESET AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2:
Latch
CLOSE BKR1 OR BKR2
OR R
OR 0
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AR SHOT COUNT>0 OR AND

SETTING AND FLEXLOGIC OPERAND

AR INCOMPLETE SEQ

From Sheet 2
BKR FAIL TO RECLS
AR PAUSE
(from sheet 2)

Off = 0 827089AD.CDR

SHOT COUNT = MAX AND

SETTING
AND
AR M0DE: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND AR LO
1 Pole SETTING

Figure 5–85: SINGLE-POLE AUTORECLOSE LOGIC (SHEET 1 OF 3)

3 Pole - A AR INCOMPLETE SEQ.
OR
3 Pole -B TIMER: OR
1 & 3 Pole
OR 0
D60 Relay Only From Phase Selector AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND OR
PHASE SELECT MULTI-P
0
SETTING 5ms
AND
OR
AR MULTI-P FAULT:
RESET (to sheet 2)
Off = 0
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OR AR FORCE 3P TRIP
SETTING

AR RESET: Evolving fault

OR AR DISABLED
Off = 0
5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OR AR ZONE 1 EXTENT
ured properly. When the breaker reclose sequence is "1-2" or "2-1" the breaker that will reclose second in
For correct operation of the autoreclose scheme, the Breaker Control feature must be enabled and config-

5-147
sequence (breaker No. 2 for sequence 1-2 and breaker No. 1 for sequence 2-1) must be configured to trip

5
 5

5-148
30ms
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
BREAKER 1 ANY P OPEN AND 0
AND
OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
SETTING
AR BKR 1 BLK
AR BLOCK BKR 1:
OR
Off=0

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
BREAKER 1 OOS

SETTING
5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

AR TRANSFER 1 TO 2:

No = 0
AND
AND S FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
SETTING Latch AR CLOSE BKR 1
R
AR BKR1 FAIL OPTION:
AND
SETTING
Continue=0 LO OR
To sheet 3 AR CLOSE TIME BKR 1: AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
SETTING AND
BREAKER 1 CLOSED
OR From bkr control 2ms
AR BKR SEQUENCE: LO
AND
ACTUAL VALUES
1 OR SETTING AR SHOT COUNT: 0 (1,2)
AND
2
AR MAX NO OF SHOTS:
1&2
1-2 OR Increm Shot Sh=2
Counter FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OR AND OR
2-1 Sh=1 AR SHOT CNT>0
AND Decrem Shot
OR Counter Sh=0
SHOT COUNT=MAX
OR Reset Count Sh=Max

CLOSE BKR 1 OR BKR 2

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
SETTING
AR RIP OR AND OR TO
OR AR TRANSFER TIME: BKR FAIL TO RECLS SHEET 1
AR INITIATE (To LO)
S
FROM
Latch AND OR
SHEET 1 0ms
OR R
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AR LO AND
RESET
CLOSE

SETTING
LO

D60 Line Distance Relay

AR TRANSFER 2 TO 1: AND

AND
No = 0
AND S FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
Latch AR CLOSE BKR 2
AND
SETTING R
LO
AR BKR2 FAIL OPTION:
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OR SETTING

Continue=0 AND BREAKER 2 CLOSED AR CLOSE TIME BKR 2: AND

From bkr control

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND 2ms

BREAKER 2 OOS FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AR BKR 2 BLK

SETTING

AR BLOCK BKR 2: BKR CLOSED (from page 3)

OR
OR AND 827090A9.CDR
Off=0 SETTING

Figure 5–86: SINGLE-POLE AUTORECLOSE LOGIC (SHEET 2 OF 3)

30ms AR RESET TIME:
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OR
AND
BREAKER 2 ANY P OPEN AND 0
AND AND 0
OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
SETTING
OR AR RESET
AR BKR CLOSED:

Off=0

RESET
(From Sheet 1)
5 SETTINGS

GE Multilin
 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

}
}
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
From BREAKER 1 OOS
Breaker Control
Scheme FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
BREAKER 2 OOS

}
AR BKR SEQUENCE:
1
2
From sheet 2 1&2
1-2
2-1

OR

AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
BREAKER 1 MNL CLS

BKR MANUAL CLOSE

OR
(To sheet 1)

OR

AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
BREAKER 2 MNL CLS

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND
BREAKER 1 CLOSED

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND

5
BREAKER 2 CLOSED

AND
BKR CLOSED
OR (To sheet 2)
OR
From
Breaker Control
Scheme
AND

AND

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND
BREAKER 1 OPEN

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND
BREAKER 2 OPEN
OR BKR 3 POLE OPEN
(To sheet 1)
OR

OR AND

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND
BREAKER 1 ONE P OPEN

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND
BREAKER 2 ONE P OPEN

OR
AND
OR BKR ONE POLE OPEN
(To sheet 1)
OR

AND

AND
827833A8.CDR

Figure 5–87: SINGLE-POLE AUTORECLOSE LOGIC (SHEET 3 OF 3)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-149

 5

5-150
1ST SHOT 2ND SHOT

F R
A T PROT E
T
U R T TRIP BKR S
L I T PROT RESET E
T P T
5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

PREFAULT
AR 1P INIT

AR RIP
1-P DEAD TIME

AR 1-P RIP
40 ms

AR FORCE 3P TRIP

CLOSE

AR CLOSE BKR1
T CLOSE BKR1 T CLOSE BKR1

AR RESET TIME
RESET TIME

AR SHOT COUNT > 0

BREAKER 1 CLOSED
T TRIP BKR T PROT RESET

D60 Line Distance Relay

T PROT
AR 3P INIT
3-P/2 DEAD TIME

AR 3P/2 RIP

BREAKER 2 CLOSED

Figure 5–88: EXAMPLE RECLOSING SEQUENCE

AR CLOSE BKR2
T CLOSE BKR2
TRANSFER TIME

AR TRANSFER TIME

AR INCOMPLETE SEQ. TIME

842703A3.CDR
5 SETTINGS

GE Multilin
 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

5.6.6 DIGITAL ELEMENTS

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" DIGITAL ELEMENTS

# DIGITAL ELEMENTS
#

# DIGITAL ELEMENT 1
#

DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

MESSAGE
FUNCTION: Disabled

DIG ELEM 1 NAME: Range: 16 alphanumeric characters

MESSAGE
Dig Element 1

DIG ELEM 1 INPUT: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

MESSAGE
Off

DIG ELEM 1 PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 999999.999 s in steps of 0.001

MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s

DIG ELEM 1 RESET Range: 0.000 to 999999.999 s in steps of 0.001

MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s

DIG ELEM 1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

MESSAGE
Off

5
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset

DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

# DIGITAL ELEMENT 2
#
↓
# DIGITAL ELEMENT 16
#

There are 16 identical Digital Elements available, numbered 1 to 16. A Digital Element can monitor any FlexLogic™ oper-
and and present a target message and/or enable events recording depending on the output operand state. The digital ele-
ment settings include a ‘name’ which will be referenced in any target message, a blocking input from any selected
FlexLogic™ operand, and a timer for pickup and reset delays for the output operand.
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 INPUT: Selects a FlexLogic™ operand to be monitored by the Digital Element.
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 PICKUP DELAY: Sets the time delay to pickup. If a pickup delay is not required, set to "0".
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 RESET DELAY: Sets the time delay to reset. If a reset delay is not required, set to "0".
SETTING
DIGITAL ELEMENT 01
FUNCTION:
Disabled = 0 SETTINGS
Enabled = 1 DIGITAL ELEMENT 01
SETTING PICKUP DELAY:
DIGITAL ELEMENT 01 DIGITAL ELEMENT 01 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
SETTING
NAME: RESET DELAY:
DIGITAL ELEMENT 01 DIG ELEM 01 DPO
AND RUN tPKP
INPUT: DIG ELEM 01 PKP
Off = 0 DIG ELEM 01 OP
INPUT = 1 tRST
SETTING
DIGITAL ELEMENT 01
BLOCK:
827042A1.VSD
Off = 0

Figure 5–89: DIGITAL ELEMENT SCHEME LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-151

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

a) CIRCUIT MONITORING APPLICATIONS

Some versions of the digital input modules include an active Voltage Monitor circuit connected across Form-A contacts.
The Voltage Monitor circuit limits the trickle current through the output circuit (see Technical Specifications for Form-A).
As long as the current through the Voltage Monitor is above a threshold (see Technical Specifications for Form-A), the Flex-
Logic™ operand "Cont Op # VOn" will be set. (# represents the output contact number). If the output circuit has a high
resistance or the DC current is interrupted, the trickle current will drop below the threshold and the FlexLogic™ operand
"Cont Op # VOff" will be set. Consequently, the state of these operands can be used as indicators of the integrity of the cir-
cuits in which Form-A contacts are inserted.

b) BREAKER TRIP CIRCUIT INTEGRITY MONITORING – EXAMPLE 1

In many applications it is desired to monitor the breaker trip circuit integrity so problems can be detected before a trip oper-
ation is required. The circuit is considered to be healthy when the Voltage Monitor connected across the trip output contact
detects a low level of current, well below the operating current of the breaker trip coil. If the circuit presents a high resis-
tance, the trickle current will fall below the monitor threshold and an alarm would be declared.
In most breaker control circuits, the trip coil is connected in series with a breaker auxiliary contact which is open when the
breaker is open (see diagram below). To prevent unwanted alarms in this situation, the trip circuit monitoring logic must
include the breaker position.
DC+

UR Relay - Form-A

H1a
I = Current Monitor I
H1b
5 V = Voltage Monitor V
H1c

52a

Trip
Coil

827073A1.vsd
DC–
Figure 5–90: TRIP CIRCUIT EXAMPLE 1
Assume the output contact H1 is a trip contact. Using the contact output settings, this output will be given an ID name, e.g.
"Cont Op 1". Assume a 52a breaker auxiliary contact is connected to contact input H7a to monitor breaker status. Using the
contact input settings, this input will be given an ID name, e.g. "Cont Ip 1" and will be set "ON" when the breaker is closed.
Using Digital Element 1 to monitor the breaker trip circuit, the settings will be:
# DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 DIGITAL ELEMENT 1
# FUNCTION: Enabled
DIG ELEM 1 NAME:
MESSAGE
Bkr Trip Cct Out
DIG ELEM 1 INPUT:
MESSAGE
Cont Op 1 VOff
DIG ELEM 1 PICKUP
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.200 s
DIG ELEM 1 RESET
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.100 s
DIG ELEM 1 BLOCK:
MESSAGE
Cont Ip 1 Off

5-152 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

DIGITAL ELEMENT 1
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Enabled

NOTE: The PICKUP DELAY setting should be greater than the operating time of the breaker to avoid nuisance alarms.

c) BREAKER TRIP CIRCUIT INTEGRITY MONITORING – EXAMPLE 2

If it is required to monitor the trip circuit continuously, independent of the breaker position (open or closed), a method to
maintain the monitoring current flow through the trip circuit when the breaker is open must be provided (as shown in Figure:
TRIP CIRCUIT - EXAMPLE 2). This can be achieved by connecting a suitable resistor (as listed in the VALUES OF RESIS-
TOR ‘R’ table) across the auxiliary contact in the trip circuit. In this case, it is not required to supervise the monitoring circuit
with the breaker position - the BLOCK setting is selected to Off. In this case, the settings will be:
# DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 DIGITAL ELEMENT 1
# FUNCTION: Enabled
DIG ELEM 1 NAME:
MESSAGE
Bkr Trip Cct Out
DIG ELEM 1 INPUT:
MESSAGE
Cont Op 1 VOff
DIG ELEM 1 PICKUP
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.200 s
DIG ELEM 1 RESET
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.100 s 5
DIG ELEM 1 BLOCK:
MESSAGE
Off
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Enabled

DC+
Table 5–21: VALUES OF RESISTOR ‘R’
UR Relay - Form-A
POWER RESISTANCE POWER
H1a SUPPLY (V DC) (OHMS) (WATTS)
I = Current Monitor I
24 1000 2
H1b
30 5000 2
V = Voltage Monitor V
H1c 48 10000 2
110 25000 5
52a By-pass
R 125 25000 5
Resistor
250 50000 5
Trip
Coil

827074A1.vsd
DC–
Figure 5–91: TRIP CIRCUIT EXAMPLE 2

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-153

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.6.7 DIGITAL COUNTERS

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" DIGITAL COUNTERS ! COUNTER 1(8)

# COUNTER 1 COUNTER 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
COUNTER 1 NAME: Range: 12 alphanumeric characters
MESSAGE
Counter 1
COUNTER 1 UNITS: Range: 6 alphanumeric characters
MESSAGE

COUNTER 1 PRESET: Range: –2,147,483,647 to +2,147,483,647

MESSAGE
0
COUNTER 1 COMPARE: Range: –2,147,483,647 to +2,147,483,647
MESSAGE
0
COUNTER 1 UP: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
COUNTER 1 DOWN: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
COUNTER 1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
CNT1 SET TO PRESET: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

5 MESSAGE
Off
COUNTER 1 RESET: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
COUNT1 FREEZE/RESET: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
COUNT1 FREEZE/COUNT: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off

There are 8 identical digital counters, numbered from 1 to 8. A digital counter counts the number of state transitions from
Logic 0 to Logic 1. The counter is used to count operations such as the pickups of an element, the changes of state of an
external contact (e.g. breaker auxiliary switch), or pulses from a watt-hour meter.
COUNTER 1 UNITS:
Assigns a label to identify the unit of measure pertaining to the digital transitions to be counted. The units label will appear
in the corresponding Actual Values status.
COUNTER 1 PRESET:
Sets the count to a required preset value before counting operations begin, as in the case where a substitute relay is to be
installed in place of an in-service relay, or while the counter is running.
COUNTER 1 COMPARE:
Sets the value to which the accumulated count value is compared. Three FlexLogic™ output operands are provided to indi-
cate if the present value is "more than (HI)", "equal to (EQL)", or "less than (LO)" the set value.
COUNTER 1 UP:
Selects the FlexLogic™ operand for incrementing the counter. If an enabled UP input is received when the accumulated
value is at the limit of +2,147,483,647 counts, the counter will rollover to –2,147,483,647.
COUNTER 1 DOWN:
Selects the FlexLogic™ operand for decrementing the counter. If an enabled DOWN input is received when the accumu-
lated value is at the limit of -2,147,483,647 counts, the counter will rollover to +2,147,483,647.

5-154 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

COUNTER 1 BLOCK:
Selects the FlexLogic™ operand for blocking the counting operation.
CNT1 SET TO PRESET:
Selects the FlexLogic™ operand used to set the count to the preset value. The counter will be set to the preset value in the
following situations:
1. When the counter is enabled and the "CNT1 SET TO PRESET" operand has the value 1 (when the counter is enabled
and "CNT1 SET TO PRESET" is 0, the counter will be set to 0.)
2. When the counter is running and the "CNT1 SET TO PRESET" operand changes the state from 0 to 1 ("CNT1 SET TO
PRESET" changing from 1 to 0 while the counter is running has no effect on the count).
3. When a reset or reset/freeze command is sent to the counter and the "CNT1 SET TO PRESET" operand has the value
1 (when a reset or reset/freeze command is sent to the counter and the "CNT1 SET TO PRESET" operand has the
value 0, the counter will be set to 0).
COUNTER 1 RESET:
Selects the FlexLogic™ operand for setting the count to either ‘0’ or the preset value depending on the state of the "CNT1
SET TO PRESET" operand.
COUNTER 1 FREEZE/RESET:
Selects the FlexLogic™ operand for capturing (freezing) the accumulated count value into a separate register with the date
and time of the operation, and resetting the count to ‘0’ or the preset value.
COUNTER 1 FREEZE/COUNT:
Selects the FlexLogic™ operand for capturing (freezing) the accumulated count value into a separate register with the date
and time of the operation, and continuing counting. The present accumulated value and captured frozen value with the
associated date/time stamp are available as actual values. If control power is interrupted, the accumulated and frozen val-
5
ues are saved into non-volatile memory during the power down operation.

SETTING
COUNTER 1 FUNCTION:
Disabled = 0
SETTINGS
Enabled = 1
COUNTER 1 NAME:
SETTING AND COUNTER 1 UNITS:
COUNTER 1 PRESET:
COUNTER 1 UP:
RUN
Off = 0 SETTING
FLEXLOGIC
COUNTER 1 COMPARE: OPERANDS
SETTING
CALCULATE Count more than Comp. COUNTER 1 HI
COUNTER 1 DOWN: VALUE Count equal to Comp. COUNTER 1 EQL
Off = 0 Count less than Comp. COUNTER 1 LO

SETTING
COUNTER 1 BLOCK:
Off = 0 SET TO PRESET VALUE

SETTING SET TO ZERO

ACTUAL VALUE
CNT 1 SET TO PRESET: COUNTER 1 ACCUM:
Off = 0
AND

SETTING AND ACTUAL VALUES

COUNTER 1 RESET:
COUNTER 1 FROZEN:
Off = 0
OR STORE DATE & TIME Date & Time
SETTING
COUNT1 FREEZE/RESET:
Off = 0
OR
827065A1.VSD
SETTING
COUNT1 FREEZE/COUNT:
Off = 0

Figure 5–92: DIGITAL COUNTER SCHEME LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-155

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

5.6.8 MONITORING ELEMENTS

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" MONITORING ELEMENTS

# MONITORING # BREAKER 1
# ELEMENTS # ARCING CURRENT
# BREAKER 2
MESSAGE
# ARCING CURRENT
# VT FUSE FAILURE
MESSAGE
#
# OPEN POLE
MESSAGE
#

a) BREAKER ARCING CURRENT

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" MONITORING ELEMENTS ! BREAKER 1 ARCING CURRENT

# BREAKER 1 BKR 1 ARC AMP Range: Disabled, Enabled

# ARCING CURRENT FUNCTION: Disabled
BKR 1 ARC AMP Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
MESSAGE
SOURCE: SRC 1
BKR 1 ARC AMP INIT: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
5 MESSAGE
BKR 1 ARC AMP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
DELAY: 0.000 s
BKR 1 ARC AMP LIMIT: Range: 0 to 50000 kA2-cycle in steps of 1
MESSAGE
1000 kA2-cyc
BKR 1 ARC AMP BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BKR 1 ARC AMP Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-reset
BKR 1 ARC AMP Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

There are 2 identical Breaker Arcing Current features available for Breakers 1 and 2. This element calculates an estimate
of the per-phase wear on the breaker contacts by measuring and integrating the current squared passing through the
breaker contacts as an arc. These per-phase values are added to accumulated totals for each phase and compared to a
programmed threshold value. When the threshold is exceeded in any phase, the relay can set an output operand to "1".
The accumulated value for each phase can be displayed as an actual value.
The operation of the scheme is shown in the following logic diagram. The same output operand that is selected to operate
the output relay used to trip the breaker, indicating a tripping sequence has begun, is used to initiate this feature. A time
delay is introduced between initiation and the starting of integration to prevent integration of current flow through the
breaker before the contacts have parted. This interval includes the operating time of the output relay, any other auxiliary
relays and the breaker mechanism. For maximum measurement accuracy, the interval between change-of-state of the
operand (from 0 to 1) and contact separation should be measured for the specific installation. Integration of the measured
current continues for 100 milliseconds, which is expected to include the total arcing period.
• BKR 1 ARC AMP INIT: Selects the same output operand that is selected to operate the output relay used to trip the
breaker.
• BKR 1 ARC AMP DELAY: This setting is used to program the delay interval between the time the tripping sequence is
initiated and the time the breaker contacts are expected to part, starting the integration of the measured current.
• BKR 1 ARC AMP LIMIT: Selects the threshold value above which the output operand is set.

5-156 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

Breaker
Contacts Arc
Initiate Part Extinguished

Total Area =
Breaker
Arcing
Current
(kA·cycle)

Programmable
Start Delay 100 ms

Start Stop
Integration Integration

Figure 5–93: ARCING CURRENT MEASUREMENT

SETTING
BREAKER 1 ARCING
AND SETTING
AMP FUNCTION:
Disabled=0 BREAKER 1 ARCING
Enabled=1 AMP DELAY: 100 ms

SETTING
BREAKER 1 ARCING
OR 0 0
5
AMP INIT:
Off=0 AND

SETTING
BREAKER 1 ARCING
AMP BLOCK:
Off=0

SETTING
RUN SETTING
BREAKER 1 ARCING Add to
AMP SOURCE: Accumulator BREAKER 1 ARCING
IA Integrate IA 2 -Cycle Select
AMP LIMIT: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
2
IB Integrate IB 2 -Cycle Highest KA * Cycle Limit BKR1 ARC OP
IC Integrate IC 2 -Cycle Value

Set All To Zero

COMMAND
CLEAR BREAKER 1 ACTUAL VALUE
ARCING AMPS: BKR 1 ARCING AMP A
NO=0 BKR 1 ARCING AMP B
YES=1 BKR 1 ARCING AMP C 827071A2.CDR

Figure 5–94: BREAKER ARCING CURRENT SCHEME LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-157

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

b) VT FUSE FAILURE
PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" MONITORING ELEMENTS !" VT FUSE FAILURE

# VT FUSE FAILURE VT FUSE FAILURE Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled

Every signal source includes a fuse failure scheme.

The VT fuse failure detector can be used to raise an alarm and/or block elements that may operate incorrectly for a full or
partial loss of AC potential caused by one or more blown fuses. Some elements that might be blocked (via the BLOCK
input) are distance, voltage restrained overcurrent, and directional current.
There are two classes of fuse failure that may occur:
Class A: Loss of one or two phases.
Class B: Loss of all three phases.
Different means of detection are required for each class. An indication of Class A failures is a significant level of negative
sequence voltage, whereas an indication of Class B failures is when positive sequence current is present and there is an
insignificant amount of positive sequence voltage. These noted indications of fuse failure could also be present when faults
are present on the system, so a means of detecting faults and inhibiting fuse failure declarations during these events is pro-
vided. Once the fuse failure condition is declared, it will be sealed-in until the cause that generated it disappears.
An additional condition is introduced to inhibit a fuse failure declaration when the monitored circuit is de-energized; positive
sequence voltage and current are both below threshold levels.
The common VT FUSE FAILURE FUNCTION setting enables/disables the fuse failure feature for all sources.

5 AND
FAULT
OR

AND
SETTING
VT FUSE FAILURE
FUNCTION:
Disabled=0
Enabled=1
AND
COMPARATORS
SOURCE 1
RUN
V_2 V_2 > 0.25 p.u.
RUN OR
V_1 V_1 < 0.05 p.u. OR SET
AND FUSE FAIL
RUN
I_1 I_1 > 0.075 p.u.
RUN
V_1 < 0.7 p.u. 0 AND
AND
RUN 20 CYCLES
I_1 < 0.05 p.u. FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND LATCH SRC1 VT FF OP
SRC1 50DD OP SRC1 VT FF DPO

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OPEN POLE OP
D60 only
AND
OR RESET
Reset-dominant
AND

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
AND SRC X VT FF VOL LOSS
827093AD.CDR

Figure 5–95: VT FUSE FAIL SCHEME LOGIC

5-158 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

c) OPEN POLE DETECTOR

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" MONITORING ELEMENTS !" OPEN POLE

# OPEN POLE OPEN POLE FUNCTION: Range: Disabled, Enabled

# Disabled
OPEN POLE BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
OPEN POLE VOLTAGE Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
SUPV: Disabled
OPEN POLE CURRENT Range: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
PKP: 0.050 pu
OPEN POLE TARGET: Range: Self-Reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
Self-Reset
OPEN POLE EVENTS: Range: Enabled, Disabled
MESSAGE
Disabled

The open pole detector is intended to identify an open pole of the line circuit breaker. The scheme monitors the breakers
auxiliary contacts, current in the circuit and optionally voltage on the line. The scheme generates output operands used to
block the phase selector and some specific protection elements, thus preventing maloperation during the dead time of a
single pole autoreclose cycle or any other open pole conditions. The scheme declares an open pole at the moment a sin-
gle-pole trip is issued.
In two breaker and breaker and a half applications, an open pole condition is declared when:
• both breakers have an open pole on the same phase or 5
• the current on the line drops below a threshold or
• the current and voltage on the line drop below a threshold.
The Open Pole feature uses signals defined by the SOURCE setting under the Common Distance Settings.
Voltage supervision can be used only with wye VTs on the line side of the breaker(s).
The OPEN POLE CURRENT PICKUP setting establishes the current threshold below which an open pole is declared.
For convenience, the position of the breaker poles defined in the Breaker Control feature and available as FlexLogic™
operand BREAKER 1/2 ΦA CLSD through BREAKER 1/2 ΦC CLSD and BREAKER 1/2 OOS are used by the Open Pole
feature. For correct operation of the Open Pole Detector, the Breaker Control, Trip Output, and Single Pole Autoreclose
features must be enabled and configured properly. When used in configuration with only one breaker, the BREAKER 2 FUNC-
TION should be "Enabled" and the BREAKER 2 OUT OF SV setting should be "On" (see the BREAKER CONTROL section for
additional details).

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-159

 5

5-160
SETTING
OPEN POLE
FUNCTION:
Disabled = 0
Enabled = 1

SETTING
AND
OPEN POLE BLOCK:
SETTING
Off = 0 OPEN POLE CURRENT FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
PKP:
5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

XOR OPEN POLE BLK N

RUN FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
TRIP PHASE A FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
IA < PKP AND 0 OPEN POLE OP ΦA
AND OR 20 ms
IB < PKP
IC < PKP
AND

From
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
Trip TRIP PHASE B FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
Output AND 0 OPEN POLE OP ΦB
SETTINGS AND OR 20 ms
OPEN POLE VOLTAGE
SUPV: AND
Disabled = 0
AND RUN
Enabled = 1
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
VAG > 0.7 pu TRIP PHASE C FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
DISTANCE SOURCE:
VBG > 0.7 pu
AND 0 OPEN POLE OP ΦC
IA AND OR 20 ms
VCG > 0.7 pu
IB
IC AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
VAG
OR OPEN POLE BLK AB
VBG
VCG
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OR OPEN POLE BLK BC
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND

D60 Line Distance Relay

BREAKER 1 ΦA CLSD
OR FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OR OPEN POLE BLK CA
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
BREAKER 1 ΦB CLSD
OR FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OR OPEN POLE OP
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
BREAKER 1 ΦC CLSD

Figure 5–96: OPEN POLE DETECTOR LOGIC

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OR OPEN POLE BKR ΦA OP
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
BREAKER 1 OOS
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OPEN POLE BKR ΦB OP
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
Scheme

BREAKER 2 ΦA CLSD
OR FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
To Trip Output

OPEN POLE BKR ΦC OP

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
BREAKER 2 ΦB CLSD 837024A9.CDR
OR

From Breaker Control Logic

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
BREAKER 2 ΦC CLSD

OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
BREAKER 2 OOS
5 SETTINGS

GE Multilin
 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

5.6.9 PILOT SCHEMES

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" PILOT SCHEMES

# PILOT SCHEMES # DUTT SCHEME

# #
# PUTT SCHEME
MESSAGE
#
# POTT SCHEME
MESSAGE
#
# HYBRID POTT SCHEME
MESSAGE
#
# BLOCKING SCHEME
MESSAGE
#
This menu allows the selection and the setting up (see the following sub-menus) of a protection signaling scheme. See
also, the section on Protection Signaling Schemes in the APPLICATION OF SETTINGS chapter.

a) DIRECT UNDER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP (DUTT)

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" PILOT SCHEMES ! DUTT SCHEME

# DUTT SCHEME DUTT SCHEME Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled

MESSAGE
DUTT SEAL-IN
DELAY: 0.010 s
Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
5
DUTT NO OF COMM Range: 1, 2, or 4
MESSAGE
BITS: 1
DUTT RX1: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
DUTT RX2: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
DUTT RX3: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
DUTT RX4: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
DUTT SCHEME TARGET: Range: Self-Reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
Self-Reset
DUTT SCHEME EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
Disabled

This scheme uses an under-reaching Zone 1 distance element to key a transfer trip signal(s) to the remote end(s), where
on receipt, the DUTT pilot scheme operates without additional protection supervision. For proper operation of the scheme
the Zone 1 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured, and set per rules of distance relaying.
In single-pole tripping applications, the scheme uses local fault type identification provided by the PHASE SELECTOR
together with information received from the remote terminal(s). The latter may be coded into one, two or four bits over the
communications channel.
The scheme generates output operands (DUTT TX1 through DUTT TX4) that are used to transmit the direct under-reach-
ing signals to the remote end(s). Choices of communications channel include Remote Inputs/Outputs and telecommunica-
tions interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operands should be assigned to operate output
contacts connected to assert the individual bits at the interface.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-161

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

To make the scheme a fully operational stand-alone feature, the scheme output operands must be configured to interface
with other relay functions, output contacts in particular. Typically, the output operands should be programmed to initiate a
trip, breaker fail, and autoreclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application. When used in conjunction
with the Trip Output, the scheme is pre-configured to initiate trip, breaker fail, and single-pole autoreclose actions.
DUTT SEAL-IN DELAY:
The output FlexLogic™ operand (DUTT OP) is produced according to the DUTT scheme logic. A seal-in time delay is
applied to this operand for coping with noisy communication channels such as a Power Line Carrier. The DUTT SEAL-IN
DELAY is a minimum guaranteed duration of the DUTT OP pulse. As this operand activates the Trip Table of the DUTT
scheme, the trip operands DUTT TRIP A, B, C and 3P are sealed-in for the same period of time.
DUTT NO OF COMM BITS:
This setting specifies the number of bits available on the communications channel. With only one bit available, the scheme
sends the direct under-reaching transfer trip command on bit no.1 (DUTT TX1 operand) and responds to the direct trip
command received on bit no. 1 (DUTT RX1 setting). The scheme uses only local fault type identification provided by the
PHASE SELECTOR to assert the Output Operands DUTT TRIP A, B, C and 3P (see the THEORY OF OPERATION chap-
ter for details on the use of communication channels.)
DUTT RX1 THROUGH DUTT RX4:
These settings allow the user to select the FlexLogic™ operands that represent the receive signals for the scheme. Typi-
cally input contacts interfacing with a signaling system are used.
The DUTT scheme requires a secure and dependable signaling system. For this reason, a series/parallel combination of
receive signal "contacts" is often used. This is accomplished by using a multi-bit communications system to transmit redun-
dant copies of the TX signal (often via different paths) and building appropriate security logic (such as series (AND gate) or
2-out-of-3 voting logic) with FlexLogic™. The DUTT RX settings should be associated with the final (secure) TX signals.

5 In single-bit applications, DUTT RX1 must be used. In two-bit applications, DUTT RX1 and DUTT RX2 must be used. In four-bit
applications, DUTT RX1, DUTT RX2, DUTT RX3, and DUTT RX4 must be used. In multi-terminal applications, the RX signals from
two or more remote terminals should be connected through OR gates in the FlexLogic™ and the resulting signals should
be configured as the DUTT RX inputs.

SETTING
DUTT SCHEME
FUNCTION:
Disabled = 0
Enabled = 1 DUTT NO OF COMM
BITS:

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AND RUN FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS

PH DIST Z1 PKP DUTT TX1
OR
GND DIST Z1 PKP DUTT TX2
TRANSMIT TABLE DUTT TX3
Phase
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND Selector DUTT TX4
AR FORCE 3P TRIP

SETTINGS
DUTT NO OF COMM
BITS: SETTINGS
DUTT SEAL-IN
DUTT RX1: DELAY:
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
Off = 0 0
AND t RST DUTT OP
DUTT RX2:

Off = 0

DUTT RX3: OR
DUTT NO OF COMM
BITS:
Off = 0
RUN FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
DUTT RX4:
RX DUTT TRIP A
Off = 0 DUTT TRIP B
TRIP TABLE DUTT TRIP C
Phase
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND Selector DUTT TRIP 3P
AR FORCE 3P TRIP
837012A9.CDR

Figure 5–97: DUTT SCHEME LOGIC

5-162 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

b) PERMISSIVE UNDER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP (PUTT)

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" PILOT SCHEMES !" PUTT SCHEME

# PUTT SCHEME PUTT SCHEME Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
PUTT RX PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s
PUTT SEAL-IN Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.010 s
PUTT NO OF COMM Range: 1, 2, or 4
MESSAGE
BITS: 1
PUTT RX1: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
PUTT RX2: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
PUTT RX3: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
PUTT RX4: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
PUTT SCHEME TARGET: Range: Self-Reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
Self-Reset
PUTT SCHEME EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled 5
MESSAGE
Disabled

This scheme uses an under-reaching Zone 1 distance element to key a transfer trip signal(s) to the remote terminal(s)
where it is supervised by an over-reaching Zone 2 distance element. For proper operation, the Zone 1 and 2 phase and
ground distance elements must be enabled, configured, and set per rules of distance relaying.
In single-pole tripping applications, the scheme uses local fault type identification provided by the Phase Selector together
with information received from the remote terminal(s). The scheme generates output operands (PUTT TX1 through PUTT
TX4) that are used to transmit the signal to the remote end(s). Choices of communications channel include Remote Inputs/
Outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operands should be
assigned to operate output contacts connected to assert the individual bits at the interface.
To make the scheme a fully operational stand-alone feature, the scheme output operands must be configured to interface
with other relay functions, output contacts in particular. Typically, the output operands should be programmed to initiate a
trip, breaker fail, and autoreclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application. When used in conjunction
with the Trip Output element, the scheme is pre-configured to initiate trip, breaker fail and single-pole autoreclose actions.
PUTT RX PICKUP DELAY:
This setting enables the relay to cope with spurious receive signals. This delay should be set longer than the longest spuri-
ous TX signal that can be received simultaneously with the zone 1 pickup. The selected delay will increase the response
time of the scheme.
PUTT SEAL-IN DELAY:
The output FlexLogic™ operand (PUTT OP) is produced according to the PUTT scheme logic. A seal-in time delay is
applied to this operand for coping with noisy communication channels such as a Power Line Carrier. The PUTT SEAL-IN
DELAY is a minimum guaranteed duration of the PUTT OP pulse. As this operand activates the Trip Table of the PUTT
scheme, the trip operands PUTT TRIP A, B, C and 3P are sealed-in for the same period of time.
PUTT NO OF COMM BITS:
This setting specifies the number of bits of the communications channel available for the scheme. The transmit codes and
trip table of the PUTT scheme are identical as those for the direct under-reaching transfer trip scheme. Please refer to the
THEORY OF OPERATION chapter for more information.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-163

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

PUTT RX1 THROUGH PUTT RX4:

These settings allow the user to select the FlexLogic™ operands that represent the receive signals for the scheme. Typi-
cally input contacts interfacing with a signaling system are used. In single-bit applications, PUTT RX1 must be used. In two-
bit applications, PUTT RX1 and PUTT RX2 must be used. In four-bit applications, PUTT RX1, PUTT RX2, PUTT RX3, and PUTT RX4
must be used. In multi-terminal applications, the RX signals from two or more remote terminals should be connected
through OR gates in the FlexLogic™ and the resulting signals should be configured as the PUTT RX inputs.

837013A9.CDR
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND

PUTT TRIP 3P
PUTT TRIP A
PUTT TRIP B
PUTT TRIP C

PUTT TX1
PUTT TX2
PUTT TX3
PUTT TX4
PUTT OP

TRANSMIT TABLE
TRIP TABLE
PUTT NO OF COMM

PUTT NO OF COMM
BITS:

BITS:
RUN

RUN
Selector

Selector
Phase

Phase
t RST

RX

5
PUTT SEAL-IN
SETTINGS

DELAY:
0
AND

AND
0
PUTT RX PICKUP
SETTINGS

DELAY:
tPKP
AND

OR
OR

OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
PUTT NO OF COMM

AR FORCE 3P TRIP

AR FORCE 3P TRIP
GND DIST Z2 PKP

GND DIST Z1 PKP

PH DIST Z2 PKP

PH DIST Z1 PKP
PUTT SCHEME

Disabled = 0
Enabled = 1
FUNCTION:

PUTT RX1:

PUTT RX2:

PUTT RX3:

PUTT RX4:
SETTINGS
SETTING

Off = 0

Off = 0

Off = 0

Off = 0
BITS:

Figure 5–98: PUTT SCHEME LOGIC

5-164 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

c) PERMISSIVE OVER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP (POTT)

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" PILOT SCHEMES !" POTT SCHEME

# POTT SCHEME POTT SCHEME Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
POTT PERMISSIVE Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
ECHO: Disabled
POTT RX PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 sec. in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s
TRANS BLOCK PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 sec. in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.020 s
TRANS BLOCK RESET Range: 0.000 to 65.535 sec. in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.090 s
ECHO DURATION: Range: 0.000 to 65.535 sec. in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
0.100 s
ECHO LOCKOUT: Range: 0.000 to 65.535 sec. in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
0.250 s
LINE END OPEN PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 sec. in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.050 s
POTT SEAL-IN Range: 0.000 to 65.535 sec. in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.010 s
GND DIR O/C FWD: Range: FlexLogic™ operand 5
MESSAGE
Off
POTT NO OF COMM Range: 1, 2, or 4
MESSAGE
BITS: 1
POTT RX1: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
POTT RX2: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
POTT RX3: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
POTT RX4: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
POTT SCHEME TARGET: Range: Self-Reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
Self-Reset
POTT SCHEME EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
Disabled

This scheme is intended for two-terminal line applications only. The scheme uses an over-reaching Zone 2 distance ele-
ment to essentially compare the direction to a fault at both terminals of the line.
Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the Zone 2 distance element
to key the scheme and initiate its operation. This provides increased coverage for high-resistance faults.
For proper operation, the Zone 2 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set per rules of
distance relaying. The Line Pickup element should be enabled, configured and set properly to detect line-end-open/weak-
infeed conditions. If used by this scheme, the selected ground directional overcurrent function(s) must be enabled, config-
ured and set accordingly.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-165

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

In single-pole tripping applications, the scheme uses local fault type identification provided by the Phase Selector together
with information received from the remote terminal. The scheme generates output operands (POTT TX1 through POTT
TX4) that are used to transmit the signal to the remote end. Choices of communications channel include Remote Inputs/
Outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operands should be
assigned to operate output contacts connected to assert the individual bits at the interface.
To make the scheme fully operational as a stand-alone feature, the scheme output operands must be configured to inter-
face with other relay functions, output contacts in particular. Typically, the output operands should be programmed to ini-
tiate a trip, breaker fail, and autoreclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application.
When used in conjunction with the Trip Output element, the scheme is pre-configured to initiate trip, breaker fail, and single-
pole autoreclose actions.
POTT PERMISSIVE ECHO:
If set to "Enabled" this setting will result in sending a permissive echo signal(s) to the remote end under certain conditions.
(See the THEORY OF OPERATION chapter.) The echo is sent only once and then the echo logic locks out for the time
specified by the ECHO LOCKOUT setting. The duration of the echo pulse is settable as ECHO DURATION.
The echo is sent back only if none of the overreaching protection elements operates.
POTT RX PICKUP DELAY:
This setting enables the relay to cope with spurious receive signals. The delay should be set longer than the longest spuri-
ous TX signal that can be received simultaneously with the Zone 2 pickup. The selected delay will increase the response
time of the scheme.
TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY:
This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the POTT scheme for coping with the exposure of a

5 ground directional overcurrent function (if used) to current reversal conditions. The transient blocking mechanism applies to
the ground overcurrent path only as the reach settings for the Zone 2 distance functions is not expected to be long for two-
terminal applications, and the security of the distance functions is not endangered by the current reversal conditions.
Upon receiving the POTT RX signal, the transient blocking mechanism allows the RX signal to be passed and aligned with
the GND DIR O/C FWD indication only for a period of time defined as TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY. After that the ground direc-
tional overcurrent path will be virtually disabled for a period of time specified as TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY.
The TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY should be long enough to give the selected ground directional overcurrent function time to
operate, but not longer than the fastest possible operation time of the protection system that can create current reversal
conditions within the reach of the selected ground directional overcurrent function.
This setting should take into account the POTT RX PICKUP DELAY. The POTT RX signal is shaped for aligning with the ground
directional indication as follows: the original RX signal is delayed by the POTT RX PICKUP DELAY, then terminated at TRANS
BLOCK PICKUP DELAY after the pickup of the original POTT TX signal, and eventually locked-out for TRANS BLOCK RESET
DELAY.

TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY:

This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the POTT scheme for coping with the exposure of a
ground directional overcurrent function (if used) to current reversal conditions (see the TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY).
This delay should be selected long enough to cope with transient conditions including not only current reversals but also
spurious negative- and zero-sequence currents occurring during breaker operations. The breaker failure time of the sur-
rounding protection systems within the reach of the ground directional function used by the POTT scheme may be consid-
ered to make sure that the ground directional function is not jeopardized during delayed breaker operations.
ECHO DURATION:
This setting defines the guaranteed and exact duration of the echo pulse. The duration does not depend on the duration
and shape of the received RX signal. This setting enables the relay to avoid a permanent lock-up of the transmit/receive
loop.
ECHO LOCKOUT:
This setting defines the lockout period for the echo logic after sending the echo pulse.

5-166 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

LINE END OPEN PICKUP DELAY:

This setting defines the pickup setting for validation of the line end open conditions as detected by the Line Pickup logic
through the LINE PICKUP LEO PKP FlexLogic™ operand. The validated line end open condition is a requirement for the
POTT scheme to return a received echo signal (if the ECHO feature is enabled). The value of this setting should take into
account the principle of operation and settings of the Line Pickup element.
POTT SEAL-IN DELAY:
The output FlexLogic™ operand (POTT OP) is produced according to the POTT scheme logic. A seal-in time delay is
applied to this operand for coping with noisy communication channels. The POTT SEAL-IN DELAY defines a minimum guaran-
teed duration of the POTT OP pulse. As this operand activates the Trip Table of the POTT scheme, the trip operands POTT
TRIP A, B, C and 3P are sealed-in for the same period of time.
GND DIR O/C FWD:
This setting defines the FlexLogic™ operand (if any) of a protection element that is used in addition to the Zone 2 for iden-
tifying faults on the protected line, and thus, for keying the communication channel and initiating operation of the scheme.
Good directional integrity is the key requirement for an over-reaching forward-looking protection element used as GND DIR
O/C FWD. Even though any FlexLogic™ operand could be used as GND DIR O/C FWD allowing the user to combine responses
of various protection elements, or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic™ equations, this extra signal is primarily
meant to be the output operand from either the Negative-Sequence Directional IOC or Neutral Directional IOC. Both of
these elements have separate forward (FWD) and reverse (REV) output operands. The forward indication should be used
(NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD or NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD).
POTT NO OF COMM BITS:
This setting specifies the number of bits of the communications channel available for the scheme. The transmit codes and
Trip Tables of the POTT scheme are the same as those for the permissive under-reaching transfer trip scheme. Please
refer to the description of the PUTT scheme for more information. 5
POTT RX1 THROUGH POTT RX4:
These settings allow the user to select the FlexLogic™ operands that represent the receive signals for the scheme. Typi-
cally input contacts interfacing with a signaling system are used. In single-bit applications, POTT RX1 must be used. In two-
bit applications, POTT RX1 and POTT RX2 must be used. In four-bit applications, POTT RX1, POTT RX2, POTT RX3, and POTT
RX4 must be used.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-167

 5

5-168
SETTING
POTT SCHEME
FUNCTION:
Disabled = 0
Enabled = 1

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AND

AND
PH DIST Z2 PKP
5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

OR
GND DIST Z2 PKP
SETTINGS
SETTING POTT SEAL-IN
DELAY:
GND DIR O/C FWD: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OR 0 POTT OP
AND t RST
Off = 0

SETTINGS POTT NO OF COMM

BITS:
POTT NO OF COMM SETTINGS
BITS: RUN
POTT RX PICKUP
DELAY: AND FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
POTT RX1: POTT TRIP A
AND
t PKP Phase TRIP TABLE
Off = 0 0 POTT TRIP B
Selector
RX POTT TRIP C
POTT RX2: POTT TRIP 3P
SETTINGS
Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
TRANS BLOCK PICKUP AND
DELAY: AR FORCE 3P TRIP
POTT RX3: OR
TRANS BLOCK RESET
Off = 0 DELAY: POTT NO OF COMM
BITS:

D60 Line Distance Relay

t PKP
POTT RX4: t RST OR RUN
Off = 0

Figure 5–99: POTT SCHEME LOGIC

SETTINGS
SETTINGS
LINE END OPEN PICKUP TRANSMIT TABLE
DELAY: ECHO DURATION:
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
t PKP
LINE PICKUP LEO PKP POTT TX1
0 ECHO LOCKOUT:
POTT TX2
SETTING AND Echo duration and lockout logic RUN POTT TX3
POTT TX4
POTT PERMISSIVE ECHO:

Disabled = 0
RX ECHO TABLE
Enabled = 1
Phase
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND Selector
AR FORCE 3P TRIP 837014AB.CDR
5 SETTINGS

GE Multilin
 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

d) HYBRID PERMISSIVE OVER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" PILOT SCHEMES !" HYBRID POTT SCHEME

# HYBRID POTT SCHEME HYB POTT SCHEME Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
HYB POTT PERMISSIVE Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
ECHO: Disabled
HYB POTT RX PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.000 s
TRANS BLOCK PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.020 s
TRANS BLOCK RESET Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.090 s
ECHO DURATION: Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
0.100 s
ECHO LOCKOUT: Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
0.250 s
HYB POTT SEAL-IN Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.010 s
GND DIR O/C FWD: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
GND DIR O/C REV: Range: FlexLogic™ operand 5
MESSAGE
Off
HYB POTT NO OF COMM Range: 1, 2, or 4
MESSAGE
BITS: 1
HYB POTT RX1: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
HYB POTT RX2: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
HYB POTT RX3: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
HYB POTT RX4: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
HYB POTT SCHEME Range: Self-Reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
TARGET: Self-Reset
HYB POTT EVENT: Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
Disabled

Generally, this scheme uses an overreaching Zone 2 distance element to essentially compare the direction to a fault at all
terminals of the line. Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the D60 can be used in conjunction with the Zone
2 distance element to key the scheme and initiate operation. This increases the coverage for high-resistance faults.
The scheme is intended for three-terminal applications and for weak-infeed conditions. As a long reach of the overreaching
distance element may be required for three-terminal applications, transient blocking logic is provided for both distance and
ground directional overcurrent elements. In order to cope with weak-infeed conditions an echo feature is made available.
By default the scheme uses the reverse-looking Zone 4 distance element to identify reverse faults. Additionally, reverse-
looking ground directional overcurrent functions can be used in conjunction with the Zone 4.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-169

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

For proper operation, the Zone 2 and 4 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set per rules
of distance relaying. The Line Pickup element should be enabled, configured and set properly to detect line-end-open/
weak-infeed and undervoltage conditions. If used by the scheme, the selected ground directional overcurrent function(s)
must be enabled, configured, and set accordingly.
In single-pole tripping applications, the scheme uses local fault type identification provided by the Phase Selector together
with information received from the remote terminal. The scheme generates output operands (HYBRID POTT TX1 through
HYBRID POTT TX4) that are used to transmit the signal to the remote terminal(s). Choices of communications channel
include Remote Inputs/Outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the out-
put operand should be assigned to operate an output contact connected to key the transmitter at the interface. When used
with telecommunications facilities the output operands should be assigned to operate output contacts connected to assert
the individual bits at the interface.
To make the scheme fully operational as a stand-alone feature, the scheme output operands must be configured to inter-
face with other relay functions, output contacts in particular. Typically, the output operands should be programmed to ini-
tiate a trip, breaker fail, and autoreclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application.
When used in conjunction with the Trip Output element, the scheme is pre-configured to initiate trip, breaker fail and single-
pole autoreclose actions.
HYB POTT PERMISSIVE ECHO:
If set to "Enabled" this setting will result in sending a permissive echo signal to the remote end(s) under certain conditions.
(See the THEORY OF OPERATION chapter). The echo is sent only once and then the echo logic locks out for the time
specified by the ECHO LOCKOUT. The duration of the echo pulse is settable as ECHO DURATION.
The echo is sent back only if none of the overreaching protection elements operates.
HYB POTT RX PICKUP DELAY:

5 This setting enables the relay to cope with spurious received signals. The delay should be set longer than the longest spu-
rious TX signal that can be received simultaneously with the Zone 2 pickup. The selected delay will increase the response
time of the scheme.
TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY:
This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the Hybrid POTT scheme for coping with the exposure of
both the over-reaching Zone 2 and ground directional overcurrent function to current reversal conditions.
The transient blocking logic applies to both operate (trip) and send (transmit) paths. Identifying the fault as a reverse fault
prevents the scheme from both operating and keying the channel. If the reverse fault condition prevails for TRANS BLOCK
PICKUP DELAY, the blocking operation will be extended by the transient blocking timer for TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY. This
allows riding through current reversal conditions.
However, if distance Zone 1 picks up during the transient blocking condition, the blocking action is removed. This is to cope
with evolving faults when an external fault is followed by an internal fault. Without the Zone 1 feedback, the trip would be
delayed unnecessarily.
The TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY should not be longer than the fastest possible trip time for faults on an adjacent line so
that extended blocking action could be established. This should take into account the pickup time of the reverse-looking
elements of the scheme.
The delay defined by this setting should not be too short in order to avoid locking up a spurious reverse fault indication that
can occur during internal fault conditions.
TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY:
This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the Hybrid POTT scheme for coping with the exposure of
the overreaching protection functions to current reversal conditions (see also the TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY).
This delay should be selected long enough to cope with transient conditions including not only current reversals but also
spurious negative- and zero-sequence currents occurring during breaker operations (in the case when Neutral Directional
or Negative-Sequence Directional overcurrent functions are used). The breaker failure time of the surrounding protection
systems within the reach of the ground directional function used by the Hybrid POTT scheme should be considered to
make sure that the ground directional function is not jeopardized during delayed breaker operations.

5-170 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

ECHO DURATION:
This setting defines the guaranteed and exact duration of the echo pulse. The duration is not dependent on the duration
and shape of received RX signals. This setting enables the relay to avoid a permanent lock-up of the transmit/receive loop.
ECHO LOCKOUT:
This setting defines the lockout period for the echo logic after sending the echo pulse. This setting enables the relay to
avoid oscillations of the echo pulses during an autoreclosure dead-time after clearing an internal fault.
POTT SEAL-IN DELAY:
The output FlexLogic™ operand (HYB POTT OP) is produced according to the HYBRID POTT scheme logic. The POTT
SEAL-IN DELAY defines a minimum guaranteed duration of the HYB POTT OP pulse. As this operand runs the Trip Table of
the Hybrid POTT scheme, the trip operands HYB POTT TRIP A, B, C and 3P are sealed-in for the same period of time.
GND DIR O/C FWD:
This setting defines the FlexLogic™ operand (if any) of a protection element that is used in addition to Zone 2 for identifying
faults on the protected line, and thus, for keying the communication channel and initiating operation of the scheme (both
through the transient blocking logic). Good directional integrity is the key requirement for an over-reaching forward-looking
protection element used as GND DIR O/C FWD.
Even though any FlexLogic™ operand could be used as GND DIR O/C FWD enabling the user to combine responses of vari-
ous protection elements or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic™ equations, this extra signal is primarily meant to
be the output operand from either the Negative-Sequence Directional IOC or Neutral Directional IOC. Both these elements
have separate forward (FWD) and reverse (REV) output operands. The forward indication should be used (NEG SEQ DIR
OC1 FWD or NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD).

The selected protection element (or elements in combination) should be coordinated with the selection of GND DIR O/C REV.
For all the forward external faults seen by an element used as GND DIR O/C FWD at one end of the line, the reverse-looking
element used as GND DIR O/C REV at the other end should pickup and provide a blocking signal. 5
GND DIR O/C REV:
This setting defines the FlexLogic™ operand (if any) of a protection element that is used in addition to zone 4 for identifying
reverse faults, and thus, for stopping the transmit signal and initiating the transient blocking timer.
Good directional integrity is the key requirement for a reverse-looking protection element used as GND DIR O/C REV.
Even though any FlexLogic™ operand could be used as GND DIR O/C REV enabling the user to combine responses of vari-
ous protection elements or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic™ equations, this extra signal is primarily meant to
be the output operand from either the Negative Sequence Directional IOC or Neutral Directional IOC. Both these elements
have separate forward (FWD) and reverse (REV) output operands. The reverse indication should be used (NEG SEQ DIR
OC1 REV or NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV).

The selected protection element (or elements in combination) should be coordinated with the selection of GND DIR O/C FWD.
For all the forward external faults seen by an element used as GND DIR O/C FWD at one end of the line, the reverse-looking
element used as GND DIR O/C REV at the other end should pickup and provide a blocking signal.
HYB POTT NO OF COMM BITS:
This setting specifies the number of bits of the communications channel available for the scheme. The transmit codes and
Trip Table of the Hybrid POTT scheme are the same as those for the permissive under-reaching transfer trip scheme.
Please refer to the description of the PUTT scheme for more information.
HYB POTT RX1 THROUGH HYB POTT RX4:
These settings allow the user to select the FlexLogic™ operands that represent the receive signals for the scheme. Typi-
cally input contacts interfacing with a signaling system are used. In single-bit applications, HYB POTT RX1 must be used.
In two-bit applications, HYB POTT RX1 and HYB POTT RX2 must be used. In four-bit applications, HYB POTT RX1, HYB POTT
RX2, HYB POTT RX3, and HYB POTT RX4 must be used.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-171

 5
SETTING

GND DIR O/C FWD:

5-172
Off = 0

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS OR
PH DIST Z2 PKP
GND DIST Z2 PKP

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OR
LINE PICKUP LEO PKP

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OPEN POLE OP
AND
5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

SETTING
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND HYB POTT SEAL-IN
LINE PICKUP UV PKP DELAY:
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND 0
AND HYB POTT OP
SETTING t RST
HYB POTT SCHEME
FUNCTION: HYB POTT NO OF
Disabled=0 SETTING COMM BITS:
Enabled=1 HYB POTT RX PICKUP RUN FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
DELAY: Phase HYB POTT TRIP A
SETTINGS t PKP Selector
HYB POTT TRIP B
RX TRIP TABLE
HYB POTT NO OF 0 HYB POTT TRIP C
COMM BITS:
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND HYB POTT TRIP 3P
HYB POTT RX1: AND AR FORCE 3P TRIP

Off = 0

HYB POTT RX2:

Off = 0

HYB POTT RX3: OR

Off = 0

D60 Line Distance Relay

HYB POTT RX4: SETTINGS

Off = 0 ECHO DURATION:

Figure 5–100: HYBRID POTT SCHEME

HYB POTT NO OF
SETTING ECHO LOCKOUT:
COMM BITS:
HYB HYB POTT PERMISSIVE
Echo duration and AND RUN
ECHO: AND lockout logic
Disabled=0
Enabled=1 ECHO TABLE

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
HYB POTT TX1
RUN
SETTINGS HYB POTT TX2
SETTING
TRANS BLOCK PICKUP HYB POTT TX3
AND
GND DIR O/C REV: DELAY: OR HYB POTT TX4
RX
TRANS BLOCK RESET
Off = 0 TRANSMIT TABLE
DELAY: Phase
t PKP Selector
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS OR OR
t RST FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
PH DIST Z4 PKP
GND DIST Z4 PKP AR FORCE 3P TRIP
837015AC.CDR
PH DIST Z1 PKP
5 SETTINGS

GND DIST Z1 PKP

GE Multilin
 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

e) DIRECTIONAL COMPARISON BLOCKING

PATH: SETTINGS !" CONTROL ELEMENTS !" PILOT SCHEMES !" BLOCKING SCHEME

# BLOCKING SCHEME BLOCKING SCHEME Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
BLOCK RX CO-ORD PKP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.010 s
TRANS BLOCK PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.030 s
TRANS BLOCK RESET Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.090 s
BLOCK SCHEME SEAL-IN Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
DELAY: 0.010 s
GND DIR O/C FWD: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
GND DIR O/C REV: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BLOCK SCHEME NO OF Range: 1, 2, or 4
MESSAGE
COMM BITS: 1
BLOCK SCHEME RX1: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BLOCK SCHEME RX2: Range: FlexLogic™ operand 5
MESSAGE
Off
BLOCK SCHEME RX3: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BLOCK SCHEME RX4: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
BLOCK SCHEME EVENT: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off

Generally, the scheme compares the direction to a fault at all terminals of the line. Unlike the permissive schemes, the
absence of a blocking signal permits operation of the scheme. Consequently, the scheme is biased toward dependability
and requires an "on/off" type of signaling.
By default this scheme uses only a forward-looking over-reaching Zone 2 distance element to identify forward faults.
Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the Zone 2 distance element
to increase the coverage for high-resistance faults. Also by default, only a reverse-looking Zone 4 distance element to iden-
tify reverse faults. Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the Zone
4 distance element for better time and sensitivity coordination.
For proper operation, the Zone 2 and 4 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set per rules
of distance relaying. If used by this scheme, the selected ground directional overcurrent function(s) must be enabled, con-
figured and set accordingly.
In single-pole tripping applications, the scheme uses local fault type identification provided by the Phase Selector together
with information received from the remote terminal.
The scheme generates output operands (DIR BLOCK TX INIT and DIR BLOCK TX1 STOP through DIR BLOCK TX4
STOP) that control the transmission of signals to the remote end(s). When used with telecommunications facilities the out-
put operands should be assigned to operate output contacts connected to key the transmitter at the interface.
The output operand from the scheme (DIR BLOCK A, B, C and 3P) must be configured to interface with other relay func-
tions, output contacts in particular, in order to make the scheme fully operational. Typically, the output operand should be
programmed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and autoreclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-173

 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS

To make the scheme fully operational as a stand-alone feature, the scheme output operands must be configured to inter-
face with other relay functions, output contacts in particular. Typically, the output operands should be programmed to ini-
tiate a trip, breaker fail, and autoreclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application.
When used in conjunction with the Trip Output element, the scheme is pre-configured to initiate trip, breaker fail, and single-
pole autoreclose actions.
BLOCK RX CO-ORD PKP DELAY:
This setting defines a delay for the forward-looking protection elements used by the scheme for coordination with the block-
ing response from the remote end(s). This setting should include both the response time of the protection elements used to
establish a blocking signal and the total transmission time of that signal including the relay communications equipment
interfacing and the communications channel itself.
TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY:
This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the Blocking scheme for coping with the exposure of
both the over-reaching Zone 2 and ground directional overcurrent function to current reversal conditions.
The transient blocking logic applies to the send path only. Identifying the fault as a reverse fault establishes the blocking
signal. If the reverse fault condition prevails for TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY, the blocking operation will be extended by the
transient blocking timer for TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY. This allows riding through current reversal conditions.
However, if Zone 1 picks up during the transient blocking condition, the blocking action is removed. This is done to cope
with evolving faults when an external fault is followed by an internal fault. Without the Zone 1 feedback, the trip would be
unneccessarily delayed.
The TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY should not be longer than the fastest possible trip time for faults on an adjacent line so
that the extended blocking action could be established. This should take into account the pickup time of the reverse-looking
elements of the scheme. The delay defined by this setting should not be too short in order to avoid locking up a spurious
5 reverse fault indication that can occur during internal fault conditions.
TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY:
This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the Blocking scheme for coping with the exposure of the
overreaching protection functions to current reversal conditions (see also the TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY).
This delay should be selected long enough to cope with transient conditions including not only current reversals but also
spurious negative and zero-sequence currents occurring during breaker operations (in the case when Neutral Directional or
Negative Sequence Directional overcurrent functions are used). Breaker failure time of the surrounding protection systems
within the reach of the ground directional function used by the Blocking scheme should be considered to make sure that the
ground directional function is not jeopardized during delayed breaker operations.
BLOCK SCHEME SEAL-IN DELAY:
The output FlexLogic™ operand (DIR BLOCK OP) is produced according to the Blocking scheme logic. The BLOCK
SCHEME SEAL-IN DELAY defines a minimum guaranteed duration of the DIR BLOCK OP pulse. As this operand runs the Trip
Table of the Blocking scheme, the trip operands DIR BLOCK TRIP A, B, C and 3P are sealed-in for the same period of time.
GND DIR O/C FWD:
This setting defines the FlexLogic™ operand (if any) of a protection element used in addition to zone 2 for identifying faults
on the protected line, and thus, for initiating operation of the scheme. Good directional integrity is the key requirement for
an over-reaching forward-looking protection element used as GND DIR O/C FWD.
Even though any FlexLogic™ operand could be used as GND DIR O/C FWD enabling the user to combine responses of vari-
ous protection elements or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic™ equations, this extra signal is primarily meant to
be the output operand from either the Negative-Sequence Directional IOC or Neutral Directional IOC. Both these elements
have separate forward (FWD) and reverse (REV) output operands.
The forward indication should be used (NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD or NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD).
The selected protection element (or elements in combination) should be coordinated with the selection of GND DIR O/C REV.
For all the forward external faults seen by an element used as GND DIR O/C FWD at one end of the line, the reverse-looking
element used as GND DIR O/C REV at the other end should pickup and provide a blocking signal.

5-174 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

GND DIR O/C REV:

This setting defines the FlexLogic™ operand (if any) of a protection element that is used in addition to zone 4 for identifying
reverse faults, and thus, for initiating the blocking signal. Either reverse-looking directional or non-directional overcurrent
protection element may be used as GND DIR O/C REV.
Even though any FlexLogic™ operand could be used as GND DIR O/C REV, enabling the user to combine responses of vari-
ous protection elements or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic™ equations, this extra signal is primarily meant to
be the output operand from either the Negative Sequence Directional IOC, Neutral Directional IOC, or a non-directional
IOC.
The selected protection element (or elements in combination) should be coordinated with the selection of GND DIR O/C FWD.
For all the forward external faults seen by an element used as GND DIR O/C FWD at one end of the line, the reverse-looking
element used as GND DIR O/C REV at the other end should pickup and provide a blocking signal.
BLOCK SCHEME NO OF COMM BITS:
This setting specifies the number of bits of the communications channel available for the scheme.
With only one bit available, the scheme sends the blocking signal by asserting the DIR BLOCK TX INIT FlexLogic™ oper-
and. This operand should be used to start the channel (set the blocking signal). On internal faults, the scheme removes the
blocking signal by asserting the DIR BLOCK TX1 FlexLogic™ operand.
For tripping the scheme responds to lack of the blocking signal on bit no. 1 (BLOCK SCHEME RX1 setting). The scheme uses
only local fault type identification provided by the Phase Selector to assert the Output Operands DUTT TRIP A, B, C and
3P. Please refer to the THEORY OF OPERATION chapter for more information on communications.
To take advantage of the four-bit blocking scheme, the blocking signals should be initiated from a disturbance detector. This
can be accomplished by using both 50DD and DIR BLOCK TX INIT to assert the blocking signal. Subsequently, specific
bits will be de-asserted by the scheme based on the phase selection providing the peer relay with more information on the
fault type. Otherwise, the peer relay issues a three-pole trip upon receiving the bit pattern (0,0,0,0). 5
BLOCK SCHEME RX1 THROUGH BLOCK SCHEME RX4:
These settings allow the user to select the FlexLogic™ operands that represent the receive signals for the scheme. Typi-
cally input contacts interfacing with a signaling system are used.
In single-bit applications, BLOCK SCHEME RX1 must be used. In two-bit applications, BLOCK SCHEME RX1 and BLOCK SCHEME
RX2 must be used. In four-bit applications, BLOCK SCHEME RX1, BLOCK SCHEME RX2, BLOCK SCHEME RX3, and BLOCK
SCHEME RX4 must be used.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-175

 5

5-176
SETTING
BLOCKING SCHEME
FUNCTION:
Disabled=0
SETTING
Enabled=1
BLOCKING RX CO-ORD PKP
DELAY:
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
PH DIST Z2 PKP AND t PKP
5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

0
GND DIST Z2 PKP

SETTING OR

GND DIR O/C FWD:

SETTING
Off = 0
BLOCK SCHEME
SEAL-IN DELAY:
SETTING FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
0
SETTING AND t RST DIR BLOCK OP
BLOCK SCHEME NO OF
COMM BITS: BLOCK SCHEME NO OF BLOCK SCHEME NO OF
COMM BITS: COMM BITS:
BLOCKING SCHEME RX1:
RUN RUN FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
Off = 0
Phase DIR BLOCK TRIP A
Selector
BLOCKING SCHEME RX2: DIR BLOCK TRIP B
RX TRIP TABLE
DIR BLOCK TRIP C
Off = 0 TRIP TABLE
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND DIR BLOCK TRIP 3P
PATTERN RECEIVED
BLOCKING SCHEME RX3: (See Chapter 8) AR FORCE 3P TRIP
Off = 0

BLOCKING SCHEME RX4:

Off = 0 BLOCK SCHEME NO OF

COMM BITS:

D60 Line Distance Relay

AND RUN FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
Phase DIR BLOCK TX1 STOP
Selector
DIR BLOCK TX2 STOP
SETTING RX TRANSMIT TABLE
DIR BLOCK TX3 STOP
GND DIR O/C REV. FLEXLOGIC OPERAND DIR BLOCK TX4 STOP

Off = 0 AR FORCE 3P TRIP

AND
OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS SETTINGS
PH DIST Z4 PKP
TRANS BLOCK PICKUP FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
GND DIST Z4 PKP DELAY:
OR DIR BLOCK TX INIT
TRANS BLOCK RESET

Figure 5–101: DIRECTIONAL COMPARISON BLOCKING SCHEME LOGIC

DELAY:
t PKP
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS t RST
OR
PH DIST Z1 PKP
OR 837016AA.CDR
GND DIST Z1 PKP
5 SETTINGS

GE Multilin
 5 SETTINGS 5.7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS

5.7INPUTS / OUTPUTS 5.7.1 CONTACT INPUTS

PATH: SETTINGS !" INPUTS/OUTPUTS ! CONTACT INPUTS

# CONTACT INPUTS
#

# CONTACT INPUT H5a

#

CONTACT INPUT H5a ID: Range: up to 12 alphanumeric characters

MESSAGE
Cont Ip 1

CONTACT INPUT H5a Range: 0.0 to 16.0 ms in steps of 0.5

MESSAGE
DEBNCE TIME: 2.0 ms

CONTACT INPUT H5a Range: Disabled, Enabled

MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled
↓

# CONTACT INPUT xxx

#

# CONTACT INPUT
# THRESHOLDS

Ips H5a,H5c,H6a,H6c Range: 17, 33, 84, 166 Vdc

MESSAGE
THRESHOLD: 33 Vdc
Range: 17, 33, 84, 166 Vdc
5
Ips H7a,H7c,H8a,H8c
MESSAGE
THRESHOLD: 33 Vdc
↓

Ips xxx,xxx,xxx,xxx Range: 17, 33, 84, 166 Vdc

MESSAGE
THRESHOLD: 33 Vdc

The contact inputs menu contains configuration settings for each contact input as well as voltage thresholds for each group
of four contact inputs. Upon startup, the relay processor determines (from an assessment of the installed modules) which
contact inputs are available and then display settings for only those inputs.
An alphanumeric ID may be assigned to a contact input for diagnostic, setting, and event recording purposes. The "Contact
Ip X On" (Logic 1) FlexLogic™ operand corresponds to contact input "X" being closed, while "Contact Input X Off" corre-
sponds to contact input "X" being open. The CONTACT INPUT DEBNCE TIME defines the time required for the contact to over-
come ’contact bouncing’ conditions. As this time differs for different contact types and manufacturers, set it as a maximum
contact debounce time (per manufacturer specifications) plus some margin to ensure proper operation. If CONTACT INPUT
EVENTS is set to "Enabled", every change in the contact input state will trigger an event.

A raw status is scanned for all Contact Inputs synchronously at the constant rate of 0.5 ms as shown in the figure below.
The DC input voltage is compared to a user-settable threshold. A new contact input state must be maintained for a user-
settable debounce time in order for the D60 to validate the new contact state. In the figure below, the debounce time is set
at 2.5 ms; thus the 6th sample in a row validates the change of state (mark no.1 in the diagram). Once validated (de-
bounced), the contact input asserts a corresponding FlexLogic™ operand and logs an event as per user setting.
A time stamp of the first sample in the sequence that validates the new state is used when logging the change of the con-
tact input into the Event Recorder (mark no. 2 in the diagram).
Protection and control elements, as well as FlexLogic™ equations and timers, are executed eight times in a power system
cycle. The protection pass duration is controlled by the frequency tracking mechanism. The FlexLogic™ operand reflecting
the debounced state of the contact is updated at the protection pass following the validation (marks no. 3 and 4 on the fig-
ure below). The update is performed at the beginning of the protection pass so all protection and control functions, as well
as FlexLogic™ equations, are fed with the updated states of the contact inputs.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-177

 5.7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS 5 SETTINGS

The FlexLogic™ operand response time to the contact input change is equal to the debounce time setting plus up to one
protection pass (variable and depending on system frequency if frequency tracking enabled). If the change of state occurs
just after a protection pass, the recognition is delayed until the subsequent protection pass; that is, by the entire duration of
the protection pass. If the change occurs just prior to a protection pass, the state is recognized immediately. Statistically a
delay of half the protection pass is expected. Owing to the 0.5 ms scan rate, the time resolution for the input contact is
below 1msec.
For example, 8 protection passes per cycle on a 60 Hz system correspond to a protection pass every 2.1 ms. With a con-
tact debounce time setting of 3.0 ms, the FlexLogic™ operand-assert time limits are: 3.0 + 0.0 = 3.0 ms and 3.0 + 2.1 = 5.1
ms. These time limits depend on how soon the protection pass runs after the debouncing time.
Regardless of the contact debounce time setting, the contact input event is time-stamped with a 1 µs accuracy using the
time of the first scan corresponding to the new state (mark no. 2 below). Therefore, the time stamp reflects a change in the
DC voltage across the contact input terminals that was not accidental as it was subsequently validated using the debounce
timer. Keep in mind that the associated FlexLogic™ operand is asserted/de-asserted later, after validating the change.
The debounce algorithm is symmetrical: the same procedure and debounce time are used to filter the LOW-HIGH (marks
no.1, 2, 3, and 4 in the figure below) and HIGH-LOW (marks no. 5, 6, 7, and 8 below) transitions.
VOLTAGE
INPUT

USER-PROGRAMMABLE THRESHOLD

6
2 1 3 5
Time stamp of the first

5
TM
Time stamp of the first At this time, the The FlexLogic scan corresponding to the
At this time, the new
scan corresponding to new (HIGH) operand is going to new validated state is
(LOW) contact state is
the new validated state is contact state is be asserted at this logged in the SOE record
validated
logged in the SOE record validated protection pass

7
RAW CONTACT

The FlexLogicTM
operand is going to be
STATE

de-asserted at this
protection pass
DEBOUNCE TIME
(user setting)

4
The FlexLogicTM operand
DEBOUNCE TIME
The FlexLogicTM operand changes reflecting the
SCAN TIME (user setting)
changes reflecting the validated contact state
FLEXLOGICTM

(0.5 msec) validated contact state

OPERAND

PROTECTION PASS
(8 times a cycle controlled by the
frequency tracking mechanism)
842709A1.cdr

Figure 5–102: INPUT CONTACT DEBOUNCING MECHANISM AND TIME-STAMPING SAMPLE TIMING
Contact inputs are isolated in groups of four to allow connection of wet contacts from different voltage sources for each
group. The CONTACT INPUT THRESHOLDS determine the minimum voltage required to detect a closed contact input. This
value should be selected according to the following criteria: 16 for 24 V sources, 30 for 48 V sources, 80 for 110 to 125 V
sources and 140 for 250 V sources.
For example, to use contact input H5a as a status input from the breaker 52b contact to seal-in the trip relay and record it in
the Event Records menu, make the following settings changes:
CONTACT INPUT H5A ID: "Breaker Closed (52b)"
CONTACT INPUT H5A EVENTS: "Enabled"

Note that the 52b contact is closed when the breaker is open and open when the breaker is closed.

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 5 SETTINGS 5.7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS

5.7.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS

PATH: SETTINGS !" INPUTS/OUTPUTS !" VIRTUAL INPUTS !

# VIRTUAL INPUT 1 VIRTUAL INPUT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
VIRTUAL INPUT 1 ID: Range: Up to 12 alphanumeric characters
MESSAGE
Virt Ip 1
VIRTUAL INPUT 1 Range: Self-Reset, Latched
MESSAGE
TYPE: Latched
VIRTUAL INPUT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

# VIRTUAL INPUT 2
As above for Virtual Input 1
#
↓ ↓
# VIRTUAL INPUT 32
As above for Virtual Input 1
#

# UCA SBO TIMER UCA SBO TIMEOUT: Range: 1 to 60 s in steps of 1

# 30 s

There are 32 virtual inputs that can be individually programmed to respond to input signals from the keypad (COMMANDS
menu) and communications protocols. All virtual input operands are defaulted to OFF = 0 unless the appropriate input sig-
5
nal is received. Virtual input states are preserved through a control power loss.
If the VIRTUAL INPUT x FUNCTION is to "Disabled", the input will be forced to 'OFF' (Logic 0) regardless of any attempt to alter
the input. If set to "Enabled", the input operates as shown on the logic diagram and generates output FlexLogic™ operands
in response to received input signals and the applied settings.
There are two types of operation: Self-Reset and Latched. If VIRTUAL INPUT x TYPE is "Self-Reset", when the input signal
transits from OFF = 0 to ON = 1, the output operand will be set to ON = 1 for only one evaluation of the FlexLogic™ equa-
tions and then return to OFF = 0. If set to "Latched", the virtual input sets the state of the output operand to the same state
as the most recent received input, ON =1 or OFF = 0.
The "Self-Reset" operating mode generates the output operand for a single evaluation of the FlexLogic™
equations. If the operand is to be used anywhere other than internally in a FlexLogic™ equation, it will
NOTE
likely have to be lengthened in time. A FlexLogic™ timer with a delayed reset can perform this function.
The Select-Before-Operate timer sets the interval from the receipt of an Operate signal to the automatic de-selection of the
virtual input, so that an input does not remain selected indefinitely (used only with the UCA Select-Before-Operate feature).

SETTING
VIRTUAL INPUT 1
FUNCTION:
Disabled=0
Enabled=1 S
AND
Latch
“Virtual Input 1 to ON = 1”
SETTING
“Virtual Input 1 to OFF = 0” R VIRTUAL INPUT 1 ID:
AND
SETTING (Flexlogic Operand)
OR
Virt Ip 1
VIRTUAL INPUT 1
TYPE:
Latched AND
Self - Reset 827080A2.CDR

Figure 5–103: VIRTUAL INPUTS SCHEME LOGIC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-179

 5.7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS 5 SETTINGS

5.7.3 CONTACT OUTPUTS

PATH: SETTINGS !" INPUTS/OUTPUTS !" CONTACT OUTPUTS ! CONTACT OUTPUT H1

# CONTACT OUTPUT H1 CONTACT OUTPUT H1 ID Range: Up to 12 alphanumeric characters

# Cont Op 1
OUTPUT H1 OPERATE: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
OUTPUT H1 SEAL-IN: Range: FlexLogic™ operand
MESSAGE
Off
CONTACT OUTPUT H1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Enabled

Upon startup of the relay, the main processor will determine from an assessment of the modules installed in the chassis
which contact outputs are available and present the settings for only these outputs.
An ID may be assigned to each contact output. The signal that can OPERATE a contact output may be any FlexLogic™
operand (virtual output, element state, contact input, or virtual input). An additional FlexLogic™ operand may be used to
SEAL-IN the relay. Any change of state of a contact output can be logged as an Event if programmed to do so.
EXAMPLE:
The trip circuit current is monitored by providing a current threshold detector in series with some Form-A contacts (see the
TRIP CIRCUIT EXAMPLE in the DIGITAL ELEMENTS section). The monitor will set a flag (see the Specifications for Form-
A). The name of the FlexLogic™ operand set by the monitor, consists of the output relay designation, followed by the name

5 of the flag; e.g. ‘Cont Op 1 IOn’ or ‘Cont Op 1 IOff’.

In most breaker control circuits, the trip coil is connected in series with a breaker auxiliary contact used to interrupt current
flow after the breaker has tripped, to prevent damage to the less robust initiating contact. This can be done by monitoring
an auxiliary contact on the breaker which opens when the breaker has tripped, but this scheme is subject to incorrect oper-
ation caused by differences in timing between breaker auxiliary contact change-of-state and interruption of current in the
trip circuit. The most dependable protection of the initiating contact is provided by directly measuring current in the tripping
circuit, and using this parameter to control resetting of the initiating relay. This scheme is often called "trip seal-in".
This can be realized in the UR using the ‘Cont Op 1 IOn’ FlexLogic™ operand to seal-in the Contact Output as follows:
CONTACT OUTPUT H1 ID: "Cont Op 1"
OUTPUT H1 OPERATE: any suitable FlexLogic™ operand
OUTPUT H1 SEAL-IN: "Cont Op 1 IOn"
CONTACT OUTPUT H1 EVENTS: "Enabled"

5.7.4 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS

PATH: SETTINGS !" INPUTS/OUTPUTS !" VIRTUAL OUTPUTS ! VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1

# VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 ID Range: Up to 12 alphanumeric characters

# Virt Op 1
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

There are 64 virtual outputs that may be assigned via FlexLogic™. If not assigned, the output will be forced to ‘OFF’ (Logic
0). An ID may be assigned to each virtual output. Virtual outputs are resolved in each pass through the evaluation of the
FlexLogic™ equations. Any change of state of a virtual output can be logged as an event if programmed to do so.
For example, if Virtual Output 1 is the trip signal from FlexLogic™ and the trip relay is used to signal events, the settings
would be programmed as follows:
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 ID: "Trip"
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 EVENTS: "Disabled"

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 5 SETTINGS 5.7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS

5.7.5 REMOTE DEVICES

a) OVERVIEW
Remote inputs and outputs, which are a means of exchanging information regarding the state of digital points between
remote devices, are provided in accordance with the Electric Power Research Institute’s (EPRI) UCA2 “Generic Object Ori-
ented Substation Event (GOOSE)” specifications.
The UCA2 specification requires that communications between devices be implemented on Ethernet com-
munications facilities. For UR relays, Ethernet communications is provided only on the type 9C and 9D ver-
NOTE
sions of the CPU module.
The sharing of digital point state information between GOOSE equipped relays is essentially an extension to FlexLogic™ to
allow distributed FlexLogic™ by making operands available to/from devices on a common communications network. In
addition to digital point states, GOOSE messages identify the originator of the message and provide other information
required by the communication specification. All devices listen to network messages and capture data from only those mes-
sages that have originated in selected devices.
GOOSE messages are designed to be short, high priority and with a high level of reliability. The GOOSE message structure
contains space for 128 bit pairs representing digital point state information. The UCA specification provides 32 “DNA” bit
pairs, which are status bits representing pre-defined events. All remaining bit pairs are “UserSt” bit pairs, which are status
bits representing user-definable events. The UR implementation provides 32 of the 96 available UserSt bit pairs.
The UCA2 specification includes features that are used to cope with the loss of communication between transmitting and
receiving devices. Each transmitting device will send a GOOSE message upon a successful power-up, when the state of
any included point changes, or after a specified interval (the “default update” time) if a change-of-state has not occurred.
The transmitting device also sends a “hold time” which is set to three times the programmed default time, which is required
by the receiving device.
Receiving devices are constantly monitoring the communications network for messages they require, as recognized by the
identification of the originating device carried in the message. Messages received from remote devices include the mes-
5
sage “hold” time for the device. The receiving relay sets a timer assigned to the originating device to the “hold” time interval,
and if it has not received another message from this device at time-out, the remote device is declared to be non-communi-
cating, so it will use the programmed default state for all points from that specific remote device. This mechanism allows a
receiving device to fail to detect a single transmission from a remote device which is sending messages at the slowest pos-
sible rate, as set by its “default update” timer, without reverting to use of the programmed default states. If a message is
received from a remote device before the “hold” time expires, all points for that device are updated to the states contained
in the message and the hold timer is restarted. The status of a remote device, where ‘Offline’ indicates ‘non-communicat-
ing’, can be displayed.
The GOOSE facility provides for 32 remote inputs and 64 remote outputs.

b) LOCAL DEVICES: ID OF DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING GOOSE MESSAGES

In a UR relay, the device ID that identifies the originator of the message is programmed in the SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP
!" INSTALLATION !" RELAY NAME setting.

c) REMOTE DEVICES: ID OF DEVICE FOR RECEIVING GOOSE MESSAGES

PATH: SETTINGS !" INPUTS/OUTPUTS !" REMOTE DEVICES ! REMOTE DEVICE 1(16)

# REMOTE DEVICE 1 REMOTE DEVICE 1 ID: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters

# Remote Device 1

Sixteen Remote Devices, numbered from 1 to 16, can be selected for setting purposes. A receiving relay must be pro-
grammed to capture messages from only those originating remote devices of interest. This setting is used to select specific
remote devices by entering (bottom row) the exact identification (ID) assigned to those devices.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-181

 5.7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS 5 SETTINGS

5.7.6 REMOTE INPUTS

PATH: SETTINGS !" INPUTS/OUTPUTS !" REMOTE INPUTS ! REMOTE INPUT 1(32)

# REMOTE INPUT 1 REMOTE IN 1 DEVICE: Range: 1 to 16 inclusive

# Remote Device 1
REMOTE IN 1 BIT Range: None, DNA-1 to DNA-32, UserSt-1 to UserSt-32
MESSAGE
PAIR: None
REMOTE IN 1 DEFAULT Range: On, Off
MESSAGE
STATE: Off
REMOTE IN 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

Remote Inputs which create FlexLogic™ operands at the receiving relay, are extracted from GOOSE messages originating
in remote devices. The relay provides 32 Remote Inputs, each of which can be selected from a list consisting of 64 selec-
tions: DNA-1 through DNA-32 and UserSt-1 through UserSt-32. The function of DNA inputs is defined in the UCA2 specifi-
cations and is presented in the UCA2 DNA ASSIGNMENTS table in the Remote Outputs section. The function of UserSt
inputs is defined by the user selection of the FlexLogic™ operand whose state is represented in the GOOSE message. A
user must program a DNA point from the appropriate operand.
Remote Input 1 must be programmed to replicate the logic state of a specific signal from a specific remote device for local
use. This programming is performed via the three settings shown above.
REMOTE IN 1 DEVICE selects the number (1 to 16) of the Remote Device which originates the required signal, as previously
assigned to the remote device via the setting REMOTE DEVICE NN ID (see REMOTE DEVICES section). REMOTE IN 1 BIT PAIR
5 selects the specific bits of the GOOSE message required. REMOTE IN 1 DEFAULT STATE selects the logic state for this point if
the local relay has just completed startup or the remote device sending the point is declared to be non-communicating.
For more information on GOOSE specifications, see REMOTE INPUTS/OUTPUTS OVERVIEW in the
REMOTE DEVICES section.
NOTE

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 5 SETTINGS 5.7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS

5.7.7 REMOTE OUTPUTS: DNA BIT PAIRS

PATH: SETTINGS !" INPUTS/OUTPUTS !" REMOTE OUTPUTS DNA BIT PAIRS ! REMOTE OUPUTS DNA- 1 BIT PAIR

# REMOTE OUTPUTS DNA- 1 OPERAND: Range: FlexLogic™ Operand

# DNA- 1 BIT PAIR Off
DNA- 1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
Disabled
Remote Outputs (1 to 32) are FlexLogic™ operands inserted into GOOSE messages that are transmitted to remote
devices on a LAN. Each digital point in the message must be programmed to carry the state of a specific FlexLogic™ oper-
and. The above operand setting represents a specific DNA function (as shown in the following table) to be transmitted.
Table 5–22: UCA DNA2 ASSIGNMENTS
DNA DEFINITION INTENDED FUNCTION LOGIC 0 LOGIC 1
1 OperDev Trip Close
2 Lock Out LockoutOff LockoutOn
3 Initiate Reclosing Initiate remote reclose sequence InitRecloseOff InitRecloseOn
4 Block Reclosing Prevent/cancel remote reclose sequence BlockOff BlockOn
5 Breaker Failure Initiate Initiate remote breaker failure scheme BFIOff BFIOn
6 Send Transfer Trip Initiate remote trip operation TxXfrTripOff TxXfrTripOn
7 Receive Transfer Trip Report receipt of remote transfer trip command RxXfrTripOff RxXfrTripOn
8 Send Perm Report permissive affirmative TxPermOff TxPermOn
9 Receive Perm Report receipt of permissive affirmative RxPermOff RxPermOn
10
11
Stop Perm
Send Block
Override permissive affirmative
Report block affirmative
StopPermOff
TxBlockOff
StopPermOn
TxBlockOn
5
12 Receive Block Report receipt of block affirmative RxBlockOff RxBlockOn
13 Stop Block Override block affirmative StopBlockOff StopBlockOn
14 BkrDS Report breaker disconnect 3-phase state Open Closed
15 BkrPhsADS Report breaker disconnect phase A state Open Closed
16 BkrPhsBDS Report breaker disconnect phase B state Open Closed
17 BkrPhsCDS Report breaker disconnect phase C state Open Closed
18 DiscSwDS Open Closed
19 Interlock DS DSLockOff DSLockOn
20 LineEndOpen Report line open at local end Open Closed
21 Status Report operating status of local GOOSE device Offline Available
22 Event EventOff EventOn
23 Fault Present FaultOff FaultOn
24 Sustained Arc Report sustained arc SustArcOff SustArcOn
25 Downed Conductor Report downed conductor DownedOff DownedOn
26 Sync Closing SyncClsOff SyncClsOn
27 Mode Report mode status of local GOOSE device Normal Test
28→32 Reserved

For more information on GOOSE specifications, see REMOTE INPUTS/OUTPUTS OVERVIEW in the
REMOTE DEVICES section.
NOTE

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 5.7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS 5 SETTINGS

5.7.8 REMOTE OUTPUTS: USERST BIT PAIRS

PATH: SETTINGS !" INPUTS/OUTPUTS !" REMOTE OUTPUTS UserSt BIT PAIRS ! REMOTE OUTPUTS UserSt- 1 BIT PAIR

# REMOTE OUTPUTS UserSt- 1 OPERAND: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

# UserSt- 1 BIT PAIR Off
UserSt- 1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
Disabled

Remote Outputs 1 to 32 originate as GOOSE messages to be transmitted to remote devices. Each digital point in the mes-
sage must be programmed to carry the state of a specific FlexLogic™ operand. The setting above is used to select the
operand which represents a specific UserSt function (as selected by the user) to be transmitted.
The following setting represents the time between sending GOOSE messages when there has been no change of state of
any selected digital point. This setting is located in the PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICATIONS !" UCA/MMS PROTOCOL set-
tings menu.
DEFAULT GOOSE UPDATE Range: 1 to 60 s in steps of 1
TIME: 60 s

For more information on GOOSE specifications, see REMOTE INPUTS/OUTPUTS – OVERVIEW in the
REMOTE DEVICES section.
NOTE

5.7.9 RESETTING

PATH: SETTINGS !" INPUTS/OUTPUTS !" RESETTING

5 # RESETTING RESET OPERAND: Range: FlexLogic™ operand

# Off

Some events can be programmed to latch the faceplate LED event indicators and the target message on the display. Once
set, the latching mechanism will hold all of the latched indicators or messages in the set state after the initiating condition
has cleared until a RESET command is received to return these latches (not including FlexLogic™ latches) to the reset
state. The RESET command can be sent from the faceplate RESET button, a remote device via a communications chan-
nel, or any programmed operand.
When the RESET command is received by the relay, two FlexLogic™ operands are created. These operands, which are
stored as events, reset the latches if the initiating condition has cleared. The three sources of RESET commands each cre-
ate the FlexLogic™ operand "RESET OP". Each individual source of a RESET command also creates its individual oper-
and RESET OP (PUSHBUTTON), RESET OP (COMMS) or RESET OP (OPERAND) to identify the source of the
command. The setting shown above selects the operand that will create the RESET OP (OPERAND) operand.

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 5 SETTINGS 5.7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS

5.7.10 DIRECT INPUTS/OUTPUTS

a) DIRECT INPUTS
PATH: SETTINGS !" INPUTS/OUTPUTS !" DIRECT INPUTS ! DIRECT INPUT 1(32)

# DIRECT INPUT 1 DIRECT INPUT 1 Range: 1 to 8

# DEVICE ID: 1
DIRECT INPUT 1 Range: 1 to 32
MESSAGE
BIT NUMBER: 1
DIRECT INPUT 1 Range: On, Off
MESSAGE
DEFAULT STATE: Off
DIRECT INPUT 1 Range: Enabled, Disabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

This group of settings specifies how the Direct Input information is processed. The DIRECT INPUT DEVICE ID represents the
source of this Direct Input. The specified Direct Input is driven by the device identified here.
The DIRECT INPUT BIT NUMBER is the bit number from which to extract the state for this Direct Input. Direct Input x is driven
by the bit identified here as DIRECT INPUT BIT NUMBER. This corresponds to the Direct Output Number of the sending device.
The DIRECT INPUT DEFAULT STATE represents the state of the Direct Input when the associated Direct Device is offline.

b) DIRECT OUTPUTS
PATH: SETTINGS !" INPUTS/OUTPUTS !" DIRECT OUTPUTS ! DIRECT OUTPUT 1(32)

# DIRECT OUTPUT 1 Range: FlexLogic™ operand

#
DIRECT OUT 1 OPERAND:
Off 5
DIRECT OUTPUT 1 Range: Enabled, Disabled
MESSAGE
EVENTS: Disabled

The DIR OUT 1 OPERAND is the FlexLogic™ operand that determines the state of this Direct Output.

c) APPLICATION EXAMPLES
The examples introduced in the PRODUCT SETUP section for Direct I/Os are continued below to illustrate usage of the
Direct Inputs and Outputs.
EXAMPLE 1: EXTENDING I/O CAPABILITIES OF A D60 RELAY
Consider an application that requires additional quantities of digital inputs and/or output contacts and/or lines of program-
mable logic that exceed the capabilities of a single UR chassis. The problem is solved by adding an extra UR IED, such as
the C30, to satisfy the additional I/Os and programmable logic requirements. The two IEDs are connected via single-chan-
nel digital communication cards as shown below.

TX1
UR IED 1
RX1

TX1
UR IED 2
RX1

Figure 5–104: INPUT/OUTPUT EXTENSION VIA DIRECT I/OS

Assume Contact Input 1 from UR IED 2 is to be used by UR IED 1. The following settings should be applied (Direct Input 5
and bit number 12 are used, as an example):
UR IED 1: DIRECT INPUT 5 DEVICE ID = "2" UR IED 2: DIRECT OUT 12 OPERAND = "Cont Ip 1 On"
DIRECT INPUT 5 BIT NUMBER = "12"

The "Cont Ip 1 On" operand of UR IED 2 is now available in UR IED 1 as "DIRECT INPUT 5 ON".

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-185

 5.7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS 5 SETTINGS

EXAMPLE 2: INTERLOCKING BUSBAR PROTECTION

A simple interlocking busbar protection scheme can be accomplished by sending a blocking signal from downstream
devices, say 2, 3 and 4, to the upstream device that monitors a single incomer of the busbar, as shown in the figure below.

UR IED 1 BLOCK

UR IED 2 UR IED 3 UR IED 4

842712A1.CDR

Figure 5–105: SAMPLE INTERLOCKING BUSBAR PROTECTION SCHEME

Assume that Phase IOC1 is used by Devices 2, 3, and 4 to block Device 1. If not blocked, Device 1 would trip the bus upon
detecting a fault and applying a short coordination time delay.
The following settings should be applied (assume Bit 3 is used by all 3 devices to sent the blocking signal and Direct Inputs
7, 8, and 9 are used by the receiving device to monitor the three blocking signals):
UR IED 2: DIRECT OUT 3 OPERAND: "PHASE IOC1 OP"
UR IED 3: DIRECT OUT 3 OPERAND: "PHASE IOC1 OP"

5 UR IED 4: DIRECT OUT 3 OPERAND: "PHASE IOC1 OP"

UR IED 1: DIRECT INPUT 7 DEVICE ID: "2"
DIRECT INPUT 7 BIT NUMBER: "3"
DIRECT INPUT 7 DEFAULT STATE: select "On" for security, select "Off" for dependability

DIRECT INPUT 8 DEVICE ID: "3"

DIRECT INPUT 8 BIT NUMBER: "3"
DIRECT INPUT 8 DEFAULT STATE: select "On" for security, select "Off" for dependability

DIRECT INPUT 9 DEVICE ID: "4"

DIRECT INPUT 9 BIT NUMBER: "3"
DIRECT INPUT 9 DEFAULT STATE: select "On" for security, select "Off" for dependability
Now the three blocking signals are available in UR IED 1 as "DIRECT INPUT 7 ON", "DIRECT INPUT 8 ON", and "DIRECT
INPUT 9 ON". Upon losing communications or a device, the scheme is inclined to block (if any default state is set to "ON"),
or to trip the bus on any overcurrent condition (all default states set to "OFF").
EXAMPLE 2: PILOT-AIDED SCHEMES
Consider a three-terminal line protection application shown in the figure below.

UR IED 1 UR IED 2

UR IED 3
842713A1.CDR

Figure 5–106: THREE-TERMINAL LINE APPLICATION

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 5 SETTINGS 5.7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS

Assume the Hybrid Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip (Hybrid POTT) scheme is applied using the architecture shown
below. The scheme output operand HYB POTT TX1 is used to key the permission.

TX1 RX1 RX2

UR IED 1 UR IED 2
RX1 TX1 TX2

RX1
UR IED 3
TX1
842714A1.CDR

Figure 5–107: SINGLE-CHANNEL OPEN-LOOP CONFIGURATION

In the above architecture, Devices 1 and 3 do not communicate directly. Therefore, Device 2 must act as a "bridge". The
following settings should be applied:
UR IED 1: DIRECT OUT 2 OPERAND: "HYB POTT TX1"
DIRECT INPUT 5 DEVICE ID: "2"
DIRECT INPUT 5 BIT NUMBER: "2" (this is a message from IED 2)
DIRECT INPUT 6 DEVICE ID: "2"
DIRECT INPUT 6 BIT NUMBER: "4" (effectively, this is a message from IED 3)
UR IED 3: DIRECT OUT 2 OPERAND: "HYB POTT TX1"
DIRECT INPUT 5 DEVICE ID: "2"
DIRECT INPUT 5 BIT NUMBER: "2" (this is a message from IED 2) 5
DIRECT INPUT 6 DEVICE ID: "2"
DIRECT INPUT 6 BIT NUMBER: "3" (effectively, this is a message from IED 1)
UR IED 2: DIRECT INPUT 5 DEVICE ID: "1"
DIRECT INPUT 5 BIT NUMBER: "2"
DIRECT INPUT 6 DEVICE ID: "3"
DIRECT INPUT 6 BIT NUMBER: "2"
DIRECT OUT 2 OPERAND: "HYB POTT TX1"
DIRECT OUT 3 OPERAND: "DIRECT INPUT 5" (forward a message from 1 to 3)
DIRECT OUT 4 OPERAND: "DIRECT INPUT 6" (forward a message from 3 to 1)
Signal flow between the three IEDs is shown in the figure below:

UR IED 1 UR IED 2
DIRECT OUT 2 = HYB POTT TX1 DIRECT INPUT 5
DIRECT INPUT 5 DIRECT OUT 2 = HYB POTT TX1
DIRECT INPUT 6 DIRECT OUT 4 = DIRECT INPUT 6
DIRECT OUT 3 = DIRECT INPUT 5
DIRECT INPUT 6

UR IED 3 DIRECT INPUT 5

DIRECT INPUT 6
DIRECT OUT 2 = HYB POTT TX1

842717A1.CDR

Figure 5–108: SIGNAL FLOW FOR DIRECT I/O EXAMPLE 3

In three-terminal applications, both the remote terminals must grant permission to trip. Therefore, at each terminal, Direct
Inputs 5 and 6 should be ANDed in FlexLogic™ and the resulting operand configured as the permission to trip (HYB POTT
RX1 setting).

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-187

 5.8 TRANSDUCER I/O 5 SETTINGS

5.8TRANSDUCER I/O 5.8.1 DCMA INPUTS

PATH: SETTINGS !" TRANSDUCER I/O !" DCMA INPUTS

# DCMA INPUTS # DCMA INPUT H1

# #
↓
↓

# DCMA INPUT U8
MESSAGE
#

Hardware and software is provided to receive signals from external transducers and convert these signals into a digital for-
mat for use as required. The relay will accept inputs in the range of –1 to +20 mA DC, suitable for use with most common
transducer output ranges; all inputs are assumed to be linear over the complete range. Specific hardware details are con-
tained in the HARDWARE chapter.
Before the DCMA input signal can be used, the value of the signal measured by the relay must be converted to the range
and quantity of the external transducer primary input parameter, such as DC voltage or temperature. The relay simplifies
this process by internally scaling the output from the external transducer and displaying the actual primary parameter.
DCMA input channels are arranged in a manner similar to CT and VT channels. The user configures individual channels
with the settings shown here.
The channels are arranged in sub-modules of two channels, numbered from 1 through 8 from top to bottom. On power-up,
the relay will automatically generate configuration settings for every channel, based on the order code, in the same general
manner that is used for CTs and VTs. Each channel is assigned a slot letter followed by the row number, 1 through 8 inclu-

5 sive, which is used as the channel number. The relay generates an actual value for each available input channel.
Settings are automatically generated for every channel available in the specific relay as shown below for the first channel of
a type 5F transducer module installed in slot M.

# DCMA INPUT M1 DCMA INPUT M1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

# FUNCTION: Disabled
DCMA INPUT M1 ID: Range: Up to 20 alphanumeric characters
MESSAGE
DCMA Ip 1
DCMA INPUT M1 Range: 6 alphanumeric characters
MESSAGE
UNITS: µA

DCMA INPUT M1 Range: 0 to –1, 0 to +1, –1 to +1, 0 to 5, 0 to 10,

MESSAGE 0 to 20
RANGE: 0 to -1 mA

DCMA INPUT M1 MIN Range: –9999.999 to +9999.999 in steps of 0.001

MESSAGE
VALUE: 0.000
DCMA INPUT M1 MAX Range: –9999.999 to +9999.999 in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
VALUE: 0.000

The function of the channel may be either "Enabled" or "Disabled." If Disabled, there will not be an actual value created for
the channel. An alphanumeric "ID" is assigned to the channel - this ID will be included in the display of the channel actual
value, along with the programmed "UNITS" associated with the parameter measured by the transducer, such as Volt, °C,
MegaWatts, etc. This ID is also used to reference the channel as the input parameter to features designed to measure this
type of parameter. The RANGE setting is used to select the specific mA DC range of the transducer connected to the input
channel.
The MIN VALUE and MAX VALUE settings are used to program the span of the transducer in primary units. For example, a
temperature transducer might have a span from 0 to 250°C; in this case the MIN value would be 0 and the MAX value 250.
Another example would be a Watt transducer with a span from –20 to +180 MW; in this case the MIN value would be –20
and the MAX value 180. Intermediate values between the MIN and MAX are scaled linearly.

5-188 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 5 SETTINGS 5.8 TRANSDUCER I/O

5.8.2 RTD INPUTS

PATH: SETTINGS !" TRANSDUCER I/O !" RTD INPUTS

# RTD INPUTS # RTD INPUT H1

# #
↓
↓

# RTD INPUT U8
MESSAGE
#

Hardware and software is provided to receive signals from external Resistance Temperature Detectors and convert these
signals into a digital format for use as required. These channels are intended to be connected to any of the RTD types in
common use. Specific hardware details are contained in the HARDWARE chapter.
RTD input channels are arranged in a manner similar to CT and VT channels. The user configures individual channels with
the settings shown here.
The channels are arranged in sub-modules of two channels, numbered from 1 through 8 from top to bottom. On power-up,
the relay will automatically generate configuration settings for every channel, based on the order code, in the same general
manner that is used for CTs and VTs. Each channel is assigned a slot letter followed by the row number, 1 through 8 inclu-
sive, which is used as the channel number. The relay generates an actual value for each available input channel.
Settings are automatically generated for every channel available in the specific relay as shown below for the first channel of
a type 5C transducer module installed in slot M.

# RTD INPUT M5
#
RTD INPUT M5
FUNCTION: Disabled
Range: Disabled, Enabled
5
RTD INPUT M5 ID: Range: Up to 20 alphanumeric characters
MESSAGE
RTD Ip 1
RTD INPUT M5 TYPE: Range: 100Ω Nickel, 10Ω Copper, 100Ω Platinum,
MESSAGE 120Ω Nickel
100Ω Nickel

The function of the channel may be either "Enabled" or "Disabled." If Disabled, there will not be an actual value created for
the channel. An alphanumeric "ID" is assigned to the channel - this ID will be included in the display of the channel actual
value. This ID is also used to reference the channel as the input parameter to features designed to measure this type of
parameter. Selecting the type of RTD connected to the channel configures the channel.
Actions based on RTD overtemperature, such as trips or alarms, are done in conjunction with the FlexElements™ feature.
In FlexElements™, the operate level is scaled to a base of 100°C. For example, a trip level of 150°C is achieved by setting
the operate level at 1.5 pu. FlexElement™ operands are available to FlexLogic™ for further interlocking or to operate an
output contact directly.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 5-189

 5.9 TESTING 5 SETTINGS

5.9TESTING 5.9.1 TEST MODE

PATH: SETTINGS !" TESTING ! TEST MODE

## SETTINGS TEST MODE Range: Disabled, Enabled

## TESTING FUNCTION: Disabled

The relay provides test settings to verify that the relay is functional using simulated conditions to test all contact inputs and
outputs. While the relay is in Test Mode (TEST MODE FUNCTION: "Enabled"), the feature being tested overrides normal func-
tioning of the relay. During this time the Test Mode LED will remain on. Once out of Test Mode (TEST MODE FUNCTION: "Dis-
abled"), the normal functioning of the relay will be restored.

5.9.2 FORCE CONTACT INPUTS

PATH: SETTINGS !" TESTING !" FORCE CONTACT INPUTS

# FORCE CONTACT FORCE Cont Ip 1 Range: Disabled, Open, Closed

# INPUTS : Disabled
FORCE Cont Ip 2 Range: Disabled, Open, Closed
MESSAGE
: Disabled
↓

FORCE Cont Ip xx Range: Disabled, Open, Closed

MESSAGE
: Disabled

5 The Force Contact Inputs feature provides a method of performing checks on the function of all contact inputs. Once
enabled, the relay is placed into Test Mode, allowing this feature to override the normal function of contact inputs. The Test
Mode LED will be ON indicating that the relay is in test mode. The state of each contact input may be programmed as Dis-
abled, Open, or Closed. All contact input operations return to normal when all settings for this feature are disabled.

5.9.3 FORCE CONTACT OUTPUTS

PATH: SETTINGS !" TESTING !" FORCE CONTACT OUTPUTS

# FORCE CONTACT FORCE Cont Op 1: Range: Disabled, Energized, De-energized, Freeze

# OUTPUTS Disabled
FORCE Cont Op 2: Range: Disabled, Energized, De-energized, Freeze
MESSAGE
Disabled
↓

FORCE Cont Op xx: Range: Disabled, Energized, De-energized, Freeze

MESSAGE
Disabled

The Force Contact Output feature provides a method of performing checks on all contact outputs. Once enabled, the relay
is placed into Test Mode, allowing this feature to override the normal contact outputs functions. The TEST MODE LED will
be ON. The state of each contact output may be programmed as Disabled, Energized, De-energized, or Freeze. The
Freeze option maintains the output contact in the state at which it was frozen. All contact output operations return to normal
when all the settings for this feature are disabled.

5-190 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.1 OVERVIEW

6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.1OVERVIEW 6.1.1 ACTUAL VALUES MAIN MENU

## ACTUAL VALUES # CONTACT INPUTS

See page 6-3.
## STATUS #
# VIRTUAL INPUTS
See page 6-3.
#
# REMOTE INPUTS
See page 6-3.
#
# CONTACT OUTPUTS
See page 6-4.
#
# VIRTUAL OUTPUTS
See page 6-4.
#
# AUTORECLOSE
See page 6-4.
#
# REMOTE DEVICES
See page 6-4.
# STATUS
# REMOTE DEVICES
See page 6-5.
# STATISTICS
# DIGITAL COUNTERS
See page 6-5.
#
# FLEX STATES
See page 6-5.
#
# ETHERNET
See page 6-5.
#
# DIRECT INPUTS
#
See page 6-6. 6
# DIRECT DEVICES
See page 6-6.
# STATUS

## ACTUAL VALUES # SOURCE SRC 1

See page 6-10.
## METERING #
# SOURCE SRC 2
#
# SYNCHROCHECK
See page 6-12.
#
# TRACKING FREQUENCY
See page 6-12.
#
# FLEXELEMENTS
See page 6-13.
#

# TRANSDUCER I/O
See page 6-13.
# DCMA INPUTS

# TRANSDUCER I/O
See page 6-13.
# RTD INPUTS

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 6-1

 6.1 OVERVIEW 6 ACTUAL VALUES

## ACTUAL VALUES # FAULT REPORTS

See page 6-14.
## RECORDS #
# EVENT RECORDS
See page 6-16.
#
# OSCILLOGRAPHY
See page 6-16.
#
# DATA LOGGER
See page 6-16.
#
# MAINTENANCE
See page 6-17.
#

## ACTUAL VALUES # MODEL INFORMATION

See page 6-18.
## PRODUCT INFO #
# FIRMWARE REVISIONS
See page 6-18.
#

6-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.2 STATUS

6.2STATUS
For status reporting, ‘On’ represents Logic 1 and ‘Off’ represents Logic 0.

NOTE

6.2.1 CONTACT INPUTS

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES ! STATUS ! CONTACT INPUTS

# CONTACT INPUTS Cont Ip 1

# Off
↓
↓

Cont Ip xx
MESSAGE
Off

The present status of the contact inputs is shown here. The first line of a message display indicates the ID of the contact
input. For example, ‘Cont Ip 1’ refers to the contact input in terms of the default name-array index. The second line of the
display indicates the logic state of the contact input.

6.2.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES ! STATUS !" VIRTUAL INPUTS

# VIRTUAL INPUTS Virt Ip 1

# Off
↓
↓

Virt Ip 32
MESSAGE
Off

The present status of the 32 virtual inputs is shown here. The first line of a message display indicates the ID of the virtual 6
input. For example, ‘Virt Ip 1’ refers to the virtual input in terms of the default name-array index. The second line of the dis-
play indicates the logic state of the virtual input.

6.2.3 REMOTE INPUTS

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES ! STATUS !" REMOTE INPUTS

# REMOTE INPUTS REMOTE INPUT 1 Range: On, Off

# STATUS: Off
↓
↓

REMOTE INPUT 32 Range: On, Off

MESSAGE
STATUS: Off

The present state of the 32 remote inputs is shown here.

The state displayed will be that of the remote point unless the remote device has been established to be "Offline" in which
case the value shown is the programmed default state for the remote input.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 6-3

 6.2 STATUS 6 ACTUAL VALUES

6.2.4 CONTACT OUTPUTS

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES ! STATUS !" CONTACT OUTPUTS

# CONTACT OUTPUTS Cont Op 1

# Off
↓

Cont Op xx
MESSAGE
Off

The present state of the contact outputs is shown here.

The first line of a message display indicates the ID of the contact output. For example, ‘Cont Op 1’ refers to the contact out-
put in terms of the default name-array index. The second line of the display indicates the logic state of the contact output.
For Form-A outputs, the state of the voltage(V) and/or current(I) detectors will show as: Off, VOff, IOff, On,
VOn, and/or IOn. For Form-C outputs, the state will show as Off or On.
NOTE

6.2.5 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES ! STATUS !" VIRTUAL OUTPUTS

# VIRTUAL OUTPUTS Virt Op 1

# Off
↓

Virt Op 64
MESSAGE
Off

The present state of up to 64 virtual outputs is shown here. The first line of a message display indicates the ID of the virtual
output. For example, ‘Virt Op 1’ refers to the virtual output in terms of the default name-array index. The second line of the
display indicates the logic state of the virtual output, as calculated by the FlexLogic™ equation for that output.
6 6.2.6 AUTORECLOSE

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES ! STATUS !" AUTORECLOSE ! AUTORECLOSE 1

# AUTORECLOSE 1 AUTORECLOSE 1 Range: 0, 1, 2

# SHOT COUNT: 0

The automatic reclosure shot count is shown here.

6.2.7 REMOTE DEVICES STATUS

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES ! STATUS !" REMOTE DEVICES STATUS

# REMOTE DEVICES All REMOTE DEVICES Range: Yes, No

# STATUS ONLINE: No
REMOTE DEVICE 1 Range: Online, Offline
MESSAGE
STATUS: Offline
↓

REMOTE DEVICE 16 Range: Online, Offline

MESSAGE
STATUS: Offline

The present state of up to 16 programmed Remote Devices is shown here. The ALL REMOTE DEVICES ONLINE message indi-
cates whether or not all programmed Remote Devices are online. If the corresponding state is "No", then at least one
required Remote Device is not online.

6-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.2 STATUS

6.2.8 REMOTE DEVICES STATISTICS

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES ! STATUS !" REMOTE DEVICES STATISTICS ! REMOTE DEVICE 1(16)

# REMOTE DEVICE 1 REMOTE DEVICE 1

# StNum: 0
REMOTE DEVICE 1
MESSAGE
SqNum: 0

Statistical data (2 types) for up to 16 programmed Remote Devices is shown here.

• The StNum number is obtained from the indicated Remote Device and is incremented whenever a change of state of
at least one DNA or UserSt bit occurs.
• The SqNum number is obtained from the indicated Remote Device and is incremented whenever a GOOSE message
is sent. This number will rollover to zero when a count of 4,294,967,295 is incremented.

6.2.9 DIGITAL COUNTERS

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES ! DIGITAL COUNTERS !" DIGITAL COUNTERS ! DIGITAL COUNTERS Counter 1(8)

# DIGITAL COUNTERS Counter 1 ACCUM:

# Counter 1 0
Counter 1 FROZEN:
MESSAGE
0
Counter 1 FROZEN:
MESSAGE
YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS
Counter 1 MICROS:
MESSAGE
0

The present status of the 8 digital counters is shown here. The status of each counter, with the user-defined counter name,
includes the accumulated and frozen counts (the count units label will also appear). Also included, is the date/time stamp 6
for the frozen count. The Counter n MICROS value refers to the microsecond portion of the time stamp.

6.2.10 FLEX STATES

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES ! STATUS !" FLEX STATES

# FLEX STATES PARAM 1: Off Range: Off, On

# Off
↓

PARAM 256: Off Range: Off, On

MESSAGE
Off

There are 256 FlexState bits available. The second line value indicates the state of the given FlexState bit.

6.2.11 ETHERNET

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES ! STATUS !" ETHERNET

# ETHERNET ETHERNET PRI LINK Range: Fail, OK

# STATUS: OK
ETHERNET SEC LINK Range: Fail, OK
MESSAGE
STATUS: OK

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 6-5

 6.2 STATUS 6 ACTUAL VALUES

6.2.12 DIRECT INPUTS

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES ! STATUS !" DIRECT INPUTS

# DIRECT INPUTS AVG MSG RETURN

# TIME: 0 ms
UNRETURNED MSG
MESSAGE
COUNT: 0
DIRECT INPUT 1:
MESSAGE
On
↓

DIRECT INPUT 32:

MESSAGE
On

The AVERAGE MSG RETURN TIME is the time that it takes for Direct Output messages to be returned back to the sender in a
Direct I/O ring configuration. Not applicable for non-ring configurations. This is a rolling average calculated for the last 10
messages. There are two return times for dual-channel communications modules. The UNRETURNED MSG COUNT messages
(one per communications channel) indicate the number of Direct Output messages that do not make the trip around the
communications ring. High values for this count may indicate possible communications hardware/wiring problems. These
values can be cleared using the CLEAR DIRECT I/O COUNTERS command.
The DIRECT INPUT X values represent the state of the x-th Direct Input.

6.2.13 DIRECT DEVICES STATUS

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES ! STATUS !" DIRECT DEVICES STATUS

# DIRECT DEVICES DIRECT DEVICE 1

# STATUS STATUS: Offline

6 MESSAGE
DIRECT DEVICE 2
STATUS: Offline
↓

DIRECT DEVICE 8
MESSAGE
STATUS: Offline

These actual values represent the state of Direct Devices 1 through 8.

6-6 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.3 METERING

6.3METERING 6.3.1 METERING CONVENTIONS

a) UR CONVENTION FOR MEASURING POWER AND ENERGY

The following figure illustrates the conventions established for use in UR relays.

PER IEEE CONVENTIONS

Generator
PARAMETERS AS SEEN
G BY THE UR RELAY

Voltage +Q
VCG

WATTS = Positive IC
PF = Lead PF = Lag
VARS = Positive
PF = Lag IA
VAG -P +P
Current
IB IA
PF = Lag PF = Lead
UR RELAY
VBG -Q
M LOAD
- 1
Inductive Resistive S=VI
Generator

VCG
+Q
Voltage

PF = Lead PF = Lag
WATTS = Positive
IA
VARS = Negative IC
PF = Lead VAG -P +P
IA
Current
PF = Lag PF = Lead
IB
UR RELAY
VBG -Q

LOAD S=VI

6
- 2
Resistive

Inductive Resistive

M LOAD

VCG +Q
Voltage
PF = Lead PF = Lag
IB
IA
WATTS = Negative
VAG
VARS = Negative -P +P
PF = Lag
IA
IC PF = Lag PF = Lead
Current
VBG
-Q
UR RELAY

G S=VI
- 3
Generator

Resistive

LOAD

VCG
+Q
Voltage IB
PF = Lead PF = Lag
WATTS = Negative IA
VARS = Positive VAG -P +P
PF = Lead
IC
IA
Current
PF = Lag PF = Lead

VBG -Q
UR RELAY

G 827239AC.CDR
S=VI
- 4
Generator

Figure 6–1: FLOW DIRECTION OF SIGNED VALUES FOR WATTS AND VARS

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 6-7

 6.3 METERING 6 ACTUAL VALUES

b) UR CONVENTION FOR MEASURING PHASE ANGLES

All phasors calculated by UR relays and used for protection, control and metering functions are rotating phasors that main-
tain the correct phase angle relationships with each other at all times.
For display and oscillography purposes, all phasor angles in a given relay are referred to an AC input channel pre-selected
by the SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP !" POWER SYSTEM !" FREQUENCY AND PHASE REFERENCE setting. This setting
defines a particular Source to be used as the reference.
The relay will first determine if any "Phase VT" bank is indicated in the Source. If it is, voltage channel VA of that bank is
used as the angle reference. Otherwise, the relay determines if any "Aux VT" bank is indicated; if it is, the auxiliary voltage
channel of that bank is used as the angle reference. If neither of the two conditions is satisfied, then two more steps of this
hierarchical procedure to determine the reference signal include "Phase CT" bank and "Ground CT" bank.
If the AC signal pre-selected by the relay upon configuration is not measurable, the phase angles are not referenced. The
phase angles are assigned as positive in the leading direction, and are presented as negative in the lagging direction, to
more closely align with power system metering conventions. This is illustrated below.

-270o

-225o -315o

positive
angle
direction

-180o 0o
UR phase angle
reference

-135o -45o

6 -90o 827845A1.CDR

Figure 6–2: UR PHASE ANGLE MEASUREMENT CONVENTION

c) UR CONVENTION FOR MEASURING SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS

UR relays calculate voltage symmetrical components for the power system phase A line-to-neutral voltage, and symmetri-
cal components of the currents for the power system phase A current. Owing to the above definition, phase angle relations
between the symmetrical currents and voltages stay the same irrespective of the connection of instrument transformers.
This is important for setting directional protection elements that use symmetrical voltages.
For display and oscillography purposes the phase angles of symmetrical components are referenced to a common refer-
ence as described in the previous sub-section.
WYE-Connected Instrument Transformers:
• ABC phase rotation: • ACB phase rotation:
1 1
V_0 = --- ( V AG + V BG + V CG ) V_0 = --- ( V AG + V BG + V CG )
3 3
1 2 1 2
V_1 = --- ( V AG + aV BG + a V CG ) V_1 = --- ( V AG + a V BG + aV CG )
3 3
1 2 1 2
V_2 = --- ( V AG + a V BG + aV CG ) V_2 = --- ( V AG + aV BG + a V CG )
3 3

The above equations apply to currents as well.

6-8 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.3 METERING

DELTA-Connected Instrument Transformers:

• ABC phase rotation: • ACB phase rotation:

V_0 = N/A V_0 = N/A

1 ∠– 30 ° 1 ∠30° 2
2
V_1 = --------------------- ( V AB + aV BC + a V CA ) V_1 = ----------------- ( V AB + a V BC + aV CA )
3 3 3 3
1 ∠ 30° 1 ∠– 30 ° 2
2
V_2 = ----------------- ( V AB + a V BC + aV CA ) V_2 = --------------------- ( V AB + aV BC + a V CA )
3 3 3 3

The zero-sequence voltage is not measurable under the DELTA connection of instrument transformers and is defaulted to
zero. The table below shows an example of symmetrical components calculations for the ABC phase rotation.
Table 6–1: CALCULATING VOLTAGE SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS EXAMPLE
SYSTEM VOLTAGES, SEC. V * VT UR INPUTS, SEC. V SYMM. COMP, SEC. V
CONN.
VAG VBG VCG VAB VBC VCA F5AC F6AC F7AC V0 V1 V2
13.9 76.2 79.7 84.9 138.3 85.4 WYE 13.9 76.2 79.7 19.5 56.5 23.3
∠0° ∠–125° ∠–250° ∠–313° ∠–97° ∠–241° ∠0° ∠–125° ∠–250° ∠–192° ∠–7° ∠–187°
UNKNOWN (only V1 and V2 84.9 138.3 85.4 DELTA 84.9 138.3 85.4 N/A 56.5 23.3
can be determined) ∠0° ∠–144° ∠–288° ∠0° ∠–144° ∠–288° ∠–54° ∠–234°

* The power system voltages are phase-referenced – for simplicity – to VAG and VAB, respectively. This, however, is a
relative matter. It is important to remember that the UR displays are always referenced as specified under SETTINGS
!" SYSTEM SETUP !" POWER SYSTEM !" FREQUENCY AND PHASE REFERENCE.
The example above is illustrated in the following figure.

SYSTEM VOLTAGES SYMMETRICAL

COMPONENTS
UR phase angle

6
reference

1
UR phase angle

A
reference

WYE VTs

C
B
0
2
U
re R ph
fe a
re se
nc a
e ng
le

A U
1
re R ph
fe a
re se
nc a
e ng
DELTA VTs le

C
B
2
827844A1.CDR

Figure 6–3: ILLUSTRATION OF THE UR CONVENTION FOR SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 6-9

 6.3 METERING 6 ACTUAL VALUES

6.3.2 SOURCES

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES !" METERING ! SOURCE SRC 1 !

# PHASE CURRENT SRC 1 RMS Ia: 0.000

# SRC 1 b: 0.000 c: 0.000 A
SRC 1 RMS Ia:
MESSAGE
0.000 A
SRC 1 RMS Ib:
MESSAGE
0.000 A
SRC 1 RMS Ic:
MESSAGE
0.000 A
SRC 1 RMS In:
MESSAGE
0.000 A
SRC 1 PHASOR Ia:
MESSAGE
0.000 A 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR Ib:
MESSAGE
0.000 A 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR Ic:
MESSAGE
0.000 A 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR In:
MESSAGE
0.000 A 0.0°
SRC 1 ZERO SEQ I0:
MESSAGE
0.000 A 0.0°
SRC 1 POS SEQ I1:
MESSAGE
0.000 A 0.0°
6 SRC 1 NEG SEQ I2:
MESSAGE
0.000 A 0.0°

# GROUND CURRENT SRC 1 RMS Ig:

# SRC 1 0.000 A
SRC 1 PHASOR Ig:
MESSAGE
0.000 A 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR Igd:
MESSAGE
0.000 A 0.0°

# PHASE VOLTAGE SRC 1 RMS Vag:

# SRC 1 0.000 V
SRC 1 RMS Vbg:
MESSAGE
0.000 V
SRC 1 RMS Vcg:
MESSAGE
0.000 V
SRC 1 PHASOR Vag:
MESSAGE
0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR Vbg:
MESSAGE
0.000 V 0.0°

6-10 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.3 METERING

SRC 1 PHASOR Vcg:

MESSAGE
0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 RMS Vab:
MESSAGE
0.000 V
SRC 1 RMS Vbc:
MESSAGE
0.000 V
SRC 1 RMS Vca:
MESSAGE
0.000 V
SRC 1 PHASOR Vab:
MESSAGE
0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR Vbc:
MESSAGE
0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR Vca:
MESSAGE
0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 ZERO SEQ V0:
MESSAGE
0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 POS SEQ V1:
MESSAGE
0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 NEG SEQ V2:
MESSAGE
0.000 V 0.0°

# AUXILIARY VOLTAGE SRC 1 RMS Vx:

# SRC 1 0.000 V
SRC 1 PHASOR Vx:
MESSAGE
0.000 V 0.0°
6
# POWER SRC 1 REAL POWER
# SRC 1 3φ: 0.000 W
SRC 1 REAL POWER
MESSAGE
φa: 0.000 W
SRC 1 REAL POWER
MESSAGE
φb: 0.000 W
SRC 1 REAL POWER
MESSAGE
φc: 0.000 W
SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR
MESSAGE
3φ: 0.000 var
SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR
MESSAGE
φa: 0.000 var
SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR
MESSAGE
φb: 0.000 var
SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR
MESSAGE
φc: 0.000 var
SRC 1 APPARENT PWR
MESSAGE
3φ: 0.000 VA

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 6-11

 6.3 METERING 6 ACTUAL VALUES

SRC 1 APPARENT PWR

MESSAGE
φa: 0.000 VA
SRC 1 APPARENT PWR
MESSAGE
φb: 0.000 VA
SRC 1 APPARENT PWR
MESSAGE
φc: 0.000 VA
SRC 1 POWER FACTOR
MESSAGE
3φ: 1.000
SRC 1 POWER FACTOR
MESSAGE
φa: 1.000
SRC 1 POWER FACTOR
MESSAGE
φb: 1.000
SRC 1 POWER FACTOR
MESSAGE
φc: 1.000

# FREQUENCY SRC 1 FREQUENCY:

# SRC 1 0.00 Hz

Two identical Source menus are available. The "SRC 1" text will be replaced by whatever name was programmed by the
user for the associated source (see SETTINGS !" SYSTEM SETUP !" SIGNAL SOURCES).
SOURCE FREQUENCY is measured via software-implemented zero-crossing detection of an AC signal. The signal is either a
Clarke transformation of three-phase voltages or currents, auxiliary voltage, or ground current as per source configuration
(see the SYSTEM SETUP !" POWER SYSTEM settings). The signal used for frequency estimation is low-pass filtered. The
final frequency measurement is passed through a validation filter that eliminates false readings due to signal distortions and
transients.

6.3.3 SYNCHROCHECK
6
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES !" METERING !" SYNCHROCHECK ! SYNCHROCHECK 1

# SYNCHROCHECK1 SYNCHROCHECK 1 DELTA

# VOLT: 0.000 V
SYNCHROCHECK 1 DELTA
MESSAGE
PHASE: 0.0°
SYNCHROCHECK 1 DELTA
MESSAGE
FREQ: 0.00 Hz

The Actual Values menu for Synchrocheck 2 is identical to that of Synchrocheck 1. If a Synchrocheck function setting is set
to "Disabled", the corresponding actual values menu item will not be displayed.

6.3.4 TRACKING FREQUENCY

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES !" METERING !" TRACKING FREQUENCY

# TRACKING FREQUENCY TRACKING FREQUENCY:

# 60.00 Hz

The tracking frequency is displayed here. The frequency is tracked based on configuration of the reference source. The
TRACKING FREQUENCY is based upon positive sequence current phasors from all line terminals and is synchronously
adjusted at all terminals. If currents are below 0.125 pu, then the NOMINAL FREQUENCY is used.

6-12 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.3 METERING

6.3.5 FLEXELEMENTS™

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES !" METERING !" FLEXELEMENTS ! FLEXELEMENT 1(8)

# FLEXELEMENT 1 FLEXELEMENT 1 OpSig:

# 0.000 pu

The operating signals for the FlexElements are displayed in pu values using the following definitions of the base units.

Table 6–2: FLEXELEMENT™ BASE UNITS

BREAKER ARCING AMPS BASE = 2000 kA2 × cycle
(Brk X Arc Amp A, B, and C)
dcmA BASE = maximum value of the DCMA INPUT MAX setting for the two transducers configured
under the +IN and –IN inputs.
FREQUENCY fBASE = 1 Hz
PHASE ANGLE ϕBASE = 360 degrees (see the UR angle referencing convention)
POWER FACTOR PFBASE = 1.00
RTDs BASE = 100°C
SOURCE CURRENT IBASE = maximum nominal primary RMS value of the +IN and –IN inputs
SOURCE POWER PBASE = maximum value of VBASE × IBASE for the +IN and –IN inputs
SOURCE VOLTAGE VBASE = maximum nominal primary RMS value of the +IN and –IN inputs
SYNCHROCHECK VBASE = maximum primary RMS value of all the sources related to the +IN and –IN inputs
(Max Delta Volts)

6.3.6 TRANSDUCER I/O

a) DCMA INPUTS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES !" METERING !" TRANSDUCER I/O DCMA INPUTS ! DCMA INPUT xx

# DCMA INPUT xx DCMA INPUT xx

# 0.000 mA 6
Actual values for each DCMA input channel that is Enabled are displayed with the top line as the programmed channel "ID"
and the bottom line as the value followed by the programmed units.

b) RTD INPUTS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES !" METERING !" TRANSDUCER I/O RTD INPUTS ! RTD INPUT xx

# RTD INPUT xx RTD INPUT xx

# -50 °C

Actual values for each RTD input channel that is Enabled are displayed with the top line as the programmed channel "ID"
and the bottom line as the value.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 6-13

 6.4 RECORDS 6 ACTUAL VALUES

6.4RECORDS 6.4.1 FAULT REPORTS

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES !" RECORDS ! FAULT REPORTS !

NO FAULTS TO REPORT

or
# FAULT REPORT # FAULT # DATE: Range: YYYY/MM/DD
# 2000/08/11
FAULT # TIME: Range: HH:MM:SS.ssssss
MESSAGE
00:00:00.000000
FAULT # TYPE: where applicable
MESSAGE
ABG
FAULT # LOCATION where applicable
MESSAGE
00.0 km
FAULT # RECLOSE where applicable
MESSAGE
SHOT: 0

The latest 10 fault reports can be stored. The most recent fault location calculation (when applicable) is displayed in this
menu, along with the date and time stamp of the event which triggered the calculation. See the SETTINGS ! PRODUCT
SETUP !" FAULT REPORT menu for assigning the Source and Trigger for fault calculations. Refer to the COMMANDS !"
CLEAR RECORDS menu for clearing fault reports.

Fault Type determination is required for calculation of Fault Location – the algorithm uses the angle between the negative
and positive sequence components of the relay currents. To improve accuracy and speed of operation, the fault compo-
nents of the currents are used, i.e., the pre-fault phasors are subtracted from the measured current phasors. In addition to
the angle relationships, certain extra checks are performed on magnitudes of the negative and zero sequence currents.
The single-ended fault location method assumes that the fault components of the currents supplied from the local (A) and
remote (B) systems are in phase. The figure below shows an equivalent system for fault location.
6
Local distance to fault Remote
Bus Bus
ZA IA mZ (1 – m)Z IB ZB

EA VF RF EB
VA VB

Figure 6–4: EQUIVALENT SYSTEM FOR FAULT LOCATION

The following equations hold true for this equivalent system.
VA = m ⋅ Z ⋅ IA + RF ⋅ ( IA + IB ) (EQ 6.1)

where: m = sought pu distance to fault, Z = positive sequence impedance of the line.

The currents from the local and remote systems can be parted between their fault (F) and pre-fault load (pre) components:
I A = I AF + I Apre (EQ 6.2)

and neglecting shunt parameters of the line:

I B = I BF – I Apre (EQ 6.3)

6-14 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.4 RECORDS

Inserting Equations 6.2 and 6.3 into Equation 6.1 and solving for the fault resistance yields:
VA – m ⋅ Z ⋅ IA
R F = -----------------------------------
- (EQ 6.4)
I BF
I AF ⋅  1 + ------- -
I AF

Assuming the fault components of the currents, IAF and IBF are in phase, and observing that the fault resistance, as imped-
ance, does not have any imaginary part gives:
VA – m ⋅ Z ⋅ IA
Im  ------------------------------------ = 0 (EQ 6.5)
I AF

where: Im() represents the imaginary part of a complex number. Equation 6.5 solved for the unknown m creates the follow-
ing fault location algorithm:

Im ( V A ⋅ I AF∗ )
m = ---------------------------------------
- (EQ 6.6)
Im ( Z ⋅ I A ⋅ I AF∗ )

where: * denotes the complex conjugate and

I AF = I A – I Apre (EQ 6.7)

Depending on the fault type, appropriate voltage and current signals are selected from the phase quantities before applying
Equations 6.6 and 6.7 (the superscripts denote phases, the subscripts denote stations):
A A
• For AG faults: V A = V A , I A = I A + K 0 ⋅ I 0A
B B
• For BG faults: V A = V A , I A = I A + K 0 ⋅ I 0A
C BC
• For CG faults: V A = V A , I A = I A + K 0 ⋅ I 0A
A B A B
• For AB and ABG faults: V A = V A – V A , IA = IA – IA
B C B C
• For BC and BCG faults: V A = V A – V A , IA = IA – IA
C A C A
• For CA and CAG faults: V A = V A – V A , I A = I A – I A

•
where K0 is the zero sequence compensation factor (for the first six equations above)
For ABC faults, all three AB, BC, and CA loops are analyzed and the final result is selected based upon consistency of
6
the results
The element calculates the distance to the fault (with m in miles or kilometers) and the phases involved in the fault.

SETTING
FAULT REPORT
TRIG:
Off=0

SETTING
AND RUN
FAULT REPORT
SOURCE: ACTUAL VALUES
0 FAULT REPORT #
SRC X 50DD OP
1 SEC
IA DATE
IB TIME
FAULT FAULT TYPE
IC LOCATOR
3I_0 FAULT LOCATION
VA FAULT# RECLOSE SHOT
VB
VC

SHOT # FROM
AUTO RECLOSURE
827094A1.CDR

Figure 6–5: FAULT LOCATOR SCHEME

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 6-15

 6.4 RECORDS 6 ACTUAL VALUES

6.4.2 EVENT RECORDS

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES !" RECORDS !" EVENT RECORDS

# EVENT RECORDS EVENT: XXXX

# RESET OP(PUSHBUTTON)
↓

EVENT: 3 EVENT 3
MESSAGE
POWER ON DATE: 2000/07/14
EVENT: 2 EVENT 3
MESSAGE
POWER OFF TIME: 14:53:00.03405
EVENT: 1
MESSAGE Date and Time Stamps
EVENTS CLEARED

The Event Records menu shows the contextual data associated with up to the last 1024 events, listed in chronological
order from most recent to oldest. If all 1024 event records have been filled, the oldest record will be removed as a new
record is added. Each event record shows the event identifier/sequence number, cause, and date/time stamp associated
with the event trigger. Refer to the COMMANDS CLEAR RECORDS menu for clearing event records.

6.4.3 OSCILLOGRAPHY

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES !" RECORDS !" OSCILLOGRAPHY

# OSCILLOGRAPHY FORCE TRIGGER? Range: No, Yes

# No
NUMBER OF TRIGGERS:
MESSAGE
0
AVAILABLE RECORDS:
MESSAGE

6 0
CYCLES PER RECORD:
MESSAGE
0.0
LAST CLEARED DATE:
MESSAGE
2000/07/14 015:40:16

This menu allows the user to view the number of triggers involved and number of oscillography traces available. The
‘cycles per record’ value is calculated to account for the fixed amount of data storage for oscillography. See the OSCIL-
LOGRAPHY section of Chapter 5.
A trigger can be forced here at any time by setting "Yes" to the FORCE TRIGGER? command. Refer to the COMMANDS !"
CLEAR RECORDS menu for clearing the oscillography records.

6.4.4 DATA LOGGER

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES !" RECORDS !" DATA LOGGER

# DATA LOGGER OLDEST SAMPLE TIME:

# 2000/01/14 13:45:51
NEWEST SAMPLE TIME:
MESSAGE
2000/01/14 15:21:19

The OLDEST SAMPLE TIME is the time at which the oldest available samples were taken. It will be static until the log gets full,
at which time it will start counting at the defined sampling rate. The NEWEST SAMPLE TIME is the time the most recent sam-
ples were taken. It counts up at the defined sampling rate. If Data Logger channels are defined, then both values are static.
Refer to the COMMANDS !" CLEAR RECORDS menu for clearing data logger records.

6-16 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.4 RECORDS

6.4.5 MAINTENANCE

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES !" RECORDS !" MAINTENANCE ! BREAKER 1

# BREAKER 1 BKR 1 ARCING AMP φA:

# 0.00 kA2-cyc
BKR 1 ARCING AMP φB:
MESSAGE
0.00 kA2-cyc
BKR 1 ARCING AMP φC:
MESSAGE
0.00 kA2-cyc

There is an identical Actual Value menu for each of the 2 Breakers. The BKR 1 ARCING AMP values are in units of kA2-
cycles. Refer to the COMMANDS !" CLEAR RECORDS menu for clearing breaker arcing current records.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 6-17

 6.5 PRODUCT INFORMATION 6 ACTUAL VALUES

6.5PRODUCT INFORMATION 6.5.1 MODEL INFORMATION

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES !" PRODUCT INFO ! MODEL INFORMATION

# MODEL INFORMATION ORDER CODE LINE 1: Example code shown

# D60-A00-HCL-F8A-H6H
ORDER CODE LINE 2:
MESSAGE

ORDER CODE LINE 3:

MESSAGE

ORDER CODE LINE 4:

MESSAGE

SERIAL NUMBER:
MESSAGE

ETHERNET MAC ADDRESS

MESSAGE
000000000000
MANUFACTURING DATE: Range: YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS
MESSAGE
0
OPERATING TIME:
MESSAGE
0:00:00

The product order code, serial number, Ethernet MAC address, date/time of manufacture, and operating time are shown
here.

6.5.2 FIRMWARE REVISIONS

PATH: ACTUAL VALUES !" PRODUCT INFO !" FIRMWARE REVISIONS

6 # FIRMWARE REVISIONS D60 Line Relay Range: 0.00 to 655.35

Revision number of the application firmware.
# REVISION: 3.10
MODIFICATION FILE Range: 0 to 65535 (ID of the MOD FILE)
MESSAGE
NUMBER: 0 Value is 0 for each standard firmware release.

BOOT PROGRAM Range: 0.00 to 655.35

MESSAGE
REVISION: 1.12 Revision number of the boot program firmware.

FRONT PANEL PROGRAM Range: 0.00 to 655.35

MESSAGE
REVISION: 0.08 Revision number of faceplate program firmware.

COMPILE DATE: Range: Any valid date and time.

MESSAGE
2000/09/08 04:55:16 Date and time when product firmware was built.

BOOT DATE: Range: Any valid date and time.

MESSAGE
2000/05/11 16:41:32 Date and time when the boot program was built.

The shown data is illustrative only. A modification file number of 0 indicates that, currently, no modifications have been
installed.

6-18 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 7 COMMANDS AND TARGETS 7.1 COMMANDS

7 COMMANDS AND TARGETS 7.1COMMANDS 7.1.1 COMMANDS MENU

COMMANDS

"
## COMMANDS
MESSAGE
## VIRTUAL INPUTS
## COMMANDS
MESSAGE
## CLEAR RECORDS
## COMMANDS
MESSAGE
## SET DATE AND TIME
## COMMANDS
MESSAGE
## RELAY MAINTENANCE

The COMMANDS menu contains relay directives intended for operations personnel. All commands can be protected from
unauthorized access via the Command Password; see the PASSWORD SECURITY menu description in the PRODUCT
SETUP section of Chapter 5. The following flash message appears after successfully command entry:

COMMAND
EXECUTED

7.1.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS

PATH: COMMANDS " COMMANDS VIRTUAL INPUTS

## COMMANDS Virt Ip 1 Range: Off, On

## VIRTUAL INPUTS Off
↓
↓

Virt Ip 32 Range: Off, On

MESSAGE
Off 7
The states of up to 32 virtual inputs are changed here. The first line of the display indicates the ID of the virtual input. The
second line indicates the current or selected status of the virtual input. This status will be a logical state ‘Off’ (0) or ‘On’ (1).

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 7-1

 7.1 COMMANDS 7 COMMANDS AND TARGETS

7.1.3 CLEAR RECORDS

PATH: COMMANDS " COMMANDS CLEAR RECORDS

## COMMANDS CLEAR FAULT REPORTS? Range: No, Yes

## CLEAR RECORDS No
CLEAR EVENT RECORDS? Range: No, Yes
No
CLEAR OSCILLOGRAPHY? Range: No, Yes
No
CLEAR DATA LOGGER? Range: No, Yes
No
CLEAR BREAKER 1 Range: No, Yes
ARCING AMPS? No
CLEAR BREAKER 2 Range: No, Yes
ARCING AMPS? No

This menu contains commands for clearing historical data such as the Event Records. Data is cleard by changing a com-
mand setting to "Yes" and pressing the key. After clearing data, the command setting automatically reverts to "No".

7.1.4 SET DATE AND TIME

PATH: COMMANDS " SET DATE AND TIME

## COMMANDS SET DATE AND TIME: (YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS)

## SET DATE AND TIME 2000/01/14 13:47:03

The date and time can be entered here via the faceplate keypad only if the IRIG-B signal is not in use. The time setting is
based on the 24-hour clock. The complete date, as a minimum, must be entered to allow execution of this command. The
new time will take effect at the moment the key is clicked.

7.1.5 RELAY MAINTENANCE

PATH: COMMANDS " RELAY MAINTENANCE

7 ## COMMANDS
## RELAY MAINTENANCE
PERFORM LAMPTEST?
No
Range: No, Yes

UPDATE ORDER CODE? Range: No, Yes

No

This menu contains commands for relay maintenance purposes. Commands are activated by changing a command setting
to "Yes" and pressing the key. The command setting will then automatically revert to "No".
The PERFORM LAMPTEST command turns on all faceplate LEDs and display pixels for a short duration. The UPDATE
ORDER CODE command causes the relay to scan the backplane for the hardware modules and update the order code to
match. If an update occurs, the following message is shown.
UPDATING...
PLEASE WAIT
There is no impact if there have been no changes to the hardware modules. When an update does not occur, the following
message will be shown.
ORDER CODE
NOT UPDATED

7-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 7 COMMANDS AND TARGETS 7.2 TARGETS

7.2TARGETS 7.2.1 TARGETS MENU

TARGETS

"
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1: Displayed only if targets for this element are active.
MESSAGE Example shown.
LATCHED
DIGITAL ELEMENT 16: Displayed only if targets for this element are active.
MESSAGE Example shown.
LATCHED

MESSAGE
↓
↓

The status of any active targets will be displayed in the TARGETS menu. If no targets are active, the display will read:

No Active
Targets

7.2.2 TARGET MESSAGES

When there are no active targets, the first target to become active will cause the display to immediately default to that mes-
sage. If there are active targets and the user is navigating through other messages, and when the default message timer
times out (i.e. the keypad has not been used for a determined period of time), the display will again default back to the tar-
get message.
The range of variables for the target messages is described below. Phase information will be included if applicable. If a tar-
get message status changes, the status with the highest priority will be displayed.

Table 7–1: TARGET MESSAGE PRIORITY STATUS

PRIORITY ACTIVE STATUS DESCRIPTION
1 OP element operated and still picked up
2 PKP element picked up and timed out
3 LATCHED element had operated but has dropped out 7
If a self test error is detected, a message appears indicating the cause of the error. For example:

UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED

:Self Test Error

7.2.3 RELAY SELF-TESTS

The relay performs a number of self-test diagnostic checks to ensure device integrity. The two types of self-tests (major and
minor) are listed in the tables below. When either type of self-test error occurs, the TROUBLE indicator will turn on and a
target message displayed. All errors record an event in the event recorder. Latched errors can be cleared by pressing the
RESET key, providing the condition is no longer present.
Major self-test errors also result in the following:
• the critical fail relay on the power supply module is de-energized
• all other output relays are de-energized and are prevented from further operation
• the faceplate IN SERVICE indicator is turned off
• a RELAY OUT OF SERVICE event is recorded

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 7-3

 7.2 TARGETS 7 COMMANDS AND TARGETS

Table 7–2: MAJOR SELF-TEST ERROR MESSAGES

SELF-TEST ERROR LATCHED DESCRIPTION OF HOW OFTEN THE WHAT TO DO
MESSAGE TARGET PROBLEM TEST IS PERFORMED
MSG?
UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED No PRODUCT SETUP !" On power up and whenever the Program all settings (especially
INSTALLATION setting RELAY PROGRAMMED setting those under PRODUCT SETUP
indicates relay is not in a is altered. !" INSTALLATION).
programmed state.
EQUIPMENT MISMATCH No Configuration of modules On power up; thereafter, the Check all module types against
with 2nd-line detail message does not match the order backplane is checked for the order code, ensure they are
code stored in the CPU. missing cards every 5 seconds. inserted properly, and cycle
control power (if problem
persists, contact the factory).
UNIT NOT CALIBRATED No Settings indicate the unit On power up. Contact the factory.
is not calibrated.
FLEXLOGIC ERR TOKEN No FlexLogic equations do Event driven; whenever Flex- Finish all equation editing and
with 2nd-line detail message not compile properly. Logic equations are modified. use self test to debug any errors.
DSP ERRORS: Yes CT/VT module with digital Every 1/8th of a cycle. Cycle the control power (if the
A/D RESET FAILURE signal processor may problem recurs, contact the
A/D CAL FAILURE have a problem. factory).
A/D INT. MISSING
A/D VOLT REF. FAIL
NO DSP INTERRUPTS
DSP CHECKSUM FAILED
DSP FAILED
PROGRAM MEMORY Yes Error was found while Once flash is uploaded with Contact the factory.
Test Failed checking Flash memory. new firmware.

Table 7–3: MINOR SELF-TEST ERROR MESSAGES

SELF-TEST LATCHED DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM HOW OFTEN THE WHAT TO DO
ERROR MESSAGE TARGET TEST IS PERFORMED
MSG?
EEPROM Yes The non-volatile memory has On power up only. Contact the factory.
CORRUPTED been corrupted.
IRIG-B FAILURE No Bad IRIG-B input signal. Monitored whenever an IRIG- • Ensure the IRIG-B cable is con-
B signal is received. nected to the relay.
• Check functionality of the cable
(i.e. look for physical damage or
perform a continuity test).
• Ensure the IRIG-B receiver is
functioning properly.
• Check the input signal level; it
may be lower than specification.

7 If none of the above items apply,

contact the factory.
PRIM ETHERNET No Primary Ethernet connection Monitored every 2 seconds Check connections.
FAIL failed
SEC ETHERNET No Secondary Ethernet connection Monitored every 2 seconds Check connections.
FAIL failed
BATTERY FAIL No Battery is not functioning. Monitored every 5 seconds. Replace the battery.
Reported after 1 minute if
problem persists.
PROTOTYPE Yes A prototype version of the On power up only. Contact the factory.
FIRMWARE firmware is loaded.
SYSTEM Yes Abnormal restart due to modules Event driven. Contact the factory.
EXCEPTION or being removed/inserted when
ABNORMAL powered-up, abnormal DC supply,
RESTART or internal relay failure.
LOW ON MEMORY Yes Memory is close to 100% capacity Monitored every 5 seconds. Contact the factory.
WATCHDOG No Some tasks are behind schedule Event driven. Contact the factory.
ERROR
REMOTE DEVICE Yes One or more GOOSE devices are Event driven. Occurs when a Check GOOSE setup
OFFLINE not responding device programmed to receive
GOOSE messages stops
receiving message. Time is 1
to 60 sec. depending on
GOOSE protocol packets.

7-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS

8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.1DISTANCE ELEMENTS 8.1.1 INTRODUCTION

The distance elements use memory voltage for polarization. Additional supervising functions – different for ground and
phase distance zones – complement a classical mho characteristic in order to enhance the directional integrity and reach
accuracy:
• To avoid overreaching during resistive faults under heavy pre-fault load conditions, the ground distance elements uti-
lize a load-adaptive (zero-sequence polarized) reactance characteristic to supervise the base mho characteristic.
• Both negative and zero-sequence currents are compared with the memory voltage to enhance directional integrity of
the ground distance elements.
• It is well known that ground distance elements – as per the principle of distance relaying – may have limited accuracy
during double-line-to-ground faults. In order to prevent maloperation in such cases the ground elements are blocked
by an extra "fault-type comparator" that utilizes the phase angle between the negative- and zero-sequence currents.
• The phase distance elements use reactance and memory polarized directional characteristics to supervise the mho
characteristic.
• Both ground and phase distance elements have the current supervision functions built-in.
The quadrilateral distance characteristic uses the reactance, directional, and current supervising functions as described
above. Right and left blinders adjustable as to both the resistive and angular positions complete the characteristic.
More information regarding the distance characteristics is found in the DISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS section. An exam-
ple of analysis of the steady-state operation of the distance elements is found in the DISTANCE ELEMENTS ANALYSIS
section.
The relay provides four zones of distance protection. All zones are identical in terms of settings. However, Zone 1 has extra
adaptive mechanisms built-in to enhance the transient reach accuracy even when the voltage signals are supplied from
poor quality voltage sources such as Capacitive Voltage Transformers (CVTs). Ground Zones 2 trough 4, in turn, have an
extra zero-sequence directional supervision implemented for their time-delayed operation after the memory expires. Con-
sequently, Zone 1 is recommended as an underreaching element, and Zones 2 through 4 are recommended as overreach-
ing elements and for time-delayed tripping.
The relay uses offset ground directional overcurrent functions as an optional supplement of the ground distance protection
for pilot-aided schemes. The elements are described in more details in the GROUND DIRECTIONAL O/C section.
The relay provides for an adaptive distance reach control to cope with the overreaching and sub-synchronous oscillations
when applied to, or in a near vicinity of series compensated lines. More details can be found in the APPLICATION ON
SERIES COMPENSATED LINES section.
The distance elements use phase angle comparators to shape their characteristics as described in detail in the DISTANCE
CHARACTERISTICS section. The voltage and current phasors are estimated using optimized techniques as explained in
the next section.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-1

 8.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

8.1.2 PHASOR ESTIMATION

The relay samples its input AC signals at 64 samples per power system cycle. A fast and accurate frequency tracking
mechanism ensures accurate filtering and phasor estimation during off-nominal frequency conditions.
The phasor estimation process for both currents and voltages is based on the commonly used Fourier algorithm. Due to a
different nature of signal distortions in the current and voltage signals digital pre-filtering algorithms have been, however,
designed and optimized separately for the current and voltage channels.
The current signals are pre-filtered using an improved digital MIMIC filter. The filter removes effectively the DC component
(–s) guaranteeing transient overshoot below 2% regardless of the initial magnitude and time constant of the dc component
(–s). The filter has significantly better frequency response for higher frequencies as compared with a classical MIMIC filter.
This was possible without introducing any significant phase delay thanks to the high sampling rate used by the relay.
The voltage signals are pre-filtered using a special digital filter designed to cope with CVT transients. The patented filter
combines filtering and memory actions enabling the relay to cope with CVT noise under high Source Impedance Ratios
(SIRs). The filter controls underestimation of the fault voltage magnitude to less than 1% of the nominal and prevents cer-
tain phase angle anomalies that can be encountered under heavy CVT noise and high SIRs.

8.1.3 DISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS

The relay shapes its distance characteristics using phase angle comparators and voltage and current phasors estimated as
described in the previous section.
The following definitions pertain to all of the distance functions:
IA phase A current phasor
IB phase B current phasor
IC phase C current phasor
IG ground current from a parallel line
VA phase A to ground voltage phasor
VB phase B to ground voltage phasor
VC phase C to ground voltage phasor
()_1 positive-sequence phasor of () derived from the phase quantities
()_2 negative-sequence phasor of () derived from the phase quantities
()_0 zero-sequence phasor of () derived from the phase quantities
()M memorized value of ()
Z reach impedance (REACH ∠ RCA)
ZD directional characteristic impedance (1 ∠ DIR RCA)
ZR right blinder characteristic impedance: ZR = RGT BLD × sin (RGT BLD RCA) × 1∠ (RGT BLD RCA – 90°)
ZL left blinder characteristic impedance: ZL = LFT BLD × sin (LFT BLD RCA) × 1∠ (LFT BLD RCA + 90°)
K0 zero-sequence compensating factor: K0 = (Z0/Z1 MAG ∠ Z0/Z1 ANG) – 1
8 K0M mutual zero-sequence compensating factor: K0M = 1/3 x Z0M/Z1 MAG ∠ Z0M/Z1 ANG

a) MHO CHARACTERISTIC
The dynamic 100% memory polarized mho characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between:
AB phase element: (IA – IB) × Z – (VA – VB) and (VA – VB)_1M
BC phase element: (IB – IC) × Z – (VB – VC) and (VB – VC)_1M
CA phase element: (IC – IA) × Z – (VC – VA) and (VC – VA)_1M
A ground element: IA × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VA and VA_1M
B ground element: IB × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VB and VB_1M
C ground element: IC × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VC and VC_1M

8-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS

The limit angle of the comparator is adjustable enabling the user to shape the characteristic as a mho or a lens as shown in
the figures below.The memory-polarized mho characteristic has an excellent directional integrity built-in as explained in the
MEMORY POLARIZATION section.

X Reach setting X Reach setting

Comparator angle setting < 90

Comparator angle setting= 90

R 837715A2.CDR R 837714A2.CDR

MHO CHARACTERISTIC LENS CHARACTERISTIC

Figure 8–1: MHO AND LENS CHARACTERISTICS

b) REACTANCE CHARACTERISTIC
The reactance characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between:
AB phase element: (IA – IB) × Z – (VA – VB) and (IA – IB) × Z
BC phase element: (IB – IC) × Z – (VB – VC) and (IB – IC) × Z
CA phase element: (IC – IA) × Z – (VC – VA) and (IC – IA) × Z
A ground element: IA × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VA and I_0 × Z
B ground element: IB × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VB and I_0 × Z
C ground element: IC × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VC and I_0 × Z
If the MHO characteristic is selected, the limit angle of the comparator is adjustable concurrently with the limit angle of the
mho characteristic, resulting in a tent shape complementing the lens characteristic being effectively applied. If the QUAD
characteristic is selected, the reactance comparator constitutes the upper boundary of the operating region.
The reactance characteristic enables the relay to avoid overreaching on resistive faults during heavy load conditions.

c) DIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC
The directional characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between:
AB phase element: (IA – IB) × ZD and (VA – VB)_1M
BC phase element: (IB – IC) × ZD and (VB – VC)_1M
CA phase element: (IC – IA) × ZD and (VC – VA)_1M
A ground element: I_0 × ZD and VA_1M
IA_2 × ZD and VA_1M 8
B ground element: I_0 × ZD and VB_1M
IB_2 × ZD and VB_1M
C ground element: I_0 × ZD and VC_1M
IC_2 × ZD and VC_1M
The characteristic and limit angles of the directional comparator are adjustable independently from the mho and reactance
comparators. The directional characteristic improves directional integrity of the distance functions.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-3

 8.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

d) RIGHT BLINDER
The right blinder characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between the following signals:
AB phase element: (IA – IB) × ZR – (VA – VB) and (IA – IB) × ZR
BC phase element: (IB – IC) × ZR – (VB – VC) and (IB – IC) × ZR
CA phase element: (IC – IA) × ZR – (VC – VA) and (IC – IA) × ZR
A ground element: IA × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR – VA and IA × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR
B ground element: IB × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR – VB and IB × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR
C ground element: IC × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR – VC and IC × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR
The blinders apply to the QUAD characteristic only.

e) LEFT BLINDER
The left blinder characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between the following signals:
AB phase element: (IA – IB) × ZL – (VA – VB) and (IA – IB) × ZL
BC phase element: (IB – IC) × ZL – (VB – VC) and (IB – IC) × ZL
CA phase element: (IC – IA) × ZL – (VC – VA) and (IC – IA) × ZL
A ground element: IA × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL – VA and IA × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL
B ground element: IB × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL – VB and IB × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL
C ground element: IC × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL – VC and IC × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL
The blinders apply to the QUAD characteristic only.

f) FAULT-TYPE CHARCTERISTIC
The fault-type characteristic applies to ground elements only and is achieved by checking the angle between:
A ground element: I_0 and IA_2
B ground element: I_0 and IB_2
C ground element: I_0 and IC_2
The limit angle of the comparator is not adjustable and equals 50°. The fault-type characteristic is intended to block the
ground distance elements during double-line-to-ground faults.

g) ZERO-SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC

The extra zero-sequence characteristic applies to ground Zones 2 through 4 only and is achieved by checking the angle
between:
A ground element: I_0 × ZD and –V_0
B ground element: I_0 × ZD and –V_0
C ground element: I_0 × ZD and –V_0

8 The limit angle of the comparator is not adjustable and equals 90°. The zero-sequence directional characteristic improves
directional integrity for time-delayed operations after the memory expires.

h) OVERCURRENT SUPERVISION
The overcurrent supervision responds to the following currents:
AB phase element: (IA – IB) / 3
BC phase element: (IB – IC) / 3
CA phase element: (IC – IA) / 3
A ground element: 3 × I_0
B ground element: 3 × I_0
C ground element: 3 × I_0
The following tables summarize the characteristics of the distance elements

8-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS

Table 8–1: MHO PHASE DISTANCE FUNCTIONS

CHARACTERISTIC COMPARATOR INPUTS LIMIT ANGLE
Variable MHO I×Z–V V_1M COMP LIMIT
Reactance I×Z–V I×Z COMP LIMIT
Directional I × ZD V_1M DIR COMP LIMIT

Table 8–2: MHO GROUND DISTANCE FUNCTIONS

CHARACTERISTIC COMPARATOR INPUTS LIMIT ANGLE
Variable MHO I×Z–V V_1M COMP LIMIT
Reactance I×Z–V I_0 × Z COMP LIMIT
Directional I_0 × ZD V_1M DIR COMP LIMIT
Directional I_2 × ZD V_1M DIR COMP LIMIT
Fault-type I_0 I_2 50° (removed during open pole conditions)
Zero-sequence I_0 × ZD –V_0 90° (Zones 2, 3 and 4 only; removed for
Zones 2 and 3 during open pole conditions)

Table 8–3: QUAD PHASE DISTANCE FUNCTIONS

CHARACTERISTIC COMPARATOR INPUTS LIMIT ANGLE
Reactance I×Z–V I×Z COMP LIMIT
Directional I × ZD V_1M DIR COMP LIMIT
Right Blinder I × ZR – V I × ZR 90°
Left Blinder I × ZL – V I × ZL 90°

Table 8–4: QUAD GROUND DISTANCE FUNCTIONS

CHARACTERISTIC COMPARATOR INPUTS LIMIT ANGLE
Reactance I×Z–V I_0 × Z COMP LIMIT
Directional I_0 × ZD V_1M DIR COMP LIMIT
Directional I_2 × ZD V_1M DIR COMP LIMIT
Right Blinder I × ZR – V I × ZR 90°
Left Blinder I × ZL – V I × ZL 90°
Fault-type I_0 I_2 50° (removed during open pole conditions)
Zero-sequence I_0 × ZD –V_0 90° (Zones 2, 3, and 4 only; removed for
Zones 2 and 3 during open pole conditions)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-5

 8.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

8.1.4 MEMORY POLARIZATION

All distance functions use memory polarization. The positive-sequence voltage – either memorized or actual – is used as a
polarizing signal. The memory is established when the positive-sequence voltage remains above 80% of its nominal value
for five power system cycles. The memory voltage is a three-cycle old voltage.
Once established, the memory is applied for the user-specified time interval. The memory timer is started when the voltage
drops below 80% of nominal. After the memory expires, the relay checks the magnitude of the actual positive-sequence
voltage. If it is higher than 10% of nominal, the actual voltage is used; if lower, the memory voltage continues to be used.
The memory-polarized mho has an extra directional integrity built-in as illustrated below. The self-polarized mho character-
istic is shifted in the reverse direction for a forward fault by an amount proportional to the source impedance, and in the for-
ward direction for a reverse fault.
X

Memory-polarized mho
(Reverse fault)

Memory-polarized mho
Self-polarized mho (Forward fault)

837719A1.CDR

Figure 8–2: DYNAMIC SHIFT OF THE MHO CHARACTERISTIC

The same desirable effect of memory polarization applies to the directional comparator of the QUAD characteristic

Memory-
polarized
(Reverse fault)

Self-polarized

8 837724A1.CDR
Memory-
polarized
(Forward fault)

Figure 8–3: DYNAMIC SHIFT OF THE MEMORY-POLARIZED DIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC

Mutual zero-sequence compensation may raise concerns regarding directional integrity on reverse faults in the situation
when the relay gets "overcompensated". This problem does not affect the D60 because its ground distance elements use
zero-sequence and negative-sequence currents in extra directional comparators. Both the currents are from the protected
line and are not affected by any compensation as the latter applies only to the reach defining comparators: the mho, reac-
tance and blinder characteristics.

8-6 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS

8.1.5 DISTANCE ELEMENTS ANALYSIS

This subsection shows how to analyze the operation of the distance elements in steady states using the results of short cir-
cuit studies. All quantities are secondary ohms, volts, and amperes. Ground phase A and phase AB distance elements are
analyzed.
Assume the following settings have been entered:
Phase Rotation: ABC Right Blinder Reach: 10 Ω
Nominal Secondary Voltage: 69.28 V Right Blinder RCA: 88°
Distance Reach: 14 Ω Left Blinder Reach: 5Ω
Distance RCA: 88° Left Blinder RCA: 88°
Directional RCA: 88° Z0/Z1 Magnitude: 4.55
Overcurrent supervision: 3A Z0/Z1 Angle: –12°
Distance Comparator limit angle: 75° Z0M/Z1 Magnitude: 0
Directional Comparator limit angle: 75°
Assume the following signals are injected to the relay:
VA = 64.71 V ∠0.0° (pre-fault) IA = 4.47 A ∠–107.8°
VA = 25.43 V ∠–19.9° IB = 2.92 A ∠68.9°
VB = 80.22 V ∠–133.5° IC = 2.93 A ∠–51.1°
VC = 77.33 V ∠135.7°
Based on the entered setting the relay calculates:
K0 = 3.58 ∠–15.2° ZD = 1 Ω ∠88°
K0M= 0 ZR = 9.99 Ω ∠2°
Z = 14.00 Ω ∠88° ZL = 4.99 Ω ∠178°
For the assumed steady-state injection the relay calculates:
VA_1 = 58.83 V ∠–2.1° –V_0 = 29.18 V ∠8.4°
VA_1M = 64.71 V ∠0.0° (VA–VB)_1 = 93.35 V ∠32.0°
I_0 = 1.37 A ∠–68.2° (VA–VB)_1M = 112.08 V ∠30.0°
IA_2 = 1.37 A ∠–68.1° IA–IB = 7.39 A ∠–109.1°

a) MHO PHASE A GROUND ELEMENT (BEFORE MEMORY EXPIRES)

IA × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IA × K0M × Z – VA = 103.33 V ∠–3.9°
VA_1M = 64.71 V ∠0.0°
IA_2 × ZD = 1.37 V ∠19.8°
I_0 × Z = 19.11 V ∠19.8°
I_0 × ZD = 1.37 V ∠19.8°
• Overcurrent supervision: | 3 × I_0 | = 4.09 A > 3 A 8
• Mho difference angle = | –3.9° – 0° | = 3.9° < 75°
• Reactance difference angle = | –3.9° – 19.8° | = 23.7° < 75°
• Zero-sequence directional difference angle = | 19.8° – 0.0° | = 19.8° < 75°
• Negative-sequence directional difference angle = | 19.8° – 0.0° | = 19.8° < 75°
• Fault-type comparator difference angle = | 19.8° – 19.8° | = 0.0° < 50°
All four comparators and the overcurrent supervision are satisfied.
The MHO phase A ground element will operate for this fault.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-7

 8.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

b) MHO PHASE A GROUND ELEMENT (AFTER MEMORY EXPIRES)

After the memory expires the relay checks the actual positive-sequence voltage and compares it with 10% of the nominal
voltage:
| VA_1 | = 58.83 V > 0.1 × 69.28 V
After the memory expires the relay will use the actual voltage for polarization.
IA × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VA = 103.33 V ∠–3.9°
VA_1 = 58.83 V ∠–2.1°
IA_2 × ZD = 1.37 V ∠19.8°
I_0 × Z = 19.11 V ∠19.8°
I_0 × ZD = 1.37 V ∠19.8°
• Overcurrent supervision: | 3 × I_0 | = 4.09 A > 3 A
• Mho difference angle = | –3.9° – (–2.1°) | = 1.8° < 75°
• Reactance difference angle = | –3.9° – 19.8° | = 23.7° < 75°
• Zero-sequence directional difference angle = | 19.8° – (–2.1°) | = 21.9° < 75°
• Negative-sequence directional difference angle = | 19.8° – (–2.1°) | = 21.9° < 75°
• Fault-type comparator difference angle = | 19.8° – 19.8° | = 0.0° < 50°
All four comparators and the overcurrent supervision are satisfied.
The Zone 1 MHO phase A ground element will operate for this fault.
• Zero-sequence directional difference angle for Zones 2 through 4 (phase A) = | 19.8° – 8.4° | = 11.4° < 90°.
Zones 2 through 4 phase A ground elements will pick-up, time-out and operate.

c) MHO AB PHASE ELEMENT

(IA – IB) × Z – (VA – VB) = 88.65 V ∠–78.7°
(VA – VB)_1M = 112.08 V ∠30.0°
(IA – IB) × Z = 103.50 V ∠–21.2°
(IA – IB) × ZD = 7.39 V ∠–21.2°
• Overcurrent supervision: | (IA – IB) / 3 | = 4.27 A > 3 A
• Mho difference angle = | –78.7° – 30.0° | = 108.7° > 75°
• Reactance difference angle = | –78.7° – (–21.2°) | = 57.5° < 75°
• Directional difference angle = | –21.2° – 30.0° | = 51.2° < 75°
The mho comparator is not satisfied.
The MHO AB phase element will not operate for this fault.
Repeating the above analysis one concludes that out of the six distance elements only the ground element in phase A will
operate for this fault.

8-8 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS

d) QUAD PHASE A TO GROUND ELEMENT (BEFORE MEMORY EXPIRES)

IA × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VA = 103.33 V ∠–3.9°
VA_1M = 64.71 V ∠0.0°
I_0 × Z = 19.11 V ∠19.8°
IA_2 × ZD = 1.37 V ∠19.8°
I_0 × ZD = 1.37 V ∠19.8°
IA × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR – VA= 87.6 V ∠–109.2°
IA × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR = 91.5 V ∠–93.0°
IA × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL– VA= 57.0 V ∠108.7°
IA × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL = 45.8 V ∠82.9°
• Overcurrent supervision: | 3 × I_0 | = 4.09 A > 3 A
• Reactance difference angle = | –3.9° – 19.8° | = 23.7° < 75°
• Zero-sequence difference angle = | –19.8° – 0.0° | = 19.8° < 75°
• Negative-sequence directional difference angle = | –19.8° – 0.0° | = 19.8° < 75°
• Right blinder difference angle = | –93.0° – (–109.2°) | = 16.2° < 90°
• Left blinder difference angle = | 82.9° – 108.7° | = 25.8° < 90°
• Fault-type comparator difference angle = | 19.8° – 19.8° | = 0.0° < 50°
All six comparators and the overcurrent supervision are satisfied.
The QUAD phase A ground element will operate for this fault.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-9

 8.2 PHASE DISTANCE APPLIED TO POWER TRANSFORMERS 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

8.2PHASE DISTANCE APPLIED TO POWER TRANSFORMERS 8.2.1 DESCRIPTION

As a wye-delta transformer introduces discontinuity for the zero-sequence circuit, the ground distance protection cannot be
applied, except special circumstances, to respond to faults behind the transformer.
The phase distance elements, however, could be developed so that both accurate reach and correct fault phase identifica-
tion is retained for faults behind the power transformer as seen from the relaying point. Without appropriate compensation,
the relay's reach would depend on a type of fault, creating considerable difficulties in applying the relay.
The D60 provides for any location of the VTs and CTs with respect to the involved power transformer and the direction of
any given zone.
In the following equations, the VT and CT locations are referenced as "None" if the transformer is not present between the
CT/VT and the intended reach point. Otherwise, the location is to be selected as a type of a transformer as seen from the
VT/CT position towards the intended reach point. The following figure explains the adopted rules.

(a) (b)
delta wye, 330o lag delta wye, 330o lag

Z4 Z4

Z4 XFRM VOL CONNECTION = None Z4 XFRM VOL CONNECTION = Yd1

Z4 XFRM CUR CONNECTION = None Z4 XFRM CUR CONNECTION = None

Z1 Z1

Z1 XFRM VOL CONNECTION = Dy11 Z1 XFRM VOL CONNECTION = None

Z1 XFRM CUR CONNECTION = Dy11 Z1 XFRM CUR CONNECTION = Dy11

(c) (e)
delta wye, 330o lag

L1 L2

Z4 Zone 4
Zone 1
Z4 XFRM VOL CONNECTION = None
Z4 XFRM CUR CONNECTION = Yd1 ZL1 ZT ZL2

8 Z1

Z1 XFRM VOL CONNECTION = Dy11

Z1 XFRM CUR CONNECTION = None

Figure 8–4: APPLICATIONS OF THE "PHS DIST XFMR VOL/CUR CONNECTION" SETTINGS

8-10 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.2 PHASE DISTANCE APPLIED TO POWER TRANSFORMERS

Table 8–5: PHASE DISTANCE INPUT SIGNALS FOR DELTA-WYE TRANSFORMERS

TRANSFORMER LOOP CURRENT VOLTAGE
CONNECTION TRANSFORMATION TRANSFORMATION
None AB IA – IB V AB
BC IB – IC V BC
CA IC – IA V CA
Dy1 AB 1-
3I A ------ ( V AB – V CA )
3
BC 1
3I B ------- ( V BC – V AB )
3
CA 1-
3I C ------ ( V CA – V BC )
3
Dy3 AB 1
I AB_21P = – 3I C V AB_21P = ------- ( V BC – V CA )
3
BC 1
I BC_21P = – 3I A V BC_21P = ------- ( V CA – V AB )
3
CA 1
I CA_21P = – 3I B V CA_21P = ------- ( V AB – V BC )
3
Dy5 AB 1
I AB_21P = – 3I B V AB_21P = ------- ( V BC – V AB )
3
BC 1
I BC_21P = – 3I C V BC_21P = ------- ( V CA – V BC )
3
CA 1
I CA_21P = – 3I A V CA_21P = ------- ( V AB – V CA )
3
Dy7 AB 1
I AB_21P = – 3I A V AB_21P = ------- ( V CA – V AB )
3
BC 1
I BC_21P = – 3I B V BC_21P = ------- ( V AB – V BC )
3
CA 1
I CA_21P = – 3I C V CA_21P = ------- ( V BC – V CA )
3
Dy9 AB 1
I AB_21P = – 3I C V AB_21P = ------- ( V CA – V BC )
3 8
BC 1
I BC_21P = – 3I A V BC_21P = ------- ( V AB – V CA )
3
CA 1
I CA_21P = – 3I B V CA_21P = ------- ( V BC – V AB )
3
Dy11 AB 1
I AB_21P = – 3I B V AB_21P = ------- ( V AB – V BC )
3
BC 1
I BC_21P = – 3I C V BC_21P = ------- ( V BC – V CA )
3
CA 1
I CA_21P = – 3I A V CA_21P = ------- ( V CA – V AB )
3

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-11

 8.2 PHASE DISTANCE APPLIED TO POWER TRANSFORMERS 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

Table 8–6: PHASE DISTANCE INPUT SIGNALS FOR WYE-DELTA TRANSFORMERS

TRANSFORMER LOOP CURRENT VOLTAGE
CONNECTION TRANSFORMATION TRANSFORMATION
Yd1 AB 1
I AB_21P = ------- ( 2I A – I B – I C ) V AB_21P = 3V A
3
BC 1
I BC_21P = ------- ( 2I B – I A – I C ) V BC_21P = 3V B
3
CA 1
I CA_21P = ------- ( 2I C – I A – I B ) V CA_21P = 3V C
3
Yd3 AB 1
I AB_21P = ------- ( I A + I B – 2I C ) V AB_21P = – 3V C
3
BC 1
I BC_21P = ------- ( I B + I C – 2I A ) V BC_21P = – 3V A
3
CA 1
I CA_21P = ------- ( I A + I C – 2I B ) V CA_21P = – 3V B
3
Yd5 AB 1
I AB_21P = ------- ( 2I B – I A – I C ) V AB_21P = 3V B
3
BC 1
I BC_21P = ------- ( 2I C – I A – I B ) V BC_21P = 3V C
3
CA 1
I CA_21P = ------- ( 2I A – I B – I C ) V CA_21P = 3V A
3
Yd7 AB 1
I AB_21P = ------- ( I B + I C – 2I A ) V AB_21P = – 3V A
3
BC 1
I BC_21P = ------- ( I A + I C – 2I B ) V BC_21P = – 3V B
3
CA 1
I CA_21P = ------- ( I A + I B – 2I C ) V CA_21P = – 3V C
3
Yd9 AB 1
I AB_21P = ------- ( 2I C – I A – I B ) V AB_21P = 3V C
3
BC 1
I BC_21P = ------- ( 2I A – I B – I C ) V BC_21P = 3V A
3
CA 1 V CA_21P = 3V B
8 I CA_21P = ------- ( 2I B – I A – I C )
3
Yd11 AB 1
I AB_21P = ------- ( I A + I C – 2I B ) V AB_21P = – 3V B
3
BC 1
I BC_21P = ------- ( I A + I B – 2I C ) V BC_21P = – 3V C
3
CA 1
I CA_21P = ------- ( I B + I C – 2I A ) V CA_21P = – 3V A
3

8-12 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.2 PHASE DISTANCE APPLIED TO POWER TRANSFORMERS

Equations from the "Current Transformation" and "Voltage Transformation" columns are used to derive inputs to the three
(AB, BC, and CA) phase distance elements. For example, if the CTs are located at the delta side of the Delta-wye 11 trans-
former, and a given zone is set to look through the transformer into the system connected to the wye winding, the CT loca-
tion setting for that zone shall be set to Dy11 and the relay would use – 3I B instead of a traditional I A – I B for the AB
phase distance element.
The current supervision pickup setting applies to the currents specified in the "Current Transformation" columns.
A distance zone originates at the location of the VTs (regardless of the location of the CTs). For more information on set-
tings please refer to the APPLICATION OF SETTINGS chapter.

8.2.2 EXAMPLE

Consider the system shown below:

150 MVA, 10%
13.8kV/315kV
delta wye, 330° lag
AB
ZL = 30.11Ω∠85°

H X

VT = 13.8kV/120V VT = 315kV/120V
CT = 8000:5 CT = 300:5
0.688Ω∠85°

2.57Ω∠88.4°

837727A2.CDR

Figure 8–5: SAMPLE SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

Normally, in order to respond to the fault shown in the figure, a distance relay shall be applied at the relaying point X. The
relay input signals at this location are shown in the following table.

INPUT PRIMARY SECONDARY

VA 100.4 kV ∠–7.32° 38.25 V ∠–7.32°
VB 97.23 kV ∠–53.4° 37.04 V ∠–53.4°
VC 181.8 kV ∠–150.0° 69.26 V ∠–150.0°
IA 1.288 kA ∠–27.6° 21.47 A ∠–27.6°
IB 1.288 kA ∠152.4° 21.47 A ∠152.4° 8
IC 0 0

If installed at the location X, the relay would use the following input signals for its phase AB distance element:
V = VAB = 77.402 kV ∠57.5° primary or 29.49 V ∠57.5° secondary
I = IA – IB = 2.576 kA ∠–27.6° primary or 42.93 A ∠–27.6° secondary
And consequently it would see an apparent impedance of:
Zapp = V / I = 30.05 Ω ∠85° primary or 0.687 Ω ∠85° secondary

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-13

 8.2 PHASE DISTANCE APPLIED TO POWER TRANSFORMERS 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

If applied at location H, the relay sees the following input signals:

INPUT PRIMARY SECONDARY

VA 7.584 kV ∠–5.59° 69.95 V ∠–5.59°
VB 6.269 kV ∠–120.1° 54.52 V ∠–120.1°
VC 7.751 kV ∠125.5° 65.84 V ∠125.5°
IA 16.976 kA ∠–27.6° 10.61 A ∠–27.6°
IB 33.952 kA ∠152.4° 21.22 A ∠152.4°
IC 16.976 kA ∠–27.6° 10.61 A ∠–27.6°

The relay is set as follows:

XFMR VOL CONNECTION = "Dy11"
XFMR CUR CONNECTION = "Dy11"

Consequently, the following signals are applied to the phase AB distance element:
1
V = ------- V AB – V BC = 10.861 kV ∠59.9° primary or 94.45 V ∠59.9° secondary (EQ 8.1)
3

I = – 3I B = 58.860 kA ∠– 27.6° primary or 36.75 A ∠– 27.6° secondary (EQ 8.2)

This results in the following apparent impedance:

V 94.45 kV ∠59.9°
Z app = ---- = ----------------------------------------------- = 2.570 Ω ∠87.5° secondary (EQ 8.3)
I 36.75 kA ∠– 27.6 °
The above value is a correct measure of the distance from the VT location to the fault. For relay location 2, this certainly
includes the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer:
2
10 ( 13.8 kV )
Z T ( at 13.8 kV ) = ---------- × ---------------------------- = 0.127Ω ∠90°
100 150 MVA
(EQ 8.4)
13.8 2
Z L ( at 13.8 kV ) = 30.11 ×  ----------- = 0.05779Ω ∠85°
 315 

Thus, 0.127 Ω ∠90° + 0.05779 Ω ∠85° = 0.1847 Ω ∠88.4° primary side or 2.569 Ω ∠88.4° on the secondary side.
The above example illustrates how the relay maintains correct reach for fault behind power transformers. When installed at
X, the relay shall be set to 0.687 Ω ∠85° secondary in order to reach to the fault shown in the figure. When installed at H,
the relay shall be set to 2.569 Ω ∠88.4° to ensure exactly same coverage.
See the APPLICATION OF SETTINGS chapter for more information on setting calculations.

8-14 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.3 GROUND DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT

8.3GROUND DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT 8.3.1 DESCRIPTION

Consider the negative-sequence directional overcurrent element. As illustrated below, the negative-sequence voltage could
be low during internal fault conditions.

(a) (b)
S_op
S_pol

V_2 -V_2 I_2 x Z

V_2 ECA

UR I_2

(c) (d)

I_2 x Z S_pol S_op

-V_2 -V_2 V_2

V_2 >
I_2 * Z_2line ECA

I_2
UR

Figure 8–6: OFFSET IMPEDANCE AUGMENTATION

In order to ensure operation of the element under such circumstances the angle comparator uses a polarizing voltage aug-
mented by the negative-sequence current as per following equations:
• Forward-looking element: S_pol = – V_2 + I_2 × Z_offset × 1 ∠ECA
S_op = I_2 × 1 ∠ECA

• Reverse-looking element: S_pol = – V_2 + I_2 × Z_offset × 1 ∠ECA

S_op = – I_2 × 1 ∠ECA
where: ECA = forward ECA angle (maximum torque angle); Z_offset = offset impedance
The effect of the augmentation for forward and reverse fault is shown in the figures above. As long as the offset impedance
is not higher than the negative-sequence line impedance the element will ensure correct and fast fault direction identifica-
tion for both forward and reverse faults. The same principle applies to the neutral directional overcurrent element.

8.3.2 EXAMPLE

Consider relay input signals as in the DISTANCE ELEMENTS ANALYSIS section and assume an offset impedance of 4 Ω
and ECA and limit angles of 88° and 90°, respectively. The relay calculates the following negative-sequence quantities:
V_2 = 6.39 V ∠–159.6°; I_2 = 1.37 A ∠–68.1°; I_1 = 2.94 A ∠–144.2°
and the following signals for the directional unit of the negative-sequence directional overcurrent element: 8
• Forward-looking element: S_pol = 11.87 V ∠20.2°
S_op = 1.37 V ∠20.2°

• Reverse-looking element: S_pol = 11.87 V ∠20.2°

S_op = 1.37 V ∠– 160.0 °
After comparing the angles, a solid forward indication is given.
Assume further the pickup setting of 0.25 A for both forward and reverse directions, and the "Negative-sequence" mode
setting entered for the overcurrent unit of the element. The relay calculates the operating signal using the positive-
sequence restraint:
I_op = |I_2| – |I_1| / 8 = 1.003 A > 0.25 A.
The overcurrent unit will pickup and the element will operate in the forward direction.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-15

 8.4 SERIES COMPENSATED LINES 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

8.4SERIES COMPENSATED LINES 8.4.1 DESCRIPTION

Faults on or in a close vicinity of series compensated lines may create problems for distance protection:
• Voltage and/or current inversion may lead to false direction discrimination by directional elements. This may potentially
include both a failure to operate on a forward in-zone fault as well as misoperation on a reverse fault. Both distance
and overcurrent directional elements can be affected.
• Series-capacitors and their overvoltage protection equipment (air gaps and/or Metal-Oxide Varistors) have a steady-
state overreaching effect on the apparent impedance seen by the relay - a forward fault may appear much closer to the
relay as compared with the actual fault location. The apparent impedance may be shifted towards the relay by as much
as the total reactance of the series capacitors placed between the potential source of the relay and the fault point. This
extreme steady-state overreach happens during low-current faults when the air-gaps do not flashover or the MOVs do
not conduct any significant current.
• In addition to the above steady-state overreach effect; sub-synchronous oscillations in both currents and voltages may
cause significant transient overreach.
Distance protection elements of the D60 deal with the problem of voltage inversion by using 100% memory polarized direc-
tional comparators. As the memory duration is set longer that the slowest fault clearing time for reverse faults, it is guaran-
teed that the distance element would not pick-up on reverse faults should the voltage inversion happen.
At the same time, it is guaranteed that the distance elements would pick-up for all forward faults regardless of any voltage
inversion as long as the memory voltage is used. Before the memory expires the relay would respond to any fault on the
protected line. Stepped distance backup zones operate after the memory voltage expires. But the backup protection
responds to distant faults that do not cause any inversion of the positive-sequence voltage. As a result, the time-delayed
stepped-distance zones are guaranteed to operate.
Distance protection elements of the D60 deal with the problem of current inversion by using a multi-input-comparator
approach as described in the DISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS subsection. Should the current inversion happen, the dis-
tance elements are secure on reverse faults because multiple conditions involving fault-loop, negative-sequence and zero-
sequence currents and the memory voltage are checked prior to declaring a forward fault.
On close-in forward faults beyond the series capacitors as seen from the relaying point, the current inversion phenomenon
may take place for a short period of time. The condition cannot sustain for a long time as very high fault currents would
occur causing large voltage drops across the series capacitors and prompting the overvoltage protection of the capacitors
to operate quickly. This would effectively remove the series compensation and eliminate the current inversion. However,
when the currents used by distance comparator (fault-loop current for ground and phase distance protection, and the neg-
ative- and zero-sequence currents for ground elements) stay shifted by more than 90 degrees from their natural fault posi-
tion determined by the user as the element characteristic angle, the distance elements may fail to pick-up on such a
forward fault for the brief period of current inversion. This is an inherent attribute of the 100% memory polarized mho ele-
ment, and not a weakness particular to the D60 relay.
Therefore, for dependability, it is recommended to use high-set phase overcurrent protection for direct tripping on close-in
faults potentially causing current inversion, and overreaching ground fault directional overcurrent functions (such as nega-
tive-sequence, ground or neutral) for communication-aided schemes.
The problem of steady-state overreaching due to the negative reactance of the series capacitors may be addressed in the
8 D60 in a traditional way by shortening the reach of an underreaching distance elements to the net inductive reactance of
the line between the potential source and the far end busbar(s). This generic approach has two major drawbacks. First, it
leaves large portion of the line uncovered by the directly tripping distance protection. Second, it does not solve the transient
overreaching problem caused by sub-synchronous oscillations.
Therefore, the D60 offers a unique option for dynamic reach control that is effectively based on the magnitude of the current
flowing through the series capacitor bank(s). The underreaching distance functions can be set as for plain uncompensated
line, i.e. using the impedance of the line alone, and the relay would control an effective reach accordingly using the current
magnitude as illustrated in the figure below.
The reach is reduced sufficiently to cope with both steady-state and transient overreach phenomena. For large degrees of
compensation and small-current faults, the transient overreach may be as high as 100%. This means that fast distance pro-
tection is not achievable. The adaptive D60's mechanism would guarantee security on external faults. Overreaching ground
fault directional overcurrent functions (such as negative-sequence, ground or neutral) shall be used for dependability.

8-16 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.4 SERIES COMPENSATED LINES

X FAR
-E
BUS ND
BAR
SET REACH (ZR)
THE REACH IS
DYNAMICALLY ACTUAL REACH
REDUCED BY FOR VERY HIGH
VL/abs(I) CURRENTS

ACTUAL REACH IS
A FUNCTION OF
CURRENT
MAGNITUDE

ACTUAL REACH
FOR VERY SMALL
CURRENTS R

837729A1.CDR

Figure 8–7: DYNAMIC REACH CONTROL

Section (a) of the figure below shows the effect of adaptive reach control for low-current external fault. The reach is reduced
sufficiently to cope with both transient and steady-state overreach. Section (b) shows a high-current external fault. The air
gaps or MOVs conduct majority of the fault current and neither steady-state nor transient overreach takes place. The relay
does not reduce its reach as it is not necessary. Section (c) shows a high-current internal fault. Because of the large cur-
rent, the reach is not reduced and the element responds to this internal fault. Traditional approach would leave this fault out
of the relay reach.
The neutral and negative-sequence directional protection functions of the relay cope with the voltage and/or current inver-
sions by adding appropriate offset to their polarizing signals as explained in the GROUND DIRECTIONAL OVERCUR-
RENT subsection. The offset impedance can always be successfully selected to guarantee correct fault direction
discrimination regardless of the degree of compensation and location of the series capacitors and the potential source.
Refer to the APPLICATION OF SETTINGS chapter for detailed recommendations on settings for series compensation
applications.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-17

 8.4 SERIES COMPENSATED LINES 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

(a) LOW-CURRENT EXTERNAL

X
FAULT
FAR-E
N
BUSB D
AR
Impedance
RF
Trajectory
Set reach

Z SC&MOV
Steady-state
apparent
impedance

SC
The reach is safely

M OV
reduced
R

HIGH-CURRENT EXTERNAL
(b) FAULT
X

FAR-E
N
BUSB D Impedance
AR
RF Trajectory (no
Set reach subsynchronous
oscillations)

Steady-state
apparent
impedance
SC

The reach is not

M OV

reduced

(c) HIGH-CURRENT INTERNAL

X
FAULT
FAR-E
N
BUSB D

8
AR
Set reach Impedance
Trajectory (no
subsynchronous
oscillations)
RF
Steady-state
apparent
impedance
SC

The reach is not

M OV

reduced

837730A1.CDR

Figure 8–8: DYNAMIC REACH FOR EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL FAULTS

8-18 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING

8.5SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING 8.5.1 OVERVIEW

See the SINGLE POLE OPERATION diagram in this section for an overview of trip and reclose operations.
Single pole operations make use of many features of the relay. At the minimum, the Trip Output, Recloser, Breaker Control,
Open Pole Detector, and Phase Selector must be fully programmed and in service; and either protection elements or digital
inputs representing fault detection must be available for successful operation. When single pole trip-and-reclose is required
overall control within the relay is performed by the Trip Output element. This element includes interfaces with pilot aided
schemes, the Line Pickup, Breaker Control, and Breaker Failure elements.
Single pole operations are based on use of the Phase Selector to identify the type of the fault, to eliminate incorrect fault
identification that can be made by distance elements in some circumstances and to provide trip initiation from elements that
are not capable of any fault type identification, such as high-set negative-sequence directional overcurrent element. The
scheme is also designed to make use of the advantages provided by communications channels with multiple-bit capacities
for fault identification.

Phase Selector
AR RIP
Volts Reset
and Output Fault Locator
Amps
Block Specific Protection Elements
Volts
and
Trip Output Amps
Protection Setting
Elements
1-Pole
Trip 1-Pole
Inputs Setting Request Trip
Open

Pilot- Pole
Aided
Schemes Detector
Trip
A or B or C
Setting Setting

Inputs Outputs Initiate Breaker

1-Pole Failure
Operation
Communications
Channels Breaker Breaker
1 and 2 1 and 2
AG SLG Pole State OOS
BG Faulted
CG Phase

Setting
Permission
AR Enabled S B
e Inputs k
Reset t r
Breaker t
Control i 1
n Outputs &
3-Pole 3-Pole g 2
Trip Trip
Request
Line Pickup Setting
CLOSE 1
CLOSE 2
CLOSE 1
CLOSE 2

Multi - Phase
Operator
Void Force 3-Pole

8
3-Pole Operation
Setting Operation Setting
AR Force 3-P

Initiate
Reclose Request Trip
Initiate
AR Initiate 3-Pole
Recloser

Multi-Phase

837026A3.CDR

Figure 8–9: SINGLE-POLE OPERATION

The Trip Output element receives requests for single and three pole trips and three pole reclose initiation, which it then pro-
cesses to generate outputs that are used to:
• determine whether a single or three pole operation should be performed
• initiate tripping of breaker poles A, B and C, either individually or as a group
• initiate Breaker Failure protection for phases A, B and C, either individually or as a group

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-19

 8.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

• notify the Open Pole Detector when a single pole operation is imminent
• initiate either single or three pole reclosing
• notify the Phase Selector when a trip operation is imminent
When notified that a single pole operation has been initiated Open Pole Detector will:
• initiate blocking of protection elements that could potentially mis-operate when a breaker pole is open
• instruct the Phase Selector to de-assert all outputs, as an Open Pole invalidates calculations.
The operation of the scheme on a line in a single breaker arrangement will be described. The line is protected by a D60
relay using the Line Pickup, Z1 Phase and Ground Distance elements, and a Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip
scheme (using Z2 Phase and Ground distance elements as well as Negative-Sequence Directional Overcurrent elements,
GND DIR O/C FWD: "NEG SEQ OC1 FWD", GND DIR O/C REV: "NEG SEQ OC1 REV"). Z1 is configured to issue a single-pole
trip when appropriate (TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-1: "GND DIST Z1 OP", TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-2: "PHS DIST Z1 OP"). By default the
POTT scheme will issue a single-pole trip. It is assumed that when tripping three-poles both the Z1 and the POTT shall ini-
tiate three-pole reclosing. This is achieved by setting TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-1: "POTT TRIP 3P", TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-2: "GND
DIST Z1 OP", and TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-3: "PHS DIST Z1 OP".
It is assumed for this discussion that the relay features that are shown on SINGLE POLE OPERATION figure have all been
programmed for the application and are in service. The description begins with line breakers open at both the local and
remote ends, and the operation of the scheme is described in chronological order.
Because the line is de-energized the Line Pickup element is armed. The Recloser is presently enabled. An operator
requests that Breaker Control close the breaker, and it operates output relays to close breaker poles A, B and C. This oper-
ator manual close request is also forwarded from BREAKER CONTROL to RECLOSER, which becomes disabled, de-
asserting its ENABLED output. This output is transferred to TRIP OUTPUT, where it converts any input request for a single
pole operation into a three-pole operation. At RECLOSER, the AR1 BLK TIME @ MAN CLOSE timer is started.
The breaker closes and status monitoring contacts on the breaker poles change state; the new breaker pole states are
reported to BREAKER CONTROL, which in turn transfers these states to RECLOSER, TRIP OUTPUT, BREAKER FAIL-
URE and OPEN POLE Detector. Because a fault is not detected the AR1 BLK TIME @ MAN CLOSE times out and the
RECLOSER is enabled, which asserts the ENABLED output, informing TRIP OUTPUT that single pole trip operations are
now permitted. When normal voltage appears on the line the LINE PICKUP element is disarmed. As the local line breaker
has not tripped the operator closes the breaker at the remote end of the line, placing the line in service.
Several scenarios are considered below.

a) SLG FAULT
An AG fault occurs close to the considered relay. Immediately after the fault, the Disturbance Detector (50DD) picks-up and
activates the PHASE SELECTOR. The PHASE SELECTOR recognizes an AG fault by asserting its PHASE SELECT AG
operand. Ground distance Z1 (AG element) responds to the fault. As the fault is close to the relay the phase distance Z1
(AB, CA elements) may respond to this fault as well. In any case, a single-pole operation is requested by Z1 via the GND
DIST Z1 OP and/or PHS DIST Z1 OP operands.
At this moment the request to trip is placed for the TRIP OUTPUT. As the fault is recognized as an AG fault, the TRIP
PHASE A operand is asserted by the TRIP OUTPUT. This signal is passed to the BREAKER CONTROL scheme and
8 results in tripping pole A of the breaker.
Simultaneously with the TRIP PHASE A operand, the TRIP 1-POLE operand is asserted. This operand activates the OPEN
POLE detector. The latter detector responds to the TRIP PHASE A signal by declaring phase A open by asserting OPEN
POLE OP FA (even before it is actually opened). The TRIP PHASE A signal resets only after the breaker actually operates
as indicated by its auxiliary contact. At this moment the OPEN POLE detector responds to the breaker position and contin-
ues to indicate phase A opened. This indication results in establishing blocking signals for neutral and negative-sequence
overcurrent elements (OPEN POLE BLK N), and distance elements (OPEN POLE BLK AB, OPEN POLE BLK CA). The
two latter operands block phase distance AB and CA elements, respectively (all zones); the OPEN POLE FA OP blocks the
ground distance AG elements (all zones). As a result, the Z1 OP and Z2 PKP operands that were picked-up reset immedi-
ately. The following distance elements remain operational guarding the line against evolving faults: BG, CG and BC.

8-20 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING

As Z2 and/or negative-sequence directional elements pick-up due to the fault, the permission to trip is keyed to the remote
end. Assume here that a single-bit channel is used. If so, no extra information is sent to the remote end, just permission to
trip sent over the TX1 operand. Upon receiving permission to trip over the RX1, the POTT decides to trip. The scheme will
check the PHASE SELECTOR for phase type identification and will issue a trip for phase A by asserting the POTT TRIP A
operand. This operand is passed to the TRIP OUTPUT and results in exactly same action as described above for Z1.
Depending on response times, the actual trip is initiated either by the Z1 or by the POTT. At the moment TRIP 1-POLE
operand is asserted, the PHASE SELECTOR resets and no other trip action could take place. After the trip command is
issued all the picked up elements are forced to reset by the OPEN POLE detector.
The TRIP 1-POLE operand initiates automatically a single-pole autoreclose. The AR is started and asserts its AR RIP oper-
and. This operand keeps blocking the PHASE SELECTOR so that it does not respond to any subsequent events. At the
same time the operand removes zero-sequence directional supervision from ground distance zones 2 and 3 so that they
could respond to a single-line-to-ground fault during OPEN POLE conditions.
8 msec after the AR is initiated, the AR FORCE 3-P TRIP operand is asserted. This operand acts as an enabler for any
existing trip request. In this case none of the protection elements is picked up at this time, therefore no more trips are initi-
ated.
When the RECLOSER dead time interval is complete it signals BREAKER CONTROL to close the breaker. BREAKER
CONTROL operates output relays to close the breaker.
When pole A of the breaker closes this new status is reported to BREAKER CONTROL, which transfers this data to
BREAKER FAILURE, RECLOSER, OPEN POLE detector and TRIP OUTPUT. The response at BREAKER FAILURE is
dependent on the programming of that element. The response at RECLOSER is not relevant to this discussion. At OPEN
POLE Detector the blocking signals to protection elements are de-asserted.
If the fault was transient the reset time would expire at RECLOSER and the AR FORCE 3-P TRIP and RIP outputs would
be de-asserted, returning all features to the state described at the beginning of this description.
If the fault was permanent appropriate protection elements would detect it and place a trip request for the TRIP OUTPUT.
As the AR FORCE 3-P TRIP is still asserted, the request is executed as a three-pole trip.
The response of the system from this point is as described above for the second trip, except the RECLOSER will go to lock-
out upon the next initiation (depending on the number of shots programmed).

b) SLG FAULT EVOLVING INTO LLG

When an AG fault occurs the events unfold initially as in the previous example. If the fault evolves quickly, the PHASE
SELECTOR will change its initial assessment from AG to ABG fault and when the trip request is placed either by the Z1 or
the POTT, a trip-pole trip will be initiated. If this is the case, all three TRIP PHASE A, B and C operands will be asserted.
The command is passed to the BREAKER CONTROL element and results in a three-pole trip. At the same time the
RECLOSER is initiated as per settings of the TRIP OUTPUT. As the TRIP 3-POLE operand is asserted (not the TRIP 1-
POLE operand) the OPEN POLE is not activated. Because the AR RIP in progress is asserted, the PHASE SELECTOR is
blocked as well.
If the fault evolves slowly, the sequence is different: The relay trips phase A as in the previous example. The PHASE
SELECTOR Resets, the OPEN POLE detector is activated and forces Z1 and Z2 AG, AB, CA and negative-sequence over-
current elements to reset. If the Z1 BG element picks up, or Z2 BG element picks up resulting in operation of the POTT
scheme, no trip command will be issued until the AR FORCE 3-P TRIP is asserted. This happens 8 msec after the first trip.
If at this time or any time later a request for trip is placed (due to an evolving fault), a three-pole trip is initiated. The TRIP 1-
8
POLE operand is de-asserted by the TRIP 3-POLE operand, resetting the OPEN POLE detector. Shortly all three-poles are
opened.
When the dead time expires, the RECLOSER signals the BREAKER CONTROL to close the breaker. At this time all the
protection elements are operational, as the OPEN POLE is not blocking any elements. If the line-side VTs are used, the
LINE PICKUP element is armed as well. If there is a fault on the line, these elements will pickup the fault and issue next
request for trip. This request results in three-pole trip as the AR FORCE 3-P TRIP is still asserted.
The response of the system from this point is as described above for the second trip, except the RECLOSER will go to lock-
out upon the next initiation (depending on the number of shots programmed).

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-21

 8.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

8.5.2 PHASE SELECTION

The D60 uses phase relations between current symmetrical components for phase selection. First, the algorithm validates
if there is enough zero-, positive-, and negative-sequence currents for reliable analysis. The comparison is adaptive; that is,
the magnitudes of the three symmetrical components used mutually as restraints confirm if a given component is large
enough to be used for phase selection. Once the current magnitudes are validated, the algorithm analyzes phase relations
between the negative and positive-sequence currents and negative and zero-sequence currents (when applicable) as illus-
trated below.
AB, CG,
BG ABG ABG

AG,
I2F AG I2F BCG
BC,
BCG
I1F I0F

CG CA, BG,
CAG CAG 837725A1.CDR

Figure 8–10: PHASE SELECTION PRINCIPLE (ABC PHASE ROTATION)

Due to dual comparisons, the algorithm is very secure. For increased accuracy and to facilitate operation in weak systems,
the pre-fault components are removed from the analyzed currents. The algorithm is very fast and ensures proper phase
selection before any of the correctly set protection elements operates.
Under unusual circumstances such as weak-infeed conditions with the zero-sequence current dominating during any
ground fault, or during cross-country faults, the current-based phase selector may not recognize any of the known fault pat-
tern. If this is the case, voltages are used for phase selection. The voltage algorithm is the same as the current-based algo-
rithm, e.g. phase angles between the zero-, negative-, and positive-sequence voltages are used. The pre-fault values are
subtracted prior to any calculations.
The pre-fault quantities are captured and the calculations start when the DISTURBANCE DETECTOR (50DD) operates.
When the trip command is issued by the TRIP OUTPUT logic (TRIP 1-POLE or TRIP 3-POLE) and during open pole condi-
tions (OPEN POLE OP), the phase selector resets all its output operands and ignores any subsequent operations of the
DISTURBANCE DETECTOR.

FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
TRIP 1-POLE
TRIP 3-POLE OR RESET
OPEN POLE OP
DELAY
0 DELAY FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS

8 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
SRCn 50DD OP
4 cycles
AND 0
150 ms
START
PHASE SELECT AG
PHASE SELECT BG
PHASE SELECT CG
PHASE SELECT AB
PHASE SELECTOR

FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
PHASE SELECT BC
SRCn VT FUSE FAIL OP
PHASE SELECT CA
PHASE SELECT ABG
SETTING
PHASE SELECT BCG
DISTANCE SOURCE: PHASE SELECT CAG
PHASE SELECT 3P
I_0
PHASE SELECT SLG
I_1
PHASE SELECT MULTI-P
I_2
PHASE SELECT VOID
V_0
V_1
V_2
837027A2.CDR

Figure 8–11: PHASE SELECTOR LOGIC

8-22 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING

8.5.3 COMMUNICATIONS CHANNELS FOR PILOT-AIDED SCHEMES

In the D60 relay pilot-aided schemes transmit a code representing the type of fault determined by the local phase selector
according to the scheme logic. At a receiving terminal the local and remote data is combined to determine the action to be
performed. Schemes can be used with channels that can carry one, two or four bits. Using a one-bit channel, the schemes
at all terminals of the line use their local phase selectors to identify the fault type and initiate appropriate tripping actions. In
single pole operation applications however, a three-pole trip can be performed in the event of an in-line single-phase fault
co-incident with a fault on a different phase (cross-country fault) that is within the reach of the local phase selector, which is
considerably longer than the line. This possibility can be reduced by using a two-bit channel, and eliminated by using a
four-bit channel.
Using two-bit channels, the relays can share limited information about their local phase selection, improving considerably
the accuracy of single-pole tripping on cross-country faults. Two-bit channels however can only provide four different mes-
sages, one of which must be “no fault has been detected.” With only three messages available it is not possible to transmit
sufficient information to eliminate the use of local phase selector data, so a three-pole operation can occur in a cross-coun-
try fault condition. Using four-bit channels, the relays share enough information about fault types seen from all the line ter-
minals that local fault selector data can be rejected. In addition, in multiple bit systems the relays do not respond to non-
valid bit combinations, making the protection system more immune to communication problems than in a single bit system.
Each scheme within the relay has a setting that specifies the number of bits available on the associated communications
channel. This setting defines the input (RX1, RX2, RX3, RX4) and output (TX1, TX2, TX3, TX4 for communications and
[SCHEME ABBREVIATION] TRIP A, TRIP B, TRIP C, TRIP 3P for action) operands used by the scheme, the data codes
used to convey fault data between terminals, and the method of combining information from the local and remote terminals
to produce an output.

a) SINGLE BIT CHANNELS

The TX1 and RX1 operands are used, and fault data is coded per the following tables.

Table 8–7: PERMISSIVE SCHEME TRANSMIT CODES FOR 1-BIT CHANNELS

PHASE SELECTOR DETERMINATION OF BIT PATTERN TRANSMITTED
FAULT TYPE
TX1
AG, BC, BCG, BG, CA, CAG, CG, AB, ABG, 3P 1
Unrecognized or AR FORCE 3P TRIP 1
None of the above 0

Table 8–8: BLOCKING SCHEME TRANSMIT CODES FOR 1-BIT CHANNELS

PHASE SELECTOR DETERMINATION OF BIT PATTERN TRANSMITTED
FAULT TYPE
TX1
AG, BC, BCG, BG, CA, CAG, CG, AB, ABG, 3P 0
Unrecognized or AR FORCE 3P TRIP 0
None of the above 1

The action output is generated per the following tables. 8

Table 8–9: PERMISSIVE SCHEME TRIP TABLE FOR 1-BIT CHANNELS
REMOTE DATA LOCAL DATA
BIT PATTERN RECEIVED REMOTE DETERMINATION LOCAL DETERMINATION OF TRIP OUTPUT
OF FAULT TYPE FAULT TYPE
RX1
1 Any AG Fault Trip Phase A
1 Any BG Fault Trip Phase B
1 Any CG Fault Trip Phase C
1 Any MULTI-P, Unrecognized, or Trip Three Phases
AR FORCE 3P TRIP

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-23

 8.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

Table 8–10: BLOCKING SCHEME TRIP TABLE FOR 1-BIT CHANNELS

REMOTE DATA LOCAL DATA
BIT PATTERN RECEIVED REMOTE DETERMINATION LOCAL DETERMINATION OF TRIP OUTPUT
OF FAULT TYPE FAULT TYPE
RX1
0 Any AG Fault Trip Phase A
0 Any BG Fault Trip Phase B
0 Any CG Fault Trip Phase C
0 Any MULTI-P, Unrecognized, or Trip Three Phases
AR FORCE 3P TRIP

The scheme initiates a three-phase trip if the PHASE SELECTOR fails to recognize the fault type or after the AR FORCE
3P TRIP operand is.

b) TWO-BIT CHANNELS
The TX1, TX2, RX1 and RX2 operands are used and fault data is coded per the following tables.

Table 8–11: PERMISSIVE SCHEME TRANSMIT CODES FOR TWO-BIT CHANNELS

PHASE SELECTOR DETERMINATION BIT PATTERN TRANSMITTED
OF FAULT TYPE
TX1 TX2
AG, BC, BCG 1 0
BG, CA, CAG 0 1
CG, AB, ABG, 3P 1 1
Unrecognized or AR FORCE 3P TRIP 1 1
None of the above 0 0

Table 8–12: BLOCKING SCHEME TRANSMIT CODES FOR TWO-BIT CHANNELS

PHASE SELECTOR DETERMINATION BIT PATTERN TRANSMITTED FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS
OF FAULT TYPE ASSERTED
TX1 TX2 TX1 STOP TX2 STOP
AG, BC, BCG 0 1 1 0
BG, CA, CAG 1 0 0 1
CG, AB, ABG, 3P 0 0 1 1
Unrecognized or AR FORCE 3P TRIP 0 0 1 1
None of the above 1 1 0 0

8-24 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING

The action output is generated per the following tables.

Table 8–13: PERMISSIVE SCHEME TRIP TABLE FOR TWO-BIT CHANNELS
REMOTE DATA LOCAL DATA
BIT PATTERN RECEIVED REMOTE DETERMINATION LOCAL DETERMINATION TRIP OUTPUT
OF FAULT TYPE OF FAULT TYPE
RX1 RX2
1 0 AG, BC, BCG AG, AB, ABG CA, CAG, 3P Trip Phase A
0 1 BG, CA, CAG AG
1 1 CG, AB, ABG, 3P AG
0 1 BG, CA, CAG BG, AB, ABG, BC, BCG, 3P Trip Phase B
1 1 CG, AB, ABG, 3P BG
1 0 AG, BC, BCG BG
1 1 CG, AB, ABG, 3P CG, BC, BCG, CA, CAG Trip Phase C
1 0 AG, BC, BCG CG
0 1 BG, CA, CAG CG
1 1 CG, AB, ABG, 3P AB, ABG, 3P Trip Three Phases
1 0 AG, BC, BCG BC, BCG
0 1 BG, CA, CAG CA, CAG

Table 8–14: BLOCKING SCHEME TRIP TABLE FOR TWO-BIT CHANNELS

REMOTE DATA LOCAL DATA
BIT PATTERN RECEIVED REMOTE DETERMINATION LOCAL DETERMINATION TRIP OUTPUT
OF FAULT TYPE OF FAULT TYPE
RX1 RX2
0 1 AG, BC, BCG AG, AB, ABG CA, CAG, 3P Trip Phase A
1 0 BG, CA, CAG AG
0 0 CG, AB, ABG, 3P AG
1 0 BG, CA, CAG BG, AB, ABG, BC, BCG, 3P Trip Phase B
0 0 CG, AB, ABG, 3P BG
0 1 AG, BC, BCG BG
0 0 CG, AB, ABG, 3P CG, BC, BCG, CA, CAG Trip Phase C
0 1 AG, BC, BCG CG
1 0 BG, CA, CAG CG
0 0 CG, AB, ABG, 3P AB, ABG, 3P, Unrecognized, Trip Three Phases
or AR FORCE 3P TRIP
0 1 AG, BC, BCG BC, BCG Unrecognized, or
AR FORCE 3P TRIP
1 0 BG, CA, CAG CA, CAG Unrecognized, or
AR FORCE 3P TRIP

c) FOUR-BIT CHANNELS 8
The TX1, TX2, TX3, TX4, RX1, RX2, RX3 and RX4 operands are used.

Table 8–15: PERMISSIVE SCHEME TRANSMIT CODES FOR 4-BIT CHANNELS

PHASE SELECTOR BIT PATTERN TRANSMITTED
DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE
TX1 TX2 TX3 TX4
AG 1 0 0 0
BG 0 1 0 0
CG 0 0 1 0
MULTI-P 0 0 0 1
Unrecognized or AR FORCE 3P TRIP 0 0 0 1
None of the above 0 0 0 0

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-25

 8.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

Table 8–16: BLOCKING SCHEME TRANSMIT CODES FOR 4-BIT CHANNELS

PHASE SELECTOR BIT PATTERN TRANSMITTED FLEXLOGIC™ OPRERANDS ASSERTED
DETERMINATION OF FAULT
TYPE TX1 TX2 TX3 TX4 TX1 STOP TX2 STOP TX3 STOP TX4 STOP

AG 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
BG 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
CG 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
MULTI-P, Unrecognized, or AR 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
FORCE 3P TRIP
None of the above 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

The action output is generated per the following tables.

Table 8–17: PERMISSIVE SCHEME TRIP TABLE FOR 4-BIT CHANNELS

REMOTE DATA LOCAL DATA
BIT PATTERN RECEIVED REMOTE LOCAL DETERMINATION OF TRIP OUTPUT
DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE
RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 FAULT TYPE
1 0 0 0 AG AG, AB, ABG, CA, CAG, 3P, Trip Phase A
Unrecognized
0 0 0 1 MULTI-P AG
0 1 0 0 BG AG
0 0 1 0 CG AG
0 1 0 0 BG BG, AB, ABG, BC, BCG, 3P, Trip Phase B
Unrecognized
1 0 0 0 AG BG
0 0 1 0 CG BG
0 0 0 1 MULTI-P BG
0 0 1 0 CG CG, BC, BCG, CA, CAG, 3P, Trip Phase C
Unrecognized
1 0 0 0 AG CG
0 1 0 0 BG CG
0 0 0 1 MULTI-P CG
1 0 0 0 AG BC, BCG Trip Three Phases
0 1 0 0 BG CA, CAG
0 0 1 0 CG AB, ABG
0 0 0 1 MULTI-P MULTI-P, Unrecognized
Any valid combination Any AR FORCE 3P TRIP
Any other combination None

8-26 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING

Table 8–18: BLOCKING SCHEME TRIP TABLE FOR FOUR-BIT CHANNELS

REMOTE DATA LOCAL DATA
BIT PATTERN RECEIVED REMOTE LOCAL DETERMINATION TRIP OUTPUT
DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE
RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 OF FAULT TYPE
0 0 0 0 Any while the INIT Trip as for single-bit
signal was not channel
established
0 1 1 1 AG AG, AB, ABG, CA, CAG, 3P, Trip Phase A
Unrecognized
1 1 1 0 MULTI-P AG
1 0 1 1 BG AG
1 1 0 1 CG AG
1 0 1 1 BG BG, AB, ABG, BC, BCG, 3P, Trip Phase B
Unrecognized
0 1 1 1 AG CG
1 1 0 1 BG CG
0 1 1 1 MULTI-P CG
1 1 0 1 CG CG, BC, BCG, CA, CAG, 3P, Trip Phase C
Unrecognized
0 1 1 1 AG CG
1 1 0 1 BG CG
0 1 1 1 MULTI-P CG
0 1 1 1 AG BC, BCG Trip Three Phases
1 0 1 1 BG CA, CAG
1 1 0 1 CG AB, ABG
1 1 1 0 MULTI-P MULTI-P, Unrecognized
0 0 0 0 Any – blocking channel Trip as in a single-bit scheme
was not initiated
Any valid combination (one bit off with the Any Unrecognized or
remaining on) AR FORCE 3P TRIP
Any other combination None

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-27

 8.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

8.5.4 PERMISSIVE ECHO SIGNALING

The “echo” feature can reduce the response time of an over-reaching scheme when a terminal is disconnected from the
line. In this condition, a Zone 2 element at the terminal that remains in-service can detect a fault, but cannot trip, as a per-
missive signal is not received from the remote terminal. This feature is provided in the permissive over-reaching transfer trip
and hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip schemes.
PERMISSIVE OVER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP SCHEME:
When used this feature will “echo” a reliable received permissive signal back to the originating terminal when a line-
end-open condition is identified by the Line Pickup logic. The Permissive Echo is programmed as a one-shot logic. The
echo is sent only once and then the echo logic locks out for a settable period. The duration of the echo pulse does not
depend on the duration or shape of the received RX signals but is settable.
The echo is sent back only if none of the overreaching protection elements operates.
HYBRID PERMISSIVE OVER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP PERMISSIVE ECHO:
When used this feature will “echo” a reliable received permissive signal back to the originating terminal if the line-end-
open condition is recognized by the LINE PICKUP scheme and the fault is not identified as a reverse fault by the zone
4 or the ground directional overcurrent function (if used). The Permissive Echo is programmed as a one-shot logic. The
echo is sent only once and then the echo logic locks out for a settable period. The duration of the echo pulse does not
depend on the duration or shape of the received RX signal but is settable as ECHO DURATION.
The echo is sent back only if none of the overreaching protection elements operates.
PERMISSIVE ECHO OPERANDS AND TRANSMIT CODES:
In single-pole tripping, single-bit channel applications the signal received on bit no. 1 (RX1) is echoed back on bit no. 1
(TX1). In two- and four-bit applications the following Echo Tables apply.

Table 8–19: ECHO TABLE FOR 2-BIT CHANNELS

LOCAL DETERMINATION ECHOED BITS
OF FAULT TYPE
TX1 TX2
AG 1 0
BG 0 1
CG 1 1
MULTI-P, Unrecognized, or Repeat as received
AR FORCE 3P TRIP

Table 8–20: ECHO TABLE FOR 4-BIT CHANNELS

LOCAL DETERMINATION OF ECHOED BITS
FAULT TYPE
TX1 TX2 TX3 TX4
AG 1 0 0 0
BG 0 1 0 0
8 CG 0 0 1 0
MULTI-P, Unrecognized, or Repeat as received
AR FORCE 3P TRIP

8-28 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING

8.5.5 COORDINATION BETWEEN PILOT SCHEMES AND PHASE SELECTOR

For local fault type identification the pilot schemes use the Phase Selector. The latter may fail to respond to certain fault
scenarios. Examples are: simultaneous forward and reverse fault, simultaneous SLG and LL fault involving different
phases (e.g. AG and BC) or two simultaneous faults in the same direction but at very different locations. The Phase Selec-
tor is optimized to either indicate correctly the forward fault or to assert the VOID flag. For example, a combination of AG
and BC is not a valid fault type - it is two different simultaneous faults and as such cannot be described by any single fault
pattern, therefore, the Phase Selector would assert the VOID flag.
The VOID phase selection combined with a local trip request (such as high-set directional overcurrent) will result in three-
pole trip as per TRIP OUTPUT logic.
The Pilot Schemes, however, try to recover more information from the distance elements. Each scheme uses a forward
looking, either underreaching or overreaching, distance zone. A given Pilot Scheme analyzes this zone for fault type identi-
fication if the Phase Selector asserts its VOID flag: the DUTT scheme uses Z1; all the other schemes use Z2. The schemes
analyze all six fault loops of the zone to determine the fault type.
For example, simultaneous forward AG and reverse BG faults may result in the VOID indication. The POTT scheme would
analyze the Z2 response. As only the AG element is picked up, the local phase selection is determined as AG. This is a cor-
rect indication.
Depending on the number of bits used for communications, the accuracy of the overall response will be further improved as
illustrated in the next subsection.
This enhanced operation of the pilot-aided schemes is the reason to use a short pilot scheme priority time when setting the
Trip Output logic. The timer will force the scheme to wait for a decision from the pilot scheme for a short period of time
before accepting any local trip request. The advantage, however, materializes only if more than one-bit communications
channels are used, and is important only on parallel lines or when the application requires maximum accuracy of single-
pole tripping. In other cases, it is not recommended to delay the local trip decision.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 8-29

 8.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING 8 THEORY OF OPERATION

8.5.6 CROSS COUNTRY FAULT EXAMPLE

Assume a single pole operation application where D60 relays are used to protect a two terminal line, (terminals T1 and T2)
using phase and ground distance zone 1, 2 and 3 elements in a permissive over-reaching transfer trip scheme. The perfor-
mance of the system with one- two and four-bit communications channels is outlined for a mid-line phase A-to-ground fault
and a co-incident phase B-to-ground fault just behind terminal T2. Assume also that the reclosers are enabled and reset.
At T1 the following protection elements will pickup:
• Ground Distance Zone 1, 2, and 3 for an AG fault
• Ground Distance Zone 2 and 3 for a BG fault
• Phase Distance Zone 2 and 3 for an AB fault
At T1 the phase selector will determine the fault is type ABG. This response is independent from the distance elements –
the Phase Selector sees two forward faults.
At T2 the following protection elements will pickup:
• Ground Distance Zone 1, 2, and 3 for an AG fault
At T2 the phase selector will determine the fault is type AG. The reverse BG fault is likely to be ignored.
If a one-bit channel is used, terminal T1 will trip three poles but terminal T2 will trip phase A only, (see the Tables below)
which is undesirable.

TERMINAL REMOTE DATA LOCAL DATA

BIT PATTERN RECEIVED REMOTE DETERMINATION LOCAL DETERMINATION TRIP OUTPUT
OF FAULT TYPE OF FAULT TYPE
RX1
T1 1 Any MULTI-P (ABG) Trip Three Phases
T2 1 Any AG Trip Phase A

If a two-bit channel is used both terminals will trip phase A only, (see the Tables below) which is the desired outcome.

TERMINAL REMOTE DATA LOCAL DATA

BIT PATTERN RECEIVED REMOTE DETERMINATION LOCAL DETERMINATION TRIP OUTPUT
OF FAULT TYPE OF FAULT TYPE
RX1 RX2
T1 1 0 AG ABG Trip Phase A
T2 1 1 ABG AG Trip Phase A

If a four-bit channel is used both terminals will trip phase A only, (see the Tables below) which is the desired outcome.

TERMINAL REMOTE DATA LOCAL DATA

BIT PATTERN RECEIVED REMOTE DETERMINATION LOCAL DETERMINATION TRIP OUTPUT

8 T1
RX1
0
RX2
0
RX3
0
RX4
1
OF FAULT TYPE

AG
OF FAULT TYPE

ABG Trip Phase A

T2 1 0 0 0 ABG AG Trip Phase A

8-30 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 9 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS 9.1 APPLICATION GUIDELINES

9 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS 9.1APPLICATION GUIDELINES 9.1.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter provides general application guidelines for stepped distance, overcurrent and pilot protection. Where relevant,
design details and performance characteristics of the D60 are given to facilitate the process of setting the relay for a given
application.

9.1.2 IMPACT OF THE USE OF MEMORY POLARIZATION

As explained in THEORY OF OPERATION chapter, the D60 uses a memorized positive sequence voltage as a polarizing
signal in order to achieve dependable operation for forward faults and secure non-operation for reverse faults.
The dynamic shift of the characteristic ensures improved directionality, but it also means that if a backup function is
required for a reverse fault on the bus, then it is appropriate to reverse the zone 4 so that a time delayed backup function
may be obtained. As mentioned earlier, it may be beneficial to also avoid extremely large reach settings by setting a remote
backup so that it is reverse looking. This strategy can be beneficial if the reduced reach enhances the discrimination
between the load and fault conditions.

9.1.3 HIGH SET OVERCURRENT ELEMENTS

Especially at low SIR values, fast fault clearance times may be seen as extremely important, both from system stability, and
from equipment damage viewpoints. The high-set overcurrent element, when set appropriately, can be extremely useful in
achieving these goals. It helps the setting calculations if the system impedances are reasonably well known.
The overcurrent pick up should be set to the greater of the following values:
1. The maximum infeed seen by the relay, for a close in reverse fault.
2. The maximum fault level seen by the relay for a fault at 100% of the protected line.
The maximum error of the phase overcurrent elements is below 2%. A safety factor of 1.25 should be used to account for
relay errors and system impedance uncertainty.
If CT saturation is an issue such as close to a generation where long lasting dc components are likely to saturate the CTs,
it should be noted that the IOC elements require 1.33 cycle of data to operate for a multiple of pickup of 1.01. For higher
multiples of pickup, the relation between the multiple of pickup and the amount of data required for operation before com-
plete CT saturation is approximately linear. For example, for a multiple of pickup of 4, approximately 1.33 / 4 = 0.332 of
power cycle is required by the phase IOC to operate. The above information should not be confused with the operating
time, which includes some inherent delays such as a trip rated output contact.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 9-1

 9.2 DISTANCE ELEMENTS (STEPPED DISTANCE SCHEME) 9 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS

9.2DISTANCE ELEMENTS (STEPPED DISTANCE SCHEME) 9.2.1 PHASE DISTANCE

a) PHASE CURRENT SUPERVISION AND USAGE OF THE FUSE FAILURE ELEMENT

The phase-to-phase (delta) current is used to supervise the phase distance elements, primarily to ensure that in a de-ener-
gized state the distance elements will not be picked up due to noise or induced voltages, on the line.
However, this supervision feature may also be employed to prevent operation under fuse failure conditions. This obviously
requires that the setting must be above maximum load current and less than the minimum fault conditions for which opera-
tion is expected. This potential problem may be avoided by the use of a separate fuse fail function, which means that the
phase current supervision can be set much lower, typically 2 times the capacitance charging current of the line.
The usage of the fuse fail function is also important during double-contingency events such as an external fault during fuse
fail conditions. The current supervision alone would not prevent maloperation in such circumstances.
It must be kept in mind that the Fuse Failure element provided on the D60 needs some time to detect fuse fail conditions.
This may create a race between the instantaneous Zone 1 and the Fuse Failure element. Therefore, for maximum security,
it is recommended to both set the current supervision above the maximum load current and use the Fuse Failure function.
The current supervision prevents maloperation immediately after the fuse fail condition giving some time for the Fuse Fail-
ure element to take over and block the distance elements permanently. This is of a secondary importance for time-delayed
Zones 2 through 4 as the Fuse Failure element has some extra time for guaranteed operation. The current supervision may
be set below the maximum load current for the time delayed zones.
Blocking distance elements during fuse fail conditions may not be acceptable in some applications and/or under some pro-
tection philosophies. Applied solutions may vary from not using the Fuse Failure element for blocking at all; through using it
and modifying – through FlexLogic™ and multiple setting groups mechanisms – other protection functions or other relays to
provide some protection after detecting fuse fail conditions and blocking the distance elements; to using it and accepting
the fact that the distance protection will not respond to subsequent internal faults until the problem is addressed.
To be fully operational, the Fuse Failure element must be enabled, and its output FlexLogic™ operand must be indi-
cated as the blocking signal for the selected protection elements.
NOTE
For convenience, the current supervision threshold incorporates the square root of 3 factor.

b) PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 1

As typically used for direct tripping, the Zone 1 reach must be chosen so that it does not extend beyond the far end (s) of
the protected line. The Zone 1 provides nominally instantaneous protection for any phase fault within a pre-determined dis-
tance from the relay location. To ensure that no overreach occurs, typically requires a setting of 80 to 90% of the line length,
which covers CT and VT errors, relay inaccuracy and transient overreach as well as uncertainty in the line impedance for
each phase, although transposition may minimize this latter concern. The total relay inaccuracy including both steady state
and transient overreach even when supplied from CVTs under the Source Impedance Ratios of up to 30, is below 5%.

c) PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 2

The Zone 2 is an overreaching element, which essentially covers the final 10 to 20% of the line length with a time delay.
The additional function for the Zone 2 is as a timed backup for faults on the remote bus. Typically the reach is set to 125%
of the positive sequence impedance of the line, to ensure operation, with an adequate margin, for a fault at 100% of the line
length. The necessary time delay must ensure that coordination is achieved with the clearance of a close-in fault on the
next line section, including the breaker operating time.
Typically the Zone 2 time delay would be 0.2 to 0.6 sec., although this may have to be reviewed more carefully if a short line
terminates on the remote bus because the two Zone 2 elements may overlap and therefore not coordinate satisfactorily.

d) PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 3

9 If a remote backup philosophy is followed, then the reach of this element must be set to account for any infeed at the
remote bus, plus the impedance of the longest line which terminates on this remote bus. The time delay must coordinate
with other time-delayed protections on any remote line. Circuit loading limitations created by a long zone reach may be
overcome by using lens or quadrilateral characteristics and/or a load encroachment supervising characteristic. Consider-
ation should also be given to a situation where the load impedance may enter into the relay characteristic for a time longer
than the chosen time delay, which could occur transiently during a system power swing. For this reason the Power Swing
Blocking function should be used.

9-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 9 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS 9.2 DISTANCE ELEMENTS (STEPPED DISTANCE SCHEME)

e) PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 4

A further contribution to remote backup, the reach of this element must be set to account for any infeed at the remote bus.
The time delay must coordinate with other time-delayed protections on the next line. The use of a lens characteristic or the
load encroachment element may be advantageous if load limits are a problem.
To avoid extremely large reach settings, the D60 has the ability to implement any element so that it is reverse looking,
which then can provide a back up for the longest line terminated on the local bus. This strategy can be beneficial if the
reduced reach helps discrimination between the load and fault conditions, but must be implemented at both ends of the
protected line.

9.2.2 GROUND DISTANCE

a) NEUTRAL CURRENT SUPERVISION

The current supervision for the ground distance elements responds to an internally calculated neutral current (3 x I_0). The
setting for this element should be based on twice the zero-sequence line capacitance current or the maximum zero-
sequence unbalance under maximum load conditions. This element should not be used to prevent an output when the load
impedance is inside the distance characteristic on a steady state basis.

b) GROUND DISTANCE ZONE 1

The Zone 1 reach must be set so that nominally instantaneous operation does not extend beyond the end of the protected
line. However this may be somewhat more complicated than for the phase elements, because of zero sequence mutual
induction with an adjacent parallel line, possibly carried on the same tower, which can be out of service and grounded at
multiple points. A fault beyond 100% of the protected line may cause overreach unless the reach is reduced significantly,
sometimes as low as 65% of the line length. If the line being protected does not have a significant interaction with an adja-
cent circuit, then the typical 80% setting may be used. If there is significant mutual coupling between the parallel lines, then
the mutual compensation feature of the ground distance elements can be used instead of a drastic reduction in the reach.
However, even in this case, there is more uncertainty as compared with the phase distance elements because the zero-
sequence impedance of the line and thus the zero-sequence-compensating factors may vary significantly due to weather
and other conditions.

c) GROUND DISTANCE ZONE 2

To ensure that the Zone 2 can see 100% of the line, inter-circuit mutual effects must be considered, as they can contribute
to a significant under-reach. Typically this may occur on double circuit lines, when both lines may carry the same current.
An analytical study should be carried out to determine the appropriate reach setting.
The main purpose of this element is to operate for faults beyond the reach of the local Zone 1 element, and therefore a time
delay must be used similar to the phase fault case.

d) GROUND DISTANCE ZONE 3

This remote back up function must have a reach which is set to account for any infeed at the remote bus, plus the imped-
ance of the longest line which terminates on this remote bus. Similar to the phase fault case, a Zone 3 element must be
time coordinated with timed clearances on the next section.

e) GROUND DISTANCE ZONE 4

As a further contribution to a remote backup philosophy, the reach of this element must be set to account for any infeed at
the remote bus. The time delay must coordinate with other time-delayed protections on the next line. The use of a lens
characteristic or load encroachment element may be advantageous if load limits are a problem. To avoid extremely large
reach settings the D60 has the ability to implement any element, so that it is reverse looking. This strategy can be beneficial
if the reduced reach enhances the discrimination between the load and fault conditions. It should be recognized however 9
that, if adopted, this approach must be implemented at both ends of the protected line.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 9-3

 9.3 PROTECTION SIGNALING SCHEMES 9 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS

9.3PROTECTION SIGNALING SCHEMES 9.3.1 DESCRIPTION

The D60 includes five common pilot-aided schemes:

• direct under-reaching transfer trip (DUTT)
• permissive under-reaching transfer trip (PUTT)
• permissive over-reaching transfer trip (POTT)
• hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip (HYB-POTT)
• directional comparison blocking

9.3.2 DIRECT UNDER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP (DUTT)

This scheme uses an under-reaching Zone 1 distance element to key a transfer trip signal to the remote end(s), where on
receipt, the DUTT pilot scheme operates without any additional supervision.
For proper operation of the scheme the Zone 1 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set
per rules of distance relaying.
The scheme generates an output operand (DUTT TX) that is used to transmit the signal to the remote end. Choices of com-
munications channel include Remote Inputs/Outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunica-
tions facilities the output operand should be assigned to operate an output contact connected to key the transmitter at the
interface.
Note that the same protection signaling may be used by a breaker failure scheme, in which case the signal can be sealed
in by breaker fail for a time longer than the auto-reclose “reclaim” time which then prevents auto-reclose when not required.
A provision for an optional seal-in of the send signal is made to cover those situations where PLC (Power Line Carrier) sig-
naling is used and the signal must be transmitted in a potentially noisy situation due to the fault.
The scheme output operand (DUTT OP) must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output contacts in par-
ticular, in order to make the scheme fully operational. Typically, the output operand should be programmed to initiate a trip,
breaker fail, and auto-reclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application.

9.3.3 PERMISSIVE UNDER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP (PUTT)

This scheme uses an under-reaching Zone 1 distance element to key a transfer trip signal to the remote end where it is
supervised by the over-reaching Zone 2 distance elements.
For proper operation of the scheme the Zone 1 and 2 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured
and set per rules of distance relaying.
The scheme generates an output operand (PUTT TX) that is used to transmit the signal to the remote end. Choices of com-
munications channel include Remote Inputs/Outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunica-
tions facilities the output operand should be assigned to operate an output contact connected to key the transmitter at the
interface.
The PUTT RX PICKUP DELAY timer can be used to ride through spurious PLC receive signals.
The scheme output operand (PUTT OP) must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output contacts in par-
ticular, in order to make the scheme fully operational. Typically, the output operand should be programmed to initiate a trip,
breaker fail, and auto-reclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application.

9 9.3.4 PERMISSIVE OVERREACHING TRANSFER TRIP (POTT)

This scheme is intended for two-terminal line applications only.

This scheme uses an over-reaching Zone 2 distance element to essentially compare the direction to a fault at both the ends
of the line.
Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the Zone 2 distance element
to key the scheme and initiate its operation. This provides increased coverage for high-resistance faults.

9-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 9 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS 9.3 PROTECTION SIGNALING SCHEMES

Good directional integrity is the key requirement for an over-reaching forward-looking protection element used to supple-
ment Zone 2. Even though any FlexLogic™ operand could be used for this purpose allowing the user to combine
responses of various protection elements, or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic™ equations, this extra signal is
primarily meant to be the output operand from either the Negative-Sequence Directional IOC or Neutral Directional IOC.
Both of these elements have separate forward (FWD) and reverse (REV) output operands. The forward indication should
be used (NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD or NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD).
An important consideration is when one of the line terminals is open. It is then necessary to identify this condition and
arrange for a continuous sending of the permissive signal or use a slower but more secure echo feature to send a signal to
the other terminal, which is producing the fault infeed. With any echo scheme however, a means must be provided to avoid
a permanent lock up of the transmit/receive loop. The echo co-ordination (ECHO DURATION) and lock-out (ECHO LOCK-
OUT) timers perform this function by ensuring that the permissive signal is echoed once for a guaranteed duration of time
before going to a lockout for a settable period of time.
It should be recognized that in ring bus or breaker and a half situations, it may be the line disconnect or a combination of
the disconnect and/or the breaker(s) status that is the indication that the terminal is open.
The POTT RX PICKUP DELAY timer is included in the permissive receive path to ride through spurious receive outputs
that may be produced during external faults, when power line carrier is utilized as the communications medium.
No current reversal logic is included for the overreaching phase and ground distance elements, because long reaches are
not usually required for two terminal lines. A situation can occur however, where the ground distance element will have an
extended reach. This situation is encountered when it is desired to account for the zero sequence inter-circuit mutual cou-
pling. This is not a problem for the ground distance elements in the D60 which do have a current reversal logic built into
their design as part of the technique used to improve ground fault directionality.
Unlike the distance protection elements the ground directional overcurrent functions do not have their reach well defined,
therefore the current reversal logic is incorporated for the extra signal supplementing Zone 2 in the scheme. The transient
blocking approach for this POTT scheme is to recognize that a permissive signal has been received and then allow a setta-
ble time TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY for the local forward looking directional element to pick up.
The scheme generates an output operand (POTT TX) that is used to transmit the signal to the remote end. Choices of com-
munications channel include Remote Inputs/Outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunica-
tions facilities the output operand should be assigned to operate an output contact connected to key the transmitter at the
interface. Power Line Carrier (PLC) channels are not recommended for this scheme since the PLC signal can be inter-
rupted by a fault.
For proper operation of the scheme the Zone 2 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set
per rules of distance relaying. The LINE PICKUP element should be enabled, configured and set properly to detect line-
end-open/weak-infeed conditions.
If used by this scheme, the selected ground directional overcurrent function(s) must be enabled, configured and set accord-
ingly The output operand from the scheme (POTT OP) must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output
contacts in particular, in order to make the scheme fully operational. Typically, the output operand should be programmed to
initiate a trip, breaker fail, and auto-reclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application.

9.3.5 HYBRID POTT SCHEME (HYB-POTT)

Generally, this scheme uses an over-reaching Zone 2 distance element to essentially compare the direction to a fault at
both ends of the line. Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the
Zone 2 distance element to key the scheme and initiate its operation. This increases the coverage for high-resistance
faults.
The scheme is intended for three-terminal applications and for weak-infeed conditions. As a long reach of the overreaching
distance element may be required for three-terminal applications, transient blocking logic is provided for both distance and
ground directional overcurrent elements. In order to cope with weak-infeed conditions an echo feature is made available. 9
By default the scheme uses the reverse-looking Zone 4 distance element to identify reverse faults. Additionally, reverse-
looking ground directional overcurrent functions can be used in conjunction with Zone 4.
For proper operation of the scheme the Zone 2 and 4 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured
and set per rules of distance relaying. The LINE PICKUP element should be enabled, configured and set properly to detect
line-end-open/weak-infeed and undervoltage conditions.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 9-5

 9.3 PROTECTION SIGNALING SCHEMES 9 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS

If used by this scheme, the selected ground directional overcurrent function(s) must be enabled, configured and set accord-
ingly.
The scheme generates an output operand (HYBRID POTT TX) that is used to transmit the signal to the remote end.
Choices of communications channel include Remote Inputs/Outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with
telecommunications facilities the output operand should be assigned to operate an output contact connected to key the
transmitter at the interface.
For more application recommendation refer to the POTT scheme.
The output operand from the scheme (HYBRID POTT OP) must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output
contacts in particular, in order to make the scheme fully operational. Typically, the output operand should be programmed to
initiate a trip, breaker fail, and auto-reclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application.

9.3.6 DIRECTIONAL COMPARISON BLOCKING

Generally, the scheme compares the direction to a fault at both ends of the line. Unlike the permissive schemes, the
absence of a blocking signal permits operation of the scheme. Consequently, the scheme is biased toward dependability
and requires an “on/off” type of signaling.
By default this scheme uses only a forward-looking over-reaching Zone 2 distance element to identify forward faults.
Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the Zone 2 distance element
to increase the coverage for high-resistance faults.
By default the scheme uses only a reverse-looking Zone 4 distance element to identify reverse faults. Ground directional
overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the Zone 4 distance element for better time and
sensitivity coordination.
For proper operation of the scheme the Zone 2 and 4 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured
and set per rules of distance relaying.
If used by this scheme, the selected ground directional overcurrent function(s) must be enabled, configured and set accord-
ingly.
The scheme generates output operands (BLOCKING SCHEME TX INIT and BLOCKING SCHEME TX STOP) that are
used control the transmission of signals to the remote end. Choices of communications channel include Remote Inputs/
Outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operand should be
assigned to operate an output contact connected to key the transmitter at the interface.
A blocking scheme may be preferred over a Hybrid-POTT scheme, because of shorter reach settings for the Zone 2 ele-
ments. This follows from the fundamental difference that all zone 2 elements are required to see an internal fault for the
POTT approach, under all system conditions, which in turn, means that the reversed Zone 4 block initiate elements must
also have an increased reach. A blocking scheme on the other hand, can have much shorter Zone 2 reach settings if
sequential clearance can be accepted. The simple rule to ensure that all faults can be cleared, is for each terminal to have
a reach setting equal to the distance to the tap plus twice the distance from the tap to the remote terminal.
The Zone 2 element must have a coordinating timer BLOCK RX CO-ORD PKP DELAY, to ensure that the blocking signal is
received for all external faults that are within the set reach of the local overreaching Zone 2.
Transient blocking logic is implemented via timer TRANS BLOCK, which continues to send a blocking signal for a settable
time TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY, if it was being sent for at least 30 ms during the initial reverse fault set via TRANS
BLOCK PICKUP DELAY.
The output operand from the scheme (BLOCKING SCHEME OP) must be configured to interface with other relay functions,
output contacts in particular, in order to make the scheme fully operational. Typically, the output operand should be pro-
grammed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and auto-reclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application.
9

9-6 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 9 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS 9.4 APPLICATIONS ON SERIES COMPENSATED LINES

9.4APPLICATIONS ON SERIES COMPENSATED LINES 9.4.1 INTRODUCTION

For reasons described in the THEORY OF OPERATION chapter it is recommended to apply a combination of distance,
ground directional overcurrent and high-set overcurrent functions for protection of series compensated lines.
The setting rules described below must take into account variety of system configurations, particularly a status of series
capacitors (in-service, by-passed). Either the worst-case topology shall be considered or - if possible - adaptive settings
shall be applied though the MULTIPLE SETTING GROUPS mechanism.
A line compensating capacitor is a bank of three physical capacitors and their overvoltage protecting devices (air gaps and/
or MOVs). If none of the MOV/gaps conducts any significant current, the positive-, negative- and zero-sequence reactance
of the three-phase bank equal the reactance of the actual (phase) capacitors. Under asymmetrical conditions, however,
such as a single line to ground fault, when only one MOV/gap may operate, the series capacitor bank would create extra
(series) asymmetry in addition to the fault (shunt) asymmetry. The positive-, negative- and zero-sequence impedances will
differ from each other and will not equal the impedance of the phase capacitors. Moreover, there may be mutual coupling
between the sequence networks representing the series capacitor bank. This makes analytical analysis of fault conditions
very burdensome. For setting calculations, however, it is justified to assume the zero-, positive- and negative-sequence
reactance of the capacitor bank equal the reactance of the actual (phase) capacitors. This represents a worst-case low-cur-
rent fault scenario, when the steady-state effects of series compensation are most weighty.

9.4.2 DISTANCE

Traditionally, the reach setting of an underreaching distance function shall be set based on the net inductive impedance
between the potential source of the relay and the far-end busbar, or location for which the zone must not overreach. Faults
behind series capacitors on the protected and adjacent lines need to be considered for this purpose. For further illustration
a sample system shown in the figure below is considered.

voltage
SENDING RECEIVING
protection reactance
BUS BUS
level
0.5 pu 0.6 pu 0.5 pu 0.7 pu
-2 Ω -4 Ω -3 Ω -5 Ω
INFINITE

INFINITE
3Ω 10 Ω 7Ω
BUS

F2 A B B A F1 BUS

Protected Line
Figure 9–1: SAMPLE SERIES COMPENSATED SYSTEM
Assuming 20% security margin, the underreaching zone shall be set as follows.
At the SENDING BUS one must consider an external fault at F1 as the 5 Ω capacitor would contribute to the overreaching
effect. Any fault behind F1 is less severe as extra inductive line impedance increases the apparent impedance:
Reach Setting: 0.8 x (10 – 3 – 5) = 1.6 Ω if the line-side (B) VTs are used
Reach Setting: 0.8 x (10 – 4 – 3 – 5) = –1.6 Ω if the bus-side (A) VTs are used
The negative value means that an underreaching zone cannot be used as the circuit between the potential source of the
relay and an external fault for which the relay must not pick-up, is overcompensated, i.e. capacitive.
At the RECEIVING BUS, one must consider a fault at F2:
Reach Setting: 0.8 x (10 – 4 – 2) = 3.2 Ω if the line-side (B) VTs are used 9
Reach Setting: 0.8 x (10 – 4 – 3 – 2) = 0.8 Ω if the bus-side (A) VTs are used
Practically, however, to cope with the effect of sub-synchronous oscillations, one may need to reduce the reach even more.
As the characteristics of sub-synchronous oscillations are in complex relations with fault and system parameters, no solid
setting recommendations are given with respect to extra security margin for sub-synchronous oscillations. It is strongly rec-
ommended to use a power system simulator to verify the reach settings or to use an adaptive D60 feature for dynamic
reach control.
If the adaptive reach control feature is used, the PHS DIST Z1 VOLT LEVEL setting shall be set accordingly.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 9-7

 9.4 APPLICATIONS ON SERIES COMPENSATED LINES 9 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS

This setting is a sum of the overvoltage protection levels for all the series capacitors located between the relay potential
source and the far-end busbar, or location for which the zone must not overreach. The setting is entered in pu of the phase
VT nominal voltage (RMS, not peak value).
If a minimum fault current level (phase current) is causing a voltage drop across a given capacitor that prompts its air gap
to flash over or its MOV to carry practically all the current, then the series capacitor shall be excluded from the calculations
(the capacitor is immediately by-passed by its overvoltage protection system and does not cause any overreach problems).
If a minimum fault current does not guarantee an immediate capacitor by-pass, then the capacitor must be included in the
calculation: its overvoltage protection level, either air gap flash-over voltage or MOV knee-point voltage, shall be used
(RMS, not peak value).
Assuming none of the series capacitors in the sample system is guaranteed to get by-passed, the following calculations
apply:
For the SENDING BUS: 0.5 + 0.7 = 1.2 pu if the line-side (B) VTs are used
0.6 + 0.5 + 0.7 = 1.8 pu if the bus-side (A) VTs are used
For the RECEIVING BUS: 0.6 + 0.5 = 1.1 pu if the line-side (B) VTs are used
0.6 + 0.5 + 0.5 = 1.6 pu if the bus-side (A) VTs are used

9.4.3 GROUND DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT

Ground directional overcurrent function (negative-sequence or neutral) uses an offset impedance to guarantee correct fault
direction discrimination. The following setting rules apply.
1. If the net impedance between the potential source and the local equivalent system is inductive, then there is no need
for an offset. Otherwise, the offset impedance shall be at least the net capacitive reactance.
2. The offset cannot be higher than the net inductive reactance between the potential source and the remote equivalent
system. For simplicity and extra security, the far-end busbar may be used rather than the remote equivalent system.
As the ground directional functions are meant to provide maximum fault resistance coverage, it is justified to assume that
the fault current is very low and none of the series capacitors is guaranteed to get by-passed. Consider settings of the neg-
ative-sequence directional overcurrent protection element for the SAMPLE SERIES-COMPENSATED SYSTEM.
SENDING BUS relay, bus-side VTs:
• Net inductive reactance from the relay into the local system = –2 + 3 = 1 Ω > 0; there is no need for offset.
• Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = –4 + 10 – 3 = 3 Ω; the offset cannot be higher than 3 Ω.
• It is recommended to use 1.5 Ω offset impedance.
SENDING BUS relay, line-side VTs:
• Net inductive reactance from relay into local system = –2 + 3 – 4 = –3 Ω < 0; an offset impedance ≥3 Ω must be used.
• Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = 10 – 3 = 7 Ω; the offset cannot be higher than 7 Ω.
• It is recommended to use 5 Ω offset impedance.
RECEIVING BUS relay, bus-side VTs:
• Net inductive reactance from relay into local system = –5 + 7 = 2 Ω > 0; there is no need for offset.
• Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = –3 + 10 – 4 = 3 Ω; the offset cannot be higher than 3 Ω.
• It is recommended to use 1.5 Ω offset impedance.
RECEIVING BUS relay, line-side VTs:
9 • Net inductive reactance from relay into local system = –3 – 5 + 7 = –1 Ω < 0; an offset impedance ≥1 Ω must be used.
• Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = 10 – 4 = 6 Ω; the offset cannot be higher than 6 Ω.
• It is recommended to use 3.5 Ω offset impedance.

9.4.4 HIGH-SET PHASE OVERCURRENT

The setting rules for high-set overcurrent protection are explained in the HIGH-SET OVERCURRENT ELEMENTS section.

9-8 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 9 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS 9.5 PHASE DISTANCE THROUGH POWER TRANSFORMERS

9.5PHASE DISTANCE THROUGH POWER TRANSFORMERS 9.5.1 DESCRIPTION

Phase distance elements of the D60 could be set to respond to faults beyond any three-phase power transformer. The
relay guarantees accurate reach and targeting for any phase fault. Moreover, the current and voltage transformers may be
located independently on different sides of the transformer.
The following setting rules apply to this feature:
1. A given distance zone is terminated by location of the VTs, not the CTs.
2. Consequently, the positive-sequence impedance of a transformer must be included in the reach setting only if the
transformer is located between the potential source and the intended reach point.
3. The current signals require compensation if the transformer is located between the CTs and the intended reach point.
If this is the case the CT connection setting shall be set to transformer connection and vector group as seen from the
CTs toward the reach point. Otherwise, the CT connection setting shall be set to "None".
4. The voltage signals require compensation if the transformer is located between the VTs and the intended reach point.
If this is the case the VT connection setting shall be set to transformer connection and vector group as seen from the
VTs toward the reach point. Otherwise, the VT connection setting shall be set to "None".
5. The reach setting is entered in secondary ohms and as such must take into account location and ratios of VTs and CTs
as well as voltage ratio of the involved power transformer.
The following equations explain the setting rules. Consider two applications as shown in the figure below:

(a) (b)
ZH ZT ZX ZH ZT ZX

H X H X

Z4 Z1 Z4 Z1

Figure 9–2: PHASE DISTANCE PROTECTION LOOKING THROUGH A POWER TRANSFORMER

where: ZX = intended reach impedance for Z1 (primary ohms)
ZH = intended reach impedance for Z4 (primary ohms)
ZT = positive-sequence impedance of the transformer
VX, VH = transformer rated voltages
nCT = transformation ratio of the CTs
nVT = transformation ratio of the VTs
Z1: Z1 reach setting (secondary ohms)
Z4: Z4 reach setting (secondary ohms)

a) Z1 SETTING IN APPLICATION (A)

As the transformer is located between the potential source and the reach point for Z1, the reach impedance must include
the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer. In addition, the primary impedance must be re-calculated for the volt-
age level of the VTs and CTs, and eventually, re-calculated to secondary quantities:
V H 2 n CT
Z 1 = ( Z T ( at X ) + Z x ) ×  ------- × ---------
 V X n VT
(EQ 9.1) 9
b) Z4 SETTING IN APPLICATION (A)
As the transformer is not located between the potential source and the reach point for Z4, the reach impedance must not
include the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer. Because both VTs and CTs are located on the same side as
the intended reach point, no correction for the transformer ratio is required. The primary impedance must be only re-calcu-
lated to secondary quantities:

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay 9-9

 9.5 PHASE DISTANCE THROUGH POWER TRANSFORMERS 9 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS

n CT
Z 4 = Z H × --------- (EQ 9.2)
n VT

c) Z1 SETTING IN APPLICATION (B)

As the transformer is not located between the potential source and the reach point for Z1, the reach impedance must not
include the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer. The CTs are located on the other side of the transformer, thus
transformer ratio must be included:
VH n CT
Z 1 = Z X ×  ------- × --------- (EQ 9.3)
VX n VT

d) Z4 SETTING IN APPLICATION (B)

As the transformer is located between the potential source and the reach point for Z4, the reach impedance must include
the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer. The VTs are located on the other side of the transformer, thus trans-
former ratio must be included:
VX n CT
Z 4 = ( Z T ( at H ) + Z H ) ×  ------- × --------- (EQ 9.4)
 V H n VT

9.5.2 EXAMPLE

Given the following for the system shown in the previous section:
ZX = 30 Ω ∠85° (intended reach of Zone 1)
ZH = 0.06 Ω ∠88° (intended reach of Zone 4)
nCT = 8000:5 = 1600 (located at H)
nVT = 315000:120 = 2625 (located at X)
Transformer: 13.8/315 kV, 150 MVA, 10%, delta/wye, 315 kV side lagging 30°
Transformer impedance:
2
10 ( 13.8 )
Z T ( at H ) = ---------- × ------------------- = 0.127Ω ∠90° (EQ 9.5)
100 150
The Z1 settings are:
13.8 1600
Z 1 = 30 × ----------- × ------------- = 0.8011Ω ∠85° (EQ 9.6)
315 2625
PHS DIST Z1 REACH: "0.80"
PHS DIST Z1 RCA: "85"
PHS DIST Z1 XMFR VOL CONNECTION: "None"
PHS DIST Z1 XMFR CUR CONNECTION: "Dy1"

The Z4 settings are:

315 1600
Z 4 = ( 0.127 ∠90° + 0.006 ∠88° ) × ----------- × ------------- = 2.601Ω ∠89.4° (EQ 9.7)
13.8 2625
PHS DIST Z4 REACH: "2.60"
PHS DIST Z4 RCA: "89"

9 PHS DIST Z4 XMFR VOL CONNECTION: "Yd11"

PHS DIST Z4 XMFR CUR CONNECTION: "None"

9-10 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX A A.1 FLEXANALOG PARAMETERS

APPENDIX A FLEXANALOGA.1FLEXANALOG PARAMETERS A.1.1 PARAMETER LIST

A
Table A–1: FLEXANALOG PARAMETERS (Sheet 1 of 4) Table A–1: FLEXANALOG PARAMETERS (Sheet 2 of 4)
SETTING DISPLAY TEXT DESCRIPTION SETTING DISPLAY TEXT DESCRIPTION
0 Off Placeholder for unused settings 6658 1 Vbg RMS SRC 1 Phase BG Voltage RMS (V)
6144 1 Ia RMS SRC 1 Phase A Current RMS (A) 6660 1 Vcg RMS SRC 1 Phase CG Voltage RMS (V)
6146 1 Ib RMS SRC 1 Phase B Current RMS (A) 6662 1 Vag Mag SRC 1 Phase AG Voltage Magnitude (V)
6148 1 Ic RMS SRC 1 Phase C Current RMS (A) 6664 1 Vag Angle SRC 1 Phase AG Voltage Angle (°)
6150 1 In RMS SRC 1 Neutral Current RMS (A) 6665 1 Vbg Mag SRC 1 Phase BG Voltage Magnitude (V)
6152 1 Ia Mag SRC 1 Phase A Current Magnitude (A) 6667 1 Vbg Angle SRC 1 Phase BG Voltage Angle (°)
6154 1 Ia Angle SRC 1 Phase A Current Angle (°) 6668 1 Vcg Mag SRC 1 Phase CG Voltage Magnitude (V)
6155 1 Ib Mag SRC 1 Phase B Current Magnitude (A) 6670 1 Vcg Angle SRC 1 Phase CG Voltage Angle (°)
6157 1 Ib Angle SRC 1 Phase B Current Angle (°) 6671 1 Vab RMS SRC 1 Phase AB Voltage RMS (V)
6158 1 Ic Mag SRC 1 Phase C Current Magnitude (A) 6673 1 Vbc RMS SRC 1 Phase BC Voltage RMS (V)
6160 1 Ic Angle SRC 1 Phase C Current Angle (°) 6675 1 Vca RMS SRC 1 Phase CA Voltage RMS (V)
6161 1 In Mag SRC 1 Neutral Current Magnitude (A) 6677 1 Vab Mag SRC 1 Phase AB Voltage Magnitude (V)
6163 1 In Angle SRC 1 Neutral Current Angle (°) 6679 1 Vab Angle SRC 1 Phase AB Voltage Angle (°)
6164 1 Ig RMS SRC 1 Ground Current RMS (A) 6680 1 Vbc Mag SRC 1 Phase BC Voltage Magnitude (V)
6166 1 Ig Mag SRC 1 Ground Current Magnitude (A) 6682 1 Vbc Angle SRC 1 Phase BC Voltage Angle (°)
6168 1 Ig Angle SRC 1 Ground Current Angle (°) 6683 1 Vca Mag SRC 1 Phase CA Voltage Magnitude (V)
6169 1 I_0 Mag SRC 1 Zero Seq Current Magnitude (A) 6685 1 Vca Angle SRC 1 Phase CA Voltage Angle (°)
6171 1 I_0 Angle SRC 1 Zero Sequence Current Angle (°) 6686 1 Vx RMS SRC 1 Auxiliary Voltage RMS (V)
6172 1 I_1 Mag SRC 1 Pos Seq Current Magnitude (A) 6688 1 Vx Mag SRC 1 Auxiliary Voltage Magnitude (V)
6174 1 I_1 Angle SRC 1 Pos Seq Current Angle (°) 6690 1 Vx Angle SRC 1 Auxiliary Voltage Angle (°)
6175 1 I_2 Mag SRC 1 Neg Seq Current Magnitude (A) 6691 1 V_0 Mag SRC 1 Zero Seq Voltage Magnitude (V)
6177 1 I_2 Angle SRC 1 Neg Seq Current Angle (°) 6693 1 V_0 Angle SRC 1 Zero Sequence Voltage Angle (°)
6178 1 Igd Mag SRC 1 Diff Gnd Current Magnitude (A) 6694 1 V_1 Mag SRC 1 Pos Seq Voltage Magnitude (V)
6180 1 Igd Angle SRC 1 Diff Gnd Current Angle (°) 6696 1 V_1 Angle SRC 1 Positive Seq Voltage Angle (°)
6208 SRC 2 Ia RMS SRC 2 Phase A Current RMS (A) 6697 1 V_2 Mag SRC 1 Neg Seq Voltage Magnitude (V)
6210 SRC 2 Ib RMS SRC 2 Phase B Current RMS (A) 6699 1 V_2 Angle SRC 1 Negative Seq Voltage Angle (°)
6212 SRC 2 Ic RMS SRC 2 Phase C Current RMS (A) 6720 SRC 2 Vag RMS SRC 2 Phase AG Voltage RMS (V)
6214 SRC 2 In RMS SRC 2 Neutral Current RMS (A) 6722 SRC 2 Vbg RMS SRC 2 Phase BG Voltage RMS (V)
6216 SRC 2 Ia Mag SRC 2 Phase A Current Magnitude (A) 6724 SRC 2 Vcg RMS SRC 2 Phase CG Voltage RMS (V)
6218 SRC 2 Ia Angle SRC 2 Phase A Current Angle (°) 6726 SRC 2 Vag Mag SRC 2 Phase AG Voltage Magnitude (V)
6219 SRC 2 Ib Mag SRC 2 Phase B Current Magnitude (A) 6728 SRC 2 Vag Angle SRC 2 Phase AG Voltage Angle (°)
6221 SRC 2 Ib Angle SRC 2 Phase B Current Angle (°) 6729 SRC 2 Vbg Mag SRC 2 Phase BG Voltage Magnitude (V)
6222 SRC 2 Ic Mag SRC 2 Phase C Current Magnitude (A) 6731 SRC 2 Vbg Angle SRC 2 Phase BG Voltage Angle (°)
6224 SRC 2 Ic Angle SRC 2 Phase C Current Angle (°) 6732 SRC 2 Vcg Mag SRC 2 Phase CG Voltage Magnitude (V)
6225 SRC 2 In Mag SRC 2 Neutral Current Magnitude (A) 6734 SRC 2 Vcg Angle SRC 2 Phase CG Voltage Angle (°)
6227 SRC 2 In Angle SRC 2 Neutral Current Angle (°) 6735 SRC 2 Vab RMS SRC 2 Phase AB Voltage RMS (V)
6228 SRC 2 Ig RMS SRC 2 Ground Current RMS (A) 6737 SRC 2 Vbc RMS SRC 2 Phase BC Voltage RMS (V)
6230 SRC 2 Ig Mag SRC 2 Ground Current Magnitude (A) 6739 SRC 2 Vca RMS SRC 2 Phase CA Voltage RMS (V)
6232 SRC 2 Ig Angle SRC 2 Ground Current Angle (°) 6741 SRC 2 Vab Mag SRC 2 Phase AB Voltage Magnitude (V)
6233 SRC 2 I_0 Mag SRC 2 Zero Seq Current Magnitude (A) 6743 SRC 2 Vab Angle SRC 2 Phase AB Voltage Angle (°)
6235 SRC 2 I_0 Angle SRC 2 Zero Sequence Current Angle (°) 6744 SRC 2 Vbc Mag SRC 2 Phase BC Voltage Magnitude (V)
6236 SRC 2 I_1 Mag SRC 2 Pos Seq Current Magnitude (A) 6746 SRC 2 Vbc Angle SRC 2 Phase BC Voltage Angle (°)
6238 SRC 2 I_1 Angle SRC 2 Positive Seq Current Angle (°) 6747 SRC 2 Vca Mag SRC 2 Phase CA Voltage Magnitude (V)
6239 SRC 2 I_2 Mag SRC 2 Neg Seq Current Magnitude (A) 6749 SRC 2 Vca Angle SRC 2 Phase CA Voltage Angle (°)
6241 SRC 2 I_2 Angle SRC 2 Negative Seq Current Angle (°) 6750 SRC 2 Vx RMS SRC 2 Auxiliary Voltage RMS (V)
6242 SRC 2 Igd Mag SRC 2 Diff Gnd Current Magnitude (A) 6752 SRC 2 Vx Mag SRC 2 Auxiliary Voltage Magnitude (V)
6244 SRC 2 Igd Angle SRC 2 Differential Gnd Current Angle (°) 6754 SRC 2 Vx Angle SRC 2 Auxiliary Voltage Angle (°)
6656 1 Vag RMS SRC 1 Phase AG Voltage RMS (V) 6755 SRC 2 V_0 Mag SRC 2 Zero Seq Voltage Magnitude (V)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay A-1

 A.1 FLEXANALOG PARAMETERS APPENDIX A

Table A–1: FLEXANALOG PARAMETERS (Sheet 3 of 4) Table A–1: FLEXANALOG PARAMETERS (Sheet 4 of 4)

A SETTING DISPLAY TEXT

6757 SRC 2 V_0 Angle
DESCRIPTION
SRC 2 Zero Sequence Voltage Angle (°)
SETTING DISPLAY TEXT
9223 Synchchk 2 Delta
DESCRIPTION
Synchrocheck 2 Delta Phase (°)
Phs
6758 SRC 2 V_1 Mag SRC 2 Pos Seq Voltage Magnitude (V)
32768 Tracking Frequency Tracking Frequency (Hz)
6760 SRC 2 V_1 Angle SRC 2 Positive Seq Voltage Angle (°)
39425 FlexElement 1 FlexElement 1 Actual
6761 SRC 2 V_2 Mag SRC 2 Neg Seq Voltage Magnitude (V) Value
6763 SRC 2 V_2 Angle SRC 2 Negative Seq Voltage Angle (°) 39427 FlexElement 2 FlexElement 2 Actual
7168 1P SRC 1 Three Phase Real Power (W) Value

7170 1 Pa SRC 1 Phase A Real Power (W) 39429 FlexElement 3 FlexElement 3 Actual
Value
7172 1 Pb SRC 1 Phase B Real Power (W)
39431 FlexElement 4 FlexElement 4 Actual
7174 1 Pc SRC 1 Phase C Real Power (W) Value
7176 1Q SRC 1 Three Phase Reactive Power (var) 39433 FlexElement 5 FlexElement 5 Actual
Value
7178 1 Qa SRC 1 Phase A Reactive Power (var)
39435 FlexElement 6 FlexElement 6 Actual
7180 1 Qb SRC 1 Phase B Reactive Power (var) Value
7182 1 Qc SRC 1 Phase C Reactive Power (var) 39437 FlexElement 7 FlexElement 7 Actual
Value
7184 1S SRC 1 Three Phase Apparent Power (VA)
39439 FlexElement 8 FlexElement 8 Actual
7186 1 Sa SRC 1 Phase A Apparent Power (VA) Value
7188 1 Sb SRC 1 Phase B Apparent Power (VA) 40960 Communications Communications Group
7190 1 Sc SRC 1 Phase C Apparent Power (VA) Group

7192 1 PF SRC 1 Three Phase Power Factor 40971 Active Setting Current Setting Group
Group
7193 1 Phase A PF SRC 1 Phase A Power Factor
7194 1 Phase B PF SRC 1 Phase B Power Factor
7195 1 Phase C PF SRC 1 Phase C Power Factor
7200 SRC 2 P SRC 2 Three Phase Real Power (W)
7202 SRC 2 Pa SRC 2 Phase A Real Power (W)
7204 SRC 2 Pb SRC 2 Phase B Real Power (W)
7206 SRC 2 Pc SRC 2 Phase C Real Power (W)
7208 SRC 2 Q SRC 2 Three Phase Reactive Power (var)
7210 SRC 2 Qa SRC 2 Phase A Reactive Power (var)
7212 SRC 2 Qb SRC 2 Phase B Reactive Power (var)
7214 SRC 2 Qc SRC 2 Phase C Reactive Power (var)
7216 SRC 2 S SRC 2 Three Phase Apparent Power (VA)
7218 SRC 2 Sa SRC 2 Phase A Apparent Power (VA)
7220 SRC 2 Sb SRC 2 Phase B Apparent Power (VA)
7222 SRC 2 Sc SRC 2 Phase C Apparent Power (VA)
7224 SRC 2 PF SRC 2 Three Phase Power Factor
7225 SRC 2 Phase A PF SRC 2 Phase A Power Factor
7226 SRC 2 Phase B PF SRC 2 Phase B Power Factor
7227 SRC 2 Phase C PF SRC 2 Phase C Power Factor
7552 1 Frequency SRC 1 Frequency (Hz)
7553 SRC 2 Frequency SRC 2 Frequency (Hz)
8704 Brk 1 Arc Amp A Breaker 1 Arcing Amp Phase A (kA2-cyc)
8706 Brk 1 Arc Amp B Breaker 1 Arcing Amp Phase B (kA2-cyc)
8708 Brk 1 Arc Amp C Breaker 1 Arcing Amp Phase C (kA2-cyc)
8710 Brk 2 Arc Amp A Breaker 2 Arcing Amp Phase A (kA2-cyc)
8712 Brk 2 Arc Amp B Breaker 2 Arcing Amp Phase B (kA2-cyc)
8714 Brk 2 Arc Amp C Breaker 2 Arcing Amp Phase C (kA2-cyc)
9216 Synchchk 1 Delta V Synchrocheck 1 Delta Voltage (V)
9218 Synchchk 1 Delta F Synchrocheck 1 Delta Frequency (Hz)
9219 Synchchk 1 Delta Synchrocheck 1 Delta Phase (°)
Phs
9220 Synchchk 2 Delta V Synchrocheck 2 Delta Voltage (V)
9222 Synchchk 2 Delta F Synchrocheck 2 Delta Frequency (Hz)

A-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.1 OVERVIEW

APPENDIX B MODBUS® RTU PROTOCOLB.1OVERVIEW B.1.1 INTRODUCTION

The UR series relays support a number of communications protocols to allow connection to equipment such as personal
computers, RTUs, SCADA masters, and programmable logic controllers. The Modicon Modbus RTU protocol is the most
basic protocol supported by the UR. Modbus is available via RS232 or RS485 serial links or via ethernet (using the Mod-
bus/TCP specification). The following description is intended primarily for users who wish to develop their own master com-
munication drivers and applies to the serial Modbus RTU protocol. Note that:
• The UR always acts as a slave device, meaning that it never initiates communications; it only listens and responds to B
requests issued by a master computer.
• For Modbus®, a subset of the Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) protocol format is supported that allows extensive monitor-
ing, programming, and control functions using read and write register commands.

B.1.2 PHYSICAL LAYER

The Modbus® RTU protocol is hardware-independent so that the physical layer can be any of a variety of standard hard-
ware configurations including RS232 and RS485. The relay includes a faceplate (front panel) RS232 port and two rear ter-
minal communications ports that may be configured as RS485, fiber optic, 10BaseT, or 10BaseF. Data flow is half-duplex in
all configurations. See Chapter 3: HARDWARE for details on wiring.
Each data byte is transmitted in an asynchronous format consisting of 1 start bit, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and possibly 1 parity
bit. This produces a 10 or 11 bit data frame. This can be important for transmission through modems at high bit rates (11 bit
data frames are not supported by many modems at baud rates greater than 300).
The baud rate and parity are independently programmable for each communications port. Baud rates of 300, 1200, 2400,
4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 28800, 33600, 38400, 57600, or 115200 bps are available. Even, odd, and no parity are avail-
able. Refer to the COMMUNICATIONS section of the SETTINGS chapter for further details.
The master device in any system must know the address of the slave device with which it is to communicate. The relay will
not act on a request from a master if the address in the request does not match the relay’s slave address (unless the
address is the broadcast address – see below).
A single setting selects the slave address used for all ports, with the exception that for the faceplate port, the relay will
accept any address when the Modbus® RTU protocol is used.

B.1.3 DATA LINK LAYER

Communications takes place in packets which are groups of asynchronously framed byte data. The master transmits a
packet to the slave and the slave responds with a packet. The end of a packet is marked by ‘dead-time’ on the communica-
tions line. The following describes general format for both transmit and receive packets. For exact details on packet format-
ting, refer to subsequent sections describing each function code.

Table B–1: MODBUS PACKET FORMAT

DESCRIPTION SIZE
SLAVE ADDRESS 1 byte
FUNCTION CODE 1 byte
DATA N bytes
CRC 2 bytes
DEAD TIME 3.5 bytes transmission time

SLAVE ADDRESS
This is the address of the slave device that is intended to receive the packet sent by the master and to perform the desired
action. Each slave device on a communications bus must have a unique address to prevent bus contention. All of the
relay’s ports have the same address which is programmable from 1 to 254; see Chapter 5 for details. Only the addressed
slave will respond to a packet that starts with its address. Note that the faceplate port is an exception to this rule; it will act
on a message containing any slave address.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-1

 B.1 OVERVIEW APPENDIX B

A master transmit packet with a slave address of 0 indicates a broadcast command. All slaves on the communication link
will take action based on the packet, but none will respond to the master. Broadcast mode is only recognized when associ-
ated with FUNCTION CODE 05h. For any other function code, a packet with broadcast mode slave address 0 will be
ignored.
FUNCTION CODE
This is one of the supported functions codes of the unit which tells the slave what action to perform. See the SUPPORTED
FUNCTION CODES section for complete details. An exception response from the slave is indicated by setting the high
B order bit of the function code in the response packet. See the EXCEPTION RESPONSES section for further details.
DATA
This will be a variable number of bytes depending on the function code. This may include actual values, settings, or
addresses sent by the master to the slave or by the slave to the master.
CRC
This is a two byte error checking code. The RTU version of Modbus® includes a 16 bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC-16)
with every packet which is an industry standard method used for error detection. If a Modbus® slave device receives a
packet in which an error is indicated by the CRC, the slave device will not act upon or respond to the packet thus preventing
any erroneous operations. See the CRC-16 ALGORITHM section for a description of how to calculate the CRC.
DEAD TIME
A packet is terminated when no data is received for a period of 3.5 byte transmission times (about 15 ms at 2400 bps, 2 ms
at 19200 bps, and 300 µs at 115200 bps). Consequently, the transmitting device must not allow gaps between bytes longer
than this interval. Once the dead time has expired without a new byte transmission, all slaves start listening for a new
packet from the master except for the addressed slave.

B-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.1 OVERVIEW

B.1.4 CRC-16 ALGORITHM

The CRC-16 algorithm essentially treats the entire data stream (data bits only; start, stop and parity ignored) as one contin-
uous binary number. This number is first shifted left 16 bits and then divided by a characteristic polynomial
(11000000000000101B). The 16 bit remainder of the division is appended to the end of the packet, MSByte first. The
resulting packet including CRC, when divided by the same polynomial at the receiver will give a zero remainder if no trans-
mission errors have occurred. This algorithm requires the characteristic polynomial to be reverse bit ordered. The most sig-
nificant bit of the characteristic polynomial is dropped, since it does not affect the value of the remainder.
B
Note: A C programming language implementation of the CRC algorithm will be provided upon request.

Table B–2: CRC-16 ALGORITHM

SYMBOLS: --> data transfer
A 16 bit working register
Alow low order byte of A
Ahigh high order byte of A
CRC 16 bit CRC-16 result
i,j loop counters
(+) logical EXCLUSIVE-OR operator
N total number of data bytes
Di i-th data byte (i = 0 to N-1)
G 16 bit characteristic polynomial = 1010000000000001 (binary) with MSbit dropped and bit order reversed
shr (x) right shift operator (th LSbit of x is shifted into a carry flag, a '0' is shifted into the MSbit of x, all other bits
are shifted right one location)

ALGORITHM: 1. FFFF (hex) --> A

2. 0 --> i
3. 0 --> j
4. Di (+) Alow --> Alow
5. j + 1 --> j
6. shr (A)
7. Is there a carry? No: go to 8
Yes: G (+) A --> A and continue.
8. Is j = 8? No: go to 5
Yes: continue
9. i + 1 --> i
10. Is i = N? No: go to 3
Yes: continue
11. A --> CRC

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-3

 B.2 FUNCTION CODES APPENDIX B

B.2FUNCTION CODES B.2.1 SUPPORTED FUNCTION CODES

Modbus® officially defines function codes from 1 to 127 though only a small subset is generally needed. The relay supports
some of these functions, as summarized in the following table. Subsequent sections describe each function code in detail.
FUNCTION CODE MODBUS DEFINITION GE MULTILIN DEFINITION
HEX DEC

B 03
04
3
4
Read Holding Registers
Read Holding Registers
Read Actual Values or Settings
Read Actual Values or Settings
05 5 Force Single Coil Execute Operation
06 6 Preset Single Register Store Single Setting
10 16 Preset Multiple Registers Store Multiple Settings

B.2.2 FUNCTION CODE 03H/04H: READ ACTUAL VALUES OR SETTINGS

This function code allows the master to read one or more consecutive data registers (actual values or settings) from a relay.
Data registers are always 16 bit (two byte) values transmitted with high order byte first. The maximum number of registers
that can be read in a single packet is 125. See the section MODBUS® MEMORY MAP for exact details on the data regis-
ters.
Since some PLC implementations of Modbus® only support one of function codes 03h and 04h, the relay interpretation
allows either function code to be used for reading one or more consecutive data registers. The data starting address will
determine the type of data being read. Function codes 03h and 04h are therefore identical.
The following table shows the format of the master and slave packets. The example shows a master device requesting 3
register values starting at address 4050h from slave device 11h (17 decimal); the slave device responds with the values 40,
300, and 0 from registers 4050h, 4051h, and 4052h, respectively.

Table B–3: MASTER AND SLAVE DEVICE PACKET TRANSMISSION EXAMPLE

MASTER TRANSMISSION SLAVE RESPONSE
PACKET FORMAT EXAMPLE (HEX) PACKET FORMAT EXAMPLE (HEX)
SLAVE ADDRESS 11 SLAVE ADDRESS 11
FUNCTION CODE 04 FUNCTION CODE 04
DATA STARTING ADDRESS - hi 40 BYTE COUNT 06
DATA STARTING ADDRESS - lo 50 DATA #1 - hi 00
NUMBER OF REGISTERS - hi 00 DATA #1 - lo 28
NUMBER OF REGISTERS - lo 03 DATA #2 - hi 01
CRC - lo A7 DATA #2 - lo 2C
CRC - hi 4A DATA #3 - hi 00
DATA #3 - lo 00
CRC - lo 0D
CRC - hi 60

B-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.2 FUNCTION CODES

B.2.3 FUNCTION CODE 05H: EXECUTE OPERATION

This function code allows the master to perform various operations in the relay. Available operations are in the table SUM-
MARY OF OPERATION CODES.
The following table shows the format of the master and slave packets. The example shows a master device requesting the
slave device 11H (17 dec) to perform a reset. The hi and lo CODE VALUE bytes always have the values ‘FF’ and ‘00’
respectively and are a remnant of the original Modbus® definition of this function code.
B
Table B–4: MASTER AND SLAVE DEVICE PACKET TRANSMISSION EXAMPLE
MASTER TRANSMISSION SLAVE RESPONSE
PACKET FORMAT EXAMPLE (HEX) PACKET FORMAT EXAMPLE (HEX)
SLAVE ADDRESS 11 SLAVE ADDRESS 11
FUNCTION CODE 05 FUNCTION CODE 05
OPERATION CODE - hi 00 OPERATION CODE - hi 00
OPERATION CODE - lo 01 OPERATION CODE - lo 01
CODE VALUE - hi FF CODE VALUE - hi FF
CODE VALUE - lo 00 CODE VALUE - lo 00
CRC - lo DF CRC - lo DF
CRC - hi 6A CRC - hi 6A

Table B–5: SUMMARY OF OPERATION CODES (FUNCTION CODE 05H)

OPERATION DEFINITION DESCRIPTION
CODE (HEX)
0000 NO OPERATION Does not do anything.
0001 RESET Performs the same function as the faceplate RESET key.
0005 CLEAR EVENT RECORDS Performs the same function as the faceplate CLEAR EVENT RECORDS menu
command.
0006 CLEAR OSCILLOGRAPHY Clears all oscillography records.
1000 to 101F VIRTUAL IN 1-32 ON/OFF Sets the states of Virtual Inputs 1 to 32 either “ON” or “OFF”.

B.2.4 .FUNCTION CODE 06H: STORE SINGLE SETTING

This function code allows the master to modify the contents of a single setting register in an relay. Setting registers are
always 16 bit (two byte) values transmitted high order byte first.
The following table shows the format of the master and slave packets. The example shows a master device storing the
value 200 at memory map address 4051h to slave device 11h (17 dec).

Table B–6: MASTER AND SLAVE DEVICE PACKET TRANSMISSION EXAMPLE

MASTER TRANSMISSION SLAVE RESPONSE
PACKET FORMAT EXAMPLE (HEX) PACKET FORMAT EXAMPLE (HEX)
SLAVE ADDRESS 11 SLAVE ADDRESS 11
FUNCTION CODE 06 FUNCTION CODE 06
DATA STARTING ADDRESS - hi 40 DATA STARTING ADDRESS - hi 40
DATA STARTING ADDRESS - lo 51 DATA STARTING ADDRESS - lo 51
DATA - hi 00 DATA - hi 00
DATA - lo C8 DATA - lo C8
CRC - lo CE CRC - lo CE
CRC - hi DD CRC - hi DD

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-5

 B.2 FUNCTION CODES APPENDIX B

B.2.5 FUNCTION CODE 10H: STORE MULTIPLE SETTINGS

This function code allows the master to modify the contents of a one or more consecutive setting registers in a relay. Set-
ting registers are 16-bit (two byte) values transmitted high order byte first. The maximum number of setting registers that
can be stored in a single packet is 60. The following table shows the format of the master and slave packets. The example
shows a master device storing the value 200 at memory map address 4051h, and the value 1 at memory map address
4052h to slave device 11h (17 dec).
B Table B–7: MASTER AND SLAVE DEVICE PACKET TRANSMISSION EXAMPLE
MASTER TRANSMISSION SLAVE RESPONSE
PACKET FORMAT EXAMPLE (HEX) PACKET FORMAT EXMAPLE (HEX)
SLAVE ADDRESS 11 SLAVE ADDRESS 11
FUNCTION CODE 10 FUNCTION CODE 10
DATA STARTING ADDRESS - hi 40 DATA STARTING ADDRESS - hi 40
DATA STARTING ADDRESS - lo 51 DATA STARTING ADDRESS - lo 51
NUMBER OF SETTINGS - hi 00 NUMBER OF SETTINGS - hi 00
NUMBER OF SETTINGS - lo 02 NUMBER OF SETTINGS - lo 02
BYTE COUNT 04 CRC - lo 07
DATA #1 - high order byte 00 CRC - hi 64
DATA #1 - low order byte C8
DATA #2 - high order byte 00
DATA #2 - low order byte 01
CRC - low order byte 12
CRC - high order byte 62

B.2.6 EXCEPTION RESPONSES

Programming or operation errors usually happen because of illegal data in a packet. These errors result in an exception
response from the slave. The slave detecting one of these errors sends a response packet to the master with the high order
bit of the function code set to 1.
The following table shows the format of the master and slave packets. The example shows a master device sending the
unsupported function code 39h to slave device 11.

Table B–8: MASTER AND SLAVE DEVICE PACKET TRANSMISSION EXAMPLE

MASTER TRANSMISSION SLAVE RESPONSE
PACKET FORMAT EXAMPLE (HEX) PACKET FORMAT EXAMPLE (HEX)
SLAVE ADDRESS 11 SLAVE ADDRESS 11
FUNCTION CODE 39 FUNCTION CODE B9
CRC - low order byte CD ERROR CODE 01
CRC - high order byte F2 CRC - low order byte 93
CRC - high order byte 95

B-6 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.3 FILE TRANSFERS

B.3FILE TRANSFERS B.3.1 OBTAINING UR FILES USING MODBUS® PROTOCOL

The UR relay has a generic file transfer facility, meaning that you use the same method to obtain all of the different types of
files from the unit. The Modbus registers that implement file transfer are found in the "Modbus File Transfer (Read/Write)"
and "Modbus File Transfer (Read Only)" modules, starting at address 3100 in the Modbus Memory Map. To read a file from
the UR relay, use the following steps:
1. Write the filename to the "Name of file to read" register using a write multiple registers command. If the name is shorter
than 80 characters, you may write only enough registers to include all the text of the filename. Filenames are not case B
sensitive.
2. Repeatedly read all the registers in "Modbus File Transfer (Read Only)" using a read multiple registers command. It is
not necessary to read the entire data block, since the UR relay will remember which was the last register you read. The
"position" register is initially zero and thereafter indicates how many bytes (2 times the number of registers) you have
read so far. The "size of..." register indicates the number of bytes of data remaining to read, to a maximum of 244.
3. Keep reading until the "size of..." register is smaller than the number of bytes you are transferring. This condition indi-
cates end of file. Discard any bytes you have read beyond the indicated block size.
4. If you need to re-try a block, read only the "size of.." and "block of data", without reading the position. The file pointer is
only incremented when you read the position register, so the same data block will be returned as was read in the pre-
vious operation. On the next read, check to see if the position is where you expect it to be, and discard the previous
block if it is not (this condition would indicate that the UR relay did not process your original read request).
The UR relay retains connection-specific file transfer information, so files may be read simultaneously on multiple Modbus
connections.
a) OBTAINING FILES FROM THE UR USING OTHER PROTOCOLS
All the files available via Modbus may also be retrieved using the standard file transfer mechanisms in other protocols (for
example, TFTP or MMS).

b) COMTRADE, OSCILLOGRAPHY AND DATA LOGGER FILES

Oscillography and data logger files are formatted using the COMTRADE file format per IEEE PC37.111 Draft 7c (02 Sep-
tember 1997). The files may be obtained in either text or binary COMTRADE format.

c) READING OSCILLOGRAPHY FILES

Familiarity with the oscillography feature is required to understand the following description. Refer to the OSCILLOGRA-
PHY section in the SETTINGS chapter for additional details.
The Oscillography_Number_of_Triggers register is incremented by one every time a new oscillography file is triggered
(captured) and cleared to zero when oscillography data is cleared. When a new trigger occurs, the associated oscillography
file is assigned a file identifier number equal to the incremented value of this register; the newest file number is equal to the
Oscillography_Number_of_Triggers register. This register can be used to determine if any new data has been captured by
periodically reading it to see if the value has changed; if the number has increased then new data is available.
The Oscillography_Number_of_Records setting specifies the maximum number of files (and the number of cycles of data
per file) that can be stored in memory of the relay. The Oscillography_Available_Records register specifies the actual num-
ber of files that are stored and still available to be read out of the relay.
Writing ‘Yes’ (i.e. the value 1) to the Oscillography_Clear_Data register clears oscillography data files, clears both the
Oscillography_Number_of_Triggers and Oscillography_Available_Records registers to zero, and sets the
Oscillography_Last_Cleared_Date to the present date and time.
To read binary COMTRADE oscillography files, read the following filenames:
• OSCnnnn.CFG
• OSCnnn.DAT
Replace "nnn" with the desired oscillography trigger number. For ASCII format, use the following file names
• OSCAnnnn.CFG
• OSCAnnn.DAT

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-7

 B.3 FILE TRANSFERS APPENDIX B

d) READING DATA LOGGER FILES

Familiarity with the data logger feature is required to understand this description. Refer to the DATA LOGGER section of
Chapter 5 for details. To read the entire data logger in binary COMTRADE format, read the following files.
• datalog.cfg
• datalog.dat
To read the entire data logger in ASCII COMTRADE format, read the following files.
B • dataloga.cfg
• dataloga.dat
To limit the range of records to be returned in the COMTRADE files, append the following to the filename before writing it:
• To read from a specific time to the end of the log: <space> startTime
• To read a specific range of records: <space> startTime <space> endTime
• Replace <startTime> and <endTime> with Julian dates (seconds since Jan. 1 1970) as numeric text.

e) READING EVENT RECORDER FILES

To read the entire event recorder contents in ASCII format (the only available format), use the following filename:
• EVT.TXT
To read from a specific record to the end of the log, use the following filename:
• EVTnnn.TXT (replace "nnn" with the desired starting record number)

f) READING FAULT REPORT FILES

Fault report data has been available via the UR file retrieval mechanism since firmware version 2.00. The file name is
faultReport#####.htm. The ##### refers to the fault report record number. The fault report number is a counter that
indicates how many fault reports have ever occurred. The counter rolls over at a value of 65535. Only the last ten fault
reports are available for retrieval; a request for a non-existent fault report file will yield a null file. The current value fault
report counter is available in “Number of Fault Reports” Modbus register at location 0x3020.
For example, if 14 fault reports have occurred then the files faultReport5.htm, faultReport6.htm, up to
faultReport14.htm are available to be read. The expected use of this feature has an external master periodically poll-
ing the “Number of Fault Reports' register. If the value changes, then the master reads all the new files.
The contents of the file is in standard HTML notation and can be viewed via any commercial browser.

B.3.2 MODBUS® PASSWORD OPERATION

The COMMAND password is set up at memory location 4000. Storing a value of "0" removes COMMAND password protec-
tion. When reading the password setting, the encrypted value (zero if no password is set) is returned. COMMAND security
is required to change the COMMAND password. Similarly, the SETTING password is set up at memory location 4002.
These are the same settings and encrypted values found in the SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" PASSWORD SECURITY
menu via the keypad. Enabling password security for the faceplate display will also enable it for Modbus, and vice-versa.
To gain COMMAND level security access, the COMMAND password must be entered at memory location 4008. To gain
SETTING level security access, the SETTING password must be entered at memory location 400A. The entered SETTING
password must match the current SETTING password setting, or must be zero, to change settings or download firmware.
COMMAND and SETTING passwords each have a 30-minute timer. Each timer starts when you enter the particular pass-
word, and is re-started whenever you “use” it. For example, writing a setting re-starts the SETTING password timer and
writing a command register or forcing a coil re-starts the COMMAND password timer. The value read at memory location
4010 can be used to confirm whether a COMMAND password is enabled or disabled (0 for Disabled). The value read at
memory location 4011 can be used to confirm whether a SETTING password is enabled or disabled.
COMMAND or SETTING password security access is restricted to the particular port or particular TCP/IP connection on
which the entry was made. Passwords must be entered when accessing the relay through other ports or connections, and
the passwords must be re-entered after disconnecting and re-connecting on TCP/IP.

B-8 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

B.4MEMORY MAPPING B.4.1 MODBUS® MEMORY MAP

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 1 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
Product Information (Read Only)
0000 UR Product Type 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
0002 Product Version
Product Information (Read Only -- Written by Factory)
0 to 655.35 --- 0.01 F001 1
B
0010 Serial Number --- --- --- F203 "0"
0020 Manufacturing Date 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F050 0
0022 Modification Number 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
0040 Order Code --- --- --- F204 "Order Code x "
0090 Ethernet MAC Address --- --- --- F072 0
0093 Reserved (13 items) --- --- --- F001 0
00A0 CPU Module Serial Number --- --- --- F203 (none)
00B0 CPU Supplier Serial Number --- --- --- F203 (none)
00C0 Ethernet Sub Module Serial Number (8 items) --- --- --- F203 (none)
Self Test Targets (Read Only)
0200 Self Test States (2 items) 0 to 4294967295 0 1 F143 0
Front Panel (Read Only)
0204 LED Column x State (10 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F501 0
0220 Display Message --- --- --- F204 (none)
0248 Last Key Pressed 0 to 42 --- 1 F530 0 (None)
Keypress Emulation (Read/Write)
0280 Simulated keypress -- write zero before each keystroke 0 to 38 --- 1 F190 0 (No key -- use
between real key)
Virtual Input Commands (Read/Write Command) (32 modules)
0400 Virtual Input x State 0 to 1 --- 1 F108 0 (Off)
0401 ...Repeated for module number 2
0402 ...Repeated for module number 3
0403 ...Repeated for module number 4
0404 ...Repeated for module number 5
0405 ...Repeated for module number 6
0406 ...Repeated for module number 7
0407 ...Repeated for module number 8
0408 ...Repeated for module number 9
0409 ...Repeated for module number 10
040A ...Repeated for module number 11
040B ...Repeated for module number 12
040C ...Repeated for module number 13
040D ...Repeated for module number 14
040E ...Repeated for module number 15
040F ...Repeated for module number 16
0410 ...Repeated for module number 17
0411 ...Repeated for module number 18
0412 ...Repeated for module number 19
0413 ...Repeated for module number 20
0414 ...Repeated for module number 21
0415 ...Repeated for module number 22
0416 ...Repeated for module number 23
0417 ...Repeated for module number 24
0418 ...Repeated for module number 25
0419 ...Repeated for module number 26
041A ...Repeated for module number 27
041B ...Repeated for module number 28
041C ...Repeated for module number 29
041D ...Repeated for module number 30
041E ...Repeated for module number 31

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-9

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 2 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
041F ...Repeated for module number 32
Digital Counter States (Read Only Non-Volatile) (8 modules)
0800 Digital Counter x Value -2147483647 to --- 1 F004 0
2147483647
0802 Digital Counter x Frozen -2147483647 to --- 1 F004 0
2147483647

B 0804
0806
Digital Counter x Frozen Time Stamp
Digital Counter x Frozen Time Stamp us
0 to 4294967295
0 to 4294967295
---
---
1
1
F050
F003
0
0
0808 ...Repeated for module number 2
0810 ...Repeated for module number 3
0818 ...Repeated for module number 4
0820 ...Repeated for module number 5
0828 ...Repeated for module number 6
0830 ...Repeated for module number 7
0838 ...Repeated for module number 8
FlexStates (Read Only)
0900 FlexState Bits (16 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
Element States (Read Only)
1000 Element Operate States (64 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F502 0
User Displays Actuals (Read Only)
1080 Formatted user-definable displays (8 items) --- --- --- F200 (none)
Modbus User Map Actuals (Read Only)
1200 User Map Values (256 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
Element Targets (Read Only)
14C0 Target Sequence 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
14C1 Number of Targets 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
Element Targets (Read/Write)
14C2 Target to Read 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
Element Targets (Read Only)
14C3 Target Message --- --- --- F200 "."
Digital I/O States (Read Only)
1500 Contact Input States (6 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F500 0
1508 Virtual Input States (2 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F500 0
1510 Contact Output States (4 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F500 0
1518 Contact Output Current States (4 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F500 0
1520 Contact Output Voltage States (4 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F500 0
1528 Virtual Output States (4 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F500 0
1530 Contact Output Detectors (4 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F500 0
Remote I/O States (Read Only)
1540 Remote Device x States 0 to 65535 --- 1 F500 0
1542 Remote Input States (2 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F500 0
1550 Remote Devices Online 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 0 (No)
Remote Device Status (Read Only) (16 modules)
1551 Remote Device x StNum 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0
1553 Remote Device x SqNum 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0
1555 ...Repeated for module number 2
1559 ...Repeated for module number 3
155D ...Repeated for module number 4
1561 ...Repeated for module number 5
1565 ...Repeated for module number 6
1569 ...Repeated for module number 7
156D ...Repeated for module number 8
1571 ...Repeated for module number 9
1575 ...Repeated for module number 10
1579 ...Repeated for module number 11
157D ...Repeated for module number 12
1581 ...Repeated for module number 13

B-10 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 3 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
1585 ...Repeated for module number 14
1589 ...Repeated for module number 15
158D ...Repeated for module number 16
Platform Direct I/O States (Read Only)
15C0 Direct Input States (6 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F500 0
15C8
15C9
Platform Direct Out Average Message Return Time 1
Platform Direct Out Average Message Return Time 2
0 to 65535
0 to 65535
ms
ms
1
1
F001
F001
0
0
B
15D0 Direct Device States 0 to 65535 --- 1 F500 0
Ethernet Fibre Channel Status (Read/Write)
1610 Ethernet Primary Fibre Channel Status 0 to 2 --- 1 F134 0 (Fail)
1611 Ethernet Secondary Fibre Channel Status 0 to 2 --- 1 F134 0 (Fail)
Data Logger Actuals (Read Only)
1618 Data Logger Channel Count 0 to 16 CHNL 1 F001 0
1619 Time of oldest available samples 0 to 4294967295 seconds 1 F050 0
161B Time of newest available samples 0 to 4294967295 seconds 1 F050 0
161D Data Logger Duration 0 to 999.9 DAYS 0.1 F001 0
1682 ...Repeated for module number 2
Source Current (Read Only) (6 modules)
1800 Phase A Current RMS 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
1802 Phase B Current RMS 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
1804 Phase C Current RMS 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
1806 Neutral Current RMS 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
1808 Phase A Current Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
180A Phase A Current Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
180B Phase B Current Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
180D Phase B Current Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
180E Phase C Current Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
1810 Phase C Current Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1811 Neutral Current Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
1813 Neutral Current Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1814 Ground Current RMS 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
1816 Ground Current Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
1818 Ground Current Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1819 Zero Sequence Current Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
181B Zero Sequence Current Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
181C Positive Sequence Current Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
181E Positive Sequence Current Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
181F Negative Sequence Current Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
1821 Negative Sequence Current Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1822 Differential Ground Current Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 A 0.001 F060 0
1824 Differential Ground Current Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1825 Reserved (27 items) --- --- --- F001 0
1840 ...Repeated for module number 2
1880 ...Repeated for module number 3
18C0 ...Repeated for module number 4
1900 ...Repeated for module number 5
1940 ...Repeated for module number 6
Source Voltage (Read Only) (6 modules)
1A00 Phase AG Voltage RMS 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A02 Phase BG Voltage RMS 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A04 Phase CG Voltage RMS 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A06 Phase AG Voltage Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A08 Phase AG Voltage Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1A09 Phase BG Voltage Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A0B Phase BG Voltage Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1A0C Phase CG Voltage Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-11

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 4 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
1A0E Phase CG Voltage Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1A0F Phase AB or AC Voltage RMS 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A11 Phase BC or BA Voltage RMS 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A13 Phase CA or CB Voltage RMS 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A15 Phase AB or AC Voltage Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0

B 1A17
1A18
Phase AB or AC Voltage Angle
Phase BC or BA Voltage Magnitude
-359.9 to 0
0 to 999999.999 V
° 0.1
0.001
F002
F060
0
0
1A1A Phase BC or BA Voltage Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1A1B Phase CA or CB Voltage Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A1D Phase CA or CB Voltage Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1A1E Auxiliary Voltage RMS 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A20 Auxiliary Voltage Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A22 Auxiliary Voltage Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1A23 Zero Sequence Voltage Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A25 Zero Sequence Voltage Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1A26 Positive Sequence Voltage Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A28 Positive Sequence Voltage Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1A29 Negative Sequence Voltage Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 V 0.001 F060 0
1A2B Negative Sequence Voltage Angle -359.9 to 0 ° 0.1 F002 0
1A2C Reserved (20 items) --- --- --- F001 0
1A40 ...Repeated for module number 2
1A80 ...Repeated for module number 3
1AC0 ...Repeated for module number 4
1B00 ...Repeated for module number 5
1B40 ...Repeated for module number 6
Source Power (Read Only) (6 modules)
1C00 Three Phase Real Power -1000000000000 to W 0.001 F060 0
1000000000000
1C02 Phase A Real Power -1000000000000 to W 0.001 F060 0
1000000000000
1C04 Phase B Real Power -1000000000000 to W 0.001 F060 0
1000000000000
1C06 Phase C Real Power -1000000000000 to W 0.001 F060 0
1000000000000
1C08 Three Phase Reactive Power -1000000000000 to var 0.001 F060 0
1000000000000
1C0A Phase A Reactive Power -1000000000000 to var 0.001 F060 0
1000000000000
1C0C Phase B Reactive Power -1000000000000 to var 0.001 F060 0
1000000000000
1C0E Phase C Reactive Power -1000000000000 to var 0.001 F060 0
1000000000000
1C10 Three Phase Apparent Power -1000000000000 to VA 0.001 F060 0
1000000000000
1C12 Phase A Apparent Power -1000000000000 to VA 0.001 F060 0
1000000000000
1C14 Phase B Apparent Power -1000000000000 to VA 0.001 F060 0
1000000000000
1C16 Phase C Apparent Power -1000000000000 to VA 0.001 F060 0
1000000000000
1C18 Three Phase Power Factor -0.999 to 1 --- 0.001 F013 0
1C19 Phase A Power Factor -0.999 to 1 --- 0.001 F013 0
1C1A Phase B Power Factor -0.999 to 1 --- 0.001 F013 0
1C1B Phase C Power Factor -0.999 to 1 --- 0.001 F013 0
1C1C Reserved (4 items) --- --- --- F001 0
1C20 ...Repeated for module number 2
1C40 ...Repeated for module number 3
1C60 ...Repeated for module number 4
1C80 ...Repeated for module number 5
1CA0 ...Repeated for module number 6

B-12 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 5 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
Source Frequency (Read Only) (6 modules)
1D80 Frequency 2 to 90 Hz 0.01 F001 0
1D81 ...Repeated for module number 2
1D82 ...Repeated for module number 3
1D83 ...Repeated for module number 4
1D84
1D85
...Repeated for module number 5
...Repeated for module number 6
B
Breaker Arcing Current Actuals (Read Only Non-Volatile) (2 modules)
2200 Breaker x Arcing Amp Phase A 0 to 99999999 kA2-cyc 1 F060 0
2202 Breaker x Arcing Amp Phase B 0 to 99999999 kA2-cyc 1 F060 0
2204 Breaker x Arcing Amp Phase C 0 to 99999999 kA2-cyc 1 F060 0
2206 ...Repeated for module number 2
Breaker Arcing Current Commands (Read/Write Command) (2 modules)
220C Breaker x Arcing Clear Command 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 0 (No)
220D ...Repeated for module number 2
Fault Location (Read Only)
2350 Prefault Phase A Current Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 --- 0.001 F060 0
2352 Prefault Phase B Current Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 --- 0.001 F060 0
2354 Prefault Phase C Current Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 --- 0.001 F060 0
2356 Prefault Zero Seq Current 0 to 999999.999 --- 0.001 F060 0
2358 Prefault Pos Seq Current 0 to 999999.999 --- 0.001 F060 0
235A Prefault Neg Seq Current 0 to 999999.999 --- 0.001 F060 0
235C Prefault Phase A Voltage 0 to 999999.999 --- 0.001 F060 0
235E Prefault Phase B Voltage 0 to 999999.999 --- 0.001 F060 0
2360 Prefault Phase C Voltage 0 to 999999.999 --- 0.001 F060 0
2362 Last Fault Location based on Line length (km or miles) -3276.7 to 3276.7 --- 0.1 F002 0
Synchrocheck Actuals (Read Only) (2 modules)
2400 Synchrocheck X Delta Voltage -1000000000000 to V 1 F060 0
1000000000000
2402 Synchrocheck X Delta Frequency 0 to 655.35 Hz 0.01 F001 0
2403 Synchrocheck X Delta Phase 0 to 359.9 ° 0.1 F001 0
2404 ...Repeated for module number 2
Autoreclose Status (Read Only) (6 modules)
2410 Autoreclose Count 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
2411 ...Repeated for module number 2
2412 ...Repeated for module number 3
2413 ...Repeated for module number 4
2414 ...Repeated for module number 5
2415 ...Repeated for module number 6
Expanded FlexStates (Read Only)
2B00 FlexStates, one per register (256 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F108 0 (Off)
Expanded Digital I/O states (Read Only)
2D00 Contact Input States, one per register (96 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F108 0 (Off)
2D80 Contact Output States, one per register (64 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F108 0 (Off)
2E00 Virtual Output States, one per register (64 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F108 0 (Off)
Expanded Remote I/O Status (Read Only)
2F00 Remote Device States, one per register (16 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F155 0 (Offline)
2F80 Remote Input States, one per register (32 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F108 0 (Off)
Oscillography Values (Read Only)
3000 Oscillography Number of Triggers 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
3001 Oscillography Available Records 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
3002 Oscillography Last Cleared Date 0 to 400000000 --- 1 F050 0
3004 Oscillography Number Of Cycles Per Record 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
Oscillography Commands (Read/Write Command)
3005 Oscillography Force Trigger 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 0 (No)
3011 Oscillography Clear Data 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 0 (No)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-13

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 6 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
Fault Report Indexing (Read Only Non-Volatile)
3020 Number Of Fault Reports 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
Fault Reports (Read Only Non-Volatile) (10 modules)
3030 Fault Time 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F050 0
3032 ...Repeated for module number 2

B 3034
3036
...Repeated for module number 3
...Repeated for module number 4
3038 ...Repeated for module number 5
303A ...Repeated for module number 6
303C ...Repeated for module number 7
303E ...Repeated for module number 8
3040 ...Repeated for module number 9
3042 ...Repeated for module number 10
Modbus File Transfer (Read/Write)
3100 Name of file to read --- --- --- F204 (none)
Modbus File Transfer (Read Only)
3200 Character position of current block within file 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0
3202 Size of currently-available data block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
3203 Block of data from requested file (122 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
Event Recorder (Read Only)
3400 Events Since Last Clear 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0
3402 Number of Available Events 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0
3404 Event Recorder Last Cleared Date 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F050 0
Event Recorder (Read/Write Command)
3406 Event Recorder Clear Command 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 0 (No)
DCMA Input Values (Read Only) (24 modules)
34C0 DCMA Inputs x Value -9999.999 to 9999.999 --- 0.001 F004 0
34C2 ...Repeated for module number 2
34C4 ...Repeated for module number 3
34C6 ...Repeated for module number 4
34C8 ...Repeated for module number 5
34CA ...Repeated for module number 6
34CC ...Repeated for module number 7
34CE ...Repeated for module number 8
34D0 ...Repeated for module number 9
34D2 ...Repeated for module number 10
34D4 ...Repeated for module number 11
34D6 ...Repeated for module number 12
34D8 ...Repeated for module number 13
34DA ...Repeated for module number 14
34DC ...Repeated for module number 15
34DE ...Repeated for module number 16
34E0 ...Repeated for module number 17
34E2 ...Repeated for module number 18
34E4 ...Repeated for module number 19
34E6 ...Repeated for module number 20
34E8 ...Repeated for module number 21
34EA ...Repeated for module number 22
34EC ...Repeated for module number 23
34EE ...Repeated for module number 24
RTD Input Values (Read Only) (48 modules)
34F0 RTD Inputs x Value -32768 to 32767 °C 1 F002 0
34F1 ...Repeated for module number 2
34F2 ...Repeated for module number 3
34F3 ...Repeated for module number 4
34F4 ...Repeated for module number 5

B-14 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 7 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
34F5 ...Repeated for module number 6
34F6 ...Repeated for module number 7
34F7 ...Repeated for module number 8
34F8 ...Repeated for module number 9
34F9 ...Repeated for module number 10
34FA
34FB
...Repeated for module number 11
...Repeated for module number 12
B
34FC ...Repeated for module number 13
34FD ...Repeated for module number 14
34FE ...Repeated for module number 15
34FF ...Repeated for module number 16
3500 ...Repeated for module number 17
3501 ...Repeated for module number 18
3502 ...Repeated for module number 19
3503 ...Repeated for module number 20
3504 ...Repeated for module number 21
3505 ...Repeated for module number 22
3506 ...Repeated for module number 23
3507 ...Repeated for module number 24
3508 ...Repeated for module number 25
3509 ...Repeated for module number 26
350A ...Repeated for module number 27
350B ...Repeated for module number 28
350C ...Repeated for module number 29
350D ...Repeated for module number 30
350E ...Repeated for module number 31
350F ...Repeated for module number 32
3510 ...Repeated for module number 33
3511 ...Repeated for module number 34
3512 ...Repeated for module number 35
3513 ...Repeated for module number 36
3514 ...Repeated for module number 37
3515 ...Repeated for module number 38
3516 ...Repeated for module number 39
3517 ...Repeated for module number 40
3518 ...Repeated for module number 41
3519 ...Repeated for module number 42
351A ...Repeated for module number 43
351B ...Repeated for module number 44
351C ...Repeated for module number 45
351D ...Repeated for module number 46
351E ...Repeated for module number 47
351F ...Repeated for module number 48
Ohm Input Values (Read Only) (2 modules)
3520 Ohm Inputs x Value 0 to 65535 ohms 1 F001 0
3521 ...Repeated for module number 2
Expanded Platform Direct I/O Status (Read Only)
3560 Direct Device States, one per register (8 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F155 0 (Offline)
3570 Direct Input States, one per register (96 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F108 0 (Off)
Passwords (Read/Write Command)
4000 Command Password Setting 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0
Passwords (Read/Write Setting)
4002 Setting Password Setting 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0
Passwords (Read/Write)
4008 Command Password Entry 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0
400A Setting Password Entry 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-15

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 8 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
Passwords (Read Only)
4010 Command Password Status 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
4011 Setting Password Status 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
Preferences (Read/Write Setting)
4050 Flash Message Time 0.5 to 10 s 0.1 F001 10

B 4051
4052
Default Message Timeout
Default Message Intensity
10 to 900
0 to 3
s
---
1
1
F001
F101
300
0 (25 %)
4053 Screen Saver Feature 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
4054 Screen Saver Wait Time 1 to 65535 min 1 F001 30
4055 Current Cutoff Level 0.002 to 0.02 pu 0.001 F001 20
4056 Voltage Cutoff Level 0.1 to 1 V 0.1 F001 10
Communications (Read/Write Setting)
407E COM1 minimum response time 0 to 1000 ms 10 F001 0
407F COM2 minimum response time 0 to 1000 ms 10 F001 0
4080 Modbus Slave Address 1 to 254 --- 1 F001 254
4083 RS485 Com1 Baud Rate 0 to 11 --- 1 F112 8 (115200)
4084 RS485 Com1 Parity 0 to 2 --- 1 F113 0 (None)
4085 RS485 Com2 Baud Rate 0 to 11 --- 1 F112 8 (115200)
4086 RS485 Com2 Parity 0 to 2 --- 1 F113 0 (None)
4087 IP Address 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 56554706
4089 IP Subnet Mask 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 4294966272
408B Gateway IP Address 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 56554497
408D Network Address NSAP --- --- --- F074 0
4097 Default GOOSE Update Time 1 to 60 s 1 F001 60
4098 Ethernet Primary Fibre Channel Link Monitor 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
4099 Ethernet Secondary Fibre Channel Link Monitor 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
409A DNP Port 0 to 4 --- 1 F177 0 (NONE)
409B DNP Address 0 to 65519 --- 1 F001 1
409C DNP Client Addresses (2 items) 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0
40A0 TCP Port Number for the Modbus protocol 1 to 65535 --- 1 F001 502
40A1 TCP/UDP Port Number for the DNP Protocol 1 to 65535 --- 1 F001 20000
40A2 TCP Port Number for the UCA/MMS Protocol 1 to 65535 --- 1 F001 102
40A3 TCP Port Number for the HTTP (Web Server) Protocol 1 to 65535 --- 1 F001 80
40A4 Main UDP Port Number for the TFTP Protocol 1 to 65535 --- 1 F001 69
40A5 Data Transfer UDP Port Numbers for the TFTP Protocol 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
(zero means "automatic") (2 items)
40A7 DNP Unsolicited Responses Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
40A8 DNP Unsolicited Responses Timeout 0 to 60 s 1 F001 5
40A9 DNP Unsolicited Responses Max Retries 1 to 255 --- 1 F001 10
40AA DNP Unsolicited Responses Destination Address 0 to 65519 --- 1 F001 1
40AB Ethernet Operation Mode 0 to 1 --- 1 F192 0 (Half-Duplex)
40AC DNP User Map Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
40AD DNP Number of Sources used in Analog points list 1 to 6 --- 1 F001 1
40AE DNP Current Scale Factor 0 to 8 --- 1 F194 2 (1)
40AF DNP Voltage Scale Factor 0 to 8 --- 1 F194 2 (1)
40B0 DNP Power Scale Factor 0 to 8 --- 1 F194 2 (1)
40B1 DNP Energy Scale Factor 0 to 8 --- 1 F194 2 (1)
40B2 DNP Other Scale Factor 0 to 8 --- 1 F194 2 (1)
40B3 DNP Current Default Deadband 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 30000
40B4 DNP Voltage Default Deadband 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 30000
40B5 DNP Power Default Deadband 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 30000
40B6 DNP Energy Default Deadband 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 30000
40B7 DNP Other Default Deadband 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 30000
40B8 DNP IIN Time Sync Bit Period 1 to 10080 min 1 F001 1440
40B9 DNP Message Fragment Size 30 to 2048 --- 1 F001 240
40BA DNP Client Address 3 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0
40BC DNP Client Address 4 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0

B-16 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 9 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
40BE DNP Client Address 5 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0
40C0 DNP Communications Reserved (8 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
40C8 UCA Logical Device Name --- --- --- F203 "UCADevice"
40D0 UCA Communications Reserved (16 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
40E0 TCP Port Number for the IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol 1 to 65535 --- 1 F001 2404
40E1
40E2
IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol Function
IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol Common Address of ASDU
0 to 1
0 to 65535
---
---
1
1
F102
F001
0 (Disabled)
0
B
40E3 IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol Cyclic Data Tx Period 1 to 65535 s 1 F001 60
40E4 IEC Number of Sources used in M_ME_NC_1 point list 1 to 6 --- 1 F001 1
40E5 IEC Current Default Threshold 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 30000
40E6 IEC Voltage Default Threshold 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 30000
40E7 IEC Power Default Threshold 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 30000
40E8 IEC Energy Default Threshold 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 30000
40E9 IEC Other Default Threshold 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 30000
40EA IEC Communications Reserved (22 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
4100 DNP Binary Input Block of 16 Points (58 items) 0 to 58 --- 1 F197 0 (Not Used)
Simple Network Time Protocol (Read/Write Setting)
4168 Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
4169 SNTP Server IP Address 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F003 0
416B SNTP UDP Port Number 1 to 65535 --- 1 F001 123
Data Logger Commands (Read/Write Command)
4170 Clear Data Logger 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 0 (No)
Data Logger (Read/Write Setting)
4180 Data Logger Rate 0 to 7 --- 1 F178 1 (1 min)
4181 Data Logger Channel Settings (16 items) --- --- --- F600 0
Clock (Read/Write Command)
41A0 RTC Set Time 0 to 235959 --- 1 F050 0
Clock (Read/Write Setting)
41A2 SR Date Format 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F051 0
41A4 SR Time Format 0 to 4294967295 --- 1 F052 0
41A6 IRIG-B Signal Type 0 to 2 --- 1 F114 0 (None)
Fault Report Settings and Commands (Read/Write Setting)
41B0 Fault Report Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
41B1 Fault Report Trigger 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
Fault Report Settings and Commands (Read/Write Command)
41B2 Fault Reports Clear Data Command 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 0 (No)
Oscillography (Read/Write Setting)
41C0 Oscillography Number of Records 1 to 64 --- 1 F001 15
41C1 Oscillography Trigger Mode 0 to 1 --- 1 F118 0 (Auto Overwrite)
41C2 Oscillography Trigger Position 0 to 100 % 1 F001 50
41C3 Oscillography Trigger Source 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
41C4 Oscillography AC Input Waveforms 0 to 4 --- 1 F183 2 (16 samples/cycle)
41D0 Oscillography Analog Channel X (16 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F600 0
4200 Oscillography Digital Channel X (63 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
Trip and Alarm LEDs (Read/Write Setting)
4260 Trip LED Input FlexLogic Operand 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
4261 Alarm LED Input FlexLogic Operand 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
User Programmable LEDs (Read/Write Setting) (48 modules)
4280 FlexLogic Operand to Activate LED 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
4281 User LED type (latched or self-resetting) 0 to 1 --- 1 F127 1 (Self-Reset)
4282 ...Repeated for module number 2
4284 ...Repeated for module number 3
4286 ...Repeated for module number 4
4288 ...Repeated for module number 5
428A ...Repeated for module number 6
428C ...Repeated for module number 7

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-17

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 10 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
428E ...Repeated for module number 8
4290 ...Repeated for module number 9
4292 ...Repeated for module number 10
4294 ...Repeated for module number 11
4296 ...Repeated for module number 12

B 4298
429A
...Repeated for module number 13
...Repeated for module number 14
429C ...Repeated for module number 15
429E ...Repeated for module number 16
42A0 ...Repeated for module number 17
42A2 ...Repeated for module number 18
42A4 ...Repeated for module number 19
42A6 ...Repeated for module number 20
42A8 ...Repeated for module number 21
42AA ...Repeated for module number 22
42AC ...Repeated for module number 23
42AE ...Repeated for module number 24
42B0 ...Repeated for module number 25
42B2 ...Repeated for module number 26
42B4 ...Repeated for module number 27
42B6 ...Repeated for module number 28
42B8 ...Repeated for module number 29
42BA ...Repeated for module number 30
42BC ...Repeated for module number 31
42BE ...Repeated for module number 32
42C0 ...Repeated for module number 33
42C2 ...Repeated for module number 34
42C4 ...Repeated for module number 35
42C6 ...Repeated for module number 36
42C8 ...Repeated for module number 37
42CA ...Repeated for module number 38
42CC ...Repeated for module number 39
42CE ...Repeated for module number 40
42D0 ...Repeated for module number 41
42D2 ...Repeated for module number 42
42D4 ...Repeated for module number 43
42D6 ...Repeated for module number 44
42D8 ...Repeated for module number 45
42DA ...Repeated for module number 46
42DC ...Repeated for module number 47
42DE ...Repeated for module number 48
Installation (Read/Write Setting)
43E0 Relay Programmed State 0 to 1 --- 1 F133 0 (Not Programmed)
43E1 Relay Name --- --- --- F202 "Relay-1"
CT Settings (Read/Write Setting) (6 modules)
4480 Phase CT Primary 1 to 65000 A 1 F001 1
4481 Phase CT Secondary 0 to 1 --- 1 F123 0 (1 A)
4482 Ground CT Primary 1 to 65000 A 1 F001 1
4483 Ground CT Secondary 0 to 1 --- 1 F123 0 (1 A)
4484 ...Repeated for module number 2
4488 ...Repeated for module number 3
448C ...Repeated for module number 4
4490 ...Repeated for module number 5
4494 ...Repeated for module number 6
VT Settings (Read/Write Setting) (3 modules)
4500 Phase VT Connection 0 to 1 --- 1 F100 0 (Wye)

B-18 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 11 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
4501 Phase VT Secondary 50 to 240 V 0.1 F001 664
4502 Phase VT Ratio 1 to 24000 :1 1 F060 1
4504 Auxiliary VT Connection 0 to 6 --- 1 F166 1 (Vag)
4505 Auxiliary VT Secondary 50 to 240 V 0.1 F001 664
4506 Auxiliary VT Ratio 1 to 24000 :1 1 F060 1
4508
4510
...Repeated for module number 2
...Repeated for module number 3
B
Source Settings (Read/Write Setting) (6 modules)
4580 Source Name --- --- --- F206 "SRC 1 "
4583 Source Phase CT 0 to 63 --- 1 F400 0
4584 Source Ground CT 0 to 63 --- 1 F400 0
4585 Source Phase VT 0 to 63 --- 1 F400 0
4586 Source Auxiliary VT 0 to 63 --- 1 F400 0
4587 ...Repeated for module number 2
458E ...Repeated for module number 3
4595 ...Repeated for module number 4
459C ...Repeated for module number 5
45A3 ...Repeated for module number 6
Power System (Read/Write Setting)
4600 Nominal Frequency 25 to 60 Hz 1 F001 60
4601 Phase Rotation 0 to 1 --- 1 F106 0 (ABC)
4602 Frequency And Phase Reference 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
4603 Frequency Tracking Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 1 (Enabled)
Line (Read/Write Setting)
46D0 Line Pos Seq Impedance 0.01 to 250 ohms 0.01 F001 300
46D1 Line Pos Seq Impedance Angle 25 to 90 ° 1 F001 75
46D2 Line Zero Seq Impedance 0.01 to 650 ohms 0.01 F001 900
46D3 Line Zero Seq Impedance Angle 25 to 90 ° 1 F001 75
46D4 Line Length Units 0 to 1 --- 1 F147 0 (km)
46D5 Line Length 0 to 2000 --- 0.1 F001 1000
Breaker Control Global Settings (Read/Write Setting)
46F0 UCA XCBR x SelTimOut 1 to 60 s 1 F001 30
Breaker Control (Read/Write Setting) (2 modules)
4700 Breaker x Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
4701 Breaker x Name --- --- --- F206 "Bkr 1 "
4704 Breaker x Mode 0 to 1 --- 1 F157 0 (3-Pole)
4705 Breaker x Open 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
4706 Breaker x Close 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
4707 Breaker x Phase A 3 Pole 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
4708 Breaker x Phase B 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
4709 Breaker x Phase C 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
470A Breaker x External Alarm 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
470B Breaker x Alarm Delay 0 to 1000000 s 0.001 F003 0
470D Breaker x Push Button Control 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
470E Breaker x Manual Close Recal Time 0 to 1000000 s 0.001 F003 0
4710 Breaker x UCA XCBR x SBOClass 1 to 2 --- 1 F001 1
4711 Breaker x UCA XCBR x SBOEna 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
4712 Breaker x Out Of Service 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
4713 UCA XCBR PwrSupSt Bit 0 Operand 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
4714 UCA XCBR x PresSt Operand 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
4715 UCA XCBR x TrpCoil Operand 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
4716 Reserved (2 items) 0 to 65535 1 F001 0
4718 ...Repeated for module number 2
Synchrocheck (Read/Write Setting) (2 modules)
4780 Synchrocheck Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
4781 Synchrocheck V1 Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-19

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 12 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
4782 Synchrocheck V2 Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 1 (SRC 2)
4783 Synchrocheck Max Volt Diff 0 to 100000 V 1 F060 10000
4785 Synchrocheck Max Angle Diff 0 to 100 ° 1 F001 30
4786 Synchrocheck Max Freq Diff 0 to 2 Hz 0.01 F001 100
4787 Synchrocheck Dead Source Select 0 to 5 --- 1 F176 1 (LV1 and DV2)

B 4788
4789
Synchrocheck Dead V1 Max Volt
Synchrocheck Dead V2 Max Volt
0 to 1.25
0 to 1.25
pu
pu
0.01
0.01
F001
F001
30
30
478A Synchrocheck Live V1 Min Volt 0 to 1.25 pu 0.01 F001 70
478B Synchrocheck Live V2 Min Volt 0 to 1.25 pu 0.01 F001 70
478C Synchrocheck Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
478D Synchrocheck Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
478E Synchrocheck Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
478F Synchrocheck X Reserved 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
4790 ...Repeated for module number 2
Flexcurve A (Read/Write Setting)
4800 FlexCurve A (120 items) 0 to 65535 ms 1 F011 0
Flexcurve B (Read/Write Setting)
48F0 FlexCurve B (120 items) 0 to 65535 ms 1 F011 0
Modbus User Map (Read/Write Setting)
4A00 Modbus Address Settings for User Map (256 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
User Displays Settings (Read/Write Setting) (8 modules)
4C00 User display top line text --- --- --- F202 ""
4C0A User display bottom line text --- --- --- F202 ""
4C14 Modbus addresses of displayed items (5 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
4C19 Reserved (7 items) --- --- --- F001 0
4C20 ...Repeated for module number 2
4C40 ...Repeated for module number 3
4C60 ...Repeated for module number 4
4C80 ...Repeated for module number 5
4CA0 ...Repeated for module number 6
4CC0 ...Repeated for module number 7
4CE0 ...Repeated for module number 8
User Programmable Pushbuttons (Read/Write Setting) (12 modules)
4E00 User Programmable Pushbutton Function 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 2 (Disabled)
4E01 Programmable Pushbutton Top Line --- --- --- F202 (none)
4E0B Prog Pushbutton On Text --- --- --- F202 (none)
4E15 Prog Pushbutton Off Text --- --- --- F202 (none)
4E1F Programmable Pushbutton Drop-Out Time 0 to 60 s 0.05 F001 0
4E20 Programmable Pushbutton Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
4E21 User Programmable Pushbutton Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
4E22 Programmable Pushbutton Reserved (2 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
4E24 ...Repeated for module number 2
4E48 ...Repeated for module number 3
4E6C ...Repeated for module number 4
4E90 ...Repeated for module number 5
4EB4 ...Repeated for module number 6
4ED8 ...Repeated for module number 7
4EFC ...Repeated for module number 8
4F20 ...Repeated for module number 9
4F44 ...Repeated for module number 10
4F68 ...Repeated for module number 11
4F8C ...Repeated for module number 12
Flexlogic (Read/Write Setting)
5000 FlexLogic Entry (512 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 16384
Flexlogic Timers (Read/Write Setting) (32 modules)
5800 Timer x Type 0 to 2 --- 1 F129 0 (millisecond)

B-20 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 13 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
5801 Timer x Pickup Delay 0 to 60000 --- 1 F001 0
5802 Timer x Dropout Delay 0 to 60000 --- 1 F001 0
5803 Timer x Reserved (5 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
5808 ...Repeated for module number 2
5810 ...Repeated for module number 3
5818
5820
...Repeated for module number 4
...Repeated for module number 5
B
5828 ...Repeated for module number 6
5830 ...Repeated for module number 7
5838 ...Repeated for module number 8
5840 ...Repeated for module number 9
5848 ...Repeated for module number 10
5850 ...Repeated for module number 11
5858 ...Repeated for module number 12
5860 ...Repeated for module number 13
5868 ...Repeated for module number 14
5870 ...Repeated for module number 15
5878 ...Repeated for module number 16
5880 ...Repeated for module number 17
5888 ...Repeated for module number 18
5890 ...Repeated for module number 19
5898 ...Repeated for module number 20
58A0 ...Repeated for module number 21
58A8 ...Repeated for module number 22
58B0 ...Repeated for module number 23
58B8 ...Repeated for module number 24
58C0 ...Repeated for module number 25
58C8 ...Repeated for module number 26
58D0 ...Repeated for module number 27
58D8 ...Repeated for module number 28
58E0 ...Repeated for module number 29
58E8 ...Repeated for module number 30
58F0 ...Repeated for module number 31
58F8 ...Repeated for module number 32
Phase TOC (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (6 modules)
5900 Phase TOC Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
5901 Phase TOC Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
5902 Phase TOC Input 0 to 1 --- 1 F122 0 (Phasor)
5903 Phase TOC Pickup 0 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1000
5904 Phase TOC Curve 0 to 16 --- 1 F103 0 (IEEE Mod Inv)
5905 Phase TOC Multiplier 0 to 600 --- 0.01 F001 100
5906 Phase TOC Reset 0 to 1 --- 1 F104 0 (Instantaneous)
5907 Phase TOC Voltage Restraint 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
5908 Phase TOC Block For Each Phase (3 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
590B Phase TOC Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
590C Phase TOC Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
590D Reserved (3 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
5910 ...Repeated for module number 2
5920 ...Repeated for module number 3
5930 ...Repeated for module number 4
5940 ...Repeated for module number 5
5950 ...Repeated for module number 6
Phase IOC (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (12 modules)
5A00 Phase IOC1 Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
5A01 Phase IOC1 Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
5A02 Phase IOC1 Pickup 0 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1000

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-21

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 14 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
5A03 Phase IOC1 Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 0
5A04 Phase IOC1 Reset Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 0
5A05 Phase IOC1 Block For Each Phase (3 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
5A08 Phase IOC1 Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
5A09 Phase IOC1 Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)

B 5A0A
5A10
Reserved (6 items)
...Repeated for module number 2
0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0

5A20 ...Repeated for module number 3

5A30 ...Repeated for module number 4
5A40 ...Repeated for module number 5
5A50 ...Repeated for module number 6
5A60 ...Repeated for module number 7
5A70 ...Repeated for module number 8
5A80 ...Repeated for module number 9
5A90 ...Repeated for module number 10
5AA0 ...Repeated for module number 11
5AB0 ...Repeated for module number 12
Neutral TOC (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (6 modules)
5B00 Neutral TOC1 Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
5B01 Neutral TOC1 Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
5B02 Neutral TOC1 Input 0 to 1 --- 1 F122 0 (Phasor)
5B03 Neutral TOC1 Pickup 0 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1000
5B04 Neutral TOC1 Curve 0 to 16 --- 1 F103 0 (IEEE Mod Inv)
5B05 Neutral TOC1 Multiplier 0 to 600 --- 0.01 F001 100
5B06 Neutral TOC1 Reset 0 to 1 --- 1 F104 0 (Instantaneous)
5B07 Neutral TOC1 Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
5B08 Neutral TOC1 Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
5B09 Neutral TOC1 Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
5B0A Reserved (6 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
5B10 ...Repeated for module number 2
5B20 ...Repeated for module number 3
5B30 ...Repeated for module number 4
5B40 ...Repeated for module number 5
5B50 ...Repeated for module number 6
Neutral IOC (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (12 modules)
5C00 Neutral IOC1 Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
5C01 Neutral IOC1 Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
5C02 Neutral IOC1 Pickup 0 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1000
5C03 Neutral IOC1 Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 0
5C04 Neutral IOC1 Reset Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 0
5C05 Neutral IOC1 Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
5C06 Neutral IOC1 Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
5C07 Neutral IOC1 Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
5C08 Reserved (8 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
5C10 ...Repeated for module number 2
5C20 ...Repeated for module number 3
5C30 ...Repeated for module number 4
5C40 ...Repeated for module number 5
5C50 ...Repeated for module number 6
5C60 ...Repeated for module number 7
5C70 ...Repeated for module number 8
5C80 ...Repeated for module number 9
5C90 ...Repeated for module number 10
5CA0 ...Repeated for module number 11
5CB0 ...Repeated for module number 12

B-22 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 15 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
Ground TOC (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (6 modules)
5D00 Ground TOC1 Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
5D01 Ground TOC1 Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
5D02 Ground TOC1 Input 0 to 1 --- 1 F122 0 (Phasor)
5D03 Ground TOC1 Pickup 0 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1000
5D04
5D05
Ground TOC1 Curve
Ground TOC1 Multiplier
0 to 16
0 to 600
---
---
1
0.01
F103
F001
0 (IEEE Mod Inv)
100
B
5D06 Ground TOC1 Reset 0 to 1 --- 1 F104 0 (Instantaneous)
5D07 Ground TOC1 Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
5D08 Ground TOC1 Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
5D09 Ground TOC1 Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
5D0A Reserved (6 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
5D10 ...Repeated for module number 2
5D20 ...Repeated for module number 3
5D30 ...Repeated for module number 4
5D40 ...Repeated for module number 5
5D50 ...Repeated for module number 6
Ground IOC (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (12 modules)
5E00 Ground IOC1 Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
5E01 Ground IOC1 Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
5E02 Ground IOC1 Pickup 0 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1000
5E03 Ground IOC1 Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 0
5E04 Ground IOC1 Reset Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 0
5E05 Ground IOC1 Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
5E06 Ground IOC1 Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
5E07 Ground IOC1 Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
5E08 Reserved (8 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
5E10 ...Repeated for module number 2
5E20 ...Repeated for module number 3
5E30 ...Repeated for module number 4
5E40 ...Repeated for module number 5
5E50 ...Repeated for module number 6
5E60 ...Repeated for module number 7
5E70 ...Repeated for module number 8
5E80 ...Repeated for module number 9
5E90 ...Repeated for module number 10
5EA0 ...Repeated for module number 11
5EB0 ...Repeated for module number 12
Negative Sequence TOC (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (2 modules)
6300 Negative Sequence TOC1 Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6301 Negative Sequence TOC1 Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
6302 Negative Sequence TOC1 Pickup 0 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1000
6303 Negative Sequence TOC1 Curve 0 to 16 --- 1 F103 0 (IEEE Mod Inv)
6304 Negative Sequence TOC1 Multiplier 0 to 600 --- 0.01 F001 100
6305 Negative Sequence TOC1 Reset 0 to 1 --- 1 F104 0 (Instantaneous)
6306 Negative Sequence TOC1 Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6307 Negative Sequence TOC1 Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
6308 Negative Sequence TOC1 Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6309 Reserved (7 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
6310 ...Repeated for module number 2
Negative Sequence IOC (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (2 modules)
6400 Negative Sequence IOC1 Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6401 Negative Sequence IOC1 Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
6402 Negative Sequence IOC1 Pickup 0 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1000
6403 Negative Sequence IOC1 Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 0
6404 Negative Sequence IOC1 Reset Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 0

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-23

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 16 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
6405 Negative Sequence IOC1 Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6406 Negative Sequence IOC1 Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
6407 Negative Sequence IOC1 Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6408 Reserved (8 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
6410 ...Repeated for module number 2

B Negative Sequence Overvoltage (Read/Write Grouped Setting)

64A0 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
64A1 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
64A2 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Pickup 0 to 1.25 pu 0.001 F001 300
64A3 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Pickup Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 50
64A4 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Reset Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 50
64A5 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
64A6 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
64A7 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
Power Swing Detect (Read/Write Grouped Setting)
65C0 Power Swing Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
65C1 Power Swing Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
65C2 Power Swing Mode 0 to 1 --- 1 F513 0 (Two Step)
65C3 Power Swing Supv 0.05 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 600
65C4 Power Swing Fwd Reach 0.1 to 500 ohms 0.01 F001 5000
65C5 Power Swing Fwd Rca 40 to 90 º 1 F001 75
65C6 Power Swing Rev Reach 0.1 to 500 ohms 0.01 F001 5000
65C7 Power Swing Rev Rca 40 to 90 º 1 F001 75
65C8 Outer Limit Angle 40 to 140 º 1 F001 120
65C9 Middle Limit Angle 40 to 140 º 1 F001 90
65CA Inner Limit Angle 40 to 140 º 1 F001 60
65CB Delay 1 Pickup 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 30
65CC Delay 1 Reset 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 50
65CD Delay 2 Pickup 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 17
65CE Delay 3 Pickup 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 9
65CF Delay 4 Pickup 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 17
65D0 Seal In Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 400
65D1 Trip Mode 0 to 1 --- 1 F514 0 (Delayed)
65D2 Power Swing Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
65D3 Power Swing Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
65D4 Power Swing Event 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
Load Encroachment (Read/Write Grouped Setting)
6700 Load Encroachment Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6701 Load Encroachment Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
6702 Load Encroachment Min Volt 0 to 3 pu 0.001 F001 250
6703 Load Encroachment Reach 0.02 to 250 ohms 0.01 F001 100
6704 Load Encroachment Angle 5 to 50 ° 1 F001 30
6705 Load Encroachment Pkp Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
6706 Load Encroachment Rst Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
6707 Load Encroachment Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6708 Load Encroachment Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
6709 Load Encroachment Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
670A Load Encroachment Reserved (6 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
Trip Output (Read/Write Setting)
6800 Trip Mode 0 to 2 --- 1 F195 0 (Disabled)
6801 Trip 3-Pole Input1 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6802 Trip 3-Pole Input2 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6803 Trip 3-Pole Input3 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6804 Trip 3-Pole Input4 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6805 Trip 3-Pole Input5 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6806 Trip 3-Pole Input6 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0

B-24 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 17 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
6807 Trip 1-Pole Input1 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6808 Trip 1-Pole Input2 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6809 Trip 1-Pole Input3 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
680A Trip 1-Pole Input4 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
680B Trip 1-Pole Input5 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
680C
680D
Trip 1-Pole Input6
Trip Reclose Input1
0 to 65535
0 to 65535
---
---
1
1
F300
F300
0
0
B
680E Trip Reclose Input2 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
680F Trip Reclose Input3 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6810 Trip Reclose Input4 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6811 Trip Reclose Input5 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6812 Trip Reclose Input6 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6813 Trip Force 3-Pole 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6814 Trip Pilot Priority 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
6815 BKR Phase A Open 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6816 BKR Phase B Open 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6817 BKR Phase C Open 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6818 Trip Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6819 Reserved (7 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
Open Pole Detect (1P) (Read/Write Setting)
6820 Open Pole Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6821 Open Pole Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6822 Open Pole Voltage SUPV 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6823 Open Pole Current PKP 0 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 50
6824 Open Pole Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
6825 Open Pole Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6826 Reserved (10 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
Pilot DUTT (1P) (Read/Write Setting)
6830 DUTT D60 Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6831 DUTT D60 Seal In Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
6832 DUTT 1P No of Comm Bits 0 to 2 --- 1 F198 0 (1)
6833 DUTT D60 RX1 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6834 DUTT D60 RX2 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6835 DUTT D60 RX3 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6836 DUTT D60 RX4 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6837 DUTT 1P Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
6838 DUTT 1P Event 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6839 Reserved (7 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
Pilot PUTT (1P) (Read/Write Setting)
6840 PUTT 1P Scheme Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6841 PUTT 1P Rx Pickup Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
6842 PUTT 1P Seal In Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
6843 PUTT 1P No of Comm Bits 0 to 2 --- 1 F198 0 (1)
6844 PUTT 1P Rx1 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6845 PUTT 1P Rx2 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6846 PUTT 1P Rx3 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6847 PUTT 1P Rx4 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6848 PUTT 1P Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
6849 PUTT 1P Event 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
684A Reserved (6 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
Pilot POTT (1P) (Read/Write Setting)
6850 POTT 1P Scheme Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6851 POTT 1P Permissive Echo 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6852 POTT 1P Rx Pickup Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
6853 POTT 1P Trans Block Pickup Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 20
6854 POTT 1P Trans Block Reset Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 90

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-25

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 18 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
6855 POTT 1P Echo Duration 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 100
6856 POTT 1P Echo Lockout 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 250
6857 POTT 1P Line End Open Pickup Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 50
6858 POTT 1P Seal In Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
6859 POTT 1P Gnd Dir OC Fwd 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0

B 685A
685B
POTT 1P No of Comm Bits
POTT 1P Rx1
0 to 2
0 to 65535
---
---
1
1
F198
F300
0 (1)
0
685C POTT 1P Rx2 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
685D POTT 1P Rx3 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
685E POTT 1P Rx4 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
685F POTT 1P Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
6860 POTT 1P Event 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6861 Reserved (7 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
Pilot Hybrid POTT (1P) (Read/Write Setting)
6868 Hybrid POTT 1P Scheme Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6869 Hybrid POTT 1P Permissive Echo 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
686A Hybrid POTT 1P Rx Pickup Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
686B Hybrid POTT 1P Trans Block Pickup Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 20
686C Hybrid POTT 1P Trans Block Reset Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 90
686D Hybrid POTT 1P Echo Duration 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 100
686E Hybrid POTT 1P Echo Lockout 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 250
686F Hybrid POTT 1P Seal In Delay 0 to 65.535 --- 0.001 F001 0
6870 Hybrid POTT 1P Gnd Dir OC Fwd 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6871 Hybrid POTT 1P Gnd Dir OC Rev 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6872 Hybrid POTT 1P No of Comm Bits 0 to 2 --- 1 F198 0 (1)
6873 Hybrid POTT 1P Rx1 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6874 Hybrid POTT 1P Rx2 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6875 Hybrid POTT 1P Rx3 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6876 Hybrid POTT 1P Rx4 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6877 Hybrid POTT 1P Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
6878 Hybrid POTT 1P Event 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6879 Reserved (7 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
Pilot Blocking (1P) (Read/Write Setting)
6880 Blocking Scheme 1P Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6881 Block 1P Rx Coord Pickup Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 10
6882 Block 1P Transient Block Pickup Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 30
6883 Block 1P Transient Block Reset Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 90
6884 Blocking Scheme 1P Seal In Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
6885 Blocking Scheme 1P Gnd Dir OC Fwd 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6886 Blocking Scheme 1P Gnd Dir OC Rev 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6887 Blocking Scheme 1P No of Comm Bits 0 to 2 --- 1 F198 0 (1)
6888 Blocking Scheme 1P Rx1 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6889 Blocking Scheme 1P Rx2 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
688A Blocking Scheme 1P Rx3 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
688B Blocking Scheme 1P Rx4 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
688C Blocking 1P Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
688D Blocking 1P Event 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
688E Reserved (2 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
Autoreclose 1P 3P (Read/Write Setting)
6890 AR Mode 0 to 3 --- 1 F080 0 (1 & 3 Pole)
6891 AR Max Num Shots 1 to 2 --- 1 F001 2
6892 AR Block BKR1 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6893 AR Close Time BKR1 0 to 655.35 s 0.01 F001 10
6894 AR BKR Man Close 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6895 AR Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
6896 AR Blk Time Mnl Cls 0 to 655.35 s 0.01 F001 1000

B-26 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 19 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
6897 AR 1P Init 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6898 AR 3P Init 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
6899 AR 3P TD Init 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
689A AR Multi P Fault 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
689B AR BKR 1 Pole Open 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
689C
689D
AR BKR 3 Pole Open
AR 3P Dead Time 1
0 to 65535
0 to 655.35
---
s
1
0.01
F300
F001
0
50
B
689E AR 3P Dead Time 2 0 to 655.35 s 0.01 F001 120
689F AR Extend Dead T1 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
68A0 AR Dead T1 Extension 0 to 655.35 s 0.01 F001 50
68A1 AR Reset 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
68A2 AR Reset Time 0 to 655.35 s 0.01 F001 6000
68A3 AR BKR Closed 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
68A4 AR Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
68A5 AR Pause 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
68A6 AR Inc Seq Time 0 to 655.35 s 0.01 F001 500
68A7 AR Block BKR2 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
68A8 AR Close Time BKR2 0 to 655.35 s 0.01 F001 10
68A9 AR Transfer 1 to 2 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 0 (No)
68AA AR Transfer 2 to 1 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 0 (No)
68AB AR BKR1 Fail Option 0 to 1 --- 1 F081 0 (Continue)
68AC AR BKR2 Fail Option 0 to 1 --- 1 F081 0 (Continue)
68AD AR 1P Dead Time 0 to 655.35 s 0.01 F001 100
68AE AR BKR Sequence 0 to 4 --- 1 F082 3 (1 - 2)
68AF AR Transfer Time 0 to 655.35 s 0.01 F001 400
68B0 AR Event 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
68B1 Reserved (16 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
Phase Undervoltage (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (2 modules)
7000 Phase UV1 Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7001 Phase UV1 Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
7002 Phase UV1 Pickup 0 to 3 pu 0.001 F001 1000
7003 Phase UV1 Curve 0 to 1 --- 1 F111 0 (Definite Time)
7004 Phase UV1 Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 100
7005 Phase UV1 Minimum Voltage 0 to 3 pu 0.001 F001 100
7006 Phase UV1 Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7007 Phase UV1 Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
7008 Phase UV1 Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7009 Phase UV Measurement Mode 0 to 1 --- 1 F186 0 (Phase to Ground)
700A Reserved (6 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
7010 ...Repeated for module number 2
Phase Overvoltage (Read/Write Grouped Setting)
7100 Phase OV1 Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7101 Phase OV1 Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
7102 Phase OV1 Pickup 0 to 3 pu 0.001 F001 1000
7103 Phase OV1 Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 100
7104 Phase OV1 Reset Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 100
7105 Phase OV1 Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7106 Phase OV1 Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
7107 Phase OV1 Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7108 Reserved (8 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
Distance (Read/Write Grouped Setting)
7120 Distance Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
7121 Memory Duration 5 to 25 cycles 1 F001 10
Phase Distance (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (4 modules)
7130 Phase Distance Z x Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7131 Phase Distance Z x Current Supervision 0.05 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 200

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-27

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 20 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
7132 Phase Distance Z x Reach 0.02 to 250 ohms 0.01 F001 200
7133 Phase Distance Z x Direction 0 to 1 --- 1 F154 0 (Forward)
7134 Phase Distance Z x Comparator Limit 30 to 90 ° 1 F001 90
7135 Phase Distance Z x Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
7136 Phase Distance Z x Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0

B 7137
7138
Phase Distance Z x Target
Phase Distance Z x Events
0 to 2
0 to 1
---
---
1
1
F109
F102
0 (Self-reset)
0 (Disabled)
7139 Phase Distance Z x Shape 0 to 1 --- 1 F120 0 (Mho)
713A Phase Distance Z x RCA 30 to 90 ° 1 F001 85
713B Phase Distance Z x DIR RCA 30 to 90 ° 1 F001 85
713C Phase Distance Z x DIR Comp Limit 30 to 90 ° 1 F001 90
713D Phase Distance Z x Quad Right Blinder 0.02 to 500 ohms 0.01 F001 1000
713E Phase Distance Z x Quad Right Blinder RCA 60 to 90 ° 1 F001 85
713F Phase Distance Z x Quad Left Blinder 0.02 to 500 ohms 0.01 F001 1000
7140 Phase Distance Z x Quad Left Blinder RCA 60 to 90 ° 1 F001 85
7141 Phase Distance Zx Volt Limit 0 to 5 pu 0.001 F001 0
7142 Phase Distance Z x Transformer Voltage Connection 0 to 12 --- 1 F153 0 (None)
7143 Phase Distance Z x Transformer Current Connection 0 to 12 --- 1 F153 0 (None)
7144 ...Repeated for module number 2
7158 ...Repeated for module number 3
716C ...Repeated for module number 4
Ground Distance (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (4 modules)
7190 Ground Distance Z x Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7191 Ground Distance Z x Current Supervision 0.05 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 200
7192 Ground Distance Z x Reach 0.02 to 250 ohms 0.01 F001 200
7193 Ground Distance Z x Direction 0 to 1 --- 1 F154 0 (Forward)
7194 Ground Distance Z x Comparator Limit 30 to 90 ° 1 F001 90
7195 Ground Distance Z x Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
7196 Ground Distance Z x Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7197 Ground Distance Z x Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
7198 Ground Distance Z x Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7199 Ground Distance Z x Shape 0 to 1 --- 1 F120 0 (Mho)
719A Ground Distance Z x Z0 Z1 Mag 0.5 to 7 --- 0.01 F001 270
719B Ground Distance Z x Z0 Z1 Ang -90 to 90 ° 1 F002 0
719C Ground Distance Z x RCA 30 to 90 ° 1 F001 85
719D Ground Distance Z x DIR RCA 30 to 90 ° 1 F001 85
719E Ground Distance Z x DIR Comp Limit 30 to 90 ° 1 F001 90
719F Ground Distance Z x Quad Right Blinder 0.02 to 500 ohms 0.01 F001 1000
71A0 Ground Distance Z x Quad Right Blinder RCA 60 to 90 ° 1 F001 85
71A1 Ground Distance Z x Quad Left Blinder 0.02 to 500 ohms 0.01 F001 1000
71A2 Ground Distance Z x Quad Left Blinder RCA 60 to 90 ° 1 F001 85
71A3 Ground Distance Z x Z0M Z1 Mag 0 to 7 --- 0.01 F001 0
71A4 Ground Distance Z x Z0M Z1 Ang -90 to 90 ° 1 F002 0
71A5 Ground Distance Z x Volt Level 0 to 5 pu 0.001 F001 0
71A6 Ground Distance Z x Reserved --- --- --- F001 0
71A7 ...Repeated for module number 2
71BE ...Repeated for module number 3
71D5 ...Repeated for module number 4
Line Pickup (Read/Write Grouped Setting)
71F0 Line Pickup Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
71F1 Line Pickup Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
71F2 Line Pickup Phase IOC Pickup 0 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1000
71F3 Line Pickup Pos Seq UV Pickup 0 to 3 pu 0.001 F001 700
71F4 Line End Open Pickup Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 150
71F5 Line End Open Reset Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 90
71F6 Line Pickup Pos Seq OV Pickup Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 40

B-28 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 21 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
71F7 Autoreclose Coordination Pickup Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 45
71F8 Autoreclose Coordination Reset Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 5
71F9 Autoreclose Coordination Bypass 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 1 (Enabled)
71FA Line Pickup Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
71FB Line Pickup Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
71FC Line Pickup Events
Breaker Failure (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (2 modules)
0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
B
7200 Breaker Failure x Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7201 Breaker Failure x Mode 0 to 1 --- 1 F157 0 (3-Pole)
7208 Breaker Failure x Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
7209 Breaker Failure x Amp Supervision 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 1 (Yes)
720A Breaker Failure x Use Seal-In 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 1 (Yes)
720B Breaker Failure x Three Pole Initiate 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
720C Breaker Failure x Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
720D Breaker Failure x Phase Amp Supv Pickup 0.001 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1050
720E Breaker Failure x Neutral Amp Supv Pickup 0.001 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1050
720F Breaker Failure x Use Timer 1 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 1 (Yes)
7210 Breaker Failure x Timer 1 Pickup 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
7211 Breaker Failure x Use Timer 2 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 1 (Yes)
7212 Breaker Failure x Timer 2 Pickup 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
7213 Breaker Failure x Use Timer 3 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 1 (Yes)
7214 Breaker Failure x Timer 3 Pickup 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
7215 Breaker Failure x Breaker Status 1 Phase A/3P 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7216 Breaker Failure x Breaker Status 2 Phase A/3P 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7217 Breaker Failure x Breaker Test On 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7218 Breaker Failure x Phase Amp Hiset Pickup 0.001 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1050
7219 Breaker Failure x Neutral Amp Hiset Pickup 0.001 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1050
721A Breaker Failure x Phase Amp Loset Pickup 0.001 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1050
721B Breaker Failure x Neutral Amp Loset Pickup 0.001 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 1050
721C Breaker Failure x Loset Time 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
721D Breaker Failure x Trip Dropout Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
721E Breaker Failure x Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
721F Breaker Failure x Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7220 Breaker Failure x Phase A Initiate 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7221 Breaker Failure x Phase B Initiate 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7222 Breaker Failure x Phase C Initiate 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7223 Breaker Failure x Breaker Status 1 Phase B 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7224 Breaker Failure x Breaker Status 1 Phase C 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7225 Breaker Failure x Breaker Status 2 Phase B 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7226 Breaker Failure x Breaker Status 2 Phase C 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7227 ...Repeated for module number 2
Phase Directional (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (2 modules)
7260 Phase DIR 1 Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7261 Phase DIR 1 Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
7262 Phase DIR 1 Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7263 Phase DIR 1 ECA 0 to 359 --- 1 F001 30
7264 Phase DIR 1 Pol V Threshold 0 to 3 pu 0.001 F001 700
7265 Phase DIR 1 Block OC 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 0 (No)
7266 Phase DIR 1 Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
7267 Phase DIR 1 Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7268 Reserved (8 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
7270 ...Repeated for module number 2
Neutral Directional OC (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (2 modules)
7280 Neutral DIR OC1 Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7281 Neutral DIR OC1 Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
7282 Neutral DIR OC1 Polarizing 0 to 2 --- 1 F230 0 (Voltage)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-29

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 22 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
7283 Neutral DIR OC1 Forward ECA -90 to 90 ° Lag 1 F002 75
7284 Neutral DIR OC1 Forward Limit Angle 40 to 90 ° 1 F001 90
7285 Neutral DIR OC1 Forward Pickup 0.002 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 50
7286 Neutral DIR OC1 Reverse Limit Angle 40 to 90 ° 1 F001 90
7287 Neutral DIR OC1 Reverse Pickup 0.002 to 30 pu 0.001 F001 50

B 7288
7289
Neutral DIR OC1 Target
Neutral DIR OC1 Block
0 to 2
0 to 65535
---
---
1
1
F109
F300
0 (Self-reset)
0
728A Neutral DIR OC1 Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
728B Neutral DIR OC X Polarizing Voltage 0 to 1 --- 1 F231 0 (Calculated V0)
728C Neutral DIR OC X Op Current 0 to 1 --- 1 F196 0 (Calculated 3I0)
728D Neutral DIR OC X Offset 0 to 250 ohms 0.01 F001 0
728E Reserved (2 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
7290 ...Repeated for module number 2
Negative Sequence Directional OC (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (2 modules)
72A0 Negative Sequence DIR OC1 Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
72A1 Negative Sequence DIR OC1 Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
72A2 Negative Sequence DIR OC1 Type 0 to 1 --- 1 F179 0 (Neg Sequence)
72A3 Negative Sequence DIR OC1 Forward ECA 0 to 90 ° Lag 1 F002 75
72A4 Negative Sequence DIR OC1 Forward Limit Angle 40 to 90 ° 1 F001 90
72A5 Negative Sequence DIR OC1 Forward Pickup 0.05 to 30 pu 0.01 F001 5
72A6 Negative Sequence DIR OC1 Reverse Limit Angle 40 to 90 ° 1 F001 90
72A7 Negative Sequence DIR OC1 Reverse Pickup 0.05 to 30 pu 0.01 F001 5
72A8 Negative Sequence DIR OC1 Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
72A9 Negative Sequence DIR OC1 Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
72AA Negative Sequence DIR OC1 Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
72AB Negative Sequence DIR OC X Offset 0 to 250 ohms 0.01 F001 0
72AC Reserved (4 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
72B0 ...Repeated for module number 2
Breaker Arcing Current Settings (Read/Write Setting) (2 modules)
72C0 Breaker x Arcing Amp Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
72C1 Breaker x Arcing Amp Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
72C2 Breaker x Arcing Amp Init 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
72C3 Breaker x Arcing Amp Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
72C4 Breaker x Arcing Amp Limit 0 to 50000 kA2-cyc 1 F001 1000
72C5 Breaker x Arcing Amp Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
72C6 Breaker x Arcing Amp Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
72C7 Breaker x Arcing Amp Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
72C8 ...Repeated for module number 2
DCMA Inputs (Read/Write Setting) (24 modules)
7300 DCMA Inputs x Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7301 DCMA Inputs x ID --- --- --- F205 "DCMA Ip 1 "
7307 DCMA Inputs x Reserved 1 (4 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
730B DCMA Inputs x Units --- --- --- F206 "mA"
730E DCMA Inputs x Range 0 to 6 --- 1 F173 6 (4 to 20 mA)
730F DCMA Inputs x Minimum Value -9999.999 to 9999.999 --- 0.001 F004 4000
7311 DCMA Inputs x Maximum Value -9999.999 to 9999.999 --- 0.001 F004 20000
7313 DCMA Inputs x Reserved (5 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
7318 ...Repeated for module number 2
7330 ...Repeated for module number 3
7348 ...Repeated for module number 4
7360 ...Repeated for module number 5
7378 ...Repeated for module number 6
7390 ...Repeated for module number 7
73A8 ...Repeated for module number 8
73C0 ...Repeated for module number 9
73D8 ...Repeated for module number 10

B-30 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 23 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
73F0 ...Repeated for module number 11
7408 ...Repeated for module number 12
7420 ...Repeated for module number 13
7438 ...Repeated for module number 14
7450 ...Repeated for module number 15
7468
7480
...Repeated for module number 16
...Repeated for module number 17
B
7498 ...Repeated for module number 18
74B0 ...Repeated for module number 19
74C9 ...Repeated for module number 20
74E0 ...Repeated for module number 21
74F8 ...Repeated for module number 22
7510 ...Repeated for module number 23
7528 ...Repeated for module number 24
RTD Inputs (Read/Write Setting) (48 modules)
7540 RTD Inputs x Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7541 RTD Inputs x ID --- --- --- F205 "RTD Ip 1 "
7547 RTD Inputs x Reserved 1 (4 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
754B RTD Inputs x Type 0 to 3 --- 1 F174 0 (100 Ohm Platinum)
754C RTD Inputs x Reserved 2 (4 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
7550 ...Repeated for module number 2
7560 ...Repeated for module number 3
7570 ...Repeated for module number 4
7580 ...Repeated for module number 5
7590 ...Repeated for module number 6
75A0 ...Repeated for module number 7
75B0 ...Repeated for module number 8
75C0 ...Repeated for module number 9
75D0 ...Repeated for module number 10
75E0 ...Repeated for module number 11
75F0 ...Repeated for module number 12
7600 ...Repeated for module number 13
7610 ...Repeated for module number 14
7620 ...Repeated for module number 15
7630 ...Repeated for module number 16
7640 ...Repeated for module number 17
7650 ...Repeated for module number 18
7660 ...Repeated for module number 19
7670 ...Repeated for module number 20
7680 ...Repeated for module number 21
7690 ...Repeated for module number 22
76A0 ...Repeated for module number 23
76B0 ...Repeated for module number 24
76C0 ...Repeated for module number 25
76D0 ...Repeated for module number 26
76E0 ...Repeated for module number 27
76F0 ...Repeated for module number 28
7700 ...Repeated for module number 29
7710 ...Repeated for module number 30
7720 ...Repeated for module number 31
7730 ...Repeated for module number 32
7740 ...Repeated for module number 33
7750 ...Repeated for module number 34
7760 ...Repeated for module number 35
7770 ...Repeated for module number 36
7780 ...Repeated for module number 37

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-31

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 24 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
7790 ...Repeated for module number 38
77A0 ...Repeated for module number 39
77B0 ...Repeated for module number 40
77C0 ...Repeated for module number 41
77D0 ...Repeated for module number 42

B 77E0
77F0
...Repeated for module number 43
...Repeated for module number 44
7800 ...Repeated for module number 45
7810 ...Repeated for module number 46
7820 ...Repeated for module number 47
7830 ...Repeated for module number 48
Ohm Inputs (Read/Write Setting) (2 modules)
7840 Ohm Inputs x Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7841 Ohm Inputs x ID --- --- --- F205 "Ohm Ip 1 "
7847 Ohm Inputs x Reserved (9 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
7850 ...Repeated for module number 2
Neutral Overvoltage (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (3 modules)
7F00 Neutral OV X Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7F01 Neutral OV X Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
7F02 Neutral OV X Pickup 0 to 1.25 pu 0.001 F001 300
7F03 Neutral OV X Pickup Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 100
7F04 Neutral OV X Reset Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 100
7F05 Neutral OV X Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7F06 Neutral OV X Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
7F07 Neutral OV X Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7F08 Neutral OV Reserved (8 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
7F10 ...Repeated for module number 2
7F20 ...Repeated for module number 3
Auxiliary Overvoltage (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (3 modules)
7F30 Auxiliary OV X Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7F31 Auxiliary OV X Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
7F32 Auxiliary OV X Pickup 0 to 3 pu 0.001 F001 300
7F33 Auxiliary OV X Pickup Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 100
7F34 Auxiliary OV X Reset Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 100
7F35 Auxiliary OV X Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7F36 Auxiliary OV X Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
7F37 Auxiliary OV X Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7F38 Auxiliary OV X Reserved (8 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
7F40 ...Repeated for module number 2
7F50 ...Repeated for module number 3
Auxiliary Undervoltage (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (3 modules)
7F60 Auxiliary UV X Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7F61 Auxiliary UV X Signal Source 0 to 5 --- 1 F167 0 (SRC 1)
7F62 Auxiliary UV X Pickup 0 to 3 pu 0.001 F001 700
7F63 Auxiliary UV X Delay 0 to 600 s 0.01 F001 100
7F64 Auxiliary UV X Curve 0 to 1 --- 1 F111 0 (Definite Time)
7F65 Auxiliary UV X Minimum Voltage 0 to 3 pu 0.001 F001 100
7F66 Auxiliary UV X Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
7F67 Auxiliary UV X Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
7F68 Auxiliary UV X Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
7F69 Auxiliary UV X Reserved (7 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F001 0
7F70 ...Repeated for module number 2
7F80 ...Repeated for module number 3
Frequency (Read Only)
8000 Tracking Frequency 2 to 90 Hz 0.01 F001 0

B-32 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 25 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
FlexState Settings (Read/Write Setting)
8800 FlexState Parameters (256 items) --- --- --- F300 0
FlexElement (Read/Write Setting) (16 modules)
9000 FlexElement Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
9001 FlexElement Name --- --- --- F206 "FxE 1 "
9004
9005
FlexElement InputP
FlexElement InputM
0 to 65535
0 to 65535
---
---
1
1
F600
F600
0
0
B
9006 FlexElement Compare 0 to 1 --- 1 F516 0 (LEVEL)
9007 FlexElement Input 0 to 1 --- 1 F515 0 (SIGNED)
9008 FlexElement Direction 0 to 1 --- 1 F517 0 (OVER)
9009 FlexElement Hysterisis 0.1 to 50 % 0.1 F001 30
900A FlexElement Pickup -90 to 90 pu 0.001 F004 1000
900C FlexElement DeltaT Units 0 to 2 --- 1 F518 0 (Milliseconds)
900D FlexElement DeltaT 20 to 86400 --- 1 F003 20
900F FlexElement Pkp Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
9010 FlexElement Rst Delay 0 to 65.535 s 0.001 F001 0
9011 FlexElement Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
9012 FlexElement Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
9013 FlexElement Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
9014 ...Repeated for module number 2
9028 ...Repeated for module number 3
903C ...Repeated for module number 4
9050 ...Repeated for module number 5
9064 ...Repeated for module number 6
9078 ...Repeated for module number 7
908C ...Repeated for module number 8
90A0 ...Repeated for module number 9
90B4 ...Repeated for module number 10
90C8 ...Repeated for module number 11
90DC ...Repeated for module number 12
90F0 ...Repeated for module number 13
9104 ...Repeated for module number 14
9118 ...Repeated for module number 15
912C ...Repeated for module number 16
FlexElement Actuals (Read Only) (16 modules)
9A01 FlexElement Actual -2147483.647 to --- 0.001 F004 0
2147483.647
9A03 ...Repeated for module number 2
9A05 ...Repeated for module number 3
9A07 ...Repeated for module number 4
9A09 ...Repeated for module number 5
9A0B ...Repeated for module number 6
9A0D ...Repeated for module number 7
9A0F ...Repeated for module number 8
9A11 ...Repeated for module number 9
9A13 ...Repeated for module number 10
9A15 ...Repeated for module number 11
9A17 ...Repeated for module number 12
9A19 ...Repeated for module number 13
9A1B ...Repeated for module number 14
9A1D ...Repeated for module number 15
9A1F ...Repeated for module number 16
Setting Groups (Read/Write Setting)
A000 Setting Group for Modbus Comms (0 means group 1) 0 to 5 --- 1 F001 0
A001 Setting Groups Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
A002 FlexLogic Operands to Activate Groups 2 - 6 (5 items) 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
A009 Setting Group Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-33

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 26 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
A00A Setting Group Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
Setting Groups (Read Only)
A00B Current Setting Group 0 to 5 --- 1 F001 0
VT Fuse Failure (Read/Write Setting) (6 modules)
A040 VT Fuse Failure Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)

B A041
A042
...Repeated for module number 2
...Repeated for module number 3
A043 ...Repeated for module number 4
A044 ...Repeated for module number 5
A045 ...Repeated for module number 6
Flexcurve C (Read/Write Setting)
AC00 FlexCurve C (120 items) 0 to 65535 ms 1 F011 0
Flexcurve D (Read/Write Setting)
AC78 FlexCurve D (120 items) 0 to 65535 ms 1 F011 0
Non Volatile Latches (Read/Write Setting) (16 modules)
AD00 Latch x Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
AD01 Latch x Type 0 to 1 --- 1 F519 0 (Reset Dominant)
AD02 Latch x Set 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
AD03 Latch x Reset 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
AD04 Latch x Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
AD05 Latch x Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
AD06 Latch x Reserved (4 items) --- --- --- F001 0
AD0A ...Repeated for module number 2
AD14 ...Repeated for module number 3
AD1E ...Repeated for module number 4
AD28 ...Repeated for module number 5
AD32 ...Repeated for module number 6
AD3C ...Repeated for module number 7
AD46 ...Repeated for module number 8
AD50 ...Repeated for module number 9
AD5A ...Repeated for module number 10
AD64 ...Repeated for module number 11
AD6E ...Repeated for module number 12
AD78 ...Repeated for module number 13
AD82 ...Repeated for module number 14
AD8C ...Repeated for module number 15
AD96 ...Repeated for module number 16
Digital Elements (Read/Write Setting) (16 modules)
B000 Digital Element x Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
B001 Digital Element x Name --- --- --- F203 "Dig Element 1 "
B015 Digital Element x Input 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
B016 Digital Element x Pickup Delay 0 to 999999.999 s 0.001 F003 0
B018 Digital Element x Reset Delay 0 to 999999.999 s 0.001 F003 0
B01A Digital Element x Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
B01B Digital Element x Target 0 to 2 --- 1 F109 0 (Self-reset)
B01C Digital Element x Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
B01D Digital Element x Reserved (3 items) --- --- --- F001 0
B020 ...Repeated for module number 2
B040 ...Repeated for module number 3
B060 ...Repeated for module number 4
B080 ...Repeated for module number 5
B0A0 ...Repeated for module number 6
B0C0 ...Repeated for module number 7
B0E0 ...Repeated for module number 8
B100 ...Repeated for module number 9
B120 ...Repeated for module number 10

B-34 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 27 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
B140 ...Repeated for module number 11
B160 ...Repeated for module number 12
B180 ...Repeated for module number 13
B1A0 ...Repeated for module number 14
B1C0 ...Repeated for module number 15
B1E0 ...Repeated for module number 16
Digital Counter (Read/Write Setting) (8 modules)
B
B300 Digital Counter x Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
B301 Digital Counter x Name --- --- --- F205 "Counter 1 "
B307 Digital Counter x Units --- --- --- F206 (none)
B30A Digital Counter x Block 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
B30B Digital Counter x Up 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
B30C Digital Counter x Down 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
B30D Digital Counter x Preset -2147483647 to --- 1 F004 0
2147483647
B30F Digital Counter x Compare -2147483647 to --- 1 F004 0
2147483647
B311 Digital Counter x Reset 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
B312 Digital Counter x Freeze/Reset 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
B313 Digital Counter x Freeze/Count 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
B314 Digital Counter Set To Preset 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
B315 Digital Counter x Reserved (11 items) --- --- --- F001 0
B320 ...Repeated for module number 2
B340 ...Repeated for module number 3
B360 ...Repeated for module number 4
B380 ...Repeated for module number 5
B3A0 ...Repeated for module number 6
B3C0 ...Repeated for module number 7
B3E0 ...Repeated for module number 8
Contact Inputs (Read/Write Setting) (96 modules)
C000 Contact Input x Name --- --- --- F205 "Cont Ip 1 "
C006 Contact Input x Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
C007 Contact Input x Debounce Time 0 to 16 ms 0.5 F001 20
C008 ...Repeated for module number 2
C010 ...Repeated for module number 3
C018 ...Repeated for module number 4
C020 ...Repeated for module number 5
C028 ...Repeated for module number 6
C030 ...Repeated for module number 7
C038 ...Repeated for module number 8
C040 ...Repeated for module number 9
C048 ...Repeated for module number 10
C050 ...Repeated for module number 11
C058 ...Repeated for module number 12
C060 ...Repeated for module number 13
C068 ...Repeated for module number 14
C070 ...Repeated for module number 15
C078 ...Repeated for module number 16
C080 ...Repeated for module number 17
C088 ...Repeated for module number 18
C090 ...Repeated for module number 19
C098 ...Repeated for module number 20
C0A0 ...Repeated for module number 21
C0A8 ...Repeated for module number 22
C0B0 ...Repeated for module number 23
C0B8 ...Repeated for module number 24
C0C0 ...Repeated for module number 25

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-35

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 28 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
C0C8 ...Repeated for module number 26
C0D0 ...Repeated for module number 27
C0D8 ...Repeated for module number 28
C0E0 ...Repeated for module number 29
C0E8 ...Repeated for module number 30

B C0F0
C0F8
...Repeated for module number 31
...Repeated for module number 32
C100 ...Repeated for module number 33
C108 ...Repeated for module number 34
C110 ...Repeated for module number 35
C118 ...Repeated for module number 36
C120 ...Repeated for module number 37
C128 ...Repeated for module number 38
C130 ...Repeated for module number 39
C138 ...Repeated for module number 40
C140 ...Repeated for module number 41
C148 ...Repeated for module number 42
C150 ...Repeated for module number 43
C158 ...Repeated for module number 44
C160 ...Repeated for module number 45
C168 ...Repeated for module number 46
C170 ...Repeated for module number 47
C178 ...Repeated for module number 48
C180 ...Repeated for module number 49
C188 ...Repeated for module number 50
C190 ...Repeated for module number 51
C198 ...Repeated for module number 52
C1A0 ...Repeated for module number 53
C1A8 ...Repeated for module number 54
C1B0 ...Repeated for module number 55
C1B8 ...Repeated for module number 56
C1C0 ...Repeated for module number 57
C1C8 ...Repeated for module number 58
C1D0 ...Repeated for module number 59
C1D8 ...Repeated for module number 60
C1E0 ...Repeated for module number 61
C1E8 ...Repeated for module number 62
C1F0 ...Repeated for module number 63
C1F8 ...Repeated for module number 64
C200 ...Repeated for module number 65
C208 ...Repeated for module number 66
C210 ...Repeated for module number 67
C218 ...Repeated for module number 68
C220 ...Repeated for module number 69
C228 ...Repeated for module number 70
C230 ...Repeated for module number 71
C238 ...Repeated for module number 72
C240 ...Repeated for module number 73
C248 ...Repeated for module number 74
C250 ...Repeated for module number 75
C258 ...Repeated for module number 76
C260 ...Repeated for module number 77
C268 ...Repeated for module number 78
C270 ...Repeated for module number 79
C278 ...Repeated for module number 80
C280 ...Repeated for module number 81

B-36 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 29 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
C288 ...Repeated for module number 82
C290 ...Repeated for module number 83
C298 ...Repeated for module number 84
C2A0 ...Repeated for module number 85
C2A8 ...Repeated for module number 86
C2B0
C2B8
...Repeated for module number 87
...Repeated for module number 88
B
C2C0 ...Repeated for module number 89
C2C8 ...Repeated for module number 90
C2D0 ...Repeated for module number 91
C2D8 ...Repeated for module number 92
C2E0 ...Repeated for module number 93
C2E8 ...Repeated for module number 94
C2F0 ...Repeated for module number 95
C2F8 ...Repeated for module number 96
Contact Input Thresholds (Read/Write Setting)
C600 Contact Input x Threshold (24 items) 0 to 3 --- 1 F128 1 (33 Vdc)
Virtual Inputs Global Settings (Read/Write Setting)
C680 Virtual Inputs SBO Timeout 1 to 60 s 1 F001 30
Virtual Inputs (Read/Write Setting) (32 modules)
C690 Virtual Input x Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
C691 Virtual Input x Name --- --- --- F205 "Virt Ip 1 "
C69B Virtual Input x Programmed Type 0 to 1 --- 1 F127 0 (Latched)
C69C Virtual Input x Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
C69D Virtual Input x UCA SBOClass 1 to 2 --- 1 F001 1
C69E Virtual Input x UCA SBOEna 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
C69F Virtual Input x Reserved --- --- --- F001 0
C6A0 ...Repeated for module number 2
C6B0 ...Repeated for module number 3
C6C0 ...Repeated for module number 4
C6D0 ...Repeated for module number 5
C6E0 ...Repeated for module number 6
C6F0 ...Repeated for module number 7
C700 ...Repeated for module number 8
C710 ...Repeated for module number 9
C720 ...Repeated for module number 10
C730 ...Repeated for module number 11
C740 ...Repeated for module number 12
C750 ...Repeated for module number 13
C760 ...Repeated for module number 14
C770 ...Repeated for module number 15
C780 ...Repeated for module number 16
C790 ...Repeated for module number 17
C7A0 ...Repeated for module number 18
C7B0 ...Repeated for module number 19
C7C0 ...Repeated for module number 20
C7D0 ...Repeated for module number 21
C7E0 ...Repeated for module number 22
C7F0 ...Repeated for module number 23
C800 ...Repeated for module number 24
C810 ...Repeated for module number 25
C820 ...Repeated for module number 26
C830 ...Repeated for module number 27
C840 ...Repeated for module number 28
C850 ...Repeated for module number 29
C860 ...Repeated for module number 30

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-37

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 30 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
C870 ...Repeated for module number 31
C880 ...Repeated for module number 32
Virtual Outputs (Read/Write Setting) (64 modules)
CC90 Virtual Output x Name --- --- --- F205 "Virt Op 1 "
CC9A Virtual Output x Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)

B CC9B
CCA0
Virtual Output x Reserved (5 items)
...Repeated for module number 2
--- --- --- F001 0

CCB0 ...Repeated for module number 3

CCC0 ...Repeated for module number 4
CCD0 ...Repeated for module number 5
CCE0 ...Repeated for module number 6
CCF0 ...Repeated for module number 7
CD00 ...Repeated for module number 8
CD10 ...Repeated for module number 9
CD20 ...Repeated for module number 10
CD30 ...Repeated for module number 11
CD40 ...Repeated for module number 12
CD50 ...Repeated for module number 13
CD60 ...Repeated for module number 14
CD70 ...Repeated for module number 15
CD80 ...Repeated for module number 16
CD90 ...Repeated for module number 17
CDA0 ...Repeated for module number 18
CDB0 ...Repeated for module number 19
CDC0 ...Repeated for module number 20
CDD0 ...Repeated for module number 21
CDE0 ...Repeated for module number 22
CDF0 ...Repeated for module number 23
CE00 ...Repeated for module number 24
CE10 ...Repeated for module number 25
CE20 ...Repeated for module number 26
CE30 ...Repeated for module number 27
CE40 ...Repeated for module number 28
CE50 ...Repeated for module number 29
CE60 ...Repeated for module number 30
CE70 ...Repeated for module number 31
CE80 ...Repeated for module number 32
CE90 ...Repeated for module number 33
CEA0 ...Repeated for module number 34
CEB0 ...Repeated for module number 35
CEC0 ...Repeated for module number 36
CED0 ...Repeated for module number 37
CEE0 ...Repeated for module number 38
CEF0 ...Repeated for module number 39
CF00 ...Repeated for module number 40
CF10 ...Repeated for module number 41
CF20 ...Repeated for module number 42
CF30 ...Repeated for module number 43
CF40 ...Repeated for module number 44
CF50 ...Repeated for module number 45
CF60 ...Repeated for module number 46
CF70 ...Repeated for module number 47
CF80 ...Repeated for module number 48
CF90 ...Repeated for module number 49
CFA0 ...Repeated for module number 50
CFB0 ...Repeated for module number 51

B-38 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 31 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
CFC0 ...Repeated for module number 52
CFD0 ...Repeated for module number 53
CFE0 ...Repeated for module number 54
CFF0 ...Repeated for module number 55
D000 ...Repeated for module number 56
D010
D020
...Repeated for module number 57
...Repeated for module number 58
B
D030 ...Repeated for module number 59
D040 ...Repeated for module number 60
D050 ...Repeated for module number 61
D060 ...Repeated for module number 62
D070 ...Repeated for module number 63
D080 ...Repeated for module number 64
Mandatory (Read/Write Setting)
D280 Test Mode Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
D281 Force VFD and LED 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 0 (No)
Contact Outputs (Read/Write Setting) (64 modules)
D290 Contact Output x Name --- --- --- F205 "Cont Op 1 "
D29A Contact Output x Operation 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
D29B Contact Output x Seal-In 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
D29C Reserved --- --- 1 F001 0
D29D Contact Output x Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 1 (Enabled)
D29E Reserved (2 items) --- --- --- F001 0
D2A0 ...Repeated for module number 2
D2B0 ...Repeated for module number 3
D2C0 ...Repeated for module number 4
D2D0 ...Repeated for module number 5
D2E0 ...Repeated for module number 6
D2F0 ...Repeated for module number 7
D300 ...Repeated for module number 8
D310 ...Repeated for module number 9
D320 ...Repeated for module number 10
D330 ...Repeated for module number 11
D340 ...Repeated for module number 12
D350 ...Repeated for module number 13
D360 ...Repeated for module number 14
D370 ...Repeated for module number 15
D380 ...Repeated for module number 16
D390 ...Repeated for module number 17
D3A0 ...Repeated for module number 18
D3B0 ...Repeated for module number 19
D3C0 ...Repeated for module number 20
D3D0 ...Repeated for module number 21
D3E0 ...Repeated for module number 22
D3F0 ...Repeated for module number 23
D400 ...Repeated for module number 24
D410 ...Repeated for module number 25
D420 ...Repeated for module number 26
D430 ...Repeated for module number 27
D440 ...Repeated for module number 28
D450 ...Repeated for module number 29
D460 ...Repeated for module number 30
D470 ...Repeated for module number 31
D480 ...Repeated for module number 32
D490 ...Repeated for module number 33
D4A0 ...Repeated for module number 34

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-39

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 32 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
D4B0 ...Repeated for module number 35
D4C0 ...Repeated for module number 36
D4D0 ...Repeated for module number 37
D4E0 ...Repeated for module number 38
D4F0 ...Repeated for module number 39

B D500
D510
...Repeated for module number 40
...Repeated for module number 41
D520 ...Repeated for module number 42
D530 ...Repeated for module number 43
D540 ...Repeated for module number 44
D550 ...Repeated for module number 45
D560 ...Repeated for module number 46
D570 ...Repeated for module number 47
D580 ...Repeated for module number 48
D590 ...Repeated for module number 49
D5A0 ...Repeated for module number 50
D5B0 ...Repeated for module number 51
D5C0 ...Repeated for module number 52
D5D0 ...Repeated for module number 53
D5E0 ...Repeated for module number 54
D5F0 ...Repeated for module number 55
D600 ...Repeated for module number 56
D610 ...Repeated for module number 57
D620 ...Repeated for module number 58
D630 ...Repeated for module number 59
D640 ...Repeated for module number 60
D650 ...Repeated for module number 61
D660 ...Repeated for module number 62
D670 ...Repeated for module number 63
D680 ...Repeated for module number 64
Reset (Read/Write Setting)
D800 FlexLogic operand which initiates a reset 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
Force Contact Inputs (Read/Write Setting)
D8B0 Force Contact Input x State (96 items) 0 to 2 --- 1 F144 0 (Disabled)
Force Contact Outputs (Read/Write Setting)
D910 Force Contact Output x State (64 items) 0 to 3 --- 1 F131 0 (Disabled)
Platform Direct I/O (Read/Write Setting)
DB40 Direct Device ID 1 to 8 --- 1 F001 1
DB41 Platform Direct I/O Ring Configuration Function 0 to 1 --- 1 F126 0 (No)
DB42 Direct I/O Data Rate 64 to 128 kbps 64 F001 64
Platform Direct Inputs (Read/Write Setting) (96 modules)
DB50 Direct Input x Device Number 0 to 8 --- 1 F001 0
DB51 Direct Input x Number 0 to 96 --- 1 F001 0
DB52 Direct Input x Default State 0 to 1 --- 1 F108 0 (Off)
DB53 Direct Input x Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
DB54 ...Repeated for module number 2
DB58 ...Repeated for module number 3
DB5C ...Repeated for module number 4
DB60 ...Repeated for module number 5
DB64 ...Repeated for module number 6
DB68 ...Repeated for module number 7
DB6C ...Repeated for module number 8
DB70 ...Repeated for module number 9
DB74 ...Repeated for module number 10
DB78 ...Repeated for module number 11
DB7C ...Repeated for module number 12

B-40 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 33 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
DB80 ...Repeated for module number 13
DB84 ...Repeated for module number 14
DB88 ...Repeated for module number 15
DB8C ...Repeated for module number 16
DB90 ...Repeated for module number 17
DB94
DB98
...Repeated for module number 18
...Repeated for module number 19
B
DB9C ...Repeated for module number 20
DBA0 ...Repeated for module number 21
DBA4 ...Repeated for module number 22
DBA8 ...Repeated for module number 23
DBAC ...Repeated for module number 24
DBB0 ...Repeated for module number 25
DBB4 ...Repeated for module number 26
DBB8 ...Repeated for module number 27
DBBC ...Repeated for module number 28
DBC0 ...Repeated for module number 29
DBC4 ...Repeated for module number 30
DBC8 ...Repeated for module number 31
DBCC ...Repeated for module number 32
Platform Direct Outputs (Read/Write Setting) (96 modules)
DD00 Direct Output x Operand 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
DD01 Direct Output x Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
DD02 ...Repeated for module number 2
DD04 ...Repeated for module number 3
DD06 ...Repeated for module number 4
DD08 ...Repeated for module number 5
DD0A ...Repeated for module number 6
DD0C ...Repeated for module number 7
DD0E ...Repeated for module number 8
DD10 ...Repeated for module number 9
DD12 ...Repeated for module number 10
DD14 ...Repeated for module number 11
DD16 ...Repeated for module number 12
DD18 ...Repeated for module number 13
DD1A ...Repeated for module number 14
DD1C ...Repeated for module number 15
DD1E ...Repeated for module number 16
DD20 ...Repeated for module number 17
DD22 ...Repeated for module number 18
DD24 ...Repeated for module number 19
DD26 ...Repeated for module number 20
DD28 ...Repeated for module number 21
DD2A ...Repeated for module number 22
DD2C ...Repeated for module number 23
DD2E ...Repeated for module number 24
DD30 ...Repeated for module number 25
DD32 ...Repeated for module number 26
DD34 ...Repeated for module number 27
DD36 ...Repeated for module number 28
DD38 ...Repeated for module number 29
DD3A ...Repeated for module number 30
DD3C ...Repeated for module number 31
DD3E ...Repeated for module number 32
Remote Devices (Read/Write Setting) (16 modules)
E000 Remote Device x ID --- --- --- F202 "Remote Device 1 "

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-41

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 34 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
E00A ...Repeated for module number 2
E014 ...Repeated for module number 3
E01E ...Repeated for module number 4
E028 ...Repeated for module number 5
E032 ...Repeated for module number 6

B E03C
E046
...Repeated for module number 7
...Repeated for module number 8
E050 ...Repeated for module number 9
E05A ...Repeated for module number 10
E064 ...Repeated for module number 11
E06E ...Repeated for module number 12
E078 ...Repeated for module number 13
E082 ...Repeated for module number 14
E08C ...Repeated for module number 15
E096 ...Repeated for module number 16
Remote Inputs (Read/Write Setting) (32 modules)
E100 Remote Input x Device 1 to 16 --- 1 F001 1
E101 Remote Input x Bit Pair 0 to 64 --- 1 F156 0 (None)
E102 Remote Input x Default State 0 to 1 --- 1 F108 0 (Off)
E103 Remote Input x Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
E104 ...Repeated for module number 2
E108 ...Repeated for module number 3
E10C ...Repeated for module number 4
E110 ...Repeated for module number 5
E114 ...Repeated for module number 6
E118 ...Repeated for module number 7
E11C ...Repeated for module number 8
E120 ...Repeated for module number 9
E124 ...Repeated for module number 10
E128 ...Repeated for module number 11
E12C ...Repeated for module number 12
E130 ...Repeated for module number 13
E134 ...Repeated for module number 14
E138 ...Repeated for module number 15
E13C ...Repeated for module number 16
E140 ...Repeated for module number 17
E144 ...Repeated for module number 18
E148 ...Repeated for module number 19
E14C ...Repeated for module number 20
E150 ...Repeated for module number 21
E154 ...Repeated for module number 22
E158 ...Repeated for module number 23
E15C ...Repeated for module number 24
E160 ...Repeated for module number 25
E164 ...Repeated for module number 26
E168 ...Repeated for module number 27
E16C ...Repeated for module number 28
E170 ...Repeated for module number 29
E174 ...Repeated for module number 30
E178 ...Repeated for module number 31
E17C ...Repeated for module number 32
Remote Output DNA Pairs (Read/Write Setting) (32 modules)
E600 Remote Output DNA x Operand 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
E601 Remote Output DNA x Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
E602 Remote Output DNA x Reserved (2 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
E604 ...Repeated for module number 2

B-42 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 35 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
E608 ...Repeated for module number 3
E60C ...Repeated for module number 4
E610 ...Repeated for module number 5
E614 ...Repeated for module number 6
E618 ...Repeated for module number 7
E61C
E620
...Repeated for module number 8
...Repeated for module number 9
B
E624 ...Repeated for module number 10
E628 ...Repeated for module number 11
E62C ...Repeated for module number 12
E630 ...Repeated for module number 13
E634 ...Repeated for module number 14
E638 ...Repeated for module number 15
E63C ...Repeated for module number 16
E640 ...Repeated for module number 17
E644 ...Repeated for module number 18
E648 ...Repeated for module number 19
E64C ...Repeated for module number 20
E650 ...Repeated for module number 21
E654 ...Repeated for module number 22
E658 ...Repeated for module number 23
E65C ...Repeated for module number 24
E660 ...Repeated for module number 25
E664 ...Repeated for module number 26
E668 ...Repeated for module number 27
E66C ...Repeated for module number 28
E670 ...Repeated for module number 29
E674 ...Repeated for module number 30
E678 ...Repeated for module number 31
E67C ...Repeated for module number 32
Remote Output UserSt Pairs (Read/Write Setting) (32 modules)
E680 Remote Output UserSt x Operand 0 to 65535 --- 1 F300 0
E681 Remote Output UserSt x Events 0 to 1 --- 1 F102 0 (Disabled)
E682 Remote Output UserSt x Reserved (2 items) 0 to 1 --- 1 F001 0
E684 ...Repeated for module number 2
E688 ...Repeated for module number 3
E68C ...Repeated for module number 4
E690 ...Repeated for module number 5
E694 ...Repeated for module number 6
E698 ...Repeated for module number 7
E69C ...Repeated for module number 8
E6A0 ...Repeated for module number 9
E6A4 ...Repeated for module number 10
E6A8 ...Repeated for module number 11
E6AC ...Repeated for module number 12
E6B0 ...Repeated for module number 13
E6B4 ...Repeated for module number 14
E6B8 ...Repeated for module number 15
E6BC ...Repeated for module number 16
E6C0 ...Repeated for module number 17
E6C4 ...Repeated for module number 18
E6C8 ...Repeated for module number 19
E6CC ...Repeated for module number 20
E6D0 ...Repeated for module number 21
E6D4 ...Repeated for module number 22
E6D8 ...Repeated for module number 23

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-43

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

Table B–9: Modbus Memory Map (Sheet 36 of 36)

ADDR REGISTER NAME RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT DEFAULT
E6DC ...Repeated for module number 24
E6E0 ...Repeated for module number 25
E6E4 ...Repeated for module number 26
E6E8 ...Repeated for module number 27
E6EC ...Repeated for module number 28

B E6F0
E6F4
...Repeated for module number 29
...Repeated for module number 30
E6F8 ...Repeated for module number 31
E6FC ...Repeated for module number 32

B-44 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

B.4.2 MEMORY MAP DATA FORMATS

F001 F040
UR_UINT16 UNSIGNED 16 BIT INTEGER UR_UINT48 48-BIT UNSIGNED INTEGER

F002
UR_SINT16 SIGNED 16 BIT INTEGER
F050
UR_UINT32 TIME and DATE (UNSIGNED 32 BIT INTEGER)
B
Gives the current time in seconds elapsed since 00:00:00 January
F003 1, 1970.
UR_UINT32 UNSIGNED 32 BIT INTEGER (2 registers)

High order word is stored in the first register. F051

Low order word is stored in the second register. UR_UINT32 DATE in SR format (alternate format for F050)

First 16 bits are Month/Day (MM/DD/xxxx). Month: 1=January,

F004 2=February,...,12=December; Day: 1 to 31 in steps of 1
UR_SINT32 SIGNED 32 BIT INTEGER (2 registers) Last 16 bits are Year (xx/xx/YYYY): 1970 to 2106 in steps of 1

High order word is stored in the first register/

Low order word is stored in the second register. F052
UR_UINT32 TIME in SR format (alternate format for F050)

F005 First 16 bits are Hours/Minutes (HH:MM:xx.xxx).

UR_UINT8 UNSIGNED 8 BIT INTEGER Hours: 0=12am, 1=1am,...,12=12pm,...23=11pm;
Minutes: 0 to 59 in steps of 1
Last 16 bits are Seconds (xx:xx:.SS.SSS): 0=00.000s,
F006 1=00.001,...,59999=59.999s)
UR_SINT8 SIGNED 8 BIT INTEGER

F060
F011
FLOATING_POINT IEE FLOATING POINT (32 bits)
UR_UINT16 FLEXCURVE DATA (120 points)

A FlexCurve is an array of 120 consecutive data points (x, y) which

F070
are interpolated to generate a smooth curve. The y-axis is the user
HEX2 2 BYTES - 4 ASCII DIGITS
defined trip or operation time setting; the x-axis is the pickup ratio
and is pre-defined. Refer to format F119 for a listing of the pickup
ratios; the enumeration value for the pickup ratio indicates the off-
F071
set into the FlexCurve base address where the corresponding time HEX4 4 BYTES - 8 ASCII DIGITS
value is stored.

F072
F012
HEX6 6 BYTES - 12 ASCII DIGITS
DISPLAY_SCALE DISPLAY SCALING
(unsigned 16-bit integer)
F073
MSB indicates the SI units as a power of ten. LSB indicates the
HEX8 8 BYTES - 16 ASCII DIGITS
number of decimal points to display.
Example: Current values are stored as 32 bit numbers with three
decimal places and base units in Amps. If the retrieved value is F074
12345.678 A and the display scale equals 0x0302 then the dis- HEX20 20 BYTES - 40 ASCII DIGITS
played value on the unit is 12.35 kA.

F100
F013 ENUMERATION: VT CONNECTION TYPE
POWER_FACTOR PWR FACTOR (SIGNED 16 BIT INTEGER)
0 = Wye; 1 = Delta
Positive values indicate lagging power factor; negative values indi-
cate leading.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-45

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

F101 F110
ENUMERATION: MESSAGE DISPLAY INTENSITY ENUMERATION: CONTACT OUTPUT LED CONTROL

0 = 25%, 1 = 50%, 2 = 75%, 3 = 100% 0 = Trip, 1 = Alarm, 2 = None

F102 F111

B ENUMERATION: DISABLED/ENABLED ENUMERATION: UNDERVOLTAGE CURVE SHAPES

0 = Disabled; 1 = Enabled 0 = Definite Time, 1 = Inverse Time

F103 F112
ENUMERATION: CURVE SHAPES ENUMERATION: RS485 BAUD RATES

bitmask curve shape bitmask curve shape bitmask value bitmask value bitmask value
0 IEEE Mod Inv 8 IAC Very Inv 0 300 4 9600 8 115200
1 IEEE Very Inv 9 IAC Inverse 1 1200 5 19200 9 14400
2 IEEE Ext Inv 10 IAC Short Inv 2 2400 6 38400 10 28800
3 IEC Curve A 11 I2t 3 4800 7 57600 11 33600
4 IEC Curve B 12 Definite Time
5 IEC Curve C 13 Flexcurve A
F113
6 IEC Short Inv 14 Flexcurve B ENUMERATION: PARITY
7 IAC Ext Inv
0 = None, 1 = Odd, 2 = Even

F104
ENUMERATION: RESET TYPE F114
ENUMERATION: IRIG-B SIGNAL TYPE
0 = Instantaneous, 1 = Timed, 2 = Linear
0 = None, 1 = DC Shift, 2 = Amplitude Modulated

F105
ENUMERATION: LOGIC INPUT F115
ENUMERATION: BREAKER STATUS
0 = Disabled, 1 = Input 1, 2 = Input 2
0 = Auxiliary A, 1 = Auxiliary B

F106
ENUMERATION: PHASE ROTATION F117
ENUMERATION: NUMBER OF OSCILLOGRAPHY RECORDS
0 = ABC, 1 = ACB
0 = 1×72 cycles, 1 = 3×36 cycles, 2 = 7×18 cycles, 3 = 15×9 cycles

F108
ENUMERATION: OFF/ON F118
ENUMERATION: OSCILLOGRAPHY MODE
0 = Off, 1 = On
0 = Automatic Overwrite, 1 = Protected

F109
ENUMERATION: CONTACT OUTPUT OPERATION

0 = Self-reset, 1 = Latched, 2 = Disabled

B-46 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

F119 F124
ENUMERATION: FLEXCURVE PICKUP RATIOS ENUMERATION: LIST OF ELEMENTS

mask value mask value mask value mask value

bitmask element
0 0.00 30 0.88 60 2.90 90 5.90
0 PHASE IOC1
1 0.05 31 0.90 61 3.00 91 6.00
1 PHASE IOC2
2
3
0.10
0.15
32
33
0.91
0.92
62
63
3.10
3.20
92
93
6.50
7.00
16 PHASE TOC1 B
17 PHASE TOC2
4 0.20 34 0.93 64 3.30 94 7.50
24 PH DIR1
5 0.25 35 0.94 65 3.40 95 8.00
25 PH DIR2
6 0.30 36 0.95 66 3.50 96 8.50
32 NEUTRAL IOC1
7 0.35 37 0.96 67 3.60 97 9.00
33 NEUTRAL IOC2
8 0.40 38 0.97 68 3.70 98 9.50
48 NEUTRAL TOC1
9 0.45 39 0.98 69 3.80 99 10.00
49 NEUTRAL TOC2
10 0.48 40 1.03 70 3.90 100 10.50
56 NTRL DIR
11 0.50 41 1.05 71 4.00 101 11.00
57 NTRL DIR
12 0.52 42 1.10 72 4.10 102 11.50
60 NEG SEQ
13 0.54 43 1.20 73 4.20 103 12.00
61 NEG SEQ
14 0.56 44 1.30 74 4.30 104 12.50
64 GROUND IOC1
15 0.58 45 1.40 75 4.40 105 13.00
65 GROUND IOC2
16 0.60 46 1.50 76 4.50 106 13.50
80 GROUND TOC1
17 0.62 47 1.60 77 4.60 107 14.00
81 GROUND TOC2
18 0.64 48 1.70 78 4.70 108 14.50
96 NEG SEQ
19 0.66 49 1.80 79 4.80 109 15.00
97 NEG SEQ
20 0.68 50 1.90 80 4.90 110 15.50
112 NEG SEQ
21 0.70 51 2.00 81 5.00 111 16.00
113 NEG SEQ
22 0.72 52 2.10 82 5.10 112 16.50
120 NEG SEQ
23 0.74 53 2.20 83 5.20 113 17.00
140 AUX UV1
24 0.76 54 2.30 84 5.30 114 17.50
144 PHASE UV1
25 0.78 55 2.40 85 5.40 115 18.00
145 PHASE UV2
26 0.80 56 2.50 86 5.50 116 18.50
148 AUX OV1
27 0.82 57 2.60 87 5.60 117 19.00
152 PHASE OV1
28 0.84 58 2.70 88 5.70 118 19.50
156 NEUTRAL OV1
29 0.86 59 2.80 89 5.80 119 20.00
160 PH DIST 1
161 PH DIST 2
F120 162 PH DIST 3
ENUMERATION: DISTANCE SHAPE
163 PH DIST 4
0 = Mho, 1 = Quad 168 LINE PICKUP
176 GND DIST 1
177 GND DIST 2
F122
ENUMERATION: ELEMENT INPUT SIGNAL TYPE 178 GND DIST 3
179 GND DIST 4
0 = Phasor, 1 = RMS 180 LOAD ENCHR
184 DUTT
F123 185 PUTT
ENUMERATION: CT SECONDARY 186 POTT
187 HYBRID POTT
0 = 1 A, 1 = 5 A
188 BLOCK SCHEME
190 POWER SWING

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-47

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

bitmask element bitmask element

224 SRC1 VT 354 UNDERFREQ 3
225 SRC2 VT 355 UNDERFREQ 4
226 SRC3 VT 356 UNDERFREQ 5
227 SRC4 VT 357 UNDERFREQ 6
228 SRC5 VT 400 FLEX ELEMENT 1

B 229
232
SRC6 VT
SRC1 50DD
401
402
FLEX ELEMENT 2
FLEX ELEMENT 3
233 SRC2 50DD 403 FLEX ELEMENT 4
234 SRC3 50DD 404 FLEX ELEMENT 5
235 SRC4 50DD 405 FLEX ELEMENT 6
236 SRC5 50DD 406 FLEX ELEMENT 7
237 SRC6 50DD 407 FLEX ELEMENT 8
242 OPEN POLE 408 FLEX ELEMENT 9
244 50DD 409 FLEX ELEMENT 10
245 CONT MONITOR 410 FLEX ELEMENT 11
246 CT FAIL 411 FLEX ELEMENT 12
247 CT TROUBLE1 412 FLEX ELEMENT 13
248 CT TROUBLE2 413 FLEX ELEMENT 14
265 STATOR DIFF 414 FLEX ELEMENT 15
272 BREAKER 1 415 FLEX ELEMENT 16
273 BREAKER 2 512 DIG ELEM 1
280 BKR FAIL 513 DIG ELEM 2
281 BKR FAIL 514 DIG ELEM 3
288 BKR ARC 515 DIG ELEM 4
289 BKR ARC 516 DIG ELEM 5
296 ACCDNT ENRG 517 DIG ELEM 6
300 LOSS EXCIT 518 DIG ELEM 7
304 AR 1 519 DIG ELEM 8
305 AR 2 520 DIG ELEM 9
306 AR 3 521 DIG ELEM 10
307 AR 4 522 DIG ELEM 11
308 AR 5 523 DIG ELEM 12
309 AR 6 524 DIG ELEM 13
312 SYNC 1 525 DIG ELEM 14
313 SYNC 2 526 DIG ELEM 15
320 COLD LOAD 527 DIG ELEM 16
321 COLD LOAD 544 COUNTER 1
324 AMP UNBALANCE 545 COUNTER 2
325 AMP UNBALANCE 546 COUNTER 3
330 3RD HARM 547 COUNTER 4
336 SETTING GROUP 548 COUNTER 5
337 RESET 549 COUNTER 6
344 OVERFREQ 1 550 COUNTER 7
345 OVERFREQ 2 551 COUNTER 8
346 OVERFREQ 3
347 OVERFREQ 4 F125
352 UNDERFREQ 1 ENUMERATION: ACCESS LEVEL
353 UNDERFREQ 2
0 = Restricted; 1 = Command, 2 = Setting, 3 = Factory Service

B-48 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

F126 F138
ENUMERATION: NO/YES CHOICE ENUMERATION: OSCILLOGRAPHY FILE TYPE

0 = No, 1 = Yes 0 = Data File, 1 = Configuration File, 2 = Header File

F127 F140
ENUMERATION: LATCHED OR SELF-RESETTING ENUMERATION: CURRENT, SENS CURRENT, VOLTAGE,
DISABLED B
0 = Latched, 1 = Self-Reset
0 = Disabled, 1 = Current 46A, 2 = Voltage 280V, 3 = Current 4.6A
4 = Current 2A, 5 = Notched 4.6A, 6 = Notched 2A
F128
ENUMERATION: CONTACT INPUT THRESHOLD
F141
0 = 16 Vdc, 1 = 30 Vdc, 2 = 80 Vdc, 3 =140 Vdc ENUMERATION: SELF TEST ERROR

bitmask error
F129 0 ANY SELF TESTS
ENUMERATION: FLEXLOGIC TIMER TYPE
1 IRIG-B FAILURE
0 = millisecond, 1 = second, 2 = minute 2 DSP ERROR
4 NO DSP INTERRUPTS
5 UNIT NOT CALIBRATED
F130
ENUMERATION: SIMULATION MODE 9 PROTOTYPE FIRMWARE
10 FLEXLOGIC ERR TOKEN
0 = Off. 1 = Pre-Fault, 2 = Fault, 3 = Post-Fault 11 EQUIPMENT MISMATCH
13 UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED
F131 14 SYSTEM EXCEPTION
ENUMERATION: FORCED CONTACT OUTPUT STATE 19 BATTERY FAIL
20 PRI ETHERNET FAIL
0 = Disabled, 1 = Energized, 2 = De-energized, 3 = Freeze
21 SEC ETHERNET FAIL
22 EEPROM DATA ERROR
F133
23 SRAM DATA ERROR
ENUMERATION: PROGRAM STATE
24 PROGRAM MEMORY
0 = Not Programmed, 1 = Programmed 25 WATCHDOG ERROR
26 LOW ON MEMORY

F134 27 REMOTE DEVICE OFF

ENUMERATION: PASS/FAIL 30 ANY MINOR ERROR
31 ANY MAJOR ERROR
0 = Fail, 1 = OK, 2 = n/a

F142
F135 ENUMERATION: EVENT RECORDER ACCESS FILE TYPE
ENUMERATION: GAIN CALIBRATION
0 = All Record Data, 1 = Headers Only, 2 = Numeric Event Cause
0 = 0x1, 1 = 1x16

F143
F136 UR_UINT32: 32 BIT ERROR CODE (F141 specifies bit number)
ENUMERATION: NUMBER OF OSCILLOGRAPHY RECORDS
A bit value of 0 = no error, 1 = error
0 = 31 x 8 cycles, 1 = 15 x 16 cycles, 2 = 7 x 32 cycles
3 = 3 x 64 cycles, 4 = 1 x 128 cycles
F144
ENUMERATION: FORCED CONTACT INPUT STATE

0 = Disabled, 1 = Open, 2 = Closed

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-49

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

bitmask fault type

F145
6 AC
ENUMERATION: ALPHABET LETTER
7 ABG
bitmask type bitmask type bitmask type bitmask type 8 BCG
0 null 7 G 14 N 21 U 9 ACG
1 A 8 H 15 O 22 V 10 ABC

B 2
3
B
C
9
10
I
J
16
17
P
Q
23
24
W
X
11 ABCG

4 D 11 K 18 R 25 Y
F151
5 E 12 L 19 S 26 Z ENUMERATION: RTD SELECTION
6 F 13 M 20 T
bitmask RTD# bitmask RTD# bitmask RTD#
0 NONE 17 RTD 17 33 RTD 33
F146
1 RTD 1 18 RTD 18 34 RTD 34
ENUMERATION: MISC. EVENT CAUSES
2 RTD 2 19 RTD 19 35 RTD 35
bitmask definition 3 RTD 3 20 RTD 20 36 RTD 36
0 EVENTS CLEARED 4 RTD 4 21 RTD 21 37 RTD 37
1 OSCILLOGRAPHY TRIGGERED 5 RTD 5 22 RTD 22 38 RTD 38
2 DATE/TIME CHANGED 6 RTD 6 23 RTD 23 39 RTD 39
3 DEF SETTINGS LOADED 7 RTD 7 24 RTD 24 40 RTD 40
4 TEST MODE ON 8 RTD 8 25 RTD 25 41 RTD 41
5 TEST MODE OFF 9 RTD 9 26 RTD 26 42 RTD 42
6 POWER ON 10 RTD 10 27 RTD 27 43 RTD 43
7 POWER OFF 11 RTD 11 28 RTD 28 44 RTD 44
8 RELAY IN SERVICE 12 RTD 12 29 RTD 29 45 RTD 45
9 RELAY OUT OF SERVICE 13 RTD 13 30 RTD 30 46 RTD 46
10 WATCHDOG RESET 14 RTD 14 31 RTD 31 47 RTD 47
11 OSCILLOGRAPHY CLEAR 15 RTD 15 32 RTD 32 48 RTD 48
12 REBOOT COMMAND 16 RTD 16

F147 F152
ENUMERATION: LINE LENGTH UNITS ENUMERATION: SETTING GROUP

0 = km, 1 = miles 0 = Active Group, 1 = Group 1, 2 = Group 2, 3 = Group 3

4 = Group 4, 5 = Group 5, 6 = Group 6, 7 = Group 7, 8 = Group 8

F148
ENUMERATION: FAULT TYPE F154
bitmask fault type ENUMERATION: DISTANCE DIRECTION

0 NA 0 = Forward, 1 = Reverse
1 AG
2 BG
F155
3 CG
ENUMERATION: REMOTE DEVICE STATE
4 AB
5 BC 0 = Offline, 1 = Online

B-50 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

F156 F167
ENUMERATION: REMOTE INPUT BIT PAIRS ENUMERATION: SIGNAL SOURCE

bitmask RTD# bitmask RTD# bitmask RTD# 0 = SRC 1, 1 = SRC 2, 2 = SRC 3, 3 = SRC 4,
0 NONE 22 DNA-22 44 UserSt-12 4 = SRC 5, 5 = SRC 6
1 DNA-1 23 DNA-23 45 UserSt-13
2
3
DNA-2
DNA-3
24
25
DNA-24
DNA-25
46
47
UserSt-14
UserSt-15
F168
ENUMERATION: INRUSH INHIBIT FUNCTION B
4 DNA-4 26 DNA-26 48 UserSt-16
0 = Disabled, 1 = 2nd
5 DNA-5 27 DNA-27 49 UserSt-17
6 DNA-6 28 DNA-28 50 UserSt-18
7 DNA-7 29 DNA-29 51 UserSt-19 F169
ENUMERATION: OVEREXCITATION INHIBIT FUNCTION
8 DNA-8 30 DNA-30 52 UserSt-20
9 DNA-9 31 DNA-31 53 UserSt-21 0 = Disabled, 1 = 5th
10 DNA-10 32 DNA-32 54 UserSt-22
11 DNA-11 33 UserSt-1 55 UserSt-23
F170
12 DNA-12 34 UserSt-2 56 UserSt-24 ENUMERATION: LOW/HIGH OFFSET & GAIN
13 DNA-13 35 UserSt-3 57 UserSt-25 TRANSDUCER I/O SELECTION
14 DNA-14 36 UserSt-4 58 UserSt-26
0 = LOW, 1 = HIGH
15 DNA-15 37 UserSt-5 59 UserSt-27
16 DNA-16 38 UserSt-6 60 UserSt-28
17 DNA-17 39 UserSt-7 61 UserSt-29 F171
ENUMERATION: TRANSDUCER CHANNEL INPUT TYPE
18 DNA-18 40 UserSt-8 62 UserSt-30
19 DNA-19 41 UserSt-9 63 UserSt-31 0 = dcmA IN, 1 = OHMS IN, 2 = RTD IN, 3 = dcmA OUT
20 DNA-20 42 UserSt-10 64 UserSt-32
21 DNA-21 43 UserSt-11
F172
ENUMERATION: SLOT LETTERS

F157 bitmask slot bitmask slot bitmask slot bitmask slot

ENUMERATION: BREAKER MODE
0 F 4 K 8 P 12 U
0 = 3-Pole, 1 = 1-Pole 1 G 5 L 9 R 13 V
2 H 6 M 10 S 14 W
3 J 7 N 11 T 15 X
F158
ENUMERATION: SCHEME CALIBRATION TEST

0 = Normal, 1 = Symmetry 1, 2 = Symmetry 2, 3 = Delay 1 F173

ENUMERATION: TRANSDUCER DCMA I/O RANGE
4 = Delay 2

bitmask dcmA I/O range

F159 0 0 to –1 mA
ENUMERATION: BREAKER AUX CONTACT KEYING 1 0 to 1 mA
2 –1 to 1 mA
0 = 52a, 1 = 52b, 2 = None
3 0 to 5 mA
4 0 to 10 mA
F166
5 0 to 20 mA
ENUMERATION: AUXILIARY VT CONNECTION TYPE
6 4 to 20 mA
0 = Vn, 1 = Vag, 2 = Vbg, 3 = Vcg, 4 = Vab, 5 = Vbc, 6 = Vca

F174
ENUMERATION: TRANSDUCER RTD INPUT TYPE

0 = 100 Ohm Platinum, 1 = 120 Ohm Nickel,

2 = 100 Ohm Nickel, 3 = 10 Ohm Copper

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-51

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

F175 F183
ENUMERATION: PHASE LETTERS ENUMERATION AC INPUT WAVEFORMS

0 = A, 1 = B, 2 = C bitmask definition
0 Off
F176 1 8 samples/cycle

B ENUMERATION: SYNCHROCHECK DEAD SOURCE SELECT 2

3
16 samples/cycle
32 samples/cycle
bitmask synchrocheck dead source 4 64 samples/cycle
0 None
1 LV1 and DV2
F185
2 DV1 and LV2 ENUMERATION PHASE A,B,C, GROUND SELECTOR
3 DV1 or DV2
4 DV1 Xor DV2 0 = A, 1 = B, 2 = C, 3 = G

5 DV1 and DV2

F186
ENUMERATION MEASUREMENT MODE
F177
ENUMERATION: COMMUNICATION PORT 0 = Phase to Ground, 1 = Phase to Phase

0 = NONE, 1 = COM1-RS485, 2 = COM2-RS485,

3 = FRONT PANEL-RS232, 4 = NETWORK F190
ENUMERATION Simulated Keypress

F178 bitmask keypress bitmask keypress

ENUMERATION: DATA LOGGER RATES
0 --- 13 Value Up
use between real
0 = 1 sec, 1 = 1 min, 2 = 5 min, 3 = 10 min, 4 = 15 min, keys 14 Value Down
5 = 20 min, 6 = 30 min, 7 = 60 min 15 Message Up
1 1 16 Message Down
F179 2 2 17 Message Left
ENUMERATION: NEGATIVE SEQUENCE DIR OC TYPE 3 3 18 Message Right
4 4 19 Menu
0 = Neg Sequence, 1 = Zero Sequence
5 5 20 Help
6 6 21 Escape
F180 7 7 22 Enter
ENUMERATION: PHASE/GROUND
8 8 23 Reset
0 = PHASE, 1 = GROUND 9 9 24 User 1
10 0 25 User 2
11 Decimal Pt 26 User 3
F181
ENUMERATION: ODD/EVEN/NONE 12 Plus/Minus

0 = ODD, 1 = EVEN, 2 = NONE

F192
ENUMERATION ETHERNET OPERATION MODE

0 = Half-Duplex, 1 = Full-Duplex

F194
ENUMERATION DNP SCALE

A bitmask of 0 = 0.01, 1 = 0.1, 2 = 1, 3 = 10, 4 = 100, 5 = 1000

B-52 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

bitmask Input Point Block

F195
35 Elements 241 to 256
ENUMERATION SINGLE POLE TRIP MODE
36 Elements 257 to 272
A bitmask of 0 = Disabled, 1 = 3 Pole Only, 2 = 3 Pole & 1 Pole 37 Elements 273 to 288
38 Elements 289 to 304
F196 39 Elements 305 to 320
ENUMERATION NEUTRAL DIR OC OPERATE CURRENT 40
41
Elements 321 to 336
Elements 337 to 352
B
0 = Calculated 3I0, 1 = Measured IG
42 Elements 353 to 368
43 Elements 369 to 384
F197 44 Elements 385 to 400
ENUMERATION DNP BINARY INPUT POINT BLOCK
45 Elements 401 to 406
bitmask Input Point Block 46 Elements 417 to 432
0 Not Used 47 Elements 433 to 448
1 Virtual Inputs 1 to 16 48 Elements 449 to 464
2 Virtual Inputs 17 to 32 49 Elements 465 to 480
3 Virtual Outputs 1 to 16 50 Elements 481 to 496
4 Virtual Outputs 17 to 32 51 Elements 497 to 512
5 Virtual Outputs 33 to 48 52 Elements 513 to 528
6 Virtual Outputs 49 to 64 53 Elements 529 to 544
7 Contact Inputs 1 to 16 54 Elements 545 to 560
8 Contact Inputs 17 to 32 55 LED States 1 to 16
9 Contact Inputs 33 to 48 56 LED States 17 to 32
10 Contact Inputs 49 to 64 57 Self Tests 1 to 16
11 Contact Inputs 65 to 80 58 Self Tests 17 to 32
12 Contact Inputs 81 to 96
13 Contact Outputs 1 to 16 F200
14 Contact Outputs 17 to 32 TEXT40 40 CHARACTER ASCII TEXT
15 Contact Outputs 33 to 48
20 registers, 16 Bits: 1st Char MSB, 2nd Char. LSB
16 Contact Outputs 49 to 64
17 Remote Inputs 1 to 16
18 Remote Inputs 17 to 32 F201
TEXT8 8 CHARACTER ASCII PASSCODE
19 Remote Devs 1 to 16
20 Elements 1 to 16 4 registers, 16 Bits: 1st Char MSB, 2nd Char. LSB
21 Elements 17 to 32
22 Elements 33 to 48
F202
23 Elements 49 to 64 TEXT20 20 CHARACTER ASCII TEXT
24 Elements 65 to 80
25 Elements 81 to 96 10 registers, 16 Bits: 1st Char MSB, 2nd Char. LSB

26 Elements 97 to 112
27 Elements 113 to 128 F203
28 Elements 129 to 144 TEXT16 16 CHARACTER ASCII TEXT
29 Elements 145 to 160
30 Elements 161 to 176 F204
31 Elements 177 to 192 TEXT80 80 CHARACTER ASCII TEXT
32 Elements 193 to 208
33 Elements 209 to 224 F205
34 Elements 225 to 240 TEXT12 12 CHARACTER ASCII TEXT

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-53

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

[50] ASSIGN VIRTUAL OUTPUT (1 - 64)

F206 [52] SELF-TEST ERROR (See F141 for range)
TEXT6 6 CHARACTER ASCII TEXT [56] ACTIVE SETTING GROUP (1-8)
[62] MISCELLANEOUS EVENTS (See F146 for range)
[64-127] ELEMENT STATES
F207 (Refer to Memory Map Element States Section)
TEXT4 4 CHARACTER ASCII TEXT

B F208
F400
UR_UINT16 CT/VT BANK SELECTION
TEXT2 2 CHARACTER ASCII TEXT
bitmask bank selection
0 Card 1 Contact 1 to 4
F222
1 Card 1 Contact 5 to 8
ENUMERATION TEST ENUMERATION
2 Card 2 Contact 1 to 4
0 = Test Enumeration 0, 1 = Test Enumeration 1 3 Card 2 Contact 5 to 8
4 Card 3 Contact 1 to 4
F230 5 Card 3 Contact 5 to 8
ENUMERATION DIRECTIONAL POLARIZING

0 = Voltage, 1 = Current, 2 = Dual F500

UR_UINT16 PACKED BITFIELD

F231 First register indicates I/O state with bits 0(MSB)-15(LSB) corre-
ENUMERATION POLARIZING VOLTAGE sponding to I/0 state 1-16. The second register indicates I/O state
with bits 0-15 corresponding to I/0 state 17-32 (if required) The
0 = Calculated V0, 1 = Measured VX third register indicates I/O state with bits 0-15 corresponding to I/0
state 33-48 (if required). The fourth register indicates I/O state with
bits 0-15 corresponding to I/0 state 49-64 (if required).
F300 The number of registers required is determined by the specific
UR_UINT16 FLEXLOGIC BASE TYPE (6 bit type) data item. A bit value of 0 = Off, 1 = On

The FlexLogic™ BASE type is 6 bits and is combined with a 9 bit

descriptor and 1 bit for protection element to form a 16 bit value. F501
The combined bits are of the form: PTTTTTTDDDDDDDDD, UR_UINT16 LED STATUS
where P bit if set, indicates that the FlexLogic™ type is associated
with a protection element state and T represents bits for the BASE Low byte of register indicates LED status with bit 0 representing
type, and D represents bits for the descriptor. the top LED and bit 7 the bottom LED. A bit value of 1 indicates
The values in square brackets indicate the base type with P prefix the LED is on, 0 indicates the LED is off.
[PTTTTTT] and the values in round brackets indicate the descrip-
tor range.
F502
[0] Off(0) this is boolean FALSE value
BITFIELD ELEMENT OPERATE STATES
[0] On (1)This is boolean TRUE value
[2] CONTACT INPUTS (1 - 96)
Each bit contains the operate state for an element. See the F124
[3] CONTACT INPUTS OFF (1-96)
format code for a list of element IDs. The operate bit for element ID
[4] VIRTUAL INPUTS (1-64)
X is bit [X mod 16] in register [X/16].
[6] VIRTUAL OUTPUTS (1-64)
[10] CONTACT OUTPUTS VOLTAGE DETECTED (1-64)
[11] CONTACT OUTPUTS VOLTAGE OFF DETECTED (1-64)
F504
[12] CONTACT OUTPUTS CURRENT DETECTED (1-64)
BITFIELD 3 PHASE ELEMENT STATE
[13] CONTACT OUTPUTS CURRENT OFF DETECTED (1-64)
[14] REMOTE INPUTS (1-32)
bitmask element state
[28] INSERT (Via Keypad only)
[32] END 0 Pickup
[34] NOT (1 INPUT) 1 Operate
[36] 2 INPUT XOR (0)
2 Pickup Phase A
[38] LATCH SET/RESET (2 INPUTS)
[40] OR (2-16 INPUTS) 3 Pickup Phase B
[42] AND (2-16 INPUTS) 4 Pickup Phase C
[44] NOR (2-16 INPUTS) 5 Operate Phase A
[46] NAND (2-16 INPUTS)
[48] TIMER (1-32) 6 Operate Phase B

B-54 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX B B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

bitmask element state

F514
7 Operate Phase C
ENUMERATION POWER SWING TRIP MODE

0 = Delayed, 1 = Early
F505
BITFIELD CONTACT OUTPUT STATE
F515
0 = Contact State, 1 = Voltage Detected, 2 = Current Detected
ENUMERATION ELEMENT INPUT MODE
B
0 = SIGNED, 1 = ABSOLUTE
F506|
BITFIELD 1 PHASE ELEMENT STATE
F516
0 = Pickup, 1 = Operate
ENUMERATION ELEMENT COMPARE MODE

0 = LEVEL, 1 = DELTA
F507
BITFIELD COUNTER ELEMENT STATE
F517
0 = Count Greater Than, 1 = Count Equal To, 2 = Count Less Than
ENUMERATION ELEMENT DIRECTION OPERATION

0 = OVER, 1 = UNDER
F508
BITFIELD DISTANCE ELEMENT STATE
F518
bitmask distance element state ENUMERATION FlexElement Units
0 Pickup
1 Operate 0 = Milliseconds, 1 = Seconds, 2 = Minutes
2 Pickup AB
3 Pickup BC F600
4 Pickup CA UR_UINT16 FlexAnalog Parameter
5 Operate AB
The 16-bit value corresponds to the modbus address of the value
6 Operate BC to be used when this parameter is selected. Only certain values
7 Operate CA may be used as FlexAnalogs (basically all the metering quantities
8 Timed used in protection)

9 Operate IAB
10 Operate IBC MMI_FLASH ENUMERATION
11 Operate ICA Flash message definitions for Front-panel MMI

bitmask Flash Message

F509 1 ADJUSTED VALUE HAS BEEN STORED
BITFIELD SIMPLE ELEMENT STATE 2 ENTERED PASSCODE IS INVALID

0 = Operate 3 COMMAND EXECUTED

4 DEFAULT MESSAGE HAS BEEN ADDED
5 DEFAULT MESSAGE HAS BEEN REMOVED
F511
6 INPUT FUNCTION IS ALREADY ASSIGNED
BITFIELD 3 PHASE SIMPLE ELEMENT STATE
7 PRESS [ENTER] TO ADD AS DEFAULT
0 = Operate, 1 = Operate A, 2 = Operate B, 3 = Operate C 8 PRESS [ENTER] TO REMOVE MESSAGE
9 PRESS [ENTER] TO BEGIN TEXT EDIT
F513 10 ENTRY MISMATCH - CODE NOT STORED
ENUMERATION POWER SWING MODE 11 PRESSED KEY IS INVALID HERE
12 INVALID KEY: MUST BE IN LOCAL MODE
0 = Two Step, 1 = Three Step
13 NEW PASSWORD HAS BEEN STORED
14 PLEASE ENTER A NON-ZERO PASSCODE
15 NO ACTIVE TARGETS (TESTING LEDS)
16 OUT OF RANGE - VALUE NOT STORED

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay B-55

 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B

bitmask Flash Message

MMI_PASSWORD_TYPE ENUMERATION
17 RESETTING LATCHED CONDITIONS
Password types for display in password prompts
18 SETPOINT ACCESS IS NOW ALLOWED
19 SETPOINT ACCESS DENIED (PASSCODE) bitmask password type
20 SETPOINT ACCESS IS NOW RESTRICTED 0 No
21 NEW SETTING HAS BEEN STORED 1 MASTER

B 22
23
SETPOINT ACCESS DENIED (SWITCH)
DATA NOT ACCEPTED
2
3
SETTING
COMMAND
24 NOT ALL CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN RESET 4 FACTORY
25 DATE NOT ACCEPTED IRIGB IS ENABLED
26 NOT EXECUTED MMI_SETTING_TYPE ENUMERATION
27 DISPLAY ADDED TO USER DISPLAY LIST Setting types for display in web pages
28 DISPLAY NOT ADDED TO USER DISPLAY LIST
bitmask Setting Type
29 DISPLAY REMOVED FROM USER DISPLAY LIST
0 Unrestricted Setting
1 Master-accessed Setting
2 Setting
3 Command
4 Factory Setting

B-56 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX C C.1 UCA/MMS OVERVIEW

APPENDIX C UCA/MMSC.1UCA/MMS OVERVIEW C.1.1 UCA

The Utility Communications Architecture (UCA) version 2 represents an attempt by utilities and vendors of electronic
equipment to produce standardized communications systems. There is a set of reference documents available from the
Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and vendors of UCA/MMS software libraries that describe the complete capabili-
ties of the UCA. Following, is a description of the subset of UCA/MMS features that are supported by the UR relay. The ref-
erence document set includes:
• Introduction to UCA version 2
• Generic Object Models for Substation and Feeder Equipment (GOMSFE)
• Common Application Service Models (CASM) and Mapping to MMS
• UCA Version 2 Profiles
These documents can be obtained from http://www.ucausersgroup.org or ftp://www.sisconet.com/epri/subdemo/uca2.0. It
is strongly recommended that all those involved with any UCA implementation obtain this document set.
C
COMMUNICATION PROFILES:
The UCA specifies a number of possibilities for communicating with electronic devices based on the OSI Reference Model.
The UR relay uses the seven layer OSI stack (TP4/CLNP and TCP/IP profiles). Refer to the "UCA Version 2 Profiles" refer-
ence document for details.
The TP4/CLNP profile requires the UR relay to have a network address or Network Service Access Point (NSAP) in order
to establish a communication link. The TCP/IP profile requires the UR relay to have an IP address in order to establish a
communication link. These addresses are set in the SETTINGS ! PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICATIONS !" NETWORK
menu. Note that the UR relay supports UCA operation over the TP4/CLNP or the TCP/IP stacks and also supports opera-
tion over both stacks simultaneously. It is possible to have up to two simultaneous connections. This is in addition to DNP
and Modbus/TCP (non-UCA) connections.

C.1.2 MMS

The UCA specifies the use of the Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) at the upper (Application) layer for trans-
fer of real-time data. This protocol has been in existence for a number of years and provides a set of services suitable for
the transfer of data within a substation LAN environment. Data can be grouped to form objects and be mapped to MMS ser-
vices. Refer to the “GOMSFE” and “CASM” reference documents for details.
SUPPORTED OBJECTS:
The "GOMSFE" document describes a number of communication objects. Within these objects are items, some of which
are mandatory and some of which are optional, depending on the implementation. The UR relay supports the following
GOMSFE objects:
• DI (device identity) • PHIZ (high impedance ground detector)
• GCTL (generic control) • PIOC (instantaneous overcurrent relay)
• GIND (generic indicator) • POVR (overvoltage relay)
• GLOBE (global data) • PTOC (time overcurrent relay)
• MMXU (polyphase measurement unit) • PUVR (under voltage relay)
• PBRL (phase balance current relay) • PVPH (volts per hertz relay)
• PBRO (basic relay object) • ctRATO (CT ratio information)
• PDIF (differential relay) • vtRATO (VT ratio information)
• PDIS (distance) • RREC (reclosing relay)
• PDOC (directional overcurrent) • RSYN (synchronizing or synchronism-check relay)
• PDPR (directional power relay) • XCBR (circuit breaker)
• PFRQ (frequency relay)

UCA data can be accessed through the "UCADevice" MMS domain.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay C-1

 C.1 UCA/MMS OVERVIEW APPENDIX C

PEER-TO-PEER COMMUNICATION:
Peer-to-peer communication of digital state information, using the UCA GOOSE data object, is supported via the use of the
UR Remote Inputs/Outputs feature. This feature allows digital points to be transferred between any UCA conforming
devices.
FILE SERVICES:
MMS file services are supported to allow transfer of Oscillography, Event Record, or other files from a UR relay.
COMMUNICATION SOFTWARE UTILITIES:
The exact structure and values of the implemented objects can be seen by connecting to a UR relay with an MMS browser,
such as the “MMS Object Explorer and AXS4-MMS DDE/OPC” server from Sisco Inc.
NON-UCA DATA:

C The UR relay makes available a number of non-UCA data items. These data items can be accessed through the "UR" MMS
domain. UCA data can be accessed through the "UCADevice" MMS domain.

a) PROTOCOL IMPLEMENTATION AND CONFORMANCE STATEMENT (PICS)

The UR relay functions as a server only; a UR relay cannot be configured as a client. Thus, the following list of sup-
ported services is for server operation only:
NOTE

The MMS supported services are as follows:

CONNECTION MANAGEMENT SERVICES:
• Initiate
• Conclude
• Cancel
• Abort
• Reject
VMD SUPPORT SERVICES:
• Status
• GetNameList
• Identify
VARIABLE ACCESS SERVICES:
• Read
• Write
• InformationReport
• GetVariableAccessAttributes
• GetNamedVariableListAttributes
OPERATOR COMMUNICATION SERVICES:
(none)
SEMAPHORE MANAGEMENT SERVICES:
(none)
DOMAIN MANAGEMENT SERVICES:
• GetDomainAttributes
PROGRAM INVOCATION MANAGEMENT SERVICES:
(none)
EVENT MANAGEMENT SERVICES:
(none)

C-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX C C.1 UCA/MMS OVERVIEW

JOURNAL MANAGEMENT SERVICES:

(none)
FILE MANAGEMENT SERVICES:
• ObtainFile
• FileOpen
• FileRead
• FileClose
• FileDirectory
The following MMS parameters are supported:
• STR1 (Arrays)
• STR2 (Structures) C
• NEST (Nesting Levels of STR1 and STR2) - 1
• VNAM (Named Variables)
• VADR (Unnamed Variables)
• VALT (Alternate Access Variables)
• VLIS (Named Variable Lists)
• REAL (ASN.1 REAL Type)

b) MODEL IMPLEMENTATION CONFORMANCE (MIC)

This section provides details of the UCA object models supported by the UR relay. Note that not all of the protective device
functions are applicable to all UR relays.
TABLE C–1: DEVICE IDENTITY – DI
NAME M/O RWEC
Name m rw
Class o rw
d o rw
Own o rw
Loc o rw
VndID m r

TABLE C–2: GENERIC CONTROL – GCTL

FC NAME CLASS RWECS DESCRIPTION
ST BO<n> SI rw Generic Single Point Indication
CO BO<n> SI rw Generic Binary Output
CF BO<n> SBOCF rw SBO Configuration
DC LN d rw Description for brick
BO<n> d rw Description for each point

Actual instantiation of GCTL objects is as follows:

NOTE GCTL1 = Virtual Inputs (32 total points – SI1 to SI32); includes SBO functionality.

TABLE C–3: GENERIC INDICATOR – GIND 1 TO 6

FC NAME CLASS RWECS DESCRIPTION
ST SIG<n> SIG r Generic Indication (block of 16)
DC LN d rw Description for brick
RP BrcbST BasRCB rw Controls reporting of STATUS

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay C-3

 C.1 UCA/MMS OVERVIEW APPENDIX C

TABLE C–4: GENERIC INDICATOR – GIND7

FC OBJECT CLASS RWECS DESCRIPTION
NAME
ST SI<n> SI r Generic single point indication
DC LN d rw Description for brick
SI<n> d rw Description for all included SI
RP BrcbST BasRCB rw Controls reporting of STATUS

Actual instantiation of GIND objects is as follows:

NOTE GIND1 = Contact Inputs (96 total points – SIG1 to SIG6)

GIND2 = Contact Outputs (64 total points – SIG1 to SIG4)

C GIND3 = Virtual Inputs (32 total points – SIG1 to SIG2)

GIND4 = Virtual Outputs (64 total points – SIG1 to SIG4)
GIND5 = Remote Inputs (32 total points – SIG1 to SIG2)
GIND6 = Flexstates (16 total points – SIG1 representing Flexstates 1 to 16)
GIND7 = Flexstates (16 total points – SI1 to SI16 representing Flexstates 1 to 16)

TABLE C–5: GLOBAL DATA – GLOBE

FC OBJECT NAME CLASS RWECS DESCRIPTION
ST ModeDS SIT r Device is: in test, off-line, available, or unhealthy
LocRemDS SIT r The mode of control, local or remote (DevST)
ActSG INT8U r Active Settings Group
EditSG INT8u r Settings Group selected for read/write operation
CO CopySG INT8U w Selects Settings Group for read/write operation
IndRs BOOL w Resets ALL targets
CF ClockTOD BTIME rw Date and time
RP GOOSE PACT rw Reports IED Inputs and Ouputs

TABLE C–6: MEASUREMENT UNIT (POLYPHASE) – MMXU

FC OBJECT NAME CLASS RWECS DESCRIPTION
MX V WYE rw Voltage on phase A, B, C to G
PPV DELTA rw Voltage on AB, BC, CA
A WYE rw Current in phase A, B, C, and N
W WYE rw Watts in phase A, B, C
TotW AI rw Total watts in all three phases
Var WYE rw Vars in phase A, B, C
TotVar AI rw Total vars in all three phases
VA WYE rw VA in phase A, B, C
TotVA AI rw Total VA in all 3 phases
PF WYE rw Power Factor for phase A, B, C
AvgPF AI rw Average Power Factor for all three phases
Hz AI rw Power system frequency
CF All MMXU.MX ACF rw Configuration of ALL included MMXU.MX
DC LN d rw Description for brick
All MMXU.MX d rw Description of ALL included MMXU.MX
RP BrcbMX BasRCB rw Controls reporting of measurements

Actual instantiation of MMXU objects is as follows:

NOTE 1 MMXU per Source (as determined from the ‘product order code’)

C-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX C C.1 UCA/MMS OVERVIEW

TABLE C–7: PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS

FC OBJECT NAME CLASS RWECS DESCRIPTION
ST Out BOOL r 1 = Element operated, 0 = Element not operated
Tar PhsTar r Targets since last reset
FctDS SIT r Function is enabled/disabled
PuGrp INT8U r Settings group selected for use
CO EnaDisFct DCO w 1 = Element function enabled, 0 = disabled
RsTar BO w Reset ALL Elements/Targets
RsLat BO w Reset ALL Elements/Targets
DC LN d rw Description for brick
ElementSt d r Element state string

The following GOMSFE objects are defined by the object model described via the above table:
C
• PBRO (basic relay object)
• PDIF (differential relay)
• PDIS (distance)
• PDOC (directional overcurrent)
• PDPR (directional power relay)
• PFRQ (frequency relay)
• PHIZ (high impedance ground detector)
• PIOC (instantaneous overcurrent relay)
• POVR (over voltage relay)
• PTOC (time overcurrent relay)
• PUVR (under voltage relay)
• RSYN (synchronizing or synchronism-check relay)
• POVR (overvoltage)
• PVPH (volts per hertz relay)
• PBRL (phase balance current relay)
Actual instantiation of these objects is determined by the number of the corresponding elements present in the UR
as per the ‘product order code’.
NOTE

TABLE C–8: CT RATIO INFORMATION – CTRATO

OBJECT NAME CLASS RWECS DESCRIPTION
PhsARat RATIO rw Primary/secondary winding ratio
NeutARat RATIO rw Primary/secondary winding ratio
LN d rw Description for brick (current bank ID)

TABLE C–9: VT RATIO INFORMATION – VTRATO

OBJECT NAME CLASS RWECS DESCRIPTION
PhsVRat RATIO rw Primary/secondary winding ratio
LN d rw Description for brick (current bank ID)

Actual instantiation of ctRATO and vtRATO objects is as follows:

NOTE 1 ctRATO per Source (as determined from the ‘product order code’).
1 vtRATO per Source (as determined from the ‘product order code’).

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay C-5

 C.1 UCA/MMS OVERVIEW APPENDIX C

TABLE C–10: RECLOSING RELAY – RREC

FC OBJECT NAME CLASS RWECS DESCRIPTION
ST Out BOOL r 1 = Element operated, 0 = Element not operated
FctDS SIT r Function is enabled/disabled
PuGrp INT8U r Settings group selected for use
SG ReclSeq SHOTS rw Reclosing Sequence
CO EnaDisFct DCO w 1 = Element function enabled, 0 = disabled
RsTar BO w Reset ALL Elements/Targets
RsLat BO w Reset ALL Elements/Targets
CF ReclSeq ACF rw Configuration for RREC.SG
DC LN d rw Description for brick
C ElementSt d r Element state string

Actual instantiation of RREC objects is determined by the number of autoreclose elements present in the UR as per
the ‘product order code’.
NOTE
Also note that the SHOTS class data (i.e. Tmr1, Tmr2, Tmr3, Tmr4, RsTmr) is specified to be of type INT16S (16 bit
signed integer); this data type is not large enough to properly display the full range of these settings from the UR.
Numbers larger than 32768 will be displayed incorrectly.

TABLE C–11: CIRCUIT BREAKER – XCBR

FC OBJECT NAME CLASS RWECS DESCRIPTION
ST SwDS SIT rw Switch Device Status
SwPoleDS BSTR8 rw Switch Pole Device Status
PwrSupSt SIG rw Health of the power supply
PresSt SIT rw The condition of the insulating medium pressure
PoleDiscSt SI rw All CB poles did not operate within time interval
TrpCoil SI rw Trip coil supervision
CO ODSw DCO rw The command to open/close the switch
CF ODSwSBO SBOCF rw Configuration for all included XCBR.CO
DC LN d rw Description for brick
RP brcbST BasRCB rw Controls reporting of Status Points

Actual instantiation of XCBR objects is determined by the number of breaker control elements present in the UR as
per the ‘product order code’.
NOTE

C.1.3 UCA REPORTING

A built-in TCP/IP connection timeout of two minutes is employed by the UR to detect "dead" connections. If there is no data
traffic on a TCP connection for greater than two minutes, the connection will be aborted by the UR. This frees up the con-
nection to be used by other clients. Therefore, when using UCA reporting, clients should configure BasRCB objects such
that an integrity report will be issued at least every 2 minutes (120000 ms). This ensures that the UR will not abort the con-
nection. If other MMS data is being polled on the same connection at least once every 2 minutes, this timeout will not apply.

C-6 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX D D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL

APPENDIX D IEC 60870-5-104D.1IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL D.1.1 INTEROPERABILITY DOCUMENT

This document is adapted from the IEC 60870-5-104 standard. For ths section the boxes indicate the following: Ë
 – used
in standard direction; Ë – not used; – cannot be selected in IEC 60870-5-104 standard.
1. SYSTEM OR DEVICE:
Ë System Definition
Ë Controlling Station Definition (Master)
 Controlled Station Definition (Slave)
Ë
2. NETWORK CONFIGURATION:
Point-to-Point Multipoint
Multiple Point-to-Point Multipoint Star
3. PHYSICAL LAYER
Transmission Speed (control direction):
Unbalanced Interchange Unbalanced Interchange Balanced Interchange Circuit
Circuit V.24/V.28 Standard: Circuit V.24/V.28 Recommended X.24/X.27:
if >1200 bits/s: D
100 bits/sec. 2400 bits/sec. 2400 bits/sec.
200 bits/sec. 4800 bits/sec. 4800 bits/sec.
300 bits/sec. 9600 bits/sec. 9600 bits/sec.
600 bits/sec. 19200 bits/sec.
1200 bits/sec. 38400 bits/sec.
56000 bits/sec.
64000 bits/sec.

Transmission Speed (monitor direction):

Unbalanced Interchange Unbalanced Interchange Balanced Interchange Circuit
Circuit V.24/V.28 Standard: Circuit V.24/V.28 Recommended X.24/X.27:
if >1200 bits/s:
100 bits/sec. 2400 bits/sec. 2400 bits/sec.
200 bits/sec. 4800 bits/sec. 4800 bits/sec.
300 bits/sec. 9600 bits/sec. 9600 bits/sec.
600 bits/sec. 19200 bits/sec.
1200 bits/sec. 38400 bits/sec.
56000 bits/sec.
64000 bits/sec.

4. LINK LAYER
Link Transmission Procedure: Address Field of the Link:
Balanced Transmision Not Present (Balanced Transmission Only)
Unbalanced Transmission One Octet
Two Octets
Structured
Unstructured
Frame Length (maximum length, number of octets): Not selectable in companion IEC 60870-5-104 standard

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay D-1

 D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL APPENDIX D

When using an unbalanced link layer, the following ADSU types are returned in class 2 messages (low priority) with the
indicated causes of transmission:
The standard assignment of ADSUs to class 2 messages is used as follows:

A special assignment of ADSUs to class 2 messages is used as follows:

5. APPLICATION LAYER
Transmission Mode for Application Data:
Mode 1 (least significant octet first), as defined in Clause 4.10 of IEC 60870-5-4, is used exclusively in this companion
stanadard.
Common Address of ADSU:
One Octet
 Two Octets
Ë
Information Object Address:
One Octet  Structured
Ë
D Two Octets  Unstructured
Ë
 Three Octets
Ë
Cause of Transmission:
One Octet
 Two Octets (with originator address). Originator address is set to zero if not used.
Ë
Maximum Length of APDU: 253 (the maximum length may be reduced by the system.
Selection of standard ASDUs:
For the following lists, the boxes indicate the following: Ë
 – used in standard direction; Ë – not used; – cannot be
selected in IEC 60870-5-104 standard.
Process information in monitor direction
Ë
 <1> := Single-point information M_SP_NA_1
<2> := Single-point information with time tag M_SP_TA_1
Ë <3> := Double-point information M_DP_NA_1
<4> := Double-point information with time tag M_DP_TA_1
Ë <5> := Step position information M_ST_NA_1
<6> := Step position information with time tag M_ST_TA_1
Ë <7> := Bitstring of 32 bits M_BO_NA_1
<8> := Bitstring of 32 bits with time tag M_BO_TA_1
Ë <9> := Measured value, normalized value M_ME_NA_1
<10> := Measured value, normalized value with time tag M_NE_TA_1
Ë <11> := Measured value, scaled value M_ME_NB_1
<12> := Measured value, scaled value with time tag M_NE_TB_1
Ë
 <13> := Measured value, short floating point value M_ME_NC_1
<14> := Measured value, short floating point value with time tag M_NE_TC_1
Ë
 <15> := Integrated totals M_IT_NA_1
<16> := Integrated totals with time tag M_IT_TA_1
<17> := Event of protection equipment with time tag M_EP_TA_1
<18> := Packed start events of protection equipment with time tag M_EP_TB_1
<19> := Packed output circuit information of protection equipment with time tag M_EP_TC_1
Ë <20> := Packed single-point information with status change detection M_SP_NA_1

D-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX D D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL

Ë <21> := Measured value, normalized value without quantity descriptor M_ME_ND_1

Ë
 <30> := Single-point information with time tag CP56Time2a M_SP_TB_1
Ë <31> := Double-point information wiht time tag CP56Time2a M_DP_TB_1
Ë <32> := Step position information with time tag CP56Time2a M_ST_TB_1
Ë <33> := Bitstring of 32 bits with time tag CP56Time2a M_BO_TB_1
Ë <34> := Measured value, normalized value with time tag CP56Time2a M_ME_TD_1
Ë <35> := Measured value, scaled value with time tag CP56Time2a M_ME_TE_1
Ë <36> := Measured value, short floating point value with time tag CP56Time2a M_ME_TF_1
Ë
 <37> := Integrated totals with time tag CP56Time2a M_IT_TB_1
Ë <38> := Event of protection equipment with time tag CP56Time2a M_EP_TD_1
Ë <39> := Packed start events of protection equipment with time tag CP56Time2a M_EP_TE_1
Ë <40> := Packed output circuit information of protection equipment with time tag CP56Time2a M_EP_TF_1

Either the ASDUs of the set <2>, <4>, <6>, <8>, <10>, <12>, <14>, <16>, <17>, <18>, and <19> or of the set
<30> to <40> are used.
Process information in control direction
Ë
 <45> := Single command C_SC_NA_1
D
Ë <46> := Double command C_DC_NA_1
Ë <47> := Regulating step command C_RC_NA_1
Ë <48> := Set point command, normalized value C_SE_NA_1
Ë <49> := Set point command, scaled value C_SE_NB_1
Ë <50> := Set point command, short floating point value C_SE_NC_1
Ë <51> := Bitstring of 32 bits C_BO_NA_1

Ë
 <58> := Single command with time tag CP56Time2a C_SC_TA_1
Ë <59> := Double command with time tag CP56Time2a C_DC_TA_1
Ë <60> := Regulating step command with time tag CP56Time2a C_RC_TA_1
Ë <61> := Set point command, normalized value with time tag CP56Time2a C_SE_TA_1
Ë <62> := Set point command, scaled value with time tag CP56Time2a C_SE_TB_1
Ë <63> := Set point command, short floating point value with time tag CP56Time2a C_SE_TC_1
Ë <64> := Bitstring of 32 bits with time tag CP56Time2a C_BO_TA_1

Either the ASDUs of the set <45> to <51> or of the set <58> to <64> are used.
System information in monitor direction
Ë
 <70> := End of initialization M_EI_NA_1

System information in control direction

Ë
 <100> := Interrogation command C_IC_NA_1
Ë
 <101> := Counter interrogation command C_CI_NA_1
Ë
 <102> := Read command C_RD_NA_1
Ë
 <103> := Clock synchronization command (see Clause 7.6 in standard) C_CS_NA_1
<104> := Test command C_TS_NA_1
Ë
 <105> := Reset process command C_RP_NA_1
<106> := Delay acquisition command C_CD_NA_1
Ë
 <107> := Test command with time tag CP56Time2a C_TS_TA_1

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay D-3

 D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL APPENDIX D

Parameter in control direction

Ë <110> := Parameter of measured value, normalized value PE_ME_NA_1
Ë <111> := Parameter of measured value, scaled value PE_ME_NB_1
Ë
 <112> := Parameter of measured value, short floating point value PE_ME_NC_1
Ë <113> := Parameter activation PE_AC_NA_1

File transfer
Ë <120> := File Ready F_FR_NA_1
Ë <121> := Section Ready F_SR_NA_1
Ë <122> := Call directory, select file, call file, call section F_SC_NA_1
Ë <123> := Last section, last segment F_LS_NA_1
Ë <124> := Ack file, ack section F_AF_NA_1
Ë <125> := Segment F_SG_NA_1
Ë <126> := Directory (blank or X, available only in monitor [standard] direction) C_CD_NA_1

Type identifier and cause of transmission assignments

D (station-specific parameters)
In the following table:
• Shaded boxes are not required.
• Black boxes are not permitted in this companion standard.
• Blank boxes indicate functions or ASDU not used.
• ‘X’ if only used in the standard direction
TYPE IDENTIFICATION CAUSE OF TRANSMISSION

REQUEST BY GROUP <N> COUNTER REQ

UNKNOWN INFORMATION OBJECT ADDR

UNKNOWN INFORMATION OBJECT ADDR

UNKNOWN COMMON ADDRESS OF ADSU
INTERROGATED BY GROUP <NUMBER>
RETURN INFO CAUSED BY LOCAL CMD

UNKNOWN CAUSE OF TRANSMISSION

UNKNOWN TYPE IDENTIFICATION
DEACTIVATION CONFIRMATION
ACTIVATION CONFIRMATION

ACTIVATION TERMINATION
REQUEST OR REQUESTED
BACKGROUND SCAN
PERIODIC, CYCLIC

FILE TRANSFER
SPONTANEOUS

DEACTIVATION
ACTIVATION
INITIALIZED

20 37
NO. MNEMONIC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 to to 44 45 46 47
36 41
<1> M_SP_NA_1 X X X X X
<2> M_SP_TA_1
<3> M_DP_NA_1
<4> M_DP_TA_1
<5> M_ST_NA_1
<6> M_ST_TA_1
<7> M_BO_NA_1
<8> M_BO_TA_1

D-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX D D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL

TYPE IDENTIFICATION CAUSE OF TRANSMISSION

UNKNOWN COMMON ADDRESS OF ADSU

UNKNOWN INFORMATION OBJECT ADDR

UNKNOWN INFORMATION OBJECT ADDR

REQUEST BY GROUP <N> COUNTER REQ
INTERROGATED BY GROUP <NUMBER>
RETURN INFO CAUSED BY LOCAL CMD

UNKNOWN CAUSE OF TRANSMISSION

UNKNOWN TYPE IDENTIFICATION
DEACTIVATION CONFIRMATION
ACTIVATION CONFIRMATION

ACTIVATION TERMINATION
REQUEST OR REQUESTED
BACKGROUND SCAN
PERIODIC, CYCLIC

FILE TRANSFER
SPONTANEOUS

DEACTIVATION
ACTIVATION
INITIALIZED
20 37
NO. MNEMONIC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 to to 44 45 46 47
36 41
<9> M_ME_NA_1 D
<10> M_ME_TA_1
<11> M_ME_NB_1
<12> M_ME_TB_1
<13> M_ME_NC_1 X X X X
<14> M_ME_TC_1
<15> M_IT_NA_1 X X
<16> M_IT_TA_1
<17> M_EP_TA_1
<18> M_EP_TB_1
<19> M_EP_TC_1
<20> M_PS_NA_1
<21> M_ME_ND_1
<30> M_SP_TB_1 X X X
<31> M_DP_TB_1
<32> M_ST_TB_1
<33> M_BO_TB_1
<34> M_ME_TD_1
<35> M_ME_TE_1
<36> M_ME_TF_1
<37> M_IT_TB_1 X X
<38> M_EP_TD_1
<39> M_EP_TE_1
<40> M_EP_TF_1
<45> C_SC_NA_1 X X X X X
<46> C_DC_NA_1
<47> C_RC_NA_1
<48> C_SE_NA_1
<49> C_SE_NB_1

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay D-5

 D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL APPENDIX D

TYPE IDENTIFICATION CAUSE OF TRANSMISSION

UNKNOWN COMMON ADDRESS OF ADSU

UNKNOWN INFORMATION OBJECT ADDR

UNKNOWN INFORMATION OBJECT ADDR

REQUEST BY GROUP <N> COUNTER REQ
INTERROGATED BY GROUP <NUMBER>
RETURN INFO CAUSED BY LOCAL CMD

UNKNOWN CAUSE OF TRANSMISSION

UNKNOWN TYPE IDENTIFICATION
DEACTIVATION CONFIRMATION
ACTIVATION CONFIRMATION

ACTIVATION TERMINATION
REQUEST OR REQUESTED
BACKGROUND SCAN
PERIODIC, CYCLIC

FILE TRANSFER
SPONTANEOUS

DEACTIVATION
ACTIVATION
INITIALIZED
20 37
NO. MNEMONIC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 to to 44 45 46 47
36 41
D <50> C_SE_NC_1
<51> C_BO_NA_1
<58> C_SC_TA_1 X X X X X
<59> C_DC_TA_1
<60> C_RC_TA_1
<61> C_SE_TA_1
<62> C_SE_TB_1
<63> C_SE_TC_1
<64> C_BO_TA_1
<70> M_EI_NA_1*) X
<100> C_IC_NA_1 X X X X X
<101> C_CI_NA_1 X X X
<102> C_RD_NA_1 X
<103> C_CS_NA_1 X X X
<104> C_TS_NA_1
<105> C_RP_NA_1 X X
<106> C_CD_NA_1
<107> C_TS_TA_1
<110> P_ME_NA_1
<111> P_ME_NB_1
<112> P_ME_NC_1 X X X
<113> P_AC_NA_1
<120> F_FR_NA_1
<121> F_SR_NA_1
<122> F_SC_NA_1
<123> F_LS_NA_1
<124> F_AF_NA_1
<125> F_SG_NA_1
<126> F_DR_TA_1*)

D-6 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX D D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL

6. BASIC APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

Station Initialization:
 Remote initialization
Ë
Cyclic Data Transmission:
 Cyclic data transmission
Ë
Read Procedure:
 Read procedure
Ë
Spontaneous Transmission:
 Spontaneous transmission
Ë
Double transmission of information objects with cause of transmission spontaneous:
The following type identifications may be transmitted in succession caused by a single status change of an information
object. The particular information object addresses for which double transmission is enabled are defined in a project-
specific list.
Ë Single point information: M_SP_NA_1, M_SP_TA_1, M_SP_TB_1, and M_PS_NA_1
Ë Double point information: M_DP_NA_1, M_DP_TA_1, and M_DP_TB_1 D
Ë Step position information: M_ST_NA_1, M_ST_TA_1, and M_ST_TB_1
Ë Bitstring of 32 bits: M_BO_NA_1, M_BO_TA_1, and M_BO_TB_1 (if defined for a specific project)
Ë Measured value, normalized value: M_ME_NA_1, M_ME_TA_1, M_ME_ND_1, and M_ME_TD_1
Ë Measured value, scaled value: M_ME_NB_1, M_ME_TB_1, and M_ME_TE_1
Ë Measured value, short floating point number: M_ME_NC_1, M_ME_TC_1, and M_ME_TF_1
Station interrogation:

 Global
Ë
 Group 1
Ë  Group 5
Ë  Group 9
Ë  Group 13
Ë
 Group 2
Ë  Group 6
Ë  Group 10
Ë  Group 14
Ë
 Group 3
Ë  Group 7
Ë  Group 11
Ë  Group 15
Ë
 Group 4
Ë  Group 8
Ë  Group 12
Ë  Group 16
Ë

Clock synchronization:
 Clock synchronization (optional, see Clause 7.6)
Ë
Command transmission:
 Direct command transmission
Ë
Ë Direct setpoint command transmission
 Select and execute command
Ë
Ë Select and execute setpoint command
 C_SE ACTTERM used
Ë
 No additional definition
Ë
 Short pulse duration (duration determined by a system parameter in the outstation)
Ë
 Long pulse duration (duration determined by a system parameter in the outstation)
Ë
 Persistent output
Ë

 Supervision of maximum delay in command direction of commands and setpoint commands

Ë
Maximum allowable delay of commands and setpoint commands: 10 s

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay D-7

 D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL APPENDIX D

Transmission of integrated totals:

 Mode A: Local freeze with spontaneous transmission
Ë
 Mode B: Local freeze with counter interrogation
Ë
 Mode C: Freeze and transmit by counter-interrogation commands
Ë
 Mode D: Freeze by counter-interrogation command, frozen values reported simultaneously
Ë

 Counter read
Ë
 Counter freeze without reset
Ë
 Counter freeze with reset
Ë
 Counter reset
Ë

 General request counter

Ë
 Request counter group 1
Ë
 Request counter group 2
Ë

D  Request counter group 3

Ë
 Request counter group 4
Ë
Parameter loading:
 Threshold value
Ë
Ë Smoothing factor
Ë Low limit for transmission of measured values
Ë High limit for transmission of measured values
Parameter activation:
Ë Activation/deactivation of persistent cyclic or periodic transmission of the addressed object
Test procedure:
Ë Test procedure
File transfer:
File transfer in monitor direction:
Ë Transparent file
Ë Transmission of disturbance data of protection equipment
Ë Transmission of sequences of events
Ë Transmission of sequences of recorded analog values
File transfer in control direction:
Ë Transparent file
Background scan:
Ë Background scan
Acquisition of transmission delay:
Acquisition of transmission delay

D-8 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX D D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL

Definition of time outs:

PARAMETER DEFAULT REMARKS SELECTED
VALUE VALUE
t0 30 s Timeout of connection establishment 120 s
t1 15 s Timeout of send or test APDUs 15 s
t2 10 s Timeout for acknowlegements in case of no data messages t2 < t1 10 s
t3 20 s Timeout for sending test frames in case of a long idle state 20 s

Maximum range of values for all time outs: 1 to 255 s, accuracy 1 s

Maximum number of outstanding I-format APDUs k and latest acknowledge APDUs (w):
PARAMETER DEFAULT REMARKS SELECTED
VALUE VALUE
k 12 APDUs Maximum difference receive sequence number to send state variable 12 APDUs

w 8 APDUs Latest acknowledge after receiving w I-format APDUs 8 APDUs

Maximum range of values k: 1 to 32767 (215 – 1) APDUs, accuracy 1 APDU

Maximum range of values w: 1 to 32767 APDUs, accuracy 1 APDU D
Recommendation: w should not exceed two-thirds of k.
Portnumber:
PARAMETER VALUE REMARKS
Portnumber 2404 In all cases

RFC 2200 suite:

RFC 2200 is an official Internet Standard which describes the state of standardization of protocols used in the Internet
as determined by the Internet Architecture Board (IAB). It offers a broad spectrum of actual standards used in the Inter-
net. The suitable selection of documents from RFC 2200 defined in this standard for given projects has to be chosen
by the user of this standard.
 Ethernet 802.3
Ë
Ë Serial X.21 interface
Ë Other selection(s) from RFC 2200 (list below if selected)

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay D-9

 D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL APPENDIX D

D.1.2 POINT LIST

Table D–1: IEC 60870-5-104 POINTS (Sheet 1 of 3) Table D–1: IEC 60870-5-104 POINTS (Sheet 2 of 3)
POINT DESCRIPTION UNITS POINT DESCRIPTION UNITS
M_ME_NC_1 Points 2045 SRC 1 Zero Sequence Voltage Angle degrees
2000 SRC 1 Phase A Current RMS A 2046 SRC 1 Positive Seq Voltage Magnitude V
2001 SRC 1 Phase B Current RMS A 2047 SRC 1 Positive Sequence Voltage Angle degrees
2002 SRC 1 Phase C Current RMS A 2048 SRC 1 Negative Seq Voltage Magnitude V
2003 SRC 1 Neutral Current RMS A 2049 SRC 1 Negative Sequence Voltage Angle degrees
2004 SRC 1 Phase A Current Magnitude A 2050 SRC 1 Three Phase Real Power W
2005 SRC 1 Phase A Current Angle degrees 2051 SRC 1 Phase A Real Power W
2006 SRC 1 Phase B Current Magnitude A 2052 SRC 1 Phase B Real Power W
2007 SRC 1 Phase B Current Angle degrees 2053 SRC 1 Phase C Real Power W
2008 SRC 1 Phase C Current Magnitude A 2054 SRC 1 Three Phase Reactive Power var
2009 SRC 1 Phase C Current Angle degrees 2055 SRC 1 Phase A Reactive Power var
2010 SRC 1 Neutral Current Magnitude A 2056 SRC 1 Phase B Reactive Power var
D 2011 SRC 1 Neutral Current Angle degrees 2057 SRC 1 Phase C Reactive Power var
2012 SRC 1 Ground Current RMS A 2058 SRC 1 Three Phase Apparent Power VA
2013 SRC 1 Ground Current Magnitude A 2059 SRC 1 Phase A Apparent Power VA
2014 SRC 1 Ground Current Angle degrees 2060 SRC 1 Phase B Apparent Power VA
2015 SRC 1 Zero Sequence Current Magnitude A 2061 SRC 1 Phase C Apparent Power VA
2016 SRC 1 Zero Sequence Current Angle degrees 2062 SRC 1 Three Phase Power Factor none
2017 SRC 1 Positive Seq Current Magnitude A 2063 SRC 1 Phase A Power Factor none
2018 SRC 1 Positive Sequence Current Angle degrees 2064 SRC 1 Phase B Power Factor none
2019 SRC 1 Negative Seq Current Magnitude A 2065 SRC 1 Phase C Power Factor none
2020 SRC 1 Negative Sequence Current Angle degrees 2066 SRC 1 Frequency Hz
2021 SRC 1 Differential Gnd Current Magnitude A 2067 Breaker 1 Arcing Amp Phase A kA2-cyc
2022 SRC 1 Differential Ground Current Angle degrees 2068 Breaker 1 Arcing Amp Phase B kA2-cyc
2023 SRC 1 Phase AG Voltage RMS V 2069 Breaker 1 Arcing Amp Phase C kA2-cyc
2024 SRC 1 Phase BG Voltage RMS V 2070 Breaker 2 Arcing Amp Phase A kA2-cyc
2025 SRC 1 Phase CG Voltage RMS V 2071 Breaker 2 Arcing Amp Phase B kA2-cyc
2026 SRC 1 Phase AG Voltage Magnitude V 2072 Breaker 2 Arcing Amp Phase C kA2-cyc
2027 SRC 1 Phase AG Voltage Angle degrees 2073 Synchrocheck 1 Delta Voltage V
2028 SRC 1 Phase BG Voltage Magnitude V 2074 Synchrocheck 1 Delta Frequency Hz
2029 SRC 1 Phase BG Voltage Angle degrees 2075 Synchrocheck 1 Delta Phase degrees
2030 SRC 1 Phase CG Voltage Magnitude V 2076 Synchrocheck 2 Delta Voltage V
2031 SRC 1 Phase CG Voltage Angle degrees 2077 Synchrocheck 2 Delta Frequency Hz
2032 SRC 1 Phase AB Voltage RMS V 2078 Synchrocheck 2 Delta Phase degrees
2033 SRC 1 Phase BC Voltage RMS V 2079 Tracking Frequency Hz
2034 SRC 1 Phase CA Voltage RMS V 2080 FlexElement 1 Actual none
2035 SRC 1 Phase AB Voltage Magnitude V 2081 FlexElement 2 Actual none
2036 SRC 1 Phase AB Voltage Angle degrees 2082 FlexElement 3 Actual none
2037 SRC 1 Phase BC Voltage Magnitude V 2083 FlexElement 4 Actual none
2038 SRC 1 Phase BC Voltage Angle degrees 2084 FlexElement 5 Actual none
2039 SRC 1 Phase CA Voltage Magnitude V 2085 FlexElement 6 Actual none
2040 SRC 1 Phase CA Voltage Angle degrees 2086 FlexElement 7 Actual none
2041 SRC 1 Auxiliary Voltage RMS V 2087 FlexElement 8 Actual none
2042 SRC 1 Auxiliary Voltage Magnitude V 2088 Current Setting Group none
2043 SRC 1 Auxiliary Voltage Angle degrees
2044 SRC 1 Zero Sequence Voltage Magnitude V

D-10 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX D D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL

Table D–1: IEC 60870-5-104 POINTS (Sheet 3 of 3)

POINT DESCRIPTION UNITS
P_ME_NC_1 Points
5000 - Threshold values for M_ME_NC_1 points -
5096
M_SP_NA_1 Points
100 - 115 Virtual Input States[0] -
116 - 131 Virtual Input States[1] -
132 - 147 Virtual Output States[0] -
148 - 163 Virtual Output States[1] -
164 - 179 Virtual Output States[2] -
180 - 195 Virtual Output States[3] -
196 - 211 Contact Input States[0] -
212 - 227 Contact Input States[1] -
228 - 243 Contact Input States[2] -
244 - 259 Contact Input States[3] -
260 - 275 Contact Input States[4] -
276 - 291 Contact Input States[5]
292 - 307 Contact Output States[0]
-
-
D
308 - 323 Contact Output States[1] -
324 - 339 Contact Output States[2] -
340 - 355 Contact Output States[3] -
356 - 371 Remote Input x States[0] -
372 - 387 Remote Input x States[1] -
388 - 403 Remote Device x States -
404 - 419 LED Column x State[0] -
420 - 435 LED Column x State[1] -
C_SC_NA_1 Points
1100 - Virtual Input States[0] - No Select Required -
1115
1116 - Virtual Input States[1] - Select Required -
1131
M_IT_NA_1 Points
Point Description -
4000 Digital Counter 1 Value -
4001 Digital Counter 2 Value -
4002 Digital Counter 3 Value -
4003 Digital Counter 4 Value -
4004 Digital Counter 5 Value -
4005 Digital Counter 6 Value -
4006 Digital Counter 7 Value -
4007 Digital Counter 8 Value -

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay D-11

 D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL APPENDIX D

D-12 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX E E.1 DNP DEVICE PROFILE

APPENDIX E DNPE.1DNP DEVICE PROFILE E.1.1 DNP V3.00 DEVICE PROFILE

The following table provides a “Device Profile Document” in the standard format defined in the DNP 3.0 Subset Definitions
Document.

Table E–1: DNP V3.00 DEVICE PROFILE (Sheet 1 of 3)

(Also see the IMPLEMENTATION TABLE in the following section)

Vendor Name: General Electric Multilin

Device Name: UR Series Relay

Highest DNP Level Supported: Device Function:

For Requests: Level 2 Ë Master
For Responses: Level 2  Slave
Ë
Notable objects, functions, and/or qualifiers supported in addition to the Highest DNP Levels Supported (the complete
list is described in the attached table):
Binary Inputs (Object 1)
Binary Input Changes (Object 2)
Binary Outputs (Object 10)
Binary Counters (Object 20)
Frozen Counters (Object 21)
E
Counter Change Event (Object 22)
Frozen Counter Event (Object 23)
Analog Inputs (Object 30)
Analog Input Changes (Object 32)
Analog Deadbands (Object 34)

Maximum Data Link Frame Size (octets): Maximum Application Fragment Size (octets):
Transmitted: 292 Transmitted: 240
Received: 292 Received: 2048

Maximum Data Link Re-tries: Maximum Application Layer Re-tries:

Ë None  None
Ë
 Fixed at 2
Ë Ë Configurable
Ë Configurable
Requires Data Link Layer Confirmation:
Ë
 Never
Ë Always
Ë Sometimes
Ë Configurable

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay E-1

 E.1 DNP DEVICE PROFILE APPENDIX E

Table E–1: DNP V3.00 DEVICE PROFILE (Sheet 2 of 3)

Requires Application Layer Confirmation:

Ë Never
Ë Always
Ë
 When reporting Event Data
Ë
 When sending multi-fragment responses
Ë Sometimes
Ë Configurable

Timeouts while waiting for:

Data Link Confirm: Ë None Ë
 Fixed at 3 s Ë Variable Ë Configurable
Complete Appl. Fragment: Ë
 None Ë Fixed at ____ Ë Variable Ë Configurable
Application Confirm: Ë None Ë
 Fixed at 4 s Ë Variable Ë Configurable
Complete Appl. Response: Ë
 None Ë Fixed at ____ Ë Variable Ë Configurable

Others:
Transmission Delay: No intentional delay
Inter-character Timeout: 50 ms
Need Time Delay: Configurable (default = 24 hrs.)
Select/Operate Arm Timeout: 10 s
Binary input change scanning period: 8 times per power system cycle

E Packed binary change process period:

Analog input change scanning period:
1s
500 ms
Counter change scanning period: 500 ms
Frozen counter event scanning period: 500 ms
Unsolicited response notification delay: 500 ms
Unsolicited response retry delay configurable 0 to 60 sec.

Sends/Executes Control Operations:

WRITE Binary Outputs Ë
 Never Ë Always Ë Sometimes Ë Configurable
SELECT/OPERATE Ë Never Ë
 Always Ë Sometimes Ë Configurable
DIRECT OPERATE Ë Never Ë
 Always Ë Sometimes Ë Configurable
DIRECT OPERATE – NO ACK Ë Never Ë
 Always Ë Sometimes Ë Configurable

Count > 1 Ë
 Never Ë Always Ë Sometimes Ë Configurable
Pulse On Ë Never Ë Always Ë
 Sometimes Ë Configurable
Pulse Off Ë Never Ë Always Ë
 Sometimes Ë Configurable
Latch On Ë Never Ë Always Ë
 Sometimes Ë Configurable
Latch Off Ë Never Ë Always Ë
 Sometimes Ë Configurable

Queue  Never
Ë Ë Always Ë Sometimes Ë Configurable
Clear Queue  Never
Ë Ë Always Ë Sometimes Ë Configurable

Explanation of ‘Sometimes’: Object 12 points are mapped to UR Virtual Inputs. The persistence of Virtual Inputs is
determined by the VIRTUAL INPUT X TYPE settings. Both “Pulse On” and “Latch On” operations perform the same func-
tion in the UR; that is, the appropriate Virtual Input is put into the “On” state. If the Virtual Input is set to "Self-Reset",
it will reset after one pass of FlexLogic™. The On/Off times and Count value are ignored. "Pulse Off" and "Latch Off"
operations put the appropriate Virtual Input into the "Off" state. "Trip" and "Close" operations both put the appropriate
Virtual Input into the "On" state.

E-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX E E.1 DNP DEVICE PROFILE

Table E–1: DNP V3.00 DEVICE PROFILE (Sheet 3 of 3)

Reports Binary Input Change Events when no Reports time-tagged Binary Input Change Events when no
specific variation requested: specific variation requested:
Ë Never Ë Never
Ë
 Only time-tagged Ë
 Binary Input Change With Time
Ë Only non-time-tagged Ë Binary Input Change With Relative Time
Ë Configurable Ë Configurable (attach explanation)

Sends Unsolicited Responses: Sends Static Data in Unsolicited Responses:

Ë Never  Never
Ë
Ë
 Configurable Ë When Device Restarts
Ë Only certain objects Ë When Status Flags Change
Ë Sometimes (attach explanation)
ENABLE/DISABLE unsolicited Function No other options are permitted.
Ë

codes supported

Default Counter Object/Variation: Counters Roll Over at:

Ë No Counters Reported Ë No Counters Reported
Ë Configurable (attach explanation) Ë Configurable (attach explanation)
 Default Object:
Ë 20 Ë
 16 Bits (Counter 8)
Default Variation: 1 Ë
 32 Bits (Counters 0 to 7, 9)
 Point-by-point list attached
Ë Ë Other Value: _____
Ë
 Point-by-point list attached E
Sends Multi-Fragment Responses:
 Yes
Ë
Ë No

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay E-3

 E.2 DNP IMPLEMENTATION TABLE APPENDIX E

E.2DNP IMPLEMENTATION TABLE E.2.1 IMPLEMENTATION TABLE

The following table identifies the variations, function codes, and qualifiers supported by the UR in both request messages
and in response messages. For static (non-change-event) objects, requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be
responded with qualifiers 00 or 01. Static object requests sent with qualifiers 17 or 28 will be responded with qualifiers 17 or
28. For change-event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.
Table E–2: IMPLEMENTATION TABLE (Sheet 1 of 4)
OBJECT REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT VARIATION DESCRIPTION FUNCTION QUALIFIER FUNCTION QUALIFIER
NO. NO. CODES (DEC) CODES (HEX) CODES (DEC) CODES (HEX)
1 0 Binary Input (Variation 0 is used to request 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop)
default variation) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
1 Binary Input 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)
2 Binary Input with Status 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
(default – see Note 1) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)
2 0 Binary Input Change (Variation 0 is used to 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all)
request default variation) 07, 08 (limited qty)
1 Binary Input Change without Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
2 Binary Input Change with Time 1 (read) 06 ( no range, or all) 129 (response 17, 28 (index)
E 3
(default – see Note 1)
Binary Input Change with Relative Time 1 (read)
07, 08 (limited qty)
06 ( no range, or all)
130 (unsol. resp.)

(parse only) 07, 08 (limited qty)

10 0 Binary Output Status (Variation 0 is used to 1 (read) 00, 01(start-stop)
request default variation) 06 (no range, or all)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
2 Binary Output Status 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
(default – see Note 1) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)
12 1 Control Relay Output Block 3 (select) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) echo of request
4 (operate) 07, 08 (limited qty)
5 (direct op) 17, 28 (index)
6 (dir. op, noack)
20 0 Binary Counter 1 (read) 00, 01(start-stop)
(Variation 0 is used to request default 7 (freeze) 06(no range, or all)
variation) 8 (freeze noack) 07, 08(limited qty)
9 (freeze clear) 17, 28(index)
10 (frz. cl. noack)
22 (assign class)
1 32-Bit Binary Counter 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
(default – see Note 1) 7 (freeze) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
8 (freeze noack) 07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
9 (freeze clear) 17, 28 (index)
10 (frz. cl. noack)
22 (assign class)
Note 1: A Default variation refers to the variation responded when variation 0 is requested and/or in class 0, 1, 2, or 3 scans. Type 30 (Analog
Input) data is limited to data that is actually possible to be used in the UR, based on the product order code. For example, Signal
Source data from source numbers that cannot be used is not included. This optimizes the class 0 poll data size.
Note 2: For static (non-change-event) objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are only responded when a request is sent with qualifiers 17 or 28, respec-
tively. Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for change-
event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.)
Note 3: Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts – the UR is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted.

E-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX E E.2 DNP IMPLEMENTATION TABLE

Table E–2: IMPLEMENTATION TABLE (Sheet 2 of 4)

OBJECT REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT VARIATION DESCRIPTION FUNCTION QUALIFIER FUNCTION QUALIFIER
NO. NO. CODES (DEC) CODES (HEX) CODES (DEC) CODES (HEX)
20 2 16-Bit Binary Counter 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
con’t 7 (freeze) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
8 (freeze noack) 07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
9 (freeze clear) 17, 28 (index)
10 (frz. cl. noack)
22 (assign class)
5 32-Bit Binary Counter without Flag 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
7 (freeze) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
8 (freeze noack) 07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
9 (freeze clear) 17, 28 (index)
10 (frz. cl. noack)
22 (assign class)
6 16-Bit Binary Counter without Flag 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
7 (freeze) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
8 (freeze noack) 07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
9 (freeze clear) 17, 28 (index)
10 (frz. cl. noack)
22 (assign class)
21 0 Frozen Counter 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop)
(Variation 0 is used to request default 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all)
variation) 07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
1 32-Bit Frozen Counter 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
(default – see Note 1) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index) E
2 16-Bit Frozen Counter 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)
9 32-Bit Frozen Counter without Flag 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)
10 16-Bit Frozen Counter without Flag 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)
22 0 Counter Change Event (Variation 0 is used 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all)
to request default variation) 07, 08 (limited qty)
1 32-Bit Counter Change Event 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
(default – see Note 1) 07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
2 16-Bit Counter Change Event 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
5 32-Bit Counter Change Event with Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
6 16-Bit Counter Change Event with Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
23 0 Frozen Counter Event (Variation 0 is used 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all)
to request default variation) 07, 08 (limited qty)
1 32-Bit Frozen Counter Event 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
(default – see Note 1) 07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
2 16-Bit Frozen Counter Event 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
Note 1: A Default variation refers to the variation responded when variation 0 is requested and/or in class 0, 1, 2, or 3 scans. Type 30 (Analog
Input) data is limited to data that is actually possible to be used in the UR, based on the product order code. For example, Signal
Source data from source numbers that cannot be used is not included. This optimizes the class 0 poll data size.
Note 2: For static (non-change-event) objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are only responded when a request is sent with qualifiers 17 or 28, respec-
tively. Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for change-
event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.)
Note 3: Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts – the UR is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay E-5

 E.2 DNP IMPLEMENTATION TABLE APPENDIX E

Table E–2: IMPLEMENTATION TABLE (Sheet 3 of 4)

OBJECT REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT VARIATION DESCRIPTION FUNCTION QUALIFIER FUNCTION QUALIFIER
NO. NO. CODES (DEC) CODES (HEX) CODES (DEC) CODES (HEX)
23 5 32-Bit Frozen Counter Event with Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
con’t 07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
6 16-Bit Frozen Counter Event with Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
30 0 Analog Input (Variation 0 is used to request 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop)
default variation) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
1 32-Bit Analog Input 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
(default – see Note 1) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)
2 16-Bit Analog Input 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)
3 32-Bit Analog Input without Flag 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)
4 16-Bit Analog Input without Flag 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)

E 5 short floating point 1 (read)

22 (assign class)
00, 01 (start-stop)
06(no range, or all)
129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
17, 28 (index)
07, 08(limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28(index)
32 0 Analog Change Event (Variation 0 is used 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all)
to request default variation) 07, 08 (limited qty)
1 32-Bit Analog Change Event without 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
Time (default – see Note 1) 07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
2 16-Bit Analog Change Event without Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
3 32-Bit Analog Change Event with Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
4 16-Bit Analog Change Event with Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
5 short floating point Analog Change Event 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
without Time 07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
7 short floating point Analog Change Event 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
with Time 07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp.)
34 0 Analog Input Reporting Deadband 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop)
(Variation 0 is used to request default 06 (no range, or all)
variation) 07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
1 16-bit Analog Input Reporting Deadband 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
(default – see Note 1) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)
2 (write) 00, 01 (start-stop)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
Note 1: A Default variation refers to the variation responded when variation 0 is requested and/or in class 0, 1, 2, or 3 scans. Type 30 (Analog
Input) data is limited to data that is actually possible to be used in the UR, based on the product order code. For example, Signal
Source data from source numbers that cannot be used is not included. This optimizes the class 0 poll data size.
Note 2: For static (non-change-event) objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are only responded when a request is sent with qualifiers 17 or 28, respec-
tively. Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for change-
event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.)
Note 3: Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts – the UR is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted.

E-6 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX E E.2 DNP IMPLEMENTATION TABLE

Table E–2: IMPLEMENTATION TABLE (Sheet 4 of 4)

OBJECT REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT VARIATION DESCRIPTION FUNCTION QUALIFIER FUNCTION QUALIFIER
NO. NO. CODES (DEC) CODES (HEX) CODES (DEC) CODES (HEX)
34 2 32-bit Analog Input Reporting Deadband 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
con’t (default – see Note 1) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)
2 (write) 00, 01 (start-stop)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
3 Short floating point Analog Input Reporting 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
Deadband 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)
50 0 Time and Date 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) (see Note 2)
17, 28 (index)
1 Time and Date 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
(default – see Note 1) 2 (write) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index)
07 (limited qty=1) (see Note 2)
08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
52 2 Time Delay Fine 129 (response) 07 (limited qty)
(qty = 1)
60 0 Class 0, 1, 2, and 3 Data 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all)
20 (enable unsol)
21 (disable unsol)
22 (assign class) E
1 Class 0 Data 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all)
22 (assign class)
2 Class 1 Data 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all)
20 (enable unsol) 07, 08 (limited qty)
21 (disable unsol)
22 (assign class)
3 Class 2 Data 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all)
20 (enable unsol) 07, 08 (limited qty)
21 (disable unsol)
22 (assign class)
4 Class 3 Data 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all)
20 (enable unsol) 07, 08 (limited qty)
21 (disable unsol)
22 (assign class)
80 1 Internal Indications 2 (write) 00 (start-stop)
(index must =7)
--- No Object (function code only) 13 (cold restart)
see Note 3
--- No Object (function code only) 14 (warm restart)
--- No Object (function code only) 23 (delay meas.)
Note 1: A Default variation refers to the variation responded when variation 0 is requested and/or in class 0, 1, 2, or 3 scans. Type 30 (Analog
Input) data is limited to data that is actually possible to be used in the UR, based on the product order code. For example, Signal
Source data from source numbers that cannot be used is not included. This optimizes the class 0 poll data size.
Note 2: For static (non-change-event) objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are only responded when a request is sent with qualifiers 17 or 28, respec-
tively. Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for change-
event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.)
Note 3: Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts – the UR is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay E-7

 E.3 DNP POINT LISTS APPENDIX E

E.3DNP POINT LISTS E.3.1 BINARY INPUT POINTS

The following table lists both Binary Counters (Object 20) and Frozen Counters (Object 21). When a freeze function is per-
formed on a Binary Counter point, the frozen value is available in the corresponding Frozen Counter point.

BINARY INPUT POINTS

Static (Steady-State) Object Number: 1
Change Event Object Number: 2
Request Function Codes supported: 1 (read), 22 (assign class)
Static Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 2 (Binary Input with status)
Change Event Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 2 (Binary Input Change with Time)
Change Event Scan Rate: 8 times per power system cycle
Change Event Buffer Size: 1000

Table E–3: BINARY INPUTS (Sheet 1 of 10) Table E–3: BINARY INPUTS (Sheet 2 of 10)
POINT NAME/DESCRIPTION CHANGE EVENT POINT NAME/DESCRIPTION CHANGE EVENT
INDEX CLASS (1/2/3/NONE) INDEX CLASS (1/2/3/NONE)
0 Virtual Input 1 2 32 Virtual Output 1 2
1 Virtual Input 2 2 33 Virtual Output 2 2

E 2
3
Virtual Input 3
Virtual Input 4
2
2
34
35
Virtual Output 3
Virtual Output 4
2
2
4 Virtual Input 5 2 36 Virtual Output 5 2
5 Virtual Input 6 2 37 Virtual Output 6 2
6 Virtual Input 7 2 38 Virtual Output 7 2
7 Virtual Input 8 2 39 Virtual Output 8 2
8 Virtual Input 9 2 40 Virtual Output 9 2
9 Virtual Input 10 2 41 Virtual Output 10 2
10 Virtual Input 11 2 42 Virtual Output 11 2
11 Virtual Input 12 2 43 Virtual Output 12 2
12 Virtual Input 13 2 44 Virtual Output 13 2
13 Virtual Input 14 2 45 Virtual Output 14 2
14 Virtual Input 15 2 46 Virtual Output 15 2
15 Virtual Input 16 2 47 Virtual Output 16 2
16 Virtual Input 17 2 48 Virtual Output 17 2
17 Virtual Input 18 2 49 Virtual Output 18 2
18 Virtual Input 19 2 50 Virtual Output 19 2
19 Virtual Input 20 2 51 Virtual Output 20 2
20 Virtual Input 21 2 52 Virtual Output 21 2
21 Virtual Input 22 2 53 Virtual Output 22 2
22 Virtual Input 23 2 54 Virtual Output 23 2
23 Virtual Input 24 2 55 Virtual Output 24 2
24 Virtual Input 25 2 56 Virtual Output 25 2
25 Virtual Input 26 2 57 Virtual Output 26 2
26 Virtual Input 27 2 58 Virtual Output 27 2
27 Virtual Input 28 2 59 Virtual Output 28 2
28 Virtual Input 29 2 60 Virtual Output 29 2
29 Virtual Input 30 2 61 Virtual Output 30 2
30 Virtual Input 31 2 62 Virtual Output 31 2
31 Virtual Input 32 2 63 Virtual Output 32 2

E-8 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX E E.3 DNP POINT LISTS

Table E–3: BINARY INPUTS (Sheet 3 of 10) Table E–3: BINARY INPUTS (Sheet 4 of 10)
POINT NAME/DESCRIPTION CHANGE EVENT POINT NAME/DESCRIPTION CHANGE EVENT
INDEX CLASS (1/2/3/NONE) INDEX CLASS (1/2/3/NONE)
64 Virtual Output 33 2 115 Contact Input 20 1
65 Virtual Output 34 2 116 Contact Input 21 1
66 Virtual Output 35 2 117 Contact Input 22 1
67 Virtual Output 36 2 118 Contact Input 23 1
68 Virtual Output 37 2 119 Contact Input 24 1
69 Virtual Output 38 2 120 Contact Input 25 1
70 Virtual Output 39 2 121 Contact Input 26 1
71 Virtual Output 40 2 122 Contact Input 27 1
72 Virtual Output 41 2 123 Contact Input 28 1
73 Virtual Output 42 2 124 Contact Input 29 1
74 Virtual Output 43 2 125 Contact Input 30 1
75 Virtual Output 44 2 126 Contact Input 31 1
76 Virtual Output 45 2 127 Contact Input 32 1
77 Virtual Output 46 2 128 Contact Input 33 1
78 Virtual Output 47 2 129 Contact Input 34 1
79 Virtual Output 48 2 130 Contact Input 35 1
80 Virtual Output 49 2 131 Contact Input 36 1
81 Virtual Output 50 2 132 Contact Input 37 1
82 Virtual Output 51 2 133 Contact Input 38 1
83 Virtual Output 52 2 134 Contact Input 39 1
84 Virtual Output 53 2 135 Contact Input 40 1
85 Virtual Output 54 2 136 Contact Input 41 1 E
86 Virtual Output 55 2 137 Contact Input 42 1
87 Virtual Output 56 2 138 Contact Input 43 1
88 Virtual Output 57 2 139 Contact Input 44 1
89 Virtual Output 58 2 140 Contact Input 45 1
90 Virtual Output 59 2 141 Contact Input 46 1
91 Virtual Output 60 2 142 Contact Input 47 1
92 Virtual Output 61 2 143 Contact Input 48 1
93 Virtual Output 62 2 144 Contact Input 49 1
94 Virtual Output 63 2 145 Contact Input 50 1
95 Virtual Output 64 2 146 Contact Input 51 1
96 Contact Input 1 1 147 Contact Input 52 1
97 Contact Input 2 1 148 Contact Input 53 1
98 Contact Input 3 1 149 Contact Input 54 1
99 Contact Input 4 1 150 Contact Input 55 1
100 Contact Input 5 1 151 Contact Input 56 1
101 Contact Input 6 1 152 Contact Input 57 1
102 Contact Input 7 1 153 Contact Input 58 1
103 Contact Input 8 1 154 Contact Input 59 1
104 Contact Input 9 1 155 Contact Input 60 1
105 Contact Input 10 1 156 Contact Input 61 1
106 Contact Input 11 1 157 Contact Input 62 1
107 Contact Input 12 1 158 Contact Input 63 1
108 Contact Input 13 1 159 Contact Input 64 1
109 Contact Input 14 1 160 Contact Input 65 1
110 Contact Input 15 1 161 Contact Input 66 1
111 Contact Input 16 1 162 Contact Input 67 1
112 Contact Input 17 1 163 Contact Input 68 1
113 Contact Input 18 1 164 Contact Input 69 1
114 Contact Input 19 1 165 Contact Input 70 1

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay E-9

 E.3 DNP POINT LISTS APPENDIX E

Table E–3: BINARY INPUTS (Sheet 5 of 10) Table E–3: BINARY INPUTS (Sheet 6 of 10)
POINT NAME/DESCRIPTION CHANGE EVENT POINT NAME/DESCRIPTION CHANGE EVENT
INDEX CLASS (1/2/3/NONE) INDEX CLASS (1/2/3/NONE)
166 Contact Input 71 1 217 Contact Output 26 1
167 Contact Input 72 1 218 Contact Output 27 1
168 Contact Input 73 1 219 Contact Output 28 1
169 Contact Input 74 1 220 Contact Output 29 1
170 Contact Input 75 1 221 Contact Output 30 1
171 Contact Input 76 1 222 Contact Output 31 1
172 Contact Input 77 1 223 Contact Output 32 1
173 Contact Input 78 1 224 Contact Output 33 1
174 Contact Input 79 1 225 Contact Output 34 1
175 Contact Input 80 1 226 Contact Output 35 1
176 Contact Input 81 1 227 Contact Output 36 1
177 Contact Input 82 1 228 Contact Output 37 1
178 Contact Input 83 1 229 Contact Output 38 1
179 Contact Input 84 1 230 Contact Output 39 1
180 Contact Input 85 1 231 Contact Output 40 1
181 Contact Input 86 1 232 Contact Output 41 1
182 Contact Input 87 1 233 Contact Output 42 1
183 Contact Input 88 1 234 Contact Output 43 1
184 Contact Input 89 1 235 Contact Output 44 1
185 Contact Input 90 1 236 Contact Output 45 1

E
186 Contact Input 91 1 237 Contact Output 46 1
187 Contact Input 92 1 238 Contact Output 47 1
188 Contact Input 93 1 239 Contact Output 48 1
189 Contact Input 94 1 240 Contact Output 49 1
190 Contact Input 95 1 241 Contact Output 50 1
191 Contact Input 96 1 242 Contact Output 51 1
192 Contact Output 1 1 243 Contact Output 52 1
193 Contact Output 2 1 244 Contact Output 53 1
194 Contact Output 3 1 245 Contact Output 54 1
195 Contact Output 4 1 246 Contact Output 55 1
196 Contact Output 5 1 247 Contact Output 56 1
197 Contact Output 6 1 248 Contact Output 57 1
198 Contact Output 7 1 249 Contact Output 58 1
199 Contact Output 8 1 250 Contact Output 59 1
200 Contact Output 9 1 251 Contact Output 60 1
201 Contact Output 10 1 252 Contact Output 61 1
202 Contact Output 11 1 253 Contact Output 62 1
203 Contact Output 12 1 254 Contact Output 63 1
204 Contact Output 13 1 255 Contact Output 64 1
205 Contact Output 14 1 256 Remote Input 1 1
206 Contact Output 15 1 257 Remote Input 2 1
207 Contact Output 16 1 258 Remote Input 3 1
208 Contact Output 17 1 259 Remote Input 4 1
209 Contact Output 18 1 260 Remote Input 5 1
210 Contact Output 19 1 261 Remote Input 6 1
211 Contact Output 20 1 262 Remote Input 7 1
212 Contact Output 21 1 263 Remote Input 8 1
213 Contact Output 22 1 264 Remote Input 9 1
214 Contact Output 23 1 265 Remote Input 10 1
215 Contact Output 24 1 266 Remote Input 11 1
216 Contact Output 25 1 267 Remote Input 12 1

E-10 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX E E.3 DNP POINT LISTS

Table E–3: BINARY INPUTS (Sheet 7 of 10) Table E–3: BINARY INPUTS (Sheet 8 of 10)
POINT NAME/DESCRIPTION CHANGE EVENT POINT NAME/DESCRIPTION CHANGE EVENT
INDEX CLASS (1/2/3/NONE) INDEX CLASS (1/2/3/NONE)
268 Remote Input 13 1 369 GROUND IOC2 Element OP 1
269 Remote Input 14 1 384 GROUND TOC1 Element OP 1
270 Remote Input 15 1 385 GROUND TOC2 Element OP 1
271 Remote Input 16 1 400 NEG SEQ IOC1 Element OP 1
272 Remote Input 17 1 401 NEG SEQ IOC2 Element OP 1
273 Remote Input 18 1 416 NEG SEQ TOC1 Element OP 1
274 Remote Input 19 1 417 NEG SEQ TOC2 Element OP 1
275 Remote Input 20 1 444 AUX UV1 Element OP 1
276 Remote Input 21 1 448 PHASE UV1 Element OP 1
277 Remote Input 22 1 449 PHASE UV2 Element OP 1
278 Remote Input 23 1 452 AUX OV1 Element OP 1
279 Remote Input 24 1 456 PHASE OV1 Element OP 1
280 Remote Input 25 1 460 NEUTRAL OV1 Element OP 1
281 Remote Input 26 1 464 PH DIST Z1 Element OP 1
282 Remote Input 27 1 465 PH DIST Z2 Element OP 1
283 Remote Input 28 1 466 PH DIST Z3 Element OP 1
284 Remote Input 29 1 467 PH DIST Z4 Element OP 1
285 Remote Input 30 1 472 LINE PICKUP Element OP 1
286 Remote Input 31 1 480 GND DIST Z1 Element OP 1
287 Remote Input 32 1 481 GND DIST Z2 Element OP 1
288 Remote Device 1 1 482 GND DIST Z3 Element OP 1
289 Remote Device 2 1 483 GND DIST Z4 Element OP 1 E
290 Remote Device 3 1 484 LOAD ENCHR Element OP 1
291 Remote Device 4 1 488 DUTT Element OP 1
292 Remote Device 5 1 489 PUTT Element OP 1
293 Remote Device 6 1 490 POTT Element OP 1
294 Remote Device 7 1 491 HYBRID POTT Element OP 1
295 Remote Device 8 1 492 BLOCK SCHEME Element OP 1
296 Remote Device 9 1 494 POWER SWING Element OP 1
297 Remote Device 10 1 528 SRC1 VT FUSE FAIL Elem OP 1
298 Remote Device 11 1 529 SRC2 VT FUSE FAIL Elem OP 1
299 Remote Device 12 1 530 SRC3 VT FUSE FAIL Elem OP 1
300 Remote Device 13 1 531 SRC4 VT FUSE FAIL Elem OP 1
301 Remote Device 14 1 532 SRC5 VT FUSE FAIL Elem OP 1
302 Remote Device 15 1 533 SRC6 VT FUSE FAIL Elem OP 1
303 Remote Device 16 1 536 SRC1 50DD Element OP 1
304 PHASE IOC1 Element OP 1 537 SRC2 50DD Element OP 1
305 PHASE IOC2 Element OP 1 538 SRC3 50DD Element OP 1
320 PHASE TOC1 Element OP 1 539 SRC4 50DD Element OP 1
321 PHASE TOC2 Element OP 1 540 SRC5 50DD Element OP 1
328 PH DIR1 Element OP 1 541 SRC6 50DD Element OP 1
329 PH DIR2 Element OP 1 548 50DD Element OP 1
336 NEUTRAL IOC1 Element OP 1 554 STUB BUS Element OP 1
337 NEUTRAL IOC2 Element OP 1 576 BREAKER 1 Element OP 1
352 NEUTRAL TOC1 Element OP 1 577 BREAKER 2 Element OP 1
353 NEUTRAL TOC2 Element OP 1 584 BKR FAIL 1 Element OP 1
360 NTRL DIR OC1 Element OP 1 585 BKR FAIL 2 Element OP 1
361 NTRL DIR OC2 Element OP 1 592 BKR ARC 1 Element OP 1
364 NEG SEQ DIR OC1 Elem. OP 1 593 BKR ARC 2 Element OP 1
365 NEG SEQ DIR OC2 Elem OP 1 608 AR 1 Element OP 1
368 GROUND IOC1 Element OP 1 609 AR 2 Element OP 1

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay E-11

 E.3 DNP POINT LISTS APPENDIX E

Table E–3: BINARY INPUTS (Sheet 9 of 10) Table E–3: BINARY INPUTS (Sheet 10 of 10)
POINT NAME/DESCRIPTION CHANGE EVENT POINT NAME/DESCRIPTION CHANGE EVENT
INDEX CLASS (1/2/3/NONE) INDEX CLASS (1/2/3/NONE)
610 AR 3 Element OP 1 885 LED State 14 (PHASE B) 1
611 AR 4 Element OP 1 886 LED State 15 (PHASE C) 1
612 AR 5 Element OP 1 887 LED State 16 (NTL/GROUND) 1
613 AR 6 Element OP 1 899 BATTERY FAIL 1
616 SYNC 1 Element OP 1 900 PRI ETHERNET FAIL 1
617 SYNC 2 Element OP 1 901 SEC ETHERNET FAIL 1
640 SETTING GROUP Element OP 1 902 EPROM DATA ERROR 1
641 RESET Element OP 1 903 SRAM DATA ERROR 1
704 FLEXELEMENT 1 Element OP 1 904 PROGRAM MEMORY 1
705 FLEXELEMENT 2 Element OP 1 905 WATCHDOG ERROR 1
706 FLEXELEMENT 3 Element OP 1 906 LOW ON MEMORY 1
707 FLEXELEMENT 4 Element OP 1 907 REMOTE DEVICE OFF 1
708 FLEXELEMENT 5 Element OP 1 910 Any Major Error 1
709 FLEXELEMENT 6 Element OP 1 911 Any Minor Error 1
710 FLEXELEMENT 7 Element OP 1 912 Any Self-Tests 1
711 FLEXELEMENT 8 Element OP 1 913 IRIG-B FAILURE 1
816 DIG ELEM 1 Element OP 1 914 DSP ERROR 1
817 DIG ELEM 2 Element OP 1 915 Not Used
818 DIG ELEM 3 Element OP 1 916 NO DSP INTERUPTS 1
819 DIG ELEM 4 Element OP 1 917 UNIT NOT CALIBRATED 1

E
820 DIG ELEM 5 Element OP 1 921 PROTOTYPE FIRMWARE 1
821 DIG ELEM 6 Element OP 1 922 FLEXLOGIC ERR TOKEN 1
822 DIG ELEM 7 Element OP 1 923 EQUIPMENT MISMATCH 1
823 DIG ELEM 8 Element OP 1 925 UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED 1
824 DIG ELEM 9 Element OP 1 926 SYSTEM EXCEPTION 1
825 DIG ELEM 10 Element OP 1
826 DIG ELEM 11 Element OP 1
827 DIG ELEM 12 Element OP 1
828 DIG ELEM 13 Element OP 1
829 DIG ELEM 14 Element OP 1
830 DIG ELEM 15 Element OP 1
831 DIG ELEM 16 Element OP 1
848 COUNTER 1 Element OP 1
849 COUNTER 2 Element OP 1
850 COUNTER 3 Element OP 1
851 COUNTER 4 Element OP 1
852 COUNTER 5 Element OP 1
853 COUNTER 6 Element OP 1
854 COUNTER 7 Element OP 1
855 COUNTER 8 Element OP 1
864 LED State 1 (IN SERVICE) 1
865 LED State 2 (TROUBLE) 1
866 LED State 3 (TEST MODE) 1
867 LED State 4 (TRIP) 1
868 LED State 5 (ALARM) 1
869 LED State 6(PICKUP) 1
880 LED State 9 (VOLTAGE) 1
881 LED State 10 (CURRENT) 1
882 LED State 11 (FREQUENCY) 1
883 LED State 12 (OTHER) 1
884 LED State 13 (PHASE A) 1

E-12 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX E E.3 DNP POINT LISTS

E.3.2 BINARY OUTPUT AND CONTROL RELAY OUTPUT

Supported Control Relay Output Block fields: Pulse On, Pulse Off, Latch On, Latch Off, Paired Trip, Paired Close.

BINARY OUTPUT STATUS POINTS

Object Number: 10
Request Function Codes supported: 1 (read)
Default Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 2 (Binary Output Status)
CONTROL RELAY OUTPUT BLOCKS
Object Number: 12
Request Function Codes supported: 3 (select), 4 (operate), 5 (direct operate),6 (direct operate, noack)

Table E–4: BINARY/CONTROL OUTPUT POINT LIST

POINT NAME/DESCRIPTION
INDEX
0 Virtual Input 1
1 Virtual Input 2
2 Virtual Input 3
3 Virtual Input 4
4 Virtual Input 5
5 Virtual Input 6 E
6 Virtual Input 7
7 Virtual Input 8
8 Virtual Input 9
9 Virtual Input 10
10 Virtual Input 11
11 Virtual Input 12
12 Virtual Input 13
13 Virtual Input 14
14 Virtual Input 15
15 Virtual Input 16
16 Virtual Input 17
17 Virtual Input 18
18 Virtual Input 19
19 Virtual Input 20
20 Virtual Input 21
21 Virtual Input 22
22 Virtual Input 23
23 Virtual Input 24
24 Virtual Input 25
25 Virtual Input 26
26 Virtual Input 27
27 Virtual Input 28
28 Virtual Input 29
29 Virtual Input 30
30 Virtual Input 31
31 Virtual Input 32

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay E-13

 E.3 DNP POINT LISTS APPENDIX E

E.3.3 COUNTERS

The following table lists both Binary Counters (Object 20) and Frozen Counters (Object 21). When a freeze function is per-
formed on a Binary Counter point, the frozen value is available in the corresponding Frozen Counter point.

BINARY COUNTERS
Static (Steady-State) Object Number: 20
Change Event Object Number: 22
Request Function Codes supported: 1 (read), 7 (freeze), 8 (freeze noack), 9 (freeze and clear),
10 (freeze and clear, noack), 22 (assign class)
Static Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 1 (32-Bit Binary Counter with Flag)
Change Event Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 1 (32-Bit Counter Change Event without time)
Change Event Buffer Size: 10
Default Class for all points: 2
FROZEN COUNTERS
Static (Steady-State) Object Number: 21
Change Event Object Number: 23
Request Function Codes supported: 1 (read)
Static Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 1 (32-Bit Frozen Counter with Flag)
E Change Event Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 1 (32-Bit Frozen Counter Event without time)
Change Event Buffer Size: 10
Default Class for all points: 2

Table E–5: BINARY and FROZEN COUNTERS

POINT NAME/DESCRIPTION
INDEX
0 Digital Counter 1
1 Digital Counter 2
2 Digital Counter 3
3 Digital Counter 4
4 Digital Counter 5
5 Digital Counter 6
6 Digital Counter 7
7 Digital Counter 8
8 Oscillography Trigger Count
9 Events Since Last Clear

A counter freeze command has no meaning for counters 8 and 9.

D60 Digital Counter values are represented as 32-bit integers. The DNP 3.0 protocol defines counters to be unsigned inte-
gers. Care should be taken when interpreting negative counter values.

E-14 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX E E.3 DNP POINT LISTS

E.3.4 ANALOG INPUTS

The following table lists Analog Inputs (Object 30). It is important to note that 16-bit and 32-bit variations of Analog Inputs
are transmitted through DNP as signed numbers. Even for analog input points that are not valid as negative values, the
maximum positive representation is 32767. This is a DNP requirement.
The deadbands for all Analog Input points are in the same units as the Analog Input quantity. For example, an Analog Input
quantity measured in volts has a corresponding deadband in units of volts. This is in conformance with DNP Technical Bul-
letin 9809-001 Analog Input Reporting Deadband. Relay settings are available to set default deadband values according to
data type. Deadbands for individual Analog Input Points can be set using DNP Object 34.
When using the UR in DNP systems with limited memory, the ANALOG INPUT POINTS LIST below may be replaced with
a user-definable list. This user-definable list uses the same settings as the Modbus User Map and can be configured with
the MODBUS USER MAP settings. When used with DNP, each entry in the Modbus User Map represents the starting Mod-
bus address of a data item available as a DNP Analog Input point. To enable use of the Modbus User Map for DNP Analog
Input points, set the USER MAP FOR DNP ANALOGS setting to Enabled (this setting is in the PRODUCT SETUP !" COMMUNICA-
TIONS !" DNP PROTOCOL menu). The new DNP Analog points list can be checked via the "DNP Analog Input Points List"
webpage, accessible from the "Device Information menu" webpage.
After changing the USER MAP FOR DNP ANALOGS setting, the relay must be powered off and then back on for the set-
ting to take effect.
NOTE

Only Source 1 data points are shown in the following table. If the NUMBER OF SOURCES IN ANALOG LIST setting is increased,
data points for subsequent sources will be added to the list immediately following the Source 1 data points.
Units for Analog Input points are as follows:
• Current: A • Energy Wh, varh
• Voltage: V • Frequency: Hz
E
• Real Power: W • Angle: degrees
• Reactive Power: var • Ohm Input: Ohms
• Apparent Power: VA • RTD Input: degrees C

Static (Steady-State) Object Number: 30

Change Event Object Number: 32
Request Function Codes supported: 1 (read), 2 (write, deadbands only), 22 (assign class)
Static Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 1 (32-Bit Analog Input)
Change Event Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 1 (Analog Change Event w/o Time)
Change Event Scan Rate: defaults to 500 ms.
Change Event Buffer Size: 800
Default Class for all Points: 1

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay E-15

 E.3 DNP POINT LISTS APPENDIX E

Table E–6: ANALOG INPUT POINTS (Sheet 1 of 4)

POINT DESCRIPTION
0 SRC 1 Phase A Current RMS
1 SRC 1 Phase B Current RMS
2 SRC 1 Phase C Current RMS
3 SRC 1 Neutral Current RMS
4 SRC 1 Phase A Current Magnitude
5 SRC 1 Phase A Current Angle
6 SRC 1 Phase B Current Magnitude
7 SRC 1 Phase B Current Angle
8 SRC 1 Phase C Current Magnitude
9 SRC 1 Phase C Current Angle
10 SRC 1 Neutral Current Magnitude
11 SRC 1 Neutral Current Angle
12 SRC 1 Ground Current RMS
13 SRC 1 Ground Current Magnitude
14 SRC 1 Ground Current Angle
15 SRC 1 Zero Sequence Current Magnitude
16 SRC 1 Zero Sequence Current Angle
17 SRC 1 Positive Sequence Current Magnitude
18 SRC 1 Positive Sequence Current Angle
E 19 SRC 1 Negative Sequence Current Magnitude
20 SRC 1 Negative Sequence Current Angle
21 SRC 1 Differential Ground Current Magnitude
22 SRC 1 Differential Ground Current Angle
23 SRC 1 Phase AG Voltage RMS
24 SRC 1 Phase BG Voltage RMS
25 SRC 1 Phase CG Voltage RMS
26 SRC 1 Phase AG Voltage Magnitude
27 SRC 1 Phase AG Voltage Angle
28 SRC 1 Phase BG Voltage Magnitude
29 SRC 1 Phase BG Voltage Angle
30 SRC 1 Phase CG Voltage Magnitude
31 SRC 1 Phase CG Voltage Angle
32 SRC 1 Phase AB Voltage RMS
33 SRC 1 Phase BC Voltage RMS
34 SRC 1 Phase CA Voltage RMS
35 SRC 1 Phase AB Voltage Magnitude
36 SRC 1 Phase AB Voltage Angle
37 SRC 1 Phase BC Voltage Magnitude
38 SRC 1 Phase BC Voltage Angle
39 SRC 1 Phase CA Voltage Magnitude
40 SRC 1 Phase CA Voltage Angle
41 SRC 1 Auxiliary Voltage RMS
42 SRC 1 Auxiliary Voltage Magnitude
43 SRC 1 Auxiliary Voltage Angle
44 SRC 1 Zero Sequence Voltage Magnitude
45 SRC 1 Zero Sequence Voltage Angle
46 SRC 1 Positive Sequence Voltage Magnitude

E-16 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX E E.3 DNP POINT LISTS

Table E–6: ANALOG INPUT POINTS (Sheet 2 of 4)

POINT DESCRIPTION
47 SRC 1 Positive Sequence Voltage Angle
48 SRC 1 Negative Sequence Voltage Magnitude
49 SRC 1 Negative Sequence Voltage Angle
50 SRC 1 Three Phase Real Power
51 SRC 1 Phase A Real Power
52 SRC 1 Phase B Real Power
53 SRC 1 Phase C Real Power
54 SRC 1 Three Phase Reactive Power
55 SRC 1 Phase A Reactive Power
56 SRC 1 Phase B Reactive Power
57 SRC 1 Phase C Reactive Power
58 SRC 1 Three Phase Apparent Power
59 SRC 1 Phase A Apparent Power
60 SRC 1 Phase B Apparent Power
61 SRC 1 Phase C Apparent Power
62 SRC 1 Three Phase Power Factor
63 SRC 1 Phase A Power Factor
64 SRC 1 Phase B Power Factor
65 SRC 1 Phase C Power Factor
66 SRC 1 Frequency
67 SRC 2 Phase A Current RMS E
68 SRC 2 Phase B Current RMS
69 SRC 2 Phase C Current RMS
70 SRC 2 Neutral Current RMS
71 SRC 2 Phase A Current Magnitude
72 SRC 2 Phase A Current Angle
73 SRC 2 Phase B Current Magnitude
74 SRC 2 Phase B Current Angle
75 SRC 2 Phase C Current Magnitude
76 SRC 2 Phase C Current Angle
77 SRC 2 Neutral Current Magnitude
78 SRC 2 Neutral Current Angle
79 SRC 2 Ground Current RMS
80 SRC 2 Ground Current Magnitude
81 SRC 2 Ground Current Angle
82 SRC 2 Zero Sequence Current Magnitude
83 SRC 2 Zero Sequence Current Angle
84 SRC 2 Positive Sequence Current Magnitude
85 SRC 2 Positive Sequence Current Angle
86 SRC 2 Negative Sequence Current Magnitude
87 SRC 2 Negative Sequence Current Angle
88 SRC 2 Differential Ground Current Magnitude
89 SRC 2 Differential Ground Current Angle
90 SRC 2 Phase AG Voltage RMS
91 SRC 2 Phase BG Voltage RMS
92 SRC 2 Phase CG Voltage RMS
93 SRC 2 Phase AG Voltage Magnitude

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay E-17

 E.3 DNP POINT LISTS APPENDIX E

Table E–6: ANALOG INPUT POINTS (Sheet 3 of 4)

POINT DESCRIPTION
94 SRC 2 Phase AG Voltage Angle
95 SRC 2 Phase BG Voltage Magnitude
96 SRC 2 Phase BG Voltage Angle
97 SRC 2 Phase CG Voltage Magnitude
98 SRC 2 Phase CG Voltage Angle
99 SRC 2 Phase AB Voltage RMS
100 SRC 2 Phase BC Voltage RMS
101 SRC 2 Phase CA Voltage RMS
102 SRC 2 Phase AB Voltage Magnitude
103 SRC 2 Phase AB Voltage Angle
104 SRC 2 Phase BC Voltage Magnitude
105 SRC 2 Phase BC Voltage Angle
106 SRC 2 Phase CA Voltage Magnitude
107 SRC 2 Phase CA Voltage Angle
108 SRC 2 Auxiliary Voltage RMS
109 SRC 2 Auxiliary Voltage Magnitude
110 SRC 2 Auxiliary Voltage Angle
111 SRC 2 Zero Sequence Voltage Magnitude
112 SRC 2 Zero Sequence Voltage Angle

E 113
114
SRC 2 Positive Sequence Voltage Magnitude
SRC 2 Positive Sequence Voltage Angle
115 SRC 2 Negative Sequence Voltage Magnitude
116 SRC 2 Negative Sequence Voltage Angle
117 SRC 2 Three Phase Real Power
118 SRC 2 Phase A Real Power
119 SRC 2 Phase B Real Power
120 SRC 2 Phase C Real Power
121 SRC 2 Three Phase Reactive Power
122 SRC 2 Phase A Reactive Power
123 SRC 2 Phase B Reactive Power
124 SRC 2 Phase C Reactive Power
125 SRC 2 Three Phase Apparent Power
126 SRC 2 Phase A Apparent Power
127 SRC 2 Phase B Apparent Power
128 SRC 2 Phase C Apparent Power
129 SRC 2 Three Phase Power Factor
130 SRC 2 Phase A Power Factor
131 SRC 2 Phase B Power Factor
132 SRC 2 Phase C Power Factor
133 SRC 2 Frequency
134 Breaker 1 Arcing Amp Phase A
135 Breaker 1 Arcing Amp Phase B
136 Breaker 1 Arcing Amp Phase C
137 Breaker 2 Arcing Amp Phase A
138 Breaker 2 Arcing Amp Phase B
139 Breaker 2 Arcing Amp Phase C
140 Synchrocheck 1 Delta Voltage

E-18 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX E E.3 DNP POINT LISTS

Table E–6: ANALOG INPUT POINTS (Sheet 4 of 4)

POINT DESCRIPTION
141 Synchrocheck 1 Delta Frequency
142 Synchrocheck 1 Delta Phase
143 Synchrocheck 2 Delta Voltage
144 Synchrocheck 2 Delta Frequency
145 Synchrocheck 2 Delta Phase
146 Tracking Frequency
147 FlexElement 1 Actual
148 FlexElement 2 Actual
149 FlexElement 3 Actual
150 FlexElement 4 Actual
151 FlexElement 5 Actual
152 FlexElement 6 Actual
153 FlexElement 7 Actual
154 FlexElement 8 Actual
155 Current Setting Group

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay E-19

 E.3 DNP POINT LISTS APPENDIX E

E-20 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX F F.1 CHANGE NOTES

APPENDIX F REVISIONSF.1CHANGE NOTES F.1.1 REVISION HISTORY

Table F–1: REVISION HISTORY

MANUAL P/N D60 REVISION RELEASE DATE ECO
1601-0089-0.1 1.5X (BETA) 23 August 1999 N/A
1601-0089-A1 2.0X 17 December 1999 N/A
1601-0089-A2 2.0X 14 January 2000 URD-001
1601-0089-A3 2.2X 12 May 2000 URD-002
1601-0089-A4 2.2X 14 June 2000 URD-003
1601-0089-A4a 2.2X 28 June 2000 URD-003a
1601-0089-B1 2.4X 08 September 2000 URD-004
1601-0089-B2 2.4X 03 November 2000 URD-005
1601-0089-B3 2.6X 08 March 2001 URD-006
1601-0089-B4 2.8X 27 September 2001 URD-007
1601-0089-B5 2.9X 03 December 2001 URD-008
1601-0089-B6 2.9X 07 January 2002 URD-009
1601-0089-C1 3.0X 02 July 2002 URD-010
1601-0089-C2 3.1X 30 August 2002 URD-012
1601-0089-C3 3.0X 18 November 2002 URD-016
1601-0089-C4 3.1X 18 November 2002 URD-017

F.1.2 CHANGES TO D60 MANUAL

Table F–2: MAJOR UPDATES FOR D60 MANUAL REVISION C4

PAGE PAGE CHANGE DESCRIPTION
(C2)
Title
(C4)
Title Update Manual part number to 1601-0089-C4.
F
2-4 2-4 Update Updated ORDER CODES table to remove the 63 and 64 Digital I/O options
2-6 2-6 Update Updated ORDER CODES FOR REPLACEMENT MODULES table to remove the 63 and 64
Digital I/O options.

3-11 3-11 Update Updated DIGITAL I/O MODULE ASSIGNMENTS table to remove the 64 and 64 modules.
3-13 3-13 Update Updated the DIGITAL I/O MODULE WIRING diagram to 827719CT.

5-158 5-158 Update Updated VTFF LOGIC diagram to version 827093AD.

Table F–3: MAJOR UPDATES FOR D60 MANUAL REVISION C2 (Sheet 1 of 2)

PAGE PAGE CHANGE DESCRIPTION
(C1) (C2)
Title Title Update Manual part number from C1 to C2

5-34 5-34 Update Updated DISTURBANCE DETECTOR LOGIC diagram to 827092A3

5-48 5-48 Add Added LINE PICKUP RCL TRIP FlexLogic™ operand to FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS table
5-67 5-67 Update Updated LINE PICKUP description
5-68 5-68 Update Updated LINE PICKUP LOGIC diagram to 837000A8
5-75 5-75 Update Updated PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 1 OP SCHEME logic diagram to 837017A6
5-81 5-81 Update Updated GROUND DISTANCE Z1 TO Z4 SCHEME LOGIC diagram to 837011AC
5-82 5-82 Update Updated GROUND DISTANCE Z1 OP SCHEME logic diagram to 837018A5
5-105 5-105 Update Updated NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL description

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay F-1

 F.1 CHANGE NOTES APPENDIX F

Table F–3: MAJOR UPDATES FOR D60 MANUAL REVISION C2 (Sheet 2 of 2)

PAGE PAGE CHANGE DESCRIPTION
(C1) (C2)
5-108 5-108 Update Updated NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL LOGIC diagram to 827077B1
5-144 5-144 Update Updated AUTORECLOSE section description
5-159 5-159 Update Updated description for OPEN POLE DETECTOR
5-160 5-160 Update Updated OPEN POLE DETECTOR LOGIC diagram to 837024A9
5-172 5-172 Update Updated HYBRID POTT SCHEME logic diagram to 837015AC
5-176 5-176 Update Updated DIRECTIONAL COMPARISON BLOCK SCHEME logic diagram to 837016AA

8-5 8-5 Update Updated MHO GROUND DISTANCE FUNCTIONS and QUAD GROUND DISTANCE
FUNCTIONS tables
8-22 8-22 Update Updated PHASE SELECTOR LOGIC diagram to 837027A2
8-26 8-26 Update Updated BLOCKING SCHEME TRIP TABLE FOR 4-BIT CHANNELS and PERMISSIVE
SCHEME TRIP TABLE FOR 4-BIT CHANNELS for additional fault types

10- --- Remove Removed COMMISSIONING setpoints tables; will be available online only

Table F–4: MAJOR UPDATES FOR D60 MANUAL REVISION C1

PAGE PAGE CHANGE DESCRIPTION
(B6) (C1)
Title Title Update Manual part number from B6 to C1

2-2 2-2 Update Updated SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM from 837709AD to 837709AE
2-2 2-2 Update Updated OTHER DEVICE FUNCTIONS table to include User-Programmable Pushbuttons, Non-
Volatile Latches, Direct I/O, and SNTP Communications
2-3 2-3 Update Updated ORDER CODES table to include Inter-Relay Communications option
2-6 2-6 Add Added specifications for USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS and NON-VOLATILE
LATCHES
2-12 2-13 Add Added specifications for INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS

F 3-11 3-11 Update Updated DIGITAL I/O MODULE ASSIGNMENTS table to include 63 and 64 modules
3-13 3-13 Update Updated DIGITAL I/O MODULE WIRING diagram from 827719CR to 827719CS
3-20 3-20 Add Added DIRECT I/O COMMUNICATIONS section

5-8 5-8 Update Updated DISPLAY PROPERTIES section to reflect new setpoints
5-9 5-9 Update Updated COMMUNICATIONS section to reflect new SNTP setpoints
5-20 5-22 Add Added USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS section
5-22 5-26 Add Added DIRECT I/O section
5-31 5-39 Update Updated FLEXCURVES™ section to include information on recloser curves
5-34 5-48 Update Updated FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS table to include new features
5-50 5-65 Add Added NON-VOLATILE LATCHES section
5-171 5-185 Add Added DIRECT I/O section

6-5 6-6 Add Added DIRECT INPUTS and DIRECT DEVICES STATUS sections

10- 10- Update Updated COMMISSIONING chapter to reflect new features

B-8 B-8 Update Updated MODBUS MEMORY MAP to reflect new firmware 3.0x features

F-2 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX F F.2 ABBREVIATIONS

F.2ABBREVIATIONS F.2.1 STANDARD ABBREVIATIONS

A..................... ampere GNTR..............generator

AC .................. alternating current GOOSE...........general object oriented substation event
A/D ................. analog to digital
AE .................. accidental energization HARM .............harmonic / harmonics
AE .................. application entity HGF ................high-impedance ground fault (CT)
AMP ............... ampere HIZ ..................high-impedance & arcing ground
ANSI............... American National Standards Institute HMI .................human-machine interface
AR .................. automatic reclosure HYB ................hybrid
AUTO ............. automatic
AUX................ auxiliary I.......................instantaneous
AVG................ average I_0...................zero sequence current
I_1...................positive sequence current
BER................ bit error rate I_2...................negative sequence current
BF................... breaker fail IA ....................phase A current
BFI.................. breaker failure initiate IAB ..................phase A minus B current
BKR................ breaker IB ....................phase B current
BLK ................ block IBC..................phase B minus C current
BLKG.............. blocking IC ....................phase C current
BPNT.............. breakpoint of a characteristic ICA..................phase C minus A current
ID ....................identification
IEEE................Institute of Electrical & Electronic Engineers
CAP................ capacitor IG ....................ground (not residual) current
CC .................. coupling capacitor Igd...................differential ground current
CCVT ............. coupling capacitor voltage transformer IN ....................CT residual current (3Io) or input
CFG................ configure / configurable INC SEQ .........incomplete sequence
.CFG............... file name extension for oscillography files INIT .................initiate
CHK................ check INST................instantaneous
CHNL ............. channel INV..................inverse
CLS ................ close I/O ...................input/output
CLSD.............. closed IOC .................instantaneous overcurrent
CMND ............ command IOV..................instantaneous overvoltage
CMPRSN........ comparison IRIG ................inter-range instrumentation group
CO.................. contact output IUV..................instantaneous undervoltage
COM............... communication
COMM............ communications K0 ...................zero sequence current compensation
COMP ............ compensated kA....................kiloAmpere
CONN............. connection kV....................kiloVolt
CO-ORD......... coordination
CPU................ central processing unit LED.................light emitting diode
CRC ............... cyclic redundancy code LEO.................line end open
CRT, CRNT .... current LOOP..............loopback
CT .................. current transformer
CVT ................ capacitive voltage transformer
LPU.................line pickup
LRA.................locked-rotor current
F
LTC .................load tap-changer
D/A ................. digital to analog
DC (dc)........... direct current M.....................machine
DD .................. disturbance detector mA ..................milliAmpere
DFLT .............. default MAN................manual / manually
DGNST........... diagnostics MMI.................man machine interface
DI.................... digital input MMS ...............Manufacturing Message Specification
DIFF ............... differential MSG................message
DIR ................. directional MTA ................maximum torque angle
DISCREP ....... discrepancy MTR ................motor
DIST ............... distance MVA ................MegaVolt-Ampere (total 3-phase)
DMD ............... demand MVA_A............MegaVolt-Ampere (phase A)
DPO ............... dropout MVA_B............MegaVolt-Ampere (phase B)
DSP................ digital signal processor MVA_C............MegaVolt-Ampere (phase C)
DTT ................ direct transfer trip MVAR..............MegaVar (total 3-phase)
DUTT.............. direct under-reaching transfer trip MVAR_A .........MegaVar (phase A)
MVAR_B .........MegaVar (phase B)
EPRI............... Electric Power Research Institute MVAR_C .........MegaVar (phase C)
.EVT ............... file name extension for event recorder files MVARH ...........MegaVar-Hour
EXT ................ extension MW .................MegaWatt (total 3-phase)
MW_A .............MegaWatt (phase A)
F ..................... field MW_B .............MegaWatt (phase B)
FAIL................ failure MW_C.............MegaWatt (phase C)
FD .................. fault detector MWH...............MegaWatt-Hour
FDH................ fault detector high-set
FDL ................ fault detector low-set N .....................neutral
FLA................. full load current N/A, n/a...........not applicable
FO .................. fiber optic NEG ................negative
FREQ ............. frequency NMPLT............nameplate
FSK ................ frequency-shift keying NOM ...............nominal
FWD ............... forward NTR ................neutral

G .................... generator O .....................over

GE .................. General Electric OC, O/C ..........overcurrent
GND ............... ground O/P, Op ...........output

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay F-3

 F.2 ABBREVIATIONS APPENDIX F

OP .................. operate SUPN............. supervision

OPER ............. operate SUPV ............. supervise / supervision
OPERATG ...... operating SV .................. supervision
O/S ................. operating system SYNCHCHK... synchrocheck
OSB................ out-of-step blocking
OUT................ output T..................... time, transformer
OV .................. overvoltage TC .................. thermal capacity
OVERFREQ ... overfrequency TD MULT........ time dial multiplier
OVLD ............. overload TEMP............. temperature
THD ............... total harmonic distortion
P..................... phase TOC ............... time overcurrent
PC .................. phase comparison, personal computer TOV................ time overvoltage
PCNT ............. percent TRANS........... transient
PF................... power factor (total 3-phase) TRANSF ........ transfer
PF_A .............. power factor (phase A) TSEL.............. transport selector
PF_B .............. power factor (phase B) TUC ............... time undercurrent
PF_C .............. power factor (phase C) TUV................ time undervoltage
PFLL............... phase and frequency lock loop TX (Tx)........... transmit, transmitter
PHS................ phase
PKP ................ pickup U .................... under
PLC ................ power line carrier UC.................. undercurrent
POS................ positive UCA ............... Utility Communications Architecture
POTT.............. permissive over-reaching transfer trip UNBAL........... unbalance
PRESS ........... pressure UR.................. universal relay
PROT ............. protection .URS .............. file name extension for settings files
PSEL .............. presentation selector UV.................. undervoltage
pu ................... per unit
PUIB............... pickup current block V/Hz ............... Volts per Hertz
PUIT ............... pickup current trip V_0 ................ zero sequence voltage
PUTT.............. permissive under-reaching transfer trip V_1 ................ positive sequence voltage
PWM .............. pulse width modulated V_2 ................ negative sequence voltage
PWR............... power VA .................. phase A voltage
VAB ................ phase A to B voltage
R..................... rate, reverse VAG................ phase A to ground voltage
REM ............... remote VARH ............. var-hour voltage
REV................ reverse VB .................. phase B voltage
RI.................... reclose initiate VBA................ phase B to A voltage
RIP ................. reclose in progress VBG ............... phase B to ground voltage
ROD ............... remote open detector VC.................. phase C voltage
RST ................ reset VCA ............... phase C to A voltage
RSTR ............. restrained VCG ............... phase C to ground voltage
RTD ................ resistance temperature detector VF .................. variable frequency
RTU ................ remote terminal unit VIBR .............. vibration

F RX (Rx) .......... receive, receiver

s ..................... second
VT .................. voltage transformer
VTFF.............. voltage transformer fuse failure
VTLOS ........... voltage transformer loss of signal
S..................... sensitive
SAT ................ CT saturation WDG .............. winding
SBO................ select before operate WH................. Watt-hour
SEL ................ select / selector / selection w/ opt ............. with option
SENS ............. sensitive WRT............... with respect to
SEQ................ sequence
SIR ................. source impedance ratio X .................... reactance
SRC................ source XDUCER........ transducer
SSB ................ single side band XFMR............. transformer
SSEL .............. session selector
STATS ............ statistics Z..................... impedance

F-4 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 APPENDIX F F.3 WARRANTY

F.3WARRANTY F.3.1 GE MULTILIN WARRANTY

GE MULTILIN RELAY WARRANTY

General Electric Multilin Inc. (GE Multilin) warrants each relay it manufactures to be free from
defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service for a period of 24 months from
date of shipment from factory.

In the event of a failure covered by warranty, GE Multilin will undertake to repair or replace the
relay providing the warrantor determined that it is defective and it is returned with all transporta-
tion charges prepaid to an authorized service centre or the factory. Repairs or replacement under
warranty will be made without charge.

Warranty shall not apply to any relay which has been subject to misuse, negligence, accident,
incorrect installation or use not in accordance with instructions nor any unit that has been altered
outside a GE Multilin authorized factory outlet.

GE Multilin is not liable for special, indirect or consequential damages or for loss of profit or for
F
expenses sustained as a result of a relay malfunction, incorrect application or adjustment.

For complete text of Warranty (including limitations and disclaimers), refer to GE Multilin Standard
Conditions of Sale.

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay F-5

 F.3 WARRANTY APPENDIX F

F-6 D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 INDEX

INDEX

Numerics B
10BASE-F BANKS ............................................................ 5-5, 5-31, 5-32
communications options ................................................. 3-17 BATTERY FAIL .................................................................. 7-4
description .................................................................... 3-19 BATTERY TAB ................................................................. 1-10
interface ........................................................................ 3-29 BINARY INPUT POINTS .................................................... E-8
redundant option ........................................................... 3-17 BINARY OUTPUT POINTS ............................................... E-13
settings ......................................................................... 5-10 BLOCK DIAGRAM .............................................................. 1-3
specifications ................................................................ 2-13 BLOCK SETTING ............................................................... 5-4
BLOCKING SCHEME
application of settings ...................................................... 9-6
FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-48
A logic ............................................................................ 5-176
settings ............................................................ 5-173, 5-174
ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................... F-3
BREAKER ARCING
AC CURRENT INPUTS ..................................... 2-11, 3-9, 5-31
FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-48
AC VOLTAGE INPUTS .............................................. 2-11, 3-9
BREAKER ARCING CURRENT
ACTIVATING THE RELAY ........................................1-10, 4-13
clearing ........................................................................... 7-2
ACTIVE SETTING GROUP ............................................... 5-66
logic ............................................................................ 5-157
ACTUAL VALUES
measurement ............................................................... 5-157
maintenance ................................................................. 6-17
Modbus ........................................................................ B-13
metering .......................................................................... 6-7
Modbus registers .......................................................... B-30
product information ........................................................ 6-18
settings ....................................................................... 5-156
records ......................................................................... 6-14
BREAKER CONTROL
status .............................................................................. 6-3
actual values ................................................................. 6-17
ALARM LEDs ................................................................... 5-21
control of 2 breakers ........................................................ 4-9
ALTITUDE ....................................................................... 2-13
description ....................................................................... 4-9
ANSI DEVICE NUMBERS ................................................... 2-2
dual breaker logic .......................................................... 5-38
APPARENT POWER ................................................2-11, 6-11
FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-48
APPLICATION EXAMPLES
Modbus ........................................................................ B-19
breaker trip circuit integrity .......................................... 5-153
settings ......................................................................... 5-37
contact inputs .............................................................. 5-178
BREAKER FAILURE
pilot schemes .................................................................. 9-4
description ................................................................... 5-117
series compensated lines ........................................ 8-16, 9-7
determination ............................................................... 5-118
stepped distance scheme ................................................. 9-2
FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-48
APPROVALS ................................................................... 2-14
logic ............................................ 5-121, 5-122, 5-123, 5-124
ARCHITECTURE ............................................................. 5-46
main path sequence ..................................................... 5-118
ARCING CURRENT ....................................................... 5-156
settings ............................................................ 5-116, 5-119
AUTORECLOSE
specifications ................................................................... 2-9
actual values ................................................................... 6-4
BREAKER-AND-A-HALF SCHEME ...................................... 5-5
description .................................................................. 5-141
BRIGHTNESS .................................................................... 5-8
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-48
logic ....................................................... 5-147, 5-148, 5-149
Modbus ......................................................................... B-13
Modbus registers ........................................................... B-26 C
sequence .................................................................... 5-150
settings ................... 5-140, 5-142, 5-143, 5-144, 5-145, 5-146 CE APPROVALS .............................................................. 2-14
specifications .................................................................. 2-9 CHANGES TO D60 MANUAL ..............................................F-1
AUXILIARY OVERVOLTAGE CHANGES TO MANUAL ............................................. F-1, F-2
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-48 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION .......................................... 3-21
logic ............................................................................ 5-131 CHANNELS
Modbus registers ........................................................... B-32 banks ................................................................... 5-31, 5-32
settings ....................................................................... 5-131 CIRCUIT MONITORING APPLICATIONS ......................... 5-152
specifications .................................................................. 2-9 CLEANING ....................................................................... 2-14
AUXILIARY UNDERVOLTAGE CLEAR RECORDS ............................................................. 7-2
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-48 CLOCK
logic ............................................................................ 5-130 Modbus ........................................................................ B-17
Modbus registers ........................................................... B-32 setting date and time ........................................................ 7-2
settings ....................................................................... 5-130 settings ......................................................................... 5-17
specifications .................................................................. 2-9 COMMANDS MENU ............................................................ 7-1
AUXILIARY VOLTAGE CHANNEL ....................................... 3-9 COMMUNICATIONS
AUXILIARY VOLTAGE METERING ................................... 6-11 10BASE-F ................................................... 3-17, 3-19, 5-10
INDEX

channel ......................................................................... 3-21

connecting to the UR ................................................. 1-6, 1-7
CRC-16 error checking .................................................... B-3
DNP .............................................................................. 5-11

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay i

 INDEX

dnp ........................................................................ 5-16, E-1

G.703 ............................................................................ 3-24 D
half duplex...................................................................... B-1
HTTP ............................................................................ 5-14 DATA FORMATS, MODBUS ............................................. B-45
IEC 60870-5-104 protocol .............................................. 5-15 DATA LOGGER
inter-relay communications ............................................. 2-13 clearing ........................................................................... 7-2
Modbus ......................................... 5-11, 5-16, B-1, B-4, B-16 Modbus .................................................. B-7, B-8, B-11, B-17
network ......................................................................... 5-10 settings ..........................................................................5-20
overview .......................................................................... 1-8 specifications .................................................................2-11
RS232 ........................................................................... 3-17 DATE ................................................................................ 7-2
RS485 ........................................................... 3-17, 3-18, 5-9 DCMA INPUTS .................................................................6-13
settings ............................... 5-9, 5-10, 5-11, 5-13, 5-15, 5-16 settings ........................................................................ 5-188
specifications................................................................. 2-13 specifications .................................................................2-12
TFTP ............................................................................. 5-14 DEFINITE TIME CURVE ........................................ 5-95, 5-125
UCA/MMS ........... 5-13, 5-37, 5-179, 5-181, 5-182, 5-183, C-1 DESIGN ............................................................................ 1-3
web server..................................................................... 5-14 DEVICE ID ..................................................................... 5-181
COMTRADE ............................................................... B-7, B-8 DEVICE PROFILE DOCUMENT .......................................... E-1
CONDUCTED RFI ............................................................ 2-14 DIELECTRIC STRENGTH ..........................................2-14, 3-7
CONTACT INFORMATION .................................................. 1-1 DIGITAL COUNTER
CONTACT INPUTS FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-49
actual values ................................................................... 6-3 DIGITAL COUNTERS
dry connections ............................................................. 3-15 actual values ................................................................... 6-5
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-52 logic ............................................................................ 5-155
Modbus ................................................................B-10, B-13 Modbus ......................................................................... B-10
Modbus registers ..................................................B-35, B-37 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-35
module assignments ...................................................... 3-11 settings ........................................................................ 5-154
settings ....................................................................... 5-177 DIGITAL ELEMENT
specifications................................................................. 2-11 FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-49
thresholds ................................................................... 5-177 DIGITAL ELEMENTS
wet connections ............................................................. 3-15 application example ...................................................... 5-152
wiring ............................................................................ 3-13 logic ............................................................................ 5-151
CONTACT OUTPUTS Modbus registers ........................................................... B-34
actual values ................................................................... 6-4 settings ........................................................................ 5-151
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-53 DIGITAL INPUTS
Modbus ................................................................B-10, B-13 see entry for CONTACT INPUTS
Modbus registers ...........................................................B-39 DIGITAL OUTPUTS
module assignments ...................................................... 3-11 see entry for CONTACT OUTPUTS
settings ....................................................................... 5-180 DIMENSIONS .................................................................... 3-1
wiring ............................................................................ 3-13 DIRECT DEVICES
CONTROL ELEMENTS ................................................... 5-132 actual values ................................................................... 6-6
CONTROL POWER Modbus ......................................................................... B-15
description....................................................................... 3-8 DIRECT I/O
specifications................................................................. 2-12 configuration examples ...................................................5-26
COUNTERS see entries for DIRECT INPUTS and DIRECT OUTPUTS
actual values ................................................................... 6-5 settngs...........................................................................5-26
settings ....................................................................... 5-154 DIRECT INPUTS
CRC-16 ALGORITHM ........................................................ B-3 actual values ................................................................... 6-6
CRITICAL FAILURE RELAY ....................................... 2-12, 3-8 Modbus ................................................................ B-11, B-15
CSA APPROVAL .............................................................. 2-14 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-40
CT BANKS DIRECT OUTPUTS
settings ......................................................................... 5-31 Modbus ......................................................................... B-11
CT INPUTS ............................................................... 5-5, 5-31 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-41
CT WIRING ........................................................................ 3-9 DIRECT UNDERREACH TRANSER TRIP
CURRENT BANK ............................................................. 5-31 see entry for DUTT
CURRENT ELEMENTS ..................................................... 5-90 DIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC ..................................... 8-3
CURRENT METERING DIRECTIONAL COMPARISON BLOCKING
actual values ................................................................. 6-10 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-26
Modbus .........................................................................B-11 see BLOCKING SCHEME
specifications................................................................. 2-11 DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT
CURVES see PHASE, GROUND, and NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL entries
definite time........................................................ 5-95, 5-125 DIRECTIONAL POLARIZATION ...................................... 5-100
FlexCurves™ ........................................................ 5-39, 5-95 DISPLAY .....................................................1-8, 4-8, 5-8, B-16
I2T ................................................................................ 5-95 DISTANCE
IAC ............................................................................... 5-94 analysis of elements ........................................................ 8-7
INDEX

IEC ............................................................................... 5-93 characteristics ................................................................. 8-2

IEEE ............................................................................. 5-92 ground ....................................................................2-7, 5-77
inverse time undervoltage ............................................ 5-125 mho characteristic ................................................. 5-71, 5-72
types ............................................................................. 5-91 phase .....................................................................2-6, 5-70

ii D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 INDEX

quad characteristic ................................................5-71, 5-72 specifications ................................................................. 2-11

settings ......................................................................... 5-69 FAULT REPORT
stepped distance ............................................................. 9-2 actual values ................................................................. 6-14
DISTURBANCE DETECTOR clearing ........................................................................... 7-2
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-49 Modbus ........................................................ B-8, B-14, B-17
internal ......................................................................... 5-34 settings ......................................................................... 5-17
DNA-1 BIT PAIR ............................................................ 5-183 FAULT TYPE .................................................................... 6-14
DNP COMMUNICATIONS FAX NUMBERS .................................................................. 1-1
binary counters ............................................................. E-14 FEATURES ........................................................................ 2-1
binary input points ........................................................... E-8 FIBER .............................................................................. 3-22
binary output points ....................................................... E-13 FIBER-LASER TRANSMITTERS ....................................... 3-22
control relay output blocks ............................................. E-13 FIRMWARE REVISION ..................................................... 6-18
device profile document ................................................... E-1 FIRMWARE UPGRADES .................................................... 4-2
frozen counters ............................................................. E-14 FLASH MESSAGES ............................................................ 5-8
implementation table ....................................................... E-4 FLEX STATE PARAMETERS
Modbus ......................................................................... B-16 actual values ................................................................... 6-5
settings ......................................................................... 5-11 Modbus ............................................................... B-10, B-13
user map ....................................................................... 5-13 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-33
DUPLEX, HALF .................................................................. B-1 settings ......................................................................... 5-24
DUTT specifications ................................................................. 2-10
application of settings ...................................................... 9-4 FLEXCURVES™
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-49 equation ........................................................................ 5-95
logic ............................................................................ 5-162 Modbus ........................................................................ B-20
Modbus registers ........................................................... B-25 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-34
settings ....................................................................... 5-161 settings ......................................................................... 5-39
DYNAMIC REACH CONTROL ........................................... 8-17 specifications ................................................................. 2-10
table .............................................................................. 5-39
FLEXELEMENTS™
actual values ................................................................. 6-13
E direction ........................................................................ 5-63
FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-49
ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE ....................................... 2-14
hysteresis ...................................................................... 5-63
ELEMENTS ....................................................................... 5-3
Modbus registers .......................................................... B-33
EQUATIONS
pickup ........................................................................... 5-63
definite time curve ............................................... 5-95, 5-125
scheme logic ................................................................. 5-62
FlexCurve™ .................................................................. 5-95
settings ....................................................... 5-61, 5-62, 5-64
I²t curves ....................................................................... 5-95
specifications ................................................................. 2-10
IAC curves .................................................................... 5-94
FLEXLOGIC™
IEC curves .................................................................... 5-93
editing with URPC ............................................................ 4-1
IEEE curves .................................................................. 5-92
equation editor ............................................................... 5-60
ETHERNET
evaluation ...................................................................... 5-55
actual values ................................................................... 6-5
example ............................................................... 5-46, 5-55
configuration ................................................................... 1-6
example equation ......................................................... 5-132
Modbus ......................................................................... B-11
gate characteristics ........................................................ 5-54
settings ......................................................................... 5-10
operands .............................................................. 5-47, 5-48
specifications ................................................................ 2-13
operators ....................................................................... 5-54
EVENT CAUSE INDICATORS ............................................. 4-5
rules .............................................................................. 5-55
EVENT RECORDER
specifications ................................................................. 2-10
actual values ................................................................. 6-16
timers ............................................................................ 5-60
clearing ........................................................................... 7-2
worksheet ...................................................................... 5-57
Modbus .................................................................. B-8, B-14
FLEXLOGIC™ EQUATION EDITOR .................................. 5-60
specifications ................................................................ 2-11
FLEXLOGIC™ TIMERS .................................................... 5-60
with URPC ...................................................................... 4-2
Modbus ........................................................................ B-20
EVENTS SETTING ............................................................. 5-4
FORCE CONTACT INPUTS ................................... 5-190, B-40
EXCEPTION RESPONSES ................................................. B-6
FORCE CONTACT OUTPUTS ................................ 5-190, B-40
FORCE TRIGGER ............................................................ 6-16
FORM-A RELAY
F high impedance circuits .................................................. 3-11
outputs ........................................................ 3-10, 3-11, 3-15
F485 ................................................................................. 1-8 specifications ................................................................. 2-12
FACEPLATE ...................................................................... 3-1 FORM-C RELAY
FACEPLATE PANELS ................................................. 4-4, 4-7 outputs ................................................................. 3-10, 3-15
FAST FORM-C RELAY ..................................................... 2-12 specifications ................................................................. 2-12
FAST TRANSIENT TESTING ............................................ 2-14 FREQUENCY
INDEX

FAULT LOCATOR actual values ................................................................. 6-12

logic .............................................................................. 6-15 settings ......................................................................... 5-33
Modbus ......................................................................... B-13 FREQUENCY METERING
operation ....................................................................... 6-14 Modbus ........................................................................ B-13

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay iii

 INDEX

Modbus registers ...........................................................B-32 settings ..........................................................................5-15

specifications................................................................. 2-11 IEC CURVES ....................................................................5-93
values ........................................................................... 6-12 IED ................................................................................... 1-2
FREQUENCY TRACKING ................................................. 5-33 IEEE CURVES ..................................................................5-92
FREQUENCY, NOMINAL .................................................. 5-32 IMPORTANT CONCEPTS .................................................. 1-4
FUNCTION SETTING ......................................................... 5-4 IN SERVICE INDICATOR ...........................................1-10, 7-3
FUSE ............................................................................... 2-12 INPUTS
FUSE FAILURE AC current ............................................................ 2-11, 5-31
see VT FUSE FAILURE AC voltage ............................................................ 2-11, 5-32
contact inputs .................................. 2-11, 3-13, 5-177, 5-190
DCMA inputs ..................................................................2-12
dcmA inputs ........................................................ 3-16, 5-188
G IRIG-B .................................................................. 2-12, 3-19
remote inputs .................................................... 5-181, 5-182
G.703 .................................................... 3-23, 3-24, 3-25, 3-29
RTD inputs ................................................. 2-12, 3-16, 5-189
GE TYPE IAC CURVES .................................................... 5-94
virtual .......................................................................... 5-179
GOMSFE .......................................................................... C-1
INSPECTION CHECKLIST ................................................. 1-1
GOOSE ............... 5-14, 5-181, 5-182, 5-183, 5-184, 5-185, 6-5
INSTALLATION
GROUND CURRENT METERING ...................................... 6-10
communications .............................................................3-17
GROUND DIRECTIONAL SUPERVISION .......................... 5-82
contact inputs/outputs .................................. 3-11, 3-13, 3-14
GROUND DISTANCE
CT inputs ........................................................................ 3-9
application of settings ...................................................... 9-3
RS485 ...........................................................................3-18
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-49
settings ..........................................................................5-30
Modbus registers ...........................................................B-28
VT inputs ........................................................................ 3-9
op scheme ..................................................................... 5-82
INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT
scheme logic ........................................................ 5-80, 5-81
see PHASE, GROUND, and NEUTRAL IOC entries
settings ......................................................................... 5-77
INSULATION RESISTANCE ..............................................2-14
specifications................................................................... 2-7
INTELLIGENT ELECTRONIC DEVICE ................................ 1-2
GROUND INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT
INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS ..................................2-13
see entry for GROUND IOC
INTRODUCTION ................................................................ 1-2
GROUND IOC
INVERSE TIME UNDERVOLTAGE .................................. 5-125
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-49
IOC
logic ............................................................................ 5-110
see PHASE, GROUND, and NEUTRAL IOC entries
Modbus .........................................................................B-23
IP ADDRESS ....................................................................5-10
settings ....................................................................... 5-110
IRIG-B
specifications................................................................... 2-8
connection .....................................................................3-19
GROUND TIME OVERCURRENT
Modbus ......................................................................... B-17
see entry for GROUND TOC
settings ..........................................................................5-17
GROUND TOC
specifications .................................................................2-12
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-49
ISO-9000 REGISTRATION ................................................2-14
logic ............................................................................ 5-109
Modbus .........................................................................B-23
settings ....................................................................... 5-109
specifications................................................................... 2-8 K
GROUPED ELEMENTS .................................................... 5-66
KEYPAD ..................................................................... 1-9, 4-8

H
L
HALF-DUPLEX .................................................................. B-1
HTTP PROTOCOL ........................................................... 5-14 LAMPTEST ........................................................................ 7-2
HUMIDITY ....................................................................... 2-13 LASER .............................................................................3-22
HYBRID PERMISSIVE OVERREACH TRANSFER TRIP LED .................................................................................3-22
see entry for HYBRID POTT LED INDICATORS ....................................... 4-5, 4-6, 4-7, 5-21
HYBRID POTT LINE
application of settings ...................................................... 9-5 Modbus ......................................................................... B-19
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-49 pickup ............................................................................5-67
logic ............................................................................ 5-172 settings ..........................................................................5-35
Modbus registers ...........................................................B-26 LINE LENGTH ..................................................................5-35
settings .............................................................5-169, 5-171 LINE PICKUP
FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-50
logic ..............................................................................5-68
Modbus registers ........................................................... B-28
I settings ..........................................................................5-67
INDEX

specifications .................................................................. 2-8

I2T CURVES .................................................................... 5-95
LINK POWER BUDGET .....................................................2-13
IAC CURVES ................................................................... 5-94
LOAD ENCROACHMENT
IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL
FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-50
interoperability document ................................................ D-1

iv D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 INDEX

Modbus registers ........................................................... B-24

settings .................................................................5-88, 5-89 N
specifications ................................................................ 2-10
LOGIC GATES ................................................................. 5-54 NAMEPLATE ...................................................................... 1-1
LOST PASSWORD ............................................................ 5-7 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL OC
Modbus registers .......................................................... B-30
NEGATIVE SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT
characteristics ............................................................. 5-114
M FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-50
MAINTENANCE COMMANDS ............................................. 7-2 logic ............................................................................ 5-115
MANUFACTURING DATE ................................................. 6-18 settings ............................................................ 5-113, 5-115
MEMORY MAP DATA FORMATS ...................................... B-45 specifications ................................................................... 2-8
MEMORY POLARIZATION .......................................... 8-6, 9-1 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE IOC
MEMORY VOLTAGE LOGIC ............................................. 5-69 FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-50
MENU HEIRARCHY .................................................. 1-9, 4-10 logic ............................................................................ 5-112
MENU NAVIGATION ......................................... 1-9, 4-10, 4-11 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-23
METERING settings ....................................................................... 5-112
conventions .............................................................. 6-7, 6-8 specifications ................................................................... 2-8
current .......................................................................... 2-11 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERVOLTAGE
frequency ...................................................................... 2-11 FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-50
power ............................................................................ 2-11 logic ............................................................................ 5-129
METERING CONVENTIONS ............................................... 6-8 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-24
MHO DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC ......................... 5-71, 8-2 settings ....................................................................... 5-129
MIC ...................................................................................C-3 specifications ................................................................... 2-9
MMS NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TOC
see entry for UCA/MMS FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-50
MODBUS ........................................................................... B-8 logic ............................................................................ 5-111
data logger ...............................................................B-7, B-8 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-23
event recorder ................................................................. B-8 settings ....................................................................... 5-111
exception responses ........................................................ B-6 specifications ................................................................... 2-8
execute operation ............................................................ B-5 NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT
fault report ...................................................................... B-8 FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-50
flex state parameters ..................................................... 5-24 logic ............................................................................ 5-108
function code 03/04h ....................................................... B-4 polarization .................................................................. 5-106
function code 05h ............................................................ B-5 settings ....................................................................... 5-104
function code 06h ............................................................ B-5 specifications ................................................................... 2-8
function code 10h ............................................................ B-6 NEUTRAL INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT
introduction ..................................................................... B-1 see entry for NEUTRAL IOC
memory map data formats .............................................. B-45 NEUTRAL IOC
obtaining files .................................................................. B-7 FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-50
oscillography ................................................................... B-7 logic ............................................................................ 5-103
passwords ....................................................................... B-8 Modbus ........................................................................ B-22
read/write settings/actual values ...................................... B-4 settings ....................................................................... 5-103
settings .................................................................5-11, 5-16 specifications ................................................................... 2-8
store multiple settings ...................................................... B-6 NEUTRAL OVERVOLTAGE
store single setting .......................................................... B-5 FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-50
supported function codes ................................................. B-4 logic ............................................................................ 5-128
user map ....................................................................... 5-16 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-32
MODEL INFORMATION ................................................... 6-18 settings ....................................................................... 5-128
MODIFICATION FILE NUMBER ........................................ 6-18 specifications ................................................................... 2-9
MODULES NEUTRAL TIME OVERCURRENT
communications ............................................................ 3-17 see entry for NEUTRAL TOC
contact inputs/outputs ................................... 3-11, 3-13, 3-14 NEUTRAL TOC
CT .................................................................................. 3-9 FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-50
CT/VT ...................................................................... 3-9, 5-5 logic ............................................................................ 5-102
insertion .......................................................................... 3-4 Modbus ........................................................................ B-22
order codes ..................................................................... 2-5 settings ....................................................................... 5-102
ordering .......................................................................... 2-5 specifications ................................................................... 2-8
power supply ................................................................... 3-8 NON-VOLATILE LATCHES
transducer I/O ............................................................... 3-16 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-34
VT .................................................................................. 3-9 settings ......................................................................... 5-65
withdrawal ....................................................................... 3-4 specifications ................................................................. 2-10
MONITORING ELEMENTS ............................................. 5-156
MOUNTING ....................................................................... 3-1
INDEX

O
ONE SHOTS .................................................................... 5-54

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay v

 INDEX

OPEN POLE DETECTOR PHASE DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT

FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-50 FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-50
logic ............................................................................ 5-160 logic ............................................................................ 5-101
Modbus registers ...........................................................B-25 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-29
settings ....................................................................... 5-159 phase A polarization .......................................................5-99
specifications................................................................. 2-10 settings ............................................................... 5-99, 5-100
OPERATING TEMPERATURE .......................................... 2-13 specifications .................................................................. 2-8
OPERATING TIMES ........................................................... 2-6 PHASE DISTANCE
ORDER CODES ................................................. 2-4, 6-18, 7-2 application of settings ...................................................... 9-2
ORDER CODES, UPDATING .............................................. 7-2 FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-51
ORDERING ................................................................. 2-4, 2-5 logic ..............................................................................5-76
OSCILLATORY TRANSIENT TESTING ............................. 2-14 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-27
OSCILLOGRAPHY op scheme .....................................................................5-75
actual values ................................................................. 6-16 settings ..........................................................................5-70
clearing ........................................................................... 7-2 specifications .................................................................. 2-6
Modbus ........................................................ B-7, B-13, B-17 PHASE INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT
settings ......................................................................... 5-18 see entry for PHASE IOC
specifications................................................................. 2-11 PHASE IOC
with URPC ....................................................................... 4-2 FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-51
OST .......................................................................... 2-9, 5-84 logic ..............................................................................5-98
OUT-OF-STEP TRIPPING ......................................... 2-9, 5-84 Modbus ......................................................................... B-21
OUTPUTS specifications .................................................................. 2-8
contact outputs ........................................... 3-11, 3-13, 5-180 PHASE OVERVOLTAGE
control power ................................................................. 2-12 FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-51
critical failure relay ........................................................ 2-12 logic ............................................................................ 5-127
Fast Form-C relay .......................................................... 2-12 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-27
Form-A relay ....................................... 2-12, 3-10, 3-11, 3-15 settings ........................................................................ 5-127
Form-C relay ................................................2-12, 3-10, 3-15 specifications .................................................................. 2-9
remote outputs ..................................................5-183, 5-184 PHASE ROTATION ...........................................................5-33
virtual outputs .............................................................. 5-180 PHASE SELECT
OVERCURRENT CURVE TYPES ...................................... 5-91 FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-51
OVERCURRENT CURVES PHASE TIME OVERCURRENT
definite time................................................................... 5-95 see entry for PHASE TOC
FlexCurves™ ................................................................. 5-95 PHASE TOC
I2T ................................................................................ 5-95 FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-51
IAC ............................................................................... 5-94 logic ..............................................................................5-97
IEC ............................................................................... 5-93 Modbus ......................................................................... B-21
IEEE ............................................................................. 5-92 settings ..........................................................................5-96
OVERVOLTAGE specifications .................................................................. 2-8
auxiliary ............................................................... 2-9, 5-131 PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE
negative sequence ....................................................... 5-129 FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-52
negative-sequence ........................................................... 2-9 logic ............................................................................ 5-126
neutral .................................................................. 2-9, 5-128 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-27
phase ................................................................... 2-9, 5-127 settings ........................................................................ 5-126
specifications .................................................................. 2-9
PHASOR ESTIMATION ...................................................... 8-2
PHONE NUMBERS ............................................................ 1-1
P PICS ................................................................................. C-2
PILOT SCHEMES
PANEL CUTOUT ................................................................ 3-1
application of settings ...................................................... 9-4
PASSWORD SECURITY ..................................................... 5-7
blocking ....................................................................... 5-173
PASSWORDS
directional comparison blocking .................................... 5-173
changing ....................................................................... 4-13
DUTT ........................................................................... 5-161
lost password ......................................................... 4-14, 5-7
hybrid POTT ................................................................ 5-169
Modbus ................................................................. B-8, B-15
POTT ........................................................................... 5-165
overview ........................................................................ 1-10
PUTT ........................................................................... 5-163
security ........................................................................... 5-7
specifications .................................................................. 2-9
settings ........................................................................... 5-7
POTT
PC SOFTWARE
application of settings ...................................................... 9-4
see entry for URPC
FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-52
PERMISSIVE FUNCTIONS ............................................. 5-125
hybrid POTT ................................................................ 5-169
PERMISSIVE OVERREACH TRANSFER TRIP
logic ............................................................................ 5-168
see entry for POTT
Modbus registers ........................................................... B-25
PERMISSIVE UNDERREACH TRANSFER TRIP
settings ...................................................5-165, 5-166, 5-167
INDEX

see entry for PUTT

POWER METERING
PER-UNIT QUANTITY ........................................................ 5-3
Modbus ......................................................................... B-12
PHASE ANGLE METERING ................................................ 6-8
specifications .................................................................2-11
PHASE CURRENT METERING ......................................... 6-10
values ............................................................................6-11

vi D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 INDEX

POWER SUPPLY REMTOE OUTPUTS

description ...................................................................... 3-8 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-43
low range ...................................................................... 2-12 REPLACEMENT MODULES ................................................ 2-5
specifications ................................................................ 2-12 RESETTING .......................................................... 5-53, 5-184
POWER SWING BLOCKING ...................................... 2-9, 5-84 REVISION HISTORY ..........................................................F-1
POWER SWING DETECT RFI SUSCEPTIBILITY ...................................................... 2-14
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-52 RFI, CONDUCTED ........................................................... 2-14
logic ......................................................................5-86, 5-87 RMS CURRENT ............................................................... 2-11
Modbus registers ........................................................... B-24 RS232
settings .................................................................5-83, 5-85 configuration .................................................................... 1-6
specifications .................................................................. 2-9 specifications ................................................................. 2-13
PRODUCT INFORMATION ........................................ 6-18, B-9 wiring ............................................................................ 3-17
PRODUCT SETUP ............................................................. 5-7 RS422
PRODUCTION TESTS ..................................................... 2-14 configuration .................................................................. 3-26
PROTECTION ELEMENTS ................................................. 5-3 timing ............................................................................ 3-28
PU QUANTITY ................................................................... 5-3 two-channel application .................................................. 3-27
PUSHBUTTONS, USER-PROGRAMMABLE with fiber interface ......................................................... 3-29
see USER-PROGRAMMBLE PUSHBUTTONS RS485
PUTT communications ............................................................. 3-17
application of settings ...................................................... 9-4 description ..................................................................... 3-18
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-52 specifications ................................................................. 2-13
logic ............................................................................ 5-164 RTD INPUTS
Modbus registers ........................................................... B-25 actual values ................................................................. 6-13
settings ....................................................................... 5-163 settings ....................................................................... 5-189
specifications ................................................................. 2-12

Q
S
QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC ............... 5-71, 5-72, 8-5
SALES OFFICE .................................................................. 1-1
SCAN OPERATION ............................................................ 1-4
SELF-TESTS
R description ....................................................................... 7-3
error messages ................................................................ 7-4
REACTIVE POWER .................................................2-11, 6-11
FlexLogic™ operands ..................................................... 5-53
REAL POWER .........................................................2-11, 6-11
SERIAL NUMBER ............................................................. 6-18
REAL TIME CLOCK ......................................................... 5-17
SERIAL PORTS ................................................................. 5-9
REAR TERMINAL ASSIGNMENTS ..................................... 3-5
SERIES COMPENSATED LINES ................................ 8-16, 9-7
RECLOSER CURVES ..............................................5-42, 5-95
SETTING GROUPS .......................................5-52, 5-66, 5-132
RECLOSING
Modbus registers .......................................................... B-33
description .................................................................. 5-141
SETTINGS, CHANGING ................................................... 4-11
logic ....................................................... 5-147, 5-148, 5-149
SIGNAL SOURCES
sequence .................................................................... 5-150
description ....................................................................... 5-4
settings ................... 5-140, 5-142, 5-143, 5-144, 5-145, 5-146
metering ........................................................................ 6-10
REDUNDANT 10BASE-F .................................................. 3-17
settings ......................................................................... 5-34
RELAY ACTIVATION ....................................................... 4-13
SIGNAL TYPES .................................................................. 1-3
RELAY ARCHITECTURE .................................................. 5-46
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM .............................................. 2-1, 2-2
RELAY MAINTENANCE ..................................................... 7-2
SITE LIST, CREATING ....................................................... 4-1
RELAY NAME .................................................................. 5-30
SNTP PROTOCOL
RELAY NOT PROGRAMMED ........................................... 1-10
Modbus ........................................................................ B-17
REMOTE DEVICES
settings ......................................................................... 5-16
actual values ................................................................... 6-4
SOFTWARE
device ID ..................................................................... 5-181
see entry for URPC
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-53
SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE ............................................ 1-4
Modbus ................................................................ B-10, B-13
SOFTWARE, PC
Modbus registers ........................................................... B-41
see entry for URPC
settings ....................................................................... 5-181
SOURCE TRANSFER SCHEMES .................................... 5-125
statistics ......................................................................... 6-5
SOURCES
REMOTE INPUTS
description ....................................................................... 5-4
actual values ................................................................... 6-3
metering ........................................................................ 6-10
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-53
settings ......................................................................... 5-34
Modbus ................................................................ B-10, B-13
SPECIFICATIONS .............................................................. 2-6
Modbus registers ........................................................... B-42
ST TYPE CONNECTORS .................................................. 3-19
settings ....................................................................... 5-182
STANDARD ABBREVIATIONS ............................................F-3
INDEX

REMOTE OUTPUTS
STATUS INDICATORS ....................................................... 4-5
DNA-1 bit pair ............................................................. 5-183
STEPPED DISTANCE SCHEME .......................................... 9-2
Modbus registers ........................................................... B-42
STUB BUS ...........................................................Addendum-1
UserSt-1 bit pair ................................................ 5-184, 5-185

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay vii

 INDEX

SURGE IMMUNITY .......................................................... 2-14 MIC ................................................................................ C-3

SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS METERING ....................... 6-8 overview ......................................................................... C-1
SYNCHROCHECK PICS ............................................................................... C-2
actual values ................................................................. 6-12 remote device settings .................................................. 5-181
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-52 remote inputs ............................................................... 5-182
logic ............................................................................ 5-139 reporting ......................................................................... C-6
Modbus ................................................................B-13, B-19 SBO timeout ....................................................... 5-37, 5-179
settings .............................................................5-136, 5-137 settings ..........................................................................5-13
specifications................................................................... 2-9 UserSt-1 bit pair ................................................ 5-184, 5-185
SYSTEM FREQUENCY .................................................... 5-32 UL APPROVAL .................................................................2-14
SYSTEM SETUP .............................................................. 5-31 und ................................................................................... 2-8
UNDERVOLTAGE
auxiliary .......................................................................... 2-9
phase ................................................................... 2-9, 5-126
T UNDERVOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS ........................... 5-125
UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED ...............................................5-30
TARGET MESSAGES ......................................................... 7-3
UNPACKING THE RELAY .................................................. 1-1
TARGET SETTING ............................................................. 5-4
UPDATING ORDER CODE ................................................. 7-2
TARGETS MENU ............................................................... 7-3
URPC
TCP PORT NUMBER ........................................................ 5-14
creating a site list ............................................................ 4-1
TEMPERATURE, OPERATING ......................................... 2-13
event recorder ................................................................. 4-2
TERMINALS ....................................................................... 3-5
firmware upgrades ........................................................... 4-2
TEST MODE .................................................................. 5-190
installation ...................................................................... 1-5
TESTING
introduction ..................................................................... 4-1
force contact inputs ..................................................... 5-190
oscillography ................................................................... 4-2
force contact outputs ................................................... 5-190
overview ......................................................................... 4-1
lamp test ......................................................................... 7-2
requirements ................................................................... 1-5
self-test error messages ................................................... 7-3
USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS
test mode .................................................................... 5-190
example .........................................................................5-25
TFTP PROTOCOL ............................................................ 5-14
Modbus ................................................................ B-10, B-20
THEORY OF OPERATION .................................................. 8-1
settings ..........................................................................5-25
TIME ................................................................................. 7-2
specifications .................................................................2-10
TIME OVERCURRENT
USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDs
see PHASE, NEUTRAL, and GROUND TOC entries
custom labeling ............................................................... 4-7
TIMERS ........................................................................... 5-60
defaults........................................................................... 4-6
TOC
description ...................................................................... 4-6
ground ......................................................................... 5-109
Modbus ......................................................................... B-17
neutral ......................................................................... 5-102
settings ..........................................................................5-21
phase ............................................................................ 5-96
specifications .................................................................2-10
specifications................................................................... 2-8
USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS
TRACKING FREQUENCY ................................................. 6-12
FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-53
TRANSDUCER I/O
Modbus ......................................................................... B-20
actual values ................................................................. 6-13
settings ..........................................................................5-22
Modbus .........................................................................B-14
specifications .................................................................2-10
Modbus registers .........................................B-30, B-31, B-32
USERST-1 BIT PAIR ............................................ 5-184, 5-185
settings .............................................................5-188, 5-189
specifications................................................................. 2-12
wiring ............................................................................ 3-16
TRIP LEDs ....................................................................... 5-21 V
TRIP OUTPUT
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-52 VIBRATION TESTING .......................................................2-14
logic ............................................................................ 5-135 VIRTUAL INPUTS
Modbus registers ...........................................................B-24 actual values ................................................................... 6-3
settings ....................................................................... 5-133 commands ...................................................................... 7-1
specifications................................................................... 2-9 FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-53
TROUBLE INDICATOR .............................................. 1-10, 7-3 logic ............................................................................ 5-179
TYPE TESTS ................................................................... 2-14 Modbus ........................................................................... B-9
TYPICAL WIRING DIAGRAM .............................................. 3-6 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-37
settings ........................................................................ 5-179
VIRTUAL OUTPUTS
actual values ................................................................... 6-4
U FlexLogic™ operands .....................................................5-53
Modbus registers ........................................................... B-38
UCA SBO TIMER
settings ........................................................................ 5-180
for breaker control ......................................................... 5-37
INDEX

VOLTAGE BANKS ............................................................5-32

for virtual inputs ........................................................... 5-179
VOLTAGE DEVIATIONS ...................................................2-14
UCA/MMS
VOLTAGE ELEMENTS .................................................... 5-125
device ID ..................................................................... 5-181
VOLTAGE METERING
DNA2 assignments ...................................................... 5-183

viii D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin

 INDEX

Modbus ......................................................................... B-11 see VT FUSE FAILURE

values ........................................................................... 6-10
VOLTAGE RESTRAINT CHARACTERISTIC ...................... 5-96
VT FUSE FAILURE
logic ............................................................................ 5-158 W
settings ....................................................................... 5-158
WARRANTY .......................................................................F-5
VT INPUTS ............................................................... 5-5, 5-32
WEB SERVER PROTOCOL .............................................. 5-14
VT WIRING ........................................................................ 3-9
WEBSITE ........................................................................... 1-1
VTFF
WIRING DIAGRAM ............................................................. 3-6
FlexLogic™ operands .................................................... 5-52

INDEX

GE Multilin D60 Line Distance Relay ix

 INDEX
INDEX

x D60 Line Distance Relay GE Multilin