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Infotech JSS2 Database 2 WK 9

There are different types of databases including flat file, relational, hierarchical, network, and distributed databases. A flat file database stores data in one file or table without relationships between data. A relational database organizes data into tables with rows and columns and allows for relationships between tables. A hierarchical database stores data in a tree structure with a root node and connected lower nodes. A network database is similar to a hierarchical database but allows for multiple access paths through linked nodes.

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405 views3 pages

Infotech JSS2 Database 2 WK 9

There are different types of databases including flat file, relational, hierarchical, network, and distributed databases. A flat file database stores data in one file or table without relationships between data. A relational database organizes data into tables with rows and columns and allows for relationships between tables. A hierarchical database stores data in a tree structure with a root node and connected lower nodes. A network database is similar to a hierarchical database but allows for multiple access paths through linked nodes.

Uploaded by

Maria Elizabeth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Information Technology

Database
Forms of Database

There are different types of databases. Databases are often categorized by the way they organize data.
Different forms of database include:

- Flat file Databases


- Relational Databases
- Hierarchical Databases
- Network Databases
- Distributed Databases

Flat file Databases

Flat file databases are the traditional data file storage systems that lack the ability to interrelate data in
an organizational structure. They are called flat because they contain only one table or file.

Relational Database

In relational data base, files are organized in tables called relations. Records are arranged in rows while
the fields are arranged in columns. The rows are called tuple and the columns are called attributes.

Relational database is the most common type of database structure. It is used by most microcomputers
Database Management System (DBMS) packages.

A relational database

Matric No Name Address


9712345 Kemmer Lagos
9582374 Smith Jos
6763333 Shola Abuja
9754322 Adamu Kaduna
9567892 Adeoye Ibadan
Tuples

Fields (Attributes)

Hierarchical Database

A hierarchical database has a tree-like structure. It has a top-level record type known as the root node.
All access to the database must start at the root node. The root node is connected to lower-level nodes,
which contain data elements that are attributes of the root node. These lower nodes are also connected
to other lower nodes.
Employee Root node

Job Assignment Compensation Benefit

Life Insurance Health


Performance Rating Salary History Pension

A hierarchical database

Network Database

Network database are based on the same principles as the hierarchical database. The network model
makes it possible to develop many links amongst fields and there is no single root node. Access to other
links in the network is made through any level and one can move upwards and downwards.

Course 1 Course 2 Course 3


Student 1 Student 2 Student 3 Student 4 Student 5

Database Application

Databases are controlled by database management system (DBMS) software. DBMS is a set of tools that
database designers and database administrators use to structure the database system a company
needs. In the market today, Microsoft Access is a widely used DBMS. Other examples of DBMS are
Microsoft SQL server, Sybase, Visual Fox Pro, Oracle, DB2, etc.

To start and open an existing database in Microsoft Access, you do the following:

Step 1: Click on the Start button

Start Step 2: Click on Programs, then (Microsoft Office)

Step 3: Click on Access

The Access database program will load, then.

Open Step 4: Click open on the File menu (to choose an existing database file)

With database software, also called DBMS, you can create a computerized database; add, change and
delete data; you can sort and retrieve data from the database. You can create forms and reports from
the data in the database.

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