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Module 2 Fluid Statics - Hydrostatic Forces On Plane Surfaces Solved Problems

The document discusses examples of calculating hydrostatic forces on structures submerged in fluids. It provides the equations and step-by-step workings to determine: 1) The hydrostatic force and pressures on a 200-ft high dam filled with water. 2) The hydrostatic force on a circular window 5m below the water surface of a cruise ship. 3) The hydrostatic force exerted by freshwater on a hinged rectangular plate blocking the end of a channel.

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Billy Jhun
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5K views5 pages

Module 2 Fluid Statics - Hydrostatic Forces On Plane Surfaces Solved Problems

The document discusses examples of calculating hydrostatic forces on structures submerged in fluids. It provides the equations and step-by-step workings to determine: 1) The hydrostatic force and pressures on a 200-ft high dam filled with water. 2) The hydrostatic force on a circular window 5m below the water surface of a cruise ship. 3) The hydrostatic force exerted by freshwater on a hinged rectangular plate blocking the end of a channel.

Uploaded by

Billy Jhun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Fluid Statics

MODULE 2

M FLUID
ECHANICS
Lesson 2.3: Fluids at Rest
EXAMPLE 3
Consider a 200-ft-high, 1200-ft-wide dam filled to capacity.
Determine (a) hydrostatic force on the dam and (b) the
force per unit area of the dam near the top and near the
bottom.
Solution:
Take the density of water to be 62.4 lbm/ft3
𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 𝜌𝑔ℎ𝑐 = 𝜌𝑔(ℎ/2) 𝑃𝑡𝑜𝑝 = 𝜌𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑜𝑝 = 𝟎 𝒍𝒃𝒇/𝒇𝒕𝟐
1 𝑙𝑏𝑓
𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 62.4 𝑙𝑏𝑚/𝑓𝑡 3 (32.2 𝑓𝑡/𝑠 2 )(200/2 𝑓𝑡) 𝑙𝑏𝑓
32.2 𝑙𝑏𝑚. 𝑓𝑡/𝑠 2 𝑃𝑏𝑜𝑡 = 𝜌𝑔ℎ𝑏𝑜𝑡 = 62.4 3 𝑥 200 𝑓𝑡
𝑓𝑡
𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 6240 𝑙𝑏𝑓/𝑓𝑡 2
𝑷𝒃𝒐𝒕 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒃𝒇/𝒇𝒕𝟐
Then the resultant hydrostatic force acting on the dam becomes
𝑙𝑏𝑓
𝐹𝑅 = 𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝐴 = 6240 2 200 𝑓𝑡 𝑥 1200 𝑓𝑡 = 𝟏. 𝟓𝟎 𝒙 𝟏𝟎𝟗 𝒍𝒃𝒇
𝑓𝑡

M FLUID
ECHANICS
Lesson 2.3: Fluids at Rest
EXAMPLE 4
A room in the lower level of a cruise ship has a 30-cm-
diameter circular window. If the midpoint of the window is 5
m below the water surface, determine the hydrostatic force
acting on the window, and the pressure center. Take
specific gravity of seawater to be 1.025.

Solution:
The density of seawater is 1.025 kg/m3
The average pressure on acting on the window is:
𝑘𝑔 𝑚
𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 𝑃𝐶 = 𝜌𝑔ℎ𝐶 = 1025 9.81 5 𝑚 = 𝟓𝟎, 𝟕𝟐𝟔 𝑵/𝒎𝟐
𝑚3 𝑠2

The resultant hydrostatic force on each wall becomes


2
2 2
𝜋 0.3 𝑚
𝐹𝑅 = 𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝐴 = 𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝜋𝐷 /4 = 50,276 𝑁/𝑚 = 𝟑𝟓𝟓𝟒 𝑵 (𝑨𝒏𝒔. )
4
Lesson 2.3: Fluids at Rest
EXAMPLE 4
The density of seawater is 1.025 kg/m3
𝐼𝑥𝑥,𝐶 𝜋𝑅4 /4 𝑅2 0.15 𝑚 2
𝑦𝑃 = 𝑦𝐶 + = 𝑦𝐶 + = 𝑦𝐶 + =5+
𝑦𝐶 𝐴 𝑦𝐶 𝜋𝑅2 4𝑦𝐶 4(5 𝑚)

𝑦𝑃 = 𝟓. 𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟏 𝒎 ≅ 𝟓 𝒎

For small surfaces deep in a liquid, the pressure center nearly


coincides with the centroid of the surface.
Lesson 2.3: Fluids at Rest
EXAMPLE 5
A 4-m high, 5-m wide rectangular plate blocks the end of a
4-m-deep freshwater channel, as shown. The plate is
hinged about a horizontal axis along its upper edge through
a point A and is restrained from opening by a fixed ridge at
point B. Determine the force exerted on the plate by the
ridge.
Solution:
𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 𝑃𝑐 = 𝜌𝑔ℎ𝑐 = 𝜌𝑔(ℎ/2)

= 1000 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 (9.81 𝑚/𝑠 2 4/2 𝑚 = 19.62 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2

Then the resultant hydrostatic force on each wall Taking the moment about point A
𝐹𝑅 = 𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝐴 = 19.62 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 4 𝑚 𝑥 5 𝑚 = 392 𝑘𝑁
෍ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 → 𝐹𝑅 (𝑠 + 𝑦𝑝 ) = 𝐹𝑟𝑖𝑑𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝐵
The force acts 2/3 from the free surface
𝑠 + 𝑦𝑝 1 + 2.667 𝑚
2ℎ 2 𝑥 4 𝑚 𝐹𝑟𝑖𝑑𝑔𝑒 = 𝐹𝑅 = 392 𝑘𝑁 = 𝟐𝟖𝟖 𝒌𝑵
𝑦𝑃 = = = 2.667 𝑚 𝐴𝐵 5𝑚
3 3
M FLUID
ECHANICS

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