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Chapter 6. Desalting of Crude Oil

The document discusses desalting crude oil. It introduces that salt content in residual water needs to be reduced to 15-20 pounds per thousand barrels to avoid fouling. Typical desalting methods are then presented, including chemical and electrostatic separation. Chemical desalting uses water, chemicals and heat to dissolve salts into water where they settle. Electrostatic desalting applies an electric field to quickly separate polar salt water molecules from crude oil.

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Tu Dang Trong
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394 views12 pages

Chapter 6. Desalting of Crude Oil

The document discusses desalting crude oil. It introduces that salt content in residual water needs to be reduced to 15-20 pounds per thousand barrels to avoid fouling. Typical desalting methods are then presented, including chemical and electrostatic separation. Chemical desalting uses water, chemicals and heat to dissolve salts into water where they settle. Electrostatic desalting applies an electric field to quickly separate polar salt water molecules from crude oil.

Uploaded by

Tu Dang Trong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

12/28/2020 Dr. Mai Cao Lan, Dept.

of Drilling & Production Engineering, GEOPET, HCMUT 200


Chapter Outline

Introduction

Salt Content of Crude Oil

Typical Methods for Desalting Processes

Electrostatic Desalting

12/28/2020 Dr. Mai Cao Lan, Dept. of Drilling & Production Engineering, GEOPET, HCMUT 201
Introduction
• Unwanted salts in residual water in crude oil needs to be
reduced to a concentration around 15-20 PTB (Pounds per
Thousand Barrels)

• Reasons: To avoid fouling or deposition in surface equipment


or pipelines.

• Normal reducing the PTB by lowering the amount of remnant


water (resulted from oil dehydration)

• Alternative method is to substantially decrease the dissolved


salt content of the remnant water

12/28/2020 Lan Mai-Cao, HCM University of Technology, Vietnam 202


Basic Concept in Desalting of Crude Oil

12/28/2020 Lan Mai-Cao, HCM University of Technology, Vietnam 203


Properties of Crude Oil Shipped to Refineries

12/28/2020 Lan Mai-Cao, HCM University of Technology, Vietnam 204


Salt Content for 0.1% by Volume Remnant
Water

12/28/2020 Lan Mai-Cao, HCM University of Technology, Vietnam 205


Salt Content of Crude Oil

• The amount of salt in the crude oil is a function of the


amount of the brine (remnant water) that remains in the
oil (% BS&W) and of its salinity SR in parts per million
(ppm):

• Manning & Thomson (1995) correlation for a basis of


1000 bbl of wet oil:

12/28/2020 Lan Mai-Cao, HCM University of Technology, Vietnam 206


Densities of Aqueous Inorganic Solutions
(NaCl)

12/28/2020 Lan Mai-Cao, HCM University of Technology, Vietnam 207


Exercise

Find the PTB salt content of a crude oil having 10% by


volume remnant water if its concentration is estimated to be
40000 ppm at 25oC.

12/28/2020 Lan Mai-Cao, HCM University of Technology, Vietnam 208


Typical Methods for Crude Oil Desalting

 Chemical & Electrostatic Separation:


• Chemicals assist in breaking up emulsion
• Electrostatic field collapses the droplets of saltwater
 Chemical Desalting:
• Water and chemical surfactant are added and heated
 salts dissolve into the water  held in a tank when
they settle out.
 Electric Desalting:
• Electric field causes polar molecules in salt water
(brine) quickly get oriented and separated.

12/28/2020 Lan Mai-Cao, HCM University of Technology, Vietnam 209


Single-Stage Desalting Process

12/28/2020 Lan Mai-Cao, HCM University of Technology, Vietnam 210


Two-Stage Desalting Process

12/28/2020 Lan Mai-Cao, HCM University of Technology, Vietnam 211

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