N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
Mathematics 數學科
DSE
Logarithmic Function
(Elite)
N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
Simplifying Logarithmic Functions
5 log x 3
1. Simplify the expression in the form of a fraction, where x > 0 and x 1. (3 marks)
6 log x − log 3 x
1
log a 3 216 + log a 36
2. Simplify 4 without using a calculator (4 marks)
1
log a − 2 log a 2
9
3.
4.
5.
N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
Solving Logarithmic Equations
1. Solve the equation 2 log x + log 2 = log(20 − 3x ) . (3 marks)
2. (a) Solve 18 y 2 − 9 y − 5 = 0 . (1 mark)
(b) Hence, solve log3 (2 9 x +1 − 5) = x + 2 . (5 marks)
3. Solve the equation (log2 x) 2 − log2 x6 = 7 . (3 marks)
4. Solve the following equations.
(a) 3x+1 − 2 3x−1 − 43 = 0
(b) log2 ( x − 1) + log2 (2 x + 3) = 3 (6 marks)
5. Solve log(11 − 3𝑥) + log 4 = 3 − log(2 − 𝑥). (4 marks)
N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
Solving Logarithmic Equations with fractional unknowns
3y
1. (a) If log = log( x + 1) − log y , express y in terms of x. ( 3 marks)
x
(b) Solve the equation 52 x = 6 x+3 , and give your answer correct to 3 significant figures. (2
marks )
y+4 3 12
2. (a) Solve − = . (3 marks)
4 y − 1 y y (4 y − 1)
(b) Using the result of (a),
2x + 4 3 12
solve − = . (4 marks)
2 x + 2 − 1 2 x 2 x (2 x + 2 − 1)
3.
4. Solve each of the following equations. (6 marks)
6
(a) 3x − 1 − =0
3x
(b) log3 (2 x 2 − 14) = 1 + log3 (2 − x)
N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
Solving Logarithmic Equations with different log-bases
1
1. (a) Show that log4 x = log2 x .
2
9
(b) Solve the equation log4 x + log2 x = . (4 marks)
2
2. Solve the following equations.
(a) 52 x+1 − 26 5 x + 5 = 0
(b) log x 4 − log2 x = 1 (7 marks)
3.
4.
5.
N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
Logarithmic Expression
1.
2.
3.
4.
N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
Application (Including Growth or Decay)
1. A culture of bacteria has a population of 10 000 initially. Two hours later, it
increases to 90 000. Given that the number of bacteria (V) after t hours is given by
V = kat , where a is positive, find
(a) the value of k and a, ( 3 marks )
(b) the time required to have a population of 360 000.
(Give the answer correct to 1 decimal place.)
( 2 marks )
2.
N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
3.
4.
N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
Linear Relationship of Logarithmic Function and its Application
1. Figure A shows the graph of y = abx, where a and b are constants. Figure B shows the linear relation
between x and log4y. Find the value of b. (3 marks)
log4y
y
y = abx
x x
O O 2
Figure A Figure B
2. The graph in the Figure shows the linear relation between log8 x and log16 y . The intercepts on the
vertical axis and horizontal axis of graph are –2 and 3 respectively. Express the relation between x and
y in the form y = Ax k , where A and k are constants. ( 3 marks )
log16 y
log8 x
0 3
-2
3.
N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
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N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
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N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
Graph of Logarithmic Function
1.
N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
2.
N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
3.
N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
Miscellaneous
(With Functions and Graphs)
1. Let f ( x) = log0.5 ( x + 5) + log0.5 (3 − x) .
(a) Find the domain of f (x) . (4 marks)
(b) Find the least value of f (x) . (6 marks)
(With Sum/Product of the roots)
b
2. (a) Let a and b be real numbers with a > 0. Simplify 10loga . (1 mark)
log 1
(b) Let α and β be positive real numbers such that + log = and αβ = 10000.
50
Find a quadratic equation whose roots are log α and log β. (4 marks)
3.
(With Simultaneous Equations)
4. (a) Solve the equation 3 x + 5(32 x ) − 4 = 0 . ( 2 marks )
x + 2 y = 8
(b) Solve the simultaneous equations . ( 3 marks )
log x = 2 log y + 1
N_03_S4_02_Q_EN_ (II)Logarithmic Functions
5.
6.
