Modern College Of Arts, Commerce & Science

Shivajinagar, Pune

Plastic Waste Management

Submitted by
Sachin chavan
Roll no – 11015
S. Y BBA Div- A

Submitted to
Yogesh R. Kadam

Submitted on 15/12/2020
 INDEX

➢ Introduction
➢ Harmful Effects of Plastics
➢ Research and Methodology
➢ Discussion
•Types of Plastics
• Plastic Waste Management
• Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, and Recovery
➢ Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION
Plastic products have become an integral part of our
Daily life as a result of which the polymer is produced At
a massive scale worldwide. On an average, production of
plastic globally crosses 150 Million tonnes per Year. Its
broad range of application is in packaging Films,
wrapping materials, shopping and garbage Bags, fluid
containers, clothing, toys, household and Industrial
products, and building materials. It is estimated that
approximately 70% of plastic Packaging products are
converted into plastic waste In a short span.
Approximately 9.4 million TPA plastic Waste is generated
in the country, which amounts to 26,000 TPD. Of this,
about 60% is recycled, most Of it by the informal sector.
While the recycling rate in India is considerably higher
than the global average of 20% , there is still over 9,400
tonnes of plastic waste Which is either landfilled or ends
up polluting streams Or groundwater resources. While
some kinds of plastic Do not decompose at all, others
could take up to 450 Years to break down. The figure
captures per capita Plastic consumption in FY 2014-15.
Advantages & Disadvantages of Plastics

Advantages of Plastics
• Plastic materials are light in weight, unbreakable,
odorless and can be easily molded.
• They have excellent finishing possess good shock
absorption capacity, high strength as well as toughness.
• Therefore they possess good thermal and electrical
insulating property.
• Plastics have water resistant good adhesiveness.
• Plastic can be used in building, construction,
electronics, packing and transportation industries.
Disadvantages of Plastics
Plastic is totally impermeable to moisture. Gases etc.
• Most plastics permit some passage of light. Even highly
pigmented
May be permeable to, or subject to attack by, organic
substances, particularly solvents.
• Light weight & thin wall section may require specific
production line handling.
• Certain designs may show paneling or cavitation
Harmful Effect
Plastic is versatile, lightweight, flexible, moisture resistant,
strong, and relatively inexpensive4. Those are the attractive
qualities that lead us, around the world, to such a voracious
appetite and over-consumption of plastic goods. However,
durable and very slow to degrade, plastic materials that are
used in the production of so many products, ultimately,become
waste. Our tremendous attraction to plastic, coupled with an
undeniable behavioral propensity of increasingly over
consuming, discarding, littering and thus polluting, has become
a combination of lethal [Link] disposal of plastics is one of
the least recognized and most highly problematic areas of
plastic’s ecological impact.

• Groundwater and soil pollutionPlastic

is a material made to last forever, and due To the same
chemical composition, plastic cannot Biodegrade; it breaks
down into smaller and smaller Pieces5 When buried in alandfill,
plastic lies untreated For years. In the process, toxic chemicals
from Plastics drain out and seep into groundwater, flowing
Downstream into lakes and rivers. The seeping of Plastic also
causes soil pollution and have now started Resulting in
presence of micro plastics in soil.
• Pollution in Oceans
The increased presence of plastic on the ocean Surface has
resulted in more serious problems. Since Most of the plastic
debris that reaches the ocean Remains floating for years as it
does not decompose Quickly, it leads to the dropping of oxygen
level in The water, severely affecting the survival of marine
Species. Materials like plastic are non-degradable Which means
they will not be absorbed and recycled. When oceanic
creatures and even birds consume Plastic inadvertently, they
choke on it which causes A steady decline in their population.
Figure: Whale killed
by plastic waste

Figure: Plastics recovered

inside the whale

Types of Plastics
The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. (SPI) Introduced its
resin identification coding system in 1988 at the urging of
recyclers around the [Link] seven types of plastic include:
1. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PETE or PET)
2. High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
3. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
4. Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)
5. Polypropylene (PP)
6. Polystyrene or Styrofoam (PS)
7. Miscellaneous plastics (includes: polycarbonate,
Polylactide, acrylic, acrylonitrile butadiene, styrene,
Fiberglass, and nylon)
Plastic Waste Management

• Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, and Recovery

Plastic bags are popular with consumers and Retailers as they
are a functional, lightweight, strong, Cheap, and hygienic way
to transport food and other Most of these go to landfill and
garbage Heaps after they are used, and some are recycled.
Once littered, plastic bags can find their way on to Our streets,
parks and into our waterways. Although Plastic bags make up
only a small percentage of All litter, the impact of these bags is
nevertheless Significant. Plastic bags create visual pollution
Problems and can have harmful effects on aquatic And
terrestrial animals. Plastic bags are particularly Noticeable
components of the litter stream due to their Size and can take a
long time to fully break down. Many carry bags end up as
unsightly litter in trees, Streets, parks and gardens which,
besides being ugly, Can kill birds, small mammals and other
creatures. Bags that make it to the ocean may be eaten by sea
Turtles and marine mammals, who mistake them for Jellyfish,
with disastrous consequences. In developed Countries billion
bags are thrown away every year, Most of which are used only
once before disposal. The biggest problem with plastic bags is
that they do Not readily break down in the environment. It has
been Found that, the average plastic carrier bag is used for Five
minutes, but takes 500 years to decompose.
size and can take a long time to fully break down.
Many carry bags end up as unsightly litter in trees,
streets, parks and gardens which, besides being ugly,
can kill birds, small mammals and other creatures.
Bags that make it to the ocean may be eaten by sea
turtles and marine mammals, who mistake them for
jellyfish, with disastrous consequences. In developed
countries billion bags are thrown away every year,
most of which are used only once before disposal.
The biggest problem with plastic bags is that they do
not readily break down in the environment. It has been
found that, the average plastic carrier bag is used for five
minutes, but takes 500 years to [Link] and
refusing plastic: Ban on usage Altogether 18 States and Union
Territories have taken initiative and imposed some kind of ban
on plastic Manufacture, stock, sale, or use of plastic carry bags,
namely Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam,
Chandigarh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Himachal
Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Odisha,
Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and West
Bengal.
• Reuse
Reuse is a step up from recycling. It diverts plastic and
takes pressure off the recycling services. In fact, reuse
is the middle-man between reduce and recycle, and
some would be surprised at how many opportunities
for reuse there really are.
One can reuse plastic-produce bags for sandwiches,
plastic grocery bags for small trash bags, and re-use
plastic silverware. Most people skip this step and go
directly to recycling, but reusing plastics can reduce
the demand for new plastics to be created.
For instance, since refillable plastic containers can be
reused for many times, container reuse can lead to
a substantial reduction in the demand for disposable
plastic and reduced use of materials and energy, with
the consequent reduced environmental impacts.
• Recycle
Recycling and re-utilization of waste plastics have
several advantages. It leads to a reduction of the use
of virgin materials and of the use of energy, thus also a
reduction of carbon dioxide emissions.
Benefits of Recycling:
• Reduces Environmental Pollution
• Energy savings : 40 - 100 MJ/kg (depends on the polymer)
• Economic Benefits
• Reduces demand for virgin polymer
• Preferred to Land Filling
• Generates Employment
• Reduces depletion of Fossil fuel reserves
 • Recovery
Another alternative is recovering the energy stored in Residual
material. That means turning waste into fuel For manufacturing
processes or equipment designed To produce energy. Various
mechanical, biological And caloric systems and technologies can
convert, Reprocess or break up wastes into new materials or
Energy.

• Waste Incineration

Waste incineration, or controlled burning, is typically

Considered as a disposal method, because it is Usually applied
as a method of reducing the volume of Miscellaneous municipal
waste. However, incineration Of plastics can also be seen as
recovery method, As plastics could replace the application of
other oil Based fuels.
Conclusion
Enormous quantities of plastic are produced and used. It is
convenient (use and throw away). Although some plastics are
recyclable, not enough is recycled. Plastic waste pose a serious
threat to environment . Laws, economic measures and
education help. Should we really put our own selfish needs
before the needs of everything around us now and the lives of
future generations? As a responsible citizen we must take
precautions while using plastic products, reduce the
consumption, and encourage others to do the same.

References
• Overview of Plastic Waste Management by CPCB
• Toolkit on Plastic Waste Management Rules 2016
• [Link]
wellness/harmful-effects-of-plastic-
• [Link]
us/articles/222813127-Why-is-
• Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016
• Plastic Waste Management (Amendment ) Rules, 2018
[Link]
wastes-%E2%80%93-