Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOCOS NORTE
General Chemistry 1
Quarter 1 – Module 6:
Chemical and Structural
Formula of a Compound
MELC: Represent compounds using chemical formula,
structural formulas and models
(K TO 12 BEC CG: STEM_GC11AMlc-e-21)
Prepared by:
JESUSA Y. AURELLANO
Teacher I
Wilbur C. Go National High School
General Chemistry 1 –
Quarter 1 – Module 6: Chemical and Structural Formula of a Compound
First Edition, 2020
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Editor:
Reviewers:
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Joye D. Madalipay
Arnel S. Bandiola
Jenetrix T. Tumaneng
Jerry G. Tabrilla
Schools Division of Ilocos Norte
Office Address: Brgy. 7B, Giron Street, Laoag City, Ilocos
Norte
Telefax: (077) 771-0960
Telephone No.: (077) 770-5963, (077) 600-2605
E-mail Address:
[email protected] 12
General
Chemistry 1
Quarter 1 – Module 6:
Chemical and Structural
Formula of a Compound
Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:
Welcome to the General Chemistry 1 Module on Chemical and Structural
Formula of a Compound. This module was collaboratively designed, developed and
reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the
teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12
Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in
schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
Note to the Teacher
This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in
guiding the learners
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
Welcome to the General Chemistry 1 Module on Chemical and Structural
Formula of a Compound. This module was designed to provide you with fun and
meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being
an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies
to Know you are expected to learn in the module.
1
This part includes an activity that aims to check what
What I Know
you already know about the lesson to take. If you get
all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip
this module.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the
current lesson with the previous one.
In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to
Whats New
you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem,
a problem opener, an activity or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson.
What is it
This aims to help you discover and understand new
concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent practice to
What’s More
solidify your understanding and skills of the topic.
You may check the answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.
What I have This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph
Learned to be filled in to process what you learned from the
lesson.
What I Can This section provides an activity which will help you
Do transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of
Assessment
mastery in achieving the learning competency.
Additional In this portion, another activity will be given to you to
Activities enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
This is a list of all sources used in developing this
References module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
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1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the Chemical and Structural Formula of a Compound. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
The module focused on the Chemical and Structural Formula of a Compound
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Draw the bonding arrangement of atoms within molecules using
structural formulas.
2. Identify ball stick models of compounds.
3. Write the chemical formula of compounds.
What I Know
3
This part of the module is a pre-assessment activity that allows your teacher
to determine your strengths, weaknesses, knowledge and skills about chemical and
structural formula of a compound. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the
chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper and submit a copy of it to your subject
teacher.
1. A way to show the number and type of elements (atoms) in a molecule
or compound with a combination of symbols and numbers.
a. Coefficient c. Molecule
b. Chemical formula d. Chemical change
2. What is the correct name and formula of the figure shown below?
a. C3H8, butane c.C3H8 propane
b. C3H6 pentane d. C3H8, ethane
3. What is the correct formula of the figure shown below?
a. C6H14 c. C6H12
b. C6H10 d. C4H16
4. The small number that is written below the symbol and shows how many
atoms of each element is present.
a. Compound c. Molecule
b. Coefficient d. Subscript
5. How many oxygen in dinitrogen tetraoxide N 2O4
a. 2 c. 5
b. 4 d. 6
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Lesson Chemical and Structural
6 Formula of a Compound
We encounter chemical substances and compounds everyday. The substances
under the kitchen sink that we use to clean our houses as well as those that are staples
in our medicine cabinet are made up of chemical substances. These chemicals are
made up of a fixed proportion of atoms, and these atoms are arranged in a certain
way. In order to figure out what these proportions are and how they are arranged for
any given substance, we need to know the chemical formula and structural formula
of the substance or compound. So let’s find out more about this…
What’s In
Before you proceed with the next lesson, recall your previous knowledge on
the different common names of compounds Band their corresponding formulas.
Match items from column A to column B. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper and submit a copy of it to your subject teacher
.
Column A Column B
1. Baking Soda (B) a. CaCO3
2. Bleaching Powder (d) b. NaHCO3
3. Chalk (a) c. CCl2F2
4. Freon © d. CaOCl2
5. Dry ice e. CO2(s)
What is New
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Directions: Give a simple descriptions and differentiate the following figure shown below. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper and submit a copy of it to your subject teacher.
NH3
Figure A Figure B Figure C
What is It
Representations of Compounds
A. Chemical Formula
A compound is a substance made up of a definite proportion of two or more
elements. A chemical formula tells us the number of atoms of each element in a
compound. It contains the symbols of the atoms of the elements present in the
compound as well as how many there are for each element in the form of subscripts.
Examples of chemical formula of substances at home are shown below.
Each chemical substance has a specific chemical composition, so these chemical
substances have their own chemical formula. Let's take a look at the chemical formula
of sucrose: there are 12 carbon (C) atoms, 22 hydrogen (H) atoms and 11 oxygen (O)
atoms.
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There are different ways to represent compound aside from the chemical
formulas which include: molecular, empirical formulas. The molecular formula is
based on the actual makeup of the compound. Empirical formulas show the number
of atoms of each element in a compound in the most simplified state using whole
numbers.
Example: H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide - Molecular formula
HO – empirical formula
B. Structural Formula
A compound is a substance which is made up of two or more atoms joined
together by a chemical bond. A structural formula displays the atoms of the molecule
in the order they are bonded. It also depicts how the atoms are bonded to one another,
for example single, double, and triple covalent bond. Covalent bonds are shown using
lines. The number of dashes indicate whether the bond is a single, double, or triple
covalent bond. Structural formulas are helpful because they explain the properties and
structure of the compound which empirical and molecular formulas cannot always
represent. Example of this is Carbon tetrachloride.
+
Carbon chloride carbon tetrachloride
Here are the structural formulas of ethane, propane and ethanol. The molecular formulas of
each are reflected below the structural formulas.
a. Condensed Structural Formula
Condensed structural formulas show the order of atoms like a structural
formula but are written in a single line to save space and make it more convenient
and faster to write out. Condensed structural formulas are also helpful when showing
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that a group of atoms is connected to a single atom in a compound. When this
happens, parenthesis are used around the group of atoms to show they are together.
Write the atoms of the longest chain horizontally in the order in which they are
connected.
You may combine repeating horizontal units in subscripted parentheses.
Ex. Condensed Structural Formula for Ethanol: CH3CH2OH
C. Ball and stick model
The ball-and-stick model is a molecular model of a chemical
substance which is to display both the three-dimensional position of the atoms and
the bonds between them. The atoms are typically represented by spheres, connected
by rods which represent the bonds. Double and triple bonds are usually represented
by two or three curved rods, respectively. In a good model, the angles between the
rods should be the same as the angles between the bonds, and the distances between
the centers of the spheres should be proportional to the distances between the
corresponding atomic nuclei. The chemical element of each atom is often indicated by
the sphere's color.
Examples:
What’s More
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This part of the module will strengthen your understanding and skills of the topic. Do
as directed. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper and submit a copy of it to
your subject teacher.
Write the chemical formula and draw the structural formula and ball stick model of
the following
Chemical Formula Structural formula Condensed Ball and stick
structural model
formula
Hint: Single bond,
Trigonal planar,
1200 bond angle
C7H16
H2S Hint: Single bond
with bent shape,
slightly less than
1200 bond angle
What I Have Learned
9
Directions: Fill in the table and complete the following phrases to generalize the
things you have learned about the topic. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper and submit a copy of it to your subject teacher.
Terms 3 things you have learned 2 things I found interesting
Chemical
Formula
Structural
Formula
Ball and
Stick Model
What I Can Do
Directions: Look for three products found at home. Identify 1 chemical compound on
its label then determine its equivalent chemical formula, structural formula, as well
as uses. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper and submit a copy of it to
your subject teacher.
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References
Cervantes, Charry Vida R. et. al (2016) General Chemistry 1 for Senior High
School.Philippines: Lorimar Publishing Inc.
Bayquien Aristea V. Chemistry. Exploring LifeThrough Science, 2nd Ed.
Phoenix Publishing House, Inc. 2012
Padolina Maria Cristina D. , Alumaga Ma. Jessica B., Antero Echel Simon,
and Estanilla Loida C. (2004). Conceptual and Functional Chemistry (Modular
Approach). Phillipines: Vibal Publishing House Inc.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-chemical-formula-definition-types-
examples.html#:~:text=The%20different%20types%20of%20chemical%20formulas%20all%20show%
20the%20elements,present%20in%20a%20chemical%20compound.&text=The%20structural%20for
mula%2C%20shows%20the,are%20bonded%20to%20each%20other.
https://www.conejousd.org/Portals/49/Departments/Science/Cord%202015/Ch%208%20and%209
%20Covalent/H%20worsheets%20and%20sg%20key%202018.pdf?ver=2017-12-08-144619-400
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/Map%3A_A_Molecular_Approach_(Tro
)/03%3A_Molecules_Compounds_and_Chemical_Equations/3.03%3A_Representing_Compounds-
_Chemical_Formulas_and_Molecular_Models
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball-and-stick_model
https://scilearn.sydney.edu.au/fychemistry/tutorial_assignments/chem1002/ws1.pdf
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For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:
Schools Division of Ilocos Norte – Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management Section (SDOIN-CID LRMS)
Office Address: Brgy. 7B, Giron Street, Laoag City, Ilocos Norte
Telefax: (077) 771-0960
Telephone No.: (077) 770-5963, (077) 600-2605
E-mail Address: [email protected]
Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985
