THETHE HANDBOOK

HANDBOOK OFOFTECHNICAL
TECHNICAL IRRIGATION INFORMATION
A C oIRRIGATION
m p l e t e R e f e rINFORMATION
ence Source for the Professional
A Complete Reference Source for the Professional

RESIDENTIAL & COMMERCIAL IRRIGATION

Built on Innovation®

hunterindustries.com
PREFACE

Hunter’s Handbook of Technical Irrigation Information is a

reference guide for all professionals whose livelihood takes them
into the realm of irrigation. Contractors, architects, designers and
engineers alike are now able to benefit from the wide spectrum
of information that has been gathered from numerous sources
into a single document.

For additional information on irrigation, visit our website at

hunterindustries.com
 FORMULAS
FORMULAS
GENERAL
2  Slope

HYDRAULICS
4   Dynamic Pressure Determination
5   Friction Factor Pipe Sizing
8   Friction Loss in Pipe
8   Static Pressure Determination
9   Velocity Head
9   Velocity of Flow
10   Water Hammer

INDUSTRY MANDATES 
11   AB 1881, California Calculation of Maximum Applied Water Allowance (MAWA)
12   AB 1881, California Calculation of Estimated Total Water Use (ETWU)
14   Maximum System Capacity Requirement

PUMPS
16   Break Horsepower
16   Horsepower Required in Pumping Water
17   Net Positive Head Available
18   Total Dynamic Head
19   Water Horsepower Requirements

SCHEDULING
20   Coefficient of Uniformity
21   Distribution Uniformity
22   Precipitation Rate
24   How to Calculate Areas
25   Scheduling Coefficient
25   Irrigation Frequency
26   Sprinkler Run Time

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information

GENERAL
SLOPE

Slope, as used in irrigation, is a measure of the incline of an area. It can be described as (1) a percent, formula “A”,
(2) a degree, formulas “B” and “C”, or (3) a ratio, formula “D”. The greater the incline, the greater the tendency
for runoff.

A. The percent of slope can be B. The degree of slope describes

determined by dividing the net a slope as the angle of the slope
change in elevation between two (at “A”) from the horizontal plane.
points (Rise) by the horizontal This method is useful when taking
distance between those two field measurements as “c” rep-
points (Run). resents the measured distance
up a slope and “a” equals the
elevation change.
Rise
S = Run
Point B a
sin A = c

Point B

Rise
Point A
c
a
Run
Point A

Where:
Horizontal Plane
S = the percent of slope
Rise = the net elevation change
in elevation between Where:
two points A = the angle
Run = the horizontal distance a = the height of the right
between the two points triangle
Note: The units for Rise and Run c = the length of the hypote-
can be any unit of linear measure, nuse of a right triangle
but they must be the same for both
Example:
the Rise and Run.
a = 20 feet
Example: c = 44.72 feet
What is the slope for a bank 40 ft.
wide (run) on which the elevation at 20
sin A = 44.72
the top (point “B”) is 20 ft. higher
than the toe of the slope (point “A”)

20 sin A = 0.4472 A = 26˚ 34'

S = 40
S = 0.50 or 50%

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS GENERAL 2

SLOPE (continued)

C. The degree of slope describes D. Describing a slope as a ratio such

a slope as the angle of the slope as 2:1, 1:1 or 4:1, indicates the number
(at “A”) from the horizontal plane. of feet of runfor every one foot of
This method is useful when deter- rise. For instance a 2:1 slope indicates
mining the slope from plot plans that there would be two feet ofhorizontal
include elevation. In this distance for every one foot change
diagram “b” represents the of elevation. A 1:1 would change one
horizontal distance between points foot of elevation for every one foot of
“A” and “B” and “a” equals the horizontal run.
elevation change between points “A” This can be calculated by dividing the
and “B.” amount of elevation change by the
horizontal distance over which this
change occurred.
a
tan A = b
Rise
Point B Sr = Run : 1 Point B

a Rise
Point A Point A

b Run
Horizontal Plane
Where:
Sr = the slope ratio
Where:
Rise = the net elevation change
A = the angle
between two points
a = the height of the right triangle
Run = the horizontal distance
b = the horizontal distance between the two points
Example: Note: the units for Rise and Run
a = 20.0 feet can be any unit of linear measure, but
b = 40.0 feet they must be the same for both the
Rise and Run.
20.0 Example:
tan A = 40.0
A slope on a project is 20 feet high
(rise) over a distance of 40 feet (run).
tan A = 0.4472 A = 26˚34' What is the slope ratio?

40
Sr = 20 : 1

Sr = 2 : 1
Note: See page 46 and page 47
for more information on slopes.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS GENERAL 3

HYDRAULICS
DYNAMIC PRESSURE DETERMINATION

Dynamic pressure is the pressure when water is flowing in the system. Dynamic pressure in a system can be
determined by flow tests, using pressure gauges or by calculation if information on pipe types and sizes, valves,
meters or other appurtenances are known. The dynamic pressure can be calculated at a given point in the system
by starting with a known dynamic pressure at some point, adjusting for elevation change and subtracting friction
losses in pipe, fittings, valves, meters, etc. as shown below:

Dynamic Pressure = ^ PSI dynamic ! h e elevationh - h f pipe - h f fittings - h f valves

Where:
PSIdynamic = the known dynamic pressure at a given point in PSI
he elevation = pressure change due to elevation in PSI
hf pipe = the PSI loss due to friction losses in the pipe
hf fittings = the PSI loss due to friction losses in fittings
hf valves = the PSI loss due to friction losses in valves, meters or other appurtenances between the source
and the given point in the system

Control Valve ↑
Point
B

100 ft.

↓ Point A ELEVATION VIEW

Water Meter

Example:
In the diagram above the dynamic pressure at point “A” is 90 PSI. The pipe is 2 inch class 315 PVC, 200 ft. from
point “A” to point “B” with a flow rate of 40 GPM. According to the manufacturer, the control valve will lose 1.0 PSI
at 40 GPM.
90.00 PSI at point “A”
- 43.30 PSI loss due to elevation gain (100 ft x 0.433 PSI per feet)
46.70
PSI at point “B”
- 2.82
PSI friction loss in pipe (1.41 PSI loss per 100 feet x 200 feet / 100)
43.88 Subtotal
-
0 . 28 PSI friction loss in fittings (estimate, 10% of friction loss in pipe)
43.60 Subtotal
- 1 . 00
PSI loss in valve (from manufacturer data)
42.60 PSI dynamic pressure at point “B”

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS HYDRAULICS 4

FRICTION FACTOR PIPE SIZING

This Friction Factor is used to determine the maximum Example:

flow in gallons per minute through any section of lateral A) You must determine the amount of pressure
line pipe while not exceeding a predetermined pressure variation you can allow between the valve and the
loss (pressure variation). In order to minimize uneven last sprinkler head. This is usually 10% to 20% of the
distribution, sprinklers should operate with pressure operating pressure of the sprinklers on that particular
variation between sprinklers of not more than ± 10 to section. For this example we will use 10% (0.10)
± 20% of the desired sprinkler operating pressure. variation.
If a control valve operates a group of sprinklers which
P #P require 30 PSI to operate (operating pressure = Po) the
Ff = 0 L v
c 10% pressure variation (pressure variation = P v) would
allow a total variation of 3.0 PSI from the valve to the
Where: farthest head. (0.10 x 30 PSI = 3.0 PSI)
Ff = Friction Factor, the allowable pressure loss B) Determine the Critical Length (Lc)
per 100 feet of pipe, in psi Next you must determine the distance the water travels
Po = Sprinkler operating pressure in PSI from the control valve to the farthest head. That is not
necessarily the total length of pipe in the section but
P v = Pressure Variation allowed between the just the length of the pipe through which the water
valve and the last sprinkler on the circuit flows from the valve to the farthest head. Divide this
being sized, usually 10% or 20% of the number by 100 to determine the hundreds of feet from
desired sprinkler operating pressure the valve to the farthest head.
Lc = Critical Length of pipe from control valve This is called the Critical Length and represents the
to farthest head in hundreds of feet hundreds of feet of pipe in which you can afford to lose
the pressure you determined was acceptable for
pressure variation in step “A”.

= Control Valve for these sprinklers

= Sprinkler head requiring 30 PSI and delivering

2.0 GPM at that pressure

20 ft.

40 ft.

80 ft. 40 ft. 60 ft.

Figure 1
In this diagram you must decide the path the water flows from the valve to the farthest head and calculate
that distance in feet. The water flow path is shown in Fig. 2 and is represented by the pipe with the check pattern.
Notice the distance of the branch line is NOT included in the distance. This is because the water flowing to the
farthest head does not travel down that length of pipe and therefore any pressure loss occurring in the branch
does not affect the pressure in the Critical Length.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS HYDRAULICS 5

FRICTION FACTOR PIPE SIZING (continued)

20 ft. ↓ Farthest head

180 ft.

Figure 2
In Fig. 2 the water traveling from the valve to the farthest head must pass through 200 feet of pipe. This divided
by 100 gives a Critical Length (Lc) in hundreds of feet, of 2.0.

C) Determine the rate at which you can lose pressure The Friction Factor indicates that the pipe is to be sized
in the pipe. This is called the Friction Factor (Ff) which is so that no section of pipe exceeds a pressure loss of
the allowable PSI loss per one hundred feet of pipe. We 1.5 PSI per 100 ft. This ensures that over the 200 feet
can determine this allowable rate of loss by dividing the from the valve to the farthest head, the total PSI loss
allowable pressure loss (in PSI) by the critical length (in will not exceed the 3.0 PSI allowable loss (10% of the
hundreds of feet) by using the formula below. sprinkler operating pressure). The Friction Factor can
be used like a budget. It gives us a guideline by which
The sprinklers mentioned in (Fig. 1) require 30 PSI to
we can size the pipe without having excessive pressure
operate and a distance from the valve to the farthest
loss in any section.
head of 200 feet. Using the formula below we can deter-
mine the Friction Factor. For the lateral pipes (those downstream of the control
valve) use Class 315 PVC for Z\x inch pipe and Class 200
Po # Pv PVC for all larger sizes. Although this requirement for
Ff = Class 315 and Class 200 is not mandatory and may vary
L c /100l
on many larger installations, it is typical for landscape
projects from residential through medium commercial
30 # 0.10
Ff = projects in the South and Western United States.
200/100
At this point turn to the Friction Factor Shortcut charts
3 in the Tables section, page 52. Find the Chart for the
Ff = 2 Friction Factor closest to the one calculated for your
sprinkler system section. (In this case there is a chart
for a Friction Factor of 1.5 PSI allowable loss per
Ff = 1.5 allowable PSI loss per 100 ft of pipe 100 ft. When there is no chart for the exact Friction
Factor calculated, round off the Friction Factor to
the nearest chart value.)

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS HYDRAULICS 6

FRICTION FACTOR PIPE SIZING (continued)

Figure 3 represents a portion of the Friction Factor Shortcut chart from page 52. The chart in the appendix
should look like Fig. 3 shown below.

Friction Factor 1.50 Max. GPM The “Max. GPM” listed in the chart represent the maxi-
mum GPM that each pipe type/size can sustain without
½" CL 315 PVC 2.8
exceeding a 1.5 PSI loss per 100 feet.
¾" CL 200 PVC 5.7
1" CL 200 PVC 10.8 Using the maximum flow rates in the chart as guides,
the lateral line pipes can be sized with the assurance
1¼" CL 200 PVC 19.9
the total PSI loss from the control valve to the farthest
1½" CL 200 PVC 28.5
sprinkler will not exceed 10% of the sprinkler operating
2" CL 200 PVC 51.1 pressure (3.0 PSI).
2½" CL 200 PVC 84.3
First determine the quantity of water in GPM passing
3" CL 200 PVC 141.4 through each section of pipe. A section may need to be
Figure 3 sized differently if there is any change in the GPM so it is
important to determine the flows carefully. Figure 4 lists
the GPM flowing through each section of pipe. Notice
the section labeled “10” GPM. The 10 GPM is the flow to
all sprinkler heads beyond that point and includes both
the straight run and the branch line.

14 12 10 6 4 2

Figure 4
Using the chart (Fig. 3) as a guide, sizes can be assigned to each pipe section.

1¼" 1¼" 1" 1" ¾" ½"

¾"
½"

Figure 5
Note that in the section with 6 GPM we used 1" pipe. The chart allows up to 5.7 GPM in ¾" pipe and some designers
may choose to use ¾" instead of 1". It is acceptable to use ¾” pipe even though it exceeds the allowable loss (the
Friction Factor), because pressure is conserved in some sections where the flow is below the maximum allowed.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS HYDRAULICS 7

FRICTION LOSS IN PIPE STATIC PRESSURE DETERMINATION

The Hazen-Williams equation can be expressed Static pressure is the measure of pressure when the water
as follows and is the most commonly used formula is at rest. This pressure is determined by the weight of a
for calculating pressure loss in PVC pipe. column of water resting on one square inch and expressed
as the pounds per square inch (PSI). The weight of a column
of water one foot high will create 0.433 pounds of pressure
h f = 0.00090914 a C k
1.852
100 1.852 Q
4.866 L over every square inch. Static pressure can be determined
d
as follows:

Where:
hf = Head loss due to friction in pounds Ps = A ! 0.433 H
per square inch (PSI)
C = Hazen Williams coefficient for roughness Where:
of the inside of the pipe Ps = Static pressure at a given point in the system,
in pounds per square inch (PSI)
Q = Flow in gallons per minute (GPM)
A = Static pressure at starting point in PSI
d = Inside diameter of pipe in inches
0.433 = A constant representing the weight of water in
L = Length of pipe in feet
a column one foot high as expressed in pounds
Example: per square inch
A 2-inch class 200 PVC pipe (I.D. = 2.129") 500 feet
H = The net vertical change in elevation from the
in length will deliver 50 GPM to an irrigation system.
surface of the water to the given point in the
Compute the friction loss in the pipeline.
system in feet, increase in elevation, uphill,
results in PSI loss (–0.433) downhill results PSI
h f = 0.00090194 a 150 k b
100 1.852 50 1.852 l
500 gain (+0.433)
2.129 500
h f = 7.544 PSI

Control Valve

40 ft
(12 m)

Water Meter
ELEVATION VIEW

↑ Point A
60 PSI (414 kPa)
(Static pressure)

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS HYDRAULICS 8

STATIC PRESSURE
DETERMINATION (continued) VELOCITY HEAD

Example: The velocity head is the pressure required to

Determine the static pressure at the entrance to move the water through the system.
the control valve if the static pressure at the meter
is 60 PSI. (Note: If change in elevation is downhill,
the elevation change (H) would be a positive.) H v = V 2 /2g

Ps = 60 - ^0.433 # 40h Where:

Hv = velocity head, the energy required to move
Ps = 42.68 PSI the water at the intended velocity, in feet
V = water velocity, in feet per second
For static pressure in metric units, use:
g = acceleration due to gravity (32.2)
Ps = A - 9.79 H
Example:
Ps = 414 - ^9.79 # 12h What is the Velocity Head required to move
Ps = 296.52 kPa 40 GPM through a 2 inch Class 315 PVC pipe?

Where: H v = ^4.15h /64.4

2

Ps = Static pressure at a given point in the

system, in kiloPascals (kPa) H v = 0.27 feet
A = Static pressure at starting point in kPa
9.79 = A constant representing the weight of
water in a column one meter high as VELOCITY OF FLOW
expressed in kPa
H = the net vertical change in elevation from
the surface of the water to the given
The velocity of flow is a calculation of the speed of
point in the system in meters
water moving in a closed pipe system.

Q
V = 0.408
d2

Where:
V = flow velocity in feet per second (fps)
Q = flow in gallons per minute (GPM)
d = inside diameter of pipe in inches
0.408 = constant used to convert units into feet
per second
Example:
What is the velocity of flow for a 1 inch class 200 PVC
pipe (1.169 inch I.D.) with a flow rate of 10 GPM?

V = 0.408 c
10 m
^1.169h2
V = 2.99 fps

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS HYDRAULICS 9

WATER HAMMER

This formula is used to estimate the total surge pressure developed when there is a sudden reduction or cessation
in the velocity of flow. This is typical when a control valve closes.

Pt = Po + a
V # L # 0.07 k
t

Where: Example:
P t = the total pressure developed, in PSI
An electric remote control valve has a hydraulic closure
Po = the operating pressure at the time of valve time of 0.8 seconds. The main line leading to the valve
closing, in PSI is 450 feet long with a velocity of 4.2 fps. The system is
operating at 65 PSI at the time of valve closure. What is
V = velocity at the time the reduction in velocity
the total surge pressure?
occurred, in feet per second

Pt = 65 + a
L = Length of straight pipe between source and 4.2 # 450 # 0.07 k
point where reduction in velocity occurred, this 0. 8
would be the longest section, in feet (straight 132.3
pipe means no tee or ell fittings) Pt = 65 + 0.8
t = seconds during which the velocity was reduced, Pt = 230.38 PSI
for example, a valve that closes in a half second
would have a value for “t” of 0.5
0.07= constant used to convert velocity, length and
time into pressure

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS HYDRAULICS 10

INDUSTRY MANDATES 
AB 1881, CALIFORNIA CALCULATION OF MAXIMUM APPLIED
WATER ALLOWANCE (MAWA)

The Maximum Applied Water Allowance (MAWA) is used to determine the amount of water a project will be
allowed to use for landscape purposes. This amount determines the limit for projected water use. Projects must be
designed with an Estimated Total Water Use (ETWU) less than the limit allowed in the MAWA calculation. The use
of this formula is mandated by California State Assembly Bill 1881.

MAWA = ^ EToh^0.62h6^0.7 # LA h + ^0.3 # SLA h@

Where:
MAWA = Maximum Applied Water Allowance 0.62 = Conversion Factor (to gallons)
(gallons per year)
0.7 = ET Adjustment Factor (ETAF)
Eto = Reference Evapotranspiration
LA = Landscape Area including SLA (square feet)
(inches per year)
0.3 = Additional Water Allowance for SLA
SLA = Special Landscape Area (square feet)

Example:
(1) A hypothetical landscape project in Fresno, CA, with an irrigated landscape area of 50,000 square feet without
any Special Landscape Area (SLA= 0, no edible plants, recreational areas, or use of recycled water). To calculate
MAWA, the annual reference evapotranspiration value for Fresno is 51.1 inches.

MAWA = ^51.1in h^0 .62h6^0.7 # 50, 000ft 2h^0.3 # 0h@

= 1, 108, 870 gallons per year

To convert from gallons per year to hundred-cubic-feet per year:

1, 108, 870
= 748 = 1, 482 hundred cubic- feet per year

(100 cubic- feet = 784 gallons)

(2) In this next hypothetical example, the landscape project in Fresno, CA, has the same ETo value of 51.1 inches and
a total landscape area of 50,000 square feet. Within the 50,000 square foot project, there is now a 2,000 square
foot area planted with edible plants. This 2,000 square foot area is considered to be a Special Landscape Area.

MAWA = (51.1 in) ^0.62 h6^0.7 # 50, 000ft 2h + ^0.3 # 2, 000ft 2h@
= 31.68 # 635, 000 + 600@ gallons per year
= 31.68 # 35, 600 gallons per year
= 1, 127, 808 gallons per year or 1, 508 hundred cubic- feet per year

For complete information about the California Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance, visit the California
Department of Water Resources website at:
http://www.water.ca.gov/wateruseefficiency/landscapeordinance/technical.cfm

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS INDUSTRY MANDATES 11

AB 1881, CALIFORNIA CALCULATION OF ESTIMATED
TOTAL WATER USE (ETWU)

This formula is used to calculate the estimated Where:

amount of water used in a landscape. The ETWU ETWU = Estimated Total Water Use per year (gallons)
must be less than the Maximum Applied Water
Eto = Reference Evapotranspiration (inches)
Allowance (MAWA), as shown in the previous formula,
in order to receive project approval. The use of this PF = Plant Factor from WUCOLS (see Section 491)
formula is mandated by California State Assembly HA = Hydrozone Area [high, medium, and low
Bill 1881. water use areas] (square feet)
SLA = Special Landscape Area (square feet)
ETWU = ^ EToh^0.62ha
PF # HA # SLA k
IE 0.62 = Conversion Factor
IE = Irrigation Efficiency (minimum 0.71)

Example:
Using example 1 from page 11, determine the ETWU of an irrigated landscape area of 50,000 square feet with-
out any Special Landscape Areas (SLA=0, no edible plants, recreational areas, or use of recycled water). The ETo
value is 51.1 inches annually, and the plant water use type, plant factor, and hydrozone area are shown in the table
below.

Hydrozone Plant Water Use Plant Factor (PF)* Hydrozone Area PF x HA

Type(s) (HA) (square feet) (square feet)

1 High 0.8 7,000 5,600

2 High 0.7 10,000 7,000
3 Medium 0.5 16,000 8,000
4 Low 0.3 7,000 2,100
5 Low 0.2 10,000 2,000
Sum 24,700
*Plant Factor from WUCOLS

ETWU = ^51.1h^0.62hb
24, 700 + 0 l
0.71
= 1, 102, 176 gallons per year

Compare ETWU with MAWA: For this example MAWA = (51.1) (0.62) [(0.7 x 50,000) + (0.3 x 0)] = 1,108,870 gallons
per year. The ETWU (1,102,176 gallons per year) is less than MAWA (1,108,870 gallons per year). In this example,
the water budget complies with the MAWA.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS INDUSTRY MANDATES 12

AB 1881, CALIFORNIA CALCULATION OF ESTIMATED
TOTAL WATER USE (ETWU) (continued)

Using example 2 from page 11, determine the ETWU of an irrigated landscape area of 50,000 square feet with
2,000 square feet of edible plants (Special Landscape Area). The ETo value is 51.1 inches annually, and the plant
water use type, plant factor, and hydrozone area are shown in the table below.

Hydrozone Plant Water Use Plant Factor (PF)* Hydrozone Area PF x HA

Type(s) (HA) (square feet) (square feet)

1 High 0.8 7,000 5,600

2 High 0.7 9,000 6,300
3 Medium 0.5 15,000 7,500
4 Low 0.3 7,000 2,100
5 Low 0.2 10,000 2,000
Sum 23,500
6 SLA 1.0 2,000 2,000
*Plant Factor from WUCOLS

ETWU = ^51.1h^0.62hb 0.71 + 2, 000 l

23, 500

= ^31.68h^33, 099 + 2, 000h

= 1, 111, 993 gallons per year

Compare ETWU with MAWA. For this example:

MAWA = ^51.1h^0.62h6^0.7 # 50, 000h + ^0.3 # 2, 000h@

= 31.68 # 635, 000 + 600@
= 31.68 + 35, 600
= 1, 127, 808 gallons per year

The ETWU (1,111,993 gallons per year) is less than MAWA (1,127,808 gallons per year). For this example, the water
budget complies with the MAWA.
For complete information about the California Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance, visit the California
Department of Water Resources website at:
http://www.water.ca.gov/wateruseefficiency/landscapeordinance/technical.cfm

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS INDUSTRY MANDATES 13

MAXIMUM SYSTEM CAPACITY REQUIREMENT

The following formula is to be used to determine the gallons per minute (GPM) necessary for peak water demand
periods. While an area might survive for short periods with less water by utilizing soil moisture reserves, extended
periods of drought would require the maximum system capacity. The formulas below are a guide—the answer is
no better than the factors that go into the formula (e.g. Reference Evapotranspiration Rate, Area, Distribution
Uniformity, etc.).

GPM per hydrozone(s): This formula is used to deter- Total Area for Given GPM: This formula may be used
mine the maximum water required, in GPM, from the to determine the area that can be irrigated if you know
source based on the hydrozone’s characteristics. the gallons per minute of the water supply.

0.0104 # Et o # Area # K c GPM # DU # Hrs. Available

GPM = Area = 0.0104 # Et o # K c
DU # Hrs. Available

Variable Value Ranges: Where:

GPM = gallons per minute required Area = area to be irrigated in square feet
Eto = peak daily evapotranspiration for the worst GPM = gallons per minute available from the
case scenario in inches water supply
Area = area to be irrigated in square feet DU = Distribution Uniformity or Irrigation Efficiency
Kc = Crop Coefficient (use 1.0 if actual crop Hrs. Available  =  hours available for irrigation on the
coefficient is not known) worst case day
DU = distribution uniformity or irrigation efficiency Eto = peak daily evapotranspiration for the worst
case scenario
Hrs. Available  =  hours available for irrigation each day
in the worst case Kc = Crop Coefficient (use 1.0 if actual crop
coefficient is not known)
0.0104 = constant for conversion of area, flow and
inches per day, etc. into common units 0.0104 = constant for conversion of area, flow and
inches per day etc. into common units
Example:
A park has been designed with 450,000 square feet of Example:
turf, and all areas must be irrigated between 10 p.m.
A developer has a well on the site of a proposed golf
and 6 a.m. The crop coefficient is 60% (0.6) with an aver-
course. The well will produce 350 GPM. The course will
age peak evapotranspiration rate of 0.35 inches per day.
be designed with a distribution uniformity of 75%, and
The system distribution uniformity has been estimated
a watering window of 12 hours. The peak evapotranspi-
to be 65%. What will be the maximum GPM required for
ration rate in the area is 0.30 inches per day and the
the park?
turf has a crop coefficient of 80% (0.80). How large an
area can be watered with the existing well?
0.0104 # 0.35 # 450, 000 # 0.60
GPM = 0.65 # 8
350 # 0.75 # 12
Area = 0.0104 # 0.30 # 0.80
GPM = 189
Area = 1, 262, 019 ft 2 (approx. 29 acres)

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS MAXIMUM SYSTEM CAPACITY REQUIREMENT 14

MAXIMUM SYSTEM CAPACITY REQUIREMENT (continued)

Total Area for Given Gallons Per Day: This formula may be used to determine the area that can be irrigated
if you know the gallons available per day. This is the case in some water rationing systems or where a well capacity
is the limiting factor.

DU # Gallons
Area = 0.62333 # Et # K
o c

Where:
Area = area to be irrigated in square feet
DU = Distribution Uniformity or Irrigation Efficiency
Gallons = gallons available from the water supply on the worst case day
Eto = evapotranspiration for the worst case scenario
Kc = Crop Coefficient – use 1.0 if actual crop coefficient is not known
0.62333 = constant for conversion of area, flow and inches per day, etc. into common units
Example:
The city has developed guidelines that allot a commercial project 36,000 gallons of water per day during an
extended drought. The area being watered has a distribution uniformity of 60%, an average evapotranspiration
rate of 0.22 inches per day and an average crop coefficient of 70% (0.70). How much of their project can be
sustained with the city’s water allotment?

0.60 # 36, 000

Area = 0.62333 # 0.22 # 0.70

Area = 225, 017 ft 2 (approx. 5.2 acres)

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS MAXIMUM SYSTEM CAPACITY REQUIREMENT 15

PUMPS
BREAK HORSEPOWER

This formula determines the amount of power required at the pump shaft based on the pump efficiency. It does not
take into account any losses in the engine or electric motor.

Q#h
BHP = 3960 # E
f

Where: Example:
BHP = brake horsepower (1 HP = 550 ft-lbs/sec) A pump with an efficiency of 85% is pumping 500 GPM
with a total dynamic head of 230 feet. What is the brake
Q = pump discharge in gallons per minute (GPM)
horsepower required to drive the pump?
h = total dynamic head in feet
500 # 230
3960 = constant for conversion of units to brake BHP = 3960 # 0.85
horsepower
Ef = pump efficiency (decimal)
BHP = 34.17

HORSEPOWER REQUIRED IN PUMPING WATER

This formula is used to determine the brake horsepower requirements.

ft # GPM
BHP = 3960 # E
f

Where: Example:
BHP = Brake Horsepower A pump system is needed to pump 500 GPM from a
river 70 feet up to a golf course water reservoir. What is
ft = the number of feet the water is lifted
the minimum horsepower required to pump this water?
from the surface of the water source
This pump is rated at 75% efficient.
to the discharge point
GPM = the gallons per minute being pumped 70 # 500
HP = 3960 # 0.75
3960 = constant for conversion to horsepower
Ef = pump efficiency (decimal)
HP = 11.78 . 12
Brake horsepower is the power required at the pump
shaft required to drive the pump.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS PUMPS 16

NET POSITIVE HEAD AVAILABLE

The Net Positive Suction Head available is the absolute pressure available at the pump impeller. The Net Positive
Suction Head Available (NPSHA) must exceed the Net Positive Suction Head Requirement (NPSHR) or cavitation
will cause damage to the pump impeller. The NPSHR is determined by the pump manufacturer and is dependent
upon pump design and operating conditions.

NPSHA = ^ H o - H vh - H s - H f

Where: Example:
Ho  = atmospheric pressure in feet Use the diagram and the chart to determine the Net Positive Suction
of water Head Available. The pump is located 3,000 feet above sea level, the water
temperature is 60° F. The intake line is 20 feet long and the flow rate
Hv  = saturation vapor pressure in
is 100 GPM. The pressure loss through the foot valve is 1.5 PSI and the
feet of water
pressure loss through the fittings is estimated at 0.5 PSI.
Hs  = vertical height of the impeller
eye above the water surface NPSHA = 30 - 6 - ^1.5 # 2.31h - ^0.33 # 0.2 # 2.31h - ^0.5 # 2.31h
in feet
NPSHA = 19.21 feet of head
hf  = pressure loss due to friction
in the suction (intake) line in The Net Positive Suction Head Available (NPSHA) can be calculated by
feet of head (pressure losses the formula above while the Net Positive Suction Head Required (NPSHR)
in PSI must be multiplied by varies from one pump model to another and can be found with the pump
2.31 to convert to feet) performance curves provided by the manufacturer. For any given pumping
situation and pump model, the NPSHA must exceed the pump’s NPSHR in
order for the pump to operate properly and avoid cavitation.

(HO–HV) FOR A RANGE OF TEMPERATURES AND

ELEVATIONS

Water Elevation Above Sea Level (ft)

Temp. ˚F 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
4 inch Class 315 PVC
40° 33.7 32.5 31.4 30.3 29.2 28.1 27.0
50° 33.6 32.4 31.3 30.2 29.1 28.0 26.9
60° 33.4 32.2 31.1 30.0 28.9 27.8 26.7
6 feet
70° 33.2 32.0 30.9 29.8 28.7 27.6 26.5
80° 32.8 31.6 31.5 29.4 28.3 27.2 26.1 ↑
90° 32.4 31.2 30.1 29.0 27.9 26.8 25.7 Min.
Water Level
100° 31.8 30.6 29.5 28.4 27.3 26.2 25.1 ↑
Foot Valve
110° 31.1 29.9 28.8 27.7 26.6 25.5 24.4
120° 30.1 28.9 27.8 26.7 25.6 24.5 23.4
130° 28.9 27.7 26.6 25.5 24.5 23.3 22.2
140° 27.3 26.1 25.0 23.9 22.8 21.7 20.6
150° 25.4 24.2 23.1 22.0 20.9 19.8 18.7

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS PUMPS 17

TOTAL DYNAMIC HEAD

Total Dynamic Head is the amount of pressure that one pump must generate or be available for proper sprinkler
system operation. It represents the total of all pressure losses and requirements including: 1) pressure change
due to elevation, 2) sprinkler operating pressure, 3) friction loss in pipes, fittings and valves and 4) the pressure
required to move the water.

TDH = H s + H p + h f + H v

Where:
TDH = Total Dynamic Head is the maximum pressure the pump will be required to generate.
Hs = Static Head, the vertical distance in feet from the surface of the water source to the point of discharge,
in feet.
Hp = Pressure Head, the pressure required at the discharge (sprinkler, emitter or discharge pipe) in feet.
(If sprinkler PSI is used it must be multiplied by 2.31 to convert to feet.)
hf = Friction Head, the pressure lost due to friction in pipe, valves and and fittings from the water intake to
the discharge point, in feet. (If pressure loss is calculated in PSI, it must be multiplied by 2.31 to convert
to feet.)
Hv = Velocity Head, the energy required to move the water at the intended velocity (see velocity head) in feet.
Because this is an insignificant loss in Total Dynamic Head, it is sometimes ignored in these calculations.
Example:
Determine the Total Dynamic Head where the sprinkler operating pressure is 50 PSI, the maximum flow is
150 GPM, the intake line is 35 feet long and the discharge line is 450 feet. The pressure loss in the foot valve
at that flow rate is given by the manufacturer to be 1 PSI. In this sample problem we ignore the pressure loss
in fittings.

TDH = H s + H p + h f + H v

TDH = ^90 + 6h^50 + 2.31h + 9^35 + 450h # a 100 k # 2.31C + ^1 # 2.31h + 64.4
0.69 4.25

TDH = 221.82 feet

4 inch Class 315 PVC

Pump
←

6 feet

↑
Min.
↑ Water Level
Foot Valve

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS PUMPS 18

WATER HORSEPOWER REQUIREMENTS

This formula, also called Theoretical Horsepower, is used to calculate the amount of power required to pump a
given volume of water at a specified head.

GPM # TDH
WHP = 3960

Where:
WHP = horsepower output required
GPM = gallons per minute flow from the pump
TDH = Total Dynamic Head in feet of head
3960 = constant used to convert flow and head into horsepower
Example:
What is the water horsepower requirement to pump 200 GPM at 350 feet of head?

200 # 350
WHP = 3960

WHP = 17.7

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS PUMPS  19

SCHEDULING
COEFFICIENT OF UNIFORMITY

This formula is used to measure the variability of water distribution over a given area. It is calculated by using a
series of catchments and comparing the average (mean) catchment and the deviation from that average. This for-
mula was developed by J.E. Christiansen.

C u = 100 a 1.0 mn k
R\

Where:
Cu = Uniformity Coefficient
x = the deviation of individual observations or catchments
∑x = the sum of the deviations of individual observations from the mean value, m
m = mean value of all observations in the distribution
n = number of observations in the distribution
100= constant for conversion to percent

Example:
In a landscape area, eight catchments are placed between sprinklers and the above observations recorded. What is
the Coefficient of Uniformity?

C u = 100 a 46.75 # 8 k
1.0 - 26.00

C u = 93.0

↓ Sprinkler Head
Catchment # Catchment Quantity Deviation From Mean
↓ Catchment (number)
(ml) (mean = 46.75 ml)
① ③
1 48 1.25
2 51 4.25 ②
3 44 2.75
4 41 5.75 ④ ⑤
5 45 1.75
6 44 2.75
7 50 3.25 ⑦
8 51 4.25 ⑥ ⑧
Total 26.00
Note: catchment may be expressed in any convenient unit ( i.e. milliliters, ounces, etc.), as long as all catchments
are measured in the same units.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS SCHEDULING 20

DISTRIBUTION UNIFORMITY

This formula is one of several that are titled Distribution Uniformity. It is used to estimate the variation in water
application between sprinklers resulting from pressure variation, improper nozzle selection or lack of maintenance.

DU = 100 # b M l
MQ1

Where:
DU = Distribution Uniformity expressed as a percent
MQ1 = mean of observations in lowest 25% of the distribution
M = mean of distribution
100 = constant for conversion to percent

Example:

Catchment # Catchment Quantity after

15 Minutes in Milliliters
1 13* ↓ Sprinkler Head
↓ Catchment (number)
2 18*
3 22
① ③
4 17* ②
5 19
6
7
23
19
④ ⑤
8 21
9 22 ⑦
10 23 ⑥ ⑧
11 24
12 22
Total 243
* Lowest ¼ = 48

Note: catchment may be measured in any units (inches, ounces, millimeters, etc.)

DU = 100 # a 241 ' 12 k

48 ' 3

DU = 100 # a 20.25 k
16

DU = 100 # 0.79

DU = 79%
HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS SCHEDULING 21
PRECIPITATION RATE

Two formulas are shown below, the first is most useful when comparing precipitation rates between different types
of sprinklers or calculating precipitation rates on areas with a single type of sprinkler and uniform head and row
spacing. The second method is better suited to areas where sprinkler head flows or spacing varies. Metric versions
are shown in parenthesis.
Method #1: Individual Head Method

34650 # GPM (for any arc)

PR = Degrees Arc # Head Spacing # Row Spacing

e PR = = mm/hr o
m 3 /hr (for any arc) # 360, 000
Degrees of Arc # Head Spacing (m) # Row Spacing (m)

e PR = = mm/hr o
l/ min (for any arc) # 21, 600
Degrees of Arc # Head spacing (m) # Row Spacing (m)

Where: Example:
PR = precipitation rate in inches per hour What is the precipitation rate for a 270 degree sprinkler
with 6.8 GPM spaced at 28' by 30'?
GPM = flow for a given sprinkler of any arc,
in gallons per minute
34, 650 # 6.8
Degrees Arc = the arc of the given sprinkler in PR = 270 # 28 # 30
degrees
Head Spacing = the space between the heads in a row,
PR = 1.04 inches per hour
in feet
Row Spacing = the space between rows of heads,
in feet
34,650 = constant for conversion of area and
flow into common units

Method #2 : Total Area Method

d PR = = mm/hr n d PR = = mm/hr n
96.25 # Total GPM Total m 3 /hr GPM Total l/ min # 60
^ h Total Area ^m 2h
PR = Total Area 2
Total Area m

Where: Example:
PR = precipitation rate in inches per hour What is the average precipitation rate for a section of
turf 325' by 80' if the total flow from all sprinklers in the
Total GPM = total flow from all sprinklers in the given
area is 112 GPM.
area in gallons per minute
Total Area = the given irrigated area in square feet 96.25 # 112
^325 # 80h
PR =
96.25 = constant for conversion of area and flow
into common units
PR = 0.41 inches per hour
HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS SCHEDULING 22
PRECIPITATION RATE (continued)

This formula is used to determine the minimum precipitation rate than can be used to deliver the required
water during the peak period of water usage.

ET # Total Acres
Minimum PR = Hours Avail. # Acre per Section # Valves # Efficiency

Where:
Minimum PR = minimum required precipitation rate in inches per hour
ET = amount of water to be applied in inches per day, including crop coefficient
Total Acres = the area to be irrigated in acres
Hours Avail. = hours available for irrigation each day
Acres per Section = average area covered by one control valve in acres
Valves = number of valves operating at one time
Efficiency = system operating efficiency in decimal equivalent of percent
Example:
What is the minimum precipitation rate that will deliver 0.28 inches of water to 15 acres under the
following conditions:
• during a 12 hour period
• the average section is 0.40 acres (17,424 square feet)
• there will be two valves operating at one time
• the system efficiency is 75%

0.28 # 15
12 # 0.40 # 2 # 0.75

= 0.58 inches per hour min imum precipitation rate required

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS SCHEDULING 23

HOW TO CALCULATE AREAS

Square or rectangle Irregular shapes 32 ft

A = L#W Find the length of the

longest line across the 50 ft
area. Every 10 ft along
Where:
the length line, measure
L = length 45 ft
the width of the area
W = width at right angles to the
Example: W=50' length line. Total all widths
17 ft
and multiply by 10.
A = 90 ft # 50 ft
L=90' Area = ^ A + B + C, etch # 10
A = 4, 500 ft 2
Area = ^32 ft + 50 ft + 45 ft + 17 ft h # 10
Area = 144 # 10
Ovals or egg shapes (within 5% accuracy)
Area = 1, 440 ft 2
A = 0.8 L # W
Triangle
Where:
L = length Area = 0.5 # B # H H=75
W=40'
W = width at midpoint L=60
Where: Example: B=125
Example: B = base Area = 0.5 # 125 ft # 75 ft
A = 0.8 # 60 # 40
H = height Area = 4, 687 ft 2
A = 1, 920 ft 2

Trapezoid
Area = 0.5 # ^ A + B h # H
Circle (within 5% accuracy) A=50

A = 0.8 D 2 Where:
H=30
A = one parallel side
Where: B = second parallel side
D = diameter B=70
R=25 H = height perpendicular to parallel sides
Example:
Example:
A = 0.8 # 50 ft # 50 ft
Area = 0.5 # ^50 ft + 70 fth # 30 ft
A = 2, 000 ft 2
Area = 0.5 # 120 ft # 30 ft
Unusual shapes
Area = 1, 800 ft 2
Divide the area into sections of regular geometric
shapes, calculate the area of each section, then total: R=30
Circle
Example:
Area = rr 2
Area of triangle
Where: Example:
+ Area of rectangle π = 3.14
Area = 3.14 # ^30 ft # 30 fth
+ Area of one-half of circle R = radius Area = 2, 826 ft 2
= Total area
HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS SCHEDULING 24
SCHEDULING COEFFICIENT

A scheduling coefficient is used to measure the uniformity of water distribution by relating the lowest precipita-
tion rate for any contiguous region within an irrigated area to the overall precipitation rate of the entire area.

PR
SC = LPR

Where: Example:
SC =  Scheduling Coefficient, 1.0 would be In a catchment test, collectors are placed at two foot
perfect uniformity intervals. The average precipitation rate is calculated
to be 1.6 inches per hour. The lowest precipitation rate
PR = Precipitation Rate
of all catchments was 0.8 inches per hour. What is the
LPR = Lowest Precipitation Rate in the irrigated area Scheduling Coefficient?

1.6
SC = 0.8 SC = 2.0

IRRIGATION FREQUENCY

The Irrigation Frequency Formula calculates the maximum interval allowed between irrigation cycles. This irriga-
tion interval is dependent on soil type, root zone depth, and water lost by evapotranspiration of a specific crop.
The frequency, or “Set Days To Water”, is calculated using the following formula:

AWHC # RZ # MAD
F= ETo # K c
Where: Example:
A zone in your system is irrigating established warm
F = Irrigation frequency
season turf which is growing in a sandy loam on a slight
AWHC =   Available Water Holding Capacity is the mois- slope with an available water holding capacity of 1 inch
ture level in the soil which is above the plant’s per foot of soil. The root depth of the turf is 9 inches.
permanent wilting point, and below the soil’s The average precipitation rate is 0.49 inches per hour.
field capacity, in inches per foot The system is located in San Marcos, CA where the daily
RZ = root zone, in feet moisture loss (ETo) to be replenished is 0.20 inches.
The crop coefficient (Kc) is set at 70%. The allowable
MAD =  Management Allowable Depletion of water water depletion will be 50%.
from the AWHC percent. MAD of 30-50% will
sustain a healthy landscape.
1.0" # 0.75' # 50% 1.0 # 0.75 # 0.50
F= 0.20" # 0.70 = 0.20 # 0.70
ETo = reference evapotranspiration rate, in inches
per day
Kc = crop coefficient, decimal F = 2.68

F = 2 days

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS SCHEDULING 25

SPRINKLER RUN TIME

The sprinkler run time formula calculates the number of minutes required to apply enough water to replace the
water lost by evapotranspiration for a specific crop irrigated with a system at a particular precipitation rate and
efficiency.
The run time is calculated using the following formula:

60 # D # ETo # K c
T= PR # IE

Where:
T = sprinkler run time in minutes
60 = constant for conversion of area, flow, inches per hour and inches per day into common units
D = watering frequency in days
ETo = reference evapotranspiration rate, in inches per day
Kc = crop coefficient, decimal
PR = precipitation rate of the area, in inches per hour
IE = application efficiency of the system, percent
Example:
Determine the sprinkler run time for an athletic field with a daily ETo of 0.15 inches and a crop coefficient for the
warm season turf of 0.70. The watering schedule is set for every three days. The sprinkler precipitation rate is 0.50
inches per hour with an application efficiency of 75%.

60 # 3 # 0.15" # 0.70 60 # 30 # 0.15 # 0.70

T= = 0.50 # 0.75
0.50" # 75%

T = 50 minutes every 3 days

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FORMULAS SCHEDULING 26

CONVERSIONS

CONVERSIONS
28   VARIABLES AND UNITS

29   CONVERSION TABLE
29   Area
30   Concentration
30   Flow
31   Length
33   Light Intensity
34   Power
35   Pressure
37   Pressure Loss
37   Temperature
37   Velocity
39   Volume
43   Weight

44   DECIMAL AND METRIC EQUIVALENTS OF COMMON FRACTIONS

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 27

VARIABLES AND UNITS
Symbol Definition Imperial Units Metric Units
a Cross-sectional area of pipe flow inches² mm²
Ar Area of land feet² acres m², ha
Ae Area of land feet² m²
AW Available soil water iches centimeters
BP Barometric pressure feet meters
C Hazen-Willimas friction coefficient none none
Cu Christiansen’s coefficient of uniformity percent percent
d Inside diameter of a pipe inches millimeters
dv Difference between an observed value and the mean value inches³ mL
Dt Diameter of throw of sprinkler feet meters
DU Distribution uniformity percent percent
E Elevation of a point feet meters
EA Application Efficiency percent percent
ETc Crop Evapotranspiration inches per day millimeters per day
ETo Reference Evapotranspiration inches per day millimeters per day
H Energy head, usually sum of elevation and pressure feet meters
I Electrical current amps A
ID Inside diameter of pipe inches meters/meters
hf Energy loss due to friction feet/feet meters/meters
Kc Crop Coefficient percent percent
kPa Kilopascals PSI bars
ks Constant used to compute sprinkler spacing none none
L Spacing between lateral lines feet meters
MAD Management allowed depletion none none
MC Maximum coverage for single row sprinklers feet meters
n Number of observations in a uniformity test none none
NPSHA Net positive suction head available feet meters
NPSHR Net positive suction head required feet meters
OD Outside diameter of pipe inches millimeters
P Pressure of water pounds per inch² (PSI) kPa, bars
Pal Allowable loss in pressure pounds per inch² (PSI) kPa, bars
Pav Average pressure in a zone pounds per inch² (PSI) kPa, bars
PET Potential evapotranspiration inches per day millimeters per day
PSI Pounds per square inch
PR Precipitation rate inches per hour millimeters per hour
PL Pressure losses due to friction feet meters
Po Sprinkler operating pressure PSI kPa, bars
Pv Pressure Variation percent percent
Ps Static Pressure PSI kPa, bars
Q Flow of water in a pipe or from a sprinkler gallons per minute liters per second
qe Flow of water gallons per minute 1/minute, m³/hr
R Electrical resistance ohms
Rt Radius of throw of sprinkler feet meters
RAW Readily available water inches millimeters
S Sprinkler spacing feet meters
SC Scheduling coefficient ratio ratio
SD Scalloped distance feet meters
t Time of application or other timed events h h
TDH Total dynamic head feet meters
v Average velocity of water in a pipe feet per second (fps) meters per second
Vo Electrical voltage volts V
VP Vapor pressure of water feet meters
X Mean of all values in Cu eq.
XLQ Mean of the lower one-fourth of the application values, Du eq.
z Change in elevation between two points feet meters

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 28

CONVERSION TABLE

Note: Conversions listed in this manual are not exact. Refer to sources such as Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
and C.R.C. Standard Math Tables by the Chemical Rubber Company, Scientific Tables by Ciba-Geigy Ltd., Websters
Desk Encyclopedia by Griesewood and Dempsey, Field Geologists Manual by the Australian Institute of Mining and
Metallurgy, Conversion Factors by Forney’s Inc., Conversions by Cahn Instruments and Technical Reference Hand-
book by E.P. Rasis for more detailed conversions and specifications.

Convert From Into Multiply By

AREA
acres hectares or square hectometer 0.4047
square feet 43,560
square meters 4,047
square miles 0.0015625
square yards 4,840
square inches 6,272,640
hectares acres 2.471
square centimeter 100,000,000
square feet 107,629
square meters 10,000
square miles 0.00386
square centimeters acres 2.4702 x 10-⁸
square feet 0.001076
square inches 0.155
square millimeters 100
square miles 3.861 x 10-¹¹
square yards 0.0001196
square feet acres 2.2957 x 10-⁵
square centimeters 929.03
square inches 144
square meters 0.0929
square miles 3.58701 x 10-⁸
square millimeters 9.29 x 10⁴
square yards 0.1111
square inches acres 1.594 x 10-⁷
square centimeters 6.4516
square feet 0.00694
square meters 0.000645
square miles 2.491 x 10-¹⁰
square millimeters 645.16
square kilometers acres 247.105
square centimeters 1.0 x 10¹⁰
square feet 1.07639 x 10⁷
square inches 1.550003 x 10⁹
square meters 1.0 x 10⁶
square miles 0.3861
square yards 1.196 x 10⁶

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 29

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
AREA (continued)
square meters acres 0.000247
hectares 0.0001
square centimeters 10,000
square feet 10.7639
square inches 1,550.003
square kilometers 1.0 x 10-⁶
square miles 3.86 x 10-⁷
square millimeters 1 x 10⁶
square yards 1.195961
square miles acres 640
hectares 258.999
square feet 2.78783 x 10⁷
square kilometers 2.58999
square meters 258,999
square yards 3,098,000 (3.098 x 10⁶)
square millimeters square centimeters 0.01
square feet 1.076 x10-⁵
square inches 0.00155
square meters 1.0 x10-⁶
square yards acres 0.000207
hectares 8.3613 x 10-⁵
square centimeters 8,361.27
square feet 9
square inches 1296
square meters 0.8361
square miles 3.228 x 10-⁷
CONCENTRATION
kilograms per hectare pounds per acre 0.8924
part per million grams per liter 0.001
milligrams per liter 1
ounces per ton (short) 0.0292
percent 0.0001
pounds per millions gallons 8.345
pounds per cubic foot grams per cubic centimeter 0.016018
kilograms per cubic meter 16.018
pounds per cubic inch 5.787 x 10-⁴
pounds per cubic yard 27
FLOW
cubic feet per minute acre-feet per hour 0.00138
acre-feet per minute 2.2956 x 10-⁵
cubic meters per second 0.00047195
gallons (U.S.) per minute 7.48052
liters per second 0.47193

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 30

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
FLOW (continued)
cubic feet per second acre-inches per hour 0.99173
cubic meters per second 0.02832
gallons (U.S.) per minute 448.83
liters per minute 1,698.96
liters per second 28.316
millions gallons (U.S.) per day 0.64632
gallons (U.S.) per day cubic feet per hour 0.00557
gallons (British) per hour cubic meters per minute 7.5768 x 10-⁵
gallons (U.S.) per hour acre-feet per hour 3.0689 x 10-⁶
cubic feet per hour 0.13368
cubic meters per minute 6.309 x 10-⁵
gallons per minute 0.0166667
liters per hour 3.7853
gallons (U.S.) per minute acre-feet per day 0.0044192
cubic feet per hour 8.0208
cubic feet per second 0.002228
cubic meters per hour 0.2268
cubic meters per second 0.000063
gallons (U.S.) per hour 60
liters per minute 3.7853
liters per second 0.06308
liters per minute cubic feet per minute 0.0353
cubic feet per second 0.000588
gallons per minute 0.26418
gallons per second 0.004403
liters per second cubic feet per minute 2.1189
cubic feet per second 0.0353
cubic yards per minute 0.07848
liters per second-square meter gallons per minute-square foot 1.4726
millions of gallons per day acre feet per day 3.0689
acre inches per day 36.8266
acre inches per hour 1.53444
cubic feet per hour 5,570.023
cubic feet per minute 92.834
cubic feet per second 1.547
gallons per hour 41,666.667
gallons per minute 694.4444
pounds of water per minute cubic feet per second .000267
LENGTH
centimeters feet 0.03281
inches 0.3937
meters 0.01
microns 10,000

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 31

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
LENGTH (continued)
centimeters miles (statute) 6.2137 x 10-⁶
millimeters 10
mils 393.7
picas (printers) 2.371
points (printers) 28.4528
yards 0.01094
feet centimeters 30.48
inches 12
kilometers 3.048 x 10-⁴
meters 0.3048
microns 304,800
miles (statute) 0.000189
millimeters 304.8
yards 0.333333
inches centimeters 2.54
feet 0.08333
meters 0.0254
microns 25,400
miles 1.578 x 10-⁵
millimeters 25.4
mils 1,000
yards 0.0278
kilometers centimeters 100,000
feet 3,280.84
inches 39,370
miles 0.62137
millimeters 10⁶
yards 1,093.61
meters centimeters 100
fathoms 0.54681
feet 3.28084
furlongs 0.00497
inches 39.3701
kilometers 0.001
miles 0.000621
millimeters 1,000
mils 39,370.08
yards 1.0936
microns centimeters 0.0001
feet 3.2808 x 10-⁶
inches 3.937 x 10-⁵
meters 1 x 10-⁶
millimeters 0.001

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 32

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
LENGTH (continued)
miles (statute) centimeters 160,934
feet 5,280
furlongs 8
inches 63,360
kilometers 1.609344
light years 1.701 x 10-¹²
meters 1,609.344
yards 1,760
millimeters centimeters 0.1
feet 0.00328
inches 0.03937
meters 0.001
mils 39.37
yards 1.094 x 10-³
mils centimeters 2.54 x 10-³
feet 8.333 x 10-⁵
inches 0.001
kilometer 2.54 x 10-⁸
yards 2.778 x 10-⁵
yards centimeters 91.44
cubits 2
fathoms 0.5
feet 3
furlongs 0.004545
inches 36
kilometers 9.144 x 10-⁴
meters 0.9144
miles 5.682 x 10-⁴
millimeters 914.4
LIGHT INTENSITY
foot-candles foot-lamberts 1
lumens per square foot 1
lumens per square meter 10.7639
lux 10.7639
lumens candle power 0.07958
watt 0.0015
lumens per square foot foot-candles 1
foot-lamberts 1
lumens per square meter 10.7639
lumens per square meter foot-candles 0.0929
lumens per square foot 0.0929
lux foot-candles 0.0929
lumens per square meter 1

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 33

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
POWER
BTU foot-pounds 777.649
horsepower-hours 0.00039
kilowatt-hours 0.00029287
kilowatt-hours (international) 0.00029283
joules 1,054.35
joules (international) 1,054.18
therms 0.00001
BTU per hour horsepower per hours 0.00039
kilowatts 0.00029
watts 0.29287
BTU per minute foot-pounds per second 12.96
horsepower 0.02356
kilowatts 0.01757
watts 17.5725
foot-pounds horsepower-hours 5.05 x 10-⁷
kilowatt-hours 3.766 x 10-⁷
horsepower (mechanical) Btu per minute 42.436
feet-pounds per min 33,000
feet-pounds per second 550
horsepower (electric) 0.9996
horsepower (metric) 1.0139
horsepower (water) 0.99954
kilograms-calories per minute 10.68
kilowatts 0.7457
watts 745.7
kilowatts Btu per hour 3414.4
foot-pounds per hour 2,655,000
horsepower 1.341
horsepower (boiler) 0.1019
horsepower (electric) 1.34
horsepower (metric) 1.3596
kilowatts (international) 0.99983
kilowatt-hours Btu 3414.4
horsepower-hours 1.341
foot-pounds 2,655,000
kilogram-meters 367,098
watts Btu per hour 3.4144
horsepower 0.00134
horsepower (electric) 0.00134
horsepower (metric) 0.0013596
kilowatts 0.001
watts (international) 0.9998

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 34

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
PRESSURE
atmosphere bars 1.01325
centimeter of mercury at 0°C 76
centimeter of water at 4°C 1,033.26
dynes per square centimeter 1,013,250
feet of water at 39.2°F 33.8995
inches of mercury at 32°F 29.9213
kilograms per square centimeter 1.0332
kilograms per square meter 10,332
meters of water at 4°C 10.3326
mm of mercury at 0°C 760
pounds per square inch 14.696
bars atmospheres 0.98692
centimeter of mercury at 0°C 75.0062
dynes per square centimeter 1,000,000
feet water at 60°F 33.4883
inches of mercury at 32°F 29.53
pounds per square foot 2,089
pounds per square in 14.5038
dynes per square centimeter atmospheres 9.869 x 10-⁷
bars 1 x 10-6
centimeters of mercury at 0°C 7.500617 x 10-⁵
centimeters of water at 4°C 0.00101975
inches of mercury at 32°F 2.953 x 10-⁵
inches of water at 4°C 0.000401
pounds per square inch 1.45 x 10-⁵
feet of water at 4°C atmospheres 0.0295
centimeter of mercury at 0°C 2.2419
dynes per square centimeter 29,889.80
grams per square centimeter 30.479
inches of mercury at 32°F 0.8826
kilograms per square meter 304.79
pounds per square inch 0.433501
inches of mercury at 32°F atmospheres 0.03342
bars 0.03386
dynes per square centimeter 33,864
feet of air at 1 atm, 60°F 926.2
feet of water at 39.2°F 1.1329
grams per square centimeter 34.532
kilograms per square meter 345.32
millimeters of mercury at 60°F 25.4
ounces per square inch 7.858
pounds per square inch 70.7264

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 35

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
PRESSURE (continued)
inches of water at 4°C atmospheres 0.002458
dynes per square centimeter 2,490.80
inches of mercury at 32°F 0.07355
kilograms per square centimeter 0.00254
kilograms per square meter 25.399
ounces per square foot 83.235
ounces per square inch 0.57802
pounds per square foot 5.20218
pounds per square inch 0.03613
kilograms per cubic meter grams per cubic centimeter 0.001
pounds per cubic foot 0.0624
kilograms per square centimeter atmospheres 0.967
bars 0.98066
centimeters of mercury at 0°C 73.556
dynes per square centimeter 98,066
feet of water at 39.2°F 32.809
inches of mercury at 32°F 28.959
pounds per square foot 2,048
pounds per square inch 14.22
kilograms per square meter atmospheres 9.678 x 10-⁵
bars 9.8066 x 10-⁵
dynes per square centimeter 98.066
feet of water at 39.2°F 0.00328
inches of mercury at 32°F 0.0029
kilopascals 9.80665 x 10-³
millimeters of mercury at 0°C 0.07356
pascals 9.8066
pounds per square foot 0.20482
pounds per square inch 0.00142
pounds per square yard 1.8433
kiloPascals (kPa) bars 0.01
feet of water 0.33458
kilograms per square centimeter 0.0102
kilograms per square meter 101.97
meters of head 0.1021
pounds per square inch 0.14503
centimeters of mercury at 0°C 0.75
centimeters of water at 4°C 10.197
dynes per square centimeter 10,000
grams per square centimeter 10.197
inches of mercury at 32°F 0.2953
inches of water at 39.2°F 4.014788
pounds per square foot 20.88
millimeter of mercury at 0°C 7.5

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 36

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
PRESSURE (continued)
millibars atmospheres 0.000987
bars 0.001
dynes per square centimeter 1,000
inches of mercury at 32°F 0.0295
pounds per square foot 2.0885
Newtons dynes 100,000
pounds 0.2248089
Pascal Newton per square meter 1
pounds per square inch 0.000145
pounds per square inch atmospheres 0.06805
bars 0.06895
centimeters of mercury at 0°C 5.17149
centimeters of water at 4°C 70.3089
dynes per square centimeter 68,947
feet of water 2.307
grams per square centimeter 70.307
inches of mercury at 32°F 2.036
inches of water at 39.2°F 27.681
kilograms per square centimeter 0.07031
kilopascals (kPa) 6.895
pounds per square foot 144
millimeters of mercury at 0°C 51.715
PRESSURE LOSS
bars per 100 meters kilopascals per 100 meters 100.004
meters per 100 meters 10.211
PSI per 100 feet 4.421
kilopascals (kPa) per 100 meters bars per 100 meters 0.010
meters per 100 meters 0.1021
PSI per 100 feet 0.0442
meters per 100 meters bars per 100 meters 0.0979
kilopascals per 100 meters 9.79
PSI per 100 feet 0.433
 ounds per square inch (PSI)
p bars per 100 meters 0.226
per 100 feet.
kilopascals per 100 meters 22.621
meters per 100 meters 2.31
TEMPERATURE
Centigrade Fahrenheit (°C x 1.8) + 32
Fahrenheit Centigrade (°F -32) / 1.8
VELOCITY
cubic meters per minute gallons (British) per minute 219.969
gallons (U.S.) per minute 264.172
liters per minute 1000

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 37

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
VELOCITY (continued)
feet per minute centimeters per second 0.508
kilometers per hour 0.018288
kilometers per minute 0.000348
meters per minute 0.3048
meters per second 0.00508
miles per hour 0.011364
feet per second centimeters per second 30.48
kilometers per hour 1.09728
kilometers per minute 0.01829
meters per minute 18.288
meters per second 0.3048
miles per hour 0.681818
feet per (second x second) centimeters per (second x second) 30.48
kilometers per (hour x second) 1.0973
meters per (second x second) 0.3048
gravity constant centimeter per (second x second) 980.6
feet per (second x second) 32.17
inches per hour centimeters per hour 2.54
feet per hour 0.0833
miles per hour 1.5783 x 10-⁵
inches per minute centimeters per hour 152.4
feet per hour 5
feet per second 0.0013889
miles per hour 0.000947
kilometers per hour centimeters per second 27.778
feet per hour 3,280.84
feet per minute 54.6807
meters per second 0.2778
miles per hour 0.62137
meters per hour feet per hour 3.2808
feet per minute 0.05468
knots 0.00054
miles per hour 0.000621
meters per minute centimeters per second 1.66667
feet per minute 3.2808
feet per second 0.05468
kilometers per hour 0.06
miles per hour 0.03728
meters per second feet per minute 196.85
feet per second 3.2818
kilometers per hour 3.6
miles per hour 2.2369
miles per minute 0.03728

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 38

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
VELOCITY (continued)
miles per hour centimeters per second 44.704
feet per hour 5,280
feet per minute 88
feet per second 1.4667
kilometers per hour 1.6094
kilometers per minute 0.0268
knots (international) 0.86897
meters per minute 26.822
miles per minute 0.01667
VOLUME
acre-feet cubic feet 43,560
cubic meters 1,233.482
cubic yards 1,613.33
gallons (U.S.) 325,900
liters 1,233,455.5
acre inches cubic feet 3,630
cubic meters 102.79033
gallons (U.S.) 27,154.29
bushels (British) bushels (U.S.) 1.03206
cubic feet 1.28435
gallons (British) 8
liters 36.3677
bushels (U.S.) bushels (British) 0.96894
cubic feet 1.24446
gallons (U.S. dry) 8
gallons (U.S. liquid) 9.30918
cubic centimeters cubic feet 3.5315 x 10-⁵
cubic inches 0.06102
cubic meters 1 x 10-⁶
gallons (British) 0.00022
gallons (U.S. dry) 0.00023
gallons (U.S. liquid) 0.00026
liters 0.001
ounces (British liquid) 0.03519
ounces (U.S. liquid) 0.03381
cubic feet acre-feet 2.296 x 10-⁵
cubic centimeters 28,316.8
cubic inches 1,728
cubic meters 0.02832
gallons (U.S. dry) 6.42851
gallons (U.S. liquid) 7.48052
liters 28.316
ounces (British fluid) 996.614
ounces (U.S. fluid) 957.506

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 39

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
VOLUME (continued)
cubic feet pints (U.S. dry) 51.4281
pints (U.S. liquid) 59.8442
quarts (U.S. dry) 25.714
quarts (U.S. liquid) 29.922
cubic feet of water at 60°F pounds of water 63.367
cubic inches cubic centimeters 16.3871
cubic meters 1.639 x 10-⁵
cubic yards 2.143 x 10-⁵
gallons (U.S. dry) 0.00372
gallons (U.S. liquid) 0.00433
liters 0.01639
milliliters 16.3866
ounces (British liquid) 0.57674
ounces (U.S. liquid) 0.55411
quarts (U.S. dry) 0.01488
quarts (U.S. liquid) 0.01732
cubic meters acre-feet 0.00081
cubic centimeters 1,000,000
cubic feet 35.3147
cubic inches 61,023.70
cubic yards 1.30795
gallons (British) 219.969
gallons (U.S. liquid) 264.172
liters 1,000
quarts (U.S. liquid) 1,056.69
cubic yards cubic feet 27
cubic meters 0.76455
gallons (British) 168.179
gallons (U.S. dry) 173.569
gallons (U.S. liquid) 201.974
liters 764.533
cup gallons 0.0625
pints 0.5
milliliters 284.13
quarts 0.25
tablespoons 16
teaspoons 48
gallons (British) barrels (British) 0.0277
bushels 0.125
cubic centimeters 4,546.09
cubic feet 0.1605
cubic inches 277.419
gallons (U.S. liquid) 1.2009
liters 4.546

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 40

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
VOLUME (continued)
gallons (British) ounces (British liquid) 160
ounces (U.S. liquid) 153.721
pounds of water at 62°F 10
gallons (U.S. dry) barrels (U.S. dry) 0.038096
barrels (U.S. liquid) 0.03694
cubic centimeters 4,404.88
cubic feet 0.15556
gallons (U.S. liquid) 1.163647
liters 4.4048
gallons (U.S. liquid) acre-feet 3.0688 x 10-⁶
barrels (U.S. liquid) 0.031746
barrels (U.S. petroleum) 0.023809
cubic centimeters 3,785.41
cubic feet 0.13368
cubic inches 231
cubic meters 0.00378
cubic yards 0.00495
gallons (British) 0.83267
gallons (U.S. dry) 0.85937
gallons (U.S. wine) 1
liters 3.7853
ounces (U.S. liquid) 128
pints (U.S. liquid) 8
quarts (U.S. liquid) 4
gallons (U.S.) of water at 4°C pounds of water 8.34517
gallons (U.S.) of water at 60°F pounds of water 8.32823
liters bushels (British) 0.0275
bushels (U.S.) 0.02838
cubic centimeters 1,000
cubic feet 0.03532
cubic inches 61.002
cubic meters 0.001
cubic yards 0.001308
gallons (British) 0.21998
gallons (U.S. dry) 0.22703
gallons (U.S. liquid) 0.26418
ounces (British fluid) 35.196
ounces (U.S. fluid) 33.81497
pints (British) 1.7598
pints (U.S. dry) 1.8162
pints (U.S. liquid) 2.1134
quarts (British) 0.8799
quarts (U.S. dry) 0.9081
quarts (U.S. liquid) 1.0567

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 41

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
VOLUME (continued)
ounces (U.S. liquid) cubic centimeters 29.5737
cubic inches 1.80469
cups 0.1698
cubic meters 2.9574 x 10-⁵
drops 360.14
gallons (U.S. liquid) 0.00781
liters 0.02957
milliliters 29.57
quarts (U.S. liquid) 0.0312
teaspoons 6
tablespoons 2
pint (U.S. liquid) cubic centimeters 473.176
cubic feet 0.01671
cubic inches 28.875
cups 2
fifths 0.625
gallons (U.S. liquid) 0.125
liters 0.473176
millimeters 473.163
ounces (U.S. liquid) 16
quarts (U.S. liquid) 0.5
teaspoons 96
tablespoons 32
quarts (U.S. liquid) cubic centimeters 946.353
cubic feet 0.0334
cubic inches 57.75
cubic meters 0.464 x 10-⁴
cubic yards 0.001238
fifth 1.25
gallons (U.S. liquid) .25
liters 0.9463
magnums 0.5
ounces (U.S. liquid) 32
pints (U.S. liquid) 2
quarts (British) 0.859367
shots 32
tablespoons cups 0.0625
drops 180
ounces (U.S. liquid) 0.5
quarts 0.01562
teaspoons 3
teaspoons cups 0.02083
drops 60
ounces (U.S. liquid) 0.1666

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 42

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
VOLUME (continued)
teaspoons pinch 3 to 4
pints 0.01042
quarts 0.00521
tablespoons 0.3333
WEIGHT
dynes kilograms 1.02 x 10-⁶
pounds 2.248 x 10-⁶
grams dynes 980.66
ounces 0.03527
pounds 0.0022046
kilograms drams 564.38
dynes 980,665
grams 1,000
ounces 35.27396
pounds 2.20462
tons (short) 0.001102
milligrams grams 0.001
ounces 3.527 x 10-⁵
pounds 2.205 x 10-⁶
ounces grams 28.349
kilograms 0.02835
pounds 0.0625
tons (metric) 2.835 x 10-⁵
tons (short) 3.125 x 10-⁵
pounds drams 256
dynes 444,800
grains 7,000
grams 453.59
kilograms 0.4536
ounces 16
tons (long) 0.0004464
tons (metric) 0.0004536
tons (short) 0.0005
pounds of water cubic feet 0.01602
cubic inches 27.68
gallons 0.1198
liters 0.4545
tons (metric) dynes 9.807 x 10⁸
kilograms 1,000
ounces 35,273.95
pounds 2,204.62
tons (short) 8.8964 x 10⁸

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 43

CONVERSION TABLE (continued)
Convert From Into Multiply By
WEIGHT (continued)
tons (short) dynes 1.1023
kilograms 907.18
ounces 32,000
pounds 2,000
tons (long) 0.89286
tons (metric) 0.90718

DECIMAL AND METRIC EQUIVALENTS OF COMMON FRACTIONS

Fractions of an Decimals of an Millimeters Fractions of an Decimals of an Millimeters

Inch Inch Inch Inch
1/64 0.015625 0.397 ³³⁄₆₄ 0.515625 13.097
¹⁄₃₂ 0.03125 0.794 ¹⁷⁄₃₂ 0.523125 13.494
³⁄₆₄ 0.046875 1.191 ³⁵⁄₆₄ 0.546875 13.891
¹⁄₁₆ 0.0625 1.588 ⁹⁄₁₆ 0.5625 14.288
⁵⁄₆₄ 0.078125 1.984 ³⁷⁄₆₄ 0.578125 14.684
³⁄₃₂ 0.09375 2.381 ¹⁹⁄₃₂ 0.59375 15.081
⁷⁄₆₄ 0.109375 2.778 ³⁹⁄₆₄ 0.609375 15.478
¹⁄₈ 0.125 3.175 ⁵⁄₈ 0.625 15.875
⁹⁄₆₄ 0.140625 3.572 ⁴¹⁄₆₄ 0.640625 16.272
⁵⁄₃₂ 0.15625 3.969 ²¹⁄₃₂ 0.65625 16.669
¹¹⁄₆₄ 0.171875 4.366 ⁴³⁄₆₄ 0.671875 17.066
³⁄₁₆ 0.1875 4.763 ¹¹⁄₁₆ 0.6875 17.463
¹³⁄₆₄ 0.203125 5.159 ⁴⁵⁄₆₄ 0.703125 17.859
⁷⁄₃₂ 0.21875 5.556 ²³⁄₃₂ 0.71875 18.256
¹⁵⁄₆₄ 0.234375 5.953 ⁴⁷⁄₆₄ 0.734375 18.653
¹⁄₄ 0.250 6.350 ¾ 0.750 19.050
¹⁷⁄₆₄ 0.265625 6.747 ⁴⁹⁄₆₄ 0.765625 19.447
⁹⁄₃₂ 0.28125 7.144 ¹⁵⁄₃₂ 0.78125 19.844
¹⁹⁄₆₄ 0.296875 7.541 ⁵¹⁄₆4 0.796875 20.241
⁵⁄₁₆ 0.3125 7.938 ¹³⁄₁₆ 0.8125 20.638
²¹⁄₆₄ 0.328125 8.334 ⁵³⁄₆₄ 0.828125 21.034
¹¹⁄₃₂ 0.34375 8.731 ¹⁷⁄₃₂ 0.84375 21.431
²³⁄₆₄ 0.359375 9.128 ⁵⁵⁄₆₄ 0.859375 21.828
³⁄₈ 0.375 9.525 ⁷⁄₈ 0.875 22.225
²⁵⁄₆₄ 0.390625 9.922 ⁵⁷⁄₆₄ 0.890625 22.622
¹³⁄₃₂ 0.40625 10.319 ²⁹⁄₃₂ .090625 23.019
²⁷⁄₆₄ 0.421875 10.716 ⁵⁹⁄₆₄ 0.921875 23.416
⁷⁄₁₆ 0.4375 11.113 ¹⁵⁄₁₆ 0.9375 23.813
²⁹⁄₆₄ 0.453125 11.509 ⁶¹⁄₆₄ 0.953125 24.209
¹⁵⁄₃₂ 0.46875 11.906 ³¹⁄₃₂ 0.96875 24.606
³¹⁄₆₄ 0.484375 12.303 ⁶³⁄₆₄ 0.984375 25.003
½ 0.500 12.700 1 1.000 25.400

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information CONVERSIONS 44

TABLES
46   Slope Comparison
47   Slope Reference Chart: Percent, Angle and Ratio
47   Maximum Precipitation Rates for Slopes
48   Using the Water Supply Requirements Table
49   Water Supply Requirements

TABLES
50   Friction Factor Shortcuts
52   Friction Factor Shortcuts for Class 200 PVC*
54   Friction Factor Shortcuts for Class 160 PVC*
56   Friction Factor Shortcuts for Polyethylene (PE) – SDR-7 (IPS) Pressure Rated Tube
58   Approximate Flow Rates in Simple Looped Main Lines *
59   Average Number of Sprinklers per Acre
60   Screen Filter Mesh Equivalents
61   Approximate Cost of Pump Operation
62   Table of Pump Horsepower Requirements (WHP) (at 100% Pump Efficiency)
63   Wire Data: Standard Annealed Copper at 20°C
64   Table of Voltage Losses for Annealed Copper Wire 25°C (77°F) (Loss per 1000 feet of wire)
65  Reference Chart Approximate Number of Wires to be Installed in Conduit or Tubing
Maximum Number of Wires in Conduit or Sleeving
65   Estimating Pipe Size
66  Operating Pressures for PVC, Polyethylene Pipe and Copper Tube Pressure Rating (PSI)
at 73.4°F (23°C)
66   Copper Tube
67  PVC Schedule 40 and Schedule 80 Pipe and Injection Molded Fittings Suggested Maximum
Internal Pressure Ratings Pressure Rating (PSI) at 73.4°F (23°C)
68   The Affinity Laws

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 45

SLOPE COMPARISON

Amount of Rise in 100' Percent Slope Slope Ratio Slope Angle Degrees Plan to Slope Factor*
of Run
5 5 20:1 2° 52' 1.001
10 10 10:1 5° 43' 1.005
14 14 7° 58' 1.010
15 15 8° 32' 1.011
17 17 9° 39' 1.014
20 20 5:1 11° 19' 1.020
25 25 4:1 14° 2' 1.031
30 30 16° 42' 1.044
33 33 3:1 18° 16' 1.053
35 35 19° 17' 1.059
40 40 2.5:1 21° 48' 1.077
45 45 24° 14' 1.097
50 50 2:1 26° 34' 1.118
55 55 28° 49' 1.141
60 60 30° 58' 1.166
65 65 1.5:1 33° 1' 1.193
70 70 35° 0' 1.221
75 75 36° 52' 1.250
80 80 38° 40' 1.281
85 85 40° 22' 1.312
90 90 41° 59' 1.345
95 95 43° 32' 1.379
100 100 1:1 45° 0' 1.414
105 105 46° 24' 1.450
110 110 47° 44' 1.487
115 115 48° 59' 1.524
120 120 50° 12' 1.562
125 125 0.8:1 51° 20' 1.601
130 130 52° 26' 1.640
135 135 53° 28' 1.680
140 140 54° 28' 1.720
145 145 55° 24' 1.761
150 150 0.67:1 56° 19' 1.803

* Plan to Slope Factor: to convert from a plan dimension (horizontal measure) to actual slope distance, multiply
by this factor. For example: plan indicates a 2:1 (50%) slope measuring 100 feet from the top to the toe of the slope
on the plan. The actual distance from the top to the toe of the slope is 100 feet x 1.118 = 111.8 feet.

Plan to Slope Factor: to convert from an actual soil measurement, divide by this factor. For example: soil measure-
ment is 12 feet, and the slope ratio is 1.5:1, the actual distance on the plan will be 12 ÷ 1.193 = 10 feet.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 46

SLOPE REFERENCE CHART: PERCENT, ANGLE, AND RATIO
Slope Reference Chart
Percent, Angle and Ratio

% Angle Ratio

0 0˚

10 5˚ 43' 10: 1

20 11˚ 19' 5: 1
h
30 16˚ 42'
33 18˚ 16' 3: 1
40 21˚ 48' Horizontal Distance
See Column No. 1
50 26˚ 34' 2: 1

60 30˚ 58' h = vertical rise in feet

Percent of grade or slope: Equals vertical rise
67 33˚ 50' 1.5: 1
in feet per 100' of horizontal distance
70 35˚ 0'
= Angle of slope: Angle of inclination with
respect to horizontal plane (ie)
80 38˚ 40' tan = h/horizontal distance
Ratio of slope = horizontal distance
90 42˚ 0' h

100 45˚ 0' 1: 1

200

54˚ 28' 140

190

160
180

50˚ 42' 120

170

52˚ 26' 130

150

47˚ 44' 110

57'
27'

32'

19'
15'

0'
60˚
62˚
63˚

59˚

56˚
58˚
0.5: 1

MAXIMUM PRECIPITATION RATES FOR SLOPES

The maximum precipitation values listed below are those suggested by the United States Department of Agriculture.
The values are average and may vary with respect to actual soil condition and condition of ground cover.

Maximum Precipitation Rates: Inches per Hour

Soil Texture 0 to 5% slope 5 to 8% slope 8 to 12% slope 12% + slope
Cover Bare Cover Bare Cover Bare Cover Bare
Coarse sandy soils 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.50 1.50 1.00 1.00 0.50
Coarse sandy soils over 1.75 1.50 1.25 1.00 1.00 0.75 0.75 0.40
compact subsoils
Light sandy loams uniform 1.75 1.00 1.25 0.80 1.00 0.60 0.75 0.40
Light sandy loams over 1.25 0.75 1.00 0.50 0.75 0.40 0.50 0.30
compact subsoils
Uniform silt loams 1.00 0.50 0.80 0.40 0.60 0.30 0.40 0.20
Silt loams over compact 0.60 0.30 0.50 0.25 0.40 0.15 0.30 0.10
subsoil
Heavy clay or clay loam 0.20 0.15 0.15 0.10 0.12 0.08 0.10 0.06

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 47

USING THE WATER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS TABLE

The Water Supply Requirements table (page 49) provides a quick estimate of the gallons per minute (GPM)
required to irrigate one acre at 70% efficiency for a variety of potential evapotranspiration (PET) rates for varying
hours of operation. This can be used to estimate the water needs of large areas for water service meter size or
pump station requirement.

How to Use the Table

1) Determine the approximate PET for the project. This should be the peak ETo and should include a crop
coefficient. For example if the peak ETo were 0.34 in./day and the irrigated area was a warm season turf
grass with a crop coefficient of 60% (0.60) the PET would be 0.20 in./day (0.34 x 0.60 = 0.20).
Find the PET Average in in./day in the second column from the left.
Example: 0.20 inches/day
2) Read across to the column under the “Average Hours of Operation/Day”
Example: 12
3) Under the column for 12 Average Hours of Operation/Day, the “Minimum GPM per Acre” represents the
minimum number of gallons per minute required to deliver 0.20 inches of water per day for one acre using
an irrigation system with 70% efficiency.
Example: 0.8 GPM minimum per acre required at peak demand.
4) Multiply the minimum GPM per acre times the number of acres in the project, if the project being designed
had a total of 20 acres.
Example: 20 x 10.8 = 216 GPM

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 48

WATER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS

PET Average Available Hours of Operation per Day

24 20 16 12 10 8 6

Inches Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum

per Inches Gallons per GPM per GPM per GPM per GPM per GPM per GPM per GPM per
Month per Day Acre/Day Acre Acre Acre Acre Acre Acre Acre
0.30 0.01 388 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.1
0.60 0.02 776 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.6 2.2
0.90 0.03 1164 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.9 2.4 3.2
1.20 0.04 1552 1.1 1.3 1.6 2.2 2.6 3.2 4.3
1.50 0.05 1940 1.3 1.6 2.0 2.7 3.2 4.0 5.4
1.80 0.06 2328 1.6 1.9 2.4 3.2 3.9 4.8 6.5
2.10 0.07 2715 1.9 2.3 2.8 3.8 4.5 5.7 7.5
2.40 0.08 3103 2.2 2.6 3.2 4.3 5.2 6.5 8.6
2.70 0.09 3491 2.4 2.9 3.6 4.8 5.8 7.3 9.7
3.00 0.10 3879 2.7 3.2 4.0 5.4 6.5 8.1 10.8
3.30 0.11 4267 3.0 3.6 4.4 5.9 7.1 8.9 11.9
3.60 0.12 4655 3.2 3.9 4.8 6.5 7.8 9.7 12.9
3.90 0.13 5043 3.5 4.2 5.3 7.0 8.4 10.5 14.0
4.20 0.14 5431 3.8 4.5 5.7 7.5 9.1 11.3 15.1
4.50 0.15 5819 4.0 4.8 6.1 8.1 9.7 12.1 16.2
4.80 0.16 6207 4.3 5.2 6.5 8.6 10.3 12.9 17.2
5.10 0.17 6595 4.6 5.5 6.9 9.2 11.0 13.7 18.3
5.40 0.18 6983 4.8 5.8 7.3 9.7 11.6 14.5 19.4
5.70 0.19 7370 5.1 6.1 7.7 10.2 12.3 15.4 20.5
6.00 0.20 7758 5.4 6.5 8.1 10.8 12.9 16.2 21.6
6.30 0.21 8146 5.7 6.8 8.5 11.3 13.6 17.0 22.6
6.60 0.22 8534 5.9 7.1 8.9 11.9 14.2 17.8 23.7
6.90 0.23 8922 6.2 7.4 9.3 12.4 14.9 18.6 24.8
7.20 0.24 9310 6.5 7.8 9.7 12.9 15.5 19.4 25.9
7.50 0.25 9698 6.7 8.1 10.1 13.5 16.2 20.2 26.9
7.80 0.26 10086 7.0 8.4 10.5 14.0 16.8 21.0 28.0
8.40 0.28 10862 7.5 9.1 11.3 15.1 18.1 22.6 30.2
9.00 0.30 11638 8.1 9.7 12.1 16.2 19.4 24.2 32.3
9.60 0.32 12413 8.6 10.3 12.9 17.2 20.7 25.9 34.5
10.20 0.34 13189 9.2 11.0 13.7 18.3 22.0 27.5 36.6
10.80 0.36 13965 9.7 11.6 14.5 19.4 23.3 29.1 38.8
11.40 0.38 14741 10.2 12.3 15.4 20.5 24.6 30.7 40.9
12.00 0.40 15517 10.8 12.9 16.2 21.6 25.9 32.3 43.1
12.60 0.42 16293 11.3 13.6 17.0 22.6 27.2 33.9 45.3
13.20 0.44 17068 11.9 14.2 17.8 23.7 28.4 35.6 47.4

*Note: Required GPM assumes a 70% system efficiency.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 49

FRICTION FACTOR SHORTCUTS

The Friction Factor Method of sizing lateral line pipe is based on the premise that the operating pressure of all
heads on a circuit should not vary by more than 10% to 20% of their designed operating pressure. This will provide
the most uniform application of water.
The following is a simplified way to determine the maximum flow (GPM) allowed in lateral lines using the Friction
Factor pipe sizing method. The example is based on lateral lines of Class 315 PVC for ½" and Class 200 PVC for ¾"
to 3". Additional charts for lateral lines of Class 160 PVC and Polethylene are on page 54 and page 56.
Determination of appropriate pipe size is dependent upon three factors: the sprinkler operating pressure (PSI),
the acceptable pressure variation between sprinklers on the circuit 10% to 20%, and the distance from the valve to
the farthest sprinkler head on the circuit (note: in some cases this distance can be the distance between the first
and last sprinklers on a circuit).
The Friction Factor is the allowable PSI loss per 100 feet of pipe. With the Friction Factor, pipe can be sized to avoid
excessive pressure losses. The friction factor is calculated by the following formula:

Sprinkler Operating Pressure # Allowable % of PSI Variation

Friction Factor =
Critical Length (from valve to farthest head) in 100s of feet

Po # Pv
Ff =
L c /100'

1)  Determine the Friction Factor

Example:

Electric Remote Control Valve

Full Circle Sprinkler 2.0 GPM at 35 PSI

125 feet

Sprinkler operating pressure = 35 PSI

Allowable pressure loss = 10%
Critical Length = 125 feet
Round off the Friction Factor
35 # 0.10 to the nearest ¼ PSI.
Friction Factor =
125/100 Example: 2.8 is rounded off
to 2.75
3.5
Friction Factor = 1.25 This represents an allowable rate
of PSI loss from the valve to the
farthest head of 2.75 PSI per
Friction Factor = 2.8 allowable PSI loss from valve to farthest head 100 feet of pipe.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 50

FRICTION FACTOR SHORTCUTS (continued)

2) Find the Short Cut chart on the following pages that matches the Friction Factor above (2.75 PSI loss per
100 feet).

Example:

Friction Factor 2.75

Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 3.9
¾" CL 200 PVC 7.8
1" CL 200 PVC 15.0
1¼" CL 200 PVC 27.6
1½" CL 200 PVC 39.5
2" CL 200 PVC 70.9
2½" CL 200 PVC 117.0
3" CL 200 PVC 196.1

 he “Max. GPM” represents the maximum GPM that can flow through the various sizes of lateral line pipe without
T
exceeding the 2.75 PSI allowable loss per 100 feet.

3) Starting with the pipe sections farthest from the valve determine the flow in each section and find the smallest
pipe that can carry that flow.

Example:

1" ¾" ¾" ½"

Section #4 Section #3 Section #2 Section #1

8 GPM 6 GPM 4 GPM 2 GPM

Pipe section #1 = 2 GPM, lateral line pipe should be ½" CL 315 PVC
Pipe section #2 = 4 GPM, lateral line pipe should be ¾" CL 200 PVC
Pipe section #3 = 6 GPM, lateral line pipe should be ¾" CL 200 PVC
Pipe section #4 = 8 GPM, lateral line pipe should be 1" CL 200 PVC

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 51

FRICTION FACTOR SHORTCUTS FOR CLASS 200 PVC*

Maximum GPM for Various Friction Factors

Friction Factor 0.25 0.50 0.75 1 1.25 1.50 1.75 2
Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 1.1 1.6 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.3
¾" CL 200 PVC 2.1 3.1 3.9 4.5 5.1 5.7 6.1 6.6
1" CL 200 PVC 4.1 6.0 7.4 8.7 9.8 10.8 11.7 12.6
1¼" CL 200 PVC 7.6 11.0 13.7 16.0 18.1 19.9 21.7 23.3
1½" CL 200 PVC 10.8 15.7 19.6 22.9 25.8 28.5 30.9 33.2
2" CL 200 PVC 19.4 28.2 35.1 41.0 46.3 51.1 55.5 59.7
2½" CL 200 PVC 32.1 46.6 58.0 67.8 76.4 84.3 91.7 98.5
3" CL 200 PVC 53.7 78.1 97.2 113.6 128.1 141.4 153.7 165.1

Friction Factor 2.25 2.50 2.75 3 3.25 3.50 3.75 4

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.7 4.8
¾" CL 200 PVC 7.0 7.5 7.8 8.2 8.6 8.9 9.3 9.6
1" CL 200 PVC 13.4 14.2 15.0 15.7 16.4 17.0 17.7 18.3
1¼" CL 200 PVC 24.8 26.3 27.6 29.0 30.3 31.5 32.7 33.8
1½" CL 200 PVC 35.4 37.5 39.5 41.4 43.2 45.0 46.7 48.3
2" CL 200 PVC 63.6 67.3 70.9 74.3 77.5 80.7 83.8 86.7
2½" CL 200 PVC 105.0 111.1 117.0 122.6 128.1 133.3 138.3 143.2
3" CL 200 PVC 176.0 186.3 196.1 205.6 214.6 223.4 231.9 240.1

Friction Factor 4.25 4.50 4.75 5 5.25 5.50 5.75 6

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 5.0 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.9 6.0
¾" CL 200 PVC 9.9 10.2 10.5 10.8 11.1 11.4 11.7 12.0
1" CL 200 PVC 18.9 19.5 20.1 20.7 21.2 21.8 22.3 22.8
1¼" CL 200 PVC 35.0 36.1 37.1 38.2 39.2 40.2 41.2 42.1
1½" CL 200 PVC 49.9 51.5 53.0 54.5 56.0 57.4 58.8 60.2
2" CL 200 PVC 89.6 92.4 95.2 97.9 100.5 103.0 105.5 108.0
2½" CL 200 PVC 148.0 152.7 157.2 161.6 165.9 170.1 174.3 178.3
3" CL 200 PVC 248.1 255.9 263.4 270.8 278.1 285.1 292.1 298.9

Friction Factor 6.25 6.50 6.75 7 7.25 7.50 7.75 8

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0
¾" CL 200 PVC 12.2 12.5 12.7 13.0 13.2 13.5 13.7 14.0
1" CL 200 PVC 23.3 23.8 24.3 24.8 25.3 25.7 26.2 26.6
1¼" CL 200 PVC 43.1 44.0 44.9 45.8 46.7 47.5 48.4 49.2
1½" CL 200 PVC 61.5 62.8 64.1 65.4 66.6 67.9 69.1 70.3
2" CL 200 PVC 110.4 112.7 115.1 117.4 119.6 121.8 124.0 126.1
2½" CL 200 PVC 182.3 186.2 190.0 193.8 197.5 201.1 204.7 208.3
3" CL 200 PVC 305.5 312.1 318.5 324.8 331.0 337.1 343.2 349.1

*Note: ½" pipe is Class 315 PVC because wall thickness must be at least 0.060" and Class 200 has a SDR of 21 which would result
in a wall thickness in ½" pipe of less than 0.060".

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 52

FRICTION FACTOR SHORTCUTS FOR CLASS 200 PVC* (continued)

Maximum GPM for Various Friction Factors

Friction Factor 8.25 8.50 8.75 9 9.25 9.50 9.75 10
Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9
¾" CL 200 PVC 14.2 14.4 14.7 14.9 15.1 15.3 15.5 15.8
1" CL 200 PVC 27.1 27.5 28.0 28.4 28.8 29.2 29.6 30.0
1¼" CL 200 PVC 50.0 50.8 51.7 52.4 53.2 54.0 54.8 55.5
1½" CL 200 PVC 71.4 72.6 73.7 74.9 76.0 77.1 78.2 79.3
2" CL 200 PVC 128.2 130.3 132.4 134.4 136.4 138.4 140.3 142.3
2½" CL 200 PVC 211.8 215.2 218.6 221.9 225.3 228.5 231.8 234.9
3" CL 200 PVC 354.9 360.7 366.4 372.0 377.6 383.0 388.4 393.8

Friction Factor 10.25 10.50 10.75 11 11.25 11.50 11.75 12

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7
¾" CL 200 PVC 16.0 16.2 16.4 16.6 16.8 17.0 17.2 17.4
1" CL 200 PVC 30.4 30.8 31.2 31.6 32.0 32.4 32.8 33.2
1¼" CL 200 PVC 56.3 57.0 57.7 58.4 59.2 59.9 60.6 61.3
1½" CL 200 PVC 80.3 81.4 82.4 83.4 84.5 85.5 86.5 87.5
2" CL 200 PVC 144.2 146.1 147.9 149.8 151.6 153.4 155.2 157.0
2½" CL 200 PVC 238.1 241.2 244.3 247.3 250.4 253.4 256.3 259.2
3" CL 200 PVC 399.1 404.3 409.5 414.6 419.6 424.7 429.6 434.5

Friction Factor 12.25 12.50 12.75 13 13.25 13.50 13.75 14

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5
¾" CL 200 PVC 17.6 17.8 18.0 18.2 18.3 18.5 18.7 18.9
1" CL 200 PVC 33.5 33.9 34.3 34.6 35.0 35.3 35.7 36.0
1¼" CL 200 PVC 61.9 62.6 63.3 64.0 64.6 65.3 65.9 66.6
1½" CL 200 PVC 88.4 89.4 90.4 91.3 92.3 93.2 94.1 95.0
2" CL 200 PVC 158.8 160.5 162.2 163.9 165.6 167.3 169.0 170.6
2½" CL 200 PVC 262.1 265.0 267.9 270.7 273.5 276.3 279.0 281.7
3" CL 200 PVC 439.4 444.2 449.0 453.7 458.4 463.1 467.7 472.2

Friction Factor 14.25 14.50 14.75 15 15.25 15.50 15.75 16

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 10.0 10.0 10.1 10.2
¾" CL 200 PVC 19.1 19.3 19.4 19.6 19.8 20.0 20.1 20.3
1" CL 200 PVC 36.4 36.7 37.1 37.4 37.7 38.1 38.4 38.7
1¼" CL 200 PVC 67.2 67.8 68.5 69.1 69.7 70.3 70.9 71.6
1½" CL 200 PVC 96.0 96.9 97.8 98.7 99.5 100.4 101.3 102.2
2" CL 200 PVC 172.3 173.9 175.5 177.1 178.7 180.3 181.8 183.4
2½" CL 200 PVC 284.5 287.1 289.8 292.4 295.1 297.7 300.2 302.8
3" CL 200 PVC 476.8 481.3 485.7 490.2 494.6 498.9 503.3 507.6

*Note: ½" pipe is Class 315 PVC because wall thickness must be at least 0.060" and Class 200 has a SDR of 21 which would result in a
wall thickness in ½" pipe of less than 0.060".

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 53

FRICTION FACTOR SHORTCUTS FOR CLASS 160 PVC*

Maximum GPM for Various Friction Factors

Friction Factor 0.25 0.50 0.75 1 1.25 1.50 1.75 2
Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 1.1 1.6 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.3
¾" CL 200 PVC 2.1 3.1 3.9 4.5 5.1 5.7 6.1 6.6
1" CL 160 PVC 4.2 6.0 7.5 8.8 9.9 10.9 11.9 12.8
1¼" CL 160 PVC 8.0 11.6 14.4 16.9 19.0 21.0 22.8 24.5
1½" CL 160 PVC 11.4 16.6 20.6 24.1 27.1 30.0 32.6 35.0
2" CL 160 PVC 20.5 29.8 37.1 43.3 48.8 53.9 58.6 62.9
2½" CL 160 PVC 33.8 49.2 61.2 71.5 80.7 89.0 96.8 104.0
3" CL 160 PVC 56.6 82.3 102.5 119.7 135.0 149.0 161.9 174.1

Friction Factor 2.25 2.50 2.75 3 3.25 3.50 3.75 4

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.7 4.8
¾" CL 200 PVC 7.0 7.5 7.8 8.2 8.6 8.9 9.3 9.6
1" CL 160 PVC 13.6 14.4 15.2 15.9 16.6 17.3 17.9 18.6
1¼" CL 160 PVC 26.1 27.7 29.1 30.5 31.9 33.2 34.4 35.7
1½" CL 160 PVC 37.3 39.5 41.6 43.6 45.5 47.3 49.1 50.9
2" CL 160 PVC 67.1 71.0 74.7 78.3 81.8 85.1 88.4 91.5
2½" CL 160 PVC 110.8 117.3 123.5 129.4 135.2 140.7 146.0 151.2
3" CL 160 PVC 185.5 196.3 206.7 216.7 226.2 235.5 244.4 253.1

Friction Factor 4.25 4.50 4.75 5 5.25 5.50 5.75 6

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 5.0 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.9 6.0
¾" CL 200 PVC 9.9 10.2 10.5 10.8 11.1 11.4 11.7 12.0
1" CL 160 PVC 19.2 19.8 20.4 20.9 21.5 22.0 22.6 23.1
1¼" CL 160 PVC 36.8 38.0 39.1 40.2 41.3 42.3 43.4 44.4
1½" CL 160 PVC 52.6 54.2 55.8 57.4 58.9 60.4 61.9 63.3
2" CL 160 PVC 94.5 97.5 100.4 103.2 106.0 108.7 111.3 113.9
2½" CL 160 PVC 156.2 161.1 165.9 170.6 175.1 179.6 183.9 188.2
3" CL 160 PVC 261.5 269.7 277.7 285.5 293.1 300.5 307.8 315.0

Friction Factor 6.25 6.50 6.75 7 7.25 7.50 7.75 8

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0
¾" CL 200 PVC 12.2 12.5 12.7 13.0 13.2 13.5 13.7 14.0
1" CL 160 PVC 23.6 24.1 24.6 25.1 25.6 26.1 26.5 27.0
1¼" CL 160 PVC 45.4 46.3 47.3 48.2 49.2 50.1 51.0 51.8
1½" CL 160 PVC 64.7 66.1 67.5 68.8 70.1 71.4 72.7 74.0
2" CL 160 PVC 116.4 118.9 121.4 123.8 126.1 128.5 130.8 133.0
2½" CL 160 PVC 182.4 196.5 200.6 204.5 208.4 212.3 216.1 219.8
3" CL 160 PVC 322.0 328.9 335.7 342.3 348.9 355.3 361.7 367.9

*Note: ½" pipe is Class 315 PVC and ¾" pipe is CL 200 PVC because wall thickness must be at least 0.060" and Class 160 has a SDR of 26
which would result in a wall thicknesses in ½
 " an ¾" pipe of less than 0.060".

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 54

FRICTION FACTOR SHORTCUTS FOR CLASS 160 PVC* (continued)

Maximum GPM for Various Friction Factors

Friction Factor 8.25 8.50 8.75 9 9.25 9.50 9.75 10
Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9
¾" CL 200 PVC 14.2 14.4 14.7 14.9 15.1 15.3 15.5 15.8
1" CL 160 PVC 27.4 27.9 28.3 28.8 29.2 29.6 30.0 30.4
1¼" CL 160 PVC 52.7 53.6 54.4 55.2 56.1 56.9 57.7 58.5
1½" CL 160 PVC 75.2 76.4 77.6 78.8 80.0 81.2 82.3 83.4
2" CL 160 PVC 135.3 137.5 139.6 141.8 143.9 146.0 148.0 150.1
2½" CL 160 PVC 223.5 227.1 230.7 234.3 237.8 241.2 244.6 248.0
3" CL 160 PVC 374.1 380.2 386.2 392.1 397.9 403.7 409.4 415.1

Friction Factor 10.25 10.50 10.75 11 11.25 11.50 11.75 12

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7
¾" CL 200 PVC 16.0 16.2 16.4 16.6 16.8 17.0 17.2 17.4
1" CL 160 PVC 30.9 31.3 31.7 32.1 32.4 32.8 33.2 33.6
1¼" CL 160 PVC 59.3 60.0 60.8 61.6 62.3 63.1 63.8 64.5
1½" CL 160 PVC 84.6 85.7 86.8 87.8 88.9 90.0 91.0 92.1
2" CL 160 PVC 152.1 154.1 156.0 158.0 159.9 161.8 163.7 165.6
2½" CL 160 PVC 251.3 254.6 257.8 261.1 264.3 267.4 270.5 273.6
3" CL 160 PVC 420.6 426.1 431.6 437.0 442.3 447.6 452.8 458.0

Friction Factor 12.25 12.50 12.75 13 13.25 13.50 13.75 14

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5
¾" CL 200 PVC 17.6 17.8 18.0 18.2 18.3 18.5 18.7 18.9
1" CL 160 PVC 34.0 34.3 34.7 35.1 35.4 35.8 36.2 36.5
1¼" CL 160 PVC 65.2 66.0 66.7 67.4 68.1 68.8 69.4 70.1
1½" CL 160 PVC 93.1 94.1 95.1 96.1 97.1 98.1 99.1 100.1
2" CL 160 PVC 167.4 169.3 171.1 172.9 174.7 176.5 178.2 180.0
2½" CL 160 PVC 276.7 279.7 282.7 285.7 288.7 291.6 294.5 297.4
3" CL 160 PVC 463.1 468.2 473.2 478.2 483.2 488.1 492.9 497.7

Friction Factor 14.25 14.50 14.75 15 15.25 15.50 15.75 16

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" CL 315 PVC 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 10.0 10.0 10.1 10.2
¾" CL 200 PVC 19.1 19.3 19.4 19.6 19.8 20.0 20.1 20.3
1" CL 160 PVC 36.9 37.2 37.6 37.9 38.2 38.6 38.9 39.2
1¼" CL 160 PVC 70.8 71.5 72.1 72.8 73.4 74.1 74.7 75.4
1½" CL 160 PVC 101.0 102.0 102.9 103.9 104.8 105.7 106.6 107.5
2" CL 160 PVC 181.7 183.4 185.1 186.8 188.5 190.1 191.8 193.4
2½" CL 160 PVC 300.2 303.1 305.9 308.7 311.4 314.2 316.9 319.6
3" CL 160 PVC 502.5 507.3 512.0 516.6 521.3 525.9 530.4 535.0

*Note: ½" pipe is Class 315 PVC and ¾" pipe is CL 200 PVC because wall thickness must be at least 0.060" and Class 160 has a SDR of 26
which would result in a wall thickness in ½" an ¾" pipe of less than 0.060".

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 55

FRICTION FACTOR SHORT CUTS FOR POLYETHYLENE (PE) – SDR-7
(IPS) PRESSURE RATED TUBE

Maximum GPM for Various Friction Factors

Friction Factor 0.25 0.50 0.75 1 1.25 1.50 1.75 2
Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" SDR-Poly 0.7 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1
¾" SDR-Poly 1.5 2.1 2.6 3.1 3.5 3.8 4.2 4.5
1" SDR-Poly 2.8 4.0 5.0 5.8 6.6 7.2 7.9 8.5
1¼" SDR-Poly 5.7 8.2 10.2 12.0 13.5 14.9 16.2 17.4
1½" SDR-Poly 8.5 12.3 15.4 17.9 20.2 22.3 24.3 26.1
2" SDR-Poly 16.4 23.8 29.6 34.6 39.0 43.0 46.8 50.3
2½" SDR-Poly 26.1 37.9 47.2 55.2 62.2 68.7 74.6 80.2
3" SDR-Poly 46.2 67.1 83.6 97.6 110.1 121.5 132.0 141.9

Friction Factor 2.25 2.50 2.75 3 3.25 3.50 3.75 4

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" SDR-Poly 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1
¾" SDR-Poly 4.8 5.1 5.3 5.6 5.8 6.1 6.3 6.5
1" SDR-Poly 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.4 11.9 12.3
1¼" SDR-Poly 18.5 19.6 20.7 21.6 22.6 23.5 24.4 25.3
1½" SDR-Poly 27.8 29.4 31.0 32.5 33.9 35.3 36.6 37.9
2" SDR-Poly 53.6 56.7 59.7 62.6 65.3 68.0 70.6 73.1
2½" SDR-Poly 85.5 90.5 95.2 99.8 104.2 108.5 112.6 116.6
3" SDR-Poly 151.2 160.1 168.5 176.6 185.5 192.0 199.3 206.3

Friction Factor 4.25 4.50 4.75 5 5.25 5.50 5.75 6

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" SDR-Poly 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9
¾" SDR-Poly 6.7 7.0 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.7 7.9 8.1
1" SDR-Poly 12.7 13.1 13.5 13.9 14.2 14.6 15.0 15.3
1¼" SDR-Poly 26.1 26.9 27.7 28.5 29.3 30.0 30.8 31.5
1½" SDR-Poly 39.2 40.4 41.6 42.8 43.9 45.0 46.1 47.2
2" SDR-Poly 75.5 77.9 80.2 82.5 84.7 86.8 88.9 91.0
2½" SDR-Poly 120.5 124.3 127.9 131.6 135.0 138.5 141.8 145.1
3" SDR-Poly 213.2 219.9 226.4 232.7 239.0 245.0 251.0 256.8

Friction Factor 6.25 6.50 6.75 7 7.25 7.50 7.75 8

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" SDR-Poly 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5
¾" SDR-Poly 8.3 8.5 8.7 8.8 9.0 9.2 9.3 9.5
1" SDR-Poly 15.7 16.0 16.3 16.6 17.0 17.3 17.6 17.9
1¼" SDR-Poly 32.2 32.9 33.5 34.2 34.9 35.5 36.1 36.8
1½" SDR-Poly 48.2 49.3 50.3 51.3 52.3 53.2 54.2 55.1
2" SDR-Poly 93.0 95.0 97.0 98.9 100.8 102.6 104.5 106.3
2½" SDR-Poly 148.4 151.5 154.7 157.7 160.8 163.7 166.6 169.5
3" SDR-Poly 262.5 268.2 273.7 279.1 284.5 289.7 294.9 300.0

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 56

FRICTION FACTOR SHORT CUTS FOR POLYETHYLENE (PE) – SDR-7
(IPS) PRESSURE RATED TUBE (continued)

Maximum GPM for Various Friction Factors

Friction Factor 8.25 8.50 8.75 9 9.25 9.50 9.75 10
Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" SDR-Poly 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1
¾" SDR-Poly 9.6 9.8 10.0 10.1 10.3 10.4 10.6 10.7
1" SDR-Poly 18.2 18.5 18.8 19.1 19.3 19.6 19.9 20.2
1 ¼" SDR-Poly 37.4 38.0 38.6 39.2 39.8 40.3 40.9 41.5
1 ½ " SDR-Poly 56.0 57.0 57.9 58.7 59.6 60.5 61.3 62.2
2" SDR-Poly 108.1 109.8 111.5 113.3 114.9 116.6 118.3 119.9
2 ½ " SDR-Poly 172.4 175.2 177.9 180.7 183.4 186.0 188.6 191.2
3" SDR-Poly 305.0 310.0 314.9 319.7 324.4 329.1 333.8 338.4

Friction Factor 10.25 10.50 10.75 11 11.25 11.50 11.75 12

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" SDR-Poly 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.6
¾" SDR-Poly 10.8 11.0 11.1 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.7 11.8
1" SDR-Poly 20.4 20.7 21.0 21.2 21.5 21.8 22.0 22.3
1 ½" SDR-Poly 42.0 42.6 43.1 43.7 44.2 44.7 45.2 45.8
1 ½ " SDR-Poly 63.0 63.8 64.7 65.5 66.3 67.1 67.8 68.6
2" SDR-Poly 121.5 123.1 124.7 126.2 127.8 129.3 130.8 132.3
2 ½ " SDR-Poly 193.8 196.3 198.8 201.3 203.8 206.2 208.6 211.0
3" SDR-Poly 342.9 347.4 351.9 356.3 360.6 364.9 369.2 373.4

Friction Factor 12.25 12.50 12.75 13 13.25 13.50 13.75 14

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½ " SDR-Poly 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.1 9.5
½" SDR-Poly 11.9 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.5 12.6 12.7 18.9
1" SDR-Poly 22.5 22.8 23.0 23.2 23.5 23.7 24.0 36.5
1 ½ " SDR-Poly 46.3 46.8 47.3 47.8 48.3 48.8 49.3 70.1
1 ½ " SDR-Poly 69.4 70.1 70.9 71.6 72.4 73.1 73.8 100.1
2" SDR-Poly 133.8 135.2 136.7 138.1 139.6 141.0 142.4 180.0
2 ½ " SDR-Poly 213.4 215.7 218.0 220.3 222.6 224.9 227.1 297.4
3" SDR-Poly 377.6 381.7 385.8 389.9 393.9 397.9 401.9 497.7

Friction Factor 14.25 14.50 14.75 15 15.25 15.50 15.75 16

Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM Max. GPM
½" SDR-Poly 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.6
½ " SDR-Poly 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.6 13.7 13.8
1" SDR-Poly 24.4 24.7 24.9 25.1 25.3 25.6 25.8 26.0
1 ½ " SDR-Poly 50.2 50.7 51.2 51.6 52.1 52.5 53.0 53.5
1 ½ " SDR-Poly 75.3 76.0 76.7 77.4 78.1 78.8 79.5 80.1
2" SDR-Poly 145.2 146.5 147.9 149.2 150.6 151.9 153.2 154.5
2 ½" SDR-Poly 231.5 233.7 235.9 238.0 240.2 242.3 244.4 246.5
3" SDR-Poly 409.7 413.6 417.4 421.2 425.0 428.7 432.5 436.2

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 57

APPROXIMATE FLOW RATES IN SIMPLE LOOPED MAIN LINES *

Length Ratio † Flow Rate Flow Rate

Long to Short Short Leg Long Leg
1 to 1 50.0% 50.0%
2 to 1 59.4% 40.6%
3 to 1 64.4% 35.6%
4 to 1 67.8% 32.2%
5 to 1 70.4% 29.6%
6 to 1 72.4% 27.6%
7 to 1 74.0% 26.0%
8 to 1 75.4% 24.6%
9 to 1 76.6% 23.4%
10 to 1 77.6% 22.4%
12 to 1 79.2% 20.8%
15 to 1 81.2% 18.8%
20 to 1 83.4% 16.6%
25 to 1 85.0% 15.0%
30 to 1 86.2% 13.8%
35 to 1 87.2% 12.8%
40 to 1 88.0% 12.0%
45 to 1 88.6% 11.4%
50 to 1 89.2% 10.8%

*  A simple looped main line would have one inlet and one outlet, and all pipe would be the same size. The type
of pipe does not affect the flow percentages as long as pipe type and size remain constant.
†  The Length Ratio is the ratio of the short leg of the loop to the long leg of the loop. To find the Length
Ratio, divide the length of the long leg by the length of the short leg.

Example:
If the long leg is 400 feet and the short leg of the loop is 100 feet, the “Length Ratio” is 4 to 1. With a ratio of 4 to 1,
the volume of flow in the short leg would be approximately 67.8% and the volume of flow in the long leg would be
Long Leg of Loop
approximately 32.2% of the total flow.
A

B
Short Leg of Loop

Example:
The entrance to the loop is at point “A” and the outlet is at point “B”. Point “B” could be thought of as the location
of a remote control valve. In the loop above, the longer side of the loop is about twice as long as the shorter side.
In using the chart above, the ratio of 2:1 would indicate the flow in the short leg to be approximately 59.4% and
the flow in the long leg to be approximately 40.6% of the total flow in the loop. If the total flow to point “B” is 50
gallons, the flow in the short leg would be approximately 29.7 GPM while the flow in the long leg would be approxi-
mately 20.3 GPM. Unequal flow rates occur because the pressure losses in each leg of the loop must be equal.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 58

 AVERAGE NUMBER OF SPRINKLERS PER ACRE
Square and/or Rectangular Spacing
Spacing in Feet Heads Per Acre Spacing In Feet Heads Per Acre
10 x 10 435.6 30 x 60 24.2
11 x 11 360.0 40 x 40 27.2
12 x 12 302.4 40 x 50 21.8
13 x 13 257.6 40 x 60 18.2
14 x 14 222.3 40 x 80 13.6
15 x 15 193.5 50 x 50 17.4
16 x 16 170.0 50 x 60 14.5
17 x 17 150.8 50 x 70 12.4
18 x 18 134.3 50 x 80 10.9
19 x 19 120.6 60 x 60 12.1
20 x 20 109.0 60 x 70 10.4
20 x 30 72.7 60 x 80 9.1
20 x 40 54.5 70 x 70 8.9
20 x 50 43.5 70 x 80 7.8
20 x 60 36.3 70 x 90 6.9
25 x 25 69.7 80 x 80 6.8
30 x 30 48.4 80 x 90 6.1
30 x 40 36.3 80 x 100 5.5
30 x 50 29.0 100 x 100 4.4

AVERAGE NUMBER OF SPRINKLERS PER ACRE

Equilateral Triangular Spacing
Spacing In Feet Heads Per Acre Spacing In Feet Heads Per Acre
10 504 66 11.5
11 418 68 10.9
12 348 70 10.3
13 296 72 9.7
14 256 74 9.2
15 224 76 8.7
16 196 78 8.3
17 175 80 7.9
18 155 82 7.5
19 140 84 7.1
20 125 86 6.8
21 114 88 6.5
22 105 90 6.2
23 96 92 5.9
24 87 94 5.7
25 80 96 5.5
26 74 98 5.2
27 69 100 5.0
28 64 102 4.8
29 60 104 4.6
30 56 106 4.5
32 49 108 4.3
34 44 110 4.2
36 39 112 4.0
38 35 114 3.9
40 31 116 3.7
42 28.5 118 3.6
44 26.0 120 3.5
46 23.7 122 3.4
48 21.8 124 3.3
50 20.0 126 3.2
52 18.6 128 3.1
54 17.2 130 3.0
56 16.0 132 2.9
58 15.0 134 2.8
60 14.0 136 2.7
62 13.1 138 2.6
64 12.3 140 2.5
The theoretical figures above represent the minimum number of sprinklers required to cover a square acre
(208.7' x 208.7') with the most economical placement of sprinklers possible. Actual layouts to match individual
field conditions may require additional sprinklers. This table should only be used for estimating purposes.
HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 59
SCREEN FILTER MESH EQUIVALENTS

Mesh Size Microns Inches mm

4 5205 0.2030 5.16
6 3175 0.125 3.18
8 2487 0.0970 2.46
10 1923 0.0750 1.90
11 1778 0.070 1.78
14 1307 0.0510 1.30
18 1000 0.0394 1.00
20 840 0.0331 0.84
24 813 0.032 0.81
25 710 0.0280 0.71
30 590 0.025 0.59
35 500 0.0197 0.50
40 420 0.0165 0.42
45 350 0.0138 0.35
50 297 0.0117 0.30
60 250 0.0098 0.25
70 210 0.0083 0.21
80 177 0.0070 0.18
100 149 0.0059 0.15
120 125 0.0049 0.12
140 105 0.0041 0.10
170 88 0.0035 0.08
200 74 0.0029 0.07
230 62 0.0024 0.06
270 53 0.0021 0.05
325 44 0.0017 0.04
400 37 0.0015 0.04
550 25 0.0009 0.02
800 15 0.0006 0.01
1250 10 0.0004 0.01

Screen Mesh Sizes Compared to 0.020 Inch Orifice

0.020" Orifice

200
150
100
80

80 Mesh = 177 Microns

100 Mesh = 149 Microns
150 Mesh = 104 Microns
200 Mesh = 74 Microns

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 60

APPROXIMATE COST OF PUMP OPERATION

Pump Average Approximate Cost of Operation per Hour at Kilowatt Hr. Rate of:
Horse Kilowatt Hour
Power Input $.0150 $.0200 $ .0250 $ .0400 $.0500 $.0600 $.0800 $.1000 $.1200

Single Three Single Three Single Three Single Three Single Three Single Three Single Three Single Three Single Three Single Three
Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase
¼ 0.305 0.0046 0.0062 0.0078 0.0122 0.0153 0.0183 0.0244 0.0305 0.0366
¹⁄₃ 0.408 0.0062 0.0082 0.0103 0.0163 0.0204 0.0245 0.0326 0.0408 0.0490
½ 0.535 0.520 0.0081 0.0078 0.0108 0.0104 0.0135 0.0130 0.0214 0.0208 0.0268 0.0260 0.0321 0.0312 0.0428 0.0416 0.0535 0.0520 0.0642 0.0642
¾ 0.760 0.768 0.0114 0.0116 0.0152 0.0154 0.0190 0.0193 0.0304 0.0307 0.0380 0.0384 0.0456 0.0461 0.0608 0.0614 0.0760 0.0768 0.0912 0.0922
1 1.000 0.960 0.0150 0.0144 0.0200 0.0192 0.0250 0.0240 0.0400 0.0384 0.0500 0.0480 0.0600 0.0576 0.0800 0.0768 0.1000 0.0960 0.1200 0.1152
1½ 1.500 1.42 0.0225 0.0213 0.0300 0.0284 0.0375 0.0335 0.0600 0.0568 0.0750 0.0710 0.0900 0.0852 0.1200 0.1136 0.1500 0.1420 0.1800 0.1704
2 1.980 1.83 0.0297 0.0275 0.0396 0.0366 0.0495 0.0458 0.0792 0.0732 0.0990 0.0915 0.1188 0.1098 0.1584 0.1464 0.1980 0.1830 0.2376 0.2196
3 2.95 2.70 0.0443 0.0405 0.0590 0.0540 0.0738 0.0675 0.1180 0.1080 0.1475 0.1350 0.1770 0.1620 0.2360 0.2160 0.2950 0.2700 0.3540 0.3240
5 4.65 4.50 0.0698 0.0675 0.0930 0.0900 0.1163 0.1125 0.1860 0.1800 0.2325 0.2250 0.2790 0.2700 0.3720 0.3600 0.4650 0.4500 0.5580 0.5400
7½ 6.9 6.75 0.1035 0.1013 0.1380 0.1350 0.1725 0.1688 0.2760 0.2700 0.3450 0.3375 0.4140 0.4050 0.5520 0.5400 0.6900 0.6750 0.8280 0.8100
10 9.3 9.0 0.1395 0.1350 0.1860 0.1800 0.2325 0.2250 0.3720 0.3600 0.4650 0.4500 0.5580 0.5400 0.7440 0.7200 0.9300 0.9000 1.1160 1.0800
15 12.8 0.1920 0.2560 0.3200 0.5120 0.6400 0.7680 1.0240 1.2800 1.5360
20 16.9 0.2535 0.3380 0.4225 0.6760 0.8450 1.0140 1.3520 1.6900 2.0280
25 20.8 0.3120 0.4160 0.5200 0.8320 1.0400 1.2480 1.6640 2.0800 2.4960
30 25.0 0.3750 0.5000 0.6250 1.0000 1.2500 1.5000 2.0000 2.5000 3.0000
40 33.2 0.4980 0.6640 0.8300 1.3280 1.6600 1.9920 2.6560 3.3200 3.9840
50 41.3 0.6195 0.8260 1.0325 1.6520 2.0650 2.4780 3.3040 4.1300 4.9560
60 49.5 0.7425 0.9900 1.2375 1.9800 2.4750 2.9700 3.9600 4.9500 5.9400
75 61.5 0.9225 1.2300 1.5375 2.4600 3.0750 3.6900 4.9200 6.1500 7.3800
100 81.5 1.225 1.6300 2.0375 3.2600 4.0750 4.8900 6.5200 8.1500 9.7800

Note: To calculate approximate cost of operation at a cost factor not listed above, multiply the second column rate
of $0.02 per KWH by the actual rate in effect, and then divide by 2.

Example:
The cost of operating a 3 hp single phase pump at a rate of $0.07 per KWH would be
0.0590 x 7 ÷ 2 = $0.2065 per hour

These charts are based upon 100% motor efficiencies.

To determine actual cost factors, divide by actual pump and motor efficiency, as indicated above.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 61

TABLE OF PUMP HORSEPOWER REQUIREMENTS (WHP)
(at 100% Pump Efficiency)

Flow – GPM
Head (Feet) Pressure (PSI) 25 50 75 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 500
10 4.33 0.063 0.126 0.189 0.253 0.379 0.505 0.631 0.758 0.884 1.01 1.26
15 6.50 0.095 0.189 0.284 0.379 0.568 0.758 0.947 1.136 1.326 1.52 1.89
20 8.66 0.126 0.253 0.379 0.505 0.758 1.010 1.26 1.52 1.77 2.02 2.53
25 10.83 0.158 0.316 0.473 0.631 0.947 1.26 1.58 1.89 2.21 2.53 3.16
30 12.99 0.189 0.379 0.57 0.76 1.14 1.52 1.89 2.27 2.65 3.03 3.79
35 15.16 0.22 0.44 0.66 0.88 1.33 1.77 2.21 2.65 3.09 3.54 4.42
40 17.32 0.25 0.51 0.76 1.01 1.52 2.02 2.53 3.03 3.54 4.04 5.05
45 19.49 0.28 0.57 0.85 1.14 1.70 2.27 2.84 3.41 3.98 4.55 5.68
50 21.65 0.32 0.63 0.95 1.26 1.89 2.53 3.16 3.79 4.42 5.05 6.31
60 25.98 0.38 0.76 1.14 1.52 2.27 3.03 3.79 4.55 5.30 6.06 7.58
70 30.31 0.44 0.88 1.33 1.77 2.65 3.54 4.42 5.30 6.19 7.07 8.84
80 34.64 0.51 1.01 1.52 2.02 3.03 4.04 5.05 6.06 7.07 8.08 10.10
90 38.97 0.57 1.14 1.70 2.27 3.41 4.55 5.68 6.82 7.95 9.09 11.36
100 43.30 0.63 1.26 1.89 2.53 3.79 5.05 6.31 7.58 8.84 10.10 12.63
120 51.96 0.76 1.52 2.27 3.03 4.55 6.06 7.58 9.09 10.61 12.12 15.15
140 60.62 0.88 1.77 2.65 3.54 5.30 7.07 8.84 10.61 12.37 14.14 17.68
160 69.28 1.01 2.02 3.03 4.04 6.06 8.08 10.10 12.12 14.14 16.16 20.20
180 77.94 1.14 2.27 3.41 4.55 6.82 9.09 11.36 13.64 15.91 18.18 22.73
200 86.60 1.26 2.53 3.79 5.05 7.58 10.10 12.63 15.15 17.68 20.20 25.25
220 95.26 1.39 2.78 4.17 5.56 8.33 11.11 13.89 16.67 19.44 22.22 27.78
240 103.92 1.52 3.03 4.55 6.06 9.09 12.12 15.15 18.18 21.21 24.24 30.30
260 112.58 1.64 3.28 4.92 6.57 9.85 13.13 16.41 19.70 22.98 26.26 32.83
280 121.24 1.77 3.54 5.30 7.07 10.61 14.14 17.68 21.21 24.75 28.28 35.35
300 129.90 1.89 3.79 5.68 7.58 11.36 15.15 18.94 22.73 26.52 30.30 37.88
325 140.73 2.05 4.10 6.16 8.21 12.31 16.41 20.52 24.62 28.72 32.83 41.04
350 151.55 2.21 4.42 6.63 8.84 13.26 17.68 22.10 26.52 30.93 35.35 44.19
375 162.38 2.37 4.73 7.10 9.47 14.20 18.94 23.67 28.41 33.14 37.88 47.35
400 173.20 2.53 5.05 7.58 10.10 15.15 20.20 25.25 30.30 35.35 40.40 50.51
425 184.03 2.68 5.37 8.05 10.73 16.10 21.46 26.83 32.20 37.56 42.93 53.66
450 194.85 2.84 5.68 8.52 11.36 17.05 22.73 28.41 34.09 39.77 45.45 56.82
475 205.68 3.00 6.00 9.00 11.99 17.99 23.99 29.99 35.98 41.98 47.98 59.97
500 216.50 3.16 6.31 9.47 12.63 18.94 25.25 31.57 37.88 44.19 50.50 63.13

Notes:
1.The (WHP) water horsepower requirements charted above have been calculated by either of the following formulas.

GPM # HEAD (feet)

WHP = 3960

GPM # Pressure (PSI)

WHP = 1714

2.The specific brake horsepower requirement is calculated by dividing the WHP above by the actual pump efficiency.
WHP
BHP = efficiency

Example:
100 GPM at 90 feet of head requires 2.27 horsepower at 100% efficiency. If the pump is 70% efficient, the actual
(BHP) required is:
2.27
0.70 = 3.25 BHP

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 62

WIRE DATA: STANDARD ANNEALED COPPER AT 20°C

American Wire Resistance Per mft Resistance Per km

Gauge Metric Wire Gauge Diameter Mils Diameter mm Ohms Ohms
1 289.3 7.348 0.9239 0.4065
7.0 7.000 0.4480
2 257.6 6.543 0.1563 0.5128
6.0 6.000 0.6098
3 229.4 5.827 0.1971 0.6466
4 204.3 5.189 0.2485 0.8152
5.0 5.000 0.08781
5 181.9 4.620 0.3134 1.028
4.5 4.500 1.084
6 162.0 4.115 0.3952 1.297
4.0 4.000 1.372
7 144.3 3.665 0.4981 1.634
3.5 3.500 1.792
8 128.5 3.264 0.6281 2.061
3.0 3.000 2.439
9 114.4 2.906 0.7925 2.600
10 101.9 2.588 0.9988 3.277
2.5 2.500 3.512
11 90.7 2.30 1.26 4.14
12 80.8 2.05 1.59 5.21
2.0 2.00 5.49
13 72.0 1.83 2.00 6.56
1.8 1.80 6.78
14 64.1 1.63 2.52 8.28
1.6 1.60 8.58
15 57.1 1.45 3.18 10.4
1.4 1.40 11.2
16 50.8 1.29 4.02 13.2
1.2 1.20 15.2
17 45.3 1.15 5.05 16.6
18 40.3 1.02 6.39 21.0
1.0 1.000 22.0
19 35.9 0.912 8.05 26.4
0.9 0.900 27.1
20 32.0 0.813 10.1 33.2

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 63

TABLE OF VOLTAGE LOSSES FOR ANNEALED COPPER
WIRE 25°C (77°F) (Loss per 1000 feet of wire)

AMPERES 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2
0.1 0.65 0.41 0.26 0.16 0.10 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.02
0.15 0.98 0.61 0.39 0.24 0.15 0.10 0.06 0.04 0.02
0.2 1.30 0.82 0.52 0.32 0.20 0.13 0.08 0.05 0.03
0.25 1.63 1.02 0.65 0.41 0.26 0.16 0.10 0.06 0.04
0.3 1.95 1.23 0.77 0.49 0.31 0.19 0.12 0.08 0.05
0.35 2.28 1.43 0.90 0.57 0.36 0.22 0.14 0.09 0.06
0.4 2.60 1.64 1.03 0.65 0.41 0.26 0.16 0.10 0.06
0.45 2.93 1.84 1.16 0.73 0.46 0.29 0.18 0.11 0.07
0.5 3.26 2.05 1.29 0.81 0.51 0.32 0.20 0.13 0.08
0.6 3.91 2.45 1.55 0.97 0.61 0.38 0.24 0.15 0.10
0.7 4.56 2.86 1.81 1.13 0.71 0.45 0.28 0.18 0.11
0.8 5.21 3.27 2.06 1.30 0.82 0.51 0.32 0.20 0.13
0.9 5.86 3.68 2.32 1.46 0.92 0.58 0.36 0.23 0.14
1.0 6.51 4.09 2.58 1.62 1.02 0.64 0.40 0.25 0.16
1.1 7.16 4.50 2.84 1.78 1.12 0.71 0.44 0.28 0.17
1.2 7.81 4.91 3.10 1.94 1.22 0.77 0.48 0.30 0.19
1.3 8.46 5.32 3.35 2.11 1.33 0.83 0.52 0.33 0.21
1.4 9.11 5.73 3.61 2.27 1.43 0.90 0.56 0.35 0.22
1.5 9.77 6.14 3.87 2.43 1.53 0.96 0.60 0.38 0.24
1.6 10.42 6.54 4.13 2.59 1.63 1.03 0.77 0.40 0.25
1.7 11.07 6.95 4.39 2.75 1.73 1.09 0.69 0.43 0.27
1.8 11.72 7.36 4.64 2.92 1.84 1.15 0.73 0.46 0.29
1.9 12.37 7.77 4.90 3.08 1.94 1.22 0.77 0.48 0.30
2.0 13.02 8.18 5.16 3.24 2.04 1.28 0.81 0.51 0.32
2.1 13.67 8.59 5.42 3.40 2.14 1.35 0.85 0.53 0.33
2.2 14.32 9.00 5.68 3.56 2.24 1.41 0.89 0.56 0.35
2.3 14.97 9.41 5.93 3.73 2.35 1.47 0.93 0.58 0.37
2.4 15.62 9.82 6.19 3.89 2.45 1.54 0.97 0.61 0.38
2.5 16.28 10.23 6.45 4.05 2.55 1.60 1.01 0.63 0.40
2.6 16.93 10.63 6.71 4.21 2.65 1.67 1.05 0.66 0.41
2.7 17.58 11.04 6.97 4.37 2.75 1.73 1.09 0.68 0.43
2.8 18.23 11.45 7.22 4.54 2.86 1.79 1.13 0.71 0.45
2.9 18.88 11.86 7.48 4.70 2.96 1.86 1.17 0.73 0.46
3.0 19.53 12.27 7.74 4.86 3.06 1.92 1.21 0.76 0.48
3.2 20.83 13.09 8.26 5.18 3.26 2.05 1.29 0.81 0.51
3.4 22.13 13.91 8.77 5.51 3.47 2.18 1.37 0.86 0.54
3.6 23.44 14.72 9.29 5.83 3.67 2.31 1.45 0.91 0.57
3.8 24.74 15.54 9.80 6.16 3.88 2.44 1.53 0.96 0.60
4.0 26.04 16.36 10.32 6.48 4.08 2.56 1.61 1.01 0.64
4.2 27.34 17.18 10.84 6.80 4.28 2.69 1.69 1.06 0.67
4.4 28.64 18.00 11.35 7.13 4.49 2.82 1.77 1.11 0.70
4.6 29.95 18.81 11.87 7.45 4.69 2.95 1.85 1.16 0.73
4.8 31.25 19.63 12.38 7.78 4.90 3.08 1.93 1.21 0.76
5.0 32.55 20.45 12.90 8.10 5.10 3.21 2.02 1.27 0.80
5.2 33.85 21.27 13.42 8.42 5.30 3.33 2.10 1.32 0.83
5.4 35.15 22.09 13.93 8.75 5.51 3.46 2.18 1.37 0.86
5.6 36.46 22.90 14.45 9.07 5.71 3.59 2.26 1.42 0.89
5.8 37.76 23.72 14.96 9.40 5.92 3.72 2.34 1.47 0.92
6.0 39.06 24.54 15.48 9.72 6.12 3.85 2.42 1.52 0.95
6.2 40.36 25.36 16.00 10.04 6.32 3.97 2.50 1.57 0.99
6.4 41.66 26.18 16.51 10.37 6.53 4.10 2.58 1.62 1.02
6.6 42.97 26.99 17.03 10.69 6.73 4.23 2.66 1.67 1.05
6.8 44.27 27.81 17.54 11.02 6.94 4.36 2.74 1.72 1.08
7.0 45.57 28.63 18.06 11.34 7.14 4.49 2.82 1.77 1.11

To find the voltage loss for a two wire circuit, multiply the loss per 1000 feet figure above by twice the actual wire
length expressed in thousands. For a single wire, multiply the loss per 1000 feet value, above by the actual wire
length in thousands.
Note: Remember, amperages are additive along a wire where current is demanded by more than one appliance.
Note: Voltage losses are calculated from the formula:
Where: V = IR   I = current in amperes   R = resistance in ohms per 1000 feet   V = voltage

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 64

 APPROXIMATE NUMBER OF WIRES
TO BE INSTALLED IN CONDUIT OR TUBING
Maximum Number of Wires in Conduit or Sleeving

WIRE WIRE
SIZE ½ ¾ 1 1¼ 1½ 2 2½ 3 3½ 4 5 6 SIZE
(AWG) (AWG)
18 6 12 20 35 49 80 110 175 18
16 5 10 16 30 42 67 97 150 16
14 4 6 10 18 25 40 56 88 120 150 14
12 3 5 7 15 20 33 50 75 102 130 205 12
10 1 3 6 13 16 27 40 63 85 110 170 10
8 1 2 4 6 9 16 25 35 50 65 105 150 8
6 1 1 3 3 5 10 15 22 32 40 63 92 6
4 1 1 2 4 7 10 16 24 30 48 70 4
2 1 1 2 2 5 9 12 18 22 36 54 2
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 12 15 24 36 0
00 1 1 1 2 4 7 10 14 21 31 00
000 1 1 2 3 6 8 11 18 26 000
0000 1 1 1 2 5 7 10 15 22 0000

  ESTIMATING PIPE SIZE

Approximate String Length in Inches

Nominal Pipe Size Copper Pipe Galvanized (Sch. 40 Steel) PVC Pipe
½" 2" 2⁵/₈" 2⁵/₈"
⁵/₈" 2³/₈"
³/₄" 2¾" 3⁵/₁₆" 3⁵/₁₆"
1" 3½" 4¹/₈" 4¹/₈"
1¹/₄" 4⁵/₁₆" 5³/₁₆" 5³/₁₆"
1½" 5¹/₈" 6" 6"
2" 6³/₄" 7⁷/₁₆" 7⁷/₁₆"

  To determine the nominal size of a pipe, wrap a string around the pipe and compare its length to the chart above.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 65

OPERATING PRESSURES FOR PVC, POLYETHYLENE PIPE AND
COPPER TUBE Pressure Rating (PSI) at 73.4°F (23°C)

(SDR 13.5) (SDR 21) (SDR 26) (SDR 32.5)

Nominal Size Sch 80 PVC* Sch 40 PVC* CL 315 CL 200 CL 160 CL 125 Sch 40 PE
½" 850 600 315 *** *** *** 190
¾" 690 480 315 200 *** *** 150
1" 630 450 315 200 160 *** 140
1 ¼" 520 370 315 200 160 *** 120
1 ½" 470 330 315 200 160 *** 100
2" 400 280 315 200 160 *** 90
2 ½" 420 300 315 200 160 *** 100
3" 370 260 315 200 160 125 80
4" 320 220 315 200 160 125 70
6" 280 180 315 200 160 125 60
8" 250 160 315 200 160 125 ++
10" 230 140 315 200 160 125 ++
12" 230 130 315 200 160 125 ++

Note: 4) “***” indicates pipe not listed because wall thickness

1) Pressure ratings are the maximum that should be less than 0.060 minimum
applied. Surge pressures should be included.
5) Burst pressures are generally about 2.5 to 2.8 times
2) Pressure ratings must be reduced for temperatures the maximum pressure rating
over 23°C (73.4°F)
6) PVC 1120, 1220 code designations
3) These ratings do not apply for threaded pipe. Do not
7) Non-threaded pipe
thread Sch 40 pipe
8) “*”Sch 80 and Sch 40 pipe rounded to the nearest ten.

COPPER TUBE
Type M Type L Type K
Nominal
Size Annealed Hard Drawn Annealed Hard Drawn Annealed Hard Drawn
½" 430 760 625 1105 780 1375
¾" 350 610 495 875 750 1315
1" 295 515 440 770 575 1010
1 ¼" 295 515 385 680 465 820
1 ½" 290 510 355 630 435 765
2" 300 450 315 555 380 665
2 ½" 235 410 295 520 355 520
3" 220 385 275 490 340 605
4" 215 380 255 450 315 555
6" 190 335 215 385 305 540
8" 200 350 240 420 325 580
10" 205 355 240 425 330 585
12" 205 360 225 395 330 585

Rated Internal Working Pressure for Copper Tube for Service Temperatures up to 150°F, PSI

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 66

 PVC SCHEDULE 40 AND SCHEDULE 80 PIPE AND INJECTION
MOLDED FITTINGS SUGGESTED MAXIMUM INTERNAL PRESSURE
RATINGS Pressure Rating (PSI) at 73.4°F (23°C)
Suggested PVC Pipe and Injection Molded Fittings Internal Pressure Ratings
Schedule 40 Schedule 80
Solvent Solvent
Nominal Size Pipe Cemented Joint Threaded Joint Pipe Cemented Joint Threaded Joint
½" 596 358 179 848 509 254
¾" 482 289 144 688 413 206
1" 450 270 135 630 378 189
1¼" 368 221 110 520 312 156
1½" 330 198 99 471 282 141
2" 277 166 83 404 243 121
2½" 304 182 91 425 255 127
3" 263 158 79 375 225 112
3½" 240 144 72 345 207 103
4" 222 133 66 324 194 97
6" 177 106 53 279 167 83
8" 155 93 46 246 148
10" 141 150 234 200
12" 132 150 228 200

 his table is for use as a general guide only. Actual Internal Pressure Ratings may vary widely with field conditions.
T
Elevated operating temperatures will necessitate a devaluation of the above ratings.
Note: Historically, manufactures have assumed that fittings have the same internal pressure rating as pipe.
An engineering study* by Keller-Bleisner Engineering of Logan, Utah, indicates that while the fittings do meet
the minimum burst requirements of pipe, actual operating conditions may require a devaluation of the internal
pressure rating for fittings. The devaluation is due to the applied stress loads to the fitting caused by the oper-
ating parameters of the system. The maximum internal pressure ratings are admittedly based on limited data
but it is the most resent study pertaining to fitting internal pressure ratings.
*The above study was funded by Dura, Eslon, LCP, Lasco, Nibco, R&G Sloane, and Spears.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 67

THE AFFINITY LAWS

The total dynamic head (TDH) discharge capacity (flow) and brake horsepower (BHP) from a pump are a function
of the impeller diameter and rotational speed (RPM). When selecting a pump model it is uncommon to find the
exact match of TDH and capacity. The Affinity Laws can be used to determine the appropriate RPM, impeller
diameter or brake horsepower (BHP) for a given flow and TDH requirement.
The relationship between pump capacity, TDH, BHP and horsepower for different RPMs and impeller diameters
are as follows: the flow varies directly with speed (or impeller diameter), pressure varies as the square of speed
(or impeller diameter), and power varies as the square of speed (or impeller diameter), and power varies as the
cube of speed (or impeller diameter). A mathematical representation of the Affinity Laws is shown below:

: D H 1 = : N 1 D2 BHP1 = : N 1 D3
Q1 = N1
Q2 = N2 H2 = N2 BHP2 = N 2

: D H 1 = : D 1 D2 BHP1 = : H 1 D3
Q1 = D1
Q2 = D2 H2 = D2 BHP2 = H 2

Where:
Q = Pump Capacity (GPM)
H = Total Dynamic Head (feet)
BHP = Brake Horsepower (feet-pound/second)
N = Impeller Rotational Velocity (rpm)
D = Impeller Diameter (inches)

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information TABLES 68

FRICTION LOSS CHARTS
70  Irrigation Association Friction Loss 101  100 Foot Head Plastic Irrigation Pipe (PIP)
and Velocity Charts 2008
102  SDR-81 50 PSI Plastic Irrigation Pipe (PIP)
71   Class 160 PVC IPS Plastic Pipe
103  SDR-51 80 PSI Plastic Irrigation Pipe (PIP)
72   PVC Class 160 IPS Plastic Pipe
104  SDR-41 100 PSI Plastic Irrigation Pipe (PIP)
73   Class 200 PVC IPS Plastic Pipe
105  SDR-32.5 125 PSI Plastic Irrigation Pipe (PIP)
74   PVC Class 200 IPS Plastic Pipe
106   Type ‘K’ Copper Tubing
75   Class 315 PVC IPS Plastic Pipe
107   Type ‘L’ Copper Tubing
76   Schedule 40 PVC IPS Plastic Pipe
108   Type ‘M’ Copper Tubing
77   PVC Schedule 40 IPS Plastic Pipe
109   Schedule 40 Steel

LOSS CHARTS
78   Schedule 80 PVC IPS Plastic Pipe
110   Schedule 80 Steel

FRICTION
79   PVC Schedule 80 IPS Plastic Pipe
111   Cast Iron Pipe—Class 150
80   Polyethylene Pipe—Pepco Products
112   Cast Iron Pipe—Class 150
82   Polyethylene Pipe—Bowsmith, Inc.
113   Class 150 Asbestos-Cement
83   Polyethylene Pipe—Hardie & Rain Bird
115   Portable Aluminum Pipe with Couplings
84   Agricultural Products Flexible PVC
116   Australian Standard PVC PN 6 Plastic Pipe
85   Pepco Flexible PVC
117   Australian Standard PVC PN 9 Plastic Pipe
86   Salco Flexible PVC
119   Australian Standard PVC PN 12 Plastic Pipe
87   Polyethylene Plastic Pipe ID Controlled
121   Australian Standard PVC PN 15 Plastic Pipe
88  HDPE DR 7 265 PSI (IPS size, OD controlled)
123   Water Meter Pressure Loss Chart
89  HPDE DR 9 200 PSI (IPS size, OD controlled)
124   Pressure Loss through Water Meters
90  HDPE DR 11 160 PSI (IPS size, OD controlled)
125  Loss of Pressure Due to Friction in Ordinary
91  HDPE DR 13.5 128 PSI (IPS size, OD controlled) Rubber Hose
92   C900 DR 25 Class 100 126  Roughness Coefficient C Values for
Hazen-Williams Equation
93   C900 DR 18 Class 150
127  Table of Approximate Pressure Losses for
94   C900 DR 14 Class 200
Pipe Fittings
95   C905 DR 25 Class 165
128  Pressure Losses Through Copper and
96   C905 DR 18 235 PSI Bronze Fittings
97   PVC 63 IPS Plastic Pipe 128   Pressure Loss Through Swing Check Valves
98   PVC 100 IPS Plastic Pipe 128  Pressure Losses Through Copper
99   PVC 125 IPS Plastic Pipe and Bronze Fittings

100 50 Foot Head Plastic Irrigation Pipe (PIP) 129   Pressure Losses in Valves and Fittings

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 69

IRRIGATION ASSOCIATION FRICTION LOSS AND VELOCITY CHARTS 2008

Tables are based upon the following:

Hazen-Williams Equation:

H f = ^0.2083h^100/C h . ^Q 1.852 /D 4.866h

1 852

The result is multiplied by 0.433 to give PSI loss for 100 feet of pipe.

The velocity values were derived using the following equation:

V=b l
0.408 # Q GPM
d2

The average inside diameter of OD controlled pipe was based upon subtracting two times the minium wall thick-
ness plue one-half of the wall thickness from the outside diameter.
Resources of information for pipe diameters and wall thickness came from:
• ASABE Standards 2007, ANSI/ASAE S376.2 Design, Installation and Performance of Underground,
Thermoplastic Irrigation Pipes
• Uni-Bell Handbook of PVC Pipe,Uni-Bell PVC Pipe Association
• Appropriate ASTM standards for non-plastic pipes

Pressure ratings for plastic pipes are based on 23˚ C or 73.4˚ F

Head loss decreases (increases) approximately 1% for ever 3 degrees F above (below) the reference temparature
(73.4˚ F).

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 70

CLASS 160 PVC IPS PLASTIC PIPE
ASTM D2241  (1120, 1220)  SDR 26  C=150 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
CLASS 160 PVC IPS PLASTIC PIPE
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe ASTM D-2241 (1120,1220) SDR 26 C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe

Shown for convenience

Nominal Class 315 Class 200
Size 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3" 4" 6"
Avg. ID 0.696 0.910 1.175 1.512 1.734 2.173 2.635 3.21 4.134 6.084
Pipe OD 0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 6.625
Avg. Wall 0.072 0.070 0.070 0.074 0.083 0.101 0.120 0.145 0.183 0.271
Min. Wall 0.062 0.060 0.060 0.064 0.073 0.091 0.110 0.135 0.173 0.255
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
1 0.84 0.25 0.49 0.07 0.30 0.02 0.18 0.01 0.14 0.00
2 1.68 0.90 0.99 0.24 0.59 0.07 0.36 0.02 0.27 0.01 0.17 0.00
3 2.53 1.90 1.48 0.52 0.89 0.15 0.54 0.04 0.41 0.02 0.26 0.01
4 3.37 3.24 1.97 0.88 1.18 0.25 0.71 0.07 0.54 0.04 0.35 0.01 0.24 0.00
5 4.21 4.89 2.46 1.33 1.48 0.38 0.89 0.11 0.68 0.06 0.43 0.02 0.29 0.01
6 5.05 6.86 2.96 1.86 1.77 0.54 1.07 0.16 0.81 0.08 0.52 0.03 0.35 0.01 0.24 0.00
7 5.90 9.12 3.45 2.47 2.07 0.71 1.25 0.21 0.95 0.11 0.60 0.04 0.41 0.01 0.28 0.01
8 6.74 11.68 3.94 3.17 2.36 0.91 1.43 0.27 1.09 0.14 0.69 0.05 0.47 0.02 0.32 0.01
9 7.58 14.53 4.43 3.94 2.66 1.14 1.61 0.33 1.22 0.17 0.78 0.06 0.53 0.02 0.36 0.01
10 8.42 17.66 4.93 4.79 2.96 1.38 1.78 0.40 1.36 0.21 0.86 0.07 0.59 0.03 0.40 0.01
12 10.11 24.75 5.91 6.71 3.55 1.94 2.14 0.57 1.63 0.29 1.04 0.10 0.71 0.04 0.48 0.01
14 11.79 32.93 6.90 8.93 4.14 2.58 2.50 0.76 1.90 0.39 1.21 0.13 0.82 0.05 0.55 0.02
16 13.48 42.16 7.88 11.44 4.73 3.30 2.86 0.97 2.17 0.50 1.38 0.17 0.94 0.06 0.63 0.02 0.38 0.01
18 15.16 52.44 8.87 14.23 5.32 4.10 3.21 1.20 2.44 0.62 1.56 0.21 1.06 0.08 0.71 0.03 0.43 0.01
20 9.85 17.29 5.91 4.99 3.57 1.46 2.71 0.75 1.73 0.25 1.18 0.10 0.79 0.04 0.48 0.01
22 10.84 20.63 6.50 5.95 3.93 1.74 2.99 0.90 1.90 0.30 1.29 0.12 0.87 0.04 0.53 0.01
24 11.82 24.24 7.09 6.99 4.28 2.05 3.26 1.05 2.07 0.35 1.41 0.14 0.95 0.05 0.57 0.02
26 12.81 28.11 7.68 8.11 4.64 2.38 3.53 1.22 2.25 0.41 1.53 0.16 1.03 0.06 0.62 0.02
28 13.80 32.25 8.27 9.30 5.00 2.73 3.80 1.40 2.42 0.47 1.65 0.18 1.11 0.07 0.67 0.02
30 14.78 36.64 8.87 10.57 5.35 3.10 4.07 1.59 2.59 0.53 1.76 0.21 1.19 0.08 0.72 0.02
32 9.46 11.91 5.71 3.49 4.34 1.79 2.76 0.60 1.88 0.23 1.27 0.09 0.76 0.03 0.35 0.00
34 10.05 13.32 6.07 3.91 4.61 2.01 2.94 0.67 2.00 0.26 1.35 0.10 0.81 0.03 0.37 0.00
36 10.64 14.81 6.42 4.34 4.88 2.23 3.11 0.74 2.12 0.29 1.43 0.11 0.86 0.03 0.40 0.00
38 11.23 16.37 6.78 4.80 5.16 2.46 3.28 0.82 2.23 0.32 1.50 0.12 0.91 0.04 0.42 0.01
40 11.82 18.00 7.14 5.28 5.43 2.71 3.46 0.90 2.35 0.35 1.58 0.14 0.95 0.04 0.44 0.01
42 12.41 19.70 7.50 5.78 5.70 2.97 3.63 0.99 2.47 0.39 1.66 0.15 1.00 0.04 0.46 0.01
44 13.00 21.47 7.85 6.30 5.97 3.23 3.80 1.08 2.59 0.42 1.74 0.16 1.05 0.05 0.48 0.01
46 13.59 23.32 8.21 6.84 6.24 3.51 3.97 1.17 2.70 0.46 1.82 0.18 1.10 0.05 0.51 0.01
48 14.18 25.23 8.57 7.40 6.51 3.80 4.15 1.27 2.82 0.50 1.90 0.19 1.15 0.06 0.53 0.01
50 14.78 27.21 8.92 7.98 6.78 4.10 4.32 1.37 2.94 0.53 1.98 0.20 1.19 0.06 0.55 0.01
55 9.82 9.52 7.46 4.89 4.75 1.63 3.23 0.64 2.18 0.24 1.31 0.07 0.61 0.01
60 10.71 11.18 8.14 5.74 5.18 1.91 3.53 0.75 2.38 0.29 1.43 0.08 0.66 0.01
65 11.60 12.97 8.82 6.66 5.62 2.22 3.82 0.87 2.57 0.33 1.55 0.10 0.72 0.01
70 12.49 14.88 9.50 7.64 6.05 2.55 4.11 1.00 2.77 0.38 1.67 0.11 0.77 0.02
75 13.38 16.90 10.18 8.68 6.48 2.89 4.41 1.13 2.97 0.43 1.79 0.13 0.83 0.02
80 14.28 19.05 10.86 9.78 6.91 3.26 4.70 1.28 3.17 0.49 1.91 0.14 0.88 0.02
85 11.53 10.94 7.34 3.65 4.99 1.43 3.37 0.55 2.03 0.16 0.94 0.02
90 12.21 12.16 7.78 4.06 5.29 1.59 3.56 0.61 2.15 0.18 0.99 0.03
95 12.89 13.45 8.21 4.48 5.58 1.76 3.76 0.67 2.27 0.20 1.05 0.03
100 13.57 14.79 8.64 4.93 5.88 1.93 3.96 0.74 2.39 0.22 1.10 0.03
110 14.93 17.64 9.50 5.88 6.46 2.30 4.36 0.88 2.63 0.26 1.21 0.04
120 10.37 6.91 7.05 2.71 4.75 1.04 2.86 0.30 1.32 0.05
130 11.23 8.02 7.64 3.14 5.15 1.20 3.10 0.35 1.43 0.05
140 12.10 9.20 8.23 3.60 5.54 1.38 3.34 0.40 1.54 0.06
150 12.96 10.45 8.81 4.09 5.94 1.57 3.58 0.46 1.65 0.07
160 13.82 11.77 9.40 4.61 6.34 1.76 3.82 0.52 1.76 0.08
170 14.69 13.17 9.99 5.16 6.73 1.97 4.06 0.58 1.87 0.09
180 10.58 5.73 7.13 2.19 4.30 0.64 1.98 0.10
190 11.16 6.34 7.52 2.42 4.54 0.71 2.09 0.11
200 11.75 6.97 7.92 2.67 4.77 0.78 2.20 0.12
220 12.93 8.31 8.71 3.18 5.25 0.93 2.42 0.14
240 14.10 9.77 9.50 3.74 5.73 1.09 2.65 0.17
260 10.29 4.33 6.21 1.27 2.87 0.19
280 11.09 4.97 6.68 1.45 3.09 0.22
300 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 11.88 5.65 7.16 1.65 3.31 0.25
320 12.67 6.37 7.64 1.86 3.53 0.28
340
Use with caution. 13.46 7.12 8.12 2.08 3.75 0.32
360 14.25 7.92 8.59 2.31 3.97 0.35
380 9.07 2.56 4.19 0.39
400 9.55 2.81 4.41 0.43
420 10.03 3.08 4.63 0.47
440 10.50 3.35 4.85 0.51
460 10.98 3.64 5.07 0.56
480 11.46 3.94 5.29 0.60
500 11.94 4.25 5.51 0.65

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 71

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PVC Class 160 IPS Plastic Pipe
CLASS 160 PVC IPS PLASTIC PIPE S376.2
ANSI/ASAE ASTM 2241 SDR 26 C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
ANSI/ASAE S376.2  ASTM 2241  SDR 26  C=150
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 6" 8" 10" 12" 14" 16" 18"
Avg. ID 6.084 7.921 9.874 11.710 12.860 14.696 16.532
Pipe OD 6.625 8.625 10.750 12.750 14.000 16.000 18.000
Avg. Wall 0.271 0.352 0.438 0.520 0.570 0.652 0.734
Min. Wall 0.255 0.332 0.413 0.490 0.538 0.615 0.692
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
20 0.22 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.00
40 0.44 0.01 0.26 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.06 0.00
60 0.66 0.01 0.39 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.09 0.00
80 0.88 0.02 0.52 0.01 0.33 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.12 0.00
100 1.10 0.03 0.65 0.01 0.42 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.15 0.00
150 1.65 0.07 0.98 0.02 0.63 0.01 0.45 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.22 0.00
200 2.20 0.12 1.30 0.03 0.84 0.01 0.60 0.00 0.49 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.30 0.00
250 2.76 0.18 1.63 0.05 1.05 0.02 0.74 0.01 0.62 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.37 0.00
300 3.31 0.25 1.95 0.07 1.26 0.02 0.89 0.01 0.74 0.01 0.57 0.00 0.45 0.00
350 3.86 0.33 2.28 0.09 1.46 0.03 1.04 0.01 0.86 0.01 0.66 0.00 0.52 0.00
400 4.41 0.43 2.60 0.12 1.67 0.04 1.19 0.02 0.99 0.01 0.76 0.01 0.60 0.00
450 4.96 0.53 2.93 0.15 1.88 0.05 1.34 0.02 1.11 0.01 0.85 0.01 0.67 0.00
500 5.51 0.65 3.25 0.18 2.09 0.06 1.49 0.03 1.23 0.02 0.94 0.01 0.75 0.01
550 6.06 0.77 3.58 0.21 2.30 0.07 1.64 0.03 1.36 0.02 1.04 0.01 0.82 0.01
600 6.61 0.91 3.90 0.25 2.51 0.09 1.79 0.04 1.48 0.02 1.13 0.01 0.90 0.01
650 7.16 1.05 4.23 0.29 2.72 0.10 1.93 0.04 1.60 0.03 1.23 0.01 0.97 0.01
700 7.72 1.21 4.55 0.33 2.93 0.11 2.08 0.05 1.73 0.03 1.32 0.02 1.04 0.01
750 8.27 1.37 4.88 0.38 3.14 0.13 2.23 0.06 1.85 0.04 1.42 0.02 1.12 0.01
800 8.82 1.55 5.20 0.43 3.35 0.15 2.38 0.06 1.97 0.04 1.51 0.02 1.19 0.01
850 9.37 1.73 5.53 0.48 3.56 0.16 2.53 0.07 2.10 0.05 1.61 0.02 1.27 0.01
900 5.85 0.53 3.77 0.18 2.68 0.08 2.22 0.05 1.70 0.03 1.34 0.01
950 6.18 0.59 3.98 0.20 2.83 0.09 2.34 0.06 1.79 0.03 1.42 0.02
1000 6.50 0.65 4.18 0.22 2.98 0.10 2.47 0.06 1.89 0.03 1.49 0.02
1050 6.83 0.71 4.39 0.24 3.12 0.11 2.59 0.07 1.98 0.04 1.57 0.02
1100 7.15 0.77 4.60 0.26 3.27 0.12 2.71 0.07 2.08 0.04 1.64 0.02
1150 4.81 0.29 3.42 0.13 2.84 0.08 2.17 0.04 1.72 0.02
1200 5.02 0.31 3.57 0.14 2.96 0.09 2.27 0.04 1.79 0.03
1250 5.23 0.34 3.72 0.15 3.08 0.09 2.36 0.05 1.87 0.03
1300 5.44 0.36 3.87 0.16 3.21 0.10 2.46 0.05 1.94 0.03
1350 5.65 0.39 4.02 0.17 3.33 0.11 2.55 0.06 2.02 0.03
1400 5.86 0.41 4.17 0.18 3.45 0.11 2.64 0.06 2.09 0.03
1450 6.07 0.44 4.31 0.19 3.58 0.12 2.74 0.06 2.16 0.04
1500 6.28 0.47 4.46 0.20 3.70 0.13 2.83 0.07 2.24 0.04
1600 6.70 0.53 4.76 0.23 3.95 0.15 3.02 0.08 2.39 0.04
1700 7.11 0.59 5.06 0.26 4.19 0.16 3.21 0.09 2.54 0.05
1800 5.36 0.29 4.44 0.18 3.40 0.10 2.69 0.05
1900 5.65 0.32 4.69 0.20 3.59 0.11 2.84 0.06
2000 5.95 0.35 4.93 0.22 3.78 0.12 2.99 0.07
2100 6.25 0.38 5.18 0.24 3.97 0.13 3.13 0.07
2200 6.55 0.42 5.43 0.26 4.16 0.14 3.28 0.08
2300 6.84 0.45 5.67 0.29 4.34 0.15 3.43 0.08
2400 7.14 0.49 5.92 0.31 4.53 0.16 3.58 0.09
2500 7.44 0.53 6.17 0.33 4.72 0.17 3.73 0.10
2600 7.74 0.57 6.41 0.36 4.91 0.19 3.88 0.11
2700 8.03 0.61 6.66 0.39 5.10 0.20 4.03 0.11
2800 8.33 0.65 6.91 0.41 5.29 0.22 4.18 0.12
2900 8.63 0.69 7.15 0.44 5.48 0.23 4.33 0.13
3000 8.93 0.74 7.40 0.47 5.67 0.24 4.48 0.14
3100 9.22 0.79 7.65 0.50 5.86 0.26 4.63 0.15
3200 9.52 0.83 7.89 0.53 6.05 0.28 4.78 0.16
3300 8.14 0.56 6.23 0.29 4.93 0.16
3400 8.39 0.59 6.42 0.31 5.08 0.17
3500 8.63 0.62 6.61 0.33 5.22 0.18
3600 8.88 0.66 6.80 0.34 5.37 0.19
3700 9.13 0.69 6.99 0.36 5.52 0.20
3800 7.18 0.38 5.67 0.21
3900 7.37 0.40 5.82 0.22
4000 7.56 0.42 5.97 0.24
4100 7.75 0.44 6.12 0.25
4200 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 7.93 0.46 6.27 0.26
4300 Use with caution. 6.42 0.27
4400 6.57 0.28
4500 6.72 0.29
4600 6.87 0.30
4700 7.02 0.32

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 72

CLASS 200 PVC IPS PLASTIC PIPE Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
CLASS 200 PVC IPS PLASTIC PIPE
ASTM D2241  (1120, 1220)  SDR 21  C=150 ASTM D-2241 (1120,1220) SDR 21 C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe

Nominal Class 315

Size 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3" 4" 6"
Avg. ID 0.696 0.910 1.169 1.482 1.700 2.129 2.581 3.146 4.046 5.955
Pipe OD 0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 6.625
Avg.Wall 0.072 0.070 0.073 0.089 0.100 0.123 0.147 0.177 0.227 0.335
Min. Wall 0.062 0.060 0.063 0.079 0.090 0.113 0.137 0.167 0.214 0.316
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
1 0.84 0.25 0.49 0.07 0.30 0.02 0.19 0.01 0.14 0.00
2 1.68 0.90 0.99 0.24 0.60 0.07 0.37 0.02 0.28 0.01 0.18 0.00
3 2.53 1.90 1.48 0.52 0.90 0.15 0.56 0.05 0.42 0.02 0.27 0.01
4 3.37 3.24 1.97 0.88 1.19 0.26 0.74 0.08 0.56 0.04 0.36 0.01 0.24 0.01
5 4.21 4.89 2.46 1.33 1.49 0.39 0.93 0.12 0.71 0.06 0.45 0.02 0.31 0.01
6 5.05 6.86 2.96 1.86 1.79 0.55 1.11 0.17 0.85 0.09 0.54 0.03 0.37 0.01 0.25 0.00
7 5.90 9.12 3.45 2.47 2.09 0.73 1.30 0.23 0.99 0.12 0.63 0.04 0.43 0.02 0.29 0.01
8 6.74 11.68 3.94 3.17 2.39 0.94 1.49 0.30 1.13 0.15 0.72 0.05 0.49 0.02 0.33 0.01
9 7.58 14.53 4.43 3.94 2.69 1.17 1.67 0.37 1.27 0.19 0.81 0.06 0.55 0.02 0.37 0.01
10 8.42 17.66 4.93 4.79 2.99 1.42 1.86 0.45 1.41 0.23 0.90 0.08 0.61 0.03 0.41 0.01
12 10.11 24.75 5.91 6.71 3.58 1.98 2.23 0.63 1.69 0.32 1.08 0.11 0.73 0.04 0.49 0.02
14 11.79 32.93 6.90 8.93 4.18 2.64 2.60 0.83 1.98 0.43 1.26 0.14 0.86 0.06 0.58 0.02
16 13.48 42.16 7.88 11.44 4.78 3.38 2.97 1.07 2.26 0.55 1.44 0.18 0.98 0.07 0.66 0.03 0.40 0.01
18 15.16 52.44 8.87 14.23 5.37 4.21 3.34 1.33 2.54 0.68 1.62 0.23 1.10 0.09 0.74 0.03 0.45 0.01
20 9.85 17.29 5.97 5.11 3.72 1.61 2.82 0.83 1.80 0.28 1.22 0.11 0.82 0.04 0.50 0.01
22 10.84 20.63 6.57 6.10 4.09 1.92 3.11 0.99 1.98 0.33 1.35 0.13 0.91 0.05 0.55 0.01
24 11.82 24.24 7.17 7.17 4.46 2.26 3.39 1.16 2.16 0.39 1.47 0.15 0.99 0.06 0.60 0.02
26 12.81 28.11 7.76 8.31 4.83 2.62 3.67 1.34 2.34 0.45 1.59 0.18 1.07 0.07 0.65 0.02
28 13.80 32.25 8.36 9.53 5.20 3.01 3.95 1.54 2.52 0.52 1.71 0.20 1.15 0.08 0.70 0.02
30 14.78 36.64 8.96 10.83 5.57 3.41 4.24 1.75 2.70 0.59 1.84 0.23 1.24 0.09 0.75 0.03
32 9.55 12.21 5.94 3.85 4.52 1.97 2.88 0.66 1.96 0.26 1.32 0.10 0.80 0.03 0.37 0.00
34 10.15 13.66 6.32 4.31 4.80 2.21 3.06 0.74 2.08 0.29 1.40 0.11 0.85 0.03 0.39 0.00
36 10.75 15.18 6.69 4.79 5.08 2.45 3.24 0.82 2.20 0.32 1.48 0.12 0.90 0.04 0.41 0.01
38 11.35 16.78 7.06 5.29 5.36 2.71 3.42 0.91 2.33 0.36 1.57 0.14 0.95 0.04 0.44 0.01
40 11.94 18.45 7.43 5.82 5.65 2.98 3.60 1.00 2.45 0.39 1.65 0.15 1.00 0.04 0.46 0.01
42 12.54 20.20 7.80 6.37 5.93 3.27 3.78 1.09 2.57 0.43 1.73 0.16 1.05 0.05 0.48 0.01
44 13.14 22.02 8.17 6.94 6.21 3.56 3.96 1.19 2.69 0.47 1.81 0.18 1.10 0.05 0.51 0.01
46 13.73 23.91 8.55 7.54 6.49 3.86 4.14 1.29 2.82 0.51 1.90 0.19 1.15 0.06 0.53 0.01
48 14.33 25.87 8.92 8.15 6.78 4.18 4.32 1.40 2.94 0.55 1.98 0.21 1.20 0.06 0.55 0.01
50 14.93 27.90 9.29 8.79 7.06 4.51 4.50 1.51 3.06 0.59 2.06 0.23 1.25 0.07 0.58 0.01
55 10.22 10.49 7.76 5.38 4.95 1.80 3.37 0.71 2.27 0.27 1.37 0.08 0.63 0.01
60 11.15 12.33 8.47 6.32 5.40 2.11 3.67 0.83 2.47 0.32 1.50 0.09 0.69 0.01
65 12.07 14.30 9.18 7.33 5.85 2.45 3.98 0.96 2.68 0.37 1.62 0.11 0.75 0.02
70 13.00 16.40 9.88 8.41 6.30 2.81 4.29 1.10 2.89 0.42 1.74 0.12 0.81 0.02
75 13.93 18.63 10.59 9.56 6.75 3.20 4.59 1.25 3.09 0.48 1.87 0.14 0.86 0.02
80 14.86 21.00 11.29 10.77 7.20 3.60 4.90 1.41 3.30 0.54 1.99 0.16 0.92 0.02
85 12.00 12.05 7.65 4.03 5.21 1.58 3.50 0.60 2.12 0.18 0.98 0.03
90 12.71 13.40 8.10 4.48 5.51 1.76 3.71 0.67 2.24 0.20 1.04 0.03
95 13.41 14.81 8.55 4.95 5.82 1.94 3.92 0.74 2.37 0.22 1.09 0.03
100 14.12 16.28 9.00 5.45 6.12 2.13 4.12 0.81 2.49 0.24 1.15 0.04
110 9.90 6.50 6.74 2.55 4.53 0.97 2.74 0.29 1.27 0.04
120 10.80 7.63 7.35 2.99 4.95 1.14 2.99 0.34 1.38 0.05
130 11.70 8.85 7.96 3.47 5.36 1.32 3.24 0.39 1.50 0.06
140 12.60 10.16 8.57 3.98 5.77 1.52 3.49 0.45 1.61 0.07
150 13.50 11.54 9.19 4.52 6.18 1.73 3.74 0.51 1.73 0.08
160 14.40 13.01 9.80 5.10 6.60 1.95 3.99 0.57 1.84 0.09
170 10.41 5.70 7.01 2.18 4.24 0.64 1.96 0.10
180 11.02 6.34 7.42 2.42 4.49 0.71 2.07 0.11
190 11.64 7.01 7.83 2.67 4.74 0.79 2.19 0.12
200 12.25 7.71 8.24 2.94 4.98 0.86 2.30 0.13
220 13.47 9.19 9.07 3.51 5.48 1.03 2.53 0.16
240 14.70 10.80 9.89 4.12 5.98 1.21 2.76 0.18
260 10.72 4.78 6.48 1.41 2.99 0.21
280 11.54 5.48 6.98 1.61 3.22 0.25
300 12.37 6.23 7.48 1.83 3.45 0.28
320 13.19 7.02 7.98 2.06 3.68 0.31
340 14.02 7.86 8.47 2.31 3.91 0.35
360 14.84 8.73 8.97 2.57 4.14 0.39
380 9.47 2.84 4.37 0.43
400 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 9.97 3.12 4.60 0.48
420 10.47 3.42 4.83 0.52
440
Use with caution. 10.97 3.72 5.06 0.57
460 11.46 4.04 5.29 0.62
480 11.96 4.37 5.52 0.67
500 12.46 4.72 5.75 0.72

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 73

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008

CLASS 200 PVC IPS PLASTIC PVC

PIPEClass 200 IPS Plastic Pipe
ANSI/ASAE S376.2 ASTM 2241 SDR 21 C=150
ANSI/ASAE S376.2  ASTM 2241  SDR 21  C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 6" 8" 10" 12" 14" 16" 18"
Avg. ID 5.955 7.755 9.666 11.464 12.588 14.384 15.246
Pipe OD 6.625 8.625 10.750 12.750 14.000 16.000 18.000
Avg. Wall 0.335 0.435 0.542 0.643 0.706 0.808 1.377
Min. Wall 0.316 0.410 0.511 0.606 0.666 0.762 0.857
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
20 0.23 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.00
40 0.46 0.01 0.27 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.07 0.00
60 0.69 0.01 0.41 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.11 0.00
80 0.92 0.02 0.54 0.01 0.35 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.14 0.00
100 1.15 0.04 0.68 0.01 0.44 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.18 0.00
150 1.73 0.08 1.02 0.02 0.66 0.01 0.47 0.00 0.39 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.26 0.00
200 2.30 0.13 1.36 0.04 0.87 0.01 0.62 0.01 0.51 0.00 0.39 0.00 0.35 0.00
250 2.88 0.20 1.70 0.06 1.09 0.02 0.78 0.01 0.64 0.01 0.49 0.00 0.44 0.00
300 3.45 0.28 2.04 0.08 1.31 0.03 0.93 0.01 0.77 0.01 0.59 0.00 0.53 0.00
350 4.03 0.37 2.37 0.10 1.53 0.04 1.09 0.02 0.90 0.01 0.69 0.01 0.61 0.00
400 4.60 0.48 2.71 0.13 1.75 0.05 1.24 0.02 1.03 0.01 0.79 0.01 0.70 0.00
450 5.18 0.59 3.05 0.16 1.97 0.06 1.40 0.02 1.16 0.02 0.89 0.01 0.79 0.01
500 5.75 0.72 3.39 0.20 2.18 0.07 1.55 0.03 1.29 0.02 0.99 0.01 0.88 0.01
550 6.33 0.86 3.73 0.24 2.40 0.08 1.71 0.04 1.42 0.02 1.08 0.01 0.97 0.01
600 6.90 1.01 4.07 0.28 2.62 0.10 1.86 0.04 1.54 0.03 1.18 0.01 1.05 0.01
650 7.48 1.17 4.41 0.32 2.84 0.11 2.02 0.05 1.67 0.03 1.28 0.02 1.14 0.01
700 8.05 1.34 4.75 0.37 3.06 0.13 2.17 0.06 1.80 0.04 1.38 0.02 1.23 0.01
750 8.63 1.52 5.09 0.42 3.28 0.14 2.33 0.06 1.93 0.04 1.48 0.02 1.32 0.02
800 9.20 1.72 5.43 0.48 3.49 0.16 2.48 0.07 2.06 0.04 1.58 0.02 1.40 0.02
850 9.78 1.92 5.77 0.53 3.71 0.18 2.64 0.08 2.19 0.05 1.68 0.03 1.49 0.02
900 6.11 0.59 3.93 0.20 2.79 0.09 2.32 0.06 1.77 0.03 1.58 0.02
950 6.44 0.65 4.15 0.22 2.95 0.10 2.45 0.06 1.87 0.03 1.67 0.02
1000 6.78 0.72 4.37 0.25 3.10 0.11 2.57 0.07 1.97 0.04 1.76 0.03
1050 7.12 0.79 4.59 0.27 3.26 0.12 2.70 0.07 2.07 0.04 1.84 0.03
1100 7.46 0.86 4.80 0.29 3.41 0.13 2.83 0.08 2.17 0.04 1.93 0.03
1150 5.02 0.32 3.57 0.14 2.96 0.09 2.27 0.05 2.02 0.03
1200 5.24 0.34 3.73 0.15 3.09 0.10 2.37 0.05 2.11 0.04
1250 5.46 0.37 3.88 0.16 3.22 0.10 2.46 0.05 2.19 0.04
1300 5.68 0.40 4.04 0.17 3.35 0.11 2.56 0.06 2.28 0.04
1350 5.90 0.43 4.19 0.19 3.48 0.12 2.66 0.06 2.37 0.05
1400 6.11 0.46 4.35 0.20 3.60 0.13 2.76 0.07 2.46 0.05
1450 6.33 0.49 4.50 0.21 3.73 0.14 2.86 0.07 2.55 0.05
1500 6.55 0.52 4.66 0.23 3.86 0.14 2.96 0.08 2.63 0.06
1600 6.99 0.59 4.97 0.26 4.12 0.16 3.16 0.08 2.81 0.06
1700 7.42 0.66 5.28 0.29 4.38 0.18 3.35 0.09 2.98 0.07
1800 5.59 0.32 4.63 0.20 3.55 0.11 3.16 0.08
1900 5.90 0.35 4.89 0.22 3.75 0.12 3.34 0.09
2000 6.21 0.39 5.15 0.25 3.94 0.13 3.51 0.10
2100 6.52 0.42 5.41 0.27 4.14 0.14 3.69 0.11
2200 6.83 0.46 5.66 0.29 4.34 0.15 3.86 0.12
2300 7.14 0.50 5.92 0.32 4.54 0.17 4.04 0.13
2400 7.45 0.54 6.18 0.34 4.73 0.18 4.21 0.14
2500 7.76 0.59 6.44 0.37 4.93 0.19 4.39 0.15
2600 8.07 0.63 6.69 0.40 5.13 0.21 4.56 0.16
2700 8.38 0.67 6.95 0.43 5.32 0.22 4.74 0.17
2800 8.69 0.72 7.21 0.46 5.52 0.24 4.91 0.18
2900 9.00 0.77 7.47 0.49 5.72 0.26 5.09 0.19
3000 9.31 0.82 7.72 0.52 5.92 0.27 5.27 0.20
3100 9.62 0.87 7.98 0.55 6.11 0.29 5.44 0.22
3200 9.93 0.92 8.24 0.59 6.31 0.31 5.62 0.23
3300 8.50 0.62 6.51 0.32 5.79 0.24
3400 8.75 0.66 6.70 0.34 5.97 0.26
3500 9.01 0.69 6.90 0.36 6.14 0.27
3600 9.27 0.73 7.10 0.38 6.32 0.29
3700 9.53 0.77 7.30 0.40 6.49 0.30
3800 7.49 0.42 6.67 0.32
3900 7.69 0.44 6.85 0.33
4000 7.89 0.46 7.02 0.35
4100 8.09 0.48 7.20 0.37
4200 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 8.28 0.51 7.37 0.38
4300 7.55 0.40
Use with caution.
4400 7.72 0.42
4500 7.90 0.43
4600 8.07 0.45
4700 8.25 0.47

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 74

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
CLASS 315 PVC IPS PLASTIC PIPE
CLASS 315 PVC IPS PLASTIC PIPE
ASTM D2241  (1120, 1220)  SDR 13.5  ASTM
C=150
D-2241 (1120,1220) SDR 13.5 C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe

Nominal
Size 1/2 " 3/4 " 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3" 4" 6"
Avg. ID 0.696 0.874 1.101 1.394 1.598 1.983 2.423 2.948 3.794 5.583
Pipe OD 0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 6.625
Avg. Wall 0.072 0.088 0.107 0.133 0.151 0.196 0.226 0.274 0.353 0.521
Min. Wall 0.062 0.078 0.097 0.123 0.141 0.176 0.213 0.259 0.333 0.491
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
1 0.84 0.25 0.53 0.08 0.34 0.03 0.21 0.01 0.16 0.00
2 1.68 0.90 1.07 0.30 0.67 0.10 0.42 0.03 0.32 0.02 0.21 0.01
3 2.53 1.90 1.60 0.63 1.01 0.20 0.63 0.06 0.48 0.03 0.31 0.01
4 3.37 3.24 2.14 1.07 1.35 0.35 0.84 0.11 0.64 0.06 0.42 0.02 0.28 0.01
5 4.21 4.89 2.67 1.61 1.68 0.53 1.05 0.17 0.80 0.09 0.52 0.03 0.35 0.01
6 5.05 6.86 3.20 2.26 2.02 0.74 1.26 0.23 0.96 0.12 0.62 0.04 0.42 0.02 0.28 0.01
7 5.90 9.12 3.74 3.01 2.36 0.98 1.47 0.31 1.12 0.16 0.73 0.06 0.49 0.02 0.33 0.01
8 6.74 11.68 4.27 3.86 2.69 1.25 1.68 0.40 1.28 0.20 0.83 0.07 0.56 0.03 0.38 0.01
9 7.58 14.53 4.81 4.80 3.03 1.56 1.89 0.49 1.44 0.25 0.93 0.09 0.63 0.03 0.42 0.01
10 8.42 17.66 5.34 5.83 3.37 1.90 2.10 0.60 1.60 0.31 1.04 0.11 0.69 0.04 0.47 0.02
12 10.11 24.75 6.41 8.17 4.04 2.66 2.52 0.84 1.92 0.43 1.25 0.15 0.83 0.06 0.56 0.02
14 11.79 32.93 7.48 10.87 4.71 3.53 2.94 1.12 2.24 0.58 1.45 0.20 0.97 0.08 0.66 0.03
16 13.48 42.16 8.55 13.92 5.39 4.53 3.36 1.44 2.56 0.74 1.66 0.26 1.11 0.10 0.75 0.04 0.45 0.01
18 15.16 52.44 9.61 17.32 6.06 5.63 3.78 1.79 2.88 0.92 1.87 0.32 1.25 0.12 0.85 0.05 0.51 0.01
20 10.68 21.05 6.73 6.84 4.20 2.17 3.20 1.12 2.08 0.39 1.39 0.15 0.94 0.06 0.57 0.02
22 11.75 25.11 7.40 8.16 4.62 2.59 3.52 1.33 2.28 0.47 1.53 0.18 1.03 0.07 0.62 0.02
24 12.82 29.50 8.08 9.59 5.04 3.04 3.83 1.57 2.49 0.55 1.67 0.21 1.13 0.08 0.68 0.02
26 13.89 34.21 8.75 11.12 5.46 3.53 4.15 1.82 2.70 0.64 1.81 0.24 1.22 0.09 0.74 0.03
28 14.96 39.25 9.42 12.76 5.88 4.05 4.47 2.08 2.91 0.73 1.95 0.27 1.31 0.11 0.79 0.03
30 16.02 44.60 10.10 14.50 6.30 4.60 4.79 2.37 3.11 0.83 2.08 0.31 1.41 0.12 0.85 0.04
32 10.77 16.34 6.72 5.18 5.11 2.67 3.32 0.93 2.22 0.35 1.50 0.14 0.91 0.04 0.42 0.01
34 11.44 18.28 7.14 5.80 5.43 2.98 3.53 1.04 2.36 0.39 1.60 0.15 0.96 0.04 0.45 0.01
36 12.12 20.32 7.56 6.45 5.75 3.32 3.74 1.16 2.50 0.44 1.69 0.17 1.02 0.05 0.47 0.01
38 12.79 22.46 7.98 7.13 6.07 3.67 3.94 1.28 2.64 0.48 1.78 0.19 1.08 0.05 0.50 0.01
40 13.46 24.70 8.40 7.84 6.39 4.03 4.15 1.41 2.78 0.53 1.88 0.20 1.13 0.06 0.52 0.01
42 14.14 27.04 8.82 8.58 6.71 4.41 4.36 1.54 2.92 0.58 1.97 0.22 1.19 0.07 0.55 0.01
44 14.81 29.47 9.24 9.35 7.03 4.81 4.57 1.68 3.06 0.63 2.07 0.24 1.25 0.07 0.58 0.01
46 15.48 32.00 9.66 10.15 7.35 5.22 4.77 1.83 3.20 0.69 2.16 0.27 1.30 0.08 0.60 0.01
48 16.16 34.62 10.08 10.98 7.67 5.65 4.98 1.98 3.34 0.75 2.25 0.29 1.36 0.08 0.63 0.01
50 16.83 37.34 10.50 11.85 7.99 6.09 5.19 2.13 3.47 0.80 2.35 0.31 1.42 0.09 0.65 0.01
55 11.55 14.13 8.79 7.27 5.71 2.54 3.82 0.96 2.58 0.37 1.56 0.11 0.72 0.02
60 12.60 16.60 9.59 8.54 6.23 2.99 4.17 1.13 2.82 0.43 1.70 0.13 0.79 0.02
65 13.65 19.26 10.39 9.91 6.74 3.47 4.52 1.31 3.05 0.50 1.84 0.15 0.85 0.02
70 14.70 22.09 11.18 11.37 7.26 3.98 4.86 1.50 3.29 0.58 1.98 0.17 0.92 0.03
75 15.75 25.10 11.98 12.91 7.78 4.52 5.21 1.70 3.52 0.66 2.13 0.19 0.98 0.03
80 16.80 28.29 12.78 14.55 8.30 5.09 5.56 1.92 3.76 0.74 2.27 0.22 1.05 0.03
85 13.58 16.28 8.82 5.70 5.91 2.15 3.99 0.83 2.41 0.24 1.11 0.04
90 14.38 18.10 9.34 6.33 6.25 2.39 4.23 0.92 2.55 0.27 1.18 0.04
95 15.18 20.01 9.86 7.00 6.60 2.64 4.46 1.02 2.69 0.30 1.24 0.05
100 15.98 22.00 10.38 7.70 6.95 2.90 4.69 1.12 2.83 0.33 1.31 0.05
110 11.41 9.18 7.64 3.46 5.16 1.33 3.12 0.39 1.44 0.06
120 12.45 10.79 8.34 4.07 5.63 1.57 3.40 0.46 1.57 0.07
130 13.49 12.51 9.03 4.72 6.10 1.82 3.68 0.53 1.70 0.08
140 14.53 14.35 9.73 5.41 6.57 2.08 3.97 0.61 1.83 0.09
150 15.56 16.31 10.42 6.15 7.04 2.37 4.25 0.69 1.96 0.11
160 16.60 18.38 11.12 6.93 7.51 2.67 4.54 0.78 2.09 0.12
170 11.81 7.76 7.98 2.99 4.82 0.87 2.23 0.13
180 12.51 8.62 8.45 3.32 5.10 0.97 2.36 0.15
190 13.20 9.53 8.92 3.67 5.39 1.08 2.49 0.16
200 13.90 10.48 9.39 4.03 5.67 1.18 2.62 0.18
220 15.29 12.50 10.33 4.81 6.24 1.41 2.88 0.22
240 16.68 14.69 11.27 5.66 6.80 1.66 3.14 0.25
260 12.21 6.56 7.37 1.92 3.40 0.29
280 13.15 7.52 7.94 2.20 3.67 0.34
300 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 14.08 8.55 8.50 2.50 3.93 0.38
9.64 2.82 0.43
320
Use with caution. 15.02 9.07 4.19
340 15.96 10.78 9.64 3.16 4.45 0.48
360 16.90 11.98 10.20 3.51 4.71 0.54
380 10.77 3.88 4.97 0.59
400 11.34 4.27 5.24 0.65
420 11.90 4.67 5.50 0.71
440 12.47 5.09 5.76 0.78
460 13.04 5.53 6.02 0.84
480 13.61 5.98 6.28 0.91
500 14.17 6.45 6.54 0.98

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 75

 SCHEDULE 40 PVC IPS PLASTIC PIPE
Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
Schedule 40 PVC IPS PLASTIC PIPE
ASTM D1785  (1120, 1220)  C=150 ASTM D-1785 (1120,1220) C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe

Nominal
Size 1/2 " 3/4 " 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3" 4" 6"
Avg. ID 0.602 0.804 1.029 1.360 1.590 2.047 2.445 3.042 3.998 6.031
Pipe OD 0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 6.625
Avg. Wall 0.119 0.123 0.143 0.150 0.155 0.164 0.215 0.229 0.251 0.297
Min. Wall 0.109 0.113 0.133 0.140 0.145 0.154 0.203 0.216 0.237 0.280
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
1 1.13 0.50 0.63 0.12 0.39 0.04 0.22 0.01 0.16 0.00
2 2.25 1.82 1.26 0.44 0.77 0.13 0.44 0.03 0.32 0.02 0.19 0.00
3 3.38 3.85 1.89 0.94 1.16 0.28 0.66 0.07 0.48 0.03 0.29 0.01
4 4.50 6.55 2.52 1.60 1.54 0.48 0.88 0.12 0.65 0.06 0.39 0.02 0.27 0.01
5 5.63 9.91 3.16 2.42 1.93 0.73 1.10 0.19 0.81 0.09 0.49 0.03 0.34 0.01
6 6.75 13.89 3.79 3.40 2.31 1.02 1.32 0.26 0.97 0.12 0.58 0.04 0.41 0.02 0.26 0.01
7 7.88 18.48 4.42 4.52 2.70 1.36 1.54 0.35 1.13 0.16 0.68 0.05 0.48 0.02 0.31 0.01
8 9.01 23.66 5.05 5.79 3.08 1.74 1.76 0.45 1.29 0.21 0.78 0.06 0.55 0.03 0.35 0.01
9 10.13 29.43 5.68 7.20 3.47 2.17 1.99 0.56 1.45 0.26 0.88 0.08 0.61 0.03 0.40 0.01
10 11.26 35.77 6.31 8.75 3.85 2.63 2.21 0.68 1.61 0.32 0.97 0.09 0.68 0.04 0.44 0.01
12 13.51 50.14 7.57 12.27 4.62 3.69 2.65 0.95 1.94 0.44 1.17 0.13 0.82 0.05 0.53 0.02
14 15.76 66.71 8.84 16.32 5.39 4.91 3.09 1.26 2.26 0.59 1.36 0.17 0.96 0.07 0.62 0.03
16 18.01 85.42 10.10 20.90 6.17 6.29 3.53 1.62 2.58 0.76 1.56 0.22 1.09 0.09 0.71 0.03 0.41 0.01
18 20.26 106.24 11.36 25.99 6.94 7.82 3.97 2.01 2.90 0.94 1.75 0.28 1.23 0.12 0.79 0.04 0.46 0.01
20 12.62 31.59 7.71 9.51 4.41 2.45 3.23 1.14 1.95 0.33 1.36 0.14 0.88 0.05 0.51 0.01
22 13.89 37.69 8.48 11.35 4.85 2.92 3.55 1.37 2.14 0.40 1.50 0.17 0.97 0.06 0.56 0.02
24 15.15 44.28 9.25 13.33 5.29 3.43 3.87 1.60 2.34 0.47 1.64 0.20 1.06 0.07 0.61 0.02
26 16.41 51.36 10.02 15.46 5.74 3.98 4.20 1.86 2.53 0.54 1.77 0.23 1.15 0.08 0.66 0.02
28 17.67 58.91 10.79 17.73 6.18 4.56 4.52 2.13 2.73 0.62 1.91 0.26 1.23 0.09 0.71 0.02
30 18.94 66.94 11.56 20.15 6.62 5.19 4.84 2.42 2.92 0.71 2.05 0.30 1.32 0.10 0.77 0.03
32 12.33 22.71 7.06 5.85 5.16 2.73 3.12 0.80 2.18 0.34 1.41 0.12 0.82 0.03 0.36 0.00
34 13.10 25.41 7.50 6.54 5.49 3.06 3.31 0.89 2.32 0.38 1.50 0.13 0.87 0.03 0.38 0.00
36 13.87 28.24 7.94 7.27 5.81 3.40 3.51 0.99 2.46 0.42 1.59 0.14 0.92 0.04 0.40 0.01
38 14.64 31.22 8.38 8.04 6.13 3.76 3.70 1.10 2.59 0.46 1.68 0.16 0.97 0.04 0.43 0.01
40 15.41 34.33 8.82 8.84 6.46 4.13 3.89 1.21 2.73 0.51 1.76 0.18 1.02 0.05 0.45 0.01
42 16.18 37.58 9.26 9.67 6.78 4.52 4.09 1.32 2.87 0.56 1.85 0.19 1.07 0.05 0.47 0.01
44 16.95 40.96 9.71 10.54 7.10 4.93 4.28 1.44 3.00 0.61 1.94 0.21 1.12 0.06 0.49 0.01
46 17.73 44.47 10.15 11.45 7.42 5.35 4.48 1.57 3.14 0.66 2.03 0.23 1.17 0.06 0.52 0.01
48 18.50 48.12 10.59 12.39 7.75 5.79 4.67 1.69 3.28 0.71 2.12 0.25 1.23 0.07 0.54 0.01
50 19.27 51.90 11.03 13.36 8.07 6.25 4.87 1.83 3.41 0.77 2.20 0.27 1.28 0.07 0.56 0.01
55 12.13 15.94 8.88 7.45 5.36 2.18 3.75 0.92 2.42 0.32 1.40 0.08 0.62 0.01
60 13.24 18.72 9.68 8.75 5.84 2.56 4.09 1.08 2.65 0.37 1.53 0.10 0.67 0.01
65 14.34 21.72 10.49 10.15 6.33 2.97 4.44 1.25 2.87 0.43 1.66 0.11 0.73 0.02
70 15.44 24.91 11.30 11.65 6.82 3.41 4.78 1.43 3.09 0.50 1.79 0.13 0.79 0.02
75 16.54 28.31 12.10 13.23 7.30 3.87 5.12 1.63 3.31 0.56 1.91 0.15 0.84 0.02
80 17.65 31.90 12.91 14.91 7.79 4.36 5.46 1.84 3.53 0.63 2.04 0.17 0.90 0.02
85 13.72 16.69 8.28 4.88 5.80 2.06 3.75 0.71 2.17 0.19 0.95 0.03
90 14.52 18.55 8.76 5.43 6.14 2.29 3.97 0.79 2.30 0.21 1.01 0.03
95 15.33 20.50 9.25 6.00 6.48 2.53 4.19 0.87 2.42 0.23 1.07 0.03
100 16.14 22.55 9.74 6.59 6.82 2.78 4.41 0.96 2.55 0.25 1.12 0.03
110 10.71 7.87 7.51 3.31 4.85 1.14 2.81 0.30 1.23 0.04
120 11.68 9.24 8.19 3.89 5.29 1.34 3.06 0.36 1.35 0.05
130 12.66 10.72 8.87 4.52 5.73 1.56 3.32 0.41 1.46 0.06
140 13.63 12.30 9.55 5.18 6.17 1.79 3.57 0.47 1.57 0.06
150 14.61 13.97 10.24 5.89 6.61 2.03 3.83 0.54 1.68 0.07
160 15.58 15.75 10.92 6.63 7.05 2.29 4.08 0.61 1.79 0.08
170 11.60 7.42 7.50 2.56 4.34 0.68 1.91 0.09
180 12.28 8.25 7.94 2.85 4.59 0.75 2.02 0.10
190 12.97 9.12 8.38 3.15 4.85 0.83 2.13 0.11
200 13.65 10.03 8.82 3.46 5.11 0.92 2.24 0.12
220 15.01 11.96 9.70 4.13 5.62 1.09 2.47 0.15
240 16.38 14.06 10.58 4.85 6.13 1.28 2.69 0.17
260 11.46 5.63 6.64 1.49 2.92 0.20
280 12.35 6.46 7.15 1.71 3.14 0.23
300 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 13.23 7.34 7.66 1.94 3.37 0.26
320 Use with caution. 14.11 8.27 8.17 2.19 3.59 0.30
340 14.99 9.25 8.68 2.45 3.81 0.33
360 15.87 10.29 9.19 2.72 4.04 0.37
380 9.70 3.01 4.26 0.41
400 10.21 3.31 4.49 0.45
420 10.72 3.62 4.71 0.49
440 11.23 3.95 4.94 0.53
460 11.74 4.28 5.16 0.58
480 12.25 4.64 5.38 0.63
500 12.76 5.00 5.61 0.68
Working
Pressure 600 PSI 480 PSI 450 PSI 370 PSI 330 PSI 280 PSI 300 PSI 260 PSI 220 PSI 180 PSI

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 76

PVC SCHEDULE 40 IPS PLASTIC PIPE
Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PVC Schedule 40 IPS Plastic Pipe
ASTM D1785  C=150 ASTM D1785 C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe

Nominal
Size 4" 6" 8" 10" 12"
Avg. ID 3.998 6.031 7.942 9.976 11.889
Pipe OD 4.500 6.625 8.625 10.750 12.750
Avg. Wall 0.251 0.297 0.342 0.387 0.431
Min. Wall 0.237 0.280 0.322 0.365 0.406
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
10 0.26 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.00
20 0.51 0.01 0.22 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.06 0.00
30 0.77 0.03 0.34 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.09 0.00
40 1.02 0.05 0.45 0.01 0.26 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.12 0.00
50 1.28 0.07 0.56 0.01 0.32 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.14 0.00
60 1.53 0.10 0.67 0.01 0.39 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.17 0.00
70 1.79 0.13 0.79 0.02 0.45 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.20 0.00
80 2.04 0.17 0.90 0.02 0.52 0.01 0.33 0.00 0.23 0.00
90 2.30 0.21 1.01 0.03 0.58 0.01 0.37 0.00 0.26 0.00
100 2.55 0.25 1.12 0.03 0.65 0.01 0.41 0.00 0.29 0.00
120 3.06 0.36 1.35 0.05 0.78 0.01 0.49 0.00 0.35 0.00
140 3.57 0.47 1.57 0.06 0.91 0.02 0.57 0.01 0.40 0.00
160 4.08 0.61 1.79 0.08 1.03 0.02 0.66 0.01 0.46 0.00
180 4.59 0.75 2.02 0.10 1.16 0.03 0.74 0.01 0.52 0.00
200 5.11 0.92 2.24 0.12 1.29 0.03 0.82 0.01 0.58 0.00
225 5.74 1.14 2.52 0.15 1.46 0.04 0.92 0.01 0.65 0.01
250 6.38 1.39 2.80 0.19 1.62 0.05 1.02 0.02 0.72 0.01
275 7.02 1.65 3.08 0.22 1.78 0.06 1.13 0.02 0.79 0.01
300 7.66 1.94 3.37 0.26 1.94 0.07 1.23 0.02 0.87 0.01
325 8.30 2.25 3.65 0.30 2.10 0.08 1.33 0.03 0.94 0.01
350 8.93 2.58 3.93 0.35 2.26 0.09 1.43 0.03 1.01 0.01
375 4.21 0.40 2.43 0.10 1.54 0.03 1.08 0.01
400 4.49 0.45 2.59 0.12 1.64 0.04 1.15 0.02
425 4.77 0.50 2.75 0.13 1.74 0.04 1.23 0.02
450 5.05 0.56 2.91 0.15 1.84 0.05 1.30 0.02
475 5.33 0.62 3.07 0.16 1.95 0.05 1.37 0.02
500 5.61 0.68 3.23 0.18 2.05 0.06 1.44 0.02
550 6.17 0.81 3.56 0.21 2.25 0.07 1.59 0.03
600 6.73 0.95 3.88 0.25 2.46 0.08 1.73 0.03
650 7.29 1.10 4.20 0.29 2.66 0.09 1.88 0.04
700 7.85 1.26 4.53 0.33 2.87 0.11 2.02 0.05
750 4.85 0.38 3.07 0.12 2.16 0.05
800 5.17 0.42 3.28 0.14 2.31 0.06
850 5.50 0.47 3.48 0.16 2.45 0.07
900 5.82 0.53 3.69 0.17 2.60 0.07
950 6.15 0.58 3.89 0.19 2.74 0.08
1000 6.47 0.64 4.10 0.21 2.89 0.09
1050 6.79 0.70 4.30 0.23 3.03 0.10
1150 7.44 0.83 4.71 0.27 3.32 0.12
1200 7.76 0.90 4.92 0.30 3.46 0.13
1250 5.12 0.32 3.61 0.14
1300 5.33 0.34 3.75 0.15
1350 5.53 0.37 3.90 0.16
1400 5.74 0.39 4.04 0.17
1500 6.15 0.45 4.33 0.19
1550 6.35 0.47 4.47 0.20
1600 6.56 0.50 4.62 0.21
1650 6.76 0.53 4.76 0.23
1700 6.97 0.56 4.91 0.24
1750 7.17 0.59 5.05 0.25
1800 5.20 0.27
1850 5.34 0.28
1900 5.48 0.29
1950 5.63 0.31
2000 5.77 0.32
2100 6.06 0.35
2200 6.35 0.39
2300 6.64 0.42
2400 6.93 0.45
2500 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 7.22 0.49
2600
2700
Use with caution.
2800
2900
3000

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 77

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
Schedule 80 PVC IPS PLASTIC PIPE
SCHEDULE 80 PVC IPS PLASTIC PIPEASTM D-1785 (1120,1220) C=150
ASTM D1785  (1120, 1220)  C=150 PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe

PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe

Nominal
Size 1/2 " 3/4 " 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3" 4" 6"
Avg. ID 0.526 0.722 0.935 1.254 1.476 1.913 2.289 2.864 3.786 5.709
Pipe OD 0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 6.625
Avg. Wall 0.157 0.164 0.190 0.203 0.212 0.231 0.293 0.318 0.357 0.458
Min. Wall 0.147 0.154 0.179 0.191 0.200 0.218 0.276 0.300 0.337 0.432
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
1 1.47 0.97 0.78 0.21 0.47 0.06 0.26 0.01 0.19 0.01
2 2.95 3.50 1.57 0.75 0.93 0.21 0.52 0.05 0.37 0.02 0.22 0.01
3 4.42 7.42 2.35 1.59 1.40 0.45 0.78 0.11 0.56 0.05 0.33 0.01
4 5.90 12.64 3.13 2.71 1.87 0.77 1.04 0.18 0.75 0.08 0.45 0.02 0.31 0.01
5 7.37 19.11 3.91 4.09 2.33 1.16 1.30 0.28 0.94 0.13 0.56 0.04 0.39 0.01
6 8.85 26.78 4.70 5.74 2.80 1.63 1.56 0.39 1.12 0.18 0.67 0.05 0.47 0.02 0.30 0.01
7 10.32 35.63 5.48 7.63 3.27 2.17 1.82 0.52 1.31 0.24 0.78 0.07 0.55 0.03 0.35 0.01
8 11.80 45.63 6.26 9.77 3.73 2.78 2.08 0.67 1.50 0.30 0.89 0.09 0.62 0.04 0.40 0.01
9 13.27 56.75 7.04 12.15 4.20 3.45 2.34 0.83 1.69 0.37 1.00 0.11 0.70 0.04 0.45 0.01
10 14.75 68.98 7.83 14.77 4.67 4.20 2.59 1.01 1.87 0.46 1.11 0.13 0.78 0.05 0.50 0.02
12 9.39 20.70 5.60 5.88 3.11 1.41 2.25 0.64 1.34 0.18 0.93 0.08 0.60 0.03
14 10.96 27.55 6.53 7.83 3.63 1.88 2.62 0.85 1.56 0.24 1.09 0.10 0.70 0.03
16 12.52 35.27 7.47 10.03 4.15 2.40 3.00 1.09 1.78 0.31 1.25 0.13 0.80 0.04 0.46 0.01
18 14.09 43.87 8.40 12.47 4.67 2.99 3.37 1.35 2.01 0.38 1.40 0.16 0.90 0.05 0.51 0.01
20 15.65 53.32 9.33 15.16 5.19 3.63 3.75 1.64 2.23 0.47 1.56 0.19 0.99 0.07 0.57 0.02
22 10.27 18.08 5.71 4.33 4.12 1.96 2.45 0.56 1.71 0.23 1.09 0.08 0.63 0.02
24 11.20 21.24 6.23 5.09 4.49 2.30 2.68 0.65 1.87 0.27 1.19 0.09 0.68 0.02
26 12.13 24.64 6.75 5.91 4.87 2.67 2.90 0.76 2.02 0.32 1.29 0.11 0.74 0.03
28 13.07 28.26 7.26 6.77 5.24 3.06 3.12 0.87 2.18 0.36 1.39 0.12 0.80 0.03
30 14.00 32.12 7.78 7.70 5.62 3.48 3.34 0.99 2.34 0.41 1.49 0.14 0.85 0.04
32 14.93 36.19 8.30 8.68 5.99 3.92 3.57 1.11 2.49 0.46 1.59 0.16 0.91 0.04 0.40 0.01
34 15.87 40.49 8.82 9.71 6.37 4.39 3.79 1.24 2.65 0.52 1.69 0.17 0.97 0.04 0.43 0.01
36 9.34 10.79 6.74 4.88 4.01 1.38 2.80 0.58 1.79 0.19 1.02 0.05 0.45 0.01
38 9.86 11.93 7.12 5.40 4.24 1.53 2.96 0.64 1.89 0.21 1.08 0.06 0.48 0.01
40 10.38 13.11 7.49 5.93 4.46 1.68 3.11 0.70 1.99 0.24 1.14 0.06 0.50 0.01
42 10.90 14.35 7.87 6.49 4.68 1.84 3.27 0.77 2.09 0.26 1.20 0.07 0.53 0.01
44 11.42 15.65 8.24 7.08 4.91 2.00 3.43 0.84 2.19 0.28 1.25 0.07 0.55 0.01
46 11.94 16.99 8.61 7.69 5.13 2.18 3.58 0.91 2.29 0.31 1.31 0.08 0.58 0.01
48 12.45 18.38 8.99 8.32 5.35 2.35 3.74 0.98 2.39 0.33 1.37 0.08 0.60 0.01
50 12.97 19.83 9.36 8.97 5.57 2.54 3.89 1.06 2.49 0.36 1.42 0.09 0.63 0.01
55 14.27 23.65 10.30 10.70 6.13 3.03 4.28 1.27 2.74 0.43 1.57 0.11 0.69 0.01
60 15.57 27.79 11.24 12.57 6.69 3.56 4.67 1.49 2.98 0.50 1.71 0.13 0.75 0.02
65 12.17 14.58 7.25 4.13 5.06 1.72 3.23 0.58 1.85 0.15 0.81 0.02
70 13.11 16.73 7.80 4.74 5.45 1.98 3.48 0.66 1.99 0.17 0.88 0.02
75 14.05 19.01 8.36 5.38 5.84 2.25 3.73 0.76 2.13 0.19 0.94 0.03
80 14.98 21.42 8.92 6.06 6.23 2.53 3.98 0.85 2.28 0.22 1.00 0.03
85 15.92 23.96 9.48 6.78 6.62 2.83 4.23 0.95 2.42 0.24 1.06 0.03
90 10.03 7.54 7.01 3.15 4.48 1.06 2.56 0.27 1.13 0.04
95 10.59 8.34 7.40 3.48 4.73 1.17 2.70 0.30 1.19 0.04
100 11.15 9.17 7.79 3.83 4.97 1.29 2.85 0.33 1.25 0.04
110 12.26 10.94 8.57 4.57 5.47 1.53 3.13 0.39 1.38 0.05
120 13.38 12.85 9.34 5.37 5.97 1.80 3.42 0.46 1.50 0.06
130 14.49 14.90 10.12 6.22 6.47 2.09 3.70 0.54 1.63 0.07
140 15.61 17.09 10.90 7.14 6.96 2.40 3.98 0.62 1.75 0.08
150 11.68 8.11 7.46 2.73 4.27 0.70 1.88 0.10
160 12.46 9.14 7.96 3.07 4.55 0.79 2.00 0.11
170 13.24 10.23 8.46 3.44 4.84 0.88 2.13 0.12
180 14.02 11.37 8.95 3.82 5.12 0.98 2.25 0.13
190 14.80 12.57 9.45 4.22 5.41 1.09 2.38 0.15
200 15.57 13.82 9.95 4.64 5.69 1.19 2.50 0.16
220 10.94 5.54 6.26 1.42 2.75 0.19
240 11.94 6.51 6.83 1.67 3.00 0.23
260 12.93 7.55 7.40 1.94 3.25 0.26
280 13.93 8.66 7.97 2.23 3.51 0.30
300
Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 14.92 9.84 8.54 2.53 3.76 0.34
320 Use with caution. 15.92 11.09 9.11 2.85 4.01 0.39
340 9.68 3.19 4.26 0.43
360 10.25 3.55 4.51 0.48
380 10.82 3.92 4.76 0.53
400 11.39 4.31 5.01 0.58
420 11.95 4.72 5.26 0.64
440 12.52 5.14 5.51 0.70
460 13.09 5.59 5.76 0.76
480 13.66 6.04 6.01 0.82
500 14.23 6.52 6.26 0.88
Working
Pressure 850 PSI 690 PSI 630 PSI 520 PSI 470 PSI 400 PSI 420 PSI 370 PSI 320 PSI 280 PSI

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 78

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PVC SCHEDULEPVC
80 Schedule
IPS PLASTIC PIPE
80 IPS Plastic Pipe
ASTM D1785 C=150
ASTM D1785  C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 4" 6" 8" 10" 12"
Avg. ID 3.786 5.709 7.565 9.493 11.294
Pipe OD 4.500 6.625 8.625 10.750 12.750
Avg. Wall 0.357 0.458 0.530 0.629 0.728
Min. Wall 0.337 0.432 0.500 0.593 0.687
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
10 0.28 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.00
20 0.57 0.02 0.25 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.06 0.00
30 0.85 0.04 0.38 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.10 0.00
40 1.14 0.06 0.50 0.01 0.29 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.13 0.00
50 1.42 0.09 0.63 0.01 0.36 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.16 0.00
60 1.71 0.13 0.75 0.02 0.43 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.19 0.00
70 1.99 0.17 0.88 0.02 0.50 0.01 0.32 0.00 0.22 0.00
80 2.28 0.22 1.00 0.03 0.57 0.01 0.36 0.00 0.26 0.00
90 2.56 0.27 1.13 0.04 0.64 0.01 0.41 0.00 0.29 0.00
100 2.85 0.33 1.25 0.04 0.71 0.01 0.45 0.00 0.32 0.00
120 3.42 0.46 1.50 0.06 0.86 0.02 0.54 0.01 0.38 0.00
140 3.98 0.62 1.75 0.08 1.00 0.02 0.63 0.01 0.45 0.00
160 4.55 0.79 2.00 0.11 1.14 0.03 0.72 0.01 0.51 0.00
180 5.12 0.98 2.25 0.13 1.28 0.03 0.81 0.01 0.58 0.00
200 5.69 1.19 2.50 0.16 1.43 0.04 0.91 0.01 0.64 0.01
225 6.40 1.49 2.82 0.20 1.60 0.05 1.02 0.02 0.72 0.01
250 7.12 1.81 3.13 0.24 1.78 0.06 1.13 0.02 0.80 0.01
275 7.83 2.15 3.44 0.29 1.96 0.07 1.25 0.02 0.88 0.01
300 8.54 2.53 3.76 0.34 2.14 0.09 1.36 0.03 0.96 0.01
325 9.25 2.94 4.07 0.40 2.32 0.10 1.47 0.03 1.04 0.01
350 9.96 3.37 4.38 0.46 2.50 0.12 1.58 0.04 1.12 0.02
375 4.69 0.52 2.67 0.13 1.70 0.04 1.20 0.02
400 5.01 0.58 2.85 0.15 1.81 0.05 1.28 0.02
425 5.32 0.65 3.03 0.17 1.92 0.06 1.36 0.02
450 5.63 0.73 3.21 0.18 2.04 0.06 1.44 0.03
475 5.95 0.80 3.39 0.20 2.15 0.07 1.52 0.03
500 6.26 0.88 3.56 0.22 2.26 0.07 1.60 0.03
550 6.88 1.05 3.92 0.27 2.49 0.09 1.76 0.04
600 7.51 1.24 4.28 0.31 2.72 0.10 1.92 0.04
650 8.14 1.44 4.63 0.36 2.94 0.12 2.08 0.05
700 8.76 1.65 4.99 0.42 3.17 0.14 2.24 0.06
750 5.35 0.48 3.40 0.16 2.40 0.07
800 5.70 0.54 3.62 0.18 2.56 0.08
850 6.06 0.60 3.85 0.20 2.72 0.09
900 6.42 0.67 4.07 0.22 2.88 0.09
950 6.77 0.74 4.30 0.24 3.04 0.10
1000 7.13 0.81 4.53 0.27 3.20 0.12
1050 7.49 0.89 4.75 0.29 3.36 0.13
1150 8.20 1.05 5.21 0.35 3.68 0.15
1200 8.56 1.14 5.43 0.38 3.84 0.16
1250 5.66 0.41 4.00 0.17
1300 5.89 0.44 4.16 0.19
1350 6.11 0.47 4.32 0.20
1400 6.34 0.50 4.48 0.22
1500 6.79 0.57 4.80 0.24
1550 7.02 0.60 4.96 0.26
1600 7.24 0.64 5.12 0.28
1650 7.47 0.68 5.28 0.29
1700 7.70 0.72 5.44 0.31
1750 7.92 0.76 5.60 0.33
1800 5.76 0.34
1850 5.92 0.36
1900 6.08 0.38
1950 6.24 0.40
2000 6.40 0.42
2100 6.72 0.46
2200 7.04 0.50
2300 7.36 0.54
2400 7.68 0.58
2500 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 8.00 0.63
2600 Use with caution.
2700
2800
2900
3000

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 79

POLYETHYLENE PIPE—PEPCO PRODUCTS
C=140
Pressure Loss Per 100 Feet Of Pipe (PSI) Sizes 1/16" Through 3/8"

Nominal 1/16" ¹/₈" ³/₁₆" ⁷/₃₂" ¼" ⁵/₁₆"* ³/₈" Nominal

Size Size

Pipe ID 0.040 0.070 0.125 0.160 0.170 0.250 0.375 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 0.080 0.125 0.185 0.220 0.250 0.307 0.455 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 0.020 0.028 0.030 0.030 0.040 0.028 0.040 Wall Thick
Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Flow
Flow GPH FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss GPH
0.25 1.06 11.99 0.35 0.79 0.11 0.05 0.07 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.25
0.50 2.13 43.28 0.69 2.84 0.22 0.17 0.13 0.05 0.12 0.04 0.05 0.01 0.50
0.75 3.19 91.71 1.04 6.02 0.33 0.36 0.20 0.11 0.18 0.08 0.08 0.01 0.75
1.00 4.25 156.20 1.39 10.26 0.44 0.61 0.27 0.18 0.24 0.14 0.11 0.02 1.00
1.25 5.31 236.20 1.73 15.51 0.54 0.92 0.33 0.28 0.29 0.21 0.14 0.03 0.06 0.00 1.25
1.50 6.38 331.10 2.08 21.74 0.65 1.29 0.40 0.39 0.35 0.29 0.16 0.04 0.07 0.01 1.50
1.75 7.44 440.40 2.43 28.92 0.76 1.72 0.46 0.52 0.41 0.39 0.19 0.06 0.08 0.01 1.75
2.00 8.50 564.00 2.78 37.04 0.87 2.20 0.53 0.66 0.47 0.49 0.22 0.08 0.10 0.01 2.00
2.50 10.63 852.70 3.47 56.00 1.09 3.33 0.66 1.00 0.59 0.75 0.27 0.11 0.12 0.02 2.50
3.00 4.16 78.49 1.31 4.67 0.80 1.41 0.71 1.05 0.33 0.16 0.15 0.02 3.00
3.5 4.86 104.40 1.52 6.22 0.93 1.87 0.82 1.39 0.38 0.21 0.17 0.03 3.5
4.0 5.55 133.70 1.74 7.96 1.06 2.39 0.94 1.78 0.44 0.27 0.19 0.04 4.0
4.5 6.24 166.30 1.96 9.90 1.20 2.98 1.06 2.22 0.49 0.34 0.22 0.05 4.5
5.0 6.94 202.10 2.18 12.03 1.33 3.62 1.18 2.69 0.54 0.41 0.24 0.06 5.0
6.0 8.33 283.30 2.61 16.86 1.59 5.07 1.41 3.78 0.65 0.58 0.29 0.08 6.0
7 9.71 377.00 3.05 22.44 1.86 6.75 1.65 5.03 0.76 0.77 0.34 0.11 7
8 11.10 482.70 3.48 28.73 2.13 8.64 1.88 6.44 0.87 0.99 0.39 0.14 8
9 12.49 600.40 3.92 35.74 2.39 10.75 2.12 8.00 0.98 1.23 0.44 0.17 9
10 13.88 729.70 4.35 43.44 2.66 13.07 2.35 9.73 1.09 1.49 0.48 0.21 10
12 5.22 60.88 3.19 18.32 2.82 13.64 1.31 2.09 0.58 0.29 12
14 6.09 81.00 3.72 24.37 3.29 18.14 1.52 2.78 0.68 0.39 14
16 6.96 103.70 4.25 31.20 3.76 23.23 1.74 3.56 0.77 0.49 16
18 7.83 129.00 4.78 38.81 4.24 28.89 1.96 4.42 0.87 0.62 18
20 8.70 156.80 5.31 47.17 4.71 35.12 2.18 5.38 0.97 0.75 20
22 Note: Flows are 9.57 187.10 5.84 56.28 5.18 41.90 2.39 6.42 1.06 0.89 22
24 GPH 10.44 219.80 6.38 66.12 5.65 49.23 2.61 7.54 1.16 1.05 24
26 11.32 254.90 6.91 76.68 6.12 57.09 2.83 8.74 1.26 1.22 26
28 12.19 292.40 7.44 87.96 6.59 65.49 3.05 10.03 1.35 1.39 28
30 13.06 332.30 7.97 99.95 7.06 74.42 3.26 11.39 1.45 1.58 30
32 13.93 374.40 8.50 112.60 7.53 83.87 3.48 12.84 1.55 1.79 32
34 14.80 418.90 9.03 126.00 8.00 93.83 3.70 14.37 1.64 2.00 34
36 15.67 465.70 9.56 140.10 8.47 104.30 3.92 15.97 1.74 2.22 36
38 16.54 514.80 10.09 154.90 8.94 115.30 4.13 17.65 1.84 2.45 38
40 17.41 566.10 10.63 170.30 9.41 126.80 4.35 19.41 1.93 2.70 40
42 18.28 619.60 11.16 186.40 9.88 138.80 4.57 21.25 2.03 2.95 42
44 19.15 675.30 11.69 203.20 10.35 151.30 4.79 23.16 2.13 3.22 44
46 12.22 220.60 10.82 164.20 5.00 25.15 2.22 3.50 46
48 12.75 238.70 11.29 177.70 5.22 27.21 2.32 3.78 48
50 13.28 257.40 11.76 191.70 5.44 29.34 2.42 4.08 50
55 14.61 307.10 12.94 228.70 5.98 35.01 2.66 4.87 55
60 15.94 360.80 14.12 268.60 6.53 41.13 2.90 5.72 60
65 17.27 418.50 15.29 311.60 7.07 47.70 3.14 6.63 65
70 18.59 480.00 16.47 357.40 7.62 54.72 3.38 7.61 70
75 19.92 545.50 17.65 406.10 8.16 62.18 3.63 8.65 75
80 18.82 457.70 8.70 70.07 3.87 9.74 80
85 9.25 78.40 4.11 10.90 85
90 9.79 87.16 4.35 12.12 90
95 10.34 96.33 4.59 13.39 95
100 10.88 105.90 4.84 14.73 100
110 11.97 126.40 5.32 17.57 110
120 13.06 148.50 5.80 20.65 120
130 14.14 172.20 6.29 23.94 130
140 15.23 197.50 6.77 27.47 140
150 16.32 224.50 7.25 31.21 150
160 17.41 253.00 7.74 35.17 160
180 19.58 314.60 8.70 43.75 180
200 9.67 53.17 200
225 10.88 66.13 225
250 12.09 80.38 250
300 14.51 112.70 300
350 16.92 149.90 350
375 18.13 170.30 375
400 19.34 192.00 400

* Note: 5/16" ID and PSI loss is the same as 11/32" ID.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 80

POLYETHYLENE PIPE—PEPCO PRODUCTS
C=140
Pressure Loss Per 100 Feet Of Pipe (PSI) Sizes ½" Through 1¼"

Nominal ½"* ½"* ½"* ⁵/₈" ¾" 1" 1¼" Nominal

Size Size

Pipe ID 0.520 0.600 0.620 0.720 0.830 1.060 1.390 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 0.620 0.700(4) 0.710 0.830 0.940 1.200 1.550 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 0.150 0.050(2) 0.045 0.055 0.055 0.070 0.080 Wall Thick
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Flow
GPM FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss GPM
0.25 0.38 0.09 0.28 0.04 0.27 0.04 0.20 0.02 0.15 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.25
0.50 0.75 0.32 0.57 0.16 0.53 0.14 0.39 0.07 0.30 0.03 0.18 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.50
0.75 1.13 0.68 0.85 0.34 0.80 0.29 0.59 0.14 0.44 0.07 0.27 0.02 0.16 0.01 0.75
1.00 1.51 1.17 1.13 0.58 1.06 0.50 0.79 0.24 0.59 0.12 0.36 0.04 0.21 0.01 1.00
1.25 1.89 1.76 1.42 0.88 1.33 0.75 0.98 0.36 0.74 0.18 0.45 0.06 0.26 0.01 1.25
1.50 2.26 2.47 1.70 1.23 1.59 1.05 1.18 0.51 0.89 0.25 0.54 0.08 0.32 0.02 1.50
1.75 2.64 3.29 1.98 1.64 1.86 1.40 1.38 0.67 1.04 0.34 0.64 0.10 0.37 0.03 1.75
2.00 3.02 4.21 2.27 2.10 2.12 1.79 1.57 0.86 1.18 0.43 0.73 0.13 0.42 0.04 2.00
2.25 3.39 5.23 2.55 2.61 2.39 2.22 1.77 1.07 1.33 0.54 0.82 0.16 0.48 0.04 2.25
2.50 3.77 6.36 2.83 3.17 2.65 2.70 1.97 1.31 1.48 0.65 0.91 0.20 0.53 0.05 2.50
2.75 4.15 7.59 3.12 3.78 2.92 3.22 2.16 1.56 1.63 0.78 1.00 0.24 0.58 0.06 2.75
3.00 4.53 8.91 3.40 4.44 3.18 3.79 2.36 1.83 1.78 0.92 1.09 0.28 0.63 0.07 3.00
3.25 4.90 10.34 3.68 5.15 3.45 4.39 2.56 2.12 1.92 1.06 1.18 0.32 0.69 0.09 3.25
3.50 5.28 11.86 3.97 5.91 3.71 5.04 2.75 2.43 2.07 1.22 1.27 0.37 0.74 0.10 3.50
3.75 5.66 13.48 4.25 6.72 3.98 5.73 2.95 2.77 2.22 1.38 1.36 0.42 0.79 0.11 3.75
4.0 6.04 15.19 4.53 7.57 4.25 6.45 3.15 3.12 2.37 1.56 1.45 0.47 0.84 0.13 4.0
4.5 6.79 18.89 5.10 9.41 4.78 8.03 3.54 3.88 2.67 1.94 1.63 0.59 0.95 0.16 4.5
5.0 7.54 22.96 5.67 11.44 5.31 9.76 3.94 4.71 2.96 2.36 1.82 0.72 1.06 0.19 5.0
5.5 8.30 27.39 6.23 13.65 5.84 11.64 4.33 5.62 3.26 2.81 2.00 0.86 1.16 0.23 5.5
6.0 9.05 32.18 6.80 16.04 6.37 13.67 4.72 6.61 3.55 3.31 2.18 1.01 1.27 0.27 6.0
6.5 9.81 37.32 7.37 18.60 6.90 15.86 5.12 7.66 3.85 3.84 2.36 1.17 1.37 0.31 6.5
7.0 10.56 42.82 7.93 21.34 7.43 18.19 5.51 8.79 4.15 4.40 2.54 1.34 1.48 0.36 7.0
7.5 11.32 48.65 8.50 24.25 7.96 20.67 5.90 9.99 4.44 5.00 2.72 1.52 1.58 0.41 7.5
8.0 12.07 54.83 9.07 27.33 8.49 23.30 6.30 11.25 4.74 5.63 2.90 1.71 1.69 0.46 8.0
8.5 12.83 61.34 9.63 30.57 9.02 26.06 6.69 12.59 5.03 6.30 3.09 1.92 1.79 0.51 8.5
9.0 13.58 68.19 10.20 33.99 9.55 28.98 7.08 14.00 5.33 7.01 3.27 2.13 1.90 0.57 9.0
9.5 14.33 75.37 10.77 37.57 10.08 32.03 7.48 15.47 5.63 7.75 3.45 2.36 2.01 0.63 9.5
10 15.09 82.88 11.33 41.31 10.61 35.22 7.87 17.01 5.92 8.52 3.63 2.59 2.11 0.69 10
11 16.60 98.89 12.47 49.29 11.68 42.02 8.66 20.30 6.51 10.16 3.99 3.09 2.32 0.83 11
12 18.11 116.20 13.60 57.90 12.74 49.36 9.44 23.85 7.11 11.94 4.36 3.63 2.53 0.97 12
13 19.62 134.70 14.73 67.16 13.80 57.25 10.23 27.66 7.70 13.85 4.72 4.21 2.75 1.13 13
14 15.87 77.04 14.86 65.67 11.02 31.72 8.29 15.88 5.08 4.83 2.96 1.29 14
15 17.00 87.54 15.92 74.63 11.81 36.05 8.88 18.05 5.45 5.49 3.17 1.47 15
16 18.13 98.65 16.98 84.10 12.59 40.63 9.48 20.34 5.81 6.19 3.38 1.65 16
18 19.11 104.60 14.17 50.53 10.66 25.30 6.54 7.69 3.80 2.06 18
20 15.74 61.42 11.84 30.75 7.26 9.35 4.22 2.50 20
22 17.31 73.27 13.03 36.68 7.99 11.16 4.65 2.98 22
24 18.89 86.08 14.21 43.10 8.71 13.11 5.07 3.51 24
26 15.40 49.99 9.44 15.20 5.49 4.07 26
28 16.58 57.34 10.17 17.44 5.91 4.66 28
30 17.77 65.15 10.89 19.82 6.34 5.30 30
32 18.95 73.43 11.62 22.33 6.76 5.97 32
34 12.35 24.99 7.18 6.68 34
36 13.07 27.78 7.60 7.43 36
38 13.80 30.70 8.02 8.21 38
40 14.52 33.76 8.45 9.03 40
42 15.25 36.95 8.87 9.88 42
44 15.98 40.28 9.29 10.77 44
46 16.70 43.74 9.71 11.70 46
48 17.43 47.32 10.14 12.66 48
50 18.16 51.04 10.56 13.65 50
55 19.97 60.89 11.61 16.29 55
60 12.67 19.13 60
65 13.73 22.19 65
70 14.78 25.45 70
75 15.84 28.92 75
80 16.89 32.60 80
85 17.95 36.47 85
90 19.01 40.54 90

* Note: Pepco manufactures nominal ½" polyethylene pipe in three different IDs.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 81

POLYETHYLENE PIPE—BOWSMITH, INC.
C=140
PRESSURE LOSS PER 100 FEET OF PIPE (PSI) SIZES ³⁄8" THROUGH 1¼"

Nominal ³/₈"* ³/₈"* ½"* ½"* ½"* ½"* ½"* Nominal

Size Size

Pipe ID 0.375 0.390 0.525 0.530 0.590 0.600 0.605 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 0.455 0.490 0.625 0.625 0.700 0.700 0.700 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 0.040 0.050 0.050 0.0475 0.055 0.050 0.0475 Wall Thick
Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
Flow GPM FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss GPM
0.25 0.73 0.44 0.67 0.36 0.37 0.09 0.36 0.08 0.29 0.05 0.28 0.04 0.28 0.04 0.25
0.50 1.45 1.58 1.34 1.31 0.74 0.31 0.73 0.29 0.59 0.17 0.57 0.16 0.56 0.15 0.50
0.75 2.18 3.36 2.01 2.77 1.11 0.65 1.09 0.62 0.88 0.37 0.85 0.34 0.84 0.33 0.75
1.00 2.90 5.72 2.68 4.73 1.48 1.11 1.45 1.06 1.17 0.63 1.13 0.58 1.11 0.56 1.00
1.25 3.63 8.65 3.35 7.14 1.85 1.68 1.82 1.61 1.47 0.95 1.42 0.88 1.39 0.84 1.25
1.50 4.35 12.12 4.02 10.01 2.22 2.36 2.18 2.25 1.76 1.34 1.70 1.23 1.67 1.18 1.50
1.75 5.08 16.12 4.69 13.32 2.59 3.14 2.54 2.99 2.05 1.78 1.98 1.64 1.95 1.57 1.75
2.00 5.80 20.65 5.36 17.06 2.96 4.02 2.90 3.83 2.34 2.28 2.27 2.10 2.23 2.01 2.00
2.5 7.25 31.21 6.71 25.79 3.70 6.07 3.63 5.80 2.93 3.44 2.83 3.17 2.79 3.04 2.5
3.0 8.70 43.75 8.05 36.15 4.44 8.51 4.36 8.13 3.52 4.82 3.40 4.44 3.34 4.27 3.0
4 11.61 74.53 10.73 61.58 5.92 14.50 5.81 13.84 4.69 8.21 4.53 7.57 4.46 7.27 4
5 14.51 112.70 13.41 93.09 7.40 21.92 7.26 20.93 5.86 12.42 5.67 11.44 5.57 10.99 5
6 17.41 157.90 16.09 130.50 8.88 30.72 8.71 29.33 7.03 17.41 6.80 16.04 6.69 15.41 6
7 18.78 173.60 10.36 40.87 10.17 39.03 8.20 23.16 7.93 21.34 7.80 20.50 7
8 11.84 52.33 11.62 49.97 9.38 29.66 9.07 27.33 8.92 26.25 8
9 13.32 65.09 13.07 62.16 10.55 36.88 10.20 33.99 10.03 32.64 9
10 14.80 79.11 14.52 75.55 11.72 44.83 11.33 41.31 11.15 39.68 10
12 17.76 110.90 17.43 105.90 14.06 62.84 13.60 57.90 13.38 55.61 12
14 16.41 83.60 15.87 77.04 15.61 73.99 14
16 18.75 107.10 18.13 98.65 17.83 94.75 16

Nominal Nominal
Size ⁵/₈"* ⁵/₈"* ¾"* ¾"* 1"* 1"* 1¼" Size

Pipe ID 0.625 0.730 0.811 0.818 1.050 1.057 1.360 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 0.720 0.835 0.935 0.935 1.195 1.195 1.530 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 0.475 0.0525 0.0625 0.059 0.0725 0.069 0.085 Wall Thick
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Flow
GPM FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss GPM
1 1.04 0.48 0.77 0.22 0.62 0.13 0.61 0.13 0.37 0.04 0.37 0.04 0.22 0.01 1
2 2.09 1.72 1.53 0.81 1.24 0.48 1.22 0.46 0.74 0.14 0.73 0.13 0.44 0.04 2
3 3.13 3.64 2.30 1.71 1.86 1.03 1.83 0.98 1.11 0.29 1.10 0.28 0.66 0.08 3
4 4.18 6.21 3.06 2.91 2.48 1.75 2.44 1.68 1.48 0.50 1.46 0.48 0.88 0.14 4
5 5.22 9.38 3.83 4.41 3.10 2.64 3.05 2.53 1.85 0.75 1.83 0.73 1.10 0.21 5
6 6.27 13.15 4.59 6.18 3.72 3.70 3.66 3.55 2.22 1.05 2.19 1.02 1.32 0.30 6
7 7.31 17.50 5.36 8.22 4.34 4.92 4.27 4.72 2.59 1.40 2.56 1.36 1.54 0.40 7
8 8.36 22.40 6.12 10.52 4.96 6.31 4.88 6.05 2.96 1.79 2.92 1.74 1.76 0.51 8
9 9.40 27.86 6.89 13.09 5.58 7.84 5.49 7.52 3.33 2.23 3.29 2.16 1.99 0.63 9
10 10.44 33.87 7.66 15.91 6.20 9.53 6.10 9.14 3.70 2.71 3.65 2.63 2.21 0.77 10
12 12.53 47.47 9.19 22.30 7.44 13.36 7.32 12.82 4.44 3.80 4.38 3.68 2.65 1.08 12
14 14.62 63.16 10.72 29.67 8.68 17.78 8.54 17.05 5.18 5.06 5.11 4.90 3.09 1.44 14
16 16.71 80.88 12.25 37.99 9.93 22.77 9.76 21.83 5.92 6.48 5.84 6.27 3.53 1.84 16
18 18.80 100.60 13.78 47.25 11.17 28.32 10.98 27.16 6.66 8.06 6.57 7.80 3.97 2.29 18
20 15.31 57.43 12.41 34.42 12.20 33.01 7.40 9.79 7.30 9.48 4.41 2.78 20
22 16.84 68.52 13.65 41.06 13.41 39.38 8.14 11.68 8.03 11.31 4.85 3.32 22
24 18.37 80.50 14.89 48.24 14.63 46.26 8.88 13.73 8.76 13.29 5.29 3.90 24
26 19.91 93.36 16.13 55.95 15.85 53.66 9.62 15.92 9.49 15.41 5.74 4.52 26
28 17.37 64.18 17.07 61.55 10.36 18.26 10.23 17.68 6.18 5.19 28
30 18.61 72.93 18.29 69.94 11.10 20.75 10.96 20.09 6.62 5.89 30
32 19.85 82.18 19.51 78.82 11.84 23.39 11.69 22.64 7.06 6.64 32
34 12.58 26.17 12.42 25.33 7.50 7.43 34
36 13.32 29.09 13.15 28.16 7.94 8.26 36
38 14.06 32.15 13.88 31.13 8.38 9.13 38
40 14.80 35.36 14.61 34.23 8.82 10.04 40
42 15.54 38.70 15.34 37.47 9.26 10.99 42
44 16.28 42.18 16.07 40.84 9.71 11.98 44
46 17.02 45.80 16.80 44.34 10.15 13.01 46
48 17.76 49.56 17.53 47.98 10.59 14.07 48
50 18.50 53.45 18.26 51.75 11.03 15.18 50
55 12.13 18.11 55
60 13.24 21.28 60
65 14.34 24.68 65
70 15.44 28.31 70
75 16.54 32.16 75
80 17.65 36.25 80
85 18.75 40.55 85
90 19.85 45.08 90

* Note: Bowsmith manufactures more than one pipe in similar nominal sizes but with different IDs.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 82

POLYETHYLENE PIPE—HARDIE & RAIN BIRD
C=140
PRESSURE LOSS PER 100 FEET OF PIPE (PSI) SIZES ½" THROUGH ¾"

Nominal ¼" ½" ¾" Vinyl Tubing Xeri-Tube ™ 700 Nominal

Size ¼" ½" Size

Pipe ID 0.170 0.613 0.810 0.160 0.580 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 0.250 0.709 0.936 0.280 0.700 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 0.040 0.048 0.063 0.060 0.060 Wall Thick
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Flow
GPH FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss GPH
1 0.24 0.14 0.27 0.18 1
2 0.47 0.49 0.53 0.66 0.07 0.00 2
3 0.71 1.05 0.80 1.41 0.11 0.01 3
4 0.94 1.78 0.07 0.00 1.06 2.39 0.14 0.02 4
5 1.18 2.69 0.09 0.01 1.33 3.62 0.18 0.03 5
6 1.41 3.78 0.11 0.01 1.59 5.07 0.21 0.04 6
8 1.88 6.44 0.14 0.01 2.13 8.64 0.28 0.06 8
10 2.35 9.73 0.18 0.02 0.10 0.00 2.66 13.07 0.35 0.10 10
12 2.82 13.64 0.22 0.03 0.12 0.01 3.19 18.32 0.42 0.13 12
14 3.29 18.14 0.25 0.04 0.15 0.01 3.72 24.37 0.49 0.18 14
15 3.53 20.61 0.27 0.04 0.16 0.01 3.98 27.69 0.53 0.20 15
20 4.71 35.12 0.36 0.07 0.21 0.02 5.31 47.17 0.70 0.34 20
30 7.06 74.42 0.54 0.14 0.31 0.04 7.97 99.95 0.61 0.19 30
40 9.41 126.80 0.72 0.25 0.41 0.06 1.40 1.24 40
50 0.90 0.37 0.52 0.10 1.76 1.87 50
60 1.09 0.52 0.62 0.13 1.21 0.69 60
70 1.27 0.70 0.73 0.18 2.46 3.50 70
80 1.45 0.89 0.83 0.23 2.81 4.48 80
90 1.63 1.11 0.93 0.29 1.82 1.45 90
100 1.81 1.35 1.04 0.35 3.51 6.77 100
110 1.99 1.61 1.14 0.41 3.86 8.07 110
120 2.17 1.89 1.24 0.49 2.43 2.42 120
130 Note: 2.35 2.19 1.35 0.56 4.57 11.00 130
140 2.53 2.51 1.45 0.65 4.92 12.62 140
150 Flows 2.71 2.86 1.55 0.74 3.03 13.74 150
160 are GPH 2.90 3.22 1.66 0.83 5.62 16.16 160
170 3.08 3.60 1.76 0.93 5.97 18.08 170
180 3.26 4.00 1.87 1.03 3.64 15.24 180
190 3.44 4.42 1.97 1.14 6.67 22.21 190
200 3.62 4.87 2.07 1.25 7.02 24.43 200
210 3.80 5.33 2.18 1.37 4.24 26.97 210
220 3.98 5.80 2.28 1.50 7.73 29.14 220
230 4.16 6.30 2.38 1.62 8.08 31.64 230
240 4.34 6.82 2.49 1.76 4.85 38.93 240

Flow Flow
GPM GPM
4.5 4.89 8.48 2.80 2.19 5.46 11.10 4.5
5.0 5.43 10.31 3.11 2.66 6.06 13.50 5.0
5.5 5.97 12.30 3.42 3.17 6.67 16.10 5.5
6.0 6.51 14.45 3.73 3.72 7.28 18.93 6.0
6.5 7.06 16.76 4.04 4.32 13.70 84.14 6.5
7.0 7.60 19.23 4.35 4.95 7.0
7.5 8.14 21.85 4.66 5.63 7.5
8.0 Note: 8.69 24.62 4.97 6.34 8.0
8.5 9.23 27.55 5.29 7.10 8.5
9.0 Flows 9.77 30.62 5.60 7.89 9.0
9.5 are GPH 10.31 33.85 5.91 8.72 9.5
10 10.86 37.22 6.22 9.59 10
11 11.94 44.40 6.84 11.44 11
12 13.03 52.17 7.46 13.44 12
13 14.12 60.50 8.08 15.59 13
14 15.20 69.41 8.71 17.89 14
15 16.29 78.87 9.33 20.32 15
16 17.37 88.88 9.95 22.90 16
17 18.46 99.44 10.57 25.62 17
18 19.54 110.50 11.19 28.49 18
19 11.82 31.49 19
20 12.44 34.62 20
22 13.68 41.31 22
24 14.92 48.53 24
26 16.17 56.28 26
28 17.41 64.56 28
30 18.66 73.36 30
32 19.90 82.68 32

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 83

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS FLEXIBLE PVC
C=150
PRESSURE LOSS PER 100 FEET (PSI) SIZES ½" THROUGH 1"

Agriculture Products – IPS Hose Agriculture Products – IRRIG Hose

Nominal ½" ¾" 1" ½" ⁵/₈" ¾" Nominal
Size Size

Pipe ID 0.546 0.740 0.960 0.500 0.625 0.750 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 0.840 1.050 1.315 0.680 0.825 0.970 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 0.147 0.154 0.179 0.090 0.100 0.110 Wall Thick

Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Flow
GPM FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss GPM
0.5 0.68 0.22 0.37 0.05 0.22 0.01 0.82 0.34 0.52 0.12 0.36 0.05 0.5
1.0 1.37 0.81 0.75 0.18 0.44 0.05 1.63 1.24 1.04 0.42 0.73 0.17 1.0
1.5 2.05 1.71 1.12 0.39 0.66 0.11 2.45 2.63 1.57 0.89 1.09 0.37 1.5
2.0 2.74 2.92 1.49 0.67 0.89 0.19 3.26 4.48 2.09 1.51 1.45 0.62 2.0
2.5 3.42 4.41 1.86 1.01 1.11 0.28 4.08 6.77 2.61 2.29 1.81 0.94 2.5
3.0 4.11 6.19 2.24 1.41 1.33 0.40 4.90 9.50 3.13 3.21 2.18 1.32 3.0
3.5 4.79 8.23 2.61 1.87 1.55 0.53 5.71 12.63 3.66 4.26 2.54 1.76 3.5
4.0 5.47 10.54 2.98 2.40 1.77 0.68 6.53 16.18 4.18 5.46 2.90 2.25 4.0
4.5 6.16 13.11 3.35 2.99 1.99 0.84 7.34 20.12 4.70 6.79 3.26 2.80 4.5
5.0 6.84 15.94 3.73 3.63 2.21 1.02 8.16 24.45 5.22 8.26 3.63 3.40 5.0
5.5 7.53 19.01 4.10 4.33 2.43 1.22 8.98 29.18 5.74 9.85 3.99 4.06 5.5
6.0 8.21 22.34 4.47 5.09 2.66 1.43 9.79 34.28 6.27 11.57 4.35 4.77 6.0
6.5 8.90 25.91 4.84 5.90 2.88 1.66 10.61 39.75 6.79 13.42 4.71 5.53 6.5
7.0 9.58 29.72 5.22 6.77 3.10 1.91 11.42 45.60 7.31 15.40 5.08 6.34 7.0
7.5 10.26 33.77 5.59 7.69 3.32 2.17 12.24 51.82 7.83 17.50 5.44 7.20 7.5
8.0 10.95 38.05 5.96 8.67 3.54 2.44 13.06 58.40 8.36 19.72 5.80 8.12 8.0
8.5 11.63 42.58 6.33 9.70 3.76 2.73 13.87 65.34 8.88 22.06 6.17 9.08 8.5
9.0 12.32 47.33 6.71 10.78 3.98 3.04 14.69 72.63 9.40 24.52 6.53 10.10 9.0
9.5 13.00 52.31 7.08 11.92 4.21 3.36 15.50 80.28 9.92 27.10 6.89 11.16 9.5
10.0 13.69 57.53 7.45 13.10 4.43 3.69 16.32 88.28 10.44 29.81 7.25 12.27 10.0
11 15.05 68.63 8.20 15.63 4.87 4.41 17.95 105.30 11.49 35.56 7.98 14.64 11
12 16.42 80.63 8.94 18.37 5.31 5.18 19.58 123.70 12.53 41.78 8.70 17.20 12
13 17.79 93.52 9.69 21.30 5.76 6.00 13.58 48.45 9.43 19.95 13
14 19.16 107.30 10.43 24.43 6.20 6.89 14.62 55.58 10.15 22.89 14
15 11.18 27.76 6.64 7.82 15.67 63.16 10.88 26.01 15
16 11.92 31.29 7.08 8.82 16.71 71.18 11.61 29.31 16
17 12.67 35.01 7.53 9.87 17.76 79.63 12.33 32.79 17
18 13.41 38.92 7.97 10.97 18.80 88.53 13.06 36.46 18
19 14.16 43.02 8.41 12.12 19.85 97.85 13.78 40.30 19
20 14.90 47.30 8.85 13.33 14.51 44.31 20
21 15.65 51.78 9.30 14.59 15.23 48.50 21
22 16.39 56.43 9.74 15.90 15.96 52.87 22
23 17.14 61.28 10.18 17.27 16.68 57.40 23
24 17.88 66.30 10.63 18.68 17.41 62.11 24
25 18.63 71.51 11.07 20.15 18.13 66.99 25
26 19.37 76.90 11.51 21.67 18.86 72.03 26
27 11.95 23.24 19.58 77.25 27
28 12.40 24.86 28
29 12.84 26.53 29
30 13.28 28.25 30
31 13.72 30.01 31
32 14.17 31.83 32
33 14.61 33.70 33
34 15.05 35.61 34
35 15.49 37.58 35
36 15.94 39.59 36
37 16.38 41.65 37
38 16.82 43.76 38
39 17.27 45.92 39
40 17.71 48.12 40
41 18.15 50.37 41
42 18.59 52.67 42
43 19.04 55.02 43
44 19.48 57.41 44
45 19.92 59.85 45

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 84

PEPCO FLEXIBLE PVC
C=150
PRESSURE LOSS PER 100 FEET (PSI) SIZES ½" THROUGH 1"

Pepco Products – IPS Heavy Hose Pepco Products – Flexible Irrigation Hose
Nominal ½" ¾" 1" 1" ½" ⁵/₈" ¾" Nominal
Size Size

Pipe ID 0.546 0.740 0.960 1.000 0.500 0.625 0.750 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 0.840 1.050 1.315 1.315 0.680 0.825 0.970 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 0.147 0.154 0.179 0.158 0.090 0.100 0.110 Wall Thick
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Flow
GPM FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss GPM
0.5 0.68 0.22 0.37 0.05 0.22 0.01 0.20 0.01 0.82 0.34 0.52 0.12 0.36 0.05 0.5
1.0 1.37 0.81 0.75 0.18 0.44 0.05 0.41 0.04 1.63 1.24 1.04 0.42 0.73 0.17 1.0
1.5 2.05 1.71 1.12 0.39 0.66 0.11 0.61 0.09 2.45 2.63 1.57 0.89 1.09 0.37 1.5
2.0 2.74 2.92 1.49 0.67 0.89 0.19 0.82 0.15 3.26 4.48 2.09 1.51 1.45 0.62 2.0
2.5 3.42 4.41 1.86 1.01 1.11 0.28 1.02 0.23 4.08 6.77 2.61 2.29 1.81 0.94 2.5
3.0 4.11 6.19 2.24 1.41 1.33 0.40 1.22 0.33 4.90 9.50 3.13 3.21 2.18 1.32 3.0
3.5 4.79 8.23 2.61 1.87 1.55 0.53 1.43 0.43 5.71 12.63 3.66 4.26 2.54 1.76 3.5
4.0 5.47 10.54 2.98 2.40 1.77 0.68 1.63 0.55 6.53 16.18 4.18 5.46 2.90 2.25 4.0
4.5 6.16 13.11 3.35 2.99 1.99 0.84 1.84 0.69 7.34 20.12 4.70 6.79 3.26 2.80 4.5
5.0 6.84 15.94 3.73 3.63 2.21 1.02 2.04 0.84 8.16 24.45 5.22 8.26 3.63 3.40 5.0
5.5 7.53 19.01 4.10 4.33 2.43 1.22 2.24 1.00 8.98 29.18 5.74 9.85 3.99 4.06 5.5
6.0 8.21 22.34 4.47 5.09 2.66 1.43 2.45 1.18 9.79 34.28 6.27 11.57 4.35 4.77 6.0
6.5 8.90 25.91 4.84 5.90 2.88 1.66 2.65 1.36 10.61 39.75 6.79 13.42 4.71 5.53 6.5
7.0 9.58 29.72 5.22 6.77 3.10 1.91 2.86 1.56 11.42 45.60 7.31 15.40 5.08 6.34 7.0
7.5 10.26 33.77 5.59 7.69 3.32 2.17 3.06 1.78 12.24 51.82 7.83 17.50 5.44 7.20 7.5
8.0 10.95 38.05 5.96 8.67 3.54 2.44 3.26 2.00 13.06 58.40 8.36 19.72 5.80 8.12 8.0
8.5 11.63 42.58 6.33 9.70 3.76 2.73 3.47 2.24 13.87 65.34 8.88 22.06 6.17 9.08 8.5
9.0 12.32 47.33 6.71 10.78 3.98 3.04 3.67 2.49 14.69 72.63 9.40 24.52 6.53 10.10 9.0
9.5 13.00 52.31 7.08 11.92 4.21 3.36 3.88 2.75 15.50 80.28 9.92 27.10 6.89 11.16 9.5
10.0 13.69 57.53 7.45 13.10 4.43 3.69 4.08 3.03 16.32 88.28 10.44 29.81 7.25 12.27 10.0
11 15.05 68.63 8.20 15.63 4.87 4.41 4.49 3.61 17.95 105.30 11.49 35.56 7.98 14.64 11
12 16.42 80.63 8.94 18.37 5.31 5.18 4.90 4.24 19.58 123.70 12.53 41.78 8.70 17.20 12
13 17.79 93.52 9.69 21.30 5.76 6.00 5.30 4.92 13.58 48.45 9.43 19.95 13
14 19.16 107.30 10.43 24.43 6.20 6.89 5.71 5.65 14.62 55.58 10.15 22.89 14
15 11.18 27.76 6.64 7.82 6.12 6.41 15.67 63.16 10.88 26.01 15
16 11.92 31.29 7.08 8.82 6.53 7.23 16.71 71.18 11.61 29.31 16
17 12.67 35.01 7.53 9.87 6.94 8.09 17.76 79.63 12.33 32.79 17
18 13.41 38.92 7.97 10.97 7.34 8.99 18.80 88.53 13.06 36.46 18
19 14.16 43.02 8.41 12.12 7.75 9.94 19.85 97.85 13.78 40.30 19
20 14.90 47.30 8.85 13.33 8.16 10.93 14.51 44.31 20
21 15.65 51.78 9.30 14.59 8.57 11.96 15.23 48.50 21
22 16.39 56.43 9.74 15.90 8.98 13.04 15.96 52.87 22
23 17.14 61.28 10.18 17.27 9.38 14.16 16.68 57.40 23
24 17.88 66.30 10.63 18.68 9.79 15.32 17.41 62.11 24
25 18.63 71.51 11.07 20.15 10.20 16.52 18.13 66.99 25
26 19.37 76.90 11.51 21.67 10.61 17.77 18.86 72.03 26
27 11.95 23.24 11.02 19.05 19.58 77.25 27
28 12.40 24.86 11.42 20.38 28
29 12.84 26.53 11.83 21.75 29
30 13.28 28.25 12.24 23.16 30
31 13.72 30.01 12.65 24.61 31
32 14.17 31.83 13.06 26.10 32
33 14.61 33.70 13.46 27.63 33
34 15.05 35.61 13.87 29.20 34
35 15.49 37.58 14.28 30.81 35
36 15.94 39.59 14.69 32.46 36
37 16.38 41.65 15.10 34.15 37
38 16.82 43.76 15.50 35.88 38
39 17.27 45.92 15.91 37.65 39
40 17.71 48.12 16.32 39.45 40
41 18.15 50.37 16.73 41.30 41
42 18.59 52.67 17.14 43.18 42
43 19.04 55.02 17.54 45.11 43
44 19.48 57.41 17.95 47.07 44
45 19.92 59.85 18.36 49.07 45
46 18.77 51.11 46
47 19.18 53.18 47
48 19.58 55.30 48
49 19.99 57.45 49

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 85

SALCO FLEXIBLE PVC
C=150
PRESSURE LOSS PER 100 FEET OF PIPE (PSI) SIZES ½" THROUGH 1"

Salco – A/R Flex Hose – PVC

Nominal ½" ¾" 1" Nominal
Size Size

Pipe ID 0.500 0.750 1.000 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 0.600 0.150 0.135 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 0.090 0.150 0.158 Wall Thick

Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Flow

GPM FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss GPM
0.5 0.82 0.34 0.36 0.05 0.20 0.01 0.5
1.0 1.63 1.24 0.73 0.17 0.41 0.04 1.0
1.5 2.45 2.63 1.09 0.37 0.61 0.09 1.5
2.0 3.26 4.48 1.45 0.62 0.82 0.15 2.0
2.5 4.08 6.77 1.81 0.94 1.02 0.23 2.5
3.0 4.90 9.50 2.18 1.32 1.22 0.33 3.0
3.5 5.71 12.63 2.54 1.76 1.43 0.43 3.5
4.0 6.53 16.18 2.90 2.25 1.63 0.55 4.0
4.5 7.34 20.12 3.26 2.80 1.84 0.69 4.5
5.0 8.16 24.45 3.63 3.40 2.04 0.84 5.0
5.5 8.98 29.18 3.99 4.06 2.24 1.00 5.5
6.0 9.79 34.28 4.35 4.77 2.45 1.18 6.0
6.5 10.61 39.75 4.71 5.53 2.65 1.36 6.5
7.0 11.42 45.60 5.08 6.34 2.86 1.56 7.0
7.5 12.24 51.82 5.44 7.20 3.06 1.78 7.5
8.0 13.06 58.40 5.80 8.12 3.26 2.00 8.0
8.5 13.87 65.34 6.17 9.08 3.47 2.24 8.5
9.0 14.69 72.63 6.53 10.10 3.67 2.49 9.0
9.5 15.50 80.28 6.89 11.16 3.88 2.75 9.5
10.0 16.32 88.28 7.25 12.27 4.08 3.03 10.0
11 17.95 105.30 7.98 14.64 4.49 3.61 11
12 19.58 123.70 8.70 17.20 4.90 4.24 12
13 9.43 19.95 5.30 4.92 13
14 10.15 22.89 5.71 5.65 14
15 10.88 26.01 6.12 6.41 15
16 11.61 29.31 6.53 7.23 16
17 12.33 32.79 6.94 8.09 17
18 13.06 36.46 7.34 8.99 18
19 13.78 40.30 7.75 9.94 19
20 14.51 44.31 8.16 10.93 20
21 15.23 48.50 8.57 11.96 21
22 15.96 52.87 8.98 13.04 22
23 16.68 57.40 9.38 14.16 23
24 17.41 62.11 9.79 15.32 24
25 18.13 66.99 10.20 16.52 25
26 18.86 72.03 10.61 17.77 26
27 19.58 77.25 11.02 19.05 27
28 11.42 20.38 28
29 11.83 21.75 29
30 12.24 23.16 30
31 12.65 24.61 31
32 13.06 26.10 32
33 Shaded area represents 13.46 27.63 33
34 velocities over 5 fps. Use with 13.87 29.20 34
35 14.28 30.81 35
36 caution where water hammer is 14.69 32.46 36
37 15.10 34.15 37
38 a concern. 15.50 35.88 38
39 15.91 37.65 39
40 16.32 39.45 40
41 16.73 41.30 41
42 17.14 43.18 42
43 17.54 45.11 43
44 17.95 47.07 44
45 18.36 49.07 45
46 18.77 51.11 46
47 19.18 53.18 47
48 19.58 55.30 48
49 19.99 57.45 49

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 86

POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE ID CONTROLLED
Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PE 3408  ASTM D2239  C=140 Polyethylene Plastic Pipe ID Controlled
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe PE 3408 ASTM D 2239 C=140
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe

Nominal
Size 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3" 4"

Avg. ID 0.622 0.824 1.049 1.380 1.610 2.067 2.469 3.068 4.026

Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
1 1.05 0.49 0.60 0.12 0.37 0.04 0.21 0.01 0.16 0.00
2 2.11 1.76 1.20 0.45 0.74 0.14 0.43 0.04 0.31 0.02 0.19 0.01
3 3.16 3.73 1.80 0.95 1.11 0.29 0.64 0.08 0.47 0.04 0.29 0.01
4 4.22 6.35 2.40 1.62 1.48 0.50 0.86 0.13 0.63 0.06 0.38 0.02 0.27 0.01
5 5.27 9.60 3.00 2.44 1.85 0.76 1.07 0.20 0.79 0.09 0.48 0.03 0.33 0.01
6 6.33 13.46 3.61 3.43 2.22 1.06 1.29 0.28 0.94 0.13 0.57 0.04 0.40 0.02 0.26 0.01
7 7.38 17.91 4.21 4.56 2.60 1.41 1.50 0.37 1.10 0.18 0.67 0.05 0.47 0.02 0.30 0.01
8 8.44 22.93 4.81 5.84 2.97 1.80 1.71 0.47 1.26 0.22 0.76 0.07 0.54 0.03 0.35 0.01
9 9.49 28.52 5.41 7.26 3.34 2.24 1.93 0.59 1.42 0.28 0.86 0.08 0.60 0.03 0.39 0.01
10 10.55 34.67 6.01 8.82 3.71 2.73 2.14 0.72 1.57 0.34 0.95 0.10 0.67 0.04 0.43 0.01
12 7.21 12.37 4.45 3.82 2.57 1.01 1.89 0.48 1.15 0.14 0.80 0.06 0.52 0.02
14 8.41 16.45 5.19 5.08 3.00 1.34 2.20 0.63 1.34 0.19 0.94 0.08 0.61 0.03
16 9.61 21.07 5.93 6.51 3.43 1.71 2.52 0.81 1.53 0.24 1.07 0.10 0.69 0.04 0.40 0.01
18 10.82 26.21 6.67 8.10 3.86 2.13 2.83 1.01 1.72 0.30 1.20 0.13 0.78 0.04 0.45 0.01
20 12.02 31.85 7.42 9.84 4.28 2.59 3.15 1.22 1.91 0.36 1.34 0.15 0.87 0.05 0.50 0.01
22 8.16 11.74 4.71 3.09 3.46 1.46 2.10 0.43 1.47 0.18 0.95 0.06 0.55 0.02
24 8.90 13.79 5.14 3.63 3.78 1.72 2.29 0.51 1.61 0.21 1.04 0.07 0.60 0.02
26 9.64 16.00 5.57 4.21 4.09 1.99 2.48 0.59 1.74 0.25 1.13 0.09 0.65 0.02
28 10.38 18.35 6.00 4.83 4.41 2.28 2.67 0.68 1.87 0.28 1.21 0.10 0.70 0.03
30 11.12 20.85 6.43 5.49 4.72 2.59 2.86 0.77 2.01 0.32 1.30 0.11 0.76 0.03
32 11.86 23.50 6.86 6.19 5.04 2.92 3.06 0.87 2.14 0.36 1.39 0.13 0.81 0.03
34 12.61 26.29 7.28 6.92 5.35 3.27 3.25 0.97 2.28 0.41 1.47 0.14 0.86 0.04
36 7.71 7.69 5.67 3.63 3.44 1.08 2.41 0.45 1.56 0.16 0.91 0.04
38 8.14 8.50 5.98 4.02 3.63 1.19 2.54 0.50 1.65 0.17 0.96 0.05
40 8.57 9.35 6.30 4.42 3.82 1.31 2.68 0.55 1.73 0.19 1.01 0.05
42 9.00 10.24 6.61 4.83 4.01 1.43 2.81 0.60 1.82 0.21 1.06 0.06
44 9.43 11.16 6.93 5.27 4.20 1.56 2.94 0.66 1.91 0.23 1.11 0.06
46 9.86 12.12 7.24 5.72 4.39 1.70 3.08 0.71 1.99 0.25 1.16 0.07
48 10.28 13.11 7.56 6.19 4.58 1.84 3.21 0.77 2.08 0.27 1.21 0.07
50 10.71 14.14 7.87 6.68 4.77 1.98 3.35 0.83 2.17 0.29 1.26 0.08
55 11.78 16.87 8.66 7.97 5.25 2.36 3.68 0.99 2.38 0.35 1.38 0.09
60 12.85 19.82 9.44 9.36 5.73 2.77 4.02 1.17 2.60 0.41 1.51 0.11
65 10.23 10.86 6.21 3.22 4.35 1.36 2.82 0.47 1.64 0.13
70 11.02 12.45 6.68 3.69 4.69 1.55 3.03 0.54 1.76 0.14
75 11.81 14.15 7.16 4.19 5.02 1.77 3.25 0.61 1.89 0.16
80 12.59 15.95 7.64 4.73 5.35 1.99 3.47 0.69 2.01 0.18
85 13.38 17.84 8.12 5.29 5.69 2.23 3.68 0.77 2.14 0.21
90 8.59 5.88 6.02 2.48 3.90 0.86 2.27 0.23
95 9.07 6.50 6.36 2.74 4.12 0.95 2.39 0.25
100 9.55 7.15 6.69 3.01 4.33 1.05 2.52 0.28
110 10.50 8.53 7.36 3.59 4.77 1.25 2.77 0.33
120 11.46 10.02 8.03 4.22 5.20 1.47 3.02 0.39
130 12.41 11.62 8.70 4.89 5.63 1.70 3.27 0.45
140 13.37 13.33 9.37 5.61 6.07 1.95 3.52 0.52
150 10.04 6.38 6.50 2.22 3.78 0.59
160 10.71 7.19 6.94 2.50 4.03 0.67
170 11.38 8.04 7.37 2.79 4.28 0.74
180 12.05 8.94 7.80 3.11 4.53 0.83
190 12.72 9.88 8.24 3.43 4.78 0.92
200 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 13.39 10.87 8.67 3.78 5.03 1.01
220 Use with caution. 9.54 4.50 5.54 1.20
240 10.40 5.29 6.04 1.41
260 11.27 6.14 6.54 1.64
280 12.14 7.04 7.05 1.88
300 13.00 8.00 7.55 2.13
320 13.87 9.02 8.05 2.40
340 8.56 2.69
360 9.06 2.99
380 9.57 3.30
400 10.07 3.63
420 10.57 3.98
440 11.08 4.33
460 11.58 4.71
480 12.08 5.09
500 12.59 5.49

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 87

HDPE DR 7 265 PSI (IPS SIZE, OD CONTROLLED)
ANSI/ASAE S376.2 PE3408 ASTM D2239 C=150
Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe HDPE DR 7 265 PSI (IPS size, OD controlled)
ANSI/ASAE S376.2 PE3408, ASTM D2239 C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe

Nominal
Size 3" 4" 6" 8" 10" 12" 14" 16" 18"
Avg. ID 2.440 3.136 4.589 6.013 7.494 8.890 9.760 11.156 12.550
Pipe O.D. 3.500 4.500 6.625 8.625 10.750 12.750 14.000 16.000 18.000
Avg. Wall 0.530 0.682 1.018 1.306 1.628 1.930 2.120 2.422 2.725
Min Wall 0.500 0.643 0.946 1.232 1.536 1.821 2.000 2.286 2.571
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
50 3.43 0.78 2.07 0.23 0.97 0.04 0.56 0.01 0.36 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.13 0.00
60 4.11 1.09 2.49 0.32 1.16 0.05 0.68 0.01 0.44 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.16 0.00
70 4.80 1.45 2.90 0.43 1.36 0.07 0.79 0.02 0.51 0.01 0.36 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.18 0.00
80 5.48 1.86 3.32 0.55 1.55 0.09 0.90 0.02 0.58 0.01 0.41 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.21 0.00
90 6.17 2.31 3.73 0.68 1.74 0.11 1.02 0.03 0.65 0.01 0.46 0.00 0.39 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.23 0.00
100 6.85 2.81 4.15 0.83 1.94 0.13 1.13 0.03 0.73 0.01 0.52 0.01 0.43 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.26 0.00
120 8.22 3.93 4.98 1.16 2.32 0.18 1.35 0.05 0.87 0.02 0.62 0.01 0.51 0.00 0.39 0.00 0.31 0.00
140 9.59 5.23 5.81 1.54 2.71 0.24 1.58 0.06 1.02 0.02 0.72 0.01 0.60 0.01 0.46 0.00 0.36 0.00
160 10.96 6.70 6.64 1.98 3.10 0.31 1.81 0.08 1.16 0.03 0.83 0.01 0.69 0.01 0.52 0.00 0.41 0.00
180 7.47 2.46 3.49 0.39 2.03 0.10 1.31 0.04 0.93 0.02 0.77 0.01 0.59 0.01 0.47 0.00
200 8.30 2.99 3.87 0.47 2.26 0.13 1.45 0.04 1.03 0.02 0.86 0.01 0.66 0.01 0.52 0.00
220 9.13 3.56 4.26 0.56 2.48 0.15 1.60 0.05 1.14 0.02 0.94 0.01 0.72 0.01 0.57 0.00
240 9.96 4.19 4.65 0.66 2.71 0.18 1.74 0.06 1.24 0.03 1.03 0.02 0.79 0.01 0.62 0.00
260 10.79 4.86 5.04 0.76 2.93 0.20 1.89 0.07 1.34 0.03 1.11 0.02 0.85 0.01 0.67 0.01
280 11.62 5.57 5.42 0.87 3.16 0.23 2.03 0.08 1.45 0.03 1.20 0.02 0.92 0.01 0.73 0.01
300 5.81 0.99 3.39 0.27 2.18 0.09 1.55 0.04 1.28 0.03 0.98 0.01 0.78 0.01
320 6.20 1.12 3.61 0.30 2.32 0.10 1.65 0.04 1.37 0.03 1.05 0.01 0.83 0.01
340 6.59 1.25 3.84 0.34 2.47 0.12 1.76 0.05 1.46 0.03 1.11 0.02 0.88 0.01
360 6.97 1.39 4.06 0.37 2.62 0.13 1.86 0.06 1.54 0.04 1.18 0.02 0.93 0.01
380 7.36 1.54 4.29 0.41 2.76 0.14 1.96 0.06 1.63 0.04 1.25 0.02 0.98 0.01
400 7.75 1.69 4.51 0.45 2.91 0.16 2.06 0.07 1.71 0.04 1.31 0.02 1.04 0.01
450 8.72 2.10 5.08 0.56 3.27 0.19 2.32 0.08 1.93 0.05 1.48 0.03 1.17 0.02
500 9.69 2.56 5.64 0.69 3.63 0.24 2.58 0.10 2.14 0.06 1.64 0.03 1.30 0.02
550 10.66 3.05 6.21 0.82 4.00 0.28 2.84 0.12 2.36 0.08 1.80 0.04 1.42 0.02
600 11.62 3.58 6.77 0.96 4.36 0.33 3.10 0.14 2.57 0.09 1.97 0.05 1.55 0.03
650 7.33 1.12 4.72 0.38 3.36 0.17 2.78 0.11 2.13 0.06 1.68 0.03
700 7.90 1.28 5.09 0.44 3.61 0.19 3.00 0.12 2.29 0.06 1.81 0.04
750 8.46 1.45 5.45 0.50 3.87 0.22 3.21 0.14 2.46 0.07 1.94 0.04
800 9.03 1.64 5.81 0.56 4.13 0.24 3.43 0.16 2.62 0.08 2.07 0.05
850 9.59 1.83 6.18 0.63 4.39 0.27 3.64 0.17 2.79 0.09 2.20 0.05
900 10.16 2.04 6.54 0.70 4.65 0.30 3.85 0.19 2.95 0.10 2.33 0.06
950 10.72 2.25 6.90 0.77 4.90 0.34 4.07 0.21 3.11 0.11 2.46 0.06
1000 11.28 2.48 7.26 0.85 5.16 0.37 4.28 0.23 3.28 0.12 2.59 0.07
1050 11.85 2.71 7.63 0.93 5.42 0.40 4.50 0.26 3.44 0.13 2.72 0.08
1100 7.99 1.01 5.68 0.44 4.71 0.28 3.61 0.15 2.85 0.08
1150 8.35 1.10 5.94 0.48 4.93 0.30 3.77 0.16 2.98 0.09
1200 8.72 1.19 6.19 0.52 5.14 0.33 3.93 0.17 3.11 0.10
1250 9.08 1.28 6.45 0.56 5.35 0.35 4.10 0.19 3.24 0.10
1300 9.44 1.38 6.71 0.60 5.57 0.38 4.26 0.20 3.37 0.11
1350 9.81 1.48 6.97 0.64 5.78 0.41 4.43 0.21 3.50 0.12
1400 10.17 1.58 7.23 0.69 6.00 0.44 4.59 0.23 3.63 0.13
1450 10.53 1.69 7.49 0.74 6.21 0.47 4.75 0.24 3.76 0.14
1500 10.90 1.80 7.74 0.78 6.42 0.50 4.92 0.26 3.89 0.15
1550 11.26 1.91 8.00 0.83 6.64 0.53 5.08 0.28 4.02 0.16
1600 11.62 2.03 8.26 0.88 6.85 0.56 5.25 0.29 4.14 0.16
1650 8.52 0.93 7.07 0.59 5.41 0.31 4.27 0.17
1700 8.78 0.99 7.28 0.63 5.57 0.33 4.40 0.18
1750 9.03 1.04 7.50 0.66 5.74 0.35 4.53 0.19
1800 9.29 1.10 7.71 0.70 5.90 0.36 4.66 0.21
1900 9.81 1.21 8.14 0.77 6.23 0.40 4.92 0.23
2000 10.32 1.33 8.57 0.85 6.56 0.44 5.18 0.25
2100 10.84 1.46 8.99 0.93 6.88 0.48 5.44 0.27
2200 11.36 1.59 9.42 1.01 7.21 0.53 5.70 0.30
2300 11.87 1.73 9.85 1.10 7.54 0.57 5.96 0.32
2400
Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 10.28 1.19 7.87 0.62 6.22 0.35
2500 Use with caution. 10.71 1.28 8.20 0.67 6.48 0.38
2600 11.14 1.38 8.52 0.72 6.74 0.41
2700 11.56 1.48 8.85 0.77 6.99 0.43
2800 11.99 1.58 9.18 0.82 7.25 0.46
2900 9.51 0.88 7.51 0.50
3000 9.83 0.94 7.77 0.53
3300 10.82 1.12 8.55 0.63
3600 11.80 1.31 9.33 0.74
3900 10.10 0.86
4000 10.36 0.90

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 88

HPDE DR 9 200 PSI (IPS SIZE, OD CONTROLLED)
ANSI/ASAE S376.2 PE3408 ASTM D2239 C=150
Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe HDPE DR 9 200 PSI (IPS size, OD controlled)
ANSI/ASAE S376.2 PE3408, ASTM D2239 C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe

Nominal
Size 3" 4" 6" 8" 10" 12" 14" 16" 18"
Avg. ID 2.674 3.440 5.065 6.593 8.218 9.746 10.700 12.230 13.760
Pipe O.D. 3.500 4.500 6.625 8.625 10.750 12.750 14.000 16.000 18.000
Avg. Wall 0.413 0.530 0.780 1.016 1.266 1.502 1.650 1.885 2.120
Min Wall 0.389 0.500 0.736 0.958 1.194 1.417 1.556 1.778 2.000
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
50 2.85 0.50 1.72 0.15 0.80 0.02
60 3.42 0.70 2.07 0.20 0.95 0.03
70 3.99 0.93 2.41 0.27 1.11 0.04
80 4.56 1.19 2.76 0.35 1.27 0.05
90 5.14 1.48 3.10 0.43 1.43 0.07
100 5.71 1.80 3.45 0.53 1.59 0.08 0.94 0.02
120 6.85 2.52 4.14 0.74 1.91 0.11 1.13 0.03
140 7.99 3.35 4.83 0.98 2.23 0.15 1.31 0.04
160 9.13 4.29 5.52 1.26 2.54 0.19 1.50 0.05 0.97 0.02
180 6.21 1.57 2.86 0.24 1.69 0.07 1.09 0.02
200 6.90 1.90 3.18 0.29 1.88 0.08 1.21 0.03
220 7.59 2.27 3.50 0.35 2.06 0.10 1.33 0.03
240 8.27 2.67 3.82 0.41 2.25 0.11 1.45 0.04 1.03 0.02
260 8.96 3.10 4.13 0.47 2.44 0.13 1.57 0.04 1.12 0.02
280 9.65 3.55 4.45 0.54 2.63 0.15 1.69 0.05 1.20 0.02
300 4.77 0.61 2.82 0.17 1.81 0.06 1.29 0.03 1.07 0.02
320 5.09 0.69 3.00 0.19 1.93 0.07 1.37 0.03 1.14 0.02
340 5.41 0.77 3.19 0.21 2.05 0.07 1.46 0.03 1.21 0.02
360 5.73 0.86 3.38 0.24 2.17 0.08 1.55 0.04 1.28 0.02
380 6.04 0.95 3.57 0.26 2.30 0.09 1.63 0.04 1.35 0.02
400 6.36 1.05 3.75 0.29 2.42 0.10 1.72 0.04 1.43 0.03
450 7.16 1.30 4.22 0.36 2.72 0.12 1.93 0.05 1.60 0.03 1.23 0.02
500 7.95 1.58 4.69 0.44 3.02 0.15 2.15 0.07 1.78 0.04 1.36 0.02
550 8.75 1.89 5.16 0.52 3.32 0.18 2.36 0.08 1.96 0.05 1.50 0.03
600 9.54 2.22 5.63 0.61 3.62 0.21 2.58 0.09 2.14 0.06 1.64 0.03 1.29 0.02
650 6.10 0.71 3.93 0.24 2.79 0.11 2.32 0.07 1.77 0.04 1.40 0.02
700 6.57 0.82 4.23 0.28 3.01 0.12 2.49 0.08 1.91 0.04 1.51 0.02
750 7.04 0.93 4.53 0.32 3.22 0.14 2.67 0.09 2.05 0.05 1.62 0.03
800 7.51 1.05 4.83 0.36 3.44 0.16 2.85 0.10 2.18 0.05 1.72 0.03
850 7.98 1.17 5.14 0.40 3.65 0.17 3.03 0.11 2.32 0.06 1.83 0.03
900 8.45 1.30 5.44 0.45 3.87 0.19 3.21 0.12 2.45 0.06 1.94 0.04
950 8.92 1.44 5.74 0.49 4.08 0.21 3.39 0.14 2.59 0.07 2.05 0.04
1000 9.39 1.58 6.04 0.54 4.30 0.24 3.56 0.15 2.73 0.08 2.15 0.04
1050 9.86 1.73 6.34 0.59 4.51 0.26 3.74 0.16 2.86 0.09 2.26 0.05
1100 6.65 0.65 4.72 0.28 3.92 0.18 3.00 0.09 2.37 0.05
1150 6.95 0.70 4.94 0.31 4.10 0.19 3.14 0.10 2.48 0.06
1200 7.25 0.76 5.15 0.33 4.28 0.21 3.27 0.11 2.59 0.06
1250 7.55 0.82 5.37 0.36 4.45 0.23 3.41 0.12 2.69 0.07
1300 7.85 0.88 5.58 0.38 4.63 0.24 3.55 0.13 2.80 0.07
1350 8.16 0.94 5.80 0.41 4.81 0.26 3.68 0.14 2.91 0.08
1400 8.46 1.01 6.01 0.44 4.99 0.28 3.82 0.15 3.02 0.08
1450 8.76 1.08 6.23 0.47 5.17 0.30 3.96 0.16 3.12 0.09
1500 9.06 1.15 6.44 0.50 5.35 0.32 4.09 0.17 3.23 0.09
1550 9.36 1.22 6.66 0.53 5.52 0.34 4.23 0.18 3.34 0.10
1600 9.67 1.29 6.87 0.56 5.70 0.36 4.36 0.19 3.45 0.11
1650 9.97 1.37 7.09 0.60 5.88 0.38 4.50 0.20 3.56 0.11
1700 7.30 0.63 6.06 0.40 4.64 0.21 3.66 0.12
1750 7.52 0.67 6.24 0.42 4.77 0.22 3.77 0.12
1800 7.73 0.70 6.41 0.45 4.91 0.23 3.88 0.13
1900 8.16 0.78 6.77 0.49 5.18 0.26 4.09 0.14
2000 8.59 0.85 7.13 0.54 5.46 0.28 4.31 0.16
2100 9.02 0.93 7.48 0.59 5.73 0.31 4.53 0.17
2200 9.45 1.02 7.84 0.65 6.00 0.34 4.74 0.19
2300 9.88 1.10 8.20 0.70 6.27 0.37 4.96 0.21
2400 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 8.55 0.76 6.55 0.40 5.17 0.22
2500 Use with caution. 8.91 0.82 6.82 0.43 5.39 0.24
2600 9.27 0.88 7.09 0.46 5.60 0.26
2700 9.62 0.94 7.36 0.49 5.82 0.28
2800 9.98 1.01 7.64 0.53 6.03 0.30
2900 7.91 0.56 6.25 0.32
3000 8.18 0.60 6.46 0.34
3300 9.00 0.71 7.11 0.40
3600 9.82 0.84 7.76 0.47
3900 8.40 0.55
4000 8.62 0.57

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 89

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
HDPESIZE,
HDPE  DR 11  160 PSI (IPS DR 11OD
160CONTROLLED)
PSI (IPS size, OD controlled)
ANSI/ASAE S376.2 PE3408, ASTM D2239 C=150
ANSI/ASAE S376.2  PE3408, ASTM D2239  C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 3" 4" 6" 8" 10" 12" 14" 16" 18"
Avg. ID 2.826 3.632 5.349 6.963 8.678 10.292 11.300 12.914 14.532
Pipe O.D. 3.500 4.500 6.625 8.625 10.750 12.750 14.000 16.000 18.000
Avg. Wall 0.337 0.434 0.638 0.831 1.036 1.229 1.350 1.543 1.734
Min Wall 0.318 0.409 0.602 0.784 0.977 1.159 1.273 1.455 1.636
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
50 2.55 0.38 1.55 0.11 0.71 0.02
60 3.07 0.53 1.86 0.16 0.86 0.02
70 3.58 0.71 2.17 0.21 1.00 0.03
80 4.09 0.91 2.47 0.27 1.14 0.04
90 4.60 1.13 2.78 0.33 1.28 0.05
100 5.11 1.37 3.09 0.40 1.43 0.06 0.84 0.02
120 6.13 1.92 3.71 0.57 1.71 0.09 1.01 0.02
140 7.15 2.56 4.33 0.76 2.00 0.11 1.18 0.03
160 8.17 3.28 4.95 0.97 2.28 0.15 1.35 0.04
180 9.20 4.08 5.57 1.20 2.57 0.18 1.51 0.05
200 10.22 4.96 6.19 1.46 2.85 0.22 1.68 0.06 1.08 0.02 0.77 0.01
220 11.24 5.91 6.80 1.74 3.14 0.27 1.85 0.07 1.19 0.03 0.85 0.01
240 12.26 6.95 7.42 2.05 3.42 0.31 2.02 0.09 1.30 0.03 0.92 0.01
260 8.04 2.38 3.71 0.36 2.19 0.10 1.41 0.03 1.00 0.01
280 8.66 2.73 3.99 0.41 2.36 0.11 1.52 0.04 1.08 0.02
300 9.28 3.10 4.28 0.47 2.52 0.13 1.63 0.04 1.16 0.02
320 9.90 3.49 4.56 0.53 2.69 0.15 1.73 0.05 1.23 0.02
340 10.52 3.91 4.85 0.59 2.86 0.16 1.84 0.06 1.31 0.02 1.09 0.02
360 11.13 4.34 5.13 0.66 3.03 0.18 1.95 0.06 1.39 0.03 1.15 0.02
380 5.42 0.73 3.20 0.20 2.06 0.07 1.46 0.03 1.21 0.02
400 5.70 0.80 3.37 0.22 2.17 0.08 1.54 0.03 1.28 0.02
450 6.42 1.00 3.79 0.28 2.44 0.09 1.73 0.04 1.44 0.03
500 7.13 1.21 4.21 0.34 2.71 0.12 1.93 0.05 1.60 0.03 1.22 0.02
550 7.84 1.45 4.63 0.40 2.98 0.14 2.12 0.06 1.76 0.04 1.35 0.02
600 8.56 1.70 5.05 0.47 3.25 0.16 2.31 0.07 1.92 0.04 1.47 0.02
650 9.27 1.97 5.47 0.55 3.52 0.19 2.50 0.08 2.08 0.05 1.59 0.03
700 9.98 2.26 5.89 0.63 3.79 0.21 2.70 0.09 2.24 0.06 1.71 0.03 1.35 0.02
750 10.69 2.57 6.31 0.71 4.06 0.24 2.89 0.11 2.40 0.07 1.83 0.04 1.45 0.02
800 6.73 0.80 4.33 0.27 3.08 0.12 2.56 0.08 1.96 0.04 1.55 0.02
850 7.15 0.90 4.61 0.31 3.27 0.13 2.72 0.09 2.08 0.04 1.64 0.03
900 7.57 1.00 4.88 0.34 3.47 0.15 2.88 0.09 2.20 0.05 1.74 0.03
950 7.99 1.10 5.15 0.38 3.66 0.16 3.04 0.10 2.32 0.05 1.84 0.03
1000 8.42 1.21 5.42 0.42 3.85 0.18 3.20 0.12 2.45 0.06 1.93 0.03
1050 8.84 1.33 5.69 0.45 4.04 0.20 3.36 0.13 2.57 0.07 2.03 0.04
1100 9.26 1.45 5.96 0.50 4.24 0.22 3.51 0.14 2.69 0.07 2.13 0.04
1150 9.68 1.57 6.23 0.54 4.43 0.23 3.67 0.15 2.81 0.08 2.22 0.04
1200 10.10 1.70 6.50 0.58 4.62 0.25 3.83 0.16 2.94 0.08 2.32 0.05
1250 10.52 1.83 6.77 0.63 4.81 0.27 3.99 0.17 3.06 0.09 2.42 0.05
1300 7.04 0.68 5.01 0.29 4.15 0.19 3.18 0.10 2.51 0.05
1350 7.31 0.72 5.20 0.32 4.31 0.20 3.30 0.10 2.61 0.06
1400 7.58 0.78 5.39 0.34 4.47 0.21 3.43 0.11 2.70 0.06
1450 7.86 0.83 5.59 0.36 4.63 0.23 3.55 0.12 2.80 0.07
1500 8.13 0.88 5.78 0.38 4.79 0.24 3.67 0.13 2.90 0.07
1550 8.40 0.94 5.97 0.41 4.95 0.26 3.79 0.14 2.99 0.08
1600 8.67 0.99 6.16 0.43 5.11 0.27 3.91 0.14 3.09 0.08
1650 8.94 1.05 6.36 0.46 5.27 0.29 4.04 0.15 3.19 0.09
1700 9.21 1.11 6.55 0.48 5.43 0.31 4.16 0.16 3.28 0.09
1750 9.48 1.17 6.74 0.51 5.59 0.32 4.28 0.17 3.38 0.10
1800 9.75 1.23 6.93 0.54 5.75 0.34 4.40 0.18 3.48 0.10
1900 10.29 1.36 7.32 0.59 6.07 0.38 4.65 0.20 3.67 0.11
2000 7.70 0.65 6.39 0.42 4.89 0.22 3.86 0.12
2100 8.09 0.72 6.71 0.45 5.14 0.24 4.06 0.13
2200 8.47 0.78 7.03 0.50 5.38 0.26 4.25 0.15
2300 8.86 0.85 7.35 0.54 5.63 0.28 4.44 0.16
2400 7.67 0.58 5.87 0.30 4.64 0.17
2500 7.99 0.63 6.12 0.33 4.83 0.18
2600 8.31 0.68 6.36 0.35 5.02 0.20
2700 8.63 0.72 6.61 0.38 5.22 0.21
2800 8.95 0.77 6.85 0.40 5.41 0.23
2900 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 7.09 0.43 5.60 0.24
3000 Use with caution. 7.34 0.46 5.80 0.26
3300 8.07 0.55 6.38 0.31
3600 8.81 0.64 6.96 0.36
3900 7.53 0.42
4000 7.73 0.44

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 90

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
HDPE DR 13.5 128 PSI (IPS SIZE,
HDPE OD CONTROLLED)
DR 13.5 128 PSI (IPS size, OD controlled)
ANSI/ASAE S376.2 PE3408, ASTM D2239 C=150
ANSI/ASAE S376.2  PE3408, ASTM D2239  C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 3" 4" 6" 8" 10" 12" 14" 16" 18"
Avg. ID 2.950 3.794 5.583 7.269 9.062 10.748 11.802 13.488 15.174
Pipe O.D. 3.500 4.500 6.625 8.625 10.750 12.750 14.000 16.000 18.000
Avg. Wall 0.275 0.353 0.521 0.678 0.844 1.001 1.099 1.256 1.413
Min Wall 0.259 0.333 0.491 0.639 0.796 0.944 1.037 1.185 1.333
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
50 2.34 0.31 1.42 0.09 0.65 0.01
60 2.81 0.43 1.70 0.13 0.79 0.02
70 3.28 0.58 1.98 0.17 0.92 0.03
80 3.75 0.74 2.27 0.22 1.05 0.03
90 4.22 0.92 2.55 0.27 1.18 0.04
100 4.69 1.11 2.83 0.33 1.31 0.05 0.77 0.01
120 5.63 1.56 3.40 0.46 1.57 0.07 0.93 0.02
140 6.56 2.08 3.97 0.61 1.83 0.09 1.08 0.03
160 7.50 2.66 4.54 0.78 2.09 0.12 1.24 0.03
180 8.44 3.31 5.10 0.97 2.36 0.15 1.39 0.04
200 5.67 1.18 2.62 0.18 1.54 0.05 0.99 0.02 0.71 0.01
220 6.24 1.41 2.88 0.22 1.70 0.06 1.09 0.02 0.78 0.01
240 6.80 1.66 3.14 0.25 1.85 0.07 1.19 0.02 0.85 0.01
260 7.37 1.92 3.40 0.29 2.01 0.08 1.29 0.03 0.92 0.01
280 7.94 2.20 3.67 0.34 2.16 0.09 1.39 0.03 0.99 0.01
300 3.93 0.38 2.32 0.11 1.49 0.04 1.06 0.02
320 4.19 0.43 2.47 0.12 1.59 0.04 1.13 0.02
340 4.45 0.48 2.63 0.13 1.69 0.05 1.20 0.02 1.00 0.01
360 4.71 0.54 2.78 0.15 1.79 0.05 1.27 0.02 1.05 0.01
380 4.97 0.59 2.93 0.16 1.89 0.06 1.34 0.02 1.11 0.02
400 5.24 0.65 3.09 0.18 1.99 0.06 1.41 0.03 1.17 0.02
450 5.89 0.81 3.47 0.22 2.24 0.08 1.59 0.03 1.32 0.02
500 6.54 0.98 3.86 0.27 2.48 0.09 1.77 0.04 1.46 0.03 1.12 0.01
550 7.20 1.17 4.25 0.33 2.73 0.11 1.94 0.05 1.61 0.03 1.23 0.02
600 7.85 1.38 4.63 0.38 2.98 0.13 2.12 0.06 1.76 0.04 1.35 0.02
650 8.51 1.60 5.02 0.44 3.23 0.15 2.30 0.07 1.90 0.04 1.46 0.02
700 5.41 0.51 3.48 0.17 2.47 0.08 2.05 0.05 1.57 0.03 1.24 0.01
750 5.79 0.58 3.73 0.20 2.65 0.09 2.20 0.05 1.68 0.03 1.33 0.02
800 6.18 0.65 3.97 0.22 2.83 0.10 2.34 0.06 1.79 0.03 1.42 0.02
850 6.56 0.73 4.22 0.25 3.00 0.11 2.49 0.07 1.91 0.04 1.51 0.02
900 6.95 0.81 4.47 0.28 3.18 0.12 2.64 0.08 2.02 0.04 1.59 0.02
950 7.34 0.90 4.72 0.31 3.36 0.13 2.78 0.08 2.13 0.04 1.68 0.02
1000 7.72 0.98 4.97 0.34 3.53 0.15 2.93 0.09 2.24 0.05 1.77 0.03
1050 8.11 1.08 5.22 0.37 3.71 0.16 3.08 0.10 2.35 0.05 1.86 0.03
1100 5.47 0.40 3.89 0.18 3.22 0.11 2.47 0.06 1.95 0.03
1150 5.71 0.44 4.06 0.19 3.37 0.12 2.58 0.06 2.04 0.04
1200 5.96 0.47 4.24 0.21 3.52 0.13 2.69 0.07 2.13 0.04
1250 6.21 0.51 4.41 0.22 3.66 0.14 2.80 0.07 2.21 0.04
1300 6.46 0.55 4.59 0.24 3.81 0.15 2.92 0.08 2.30 0.04
1350 6.71 0.59 4.77 0.26 3.95 0.16 3.03 0.08 2.39 0.05
1400 6.96 0.63 4.94 0.27 4.10 0.17 3.14 0.09 2.48 0.05
1450 7.20 0.67 5.12 0.29 4.25 0.19 3.25 0.10 2.57 0.05
1500 7.45 0.71 5.30 0.31 4.39 0.20 3.36 0.10 2.66 0.06
1550 7.70 0.76 5.47 0.33 4.54 0.21 3.48 0.11 2.75 0.06
1600 7.95 0.80 5.65 0.35 4.69 0.22 3.59 0.12 2.84 0.07
1650 8.20 0.85 5.83 0.37 4.83 0.24 3.70 0.12 2.92 0.07
1700 6.00 0.39 4.98 0.25 3.81 0.13 3.01 0.07
1750 6.18 0.41 5.13 0.26 3.92 0.14 3.10 0.08
1800 6.36 0.44 5.27 0.28 4.04 0.14 3.19 0.08
1900 6.71 0.48 5.57 0.31 4.26 0.16 3.37 0.09
2000 7.06 0.53 5.86 0.34 4.49 0.18 3.54 0.10
2100 7.42 0.58 6.15 0.37 4.71 0.19 3.72 0.11
2200 7.77 0.63 6.44 0.40 4.93 0.21 3.90 0.12
2300 8.12 0.69 6.74 0.44 5.16 0.23 4.08 0.13
2400 7.03 0.47 5.38 0.25 4.25 0.14
2500 7.32 0.51 5.61 0.27 4.43 0.15
2600 7.62 0.55 5.83 0.29 4.61 0.16
2700 7.91 0.59 6.06 0.31 4.78 0.17
2800 8.20 0.63 6.28 0.33 4.96 0.18
2900 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 6.50 0.35 5.14 0.20
3000 Use with caution. 6.73 0.37 5.32 0.21
3300 7.40 0.44 5.85 0.25
3600 8.07 0.52 6.38 0.29
3900 6.91 0.34
4000 7.09 0.36

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 91

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
C900 DR
C900  DR 25  CLASS 25 (C.I.O.D.)
100 Class 100 (C.I.O.D.)
AWWA C900 ASTM D1784 C=150
AWWA C900  ASTM D1784 PSIC=150Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 4" 6" 8" 10" 12"
Avg. ID 4.392 6.314 8.282 10.158 12.080
Pipe OD 4.800 6.900 9.050 11.100 13.200
Avg. Wall 0.204 0.293 0.384 0.471 0.560
Min. Wall 0.192 0.276 0.362 0.444 0.528
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
25 0.53 0.01 0.26 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.07 0.00
50 1.06 0.04 0.51 0.01 0.30 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.14 0.00
75 1.59 0.09 0.77 0.02 0.45 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.21 0.00
100 2.12 0.16 1.02 0.03 0.59 0.01 0.40 0.00 0.28 0.00
125 2.64 0.24 1.28 0.04 0.74 0.01 0.49 0.00 0.35 0.00
150 3.17 0.34 1.54 0.06 0.89 0.02 0.59 0.01 0.42 0.00
175 3.70 0.45 1.79 0.08 1.04 0.02 0.69 0.01 0.49 0.00
200 4.23 0.58 2.05 0.10 1.19 0.03 0.79 0.01 0.56 0.00
225 4.76 0.72 2.30 0.12 1.34 0.03 0.89 0.01 0.63 0.01
250 5.29 0.88 2.56 0.15 1.49 0.04 0.99 0.01 0.70 0.01
275 5.82 1.05 2.81 0.18 1.64 0.05 1.09 0.02 0.77 0.01
300 6.35 1.23 3.07 0.21 1.78 0.06 1.19 0.02 0.84 0.01
325 6.87 1.43 3.33 0.24 1.93 0.07 1.29 0.02 0.91 0.01
350 7.40 1.63 3.58 0.28 2.08 0.07 1.38 0.03 0.98 0.01
375 3.84 0.32 2.23 0.08 1.48 0.03 1.05 0.01
400 4.09 0.36 2.38 0.10 1.58 0.04 1.12 0.02
450 4.61 0.45 2.68 0.12 1.78 0.04 1.26 0.02
500 5.12 0.54 2.97 0.14 1.98 0.05 1.40 0.02
550 5.63 0.65 3.27 0.17 2.17 0.06 1.54 0.03
600 6.14 0.76 3.57 0.20 2.37 0.08 1.68 0.03
700 7.16 1.01 4.16 0.27 2.77 0.10 1.96 0.04
800 8.19 1.29 4.76 0.35 3.16 0.13 2.24 0.05
900 9.21 1.61 5.35 0.43 3.56 0.16 2.52 0.07
1000 10.23 1.95 5.95 0.52 3.95 0.19 2.80 0.08
1100 6.54 0.62 4.35 0.23 3.08 0.10
1200 7.14 0.73 4.74 0.27 3.36 0.12
1300 7.73 0.85 5.14 0.31 3.63 0.14
1400 8.33 0.97 5.54 0.36 3.91 0.16
1500 8.92 1.11 5.93 0.41 4.19 0.18
1600 9.52 1.25 6.33 0.46 4.47 0.20
1700 6.72 0.52 4.75 0.22
1800 7.12 0.57 5.03 0.25
1900 7.51 0.63 5.31 0.27
2000 7.91 0.70 5.59 0.30
2100 8.30 0.76 5.87 0.33
2200 8.70 0.83 6.15 0.36
2300 6.43 0.39
2400 6.71 0.42
2500 6.99 0.45
2600 7.27 0.49
2700 7.55 0.52
2800 7.83 0.56
2900 8.11 0.60
3000 8.39 0.64
3100 8.67 0.68
3200
3300
3400
3500
3600
3800
3900
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5500
6000 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps.
6500 Use with caution.
7000
7500
8000
8500

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 92

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
C900 DR 18  CLASS 150 (C.I.O.D.)
C900 DR 18 Class 150 (C.I.O.D.)
AWWA C900  ASTM D1784  AWWAC=150
C900 ASTM D1784 C=150
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 4" 6" 8" 10" 12"
Avg. ID 4.234 6.088 7.984 9.792 11.646
Pipe OD 4.800 6.900 9.050 11.100 13.200
Avg. Wall 0.283 0.406 0.533 0.654 0.777
Min. Wall 0.267 0.383 0.503 0.617 0.733
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
25 0.57 0.01 0.28 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.08 0.00
50 1.14 0.05 0.55 0.01 0.32 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.15 0.00
75 1.71 0.11 0.83 0.02 0.48 0.01 0.32 0.00 0.23 0.00
100 2.28 0.19 1.10 0.03 0.64 0.01 0.43 0.00 0.30 0.00
125 2.84 0.29 1.38 0.05 0.80 0.01 0.53 0.00 0.38 0.00
150 3.41 0.41 1.65 0.07 0.96 0.02 0.64 0.01 0.45 0.00
175 3.98 0.54 1.93 0.09 1.12 0.02 0.74 0.01 0.53 0.00
200 4.55 0.69 2.20 0.12 1.28 0.03 0.85 0.01 0.60 0.01
225 5.12 0.86 2.48 0.15 1.44 0.04 0.96 0.01 0.68 0.01
250 5.69 1.05 2.75 0.18 1.60 0.05 1.06 0.02 0.75 0.01
275 6.26 1.25 3.03 0.21 1.76 0.06 1.17 0.02 0.83 0.01
300 6.83 1.47 3.30 0.25 1.92 0.07 1.28 0.02 0.90 0.01
325 7.40 1.70 3.58 0.29 2.08 0.08 1.38 0.03 0.98 0.01
350 7.97 1.95 3.85 0.33 2.24 0.09 1.49 0.03 1.05 0.01
375 8.53 2.22 4.13 0.38 2.40 0.10 1.60 0.04 1.13 0.02
400 9.10 2.50 4.40 0.43 2.56 0.11 1.70 0.04 1.20 0.02
450 4.95 0.53 2.88 0.14 1.91 0.05 1.35 0.02
500 5.50 0.65 3.20 0.17 2.13 0.06 1.50 0.03
550 6.05 0.77 3.52 0.21 2.34 0.08 1.65 0.03
600 6.60 0.91 3.84 0.24 2.55 0.09 1.80 0.04
700 7.71 1.20 4.48 0.32 2.98 0.12 2.11 0.05
800 8.81 1.54 5.12 0.41 3.40 0.15 2.41 0.07
900 9.91 1.92 5.76 0.51 3.83 0.19 2.71 0.08
1000 6.40 0.62 4.26 0.23 3.01 0.10
1100 7.04 0.74 4.68 0.28 3.31 0.12
1200 7.68 0.87 5.11 0.32 3.61 0.14
1300 8.32 1.01 5.53 0.38 3.91 0.16
1400 8.96 1.16 5.96 0.43 4.21 0.19
1500 9.60 1.32 6.38 0.49 4.51 0.21
1600 10.24 1.49 6.81 0.55 4.81 0.24
1700 7.23 0.62 5.11 0.27
1800 7.66 0.69 5.41 0.29
1900 8.08 0.76 5.72 0.33
2000 8.51 0.83 6.02 0.36
2100 8.94 0.91 6.32 0.39
2200 9.36 0.99 6.62 0.43
2300 6.92 0.46
2400 7.22 0.50
2500 7.52 0.54
2600 7.82 0.58
2700 8.12 0.63
2800
2900
3000
3100
3200
3300
3400
3500
3600
3800
3900
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5500
6000 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps.
6500 Use with caution.
7000
7500
8000
8500

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 93

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
C900  DR 14  CLASS 200 (C.I.O.D.)
C900 DR 14 Class 200 (C.I.O.D.)
AWWA C900  ASTM D1784  C=150
AWWA C900 ASTM D1784 C=150
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 4" 6" 8" 10" 12"
Avg. ID 4.072 5.854 7.680 9.418 11.200
Pipe OD 4.800 6.900 9.050 11.100 13.200
Avg. Wall 0.364 0.523 0.685 0.841 1.000
Min. Wall 0.343 0.493 0.646 0.793 0.943
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
25 0.62 0.02 0.30 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.08 0.00
50 1.23 0.06 0.60 0.01 0.35 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.16 0.00
75 1.85 0.14 0.89 0.02 0.52 0.01 0.34 0.00 0.24 0.00
100 2.46 0.23 1.19 0.04 0.69 0.01 0.46 0.00 0.33 0.00
125 3.08 0.35 1.49 0.06 0.86 0.02 0.57 0.01 0.41 0.00
150 3.69 0.49 1.79 0.08 1.04 0.02 0.69 0.01 0.49 0.00
175 4.31 0.65 2.08 0.11 1.21 0.03 0.80 0.01 0.57 0.00
200 4.92 0.84 2.38 0.14 1.38 0.04 0.92 0.01 0.65 0.01
225 5.54 1.04 2.68 0.18 1.56 0.05 1.03 0.02 0.73 0.01
250 6.15 1.27 2.98 0.22 1.73 0.06 1.15 0.02 0.81 0.01
275 6.77 1.51 3.27 0.26 1.90 0.07 1.26 0.03 0.89 0.01
300 7.38 1.78 3.57 0.30 2.08 0.08 1.38 0.03 0.98 0.01
325 8.00 2.06 3.87 0.35 2.25 0.09 1.49 0.03 1.06 0.01
350 8.61 2.36 4.17 0.40 2.42 0.11 1.61 0.04 1.14 0.02
375 9.23 2.68 4.46 0.46 2.59 0.12 1.72 0.05 1.22 0.02
400 4.76 0.52 2.77 0.14 1.84 0.05 1.30 0.02
450 5.36 0.64 3.11 0.17 2.07 0.06 1.46 0.03
500 5.95 0.78 3.46 0.21 2.30 0.08 1.63 0.03
550 6.55 0.93 3.80 0.25 2.53 0.09 1.79 0.04
600 7.14 1.10 4.15 0.29 2.76 0.11 1.95 0.05
700 8.33 1.46 4.84 0.39 3.22 0.14 2.28 0.06
800 9.52 1.87 5.53 0.50 3.68 0.18 2.60 0.08
900 10.72 2.32 6.23 0.62 4.14 0.23 2.93 0.10
1000 6.92 0.75 4.60 0.28 3.25 0.12
1100 7.61 0.90 5.06 0.33 3.58 0.14
1200 8.30 1.06 5.52 0.39 3.90 0.17
1300 8.99 1.22 5.98 0.45 4.23 0.20
1400 9.68 1.40 6.44 0.52 4.55 0.22
1500 10.38 1.60 6.90 0.59 4.88 0.25
1600 11.07 1.80 7.36 0.67 5.20 0.29
1700 7.82 0.75 5.53 0.32
1800 8.28 0.83 5.85 0.36
1900 8.74 0.92 6.18 0.39
2000 9.20 1.01 6.51 0.43
2100 9.66 1.10 6.83 0.47
2200 10.12 1.20 7.16 0.52
2300 7.48 0.56
2400 7.81 0.61
2500 8.13 0.66
2600 8.46 0.70
2700 8.78 0.76
2800 9.11 0.81
2900 9.43 0.86
3000 9.76 0.92
3100 10.08 0.98
3200
3300
3400
3500
3600
3800
3900
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5500
Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps.
6000
6500 Use with caution.
7000
7500
8000
8500

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 94

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
C905 DR 25  165 PSI (C.I.O.D.)
C905 DR 25 165 psi (C.I.O.D.)
AWWA C905  ASTM D1784  AWWA C905 ASTM D1784
C=150 C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 14" 16" 18" 20" 24" 30"
Avg. ID 14.002 15.924 17.846 19.768 23.612 29.286
Pipe OD 15.300 17.400 19.500 21.600 25.800 32.000
Avg. Wall 0.649 0.738 0.827 0.916 1.094 1.357
Min. Wall 0.612 0.696 0.780 0.864 1.032 1.280
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
400 0.83 0.01 0.64 0.00 0.51 0.00 0.42 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.19 0.00
450 0.94 0.01 0.72 0.00 0.58 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.21 0.00
500 1.04 0.01 0.80 0.01 0.64 0.00 0.52 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.24 0.00
550 1.14 0.01 0.88 0.01 0.70 0.00 0.57 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.26 0.00
600 1.25 0.02 0.97 0.01 0.77 0.00 0.63 0.00 0.44 0.00 0.29 0.00
650 1.35 0.02 1.05 0.01 0.83 0.01 0.68 0.00 0.48 0.00 0.31 0.00
700 1.46 0.02 1.13 0.01 0.90 0.01 0.73 0.00 0.51 0.00 0.33 0.00
750 1.56 0.02 1.21 0.01 0.96 0.01 0.78 0.00 0.55 0.00 0.36 0.00
800 1.66 0.03 1.29 0.01 1.02 0.01 0.84 0.01 0.59 0.00 0.38 0.00
850 1.77 0.03 1.37 0.02 1.09 0.01 0.89 0.01 0.62 0.00 0.40 0.00
900 1.87 0.03 1.45 0.02 1.15 0.01 0.94 0.01 0.66 0.00 0.43 0.00
950 1.98 0.04 1.53 0.02 1.22 0.01 0.99 0.01 0.70 0.00 0.45 0.00
1000 2.08 0.04 1.61 0.02 1.28 0.01 1.04 0.01 0.73 0.00 0.48 0.00
1100 2.29 0.05 1.77 0.03 1.41 0.01 1.15 0.01 0.80 0.00 0.52 0.00
1200 2.50 0.06 1.93 0.03 1.54 0.02 1.25 0.01 0.88 0.00 0.57 0.00
1300 2.71 0.07 2.09 0.04 1.67 0.02 1.36 0.01 0.95 0.01 0.62 0.00
1400 2.91 0.08 2.25 0.04 1.79 0.02 1.46 0.01 1.02 0.01 0.67 0.00
1500 3.12 0.09 2.41 0.05 1.92 0.03 1.57 0.02 1.10 0.01 0.71 0.00
1600 3.33 0.10 2.57 0.05 2.05 0.03 1.67 0.02 1.17 0.01 0.76 0.00
1700 3.54 0.11 2.74 0.06 2.18 0.03 1.77 0.02 1.24 0.01 0.81 0.00
1800 3.75 0.12 2.90 0.06 2.31 0.04 1.88 0.02 1.32 0.01 0.86 0.00
1900 3.95 0.13 3.06 0.07 2.43 0.04 1.98 0.02 1.39 0.01 0.90 0.00
2000 4.16 0.15 3.22 0.08 2.56 0.04 2.09 0.03 1.46 0.01 0.95 0.00
2100 4.37 0.16 3.38 0.09 2.69 0.05 2.19 0.03 1.54 0.01 1.00 0.00
2200 4.58 0.17 3.54 0.09 2.82 0.05 2.30 0.03 1.61 0.01 1.05 0.00
2300 4.79 0.19 3.70 0.10 2.95 0.06 2.40 0.04 1.68 0.01 1.09 0.01
2400 4.99 0.21 3.86 0.11 3.07 0.06 2.51 0.04 1.76 0.02 1.14 0.01
2500 5.20 0.22 4.02 0.12 3.20 0.07 2.61 0.04 1.83 0.02 1.19 0.01
2600 5.41 0.24 4.18 0.13 3.33 0.07 2.71 0.04 1.90 0.02 1.24 0.01
2700 5.62 0.26 4.34 0.14 3.46 0.08 2.82 0.05 1.98 0.02 1.28 0.01
2800 5.83 0.27 4.51 0.15 3.59 0.08 2.92 0.05 2.05 0.02 1.33 0.01
2900 6.04 0.29 4.67 0.16 3.72 0.09 3.03 0.05 2.12 0.02 1.38 0.01
3000 6.24 0.31 4.83 0.17 3.84 0.10 3.13 0.06 2.20 0.02 1.43 0.01
3100 6.45 0.33 4.99 0.18 3.97 0.10 3.24 0.06 2.27 0.03 1.47 0.01
3200 6.66 0.35 5.15 0.19 4.10 0.11 3.34 0.07 2.34 0.03 1.52 0.01
3300 6.87 0.37 5.31 0.20 4.23 0.11 3.45 0.07 2.41 0.03 1.57 0.01
3400 7.08 0.39 5.47 0.21 4.36 0.12 3.55 0.07 2.49 0.03 1.62 0.01
3500 7.28 0.41 5.63 0.22 4.48 0.13 3.65 0.08 2.56 0.03 1.66 0.01
3600 7.49 0.43 5.79 0.23 4.61 0.13 3.76 0.08 2.63 0.03 1.71 0.01
3700 7.70 0.46 5.95 0.24 4.74 0.14 3.86 0.09 2.71 0.04 1.76 0.01
3800 6.11 0.26 4.87 0.15 3.97 0.09 2.78 0.04 1.81 0.01
3900 6.28 0.27 5.00 0.15 4.07 0.09 2.85 0.04 1.86 0.01
4000 6.44 0.28 5.12 0.16 4.18 0.10 2.93 0.04 1.90 0.01
4200 6.76 0.31 5.38 0.18 4.39 0.11 3.07 0.05 2.00 0.02
4400 7.08 0.34 5.64 0.19 4.59 0.12 3.22 0.05 2.09 0.02
4600 7.40 0.37 5.89 0.21 4.80 0.13 3.37 0.05 2.19 0.02
4800 7.72 0.40 6.15 0.23 5.01 0.14 3.51 0.06 2.28 0.02
5000 6.41 0.25 5.22 0.15 3.66 0.06 2.38 0.02
5200 6.66 0.26 5.43 0.16 3.81 0.07 2.47 0.02
5400 6.92 0.28 5.64 0.17 3.95 0.07 2.57 0.03
5600 7.17 0.30 5.85 0.18 4.10 0.08 2.66 0.03
5800 7.43 0.32 6.06 0.20 4.24 0.08 2.76 0.03
6000 7.69 0.34 6.26 0.21 4.39 0.09 2.85 0.03
6200 7.94 0.37 6.47 0.22 4.54 0.09 2.95 0.03
6400 6.68 0.24 4.68 0.10 3.04 0.03
6600 6.89 0.25 4.83 0.10 3.14 0.04
6800 7.10 0.26 4.98 0.11 3.23 0.04
7000 7.31 0.28 5.12 0.12 3.33 0.04
7500 7.83 0.32 5.49 0.13 3.57 0.05
8000 5.85 0.15 3.81 0.05
8500 Shaded area represents velocities over 6.22 0.17 4.04 0.06
9000 6.59 0.19 4.28 0.07
9500 5 fps. Use with caution where water 6.95 0.21 4.52 0.07
10000 hammer is a concern. 7.32 0.23 4.76 0.08
10500 7.68 0.25 4.99 0.09

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 95

C905  DR 18  235 PSI (C.I.O.D.)
Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
AWWA C905  ASTM D1784  C=150
C905 DR 18 235 psi (C.I.O.D.)
PSI Loss per 100 Feet ofAWWA
Pipe C905 ASTM D1784 C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe

Nominal
Size 14" 16" 18" 20" 24" 30"
Avg. ID 13.50 15.35 17.20 19.06 22.76 28.23
Pipe OD 15.30 17.40 19.50 21.60 25.80 32.00
Avg. Wall 0.901 1.025 1.148 1.272 1.519 1.885
Min. Wall 0.850 0.967 1.083 1.200 1.433 1.778
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
400 0.90 0.01 0.69 0.00 0.55 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.20 0.00
450 1.01 0.01 0.78 0.01 0.62 0.00 0.51 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.23 0.00
500 1.12 0.01 0.87 0.01 0.69 0.00 0.56 0.00 0.39 0.00 0.26 0.00
550 1.23 0.02 0.95 0.01 0.76 0.00 0.62 0.00 0.43 0.00 0.28 0.00
600 1.34 0.02 1.04 0.01 0.83 0.01 0.67 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.31 0.00
650 1.46 0.02 1.13 0.01 0.90 0.01 0.73 0.00 0.51 0.00 0.33 0.00
700 1.57 0.03 1.21 0.01 0.96 0.01 0.79 0.00 0.55 0.00 0.36 0.00
750 1.68 0.03 1.30 0.02 1.03 0.01 0.84 0.01 0.59 0.00 0.38 0.00
800 1.79 0.03 1.39 0.02 1.10 0.01 0.90 0.01 0.63 0.00 0.41 0.00
850 1.90 0.04 1.47 0.02 1.17 0.01 0.96 0.01 0.67 0.00 0.44 0.00
900 2.02 0.04 1.56 0.02 1.24 0.01 1.01 0.01 0.71 0.00 0.46 0.00
950 2.13 0.04 1.65 0.02 1.31 0.01 1.07 0.01 0.75 0.00 0.49 0.00
1000 2.24 0.05 1.73 0.03 1.38 0.01 1.12 0.01 0.79 0.00 0.51 0.00
1100 2.46 0.06 1.90 0.03 1.52 0.02 1.24 0.01 0.87 0.00 0.56 0.00
1200 2.69 0.07 2.08 0.04 1.65 0.02 1.35 0.01 0.94 0.01 0.61 0.00
1300 2.91 0.08 2.25 0.04 1.79 0.02 1.46 0.01 1.02 0.01 0.67 0.00
1400 3.14 0.09 2.42 0.05 1.93 0.03 1.57 0.02 1.10 0.01 0.72 0.00
1500 3.36 0.10 2.60 0.05 2.07 0.03 1.69 0.02 1.18 0.01 0.77 0.00
1600 3.58 0.12 2.77 0.06 2.21 0.04 1.80 0.02 1.26 0.01 0.82 0.00
1700 3.81 0.13 2.94 0.07 2.34 0.04 1.91 0.02 1.34 0.01 0.87 0.00
1800 4.03 0.14 3.12 0.08 2.48 0.04 2.02 0.03 1.42 0.01 0.92 0.00
1900 4.25 0.16 3.29 0.09 2.62 0.05 2.13 0.03 1.50 0.01 0.97 0.00
2000 4.48 0.17 3.46 0.09 2.76 0.05 2.25 0.03 1.57 0.01 1.02 0.00
2100 4.70 0.19 3.64 0.10 2.89 0.06 2.36 0.04 1.65 0.02 1.08 0.01
2200 4.93 0.21 3.81 0.11 3.03 0.06 2.47 0.04 1.73 0.02 1.13 0.01
2300 5.15 0.23 3.98 0.12 3.17 0.07 2.58 0.04 1.81 0.02 1.18 0.01
2400 5.37 0.25 4.16 0.13 3.31 0.08 2.70 0.05 1.89 0.02 1.23 0.01
2500 5.60 0.26 4.33 0.14 3.45 0.08 2.81 0.05 1.97 0.02 1.28 0.01
2600 5.82 0.28 4.50 0.15 3.58 0.09 2.92 0.05 2.05 0.02 1.33 0.01
2700 6.05 0.30 4.68 0.16 3.72 0.09 3.03 0.06 2.13 0.02 1.38 0.01
2800 6.27 0.33 4.85 0.17 3.86 0.10 3.15 0.06 2.20 0.03 1.43 0.01
2900 6.49 0.35 5.02 0.19 4.00 0.11 3.26 0.06 2.28 0.03 1.48 0.01
3000 6.72 0.37 5.19 0.20 4.14 0.11 3.37 0.07 2.36 0.03 1.54 0.01
3100 6.94 0.39 5.37 0.21 4.27 0.12 3.48 0.07 2.44 0.03 1.59 0.01
3200 7.17 0.42 5.54 0.22 4.41 0.13 3.60 0.08 2.52 0.03 1.64 0.01
3300 5.71 0.24 4.55 0.14 3.71 0.08 2.60 0.03 1.69 0.01
3400 5.89 0.25 4.69 0.14 3.82 0.09 2.68 0.04 1.74 0.01
3500 6.06 0.26 4.82 0.15 3.93 0.09 2.76 0.04 1.79 0.01
3600 6.23 0.28 4.96 0.16 4.04 0.10 2.83 0.04 1.84 0.01
3700 6.41 0.29 5.10 0.17 4.16 0.10 2.91 0.04 1.89 0.02
3800 6.58 0.31 5.24 0.18 4.27 0.11 2.99 0.05 1.95 0.02
3900 6.75 0.32 5.38 0.18 4.38 0.11 3.07 0.05 2.00 0.02
4000 6.93 0.34 5.51 0.19 4.49 0.12 3.15 0.05 2.05 0.02
4200 7.27 0.37 5.79 0.21 4.72 0.13 3.31 0.05 2.15 0.02
4400 7.62 0.40 6.07 0.23 4.94 0.14 3.46 0.06 2.25 0.02
4600 6.34 0.25 5.17 0.15 3.62 0.06 2.36 0.02
4800 6.62 0.27 5.39 0.17 3.78 0.07 2.46 0.02
5000 6.89 0.29 5.62 0.18 3.94 0.08 2.56 0.03
5200 7.17 0.32 5.84 0.19 4.09 0.08 2.66 0.03
5400 7.44 0.34 6.07 0.21 4.25 0.09 2.76 0.03
5600 6.29 0.22 4.41 0.09 2.87 0.03
5800 6.52 0.23 4.57 0.10 2.97 0.03
6000 6.74 0.25 4.72 0.11 3.07 0.04
6200 6.97 0.27 4.88 0.11 3.17 0.04
6400 7.19 0.28 5.04 0.12 3.28 0.04
6600 7.42 0.30 5.20 0.13 3.38 0.04
6800 7.64 0.31 5.35 0.13 3.48 0.05
7000 7.86 0.33 5.51 0.14 3.58 0.05
7500 5.91 0.16 3.84 0.06
8000 Shaded area represents velocities over 6.30 0.18 4.10 0.06
8500 6.69 0.20 4.35 0.07
9000 5 fps. Use with caution where water 7.09 0.22 4.61 0.08
9500 hammer is a concern. 7.48 0.25 4.86 0.09
10000 5.12 0.10
10500 5.38 0.10

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 96

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PVC 63  IPS PLASTIC
PVCPIPE
63 IPS Plastic Pipe
ANSI/ASAE S376.2  ASTMS376.2
ANSI/ASAE D1784  SDR
ASTM 64  C=150
D1784 SDR 64 C=150
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 4" 6" 8" 10" 12"
Avg. ID 4.340 6.397 8.335 10.394 12.328
Pipe OD 4.500 6.625 8.625 10.750 12.750
Avg. Wall 0.080 0.114 0.145 0.178 0.211
Min. Wall 0.070 0.104 0.135 0.168 0.199
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
10 0.22 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.00
20 0.43 0.01 0.20 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.05 0.00
30 0.65 0.02 0.30 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.08 0.00
40 0.87 0.03 0.40 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.11 0.00
50 1.08 0.05 0.50 0.01 0.29 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.13 0.00
60 1.30 0.07 0.60 0.01 0.35 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.16 0.00
70 1.52 0.09 0.70 0.01 0.41 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.19 0.00
80 1.73 0.11 0.80 0.02 0.47 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.21 0.00
90 1.95 0.14 0.90 0.02 0.53 0.01 0.34 0.00 0.24 0.00
100 2.17 0.17 1.00 0.03 0.59 0.01 0.38 0.00 0.27 0.00
120 2.60 0.24 1.20 0.04 0.70 0.01 0.45 0.00 0.32 0.00
140 3.03 0.32 1.40 0.05 0.82 0.01 0.53 0.00 0.38 0.00
160 3.47 0.41 1.60 0.06 0.94 0.02 0.60 0.01 0.43 0.00
180 3.90 0.51 1.79 0.08 1.06 0.02 0.68 0.01 0.48 0.00
200 4.33 0.61 1.99 0.09 1.17 0.03 0.76 0.01 0.54 0.00
225 4.87 0.76 2.24 0.12 1.32 0.03 0.85 0.01 0.60 0.00
250 5.42 0.93 2.49 0.14 1.47 0.04 0.94 0.01 0.67 0.01
275 5.96 1.11 2.74 0.17 1.62 0.05 1.04 0.02 0.74 0.01
300 6.50 1.30 2.99 0.20 1.76 0.05 1.13 0.02 0.81 0.01
325 7.04 1.51 3.24 0.23 1.91 0.06 1.23 0.02 0.87 0.01
350 7.58 1.73 3.49 0.26 2.06 0.07 1.32 0.02 0.94 0.01
375 3.74 0.30 2.20 0.08 1.42 0.03 1.01 0.01
400 3.99 0.34 2.35 0.09 1.51 0.03 1.07 0.01
425 4.24 0.38 2.50 0.10 1.61 0.04 1.14 0.02
450 4.49 0.42 2.64 0.12 1.70 0.04 1.21 0.02
475 4.74 0.46 2.79 0.13 1.79 0.04 1.28 0.02
500 4.99 0.51 2.94 0.14 1.89 0.05 1.34 0.02
550 5.48 0.61 3.23 0.17 2.08 0.06 1.48 0.02
600 5.98 0.71 3.52 0.20 2.27 0.07 1.61 0.03
650 6.48 0.83 3.82 0.23 2.45 0.08 1.74 0.03
700 6.98 0.95 4.11 0.26 2.64 0.09 1.88 0.04
750 7.48 1.08 4.40 0.30 2.83 0.10 2.01 0.04
800 7.98 1.21 4.70 0.33 3.02 0.11 2.15 0.05
850 4.99 0.37 3.21 0.13 2.28 0.06
900 5.29 0.42 3.40 0.14 2.42 0.06
950 5.58 0.46 3.59 0.16 2.55 0.07
1000 5.87 0.51 3.78 0.17 2.68 0.08
1050 6.17 0.55 3.97 0.19 2.82 0.08
1150 6.75 0.66 4.34 0.22 3.09 0.10
1200 7.05 0.71 4.53 0.24 3.22 0.11
1250 4.72 0.26 3.36 0.11
1300 4.91 0.28 3.49 0.12
1350 5.10 0.30 3.62 0.13
1400 5.29 0.32 3.76 0.14
1500 5.66 0.37 4.03 0.16
1550 5.85 0.39 4.16 0.17
1600 6.04 0.41 4.30 0.18
1650 6.23 0.44 4.43 0.19
1700 6.42 0.46 4.56 0.20
1750 6.61 0.49 4.70 0.21
1800 4.83 0.22
1850 4.97 0.24
1900 5.10 0.25
1950 5.23 0.26
2000 5.37 0.27
2100 5.64 0.30
2200 5.91 0.32
2300 6.17 0.35
2400 6.44 0.38
2500 6.71 0.41
2600
2700 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps.
2800
2900 Use with caution.
3000

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 97

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PVC 100  IPS PLASTIC PIPE PVC 100 IPS Plastic Pipe
ANSI/ASAE S376.2 ASTM D1784 SDR 41 C=150
ANSI/ASAE S376.2  ASTM D1784  SDR 41  PSI
C=150
Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 6" 8" 10" 12" 14" 16" 18"
Avg. ID 6.281 8.179 10.194 12.090 13.270 15.164 17.060
Pipe OD 6.625 8.625 10.750 12.750 14.000 16.000 18.000
Avg. Wall 0.172 0.223 0.278 0.330 0.365 0.418 0.470
Min. Wall 0.162 0.210 0.262 0.311 0.341 0.390 0.439
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
20 0.21 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.00
40 0.41 0.01 0.24 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.06 0.00
60 0.62 0.01 0.37 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.08 0.00
80 0.83 0.02 0.49 0.01 0.31 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.11 0.00
100 1.03 0.03 0.61 0.01 0.39 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.14 0.00
150 1.55 0.06 0.91 0.02 0.59 0.01 0.42 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.21 0.00
200 2.07 0.10 1.22 0.03 0.79 0.01 0.56 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.28 0.00
250 2.59 0.15 1.52 0.04 0.98 0.01 0.70 0.01 0.58 0.00 0.44 0.00 0.35 0.00
300 3.10 0.22 1.83 0.06 1.18 0.02 0.84 0.01 0.70 0.01 0.53 0.00 0.42 0.00
350 3.62 0.29 2.13 0.08 1.37 0.03 0.98 0.01 0.81 0.01 0.62 0.00 0.49 0.00
400 4.14 0.37 2.44 0.10 1.57 0.03 1.12 0.02 0.93 0.01 0.71 0.01 0.56 0.00
450 4.65 0.46 2.74 0.13 1.77 0.04 1.26 0.02 1.04 0.01 0.80 0.01 0.63 0.00
500 5.17 0.56 3.05 0.15 1.96 0.05 1.40 0.02 1.16 0.01 0.89 0.01 0.70 0.00
550 5.69 0.66 3.35 0.18 2.16 0.06 1.54 0.03 1.27 0.02 0.98 0.01 0.77 0.01
600 6.21 0.78 3.66 0.22 2.36 0.07 1.67 0.03 1.39 0.02 1.06 0.01 0.84 0.01
650 6.72 0.90 3.96 0.25 2.55 0.09 1.81 0.04 1.51 0.02 1.15 0.01 0.91 0.01
700 7.24 1.04 4.27 0.29 2.75 0.10 1.95 0.04 1.62 0.03 1.24 0.01 0.98 0.01
750 7.76 1.18 4.57 0.33 2.94 0.11 2.09 0.05 1.74 0.03 1.33 0.02 1.05 0.01
800 8.27 1.33 4.88 0.37 3.14 0.13 2.23 0.05 1.85 0.03 1.42 0.02 1.12 0.01
850 8.79 1.48 5.18 0.41 3.34 0.14 2.37 0.06 1.97 0.04 1.51 0.02 1.19 0.01
900 5.49 0.46 3.53 0.16 2.51 0.07 2.09 0.04 1.60 0.02 1.26 0.01
950 5.79 0.50 3.73 0.17 2.65 0.08 2.20 0.05 1.69 0.03 1.33 0.01
1000 6.10 0.55 3.93 0.19 2.79 0.08 2.32 0.05 1.77 0.03 1.40 0.02
1050 6.40 0.61 4.12 0.21 2.93 0.09 2.43 0.06 1.86 0.03 1.47 0.02
1100 6.71 0.66 4.32 0.23 3.07 0.10 2.55 0.06 1.95 0.03 1.54 0.02
1150 4.52 0.25 3.21 0.11 2.66 0.07 2.04 0.04 1.61 0.02
1200 4.71 0.27 3.35 0.12 2.78 0.07 2.13 0.04 1.68 0.02
1250 4.91 0.29 3.49 0.13 2.90 0.08 2.22 0.04 1.75 0.02
1300 5.10 0.31 3.63 0.13 3.01 0.09 2.31 0.04 1.82 0.03
1350 5.30 0.33 3.77 0.14 3.13 0.09 2.40 0.05 1.89 0.03
1400 5.50 0.35 3.91 0.15 3.24 0.10 2.48 0.05 1.96 0.03
1450 5.69 0.38 4.05 0.16 3.36 0.10 2.57 0.05 2.03 0.03
1500 5.89 0.40 4.19 0.18 3.48 0.11 2.66 0.06 2.10 0.03
1600 6.28 0.45 4.47 0.20 3.71 0.13 2.84 0.07 2.24 0.04
1700 6.67 0.51 4.75 0.22 3.94 0.14 3.02 0.07 2.38 0.04
1800 5.02 0.25 4.17 0.16 3.19 0.08 2.52 0.05
1900 5.30 0.27 4.40 0.17 3.37 0.09 2.66 0.05
2000 5.58 0.30 4.63 0.19 3.55 0.10 2.80 0.06
2100 5.86 0.33 4.87 0.21 3.73 0.11 2.94 0.06
2200 6.14 0.36 5.10 0.23 3.90 0.12 3.08 0.07
2300 6.42 0.39 5.33 0.25 4.08 0.13 3.22 0.07
2400 6.70 0.42 5.56 0.27 4.26 0.14 3.36 0.08
2500 6.98 0.45 5.79 0.29 4.44 0.15 3.50 0.08
2600 7.26 0.49 6.02 0.31 4.61 0.16 3.64 0.09
2700 7.54 0.52 6.26 0.33 4.79 0.17 3.78 0.10
2800 7.82 0.56 6.49 0.35 4.97 0.19 3.93 0.10
2900 8.09 0.59 6.72 0.38 5.15 0.20 4.07 0.11
3000 8.37 0.63 6.95 0.40 5.32 0.21 4.21 0.12
3100 8.65 0.67 7.18 0.43 5.50 0.22 4.35 0.13
3200 8.93 0.71 7.41 0.45 5.68 0.24 4.49 0.13
3300 7.65 0.48 5.86 0.25 4.63 0.14
3400 7.88 0.51 6.03 0.27 4.77 0.15
3500 8.11 0.54 6.21 0.28 4.91 0.16
3600 8.34 0.56 6.39 0.29 5.05 0.17
3700 8.57 0.59 6.56 0.31 5.19 0.17
3800 6.74 0.33 5.33 0.18
3900 6.92 0.34 5.47 0.19
4000 7.10 0.36 5.61 0.20
4100 7.27 0.38 5.75 0.21
4200 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 7.45 0.39 5.89 0.22
4300 Use with caution. 6.03 0.23
4400 6.17 0.24
4500 6.31 0.25
4600 6.45 0.26
4700 6.59 0.27

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 98

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008

PVC 125  IPS PLASTIC PIPE PVC 125 IPS Plastic Pipe
ANSI/ASAE S376.2 ASTM D1784 SDR 32.5 C=150
ANSI/ASAE S376.2  ASTM D1784  SDR 32.5 PSIC=150
Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 6" 8" 10" 12" 14" 16" 18"
Avg. ID 6.193 8.063 10.048 11.918 13.088 14.956 16.826
Pipe OD 6.625 8.625 10.750 12.750 14.000 16.000 18.000
Avg. Wall 0.216 0.281 0.351 0.416 0.456 0.522 0.587
Min. Wall 0.204 0.265 0.331 0.392 0.430 0.492 0.554
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
20 0.21 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.00
40 0.43 0.01 0.25 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.06 0.00
60 0.64 0.01 0.38 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.09 0.00
80 0.85 0.02 0.50 0.01 0.32 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.12 0.00
100 1.06 0.03 0.63 0.01 0.40 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.14 0.00
150 1.60 0.06 0.94 0.02 0.61 0.01 0.43 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.22 0.00
200 2.13 0.11 1.26 0.03 0.81 0.01 0.57 0.00 0.48 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.29 0.00
250 2.66 0.16 1.57 0.05 1.01 0.02 0.72 0.01 0.60 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.36 0.00
300 3.19 0.23 1.88 0.06 1.21 0.02 0.86 0.01 0.71 0.01 0.55 0.00 0.43 0.00
350 3.72 0.31 2.20 0.09 1.41 0.03 1.01 0.01 0.83 0.01 0.64 0.00 0.50 0.00
400 4.26 0.39 2.51 0.11 1.62 0.04 1.15 0.02 0.95 0.01 0.73 0.01 0.58 0.00
450 4.79 0.49 2.82 0.14 1.82 0.05 1.29 0.02 1.07 0.01 0.82 0.01 0.65 0.00
500 5.32 0.59 3.14 0.16 2.02 0.06 1.44 0.02 1.19 0.02 0.91 0.01 0.72 0.00
550 5.85 0.71 3.45 0.20 2.22 0.07 1.58 0.03 1.31 0.02 1.00 0.01 0.79 0.01
600 6.38 0.83 3.77 0.23 2.42 0.08 1.72 0.03 1.43 0.02 1.09 0.01 0.86 0.01
650 6.91 0.97 4.08 0.27 2.63 0.09 1.87 0.04 1.55 0.03 1.19 0.01 0.94 0.01
700 7.45 1.11 4.39 0.31 2.83 0.11 2.01 0.05 1.67 0.03 1.28 0.02 1.01 0.01
750 7.98 1.26 4.71 0.35 3.03 0.12 2.15 0.05 1.79 0.03 1.37 0.02 1.08 0.01
800 8.51 1.42 5.02 0.39 3.23 0.13 2.30 0.06 1.91 0.04 1.46 0.02 1.15 0.01
850 9.04 1.59 5.33 0.44 3.43 0.15 2.44 0.07 2.02 0.04 1.55 0.02 1.22 0.01
900 5.65 0.49 3.64 0.17 2.59 0.07 2.14 0.05 1.64 0.02 1.30 0.01
950 5.96 0.54 3.84 0.19 2.73 0.08 2.26 0.05 1.73 0.03 1.37 0.02
1000 6.28 0.59 4.04 0.20 2.87 0.09 2.38 0.06 1.82 0.03 1.44 0.02
1050 6.59 0.65 4.24 0.22 3.02 0.10 2.50 0.06 1.92 0.03 1.51 0.02
1100 6.90 0.71 4.45 0.24 3.16 0.11 2.62 0.07 2.01 0.04 1.59 0.02
1150 4.65 0.26 3.30 0.11 2.74 0.07 2.10 0.04 1.66 0.02
1200 4.85 0.29 3.45 0.12 2.86 0.08 2.19 0.04 1.73 0.02
1250 5.05 0.31 3.59 0.13 2.98 0.09 2.28 0.04 1.80 0.03
1300 5.25 0.33 3.73 0.14 3.10 0.09 2.37 0.05 1.87 0.03
1350 5.46 0.36 3.88 0.15 3.22 0.10 2.46 0.05 1.95 0.03
1400 5.66 0.38 4.02 0.17 3.33 0.10 2.55 0.05 2.02 0.03
1450 5.86 0.41 4.17 0.18 3.45 0.11 2.64 0.06 2.09 0.03
1500 6.06 0.43 4.31 0.19 3.57 0.12 2.74 0.06 2.16 0.04
1600 6.47 0.49 4.60 0.21 3.81 0.13 2.92 0.07 2.31 0.04
1700 6.87 0.54 4.88 0.24 4.05 0.15 3.10 0.08 2.45 0.04
1800 5.17 0.26 4.29 0.17 3.28 0.09 2.59 0.05
1900 5.46 0.29 4.53 0.18 3.47 0.10 2.74 0.05
2000 5.74 0.32 4.76 0.20 3.65 0.11 2.88 0.06
2100 6.03 0.35 5.00 0.22 3.83 0.12 3.03 0.07
2200 6.32 0.38 5.24 0.24 4.01 0.13 3.17 0.07
2300 6.61 0.42 5.48 0.26 4.20 0.14 3.31 0.08
2400 6.89 0.45 5.72 0.28 4.38 0.15 3.46 0.08
2500 7.18 0.48 5.95 0.31 4.56 0.16 3.60 0.09
2600 7.47 0.52 6.19 0.33 4.74 0.17 3.75 0.10
2700 7.76 0.56 6.43 0.35 4.92 0.19 3.89 0.10
2800 8.04 0.60 6.67 0.38 5.11 0.20 4.04 0.11
2900 8.33 0.64 6.91 0.40 5.29 0.21 4.18 0.12
3000 8.62 0.68 7.15 0.43 5.47 0.22 4.32 0.13
3100 8.90 0.72 7.38 0.46 5.65 0.24 4.47 0.13
3200 9.19 0.77 7.62 0.49 5.84 0.25 4.61 0.14
3300 7.86 0.51 6.02 0.27 4.76 0.15
3400 8.10 0.54 6.20 0.28 4.90 0.16
3500 8.34 0.57 6.38 0.30 5.04 0.17
3600 8.57 0.60 6.57 0.32 5.19 0.18
3700 8.81 0.63 6.75 0.33 5.33 0.19
3800 6.93 0.35 5.48 0.20
3900 7.11 0.37 5.62 0.21
4000 7.30 0.38 5.76 0.22
4100 7.48 0.40 5.91 0.23
4200 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 7.66 0.42 6.05 0.24
4300 Use with caution. 6.20 0.25
4400 6.34 0.26
4500 6.49 0.27
4600 6.63 0.28
4700 6.77 0.29

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 99

50 FOOT HEAD  PLASTIC IRRIGATION
Irrigation PIPE
Association Friction (PIP)
Loss Chart 2008

ANSI/ASAE S376.2  C=150  50 Foot

Water Head Plastic
Temperature 73˚ F Irrigation Pipe (PIP)
ANSI / ASAE S376.2 C=150 Water temperature 73° F
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe

Nominal
Size 4" 6" 8" 10" 12" 15"
Avg. ID 3.984 5.980 7.980 9.980 11.980 14.980
Pipe OD 4.134 6.140 8.160 10.200 12.240 15.300
Avg.Wall 0.075 0.080 0.090 0.110 0.130 0.160
Min.Wall 0.065 0.070 0.080 0.100 0.120 0.150
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
25 0.64 0.02 0.29 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.07 0.00
50 1.29 0.07 0.57 0.01 0.32 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.09 0.00
75 1.93 0.15 0.86 0.02 0.48 0.01 0.31 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.14 0.00
100 2.57 0.26 1.14 0.04 0.64 0.01 0.41 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.18 0.00
125 3.21 0.39 1.43 0.05 0.80 0.01 0.51 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.23 0.00
150 3.86 0.55 1.71 0.08 0.96 0.02 0.61 0.01 0.43 0.00 0.27 0.00
175 4.50 0.73 2.00 0.10 1.12 0.02 0.72 0.01 0.50 0.00 0.32 0.00
200 5.14 0.93 2.28 0.13 1.28 0.03 0.82 0.01 0.57 0.00 0.36 0.00
225 5.78 1.16 2.57 0.16 1.44 0.04 0.92 0.01 0.64 0.01 0.41 0.00
250 6.43 1.41 2.85 0.20 1.60 0.05 1.02 0.02 0.71 0.01 0.45 0.00
275 7.07 1.68 3.14 0.23 1.76 0.06 1.13 0.02 0.78 0.01 0.50 0.00
300 7.71 1.97 3.42 0.27 1.92 0.07 1.23 0.02 0.85 0.01 0.55 0.00
325 8.35 2.29 3.71 0.32 2.08 0.08 1.33 0.03 0.92 0.01 0.59 0.00
350 9.00 2.63 3.99 0.36 2.24 0.09 1.43 0.03 0.99 0.01 0.64 0.00
375 9.64 2.99 4.28 0.41 2.40 0.10 1.54 0.03 1.07 0.01 0.68 0.00
400 4.56 0.47 2.56 0.11 1.64 0.04 1.14 0.02 0.73 0.01
425 4.85 0.52 2.72 0.13 1.74 0.04 1.21 0.02 0.77 0.01
450 5.13 0.58 2.88 0.14 1.84 0.05 1.28 0.02 0.82 0.01
475 5.42 0.64 3.04 0.16 1.95 0.05 1.35 0.02 0.86 0.01
500 5.70 0.70 3.20 0.17 2.05 0.06 1.42 0.02 0.91 0.01
550 6.28 0.84 3.52 0.21 2.25 0.07 1.56 0.03 1.00 0.01
600 6.85 0.99 3.84 0.24 2.46 0.08 1.71 0.03 1.09 0.01
650 7.42 1.15 4.16 0.28 2.66 0.09 1.85 0.04 1.18 0.01
700 7.99 1.31 4.48 0.32 2.87 0.11 1.99 0.04 1.27 0.02
750 8.56 1.49 4.81 0.37 3.07 0.12 2.13 0.05 1.36 0.02
800 5.13 0.41 3.28 0.14 2.27 0.06 1.45 0.02
850 5.45 0.46 3.48 0.16 2.42 0.06 1.55 0.02
900 5.77 0.51 3.69 0.17 2.56 0.07 1.64 0.02
950 6.09 0.57 3.89 0.19 2.70 0.08 1.73 0.03
1000 6.41 0.63 4.10 0.21 2.84 0.09 1.82 0.03
1100 7.05 0.75 4.51 0.25 3.13 0.10 2.00 0.03
1200 7.69 0.88 4.92 0.30 3.41 0.12 2.18 0.04
1300 8.33 1.02 5.33 0.34 3.70 0.14 2.36 0.05
1400 8.97 1.17 5.73 0.39 3.98 0.16 2.55 0.05
1500 6.14 0.45 4.26 0.18 2.73 0.06
1600 6.55 0.50 4.55 0.21 2.91 0.07
1700 6.96 0.56 4.83 0.23 3.09 0.08
1800 7.37 0.63 5.12 0.26 3.27 0.09
1900 7.78 0.69 5.40 0.28 3.45 0.10
2000 8.19 0.76 5.69 0.31 3.64 0.11
2100 5.97 0.34 3.82 0.12
2200 6.25 0.37 4.00 0.13
2300 6.54 0.40 4.18 0.14
2400 6.82 0.44 4.36 0.15
2500 7.11 0.47 4.55 0.16
2600 7.39 0.51 4.73 0.17
2700 7.68 0.54 4.91 0.18
2800 7.96 0.58 5.09 0.20
2900 8.24 0.62 5.27 0.21
3000 8.53 0.66 5.45 0.22
3200 5.82 0.25
3400 6.18 0.28
3600 6.55 0.31
3800 6.91 0.35
4000 7.27 0.38
4200 7.64 0.42
4400 8.00 0.45
4600 8.36 0.49
4800 8.73 0.53
5000 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 9.09 0.57
5200 Use with caution.
5400
5600
5800
6000

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 100

100 FOOT HEAD  PLASTIC IRRIGATION PIPE (PIP)
Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
100 Foot
ANSI/ASAE S376.2  C=150  Water Temperature 73˚ FHead Plastic Irrigation Pipe (PIP)
ANSI / ASAE S376.2 C=150 Water temperature 73° F
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe

Nominal
Size 6" 8" 10" 12" 15" 18" 21" 24"
Avg. ID 5.980 7.966 9.962 11.958 14.952 18.277 21.547 24.239
Pipe OD 6.140 8.160 10.200 12.240 15.300 18.701 22.047 24.803
Avg.Wall 0.080 0.097 0.119 0.141 0.174 0.212 0.250 0.282
Min.Wall 0.070 0.087 0.109 0.131 0.016 0.200 0.236 0.266
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
25 0.29 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.05 0.00
50 0.57 0.01 0.32 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.06 0.00
75 0.86 0.02 0.48 0.01 0.31 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.09 0.00
100 1.14 0.04 0.64 0.01 0.41 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.07 0.00
125 1.43 0.05 0.80 0.01 0.51 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.09 0.00
150 1.71 0.08 0.96 0.02 0.62 0.01 0.43 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.10 0.00
175 2.00 0.10 1.13 0.02 0.72 0.01 0.50 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.12 0.00
200 2.28 0.13 1.29 0.03 0.82 0.01 0.57 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.14 0.00
225 2.57 0.16 1.45 0.04 0.93 0.01 0.64 0.01 0.41 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.16 0.00
250 2.85 0.20 1.61 0.05 1.03 0.02 0.71 0.01 0.46 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.17 0.00
275 3.14 0.23 1.77 0.06 1.13 0.02 0.78 0.01 0.50 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.19 0.00
300 3.42 0.27 1.93 0.07 1.23 0.02 0.86 0.01 0.55 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.21 0.00
325 3.71 0.32 2.09 0.08 1.34 0.03 0.93 0.01 0.59 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.23 0.00
350 3.99 0.36 2.25 0.09 1.44 0.03 1.00 0.01 0.64 0.00 0.43 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.24 0.00
375 4.28 0.41 2.41 0.10 1.54 0.03 1.07 0.01 0.68 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.26 0.00
400 4.56 0.47 2.57 0.12 1.64 0.04 1.14 0.02 0.73 0.01 0.49 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.28 0.00
425 4.85 0.52 2.73 0.13 1.75 0.04 1.21 0.02 0.78 0.01 0.52 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.30 0.00
450 5.13 0.58 2.89 0.14 1.85 0.05 1.28 0.02 0.82 0.01 0.55 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.31 0.00
475 5.42 0.64 3.05 0.16 1.95 0.05 1.36 0.02 0.87 0.01 0.58 0.00 0.42 0.00 0.33 0.00
500 5.70 0.70 3.21 0.17 2.06 0.06 1.43 0.02 0.91 0.01 0.61 0.00 0.44 0.00 0.35 0.00
550 6.28 0.84 3.54 0.21 2.26 0.07 1.57 0.03 1.00 0.01 0.67 0.00 0.48 0.00 0.38 0.00
600 6.85 0.99 3.86 0.24 2.47 0.08 1.71 0.03 1.09 0.01 0.73 0.00 0.53 0.00 0.42 0.00
650 7.42 1.15 4.18 0.28 2.67 0.10 1.85 0.04 1.19 0.01 0.79 0.00 0.57 0.00 0.45 0.00
700 7.99 1.31 4.50 0.33 2.88 0.11 2.00 0.05 1.28 0.02 0.85 0.01 0.62 0.00 0.49 0.00
750 8.56 1.49 4.82 0.37 3.08 0.12 2.14 0.05 1.37 0.02 0.92 0.01 0.66 0.00 0.52 0.00
800 5.14 0.42 3.29 0.14 2.28 0.06 1.46 0.02 0.98 0.01 0.70 0.00 0.56 0.00
850 5.47 0.47 3.49 0.16 2.43 0.06 1.55 0.02 1.04 0.01 0.75 0.00 0.59 0.00
900 5.79 0.52 3.70 0.17 2.57 0.07 1.64 0.02 1.10 0.01 0.79 0.00 0.62 0.00
950 6.11 0.57 3.91 0.19 2.71 0.08 1.73 0.03 1.16 0.01 0.83 0.00 0.66 0.00
1000 6.43 0.63 4.11 0.21 2.85 0.09 1.82 0.03 1.22 0.01 0.88 0.00 0.69 0.00
1100 7.07 0.75 4.52 0.25 3.14 0.10 2.01 0.04 1.34 0.01 0.97 0.01 0.76 0.00
1200 7.72 0.88 4.93 0.30 3.42 0.12 2.19 0.04 1.47 0.02 1.05 0.01 0.83 0.00
1300 8.36 1.02 5.34 0.35 3.71 0.14 2.37 0.05 1.59 0.02 1.14 0.01 0.90 0.00
1400 9.00 1.18 5.76 0.40 3.99 0.16 2.55 0.05 1.71 0.02 1.23 0.01 0.97 0.01
1500 6.17 0.45 4.28 0.19 2.74 0.06 1.83 0.02 1.32 0.01 1.04 0.01
1600 6.58 0.51 4.57 0.21 2.92 0.07 1.95 0.03 1.41 0.01 1.11 0.01
1700 6.99 0.57 4.85 0.23 3.10 0.08 2.08 0.03 1.49 0.01 1.18 0.01
1800 7.40 0.63 5.14 0.26 3.28 0.09 2.20 0.03 1.58 0.01 1.25 0.01
1900 7.81 0.70 5.42 0.29 3.47 0.10 2.32 0.04 1.67 0.02 1.32 0.01
2000 8.22 0.77 5.71 0.32 3.65 0.11 2.44 0.04 1.76 0.02 1.39 0.01
2100 5.99 0.35 3.83 0.12 2.56 0.04 1.85 0.02 1.46 0.01
2200 6.28 0.38 4.01 0.13 2.69 0.05 1.93 0.02 1.53 0.01
2300 6.56 0.41 4.20 0.14 2.81 0.05 2.02 0.02 1.60 0.01
2400 6.85 0.44 4.38 0.15 2.93 0.06 2.11 0.03 1.67 0.01
2500 7.13 0.48 4.56 0.16 3.05 0.06 2.20 0.03 1.74 0.02
2600 7.42 0.51 4.74 0.17 3.18 0.07 2.28 0.03 1.81 0.02
2700 7.70 0.55 4.93 0.19 3.30 0.07 2.37 0.03 1.87 0.02
2800 7.99 0.59 5.11 0.20 3.42 0.07 2.46 0.03 1.94 0.02
2900 8.27 0.63 5.29 0.21 3.54 0.08 2.55 0.04 2.01 0.02
3000 8.56 0.67 5.47 0.23 3.66 0.08 2.64 0.04 2.08 0.02
3200 5.84 0.25 3.91 0.10 2.81 0.04 2.22 0.02
3400 6.20 0.28 4.15 0.11 2.99 0.05 2.36 0.03
3600 6.57 0.32 4.40 0.12 3.16 0.05 2.50 0.03
3800 6.93 0.35 4.64 0.13 3.34 0.06 2.64 0.03
4000 7.30 0.38 4.89 0.14 3.52 0.06 2.78 0.04
4200 5.13 0.16 3.69 0.07 2.92 0.04
4400 5.37 0.17 3.87 0.08 3.06 0.04
4600 5.62 0.19 4.04 0.08 3.19 0.05
4800 5.86 0.20 4.22 0.09 3.33 0.05
5000 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 6.11 0.22 4.39 0.10 3.47 0.06
5200 Use with caution. 4.57 0.11 3.61 0.06
5400 4.75 0.11 3.75 0.06
5600 4.92 0.12 3.89 0.07
5800 5.10 0.13 4.03 0.07
6000 5.27 0.14 4.17 0.08

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 101

SDR-81  50 PSI  PLASTIC IRRIGATION PIPE (PIP)
Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
SDR-81
ANSI/ASAE S376.2  C=150  Water Temerature 73˚50
F PSI Plastic Irrigation Pipe (PIP)
ANSI / ASAE S376.2 C=150 Water temperature 73° F
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe

Nominal
Size 6" 8" 10" 12" 15" 18" 21" 24"
Avg. ID 5.968 7.938 9.928 11.918 14.898 18.211 21.469 24.153
Pipe OD 6.140 8.160 10.200 12.240 15.300 18.701 22.047 24.803
Avg.Wall 0.086 0.111 0.136 0.161 0.201 0.245 0.289 0.325
Min.Wall 0.076 0.101 0.126 0.151 0.189 0.231 0.272 0.306
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
25 0.29 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.05 0.00
50 0.57 0.01 0.32 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.06 0.00
75 0.86 0.02 0.49 0.01 0.31 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.09 0.00
100 1.15 0.04 0.65 0.01 0.41 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.07 0.00
125 1.43 0.05 0.81 0.01 0.52 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.09 0.00
150 1.72 0.08 0.97 0.02 0.62 0.01 0.43 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.10 0.00
175 2.00 0.10 1.13 0.03 0.72 0.01 0.50 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.12 0.00
200 2.29 0.13 1.29 0.03 0.83 0.01 0.57 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.14 0.00
225 2.58 0.16 1.46 0.04 0.93 0.01 0.65 0.01 0.41 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.16 0.00
250 2.86 0.20 1.62 0.05 1.03 0.02 0.72 0.01 0.46 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.17 0.00
275 3.15 0.24 1.78 0.06 1.14 0.02 0.79 0.01 0.51 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.19 0.00
300 3.44 0.28 1.94 0.07 1.24 0.02 0.86 0.01 0.55 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.21 0.00
325 3.72 0.32 2.10 0.08 1.35 0.03 0.93 0.01 0.60 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.23 0.00
350 4.01 0.37 2.27 0.09 1.45 0.03 1.01 0.01 0.64 0.00 0.43 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.24 0.00
375 4.30 0.42 2.43 0.10 1.55 0.04 1.08 0.01 0.69 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.26 0.00
400 4.58 0.47 2.59 0.12 1.66 0.04 1.15 0.02 0.74 0.01 0.49 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.28 0.00
425 4.87 0.53 2.75 0.13 1.76 0.04 1.22 0.02 0.78 0.01 0.52 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.30 0.00
450 5.15 0.59 2.91 0.15 1.86 0.05 1.29 0.02 0.83 0.01 0.55 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.31 0.00
475 5.44 0.65 3.08 0.16 1.97 0.05 1.36 0.02 0.87 0.01 0.58 0.00 0.42 0.00 0.33 0.00
500 5.73 0.71 3.24 0.18 2.07 0.06 1.44 0.02 0.92 0.01 0.62 0.00 0.44 0.00 0.35 0.00
550 6.30 0.85 3.56 0.21 2.28 0.07 1.58 0.03 1.01 0.01 0.68 0.00 0.49 0.00 0.38 0.00
600 6.87 1.00 3.88 0.25 2.48 0.08 1.72 0.03 1.10 0.01 0.74 0.00 0.53 0.00 0.42 0.00
650 7.45 1.16 4.21 0.29 2.69 0.10 1.87 0.04 1.19 0.01 0.80 0.01 0.58 0.00 0.45 0.00
700 8.02 1.33 4.53 0.33 2.90 0.11 2.01 0.05 1.29 0.02 0.86 0.01 0.62 0.00 0.49 0.00
750 8.59 1.51 4.86 0.38 3.10 0.13 2.15 0.05 1.38 0.02 0.92 0.01 0.66 0.00 0.52 0.00
800 5.18 0.42 3.31 0.14 2.30 0.06 1.47 0.02 0.98 0.01 0.71 0.00 0.56 0.00
850 5.50 0.47 3.52 0.16 2.44 0.07 1.56 0.02 1.05 0.01 0.75 0.00 0.59 0.00
900 5.83 0.53 3.73 0.18 2.59 0.07 1.65 0.02 1.11 0.01 0.80 0.00 0.63 0.00
950 6.15 0.58 3.93 0.20 2.73 0.08 1.75 0.03 1.17 0.01 0.84 0.00 0.66 0.00
1000 6.47 0.64 4.14 0.22 2.87 0.09 1.84 0.03 1.23 0.01 0.89 0.01 0.70 0.00
1100 7.12 0.77 4.55 0.26 3.16 0.11 2.02 0.04 1.35 0.01 0.97 0.01 0.77 0.00
1200 7.77 0.90 4.97 0.30 3.45 0.12 2.21 0.04 1.48 0.02 1.06 0.01 0.84 0.00
1300 8.42 1.04 5.38 0.35 3.73 0.14 2.39 0.05 1.60 0.02 1.15 0.01 0.91 0.00
1400 9.06 1.20 5.80 0.40 4.02 0.17 2.57 0.06 1.72 0.02 1.24 0.01 0.98 0.01
1500 6.21 0.46 4.31 0.19 2.76 0.06 1.85 0.02 1.33 0.01 1.05 0.01
1600 6.62 0.52 4.60 0.21 2.94 0.07 1.97 0.03 1.42 0.01 1.12 0.01
1700 7.04 0.58 4.88 0.24 3.13 0.08 2.09 0.03 1.50 0.01 1.19 0.01
1800 7.45 0.64 5.17 0.26 3.31 0.09 2.21 0.03 1.59 0.02 1.26 0.01
1900 7.86 0.71 5.46 0.29 3.49 0.10 2.34 0.04 1.68 0.02 1.33 0.01
2000 8.28 0.78 5.74 0.32 3.68 0.11 2.46 0.04 1.77 0.02 1.40 0.01
2100 6.03 0.35 3.86 0.12 2.58 0.04 1.86 0.02 1.47 0.01
2200 6.32 0.38 4.04 0.13 2.71 0.05 1.95 0.02 1.54 0.01
2300 6.61 0.42 4.23 0.14 2.83 0.05 2.04 0.02 1.61 0.01
2400 6.89 0.45 4.41 0.15 2.95 0.06 2.12 0.03 1.68 0.01
2500 7.18 0.48 4.60 0.16 3.08 0.06 2.21 0.03 1.75 0.02
2600 7.47 0.52 4.78 0.18 3.20 0.07 2.30 0.03 1.82 0.02
2700 7.76 0.56 4.96 0.19 3.32 0.07 2.39 0.03 1.89 0.02
2800 8.04 0.60 5.15 0.20 3.44 0.08 2.48 0.03 1.96 0.02
2900 8.33 0.64 5.33 0.22 3.57 0.08 2.57 0.04 2.03 0.02
3000 8.62 0.68 5.51 0.23 3.69 0.09 2.66 0.04 2.10 0.02
3200 5.88 0.26 3.94 0.10 2.83 0.04 2.24 0.02
3400 6.25 0.29 4.18 0.11 3.01 0.05 2.38 0.03
3600 6.62 0.32 4.43 0.12 3.19 0.05 2.52 0.03
3800 6.99 0.36 4.67 0.13 3.36 0.06 2.66 0.03
4000 7.35 0.39 4.92 0.15 3.54 0.07 2.80 0.04
4200 5.17 0.16 3.72 0.07 2.94 0.04
4400 5.41 0.18 3.89 0.08 3.08 0.04
4600 5.66 0.19 4.07 0.09 3.22 0.05
4800 5.91 0.21 4.25 0.09 3.36 0.05
5000 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 6.15 0.22 4.43 0.10 3.50 0.06
5200 Use with caution. 4.60 0.11 3.64 0.06
5400 4.78 0.12 3.78 0.06
5600 4.96 0.12 3.92 0.07
5800 5.13 0.13 4.06 0.07
6000 5.31 0.14 4.20 0.08

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 102

 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
SDR-51 80 PSIPIPE
SDR-51  80 PSI  PLASTIC IRRIGATION Plastic Irrigation Pipe (PIP)
(PIP)
ANSI / ASAE S376.2 C=150 Water temperature 73° F
ANSI/ASAE S376.2  C=150  Water Temerature 73˚PSI
F Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 6" 8" 10" 12" 15" 18" 21" 24"
Avg. ID 5.880 7.820 9.776 11.730 14.658 17.917 21.123 23.763
Pipe OD 6.140 8.160 10.200 12.240 15.300 18.701 22.047 24.803
Avg.Wall 0.130 0.170 0.212 0.255 0.321 0.392 0.462 0.520
Min.Wall 0.120 0.160 0.200 0.240 0.300 0.366 0.432 0.486
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
25 0.30 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.05 0.00
50 0.59 0.01 0.33 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.06 0.00
75 0.89 0.02 0.50 0.01 0.32 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.10 0.00
100 1.18 0.04 0.67 0.01 0.43 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.07 0.00
125 1.48 0.06 0.83 0.01 0.53 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.09 0.00
150 1.77 0.08 1.00 0.02 0.64 0.01 0.44 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.11 0.00
175 2.07 0.11 1.17 0.03 0.75 0.01 0.52 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.13 0.00
200 2.36 0.14 1.33 0.04 0.85 0.01 0.59 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.14 0.00
225 2.66 0.17 1.50 0.04 0.96 0.01 0.67 0.01 0.43 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.16 0.00
250 2.95 0.21 1.67 0.05 1.07 0.02 0.74 0.01 0.47 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.18 0.00
275 3.25 0.25 1.83 0.06 1.17 0.02 0.82 0.01 0.52 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.20 0.00
300 3.54 0.30 2.00 0.07 1.28 0.03 0.89 0.01 0.57 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.22 0.00
325 3.84 0.34 2.17 0.09 1.39 0.03 0.96 0.01 0.62 0.00 0.41 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.23 0.00
350 4.13 0.40 2.34 0.10 1.49 0.03 1.04 0.01 0.66 0.00 0.44 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.25 0.00
375 4.43 0.45 2.50 0.11 1.60 0.04 1.11 0.02 0.71 0.01 0.48 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.27 0.00
400 4.72 0.51 2.67 0.13 1.71 0.04 1.19 0.02 0.76 0.01 0.51 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.29 0.00
425 5.02 0.57 2.84 0.14 1.81 0.05 1.26 0.02 0.81 0.01 0.54 0.00 0.39 0.00 0.31 0.00
450 5.31 0.63 3.00 0.16 1.92 0.05 1.33 0.02 0.85 0.01 0.57 0.00 0.41 0.00 0.33 0.00
475 5.61 0.70 3.17 0.17 2.03 0.06 1.41 0.02 0.90 0.01 0.60 0.00 0.43 0.00 0.34 0.00
500 5.90 0.77 3.34 0.19 2.13 0.06 1.48 0.03 0.95 0.01 0.64 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.36 0.00
550 6.49 0.91 3.67 0.23 2.35 0.08 1.63 0.03 1.04 0.01 0.70 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.40 0.00
600 7.08 1.07 4.00 0.27 2.56 0.09 1.78 0.04 1.14 0.01 0.76 0.00 0.55 0.00 0.43 0.00
650 7.67 1.24 4.34 0.31 2.77 0.10 1.93 0.04 1.23 0.01 0.83 0.01 0.59 0.00 0.47 0.00
700 8.26 1.43 4.67 0.36 2.99 0.12 2.08 0.05 1.33 0.02 0.89 0.01 0.64 0.00 0.51 0.00
750 8.85 1.62 5.00 0.40 3.20 0.14 2.22 0.06 1.42 0.02 0.95 0.01 0.69 0.00 0.54 0.00
800 5.34 0.46 3.42 0.15 2.37 0.06 1.52 0.02 1.02 0.01 0.73 0.00 0.58 0.00
850 5.67 0.51 3.63 0.17 2.52 0.07 1.61 0.02 1.08 0.01 0.78 0.00 0.61 0.00
900 6.00 0.57 3.84 0.19 2.67 0.08 1.71 0.03 1.14 0.01 0.82 0.00 0.65 0.00
950 6.34 0.63 4.06 0.21 2.82 0.09 1.80 0.03 1.21 0.01 0.87 0.00 0.69 0.00
1000 6.67 0.69 4.27 0.23 2.97 0.10 1.90 0.03 1.27 0.01 0.91 0.01 0.72 0.00
1100 7.34 0.82 4.70 0.28 3.26 0.11 2.09 0.04 1.40 0.01 1.01 0.01 0.79 0.00
1200 8.01 0.97 5.12 0.33 3.56 0.13 2.28 0.05 1.53 0.02 1.10 0.01 0.87 0.00
1300 8.67 1.12 5.55 0.38 3.85 0.16 2.47 0.05 1.65 0.02 1.19 0.01 0.94 0.01
1400 9.34 1.29 5.98 0.43 4.15 0.18 2.66 0.06 1.78 0.02 1.28 0.01 1.01 0.01
1500 6.40 0.49 4.45 0.20 2.85 0.07 1.91 0.03 1.37 0.01 1.08 0.01
1600 6.83 0.56 4.74 0.23 3.04 0.08 2.03 0.03 1.46 0.01 1.16 0.01
1700 7.26 0.62 5.04 0.26 3.23 0.09 2.16 0.03 1.55 0.01 1.23 0.01
1800 7.68 0.69 5.34 0.28 3.42 0.10 2.29 0.04 1.65 0.02 1.30 0.01
1900 8.11 0.76 5.63 0.31 3.61 0.11 2.41 0.04 1.74 0.02 1.37 0.01
2000 8.54 0.84 5.93 0.35 3.80 0.12 2.54 0.04 1.83 0.02 1.45 0.01
2200 6.52 0.41 4.18 0.14 2.80 0.05 2.01 0.02 1.59 0.01
2400 7.12 0.49 4.56 0.16 3.05 0.06 2.19 0.03 1.73 0.02
2600 7.71 0.56 4.94 0.19 3.30 0.07 2.38 0.03 1.88 0.02
2800 8.30 0.65 5.32 0.22 3.56 0.08 2.56 0.04 2.02 0.02
3000 8.90 0.73 5.70 0.25 3.81 0.09 2.74 0.04 2.17 0.02
3200 9.49 0.83 6.08 0.28 4.07 0.11 2.93 0.05 2.31 0.03
3400 10.08 0.93 6.46 0.31 4.32 0.12 3.11 0.05 2.46 0.03
3600 10.67 1.03 6.84 0.35 4.58 0.13 3.29 0.06 2.60 0.03
3800 11.27 1.14 7.22 0.38 4.83 0.14 3.47 0.06 2.75 0.04
4000 11.86 1.25 7.60 0.42 5.08 0.16 3.66 0.07 2.89 0.04
4200 7.98 0.46 5.34 0.17 3.84 0.08 3.03 0.04
4400 8.36 0.50 5.59 0.19 4.02 0.09 3.18 0.05
4600 8.74 0.55 5.85 0.21 4.21 0.09 3.32 0.05
4800 9.11 0.59 6.10 0.22 4.39 0.10 3.47 0.06
5000 9.49 0.64 6.35 0.24 4.57 0.11 3.61 0.06
5200 6.61 0.26 4.76 0.12 3.76 0.07
5400 6.86 0.28 4.94 0.12 3.90 0.07
5600 7.12 0.30 5.12 0.13 4.05 0.08
5800 7.37 0.32 5.30 0.14 4.19 0.08
6000 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 7.63 0.34 5.49 0.15 4.34 0.09
6200 Use with caution. 5.67 0.16 4.48 0.09
6400 5.85 0.17 4.62 0.10
6600 6.04 0.18 4.77 0.10
6800 6.22 0.19 4.91 0.11
7000 6.40 0.20 5.06 0.11

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 103

 SDR-41  100 PSI  PLASTIC IRRIGATION PIPE (PIP)
ANSI/ASAE S376.2  C=150  Water Temperature 73˚ F
Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe SDR-41 100 PSI Plastic Irrigation Pipe (PIP)
ANSI / ASAE S376.2 C=150 Water temperature 73° F
Nominal PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
Size 6" 8" 10" 12" 15" 18" 21" 24"
Avg. ID 5.820 7.738 9.690 11.606 14.502 17.725 20.915 23.507
Pipe OD 6.140 8.160 10.200 12.240 15.300 18.701 22.047 24.803
Avg.Wall 0.160 0.211 0.255 0.317 0.399 0.488 0.566 0.648
Min.Wall 0.150 0.199 0.240 0.299 0.373 0.456 0.538 0.605
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
25 0.30 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.05 0.00
50 0.60 0.01 0.34 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.06 0.00
75 0.90 0.02 0.51 0.01 0.33 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.10 0.00
100 1.20 0.04 0.68 0.01 0.43 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.07 0.00
125 1.51 0.06 0.85 0.02 0.54 0.01 0.38 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.09 0.00
150 1.81 0.09 1.02 0.02 0.65 0.01 0.45 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.11 0.00
175 2.11 0.12 1.19 0.03 0.76 0.01 0.53 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.13 0.00
200 2.41 0.15 1.36 0.04 0.87 0.01 0.61 0.01 0.39 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.15 0.00
225 2.71 0.18 1.53 0.05 0.98 0.02 0.68 0.01 0.44 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.17 0.00
250 3.01 0.22 1.70 0.06 1.09 0.02 0.76 0.01 0.49 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.18 0.00
275 3.31 0.27 1.87 0.07 1.19 0.02 0.83 0.01 0.53 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.20 0.00
300 3.61 0.31 2.04 0.08 1.30 0.03 0.91 0.01 0.58 0.00 0.39 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.22 0.00
325 3.91 0.36 2.21 0.09 1.41 0.03 0.98 0.01 0.63 0.00 0.42 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.24 0.00
350 4.22 0.42 2.38 0.10 1.52 0.03 1.06 0.01 0.68 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.26 0.00
375 4.52 0.47 2.56 0.12 1.63 0.04 1.14 0.02 0.73 0.01 0.49 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.28 0.00
400 4.82 0.53 2.73 0.13 1.74 0.04 1.21 0.02 0.78 0.01 0.52 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.30 0.00
425 5.12 0.60 2.90 0.15 1.85 0.05 1.29 0.02 0.82 0.01 0.55 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.31 0.00
450 5.42 0.66 3.07 0.17 1.96 0.06 1.36 0.02 0.87 0.01 0.58 0.00 0.42 0.00 0.33 0.00
475 5.72 0.73 3.24 0.18 2.06 0.06 1.44 0.03 0.92 0.01 0.62 0.00 0.44 0.00 0.35 0.00
500 6.02 0.80 3.41 0.20 2.17 0.07 1.51 0.03 0.97 0.01 0.65 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.37 0.00
550 6.62 0.96 3.75 0.24 2.39 0.08 1.67 0.03 1.07 0.01 0.71 0.00 0.51 0.00 0.41 0.00
600 7.23 1.13 4.09 0.28 2.61 0.09 1.82 0.04 1.16 0.01 0.78 0.00 0.56 0.00 0.44 0.00
650 7.83 1.31 4.43 0.33 2.82 0.11 1.97 0.05 1.26 0.02 0.84 0.01 0.61 0.00 0.48 0.00
700 8.43 1.50 4.77 0.38 3.04 0.13 2.12 0.05 1.36 0.02 0.91 0.01 0.65 0.00 0.52 0.00
750 9.03 1.70 5.11 0.43 3.26 0.14 2.27 0.06 1.46 0.02 0.97 0.01 0.70 0.00 0.55 0.00
800 5.45 0.48 3.48 0.16 2.42 0.07 1.55 0.02 1.04 0.01 0.75 0.00 0.59 0.00
850 5.79 0.54 3.69 0.18 2.57 0.07 1.65 0.03 1.10 0.01 0.79 0.00 0.63 0.00
900 6.13 0.60 3.91 0.20 2.73 0.08 1.75 0.03 1.17 0.01 0.84 0.00 0.66 0.00
950 6.47 0.66 4.13 0.22 2.88 0.09 1.84 0.03 1.23 0.01 0.89 0.01 0.70 0.00
1000 6.81 0.73 4.35 0.24 3.03 0.10 1.94 0.03 1.30 0.01 0.93 0.01 0.74 0.00
1100 7.50 0.87 4.78 0.29 3.33 0.12 2.13 0.04 1.43 0.02 1.03 0.01 0.81 0.00
1200 8.18 1.02 5.21 0.34 3.63 0.14 2.33 0.05 1.56 0.02 1.12 0.01 0.89 0.00
1300 8.86 1.18 5.65 0.40 3.94 0.16 2.52 0.06 1.69 0.02 1.21 0.01 0.96 0.01
1400 9.54 1.35 6.08 0.45 4.24 0.19 2.72 0.06 1.82 0.02 1.31 0.01 1.03 0.01
1500 6.52 0.51 4.54 0.21 2.91 0.07 1.95 0.03 1.40 0.01 1.11 0.01
1600 6.95 0.58 4.85 0.24 3.10 0.08 2.08 0.03 1.49 0.01 1.18 0.01
1700 7.39 0.65 5.15 0.27 3.30 0.09 2.21 0.03 1.59 0.02 1.26 0.01
1800 7.82 0.72 5.45 0.30 3.49 0.10 2.34 0.04 1.68 0.02 1.33 0.01
1900 8.26 0.80 5.76 0.33 3.69 0.11 2.47 0.04 1.77 0.02 1.40 0.01
2000 8.69 0.88 6.06 0.36 3.88 0.12 2.60 0.05 1.87 0.02 1.48 0.01
2200 6.66 0.43 4.27 0.15 2.86 0.06 2.05 0.02 1.62 0.01
2400 7.27 0.51 4.66 0.17 3.12 0.07 2.24 0.03 1.77 0.02
2600 7.88 0.59 5.04 0.20 3.38 0.08 2.43 0.03 1.92 0.02
2800 8.48 0.68 5.43 0.23 3.64 0.09 2.61 0.04 2.07 0.02
3000 9.09 0.77 5.82 0.26 3.90 0.10 2.80 0.04 2.22 0.02
3200 9.69 0.87 6.21 0.29 4.16 0.11 2.98 0.05 2.36 0.03
3400 10.30 0.97 6.60 0.33 4.42 0.12 3.17 0.06 2.51 0.03
3600 10.90 1.08 6.98 0.37 4.68 0.14 3.36 0.06 2.66 0.03
3800 11.51 1.20 7.37 0.40 4.93 0.15 3.54 0.07 2.81 0.04
4000 12.12 1.32 7.76 0.45 5.19 0.17 3.73 0.07 2.95 0.04
4200 8.15 0.49 5.45 0.18 3.92 0.08 3.10 0.05
4400 8.54 0.53 5.71 0.20 4.10 0.09 3.25 0.05
4600 8.92 0.58 5.97 0.22 4.29 0.10 3.40 0.05
4800 9.31 0.62 6.23 0.24 4.48 0.11 3.54 0.06
5000 9.70 0.67 6.49 0.25 4.66 0.11 3.69 0.06
5200 6.75 0.27 4.85 0.12 3.84 0.07
5400 7.01 0.29 5.04 0.13 3.99 0.07
5600 7.27 0.31 5.22 0.14 4.13 0.08
5800 7.53 0.33 5.41 0.15 4.28 0.08
6000 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 7.79 0.36 5.60 0.16 4.43 0.09
6200
6400
Use with caution. 5.78
5.97
0.17
0.18
4.58
4.73
0.10
0.10
6600 6.16 0.19 4.87 0.11
6800 6.34 0.20 5.02 0.11
7000 6.53 0.21 5.17 0.12

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 104

 SDR-32.5  125 PSI  PLASTIC IRRIGATION PIPE (PIP)
ASAE S376.1  ASTM D2241 or SCS 430-DD  C=150
Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe
SDR-32.5 125 PSI Plastic Irrigation Pipe (PIP)
ASAE S376.1, ASTM D2241 or SCS 430-DD C=150
Nominal PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
Size 6" 8" 10" 12" 15" 18" 21" 24"
Avg. ID 5.740 7.630 9.530 11.440 14.300 17.480 20.610 23.190
Pipe OD 6.140 8.160 10.200 12.240 15.300 18.701 22.047 24.803
Avg. Wall 0.200 0.265 0.335 0.400 0.500 0.611 0.719 0.807
Min.Wall 0.189 0.251 0.314 0.377 0.471 0.575 0.678 0.763
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
25 0.31 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.05 0.00
50 0.62 0.01 0.35 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.07 0.00
75 0.93 0.03 0.53 0.01 0.34 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.10 0.00
100 1.24 0.04 0.70 0.01 0.45 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.08 0.00
125 1.55 0.07 0.88 0.02 0.56 0.01 0.39 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.09 0.00
150 1.86 0.09 1.05 0.02 0.67 0.01 0.47 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.11 0.00
175 2.17 0.12 1.23 0.03 0.79 0.01 0.55 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.13 0.00
200 2.48 0.16 1.40 0.04 0.90 0.01 0.62 0.01 0.40 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.15 0.00
225 2.79 0.20 1.58 0.05 1.01 0.02 0.70 0.01 0.45 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.17 0.00
250 3.10 0.24 1.75 0.06 1.12 0.02 0.78 0.01 0.50 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.19 0.00
275 3.41 0.28 1.93 0.07 1.24 0.02 0.86 0.01 0.55 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.21 0.00
300 3.71 0.33 2.10 0.08 1.35 0.03 0.94 0.01 0.60 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.23 0.00
325 4.02 0.39 2.28 0.10 1.46 0.03 1.01 0.01 0.65 0.00 0.43 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.25 0.00
350 4.33 0.44 2.45 0.11 1.57 0.04 1.09 0.02 0.70 0.01 0.47 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.27 0.00
375 4.64 0.51 2.63 0.13 1.68 0.04 1.17 0.02 0.75 0.01 0.50 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.28 0.00
400 4.95 0.57 2.80 0.14 1.80 0.05 1.25 0.02 0.80 0.01 0.53 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.30 0.00
425 5.26 0.64 2.98 0.16 1.91 0.05 1.32 0.02 0.85 0.01 0.57 0.00 0.41 0.00 0.32 0.00
450 5.57 0.71 3.15 0.18 2.02 0.06 1.40 0.02 0.90 0.01 0.60 0.00 0.43 0.00 0.34 0.00
475 5.88 0.78 3.33 0.20 2.13 0.07 1.48 0.03 0.95 0.01 0.63 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.36 0.00
500 6.19 0.86 3.50 0.22 2.25 0.07 1.56 0.03 1.00 0.01 0.67 0.00 0.48 0.00 0.38 0.00
550 6.81 1.03 3.85 0.26 2.47 0.09 1.71 0.04 1.10 0.01 0.73 0.00 0.53 0.00 0.42 0.00
600 7.43 1.21 4.20 0.30 2.70 0.10 1.87 0.04 1.20 0.01 0.80 0.01 0.58 0.00 0.46 0.00
650 8.05 1.40 4.56 0.35 2.92 0.12 2.03 0.05 1.30 0.02 0.87 0.01 0.62 0.00 0.49 0.00
700 8.67 1.60 4.91 0.40 3.14 0.14 2.18 0.06 1.40 0.02 0.93 0.01 0.67 0.00 0.53 0.00
750 9.29 1.82 5.26 0.46 3.37 0.15 2.34 0.06 1.50 0.02 1.00 0.01 0.72 0.00 0.57 0.00
800 5.61 0.51 3.59 0.17 2.49 0.07 1.60 0.02 1.07 0.01 0.77 0.00 0.61 0.00
850 5.96 0.58 3.82 0.20 2.65 0.08 1.70 0.03 1.14 0.01 0.82 0.00 0.64 0.00
900 6.31 0.64 4.04 0.22 2.81 0.09 1.80 0.03 1.20 0.01 0.86 0.01 0.68 0.00
950 6.66 0.71 4.27 0.24 2.96 0.10 1.90 0.03 1.27 0.01 0.91 0.01 0.72 0.00
1000 7.01 0.78 4.49 0.26 3.12 0.11 2.00 0.04 1.34 0.01 0.96 0.01 0.76 0.00
1100 7.71 0.93 4.94 0.31 3.43 0.13 2.19 0.04 1.47 0.02 1.06 0.01 0.83 0.00
1200 8.41 1.09 5.39 0.37 3.74 0.15 2.39 0.05 1.60 0.02 1.15 0.01 0.91 0.00
1300 9.11 1.26 5.84 0.43 4.05 0.18 2.59 0.06 1.74 0.02 1.25 0.01 0.99 0.01
1400 9.81 1.45 6.29 0.49 4.36 0.20 2.79 0.07 1.87 0.03 1.34 0.01 1.06 0.01
1500 6.74 0.56 4.68 0.23 2.99 0.08 2.00 0.03 1.44 0.01 1.14 0.01
1600 7.19 0.63 4.99 0.26 3.19 0.09 2.14 0.03 1.54 0.01 1.21 0.01
1700 7.64 0.70 5.30 0.29 3.39 0.10 2.27 0.04 1.63 0.02 1.29 0.01
1800 8.09 0.78 5.61 0.32 3.59 0.11 2.40 0.04 1.73 0.02 1.37 0.01
1900 8.54 0.87 5.92 0.36 3.79 0.12 2.54 0.05 1.82 0.02 1.44 0.01
2000 8.98 0.95 6.24 0.39 3.99 0.13 2.67 0.05 1.92 0.02 1.52 0.01
2200 6.86 0.47 4.39 0.16 2.94 0.06 2.11 0.03 1.67 0.01
2400 7.48 0.55 4.79 0.19 3.20 0.07 2.31 0.03 1.82 0.02
2600 8.11 0.64 5.19 0.21 3.47 0.08 2.50 0.04 1.97 0.02
2800 8.73 0.73 5.59 0.25 3.74 0.09 2.69 0.04 2.12 0.02
3000 9.35 0.83 5.99 0.28 4.01 0.11 2.88 0.05 2.28 0.03
3200 9.98 0.93 6.38 0.32 4.27 0.12 3.07 0.05 2.43 0.03
3400 10.60 1.04 6.78 0.35 4.54 0.13 3.27 0.06 2.58 0.03
3600 11.22 1.16 7.18 0.39 4.81 0.15 3.46 0.07 2.73 0.04
3800 11.85 1.28 7.58 0.43 5.07 0.16 3.65 0.07 2.88 0.04
4000 12.47 1.41 7.98 0.48 5.34 0.18 3.84 0.08 3.03 0.05
4200 8.38 0.52 5.61 0.20 4.03 0.09 3.19 0.05
4400 8.78 0.57 5.88 0.21 4.23 0.10 3.34 0.05
4600 9.18 0.62 6.14 0.23 4.42 0.10 3.49 0.06
4800 9.58 0.67 6.41 0.25 4.61 0.11 3.64 0.06
5000 9.98 0.72 6.68 0.27 4.80 0.12 3.79 0.07
5200 6.94 0.29 4.99 0.13 3.95 0.07
5400 7.21 0.31 5.19 0.14 4.10 0.08
5600 7.48 0.33 5.38 0.15 4.25 0.08
5800 7.74 0.36 5.57 0.16 4.40 0.09
6000 Shaded area represents velocities over 5 fps. 8.01 0.38 5.76 0.17 4.55 0.10
6200
Use with caution. 5.96 0.18 4.70 0.10
6400 6.15 0.19 4.86 0.11
6600 6.34 0.20 5.01 0.11
6800 6.53 0.22 5.16 0.12
7000 6.72 0.23 5.31 0.13

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 105

 TYPE ‘K’ COPPER TUBING
ASTM B88  C=140 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe Type 'K' Copper Tubing
ASTM B 88 C=140
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 1/2" 5/8" 3/4" 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3"
Pipe ID 0.527 0.652 0.745 0.995 1.245 1.481 1.959 2.435 2.907
Pipe OD 0.625 0.750 0.875 1.125 1.375 1.625 2.125 2.625 3.125
Avg. Wall 0.049 0.049 0.065 0.065 0.065 0.072 0.083 0.095 0.109

Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
1 1.47 1.09 0.96 0.39 0.74 0.20 0.41 0.05 0.26 0.02
2 2.94 3.94 1.92 1.40 1.47 0.73 0.82 0.18 0.53 0.06
3 4.41 8.35 2.88 2.97 2.21 1.55 1.24 0.38 0.79 0.13
4 5.88 14.23 3.84 5.05 2.94 2.64 1.65 0.65 1.05 0.22
5 7.35 21.51 4.80 7.64 3.68 3.99 2.06 0.98 1.32 0.33
6 8.81 30.15 5.76 10.70 4.41 5.59 2.47 1.37 1.58 0.46 1.12 0.20
7 10.28 40.12 6.72 14.24 5.15 7.44 2.88 1.82 1.84 0.61 1.30 0.26
8 11.75 51.37 7.68 18.24 5.88 9.53 3.30 2.33 2.11 0.78 1.49 0.34
9 13.22 63.90 8.64 22.68 6.62 11.85 3.71 2.90 2.37 0.97 1.67 0.42
10 14.69 77.66 9.60 27.57 7.35 14.41 4.12 3.52 2.63 1.18 1.86 0.51
12 11.52 38.64 8.82 20.20 4.95 4.94 3.16 1.66 2.23 0.71 1.28 0.18
14 13.44 51.41 10.29 26.87 5.77 6.57 3.69 2.21 2.60 0.95 1.49 0.24
16 15.36 65.83 11.76 34.41 6.59 8.42 4.21 2.83 2.98 1.22 1.70 0.31
18 17.28 81.88 13.23 42.80 7.42 10.47 4.74 3.52 3.35 1.51 1.91 0.39
20 14.70 52.02 8.24 12.72 5.26 4.28 3.72 1.84 2.13 0.47
22 16.17 62.06 9.07 15.18 5.79 5.10 4.09 2.19 2.34 0.56 1.51 0.19 1.06 0.08
24 17.64 72.91 9.89 17.84 6.32 5.99 4.46 2.58 2.55 0.66 1.65 0.23 1.16 0.10
26 10.71 20.69 6.84 6.95 4.84 2.99 2.76 0.77 1.79 0.27 1.26 0.11
28 11.54 23.73 7.37 7.97 5.21 3.43 2.98 0.88 1.93 0.30 1.35 0.13
30 12.36 26.96 7.90 9.06 5.58 3.89 3.19 1.00 2.06 0.35 1.45 0.15
32 13.19 30.39 8.42 10.21 5.95 4.39 3.40 1.12 2.20 0.39 1.54 0.16
34 14.01 34.00 8.95 11.42 6.32 4.91 3.61 1.26 2.34 0.44 1.64 0.18
36 14.84 37.79 9.48 12.70 6.70 5.46 3.83 1.40 2.48 0.49 1.74 0.20
38 15.66 41.77 10.00 14.04 7.07 6.03 4.04 1.55 2.61 0.54 1.83 0.23
40 16.48 45.94 10.53 15.43 7.44 6.63 4.25 1.70 2.75 0.59 1.93 0.25
42 17.31 50.28 11.06 16.89 7.81 7.26 4.47 1.86 2.89 0.65 2.03 0.27
44 11.58 18.41 8.18 7.91 4.68 2.03 3.03 0.70 2.12 0.30
46 12.11 19.99 8.56 8.59 4.89 2.20 3.17 0.76 2.22 0.32
48 12.63 21.63 8.93 9.30 5.10 2.38 3.30 0.83 2.32 0.35
50 13.16 23.33 9.30 10.03 5.32 2.57 3.44 0.89 2.41 0.38
55 14.48 27.84 10.23 11.96 5.85 3.07 3.78 1.06 2.66 0.45
60 15.79 32.70 11.16 14.05 6.38 3.60 4.13 1.25 2.90 0.53
65 17.11 37.93 12.09 16.30 6.91 4.18 4.47 1.45 3.14 0.61
70 18.43 43.51 13.02 18.70 7.44 4.79 4.82 1.66 3.38 0.70
75 13.95 21.24 7.97 5.45 5.16 1.89 3.62 0.80
80 14.88 23.94 8.51 6.14 5.50 2.13 3.86 0.90
85 15.81 26.79 9.04 6.87 5.85 2.38 4.10 1.01
90 16.74 29.78 9.57 7.63 6.19 2.65 4.35 1.12
95 17.67 32.91 10.10 8.44 6.54 2.93 4.59 1.24
100 18.60 36.19 10.63 9.28 6.88 3.22 4.83 1.36
110 11.69 11.07 7.57 3.84 5.31 1.62
120 12.76 13.01 8.26 4.51 5.79 1.91
130 13.82 15.08 8.95 5.23 6.28 2.21
140 14.88 17.30 9.63 6.00 6.76 2.54
150 15.95 19.66 10.32 6.82 7.24 2.88
160 17.01 22.16 11.01 7.69 7.72 3.25
170 18.07 24.79 11.70 8.60 8.21 3.63
180 12.39 9.56 8.69 4.04
190 13.07 10.57 9.17 4.46
200 13.76 11.62 9.66 4.91
220 15.14 13.87 10.62 5.86
240 16.51 16.29 11.59 6.88
260 17.89 18.90 12.55 7.98
280 19.27 21.68 13.52 9.15
300 Shaded area represents velocities over 7 fps. 14.48 10.40
320 15.45 11.72
340
Use with caution where water hammer is a concern. 16.42 13.11
360 17.38 14.58
380 18.35 16.11
400
420
440
460
480
500

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 106

 TYPE ‘L’ COPPER TUBING
ASTM B88  C=140 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe Type 'L' Copper Tubing
C=140
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal 1/2" 5/8" 3/4" 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3"
Size
Pipe ID 0.545 0.666 0.785 1.025 1.265 1.505 1.985 2.465 2.945
Pipe OD 0.625 0.750 0.875 1.125 1.375 1.625 2.125 2.625 3.125
Avg. Wall 0.040 0.042 0.045 0.050 0.055 0.060 0.070 0.080 0.090
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
1 1.37 0.93 0.92 0.35 0.66 0.16 0.39 0.04 0.25 0.02
2 2.75 3.35 1.84 1.26 1.32 0.57 0.78 0.15 0.51 0.06
3 4.12 7.09 2.76 2.67 1.99 1.20 1.17 0.33 0.76 0.12
4 5.49 12.09 3.68 4.56 2.65 2.05 1.55 0.56 1.02 0.20
5 6.87 18.27 4.60 6.89 3.31 3.09 1.94 0.85 1.27 0.30
6 8.24 25.61 5.52 9.65 3.97 4.34 2.33 1.18 1.53 0.43 1.08 0.18
7 9.62 34.07 6.44 12.84 4.63 5.77 2.72 1.58 1.78 0.57 1.26 0.24
8 10.99 43.63 7.36 16.45 5.30 7.39 3.11 2.02 2.04 0.72 1.44 0.31
9 12.36 54.26 8.28 20.45 5.96 9.19 3.50 2.51 2.29 0.90 1.62 0.39
10 13.74 65.95 9.20 24.86 6.62 11.17 3.88 3.05 2.55 1.10 1.80 0.47
12 11.04 34.85 7.95 15.66 4.66 4.28 3.06 1.54 2.16 0.66 1.24 0.17
14 12.88 46.36 9.27 20.83 5.44 5.69 3.57 2.04 2.52 0.88 1.45 0.23
16 14.72 59.37 10.59 26.68 6.21 7.28 4.08 2.62 2.88 1.12 1.66 0.29
18 16.56 73.84 11.92 33.18 6.99 9.06 4.59 3.25 3.24 1.40 1.86 0.36
20 13.24 40.33 7.77 11.01 5.10 3.96 3.60 1.70 2.07 0.44
22 14.57 48.11 8.54 13.14 5.61 4.72 3.96 2.03 2.28 0.53 1.48 0.18 1.03 0.08
24 15.89 56.53 9.32 15.44 6.12 5.55 4.32 2.38 2.49 0.62 1.61 0.22 1.13 0.09
26 10.10 17.90 6.63 6.43 4.68 2.76 2.69 0.72 1.75 0.25 1.22 0.11
28 10.87 20.54 7.14 7.38 5.04 3.17 2.90 0.82 1.88 0.29 1.32 0.12
30 11.65 23.33 7.65 8.38 5.40 3.60 3.11 0.94 2.01 0.33 1.41 0.14
32 12.43 26.30 8.16 9.45 5.76 4.06 3.31 1.05 2.15 0.37 1.51 0.15
34 13.20 29.42 8.67 10.57 6.12 4.54 3.52 1.18 2.28 0.41 1.60 0.17
36 13.98 32.71 9.18 11.75 6.48 5.05 3.73 1.31 2.42 0.46 1.69 0.19
38 14.76 36.15 9.69 12.99 6.84 5.58 3.93 1.45 2.55 0.51 1.79 0.21
40 15.53 39.75 10.20 14.28 7.21 6.13 4.14 1.59 2.69 0.56 1.88 0.23
42 16.31 43.51 10.71 15.63 7.57 6.71 4.35 1.75 2.82 0.61 1.98 0.26
44 11.22 17.04 7.93 7.32 4.56 1.90 2.95 0.66 2.07 0.28
46 11.73 18.50 8.29 7.94 4.76 2.07 3.09 0.72 2.16 0.30
48 12.24 20.02 8.65 8.60 4.97 2.24 3.22 0.78 2.26 0.33
50 12.75 21.59 9.01 9.27 5.18 2.41 3.36 0.84 2.35 0.35
55 14.02 25.76 9.91 11.06 5.70 2.88 3.69 1.00 2.59 0.42
60 15.30 30.26 10.81 13.00 6.21 3.38 4.03 1.18 2.82 0.50
65 16.57 35.10 11.71 15.07 6.73 3.92 4.36 1.37 3.06 0.57
70 17.85 40.26 12.61 17.29 7.25 4.50 4.70 1.57 3.29 0.66
75 13.51 19.65 7.77 5.11 5.04 1.78 3.53 0.75
80 14.41 22.14 8.28 5.76 5.37 2.01 3.76 0.84
85 15.31 24.77 8.80 6.44 5.71 2.25 4.00 0.94
90 16.21 27.54 9.32 7.16 6.04 2.50 4.23 1.05
95 17.11 30.44 9.84 7.91 6.38 2.76 4.47 1.16
100 18.01 33.47 10.35 8.70 6.71 3.03 4.70 1.28
110 11.39 10.38 7.39 3.62 5.17 1.52
120 12.43 12.20 8.06 4.25 5.65 1.79
130 13.46 14.15 8.73 4.93 6.12 2.07
140 14.50 16.23 9.40 5.66 6.59 2.38
150 15.53 18.44 10.07 6.43 7.06 2.70
160 16.57 20.78 10.74 7.24 7.53 3.05
170 17.60 23.25 11.41 8.11 8.00 3.41
180 12.09 9.01 8.47 3.79
190 Shaded area represents velocities over 7 fps. 12.76 9.96 8.94 4.19
200 13.43 10.95 9.41 4.61
220 Use with caution where water hammer is a concern. 14.77 13.07 10.35 5.50
240 16.12 15.35 11.29 6.46
260 17.46 17.80 12.23 7.49
280 18.80 20.42 13.17 8.59
300 14.11 9.76
320 15.05 11.00
340 15.99 12.31
360 16.94 13.69
380 17.88 15.13
400
420
440
460
480
500

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 107

 TYPE ‘M’ COPPER TUBING
ASTM B88   C=140 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe Type 'M' Copper Tubing
C=140
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal 1/2" 5/8" 3/4" 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3"
Size
Pipe ID 0.569 0.690 0.811 1.055 1.291 1.527 2.009 2.495 2.981
Pipe OD 0.625 0.750 0.875 1.125 1.375 1.625 2.125 2.625 3.125
Avg. Wall 0.028 0.030 0.032 0.035 0.042 0.049 0.058 0.065 0.072
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
1 1.26 0.75 0.86 0.29 0.62 0.13 0.37 0.04 0.24 0.01
2 2.52 2.71 1.71 1.06 1.24 0.48 0.73 0.13 0.49 0.05
3 3.78 5.75 2.57 2.25 1.86 1.03 1.10 0.29 0.73 0.11
4 5.04 9.80 3.43 3.83 2.48 1.75 1.47 0.49 0.98 0.18
5 6.30 14.81 4.28 5.80 3.10 2.64 1.83 0.73 1.22 0.27
6 7.56 20.76 5.14 8.13 3.72 3.70 2.20 1.03 1.47 0.39 1.05 0.17
7 8.82 27.62 6.00 10.81 4.34 4.92 2.57 1.37 1.71 0.51 1.22 0.23
8 10.08 35.37 6.86 13.84 4.96 6.31 2.93 1.75 1.96 0.66 1.40 0.29
9 11.34 44.00 7.71 17.22 5.58 7.84 3.30 2.18 2.20 0.82 1.57 0.36
10 12.60 53.48 8.57 20.93 6.20 9.53 3.67 2.65 2.45 0.99 1.75 0.44
12 10.28 29.33 7.44 13.36 4.40 3.72 2.94 1.39 2.10 0.61 1.21 0.16
14 12.00 39.02 8.68 17.78 5.13 4.94 3.43 1.85 2.45 0.82 1.42 0.22
16 13.71 49.97 9.93 22.77 5.87 6.33 3.92 2.37 2.80 1.05 1.62 0.28
18 15.43 62.15 11.17 28.32 6.60 7.87 4.41 2.95 3.15 1.30 1.82 0.34
20 17.14 75.55 12.41 34.42 7.33 9.57 4.90 3.58 3.50 1.58 2.02 0.42
22 13.65 41.06 8.06 11.42 5.39 4.28 3.85 1.89 2.22 0.50 1.44 0.17 1.01 0.07
24 14.89 48.24 8.80 13.41 5.88 5.02 4.20 2.22 2.43 0.58 1.57 0.20 1.10 0.09
26 9.53 15.56 6.36 5.83 4.55 2.57 2.63 0.68 1.70 0.24 1.19 0.10
28 10.26 17.85 6.85 6.68 4.90 2.95 2.83 0.78 1.84 0.27 1.29 0.11
30 11.00 20.28 7.34 7.59 5.25 3.35 3.03 0.88 1.97 0.31 1.38 0.13
32 11.73 22.85 7.83 8.56 5.60 3.78 3.23 0.99 2.10 0.35 1.47 0.15
34 12.46 25.57 8.32 9.57 5.95 4.23 3.44 1.11 2.23 0.39 1.56 0.16
36 13.20 28.42 8.81 10.64 6.30 4.70 3.64 1.24 2.36 0.43 1.65 0.18
38 13.93 31.42 9.30 11.76 6.65 5.20 3.84 1.37 2.49 0.48 1.74 0.20
40 14.66 34.55 9.79 12.94 7.00 5.71 4.04 1.50 2.62 0.52 1.84 0.22
42 15.40 37.81 10.28 14.16 7.35 6.26 4.25 1.65 2.75 0.57 1.93 0.24
44 10.77 15.43 7.70 6.82 4.45 1.79 2.88 0.63 2.02 0.26
46 11.26 16.76 8.05 7.40 4.65 1.95 3.01 0.68 2.11 0.29
48 11.75 18.13 8.40 8.01 4.85 2.11 3.15 0.73 2.20 0.31
50 12.24 19.56 8.75 8.64 5.05 2.27 3.28 0.79 2.30 0.33
55 13.46 23.33 9.62 10.31 5.56 2.71 3.60 0.95 2.53 0.40
60 14.69 27.41 10.50 12.11 6.07 3.19 3.93 1.11 2.75 0.47
65 15.91 31.79 11.37 14.04 6.57 3.70 4.26 1.29 2.98 0.54
70 17.14 36.47 12.25 16.11 7.08 4.24 4.59 1.48 3.21 0.62
75 13.12 18.31 7.58 4.82 4.92 1.68 3.44 0.71
80 14.00 20.63 8.09 5.43 5.24 1.89 3.67 0.80
85 14.87 23.08 8.59 6.07 5.57 2.12 3.90 0.89
90 15.75 25.66 9.10 6.75 5.90 2.35 4.13 0.99
95 16.62 28.36 9.60 7.46 6.23 2.60 4.36 1.09
100 17.50 31.19 10.11 8.21 6.55 2.86 4.59 1.20
110 11.12 9.79 7.21 3.41 5.05 1.44
120 12.13 11.51 7.87 4.01 5.51 1.69
130 13.14 13.34 8.52 4.65 5.97 1.96
140 14.15 15.31 9.18 5.33 6.43 2.24
150 15.16 17.39 9.83 6.06 6.89 2.55
160 16.17 19.60 10.49 6.83 7.35 2.87
170 17.18 21.93 11.14 7.64 7.81 3.21
180 11.80 8.50 8.26 3.57
190 12.45 9.39 8.72 3.95
200 13.11 10.33 9.18 4.34
220 14.42 12.32 10.10 5.18
240 15.73 14.47 11.02 6.09
260 17.04 16.79 11.94 7.06
280 18.35 19.25 12.86 8.10
300 Shaded area represents velocities over 7 fps. 13.77 9.20
320 14.69 10.37
340
Use with caution where water hammer is a concern. 15.61 11.60
360 16.53 12.90
380 17.45 14.26
400
420
440
460
480
500

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 108

 SCHEDULE 40 STEEL
ASTM B53  C=100 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008
PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe Schedule 40 Steel
ASTM-53B C=100
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe

Nominal 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3" 4"
Size
Pipe ID 0.622 0.824 1.049 1.38 1.610 2.067 2.469 3.068 4.026
Pipe OD 0.842 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500
Avg. Wall 0.110 0.113 0.133 0.140 0.145 0.154 0.203 0.216 0.237
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
1 1.05 0.91 0.60 0.23 0.37 0.07 0.21 0.02 0.16 0.01
2 2.11 3.28 1.20 0.84 0.74 0.26 0.43 0.07 0.31 0.03
3 3.16 6.95 1.80 1.77 1.11 0.55 0.64 0.14 0.47 0.07
4 4.22 11.85 2.40 3.02 1.48 0.93 0.86 0.25 0.63 0.12
5 5.27 17.91 3.00 4.56 1.85 1.41 1.07 0.37 0.79 0.18
6 6.33 25.10 3.61 6.39 2.22 1.97 1.29 0.52 0.94 0.25 0.57 0.07
7 7.38 33.40 4.21 8.50 2.60 2.63 1.50 0.69 1.10 0.33 0.67 0.10
8 8.44 42.77 4.81 10.88 2.97 3.36 1.71 0.89 1.26 0.42 0.76 0.12
9 9.49 53.19 5.41 13.54 3.34 4.18 1.93 1.10 1.42 0.52 0.86 0.15
10 10.55 64.65 6.01 16.45 3.71 5.08 2.14 1.34 1.57 0.63 0.95 0.19
12 12.65 90.62 7.21 23.06 4.45 7.12 2.57 1.88 1.89 0.89 1.15 0.26 0.80 0.11
14 8.41 30.68 5.19 9.48 3.00 2.50 2.20 1.18 1.34 0.35 0.94 0.15
16 9.61 39.29 5.93 12.14 3.43 3.20 2.52 1.51 1.53 0.45 1.07 0.19
18 10.82 48.87 6.67 15.10 3.86 3.97 2.83 1.88 1.72 0.56 1.20 0.23
20 12.02 59.40 7.42 18.35 4.28 4.83 3.15 2.28 1.91 0.68 1.34 0.28
22 13.22 70.87 8.16 21.89 4.71 5.76 3.46 2.72 2.10 0.81 1.47 0.34 0.95 0.12 0.55 0.03
24 8.90 25.72 5.14 6.77 3.78 3.20 2.29 0.95 1.61 0.40 1.04 0.14 0.60 0.04
26 9.64 29.83 5.57 7.85 4.09 3.71 2.48 1.10 1.74 0.46 1.13 0.16 0.65 0.04
28 10.38 34.22 6.00 9.01 4.41 4.25 2.67 1.26 1.87 0.53 1.21 0.18 0.70 0.05
30 11.12 38.88 6.43 10.24 4.72 4.83 2.86 1.43 2.01 0.60 1.30 0.21 0.76 0.06
32 11.86 43.81 6.86 11.54 5.04 5.45 3.06 1.62 2.14 0.68 1.39 0.24 0.81 0.06
34 12.61 49.02 7.28 12.91 5.35 6.10 3.25 1.81 2.28 0.76 1.47 0.26 0.86 0.07
36 13.35 54.49 7.71 14.35 5.67 6.78 3.44 2.01 2.41 0.85 1.56 0.29 0.91 0.08
38 8.14 15.86 5.98 7.49 3.63 2.22 2.54 0.94 1.65 0.33 0.96 0.09
40 8.57 17.44 6.30 8.24 3.82 2.44 2.68 1.03 1.73 0.36 1.01 0.10
42 9.00 19.09 6.61 9.02 4.01 2.67 2.81 1.13 1.82 0.39 1.06 0.10
44 9.43 20.81 6.93 9.83 4.20 2.91 2.94 1.23 1.91 0.43 1.11 0.11
46 9.86 22.59 7.24 10.67 4.39 3.16 3.08 1.33 1.99 0.46 1.16 0.12
48 10.28 24.44 7.56 11.55 4.58 3.42 3.21 1.44 2.08 0.50 1.21 0.13
50 10.71 26.36 7.87 12.45 4.77 3.69 3.35 1.55 2.17 0.54 1.26 0.14
55 11.78 31.45 8.66 14.86 5.25 4.40 3.68 1.85 2.38 0.64 1.38 0.17
60 12.85 36.95 9.44 17.45 5.73 5.17 4.02 2.18 2.60 0.76 1.51 0.20
65 13.93 42.86 10.23 20.24 6.21 6.00 4.35 2.53 2.82 0.88 1.64 0.23
70 11.02 23.22 6.68 6.88 4.69 2.90 3.03 1.01 1.76 0.27
75 11.81 26.39 7.16 7.82 5.02 3.29 3.25 1.14 1.89 0.31
80 12.59 29.74 7.64 8.82 5.35 3.71 3.47 1.29 2.01 0.34
85 13.38 33.27 8.12 9.86 5.69 4.15 3.68 1.44 2.14 0.38
90 8.59 10.96 6.02 4.62 3.90 1.60 2.27 0.43
95 9.07 12.12 6.36 5.10 4.12 1.77 2.39 0.47
100 9.55 13.33 6.69 5.61 4.33 1.95 2.52 0.52
110 10.50 15.90 7.36 6.70 4.77 2.33 2.77 0.62
120 11.46 18.68 8.03 7.87 5.20 2.73 3.02 0.73
130 12.41 21.66 8.70 9.12 5.63 3.17 3.27 0.85
140 13.37 24.85 9.37 10.47 6.07 3.64 3.52 0.97
150 10.04 11.89 6.50 4.13 3.78 1.10
160 10.71 13.40 6.94 4.66 4.03 1.24
170 11.38 15.00 7.37 5.21 4.28 1.39
180 12.05 16.67 7.80 5.79 4.53 1.54
190 12.72 18.43 8.24 6.40 4.78 1.71
200 13.39 20.26 8.67 7.04 5.03 1.88
220 9.54 8.40 5.54 2.24
240 10.40 9.87 6.04 2.63
260 11.27 11.45 6.54 3.05
280 12.14 13.13 7.05 3.50
300 Shaded area represents velocities over 7 fps. 13.00 14.92 7.55 3.98
320 Use with caution where water hammer is a concern. 13.87 16.81 8.05 4.48
340 8.56 5.01
360 9.06 5.57
380 9.57 6.16
400 10.07 6.77
420 10.57 7.42
440 11.08 8.08
460 11.58 8.78
480 12.08 9.50
500 12.59 10.24

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 109

SCHEDULE 80 STEEL
ASTM B53  C=100 Irrigation Association Friction Loss Chart 2008

PSI Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe

Schedule 80 Steel
ASTM-53B C=100
PSI Loss Per 100 Feet of Pipe
Nominal
Size 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3" 4"
Pipe ID 0.546 0.742 0.957 1.278 1.500 1.939 2.323 2.900 3.826
Pipe OD 0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500
Avg. Wall 0.147 0.154 0.179 0.191 0.200 0.218 0.276 0.300 0.337

Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
GPM FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS FPS LOSS
1 1.37 1.71 0.74 0.39 0.45 0.11 0.25 0.03 0.18 0.01
2 2.74 6.19 1.48 1.39 0.89 0.40 0.50 0.10 0.36 0.05
3 4.11 13.11 2.22 2.95 1.34 0.85 0.75 0.21 0.54 0.10
4 5.47 22.34 2.96 5.02 1.78 1.46 1.00 0.36 0.73 0.16
5 6.84 33.77 3.71 7.59 2.23 2.20 1.25 0.54 0.91 0.25
6 8.21 47.33 4.45 10.64 2.67 3.08 1.50 0.75 1.09 0.35 0.65 0.10
7 9.58 62.97 5.19 14.16 3.12 4.10 1.75 1.00 1.27 0.46 0.76 0.13
8 10.95 80.63 5.93 18.13 3.56 5.26 2.00 1.29 1.45 0.59 0.87 0.17
9 6.67 22.54 4.01 6.54 2.25 1.60 1.63 0.73 0.98 0.21
10 7.41 27.40 4.45 7.94 2.50 1.94 1.81 0.89 1.09 0.26
12 8.89 38.41 5.35 11.14 3.00 2.73 2.18 1.25 1.30 0.36 0.91 0.15
14 10.37 51.10 6.24 14.81 3.50 3.63 2.54 1.66 1.52 0.48 1.06 0.20
16 11.86 65.44 7.13 18.97 4.00 4.64 2.90 2.13 1.74 0.61 1.21 0.25
18 13.34 81.39 8.02 23.60 4.50 5.78 3.26 2.65 1.95 0.76 1.36 0.32
20 8.91 28.68 5.00 7.02 3.63 3.22 2.17 0.92 1.51 0.38
22 9.80 34.22 5.50 8.37 3.99 3.84 2.39 1.10 1.66 0.46 1.07 0.16 0.61 0.04
24 10.69 40.20 6.00 9.84 4.35 4.51 2.60 1.29 1.81 0.54 1.16 0.18 0.67 0.05
26 11.58 46.62 6.49 11.41 4.71 5.23 2.82 1.50 1.97 0.62 1.26 0.21 0.72 0.05
28 12.47 53.48 6.99 13.09 5.08 6.00 3.04 1.72 2.12 0.71 1.36 0.24 0.78 0.06
30 13.36 60.77 7.49 14.87 5.44 6.82 3.26 1.96 2.27 0.81 1.46 0.28 0.84 0.07
32 7.99 16.76 5.80 7.69 3.47 2.20 2.42 0.92 1.55 0.31 0.89 0.08
34 8.49 18.75 6.17 8.60 3.69 2.47 2.57 1.02 1.65 0.35 0.95 0.09
36 8.99 20.85 6.53 9.56 3.91 2.74 2.72 1.14 1.75 0.39 1.00 0.10
38 9.49 23.04 6.89 10.57 4.12 3.03 2.87 1.26 1.84 0.43 1.06 0.11
40 9.99 25.34 7.25 11.62 4.34 3.33 3.02 1.38 1.94 0.47 1.11 0.12
42 10.49 27.74 7.62 12.72 4.56 3.65 3.18 1.51 2.04 0.51 1.17 0.13
44 10.99 30.23 7.98 13.87 4.77 3.98 3.33 1.65 2.13 0.56 1.23 0.15
46 11.49 32.83 8.34 15.06 4.99 4.32 3.48 1.79 2.23 0.61 1.28 0.16
48 11.99 35.52 8.70 16.29 5.21 4.67 3.63 1.94 2.33 0.66 1.34 0.17
50 12.49 38.31 9.07 17.57 5.43 5.04 3.78 2.09 2.43 0.71 1.39 0.18
55 13.74 45.70 9.97 20.96 5.97 6.01 4.16 2.50 2.67 0.85 1.53 0.22
60 10.88 24.63 6.51 7.06 4.54 2.93 2.91 1.00 1.67 0.26
65 11.79 28.56 7.05 8.19 4.91 3.40 3.15 1.16 1.81 0.30
70 12.69 32.77 7.60 9.40 5.29 3.90 3.40 1.33 1.95 0.34
75 13.60 37.23 8.14 10.68 5.67 4.43 3.64 1.51 2.09 0.39
80 8.68 12.03 6.05 4.99 3.88 1.70 2.23 0.44
85 9.22 13.46 6.43 5.59 4.12 1.90 2.37 0.49
90 9.77 14.97 6.80 6.21 4.37 2.11 2.51 0.55
95 10.31 16.54 7.18 6.87 4.61 2.33 2.65 0.61
100 10.85 18.19 7.56 7.55 4.85 2.57 2.79 0.67
110 11.94 21.70 8.32 9.01 5.34 3.06 3.07 0.79
120 13.02 25.50 9.07 10.58 5.82 3.60 3.34 0.93
130 14.11 29.57 9.83 12.27 6.31 4.17 3.62 1.08
140 10.58 14.08 6.79 4.78 3.90 1.24
150 11.34 16.00 7.28 5.44 4.18 1.41
160 12.10 18.03 7.76 6.13 4.46 1.59
170 12.85 20.17 8.25 6.85 4.74 1.78
180 13.61 22.43 8.73 7.62 5.02 1.98
190 14.37 24.79 9.22 8.42 5.30 2.19
200 9.70 9.26 5.57 2.40
220 10.67 11.05 6.13 2.87
240 11.64 12.98 6.69 3.37
260 12.61 15.05 7.25 3.91
280 13.58 17.27 7.80 4.48
300 Shaded area represents velocities over 7 fps. 14.55 19.62 8.36 5.10
320 8.92 5.74
340 Use with caution where water hammer is a concern. 9.48 6.42
360 10.03 7.14
380 10.59 7.89
400 11.15 8.68
420 11.71 9.50
440 12.26 10.36
460 12.82 11.25
480 13.38 12.17
500 13.94 13.12

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 110

CAST IRON PIPE – CLASS 150
C=100
Pressure Loss per 100 Feet (PSI) Sizes 3" through 12"

Nominal 3" 4" 6" 8" 10" 12" Nominal

Size Size

Pipe ID 3.32 4.10 6.14 8.23 10.22 12.24 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 3.96 4.80 6.90 9.05 11.10 13.20 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 0.32 0.35 0.38 0.41 0.44 0.48 Wall Thick
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Flow
GPM FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss GPM
5 0.19 0.01 0.12 0.00 5
10 0.37 0.02 0.24 0.01 10
15 0.56 0.04 0.36 0.01 15
20 0.74 0.07 0.49 0.02 0.22 0.00 20
25 0.93 0.10 0.61 0.04 0.27 0.01 25
30 1.11 0.14 0.73 0.05 0.32 0.01 30
40 1.48 0.24 0.97 0.09 0.43 0.01 40
50 1.85 0.37 1.21 0.13 0.54 0.02 0.30 0.00 50
60 2.22 0.52 1.46 0.18 0.65 0.03 0.36 0.01 60
70 2.59 0.69 1.70 0.25 0.76 0.03 0.42 0.01 70
80 2.96 0.88 1.94 0.31 0.87 0.04 0.48 0.01 80
90 3.33 1.09 2.18 0.39 0.97 0.05 0.54 0.01 0.35 0.00 90
100 3.70 1.33 2.43 0.48 1.08 0.07 0.60 0.02 0.39 0.01 100
125 4.63 2.01 3.03 0.72 1.35 0.10 0.75 0.02 0.49 0.01 125
150 5.55 2.81 3.64 1.01 1.62 0.14 0.90 0.03 0.59 0.01 0.41 0.00 150
175 6.48 3.74 4.25 1.34 1.89 0.19 1.05 0.05 0.68 0.02 0.48 0.01 175
200 7.40 4.80 4.85 1.72 2.16 0.24 1.20 0.06 0.78 0.02 0.54 0.01 200
225 8.33 5.96 5.46 2.14 2.44 0.30 1.36 0.07 0.88 0.03 0.61 0.01 225
250 9.25 7.25 6.07 2.60 2.71 0.36 1.51 0.09 0.98 0.03 0.68 0.01 250
275 10.18 8.65 6.67 3.10 2.98 0.43 1.66 0.10 1.07 0.04 0.75 0.02 275
300 11.10 10.16 7.28 3.64 3.25 0.51 1.81 0.12 1.17 0.04 0.82 0.02 300
350 12.96 13.52 8.49 4.84 3.79 0.68 2.11 0.16 1.37 0.06 0.95 0.02 350
400 14.81 17.31 9.71 6.20 4.33 0.87 2.41 0.21 1.56 0.07 1.09 0.03 400
450 16.66 21.53 10.92 7.71 4.87 1.08 2.71 0.26 1.76 0.09 1.23 0.04 450
500 18.51 26.17 12.14 9.37 5.41 1.31 3.01 0.32 1.95 0.11 1.36 0.05 500
550 13.35 11.18 5.95 1.57 3.31 0.38 2.15 0.13 1.50 0.05 550
600 14.56 13.14 6.49 1.84 3.61 0.44 2.34 0.15 1.63 0.06 600
650 15.78 15.24 7.03 2.14 3.92 0.51 2.54 0.18 1.77 0.07 650
700 16.99 17.48 7.58 2.45 4.22 0.59 2.73 0.21 1.91 0.09 700
750 18.20 19.86 8.12 2.78 4.52 0.67 2.93 0.23 2.04 0.10 750
800 19.42 22.38 8.66 3.14 4.82 0.75 3.12 0.26 2.18 0.11 800
900 9.74 3.90 5.42 0.94 3.52 0.33 2.45 0.14 900
1000 10.82 4.74 6.02 1.14 3.91 0.40 2.72 0.17 1000
1100 11.90 5.66 6.63 1.36 4.30 0.47 3.00 0.20 1100
1200 12.99 6.65 7.23 1.60 4.69 0.56 3.27 0.23 1200
1300 14.07 7.71 7.83 1.85 5.08 0.65 3.54 0.27 1300
1400 15.15 8.84 8.43 2.13 5.47 0.74 3.81 0.31 1400
1500 16.23 10.05 9.04 2.42 5.86 0.84 4.08 0.35 1500
1600 17.32 11.32 9.64 2.72 6.25 0.95 4.36 0.39 1600
1700 18.40 12.67 10.24 3.05 6.64 1.06 4.63 0.44 1700
1800 19.48 14.08 10.84 3.39 7.03 1.18 4.90 0.49 1800
2000 12.05 4.11 7.81 1.43 5.45 0.60 2000
2200 13.25 4.91 8.59 1.71 5.99 0.71 2200
2400 14.46 5.77 9.37 2.01 6.54 0.84 2400
2600 15.66 6.69 10.16 2.33 7.08 0.97 2600
2800 16.87 7.67 10.94 2.68 7.63 1.11 2800
3000 Shaded area represents 18.07 8.72 11.72 3.04 8.17 1.26 3000
3200 19.28 9.83 12.50 3.43 8.71 1.42 3200
3400 velocities over 5 fps. Use with 13.28 3.83 9.26 1.59 3400
3600 caution where water hammer 14.06 4.26 9.80 1.77 3600
3800 14.84 4.71 10.35 1.96 3800
4000 is a concern. 15.62 5.18 10.89 2.15 4000
4500 17.58 6.44 12.25 2.68 4500
5000 19.53 7.83 13.62 3.25 5000
5500 14.98 3.88 5500
6000 16.34 4.56 6000
6500 17.70 5.29 6500
7000 19.06 6.07 7000

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 111

CAST IRON PIPE – CLASS 150
C=100
Pressure Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe (PSI) Sizes 14" through 24"

Nominal 14" 16" 18" 20" 24" Nominal

Size Size

Pipe ID 14.28 16.32 18.34 20.36 24.34 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 15.30 17.40 19.50 21.60 25.80 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 0.51 0.54 0.58 0.62 0.73 Wall Thick
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Flow
GPM FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss GPM
200 0.40 0.00 200
300 0.60 0.01 0.46 0.00 300
400 0.80 0.01 0.61 0.01 0.49 0.00 400
500 1.00 0.02 0.77 0.01 0.61 0.01 0.49 0.00 500
600 1.20 0.03 0.92 0.02 0.73 0.01 0.59 0.01 600
700 1.40 0.04 1.07 0.02 0.85 0.01 0.69 0.01 700
800 1.60 0.05 1.23 0.03 0.97 0.02 0.79 0.01 800
900 1.80 0.06 1.38 0.03 1.09 0.02 0.89 0.01 0.62 0.00 900
1000 2.00 0.08 1.53 0.04 1.21 0.02 0.98 0.01 0.69 0.01 1000
1100 2.20 0.09 1.69 0.05 1.33 0.03 1.08 0.02 0.76 0.01 1100
1200 2.40 0.11 1.84 0.06 1.46 0.03 1.18 0.02 0.83 0.01 1200
1300 2.60 0.13 1.99 0.07 1.58 0.04 1.28 0.02 0.90 0.01 1300
1400 2.80 0.15 2.14 0.08 1.70 0.04 1.38 0.03 0.96 0.01 1400
1500 3.00 0.17 2.30 0.09 1.82 0.05 1.48 0.03 1.03 0.01 1500
1600 3.20 0.19 2.45 0.10 1.94 0.06 1.57 0.03 1.10 0.01 1600
1700 3.40 0.21 2.60 0.11 2.06 0.06 1.67 0.04 1.17 0.02 1700
1800 3.60 0.23 2.76 0.12 2.18 0.07 1.77 0.04 1.24 0.02 1800
1900 3.80 0.26 2.91 0.13 2.30 0.08 1.87 0.05 1.31 0.02 1900
2000 4.00 0.28 3.06 0.15 2.43 0.08 1.97 0.05 1.38 0.02 2000
2250 4.50 0.35 3.45 0.18 2.73 0.10 2.21 0.06 1.55 0.03 2250
2500 5.00 0.43 3.83 0.22 3.03 0.13 2.46 0.08 1.72 0.03 2500
2750 5.50 0.51 4.21 0.27 3.34 0.15 2.71 0.09 1.89 0.04 2750
3000 6.00 0.60 4.60 0.31 3.64 0.18 2.95 0.11 2.07 0.04 3000
3250 6.50 0.69 4.98 0.36 3.94 0.20 3.20 0.12 2.24 0.05 3250
3500 7.00 0.79 5.36 0.41 4.25 0.24 3.44 0.14 2.41 0.06 3500
3750 7.50 0.90 5.74 0.47 4.55 0.27 3.69 0.16 2.58 0.07 3750
4000 8.00 1.02 6.13 0.53 4.85 0.30 3.94 0.18 2.75 0.08 4000
4250 8.50 1.14 6.51 0.59 5.16 0.34 4.18 0.20 2.93 0.08 4250
4500 9.00 1.26 6.89 0.66 5.46 0.37 4.43 0.23 3.10 0.09 4500
4750 9.50 1.40 7.28 0.73 5.76 0.41 4.68 0.25 3.27 0.10 4750
5000 10.00 1.54 7.66 0.80 6.07 0.45 4.92 0.27 3.44 0.11 5000
5250 10.50 1.68 8.04 0.88 6.37 0.50 5.17 0.30 3.62 0.13 5250
5500 11.00 1.83 8.43 0.96 6.67 0.54 5.41 0.33 3.79 0.14 5500
5750 11.50 1.99 8.81 1.04 6.97 0.59 5.66 0.35 3.96 0.15 5750
6000 12.00 2.15 9.19 1.13 7.28 0.64 5.91 0.38 4.13 0.16 6000
6500 13.01 2.50 9.96 1.30 7.88 0.74 6.40 0.44 4.48 0.19 6500
7000 14.01 2.87 10.72 1.50 8.49 0.85 6.89 0.51 4.82 0.21 7000
7500 15.01 3.26 11.49 1.70 9.10 0.96 7.38 0.58 5.17 0.24 7500
8000 16.01 3.67 12.25 1.92 9.70 1.09 7.87 0.65 5.51 0.27 8000
8500 17.01 4.11 13.02 2.14 10.31 1.22 8.37 0.73 5.85 0.31 8500
9000 18.01 4.57 13.79 2.38 10.92 1.35 8.86 0.81 6.20 0.34 9000
10000 15.32 2.90 12.13 1.64 9.84 0.99 6.89 0.41 10000
11000 16.85 3.46 13.34 1.96 10.83 1.18 7.58 0.49 11000
12000 18.38 4.06 14.56 2.30 11.81 1.38 8.26 0.58 12000
13000 19.91 4.71 15.77 2.67 12.80 1.61 8.95 0.67 13000
14000 16.98 3.06 13.78 1.84 9.64 0.77 14000
15000 18.20 3.48 14.76 2.09 10.33 0.88 15000
16000 19.41 3.92 15.75 2.36 11.02 0.99 16000
17000 16.73 2.64 11.71 1.11 17000
18000 17.72 2.93 12.40 1.23 18000
19000 18.70 3.24 13.08 1.36 19000
20000 Shaded area represents 19.68 3.57 13.77 1.50 20000
21000 14.46 1.64 21000
22000 velocities over 5 fps. Use with 15.15 1.78 22000
23000 caution where water hammer 15.84 1.94 23000
24000 16.53 2.10 24000
25000 is a concern. 17.22 2.26 25000
26000 17.91 2.43 26000
27000 18.59 2.61 27000
28000 19.28 2.79 28000
29000 19.97 2.98 29000

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 112

CLASS 150 ASBESTOS-CEMENT
K = 0.32
Pressure Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe (PSI) Sizes 3"through 14"

Nominal 3" 4" 6" 8" 10" 12" 14" Nominal

Size Size

Pipe ID 3.00 3.95 5.85 7.85 10.00 12.00 14.00 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 4.03 5.15 7.13 9.45 11.85 14.12 16.40 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 0.515 0.600 0.640 0.800 0.925 0.106 1.200 Wall Thick
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Flow
GPM FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss GPM
2 0.09 0.00 2
4 0.18 0.01 4
6 0.27 0.01 0.16 0.00 6
8 0.36 0.02 0.21 0.01 8
10 0.45 0.03 0.26 0.01 10
15 0.68 0.07 0.39 0.02 15
20 0.91 0.12 0.52 0.03 0.24 0.00 20
25 1.13 0.19 0.65 0.05 0.30 0.01 25
30 1.36 0.26 0.78 0.07 0.36 0.01 30
35 1.59 0.35 0.92 0.09 0.42 0.01 35
40 1.81 0.46 1.05 0.12 0.48 0.02 0.26 0.00 40
50 2.27 0.70 1.31 0.18 0.60 0.03 0.33 0.01 50
60 2.72 0.98 1.57 0.26 0.72 0.04 0.40 0.01 60
70 3.17 1.32 1.83 0.34 0.83 0.05 0.46 0.01 70
80 3.63 1.70 2.09 0.44 0.95 0.06 0.53 0.01 0.33 0.00 80
90 4.08 2.13 2.35 0.55 1.07 0.08 0.60 0.02 0.37 0.01 90
100 4.53 2.60 2.61 0.67 1.19 0.10 0.66 0.02 0.41 0.01 100
110 4.99 3.11 2.88 0.81 1.31 0.12 0.73 0.03 0.45 0.01 110
120 5.44 3.67 3.14 0.95 1.43 0.14 0.79 0.03 0.49 0.01 120
130 5.89 4.28 3.40 1.11 1.55 0.16 0.86 0.04 0.53 0.01 0.37 0.00 130
140 6.35 4.92 3.66 1.28 1.67 0.19 0.93 0.04 0.57 0.01 0.40 0.01 140
160 7.25 6.35 4.18 1.65 1.91 0.24 1.06 0.06 0.65 0.02 0.45 0.01 160
180 8.16 7.94 4.71 2.06 2.15 0.30 1.19 0.07 0.73 0.19 0.51 0.01 0.37 0.00 180
200 9.07 9.70 5.23 2.52 2.38 0.37 1.32 0.09 0.82 0.03 0.57 0.01 0.42 0.01 200
220 9.97 11.62 5.75 3.02 2.62 0.44 1.46 0.10 0.90 0.03 0.62 0.01 0.46 0.01 220
240 10.88 13.71 6.28 3.56 2.86 0.52 1.59 0.12 0.98 0.04 0.68 0.02 0.50 0.01 240
260 11.79 15.96 6.80 4.15 3.10 0.61 1.72 0.14 1.06 0.04 0.74 0.02 0.54 0.01 260
280 12.69 18.37 7.32 4.77 3.34 0.70 1.85 0.16 1.14 0.05 0.79 0.02 0.58 0.01 280
300 13.60 20.95 7.84 5.44 3.58 0.79 1.99 0.19 1.22 0.06 0.85 0.02 0.62 0.01 300
350 15.87 28.08 9.15 7.29 4.17 1.06 2.32 0.25 1.43 0.08 0.99 0.03 0.73 0.01 350
400 18.13 36.18 10.46 9.40 4.77 1.37 2.65 0.32 1.63 0.10 1.13 0.04 0.83 0.02 400
450 11.77 11.76 5.36 1.72 2.98 0.41 1.84 0.12 1.28 0.05 0.94 0.02 450
500 13.07 14.36 5.96 2.10 3.31 0.50 2.04 0.15 1.42 0.06 1.04 0.03 500
550 14.38 17.21 6.56 2.51 3.64 0.59 2.24 0.18 1.56 0.07 1.14 0.03 550
600 15.69 20.31 7.15 2.96 3.97 0.70 2.45 0.21 1.70 0.09 1.25 0.04 600
650 17.00 23.64 7.75 3.45 4.30 0.82 2.65 0.25 1.84 0.10 1.35 0.05 650
700 18.30 27.22 8.35 3.97 4.63 0.94 2.86 0.29 1.98 0.12 1.46 0.06 700
750 19.61 31.03 8.94 4.53 4.97 1.07 3.06 0.33 2.13 0.13 1.56 0.06 750
800 9.54 5.12 5.30 1.21 3.26 0.37 2.27 0.15 1.67 0.07 800
900 10.73 6.40 5.96 1.52 3.67 0.46 2.55 0.19 1.87 0.09 900
1000 11.92 7.82 6.62 1.85 4.08 0.57 2.83 0.23 2.08 0.11 1000
1100 13.11 9.38 7.28 2.22 4.49 0.68 3.12 0.28 2.29 0.13 1100
1200 14.31 11.06 7.95 2.62 4.90 0.80 3.40 0.33 2.50 0.15 1200
1300 15.50 12.88 8.61 3.05 5.30 0.93 3.68 0.38 2.71 0.18 1300
1400 16.69 14.83 9.27 3.51 5.71 1.07 3.97 0.44 2.91 0.21 1400
1500 17.88 16.90 9.93 4.00 6.12 1.22 4.25 0.50 3.12 0.23 1500
1600 19.08 19.11 10.59 4.52 6.53 1.38 4.53 0.57 3.33 0.27 1600
1700 11.26 5.08 6.94 1.55 4.82 0.63 3.54 0.30 1700
1800 11.92 5.66 7.34 1.73 5.10 0.71 3.75 0.33 1800
1900 Friction losses calculated using 12.58 6.27 7.75 1.91 5.38 0.78 3.96 0.37 1900
2000 13.24 6.91 8.16 2.11 5.67 0.86 4.16 0.41 2000
2200 the Scobey Formula. 14.57 8.28 8.98 2.53 6.23 1.04 4.58 0.49 2200
2400 15.89 9.77 9.79 2.98 6.80 1.22 5.00 0.57 2400
2600 17.21 11.38 10.61 3.47 7.37 1.42 5.41 0.67 2600
2800 Shaded area represents 18.54 13.10 11.42 4.00 7.93 1.64 5.83 0.77 2800
3000 19.86 14.93 12.24 4.56 8.50 1.87 6.24 0.88 3000
3500 velocities over 5 fps. Use with 14.28 6.11 9.92 2.50 7.29 1.18 3500
4000 caution where water hammer 16.32 7.88 11.33 3.22 8.33 1.51 4000
4500 18.36 9.85 12.75 4.03 9.37 1.89 4500
5000 is a concern. 14.17 4.93 10.41 2.31 5000
5500 15.58 5.90 11.45 2.77 5500
6500 18.42 8.11 13.53 3.81 6500
7500 15.61 5.00 7500
8500 17.69 6.34 8500
9500 19.78 7.84 9500

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 113

CLASS 150 ASBESTOS-CEMENT
K = 0.32
Pressure Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe (PSI) Sizes 15" through 24"

Nominal 15" 16" 18 20" 21" 24" Nominal

Size Size

Pipe ID 15.00 16.00 18.00 20.00 21.00 24.00 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 17.91 18.65 21.21 23.55 24.94 28.21 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 1.455 1.325 1.605 1.775 1.990 2.105 Wall Thick
Flow Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Flow
GPM FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss GPM
200 0.36 0.00 0.32 0.00 200
300 0.54 0.01 0.48 0.01 0.38 0.00 300
400 0.73 0.01 0.64 0.01 0.50 0.01 0.41 0.00 400
500 0.91 0.02 0.80 0.02 0.63 0.01 0.51 0.01 0.46 0.00 500
600 1.09 0.03 0.96 0.02 0.76 0.01 0.61 0.01 0.56 0.01 600
700 1.27 0.04 1.12 0.03 0.88 0.02 0.71 0.01 0.65 0.01 0.50 0.00 700
800 1.45 0.05 1.28 0.04 1.01 0.02 0.82 0.01 0.74 0.01 0.57 0.01 800
900 1.63 0.06 1.43 0.05 1.13 0.03 0.92 0.02 0.83 0.01 0.64 0.01 900
1000 1.81 0.08 1.59 0.06 1.26 0.03 1.02 0.02 0.93 0.01 0.71 0.01 1000
1200 2.18 0.11 1.91 0.06 1.51 0.04 1.22 0.03 1.11 0.02 0.85 0.01 1200
1400 2.54 0.15 2.23 0.11 1.76 0.06 1.43 0.04 1.30 0.03 0.99 0.01 1400
1600 2.90 0.19 2.55 0.14 2.01 0.08 1.63 0.05 1.48 0.04 1.13 0.02 1600
1800 3.26 0.24 2.87 0.17 2.27 0.10 1.84 0.06 1.67 0.05 1.28 0.02 1800
2000 3.63 0.29 3.19 0.21 2.52 0.12 2.04 0.07 1.85 0.06 1.42 0.03 2000
2200 3.99 0.35 3.51 0.21 2.77 0.14 2.24 0.08 2.04 0.07 1.56 0.03 2200
2400 4.35 0.41 3.83 0.30 3.02 0.17 2.45 0.10 2.22 0.08 1.70 0.04 2400
2600 4.71 0.48 4.14 0.35 3.27 0.20 2.65 0.12 2.41 0.09 1.84 0.05 2600
2800 5.08 0.55 4.46 0.40 3.53 0.22 2.86 0.13 2.59 0.11 1.98 0.05 2800
3000 5.44 0.63 4.78 0.46 3.78 0.26 3.06 0.15 2.78 0.12 2.13 0.06 3000
3200 5.80 0.71 5.10 0.46 4.03 0.29 3.26 0.17 2.96 0.14 2.27 0.07 3200
3400 6.17 0.79 5.42 0.58 4.28 0.32 3.47 0.19 3.15 0.15 2.41 0.08 3400
3600 6.53 0.88 5.74 0.64 4.53 0.36 3.67 0.22 3.33 0.17 2.55 0.09 3600
3800 6.89 0.98 6.06 0.71 4.79 0.40 3.88 0.24 3.52 0.19 2.69 0.10 3800
4000 7.25 1.08 6.38 0.79 5.04 0.44 4.08 0.26 3.70 0.21 2.83 0.11 4000
4500 8.16 1.35 7.17 0.79 5.67 0.55 4.59 0.33 4.16 0.26 3.19 0.14 4500
5000 9.07 1.65 7.97 1.20 6.30 0.68 5.10 0.40 4.63 0.32 3.54 0.17 5000
5500 9.97 1.98 8.77 1.44 6.93 0.81 5.61 0.48 5.09 0.38 3.90 0.20 5500
6000 10.88 2.33 9.56 1.70 7.56 0.96 6.12 0.57 5.55 0.45 4.25 0.23 6000
6500 11.79 2.72 10.36 1.98 8.19 1.11 6.63 0.66 6.01 0.52 4.60 0.27 6500
7000 12.69 3.13 11.16 1.98 8.81 1.28 7.14 0.76 6.48 0.60 4.96 0.31 7000
7500 13.60 3.57 11.95 2.60 9.44 1.46 7.65 0.87 6.94 0.69 5.31 0.36 7500
8000 14.51 4.03 12.75 2.94 10.07 1.65 8.16 0.98 7.40 0.78 5.67 0.40 8000
8500 15.41 4.52 13.55 3.30 10.70 1.85 8.67 1.10 7.86 0.87 6.02 0.45 8500
9000 16.32 5.04 14.34 3.68 11.33 2.06 9.18 1.23 8.33 0.97 6.38 0.50 9000
9500 17.23 5.59 15.14 3.68 11.96 2.29 9.69 1.36 8.79 1.07 6.73 0.56 9500
10000 18.13 6.16 15.94 4.49 12.59 2.52 10.20 1.50 9.25 1.18 7.08 0.62 10000
10500 19.04 6.76 16.73 4.93 13.22 2.77 10.71 1.65 9.71 1.30 7.44 0.68 10500
11000 19.95 7.38 17.53 5.38 13.85 3.02 11.22 1.80 10.18 1.42 7.79 0.74 11000
11500 18.33 5.86 14.48 3.29 11.73 1.96 10.64 1.55 8.15 0.80 11500
12000 19.13 5.86 15.11 3.57 12.24 2.13 11.10 1.68 8.50 0.87 12000
12500 19.92 6.86 15.74 3.85 12.75 2.30 11.56 1.81 8.85 0.94 12500
13000 16.37 4.15 13.26 2.48 12.03 1.95 9.21 1.01 13000
13500 17.00 4.46 13.77 2.66 12.49 2.10 9.56 1.09 13500
14000 17.63 4.78 14.28 2.85 12.95 2.25 9.92 1.17 14000
14500 18.26 5.11 14.79 3.05 13.41 2.40 10.27 1.25 14500
15000 18.89 5.45 15.30 3.25 13.88 2.56 10.63 1.33 15000
15500 19.52 5.80 15.81 3.46 14.34 2.72 10.98 1.42 15500
16000 16.32 3.68 14.80 2.89 11.33 1.50 16000
16500 Friction losses calculated using 16.83 3.90 15.27 3.07 11.69 1.59 16500
17000 17.34 4.12 15.73 3.25 12.04 1.69 17000
17500 the Scobey Formula. 17.85 4.36 16.19 3.43 12.40 1.78 17500
18000 18.36 4.60 16.65 3.62 12.75 1.88 18000
18500 18.87 4.84 17.12 3.81 13.10 1.98 18500
19000 Shaded area represents 19.38 5.09 17.58 4.01 13.46 2.08 19000
19500 19.89 5.35 18.04 4.21 13.81 2.19 19500
20000 velocities over 5 fps. Use with 18.50 4.42 14.17 2.30 20000
21000 19.43 4.85 14.88 2.52 21000
22000 caution where water hammer 15.58 2.75 22000
23000 is a concern. 16.29 3.00 23000
24000 17.00 3.25 24000
25000 17.71 3.51 25000
26000 18.42 3.78 26000
27000 19.13 4.06 27000
28000 19.83 4.36 28000

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 114

PORTABLE ALUMINUM PIPE WITH COUPLINGS
K = 0.40
Pressure Loss per 100 Feet of Pipe (PSI) Sizes 3" through 10"

Nominal 3" 4" 6" 7" 8" 10" Nominal

Size Size

Pipe ID 2.91 3.91 5.88 6.87 7.86 9.82 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 3.00 4.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 10.00 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 0.045 0.045 0.060 0.065 0.070 0.090 Wall Thick
Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI Velocity PSI
Flow GPM FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss FPS Loss Flow GPM
5 0.24 0.01 0.13 0.00 5
10 0.48 0.04 0.27 0.01 10
15 0.72 0.08 0.40 0.02 15
20 0.96 0.14 0.53 0.03 0.24 0.00 20
25 1.20 0.22 0.67 0.03 0.29 0.01 25
30 1.44 0.30 0.80 0.07 0.35 0.01 0.26 0.00 30
35 1.68 0.41 0.94 0.10 0.41 0.01 0.30 0.01 35
40 1.92 0.53 1.07 0.13 0.47 0.02 0.35 0.01 0.26 0.00 40
45 2.16 0.66 1.20 0.16 0.53 0.02 0.39 0.01 0.30 0.01 45
50 2.40 0.80 1.34 0.16 0.59 0.03 0.43 0.01 0.33 0.01 50
60 2.88 1.13 1.60 0.27 0.71 0.04 0.52 0.02 0.40 0.01 60
70 3.36 1.52 1.87 0.36 0.82 0.05 0.60 0.02 0.46 0.01 0.30 0.00 70
80 3.84 1.96 2.14 0.47 0.94 0.06 0.69 0.03 0.53 0.02 0.34 0.01 80
90 4.32 2.45 2.41 0.58 1.06 0.08 0.78 0.04 0.59 0.02 0.38 0.01 90
100 4.80 3.00 2.67 0.58 1.18 0.10 0.86 0.04 0.66 0.02 0.42 0.01 100
110 5.29 3.59 2.94 0.85 1.30 0.11 0.95 0.05 0.73 0.03 0.47 0.01 110
120 5.77 4.24 3.21 1.01 1.41 0.14 1.04 0.06 0.79 0.03 0.51 0.01 120
130 6.25 4.93 3.48 1.17 1.53 0.16 1.12 0.07 0.86 0.04 0.55 0.01 130
140 6.73 5.68 3.74 1.35 1.65 0.18 1.21 0.08 0.93 0.04 0.59 0.01 140
150 7.21 6.47 4.01 1.35 1.77 0.21 1.30 0.10 0.99 0.05 0.63 0.02 150
160 7.69 7.32 4.28 1.74 1.89 0.23 1.38 0.11 1.06 0.06 0.68 0.02 160
170 8.17 8.21 4.55 1.95 2.00 0.26 1.47 0.12 1.12 0.06 0.72 0.02 170
180 8.65 9.15 4.81 2.18 2.12 0.29 1.56 0.14 1.19 0.07 0.76 0.02 180
190 9.13 10.14 5.08 2.41 2.24 0.32 1.64 0.15 1.26 0.08 0.80 0.03 190
200 9.61 11.18 5.35 2.41 2.36 0.36 1.73 0.17 1.32 0.09 0.85 0.03 200
225 10.81 13.98 6.02 3.33 2.65 0.45 1.94 0.21 1.49 0.11 0.95 0.04 225
250 12.01 17.08 6.69 4.07 2.95 0.55 2.16 0.26 1.65 0.13 1.06 0.04 250
275 13.21 20.48 7.35 4.87 3.24 0.65 2.38 0.31 1.82 0.16 1.16 0.05 275
300 14.41 24.16 8.02 5.75 3.54 0.77 2.59 0.36 1.98 0.19 1.27 0.06 300
325 15.62 28.12 8.69 5.75 3.83 0.90 2.81 0.42 2.15 0.22 1.38 0.07 325
350 16.82 32.38 9.36 7.70 4.12 1.03 3.02 0.48 2.31 0.25 1.48 0.08 350
375 18.02 36.91 10.03 8.78 4.42 1.18 3.24 0.55 2.48 0.29 1.59 0.10 375
400 19.22 41.73 10.70 9.93 4.71 1.33 3.46 0.62 2.64 0.32 1.69 0.11 400
425 11.37 11.14 5.01 1.50 3.67 0.70 2.81 0.36 1.80 0.12 425
450 12.03 11.14 5.30 1.67 3.89 0.78 2.97 0.40 1.90 0.14 450
475 12.70 13.76 5.60 1.85 4.10 0.86 3.14 0.45 2.01 0.15 475
500 13.37 15.17 5.89 2.04 4.32 0.95 3.31 0.49 2.12 0.17 500
550 14.71 18.18 6.48 2.44 4.75 1.14 3.64 0.59 2.33 0.20 550
600 16.05 21.45 7.07 2.88 5.18 1.35 3.97 0.70 2.54 0.23 600
650 17.38 21.45 7.66 3.35 5.62 1.57 4.30 0.81 2.75 0.27 650
700 18.72 28.75 8.25 3.86 6.05 1.81 4.63 0.94 2.96 0.31 700
750 8.84 4.40 6.48 2.06 4.96 1.07 3.17 0.36 750
800 9.43 4.98 6.91 2.33 5.29 1.21 3.39 0.41 800
850 10.02 5.58 7.34 2.61 5.62 1.35 3.60 0.45 850
900 10.61 6.23 7.78 2.91 5.95 1.51 3.81 0.51 900
1000 11.78 7.61 8.64 3.55 6.61 1.85 4.23 0.62 1000
1100 12.96 9.11 9.50 4.26 7.27 2.21 4.66 0.74 1100
1200 14.14 10.75 10.37 5.03 7.93 2.61 5.08 0.88 1200
1300 15.32 12.52 11.23 5.85 8.59 3.04 5.50 1.02 1300
1400 16.50 14.41 12.10 6.74 9.26 3.50 5.93 1.17 1400
1500 17.68 16.43 12.96 7.68 9.92 3.99 6.35 1.34 1500
1600 18.86 18.58 13.82 8.68 10.58 4.51 6.77 1.51 1600
1700 14.69 9.74 11.24 5.06 7.20 1.70 1700
1800 15.55 10.86 11.90 5.64 7.62 1.89 1800
1900 Friction losses calculated using 16.42 12.03 12.56 6.25 8.04 2.10 1900
2000 the Scobey Formula. 17.28 13.27 13.22 6.89 8.47 2.31 2000
2250 19.44 16.59 14.87 8.61 9.52 2.89 2250
2500 16.53 10.52 10.58 3.53 2500
2750 18.18 12.61 11.64 4.23 2750
3000 Shaded area represents 19.83 14.88 12.70 4.99 3000
3250 13.76 5.81 3250
3500 velocities over 5 fps. Use with 14.81 6.69 3500
3750 caution where water hammer 15.87 7.63 3750
4000 16.93 8.62 4000
4250 is a concern. 17.99 9.67 4250

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 115

 AUSTRALIAN STANDARD PVC PN 6 PLASTIC PIPE
C = 150
Pressure Loss in Bars per 100 m Sizes 100 mm through 375 mm

Nominal 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 225 mm 250 mm 300 mm 375 mm Nominal

Size Size

Pipe ID 107.8 151.3 213.8 236.4 266.2 299.5 380.3 Pipe ID

Pipe O.D. 114.3 160.3 225.3 250.4 280.4 315.5 400.5 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 3.25 4.50 5.25 7.00 7.10 8.00 10.10 Wall Thick
Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Flow
Flow Velocity 100 M Velocity
100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Cu. M/ Flow L/
L/min MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss Hr sec
100 0.18 0.00 6.0 1.67
125 0.23 0.01 7.5 2.08
150 0.27 0.01 9.0 2.50
175 0.32 0.01 10.5 2.92
200 0.36 0.01 12.0 3.33
225 0.41 0.02 13.5 3.75
250 0.46 0.02 15.0 4.17
275 0.50 0.02 0.25 0.00 16.5 4.58
300 0.55 0.03 0.28 0.01 18.0 5.00
325 0.59 0.03 0.30 0.01 19.5 5.42
350 0.64 0.04 0.32 0.01 21.0 5.83
375 0.68 0.04 0.35 0.01 22.5 6.25
400 0.73 0.05 0.37 0.01 24.0 6.67
475 0.87 0.07 0.44 0.01 28.5 7.92
500 0.91 0.07 0.46 0.01 30.0 8.33
550 1.00 0.09 0.51 0.02 33.0 9.17
600 1.09 0.10 0.56 0.02 36.0 10.0
650 1.19 0.12 0.60 0.02 39.0 10.8
700 1.28 0.13 0.65 0.03 0.32 0.00 42.0 11.7
750 1.37 0.15 0.69 0.03 0.35 0.01 45.0 12.5
800 1.46 0.17 0.74 0.03 0.37 0.01 48.0 13.3
900 1.64 0.21 0.83 0.04 0.42 0.01 0.34 0.00 54.0 15.0
1000 1.82 0.26 0.93 0.05 0.46 0.01 0.38 0.01 60.0 16.7
1100 2.01 0.31 1.02 0.06 0.51 0.01 0.41 0.01 66.0 18.3
1200 2.19 0.36 1.11 0.07 0.56 0.01 0.45 0.01 0.36 0.00 72.0 20.0
1300 2.37 0.42 1.20 0.08 0.60 0.02 0.49 0.01 0.39 0.01 78.0 21.7
1400 2.55 0.48 1.30 0.09 0.65 0.02 0.53 0.01 0.42 0.01 84.0 23.3
1500 2.74 0.55 1.39 0.11 0.70 0.02 0.56 0.01 0.45 0.01 90.0 25.0
1600 2.92 0.62 1.48 0.12 0.74 0.02 0.60 0.01 0.48 0.01 0.38 0.00 96.0 26.7
1800 3.28 0.77 1.67 0.15 0.83 0.03 0.68 0.02 0.54 0.01 0.43 0.01 108 30.0
2000 3.65 0.94 1.85 0.18 0.93 0.03 0.75 0.02 0.60 0.01 0.47 0.01 120 33.3
2200 4.01 1.12 2.04 0.21 1.02 0.04 0.83 0.02 0.66 0.01 0.52 0.01 132 36.7
2400 4.38 1.31 2.22 0.25 1.11 0.05 0.90 0.03 0.72 0.02 0.57 0.01 144 40.0
2600 4.74 1.52 2.41 0.29 1.21 0.05 0.98 0.03 0.78 0.02 0.61 0.01 156 43.3
2800 5.11 1.75 2.59 0.34 1.30 0.06 1.05 0.04 0.84 0.02 0.66 0.01 168 46.7
3000 5.47 1.98 2.78 0.38 1.39 0.07 1.13 0.04 0.90 0.02 0.71 0.01 0.44 0.00 180 50.0
3500 3.24 0.51 1.62 0.09 1.31 0.06 1.05 0.03 0.83 0.02 0.51 0.01 210 58.3
4000 3.70 0.65 1.85 0.12 1.50 0.07 1.20 0.04 0.95 0.02 0.59 0.01 240 66.7
4500 4.17 0.81 2.09 0.15 1.69 0.09 1.35 0.05 1.06 0.03 0.66 0.01 270 75.0
5000 4.63 0.98 2.32 0.18 1.88 0.11 1.50 0.06 1.18 0.04 0.73 0.01 300 83.3
5500 5.09 1.17 2.55 0.22 2.06 0.13 1.65 0.07 1.30 0.04 0.81 0.01 330 91.7
6000 5.56 1.38 2.78 0.26 2.25 0.15 1.79 0.09 1.42 0.05 0.88 0.02 360 100.0
6500 3.01 0.30 2.44 0.18 1.94 0.10 1.54 0.06 0.95 0.02 390 108.3
7000 3.25 0.34 2.63 0.20 2.09 0.12 1.65 0.07 1.03 0.02 420 116.7
7500 3.48 0.39 2.81 0.23 2.24 0.13 1.77 0.07 1.10 0.02 450 125.0
8000 3.71 0.44 3.00 0.26 2.39 0.15 1.89 0.08 1.17 0.03 480 133.3
8500 3.94 0.49 3.19 0.29 2.54 0.17 2.01 0.09 1.25 0.03 510 141.7
9000 4.17 0.54 3.38 0.32 2.69 0.19 2.13 0.11 1.32 0.03 540 150.0
9500 4.41 0.60 3.56 0.36 2.84 0.21 2.24 0.12 1.39 0.04 570 158.3
10000 4.64 0.66 3.75 0.39 2.99 0.23 2.36 0.13 1.47 0.04 600 166.7
11000 5.10 0.79 4.13 0.47 3.29 0.27 2.60 0.15 1.61 0.05 660 183.3
12000 5.56 0.92 4.50 0.55 3.59 0.32 2.84 0.18 1.76 0.06 720 200.0
13000 4.88 0.64 3.89 0.37 3.07 0.21 1.91 0.06 780 216.7
14000 Shaded area represents velocities over 5.25 0.73 4.19 0.42 3.31 0.24 2.05 0.07 840 233.3
15000 1.5 mps. Use with caution where water 5.63 0.83 4.49 0.48 3.54 0.27 2.20 0.08 900 250.0
16000 6.00 0.94 4.79 0.54 3.78 0.31 2.34 0.10 960 266.7
17000 hammer is a concern. 5.08 0.61 4.02 0.34 2.49 0.11 1020 283.3
18000 5.38 0.67 4.25 0.38 2.64 0.12 1080 300.0
19000 5.68 0.74 4.49 0.42 2.78 0.13 1140 316.7
20000 Conversions: 5.98 0.82 4.73 0.46 2.93 0.14 1200 333.3
22000 5.20 0.55 3.22 0.17 1320 366.7
24000 Bars/100 M x 100 = kPa/100 M 5.67 0.65 3.52 0.20 1440 400.0
26000 Bars/100 M x 10.21 = Metres/100 M 3.81 0.23 1560 433.3
28000 4.10 0.27 1680 466.7
30000 Bars/100 M x 4.42 = PSI/100 ft. 4.40 0.31 1800 500.0
32000 4.69 0.34 1920 533.3
34000 4.98 0.39 2040 566.7
36000 5.28 0.43 2160 600.0
38000 5.57 0.47 2280 633.3
40000 5.86 0.52 2400 666.7

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 116

AUSTRALIAN STANDARD PVC PN 9 PLASTIC PIPE
C = 150
Pressure Loss in Bars per 100 m Sizes 25 mm through 80 mm

Nominal
Nominal Size 25 mm 32 mm 40 mm 50 mm 80 mm Size
Pipe ID 30.5 38.4 44.0 55.1 81.3 Pipe ID
Pipe OD 33.5 42.2 48.2 60.3 88.9 Pipe OD
Wall Thick 1.50 1.90 2.10 2.60 3.80 Wall Thick
Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Flow
Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Cu. Flow
Flow L/min MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss M/Hr L/sec
4 0.09 0.00 0.24 0.07
5 0.11 0.01 0.30 0.08
6 0.14 0.01 0.36 0.10
7 0.16 0.01 0.10 0.00 0.42 0.12
8 0.18 0.02 0.11 0.01 0.48 0.13
9 0.21 0.02 0.13 0.01 0.54 0.15
10 0.23 0.02 0.14 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.60 0.17
12 0.27 0.03 0.17 0.01 0.13 0.01 0.72 0.20
14 0.32 0.04 0.20 0.01 0.15 0.01 0.84 0.23
15 0.34 0.05 0.21 0.02 0.16 0.01 0.90 0.25
16 0.36 0.06 0.23 0.02 0.17 0.01 0.96 0.27
18 0.41 0.07 0.26 0.02 0.20 0.01 1.08 0.30
20 0.46 0.09 0.29 0.03 0.22 0.01 0.14 0.00 1.20 0.33
22 0.50 0.10 0.31 0.03 0.24 0.02 0.15 0.01 1.32 0.37
24 0.55 0.12 0.34 0.04 0.26 0.02 0.17 0.01 1.44 0.40
26 0.59 0.14 0.37 0.05 0.28 0.02 0.18 0.01 1.56 0.43
28 0.64 0.16 0.40 0.05 0.31 0.03 0.19 0.01 1.68 0.47
30 0.68 0.18 0.43 0.06 0.33 0.03 0.21 0.01 1.80 0.50
32 0.73 0.21 0.46 0.07 0.35 0.03 0.22 0.01 1.92 0.53
34 0.77 0.23 0.49 0.07 0.37 0.04 0.24 0.01 2.04 0.57
36 0.82 0.26 0.51 0.08 0.39 0.04 0.25 0.01 2.16 0.60
38 0.87 0.28 0.54 0.09 0.41 0.05 0.26 0.02 2.28 0.63
40 0.91 0.31 0.57 0.10 0.44 0.05 0.28 0.02 2.40 0.67
42 0.96 0.34 0.60 0.11 0.46 0.06 0.29 0.02 2.52 0.70
44 1.00 0.37 0.63 0.12 0.48 0.06 0.31 0.02 2.64 0.73
46 1.05 0.40 0.66 0.13 0.50 0.07 0.32 0.02 2.76 0.77
48 1.09 0.44 0.69 0.14 0.52 0.07 0.33 0.02 2.88 0.80
50 1.14 0.47 0.71 0.15 0.54 0.08 0.35 0.03 3.00 0.83
55 1.25 0.56 0.79 0.18 0.60 0.09 0.38 0.03 0.18 0.00 3.30 0.92
60 1.37 0.66 0.86 0.21 0.65 0.11 0.42 0.04 0.19 0.01 3.60 1.00
65 1.48 0.76 0.93 0.25 0.71 0.13 0.45 0.04 0.21 0.01 3.90 1.08
70 1.59 0.88 1.00 0.28 0.76 0.15 0.49 0.05 0.22 0.01 4.20 1.17
75 1.71 1.00 1.07 0.32 0.82 0.17 0.52 0.06 0.24 0.01 4.50 1.25
80 1.82 1.12 1.14 0.36 0.87 0.19 0.56 0.06 0.26 0.01 4.80 1.33
85 1.94 1.26 1.22 0.40 0.93 0.21 0.59 0.07 0.27 0.01 5.10 1.42
90 2.05 1.40 1.29 0.45 0.98 0.23 0.63 0.08 0.29 0.01 5.40 1.50
95 2.16 1.54 1.36 0.50 1.04 0.26 0.66 0.09 0.30 0.01 5.70 1.58
100 2.28 1.70 1.43 0.55 1.09 0.28 0.70 0.09 0.32 0.01 6.00 1.67
110 2.51 2.03 1.57 0.65 1.20 0.34 0.77 0.11 0.35 0.02 6.60 1.83
120 2.73 2.38 1.72 0.77 1.31 0.40 0.83 0.13 0.38 0.02 7.20 2.00
130 2.96 2.76 1.86 0.89 1.42 0.46 0.90 0.15 0.42 0.02 7.80 2.17
140 3.19 3.17 2.00 1.02 1.53 0.53 0.97 0.18 0.45 0.03 8.40 2.33
150 3.42 3.60 2.14 1.16 1.63 0.60 1.04 0.20 0.48 0.03 9.00 2.50
175 3.99 4.79 2.50 1.54 1.91 0.80 1.22 0.27 0.56 0.04 10.5 2.92
200 4.56 6.13 2.86 1.97 2.18 1.02 1.39 0.34 0.64 0.05 12.0 3.33
225 5.13 7.62 3.22 2.45 2.45 1.27 1.57 0.43 0.72 0.06 13.5 3.75
250 5.70 9.27 3.57 2.98 2.72 1.54 1.74 0.52 0.80 0.08 15.0 4.17
275 3.93 3.56 3.00 1.84 1.91 0.62 0.88 0.09 16.5 4.58
300 4.29 4.18 3.27 2.16 2.09 0.72 0.96 0.11 18.0 5.00
325 4.65 4.85 3.54 2.50 2.26 0.84 1.04 0.13 19.5 5.42
350 5.00 5.56 3.81 2.87 2.43 0.96 1.12 0.15 21.0 5.83
375 5.36 6.32 4.09 3.26 2.61 1.09 1.20 0.17 22.5 6.25
400 5.72 7.12 4.36 3.68 2.78 1.23 1.28 0.19 24.0 6.67
450 4.90 4.58 3.13 1.53 1.44 0.23 27.0 7.50
500 5.45 5.56 3.48 1.87 1.60 0.28 30.0 8.33
550 5.99 6.64 3.83 2.23 1.76 0.34 33.0 9.17
600 4.17 2.61 1.92 0.40 36.0 10.0
650 4.52 3.03 2.08 0.46 39.0 10.8
700 4.87 3.48 2.24 0.53 42.0 11.7
750 Shaded area represents velocities over 5.22 3.95 2.41 0.60 45.0 12.5
800 1.5 mps. Use with caution where water 5.56 4.45 2.57 0.68 48.0 13.3
900 2.89 0.84 54.0 15.0
1000 hammer is a concern. 3.21 1.02 60.0 16.7
1100 3.53 1.22 66.0 18.3
1200 3.85 1.43 72.0 20.0
1300 Conversions: 4.17 1.66 78.0 21.7
1400 4.49 1.91 84.0 23.3
1500 Bars/100 M x 100 = kPa/100 M 4.81 2.17 90.0 25.0
1600 Bars/100 M x 10.21 = Metres/100 M 5.13 2.44 96.0 26.7
1700 5.45 2.73 102.0 28.3
Bars/100 M x 4.42 = PSI/100 ft.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 117

AUSTRALIAN STANDARD PVC PN 9 PLASTIC PIPE
C = 150
Pressure Loss in Bars per 100 m Sizes 100 mm through 375 mm

Nominal Nominal
Size 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 225 mm 250 mm 300 mm 375 mm Size
Pipe ID 104.7 146.9 208.5 231.7 259.4 292.0 370.7 Pipe ID
Pipe OD 114.3 160.3 225.3 250.4 280.4 315.5 400.5 Pipe OD
Wall Thick 4.8 6.7 8.4 9.3 10.5 11.7 14.9 Wall Thick
Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Flow
Flow Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Cu. M/ Flow
L/min MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss Hr L/sec
100 0.19 0.00 6.0 1.67
125 0.24 0.01 7.5 2.08
150 0.29 0.01 9.0 2.50
175 0.34 0.01 10.5 2.92
200 0.39 0.02 12.0 3.33
225 0.44 0.02 Shaded area represents velocities over 13.5 3.75
250 0.48 0.02 0.25 0.00 15.0 4.17
275 0.53 0.03 0.27 0.01 1.5 mps. Use with caution where water 16.5 4.58
300 0.58 0.03 0.29 0.01 hammer is a concern. 18.0 5.00
325 0.63 0.04 0.32 0.01 19.5 5.42
350 0.68 0.04 0.34 0.01 21.0 5.83
375 0.73 0.05 0.37 0.01 22.5 6.25
400 0.77 0.06 0.39 0.01 Conversions: 24.0 6.67
475 0.92 0.08 0.47 0.01 Bars/100 M x 100 = kPa/100 M 28.5 7.92
500 0.97 0.08 0.49 0.02 30.0 8.33
550 1.07 0.10 0.54 0.02 Bars/100 M x 10.21 = Metres/100 M 33.0 9.17
600 1.16 0.12 0.59 0.02 Bars/100 M x 4.42 = PSI/100 ft. 36.0 10.0
650 1.26 0.14 0.64 0.03 0.32 0.00 39.0 10.8
700 1.36 0.16 0.69 0.03 0.34 0.01 42.0 11.7
750 1.45 0.18 0.74 0.03 0.37 0.01 45.0 12.5
800 1.55 0.20 0.79 0.04 0.39 0.01 48.0 13.3
850 1.65 0.22 0.83 0.04 0.41 0.01 0.34 0.00 51.0 14.2
900 1.74 0.25 0.88 0.05 0.44 0.01 0.36 0.01 54.0 15.0
950 1.84 0.27 0.93 0.05 0.46 0.01 0.38 0.01 57.0 15.8
1000 1.94 0.30 0.98 0.06 0.49 0.01 0.39 0.01 60.0 16.7
1100 2.13 0.36 1.08 0.07 0.54 0.01 0.43 0.01 0.35 0.00 66.0 18.3
1200 2.32 0.42 1.18 0.08 0.59 0.01 0.47 0.01 0.38 0.01 72.0 20.0
1300 2.52 0.49 1.28 0.09 0.63 0.02 0.51 0.01 0.41 0.01 78.0 21.7
1400 2.71 0.56 1.38 0.11 0.68 0.02 0.55 0.01 0.44 0.01 84.0 23.3
1500 2.91 0.64 1.47 0.12 0.73 0.02 0.59 0.01 0.47 0.01 90.0 25.0
1600 3.10 0.72 1.57 0.14 0.78 0.02 0.63 0.01 0.50 0.01 0.40 0.00 96.0 26.7
1700 3.29 0.80 1.67 0.15 0.83 0.03 0.67 0.02 0.54 0.01 0.42 0.01 102 28.3
1800 3.49 0.89 1.77 0.17 0.88 0.03 0.71 0.02 0.57 0.01 0.45 0.01 108 30.0
1900 3.68 0.99 1.87 0.19 0.93 0.03 0.75 0.02 0.60 0.01 0.47 0.01 114 31.7
2000 3.87 1.08 1.96 0.21 0.98 0.04 0.79 0.02 0.63 0.01 0.50 0.01 120 33.3
2200 4.26 1.29 2.16 0.25 1.07 0.05 0.87 0.03 0.69 0.02 0.55 0.01 132 36.7
2400 4.65 1.52 2.36 0.29 1.17 0.05 0.95 0.03 0.76 0.02 0.60 0.01 144 40.0
2600 5.04 1.76 2.55 0.34 1.27 0.06 1.03 0.04 0.82 0.02 0.65 0.01 156 43.3
2800 5.42 2.02 2.75 0.39 1.37 0.07 1.11 0.04 0.88 0.02 0.70 0.01 168 46.7
3000 5.81 2.30 2.95 0.44 1.46 0.08 1.18 0.05 0.94 0.03 0.75 0.02 0.46 0.00 180 50.0
3200 3.14 0.50 1.56 0.09 1.26 0.05 1.01 0.03 0.80 0.02 0.49 0.01 192 53.3
3400 3.34 0.55 1.66 0.10 1.34 0.06 1.07 0.03 0.85 0.02 0.52 0.01 204 56.7
3600 3.54 0.62 1.76 0.11 1.42 0.07 1.13 0.04 0.89 0.02 0.56 0.01 216 60.0
3800 3.73 0.68 1.85 0.12 1.50 0.07 1.20 0.04 0.94 0.02 0.59 0.01 228 63.3
4000 3.93 0.75 1.95 0.14 1.58 0.08 1.26 0.05 0.99 0.03 0.62 0.01 240 66.7
4500 4.42 0.93 2.19 0.17 1.78 0.10 1.42 0.06 1.12 0.03 0.69 0.01 270 75.0
5000 4.91 1.13 2.44 0.21 1.97 0.12 1.57 0.07 1.24 0.04 0.77 0.01 300 83.3
5500 5.40 1.35 2.68 0.25 2.17 0.15 1.73 0.08 1.37 0.05 0.85 0.01 330 91.7
6000 5.89 1.59 2.93 0.29 2.37 0.17 1.89 0.10 1.49 0.06 0.93 0.02 360 100.0
6500 3.17 0.34 2.57 0.20 2.05 0.12 1.62 0.07 1.00 0.02 390 108.3
7000 3.41 0.38 2.76 0.23 2.20 0.13 1.74 0.07 1.08 0.02 420 116.7
8000 3.90 0.49 3.16 0.29 2.52 0.17 1.99 0.10 1.23 0.03 480 133.3
9000 4.39 0.61 3.55 0.37 2.83 0.21 2.24 0.12 1.39 0.04 540 150.0
10000 4.88 0.74 3.95 0.45 3.15 0.26 2.49 0.14 1.54 0.05 600 166.7
11000 5.36 0.89 4.34 0.53 3.46 0.31 2.73 0.17 1.70 0.05 660 183.3
12000 5.85 1.04 4.74 0.62 3.78 0.36 2.98 0.20 1.85 0.06 720 200.0
14000 5.53 0.83 4.41 0.48 3.48 0.27 2.16 0.08 840 233.3
16000 5.04 0.61 3.98 0.35 2.47 0.11 960 266.7
18000 5.67 0.76 4.47 0.43 2.78 0.13 1080 300.0
20000 4.97 0.52 3.08 0.16 1200 333.3
22000 5.47 0.62 3.39 0.19 1320 366.7
26000 4.01 0.27 1560 433.3
30000 4.63 0.35 1800 500.0
34000 5.24 0.44 2040 566.7
38000 5.86 0.54 2280 633.3

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 118

AUSTRALIAN STANDARD PVC PN 12 PLASTIC PIPE
C = 150
Pressure Loss in Bars per 100 m Sizes 20 mm through 80 mm

Nominal 20 mm 25 mm 32 mm 40 mm 50 mm 80 mm Nominal
Size Size
Pipe ID 23.7 29.7 37.4 42.8 53.7 79.1 Pipe ID
Pipe O.D. 26.7 33.5 42.2 48.2 60.3 88.9 Pipe OD
Wall Thick 1.5 1.9 2.4 2.7 3.3 4.9 Wall Thick
Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Flow
Flow Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Cu. Flow
L/min MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss M/Hr L/sec
1 0.06 0.02
2 0.08 0.00 0.12 0.03
3 0.11 0.01 0.18 0.05
4 0.15 0.01 0.10 0.00 0.24 0.07
5 0.19 0.02 0.12 0.01 0.30 0.08
6 0.23 0.03 0.14 0.01 0.36 0.10
7 0.26 0.04 0.17 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.42 0.12
8 0.30 0.05 0.19 0.02 0.12 0.01 0.48 0.13
9 0.34 0.07 0.21 0.02 0.14 0.01 0.54 0.15
10 0.38 0.08 0.24 0.03 0.15 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.60 0.17
12 0.45 0.11 0.29 0.04 0.18 0.01 0.14 0.01 0.72 0.20
14 0.53 0.15 0.33 0.05 0.21 0.02 0.16 0.01 0.84 0.23
16 0.60 0.19 0.38 0.06 0.24 0.02 0.19 0.01 0.96 0.27
18 0.68 0.24 0.43 0.08 0.27 0.03 0.21 0.01 0.13 0.00 1.08 0.30
20 0.75 0.29 0.48 0.10 0.30 0.03 0.23 0.02 0.15 0.01 1.20 0.33
22 0.83 0.35 0.53 0.12 0.33 0.04 0.25 0.02 0.16 0.01 1.32 0.37
24 0.91 0.41 0.57 0.14 0.36 0.04 0.28 0.02 0.18 0.01 1.44 0.40
26 0.98 0.48 0.62 0.16 0.39 0.05 0.30 0.03 0.19 0.01 1.56 0.43
28 1.06 0.55 0.67 0.18 0.42 0.06 0.32 0.03 0.21 0.01 1.68 0.47
30 1.13 0.62 0.72 0.20 0.45 0.07 0.35 0.04 0.22 0.01 1.80 0.50
32 1.21 0.70 0.76 0.23 0.48 0.08 0.37 0.04 0.24 0.01 1.92 0.53
34 1.28 0.79 0.81 0.26 0.51 0.08 0.39 0.04 0.25 0.01 2.04 0.57
36 1.36 0.87 0.86 0.29 0.54 0.09 0.42 0.05 0.26 0.02 2.16 0.60
38 1.43 0.97 0.91 0.32 0.57 0.10 0.44 0.05 0.28 0.02 2.28 0.63
40 1.51 1.06 0.95 0.35 0.60 0.11 0.46 0.06 0.29 0.02 2.40 0.67
42 1.58 1.16 1.00 0.38 0.63 0.12 0.49 0.07 0.31 0.02 2.52 0.70
44 1.66 1.27 1.05 0.42 0.66 0.14 0.51 0.07 0.32 0.02 2.64 0.73
46 1.74 1.38 1.10 0.45 0.69 0.15 0.53 0.08 0.34 0.03 2.76 0.77
48 1.81 1.49 1.15 0.49 0.72 0.16 0.56 0.08 0.35 0.03 2.88 0.80
50 1.89 1.61 1.19 0.53 0.75 0.17 0.58 0.09 0.37 0.03 0.17 0.00 3.00 0.83
55 2.08 1.92 1.31 0.63 0.83 0.21 0.64 0.11 0.40 0.04 0.19 0.01 3.30 0.92
60 2.26 2.25 1.43 0.74 0.90 0.24 0.69 0.13 0.44 0.02 0.20 0.01 3.60 1.00
65 2.45 2.61 1.55 0.86 0.98 0.28 0.75 0.15 0.48 0.05 0.22 0.01 3.90 1.08
70 2.64 2.99 1.67 0.98 1.06 0.32 0.81 0.17 0.51 0.06 0.24 0.01 4.20 1.17
75 2.83 3.40 1.79 1.12 1.13 0.36 0.87 0.19 0.55 0.06 0.25 0.01 4.50 1.25
80 3.02 3.83 1.91 1.26 1.21 0.41 0.93 0.22 0.59 0.07 0.27 0.01 4.80 1.33
85 3.21 4.29 2.03 1.41 1.28 0.46 0.98 0.24 0.62 0.08 0.29 0.01 5.10 1.42
90 3.40 4.77 2.15 1.56 1.36 0.51 1.04 0.27 0.66 0.09 0.31 0.01 5.40 1.50
95 3.58 5.27 2.27 1.73 1.43 0.57 1.10 0.30 0.70 0.10 0.32 0.02 5.70 1.58
100 3.77 5.79 2.39 1.90 1.51 0.62 1.16 0.33 0.74 0.11 0.34 0.02 6.00 1.67
110 4.15 6.91 2.63 2.27 1.66 0.74 1.27 0.39 0.81 0.13 0.37 0.02 6.60 1.83
120 4.53 8.12 2.86 2.66 1.81 0.87 1.39 0.46 0.88 0.15 0.41 0.02 7.20 2.00
130 4.91 9.42 3.10 3.09 1.96 1.01 1.50 0.53 0.96 0.18 0.44 0.03 7.80 2.17
140 5.28 10.81 3.34 3.55 2.11 1.16 1.62 0.61 1.03 0.20 0.48 0.03 8.40 2.33
150 5.66 12.28 3.58 4.03 2.26 1.32 1.74 0.69 1.10 0.23 0.51 0.04 9.00 2.50
175 4.18 5.36 2.64 1.75 2.02 0.92 1.29 0.31 0.59 0.05 10.5 2.92
200 4.77 6.86 3.01 2.24 2.31 1.18 1.47 0.39 0.68 0.06 12.0 3.33
225 5.37 8.54 3.39 2.79 2.60 1.47 1.65 0.49 0.76 0.07 13.5 3.75
250 5.97 10.38 3.77 3.39 2.89 1.78 1.84 0.59 0.85 0.09 15.0 4.17
275 4.14 4.05 3.18 2.13 2.02 0.70 0.93 0.11 16.5 4.58
300 4.52 4.75 3.47 2.50 2.21 0.83 1.02 0.13 18.0 5.00
325 4.90 5.51 3.76 2.90 2.39 0.96 1.10 0.15 19.5 5.42
350 5.28 6.32 4.05 3.32 2.57 1.10 1.19 0.17 21.0 5.83
375 5.65 7.19 4.34 3.78 2.76 1.25 1.27 0.19 22.5 6.25
400 4.63 4.26 2.94 1.41 1.36 0.22 24.0 6.67
450 5.21 5.29 3.31 1.75 1.53 0.27 27.0 7.50
500 Shaded area represents velocities over 5.79 6.43 3.68 2.13 1.70 0.33 30.0 8.33
550 1.5 mps. Use with caution where water 4.04 2.54 1.87 0.39 33.0 9.17
600 4.41 2.99 2.04 0.46 36.0 10.0
650 hammer is a concern. 4.78 3.47 2.21 0.53 39.0 10.8
700 5.15 3.98 2.38 0.61 42.0 11.7
750 5.51 4.52 2.55 0.69 45.0 12.5
800 Conversions: 5.88 5.09 2.72 0.78 48.0 13.3
900 3.06 0.97 54.0 15.0
1000 Bars/100 M x 100 = kPa/100 M 3.40 1.18 60.0 16.7
1100 Bars/100 M x 10.21 = Metres/100 M 3.74 1.40 66.0 18.3
1200 4.08 1.65 72.0 20.0
1300 Bars/100 M x 4.42 = PSI/100 ft. 4.42 1.91 78.0 21.7
1400 4.75 2.19 84.0 23.3
1600 5.43 2.81 96.0 26.7

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 119

AUSTRALIAN STANDARD PVC PN 12 PLASTIC PIPE
C = 150
Pressure Loss in Bars per 100 m Sizes 100 mm through 375 mm

Nominal Nominal
Size 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 225 mm 250 mm 300 mm 375 mm Size
Pipe ID 101.7 142.7 203.1 225.8 252.9 284.5 361.2 Pipe ID
Pipe O.D. 114.3 160.3 225.3 250.4 280.4 315.5 400.5 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 6.3 8.8 11.1 12.3 13.7 15.5 19.7 Wall Thick
Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Flow
Flow Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Cu. Flow
L/min MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss M/Hr L/sec
100 0.20 0.00 6.0 1.67
125 0.26 0.01 7.5 2.08
150 0.31 0.01 9.0 2.50
175 0.36 0.01 10.5 2.92
200 0.41 0.02 Shaded area represents velocities 12.0 3.33
225 0.46 0.02 0.23 0.00 13.5 3.75
250 0.51 0.03 0.26 0.01 over 1.5 MPS. Use with caution where 15.0 4.17
275 0.56 0.03 0.29 0.01 16.5 4.58
300 0.61 0.04 0.31 0.01 water hammer is a concern. 18.0 5.00
325 0.67 0.04 0.34 0.01 19.5 5.42
350 0.72 0.05 0.36 0.01 Conversions: 21.0 5.83
375 0.77 0.06 0.39 0.01 22.5 6.25
400 0.82 0.06 0.42 0.01 Bars/100 M x 100 = kPa/100 M 24.0 6.67
475 0.97 0.09 0.49 0.02 28.5 7.92
500 1.02 0.10 0.52 0.02 Bars/100 M x 10.21 = Metres/100 M 30.0 8.33
550 1.13 0.11 0.57 0.02 Bars/100 M x 4.42 = PSI/100 ft. 33.0 9.17
600 1.23 0.13 0.62 0.03 0.31 0.00 36.0 10.0
650 1.33 0.16 0.68 0.03 0.33 0.01 39.0 10.8
700 1.43 0.18 0.73 0.03 0.36 0.01 42.0 11.7
750 1.54 0.20 0.78 0.04 0.39 0.01 45.0 12.5
800 1.64 0.23 0.83 0.04 0.41 0.01 0.33 0.00 48.0 13.3
900 1.84 0.28 0.94 0.05 0.46 0.01 0.37 0.01 54.0 15.0
1000 2.05 0.34 1.04 0.07 0.51 0.01 0.42 0.01 60.0 16.7
1100 2.25 0.41 1.14 0.08 0.57 0.01 0.46 0.01 0.36 0.00 66.0 18.3
1200 2.46 0.48 1.25 0.09 0.62 0.02 0.50 0.01 0.40 0.01 72.0 20.0
1400 2.87 0.64 1.46 0.12 0.72 0.02 0.58 0.01 0.46 0.01 0.37 0.00 84.0 23.3
1600 3.28 0.82 1.67 0.16 0.82 0.03 0.67 0.02 0.53 0.01 0.42 0.01 96.0 26.7
1800 3.69 1.02 1.87 0.20 0.92 0.04 0.75 0.02 0.60 0.01 0.47 0.01 108.0 30.0
2000 4.10 1.24 2.08 0.24 1.03 0.04 0.83 0.03 0.66 0.01 0.52 0.01 120.0 33.3
2200 4.51 1.48 2.29 0.29 1.13 0.05 0.91 0.03 0.73 0.02 0.58 0.01 132.0 36.7
2400 4.92 1.74 2.50 0.34 1.23 0.06 1.00 0.04 0.80 0.02 0.63 0.01 144.0 40.0
2600 5.33 2.02 2.71 0.39 1.34 0.07 1.08 0.04 0.86 0.02 0.68 0.01 156 43.3
2800 5.74 2.32 2.91 0.45 1.44 0.08 1.16 0.05 0.93 0.03 0.73 0.02 0.45 0.00 168 46.7
3000 3.12 0.51 1.54 0.09 1.25 0.05 0.99 0.03 0.79 0.02 0.49 0.01 180 50.0
3200 3.33 0.57 1.64 0.10 1.33 0.06 1.06 0.04 0.84 0.02 0.52 0.01 192 53.3
3500 3.64 0.67 1.80 0.12 1.45 0.07 1.16 0.04 0.92 0.02 0.57 0.01 210 58.3
4000 4.16 0.86 2.06 0.15 1.66 0.09 1.33 0.05 1.05 0.03 0.65 0.01 240 66.7
4500 4.68 1.07 2.31 0.19 1.87 0.12 1.49 0.07 1.18 0.04 0.73 0.01 270 75.0
5000 5.20 1.31 2.57 0.23 2.08 0.14 1.66 0.08 1.31 0.05 0.81 0.01 300 83.3
5500 5.72 1.56 2.83 0.28 2.29 0.17 1.82 0.10 1.44 0.05 0.89 0.02 330 91.7
6000 3.08 0.33 2.49 0.20 1.99 0.11 1.57 0.06 0.97 0.02 360 100.0
6500 3.34 0.38 2.70 0.23 2.15 0.13 1.70 0.07 1.06 0.02 390 108.3
7000 3.60 0.44 2.91 0.26 2.32 0.15 1.83 0.08 1.14 0.03 420 116.7
7500 3.85 0.50 3.12 0.30 2.49 0.17 1.96 0.10 1.22 0.03 450 125.0
8000 4.11 0.56 3.33 0.33 2.65 0.19 2.09 0.11 1.30 0.03 480 133.3
8500 4.37 0.63 3.53 0.37 2.82 0.22 2.23 0.12 1.38 0.04 510 141.7
9000 4.62 0.70 3.74 0.42 2.98 0.24 2.36 0.13 1.46 0.04 540 150.0
9500 4.88 0.77 3.95 0.46 3.15 0.26 2.49 0.15 1.54 0.05 570 158.3
10000 5.14 0.85 4.16 0.51 3.31 0.29 2.62 0.16 1.62 0.05 600 166.7
10500 5.40 0.93 4.36 0.55 3.48 0.32 2.75 0.18 1.71 0.06 630 175.0
11000 5.65 1.01 4.57 0.60 3.65 0.35 2.88 0.20 1.79 0.06 660 183.3
12000 4.99 0.71 3.98 0.41 3.14 0.23 1.95 0.07 720 200.0
13000 5.40 0.82 4.31 0.47 3.40 0.27 2.11 0.08 780 216.7
14000 5.82 0.94 4.64 0.54 3.67 0.31 2.27 0.10 840 233.3
15000 4.97 0.62 3.93 0.35 2.44 0.11 900 250.0
16000 5.30 0.69 4.19 0.39 2.60 0.12 960 266.7
17000 5.63 0.78 4.45 0.44 2.76 0.14 1020 283.3
18000 5.97 0.86 4.71 0.49 2.92 0.15 1080 300.0
19000 4.98 0.54 3.09 0.17 1140 316.7
20000 5.24 0.59 3.25 0.19 1200 333.3
21000 5.50 0.65 3.41 0.20 1260 350.0
22000 5.76 0.71 3.57 0.22 1320 366.7
24000 3.90 0.26 1440 400.0
26000 4.22 0.30 1560 433.3
28000 4.55 0.35 1680 466.7
30000 4.87 0.39 1800 500.0
32000 5.20 0.44 1920 533.3
34000 5.52 0.50 2040 566.7
36000 5.85 0.55 2160 600.0

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 120

AUSTRALIAN STANDARD PVC PN 15 PLASTIC PIPE
C = 150
Pressure Loss in Bars per 100 m Sizes 15 mm through 50 mm

Nominal Nominal
Size 15 mm 20 mm 25 mm 32 mm 40 mm 50 mm Size
Pipe ID 18.3 22.9 28.9 36.4 41.6 52.1 Pipe ID
Pipe O.D. 21.3 26.7 33.5 42.2 48.2 60.3 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.9 3.3 4.1 Wall Thick
Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Flow
Flow Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Cu. M/ Flow
L/min MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss Hr L/sec
1 0.06 0.00 0.06 0.02
2 0.13 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.12 0.03
3 0.19 0.03 0.12 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.18 0.05
4 0.25 0.05 0.16 0.02 0.10 0.01 0.24 0.07
5 0.32 0.08 0.20 0.03 0.13 0.01 0.30 0.08
6 0.38 0.11 0.24 0.04 0.15 0.01 0.10 0.00 0.36 0.10
7 0.44 0.15 0.28 0.05 0.18 0.02 0.11 0.01 0.42 0.12
8 0.51 0.19 0.32 0.06 0.20 0.02 0.13 0.01 0.48 0.13
9 0.57 0.24 0.36 0.08 0.23 0.03 0.14 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.54 0.15
10 0.63 0.29 0.40 0.09 0.25 0.03 0.16 0.01 0.12 0.01 0.60 0.17
12 0.76 0.40 0.48 0.13 0.30 0.04 0.19 0.01 0.15 0.01 0.72 0.20
14 0.89 0.53 0.56 0.18 0.35 0.06 0.22 0.02 0.17 0.01 0.84 0.23
16 1.01 0.68 0.64 0.23 0.40 0.07 0.26 0.02 0.20 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.96 0.27
18 1.14 0.85 0.72 0.28 0.45 0.09 0.29 0.03 0.22 0.02 0.14 0.01 1.08 0.30
20 1.27 1.04 0.80 0.34 0.50 0.11 0.32 0.04 0.24 0.02 0.16 0.01 1.20 0.33
22 1.39 1.23 0.88 0.41 0.55 0.13 0.35 0.04 0.27 0.02 0.17 0.01 1.32 0.37
24 1.52 1.45 0.96 0.48 0.60 0.15 0.38 0.05 0.29 0.03 0.19 0.01 1.44 0.40
26 1.65 1.68 1.04 0.55 0.66 0.18 0.42 0.06 0.32 0.03 0.20 0.01 1.56 0.43
28 1.77 1.93 1.12 0.63 0.71 0.21 0.45 0.07 0.34 0.04 0.22 0.01 1.68 0.47
30 1.90 2.19 1.20 0.72 0.76 0.23 0.48 0.08 0.37 0.04 0.23 0.01 1.80 0.50
32 2.03 2.47 1.28 0.81 0.81 0.26 0.51 0.09 0.39 0.05 0.25 0.02 1.92 0.53
34 2.15 2.77 1.36 0.91 0.86 0.29 0.54 0.10 0.42 0.05 0.26 0.02 2.04 0.57
36 2.28 3.07 1.44 1.01 0.91 0.33 0.58 0.11 0.44 0.06 0.28 0.02 2.16 0.60
38 2.41 3.40 1.52 1.12 0.96 0.36 0.61 0.12 0.47 0.06 0.30 0.02 2.28 0.63
40 2.53 3.74 1.60 1.23 1.01 0.40 0.64 0.13 0.49 0.07 0.31 0.02 2.40 0.67
42 2.66 4.09 1.68 1.34 1.06 0.44 0.67 0.14 0.51 0.08 0.33 0.02 2.52 0.70
44 2.78 4.46 1.76 1.47 1.11 0.47 0.70 0.16 0.54 0.08 0.34 0.03 2.64 0.73
46 2.91 4.84 1.84 1.59 1.16 0.52 0.74 0.17 0.56 0.09 0.36 0.03 2.76 0.77
48 3.04 5.24 1.92 1.72 1.21 0.56 0.77 0.18 0.59 0.10 0.37 0.03 2.88 0.80
50 3.16 5.65 2.00 1.86 1.26 0.60 0.80 0.20 0.61 0.10 0.39 0.03 3.00 0.83
55 3.48 6.74 2.20 2.22 1.39 0.72 0.88 0.24 0.67 0.12 0.43 0.04 3.30 0.92
60 3.80 7.92 2.40 2.60 1.51 0.84 0.96 0.28 0.73 0.15 0.47 0.05 3.60 1.00
65 4.11 9.18 2.60 3.02 1.64 0.98 1.04 0.32 0.80 0.17 0.51 0.06 3.90 1.08
70 4.43 10.53 2.80 3.46 1.76 1.12 1.12 0.37 0.86 0.19 0.54 0.06 4.20 1.17
75 4.75 11.97 3.01 3.94 1.89 1.27 1.20 0.42 0.92 0.22 0.58 0.07 4.50 1.25
80 5.06 13.49 3.21 4.44 2.02 1.44 1.28 0.48 0.98 0.25 0.62 0.08 4.80 1.33
85 5.38 15.09 3.41 4.96 2.14 1.61 1.36 0.53 1.04 0.28 0.66 0.09 5.10 1.42
90 5.70 16.78 3.61 5.52 2.27 1.79 1.44 0.59 1.10 0.31 0.70 0.10 5.40 1.50
95 3.81 6.10 2.39 1.97 1.52 0.65 1.16 0.34 0.74 0.11 5.70 1.58
100 4.01 6.70 2.52 2.17 1.60 0.72 1.22 0.38 0.78 0.12 6.00 1.67
110 4.41 8.00 2.77 2.59 1.76 0.86 1.35 0.45 0.86 0.15 6.60 1.83
120 4.81 9.40 3.02 3.04 1.92 1.01 1.47 0.53 0.93 0.17 7.20 2.00
130 5.21 10.90 3.28 3.53 2.08 1.17 1.59 0.61 1.01 0.20 7.80 2.17
140 5.61 12.50 3.53 4.05 2.24 1.34 1.71 0.70 1.09 0.23 8.40 2.33
150 3.78 4.60 2.40 1.52 1.84 0.79 1.17 0.26 9.00 2.50
175 4.41 6.12 2.80 2.02 2.14 1.06 1.36 0.35 10.5 2.92
200 5.04 7.84 3.20 2.59 2.45 1.35 1.56 0.45 12.0 3.33
225 5.67 9.74 3.60 3.22 2.76 1.68 1.75 0.56 13.5 3.75
250 4.00 3.92 3.06 2.05 1.94 0.68 15.0 4.17
275 4.40 4.68 3.37 2.44 2.14 0.81 16.5 4.58
300 4.80 5.49 3.67 2.87 2.33 0.95 18.0 5.00
325 Shaded area represents velocities 5.20 6.37 3.98 3.33 2.53 1.10 19.5 5.42
350 over 1.5 mps. Use with caution where 5.60 7.31 4.29 3.82 2.72 1.26 21.0 5.83
375 4.59 4.34 2.92 1.44 22.5 6.25
400 water hammer is a concern. 4.90 4.89 3.11 1.62 24.0 6.67
450 5.51 6.08 3.50 2.01 27.0 7.50
500 3.89 2.45 30.0 8.33
550 4.28 2.92 33.0 9.17
600 Conversions: 4.67 3.43 36.0 10.0
650 Bars/100 M x 100 = kPa/100 M 5.06 3.98 39.0 10.8
700 5.45 4.57 42.0 11.7
750 Bars/100 M x 10.21 = Metres/100 M 5.83 5.19 45.0 12.5
Bars/100 M x 4.42 = PSI/100 ft.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 121

 AUSTRALIAN STANDARD PVC PN 15 PLASTIC PIPE
C = 150
Pressure Loss in Bars per 100 m SIizes 80 mm through 300 mm

Nominal Nominal
Size 80 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 250 mm 300 mm Size
Pipe ID 76.7 98.9 138.7 198.0 246.4 277.3 Pipe ID
Pipe O.D. 88.9 114.3 160.3 225.3 280.4 315.5 Pipe O.D.
Wall Thick 6.1 7.7 10.8 13.7 17.0 19.1 Wall Thick
Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/ Bars/
Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Velocity 100 M Flow Cu. Flow
Flow L/min MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss MPS Loss M/Hr L/sec
100 0.36 0.02 0.22 0.01 6.0 1.67
125 0.45 0.03 0.27 0.01 7.5 2.08
150 0.54 0.04 0.33 0.01 9.0 2.50
175 0.63 0.05 0.38 0.02 10.5 2.92
200 0.72 0.07 0.43 0.02 12.0 3.33
225 0.81 0.09 0.49 0.03 0.25 0.00 13.5 3.75
250 0.90 0.10 0.54 0.03 0.28 0.01 15.0 4.17
275 0.99 0.12 0.60 0.04 0.30 0.01 16.5 4.58
300 1.08 0.15 0.65 0.04 0.33 0.01 18.0 5.00
325 1.17 0.17 0.71 0.05 0.36 0.01 19.5 5.42
350 1.26 0.19 0.76 0.06 0.39 0.01 21.0 5.83
375 1.35 0.22 0.81 0.06 0.41 0.01 22.5 6.25
400 1.44 0.25 0.87 0.07 0.44 0.01 24.0 6.67
475 1.71 0.34 1.03 0.10 0.52 0.02 28.5 7.92
500 1.80 0.38 1.09 0.11 0.55 0.02 30.0 8.33
550 1.98 0.45 1.19 0.13 0.61 0.03 0.30 0.00 33.0 9.17
600 2.16 0.53 1.30 0.15 0.66 0.03 0.32 0.01 36.0 10.0
650 2.34 0.61 1.41 0.18 0.72 0.03 0.35 0.01 39.0 10.8
700 2.52 0.70 1.52 0.20 0.77 0.04 0.38 0.01 42.0 11.7
750 2.70 0.80 1.63 0.23 0.83 0.04 0.41 0.01 45.0 12.5
800 2.88 0.90 1.74 0.26 0.88 0.05 0.43 0.01 48.0 13.3
850 3.06 1.01 1.85 0.29 0.94 0.06 0.46 0.01 51.0 14.2
900 3.24 1.12 1.95 0.33 0.99 0.06 0.49 0.01 54.0 15.0
950 3.42 1.24 2.06 0.36 1.05 0.07 0.51 0.01 57.0 15.8
1000 3.60 1.36 2.17 0.40 1.10 0.08 0.54 0.01 0.35 0.00 60.0 16.7
1100 3.96 1.62 2.39 0.47 1.21 0.09 0.59 0.02 0.38 0.01 66.0 18.3
1200 4.32 1.90 2.61 0.56 1.32 0.11 0.65 0.02 0.42 0.01 72.0 20.0
1300 4.68 2.21 2.82 0.64 1.43 0.12 0.70 0.02 0.45 0.01 78.0 21.7
1400 5.04 2.53 3.04 0.74 1.54 0.14 0.76 0.03 0.49 0.01 0.39 0.00 84.0 23.3
1500 5.40 2.88 3.26 0.84 1.65 0.16 0.81 0.03 0.52 0.01 0.41 0.01 90.0 25.0
1600 5.76 3.24 3.47 0.95 1.76 0.18 0.87 0.03 0.56 0.01 0.44 0.01 96.0 26.7
1700 3.69 1.06 1.87 0.20 0.92 0.04 0.59 0.01 0.47 0.01 102 28.3
1800 3.91 1.18 1.98 0.23 0.97 0.04 0.63 0.01 0.50 0.01 108 30.0
1900 4.13 1.30 2.09 0.25 1.03 0.04 0.66 0.02 0.52 0.01 114 31.7
2000 4.34 1.43 2.20 0.27 1.08 0.05 0.70 0.02 0.55 0.01 120 33.3
2200 4.78 1.71 2.42 0.33 1.19 0.06 0.77 0.02 0.61 0.01 132 36.7
2400 5.21 2.01 2.64 0.38 1.30 0.07 0.84 0.02 0.66 0.01 144 40.0
2600 5.65 2.33 2.86 0.45 1.41 0.08 0.91 0.03 0.72 0.02 156 43.3
2800 3.08 0.51 1.51 0.09 0.98 0.03 0.77 0.02 168 46.7
3000 3.31 0.58 1.62 0.10 1.05 0.04 0.83 0.02 180 50.0
3200 3.53 0.66 1.73 0.12 1.12 0.04 0.88 0.02 192 53.3
3400 3.75 0.73 1.84 0.13 1.19 0.04 0.94 0.03 204 56.7
3600 3.97 0.82 1.95 0.14 1.26 0.05 0.99 0.03 216 60.0
3800 4.19 0.90 2.05 0.16 1.33 0.06 1.05 0.03 228 63.3
4000 4.41 0.99 2.16 0.18 1.40 0.06 1.10 0.03 240 66.7
4500 4.96 1.23 2.43 0.22 1.57 0.08 1.24 0.04 270 75.0
5000 5.51 1.50 2.70 0.27 1.75 0.09 1.38 0.05 300 83.3
5500 2.97 0.32 1.92 0.11 1.52 0.06 330 91.7
6000 3.24 0.37 2.09 0.13 1.65 0.07 360 100.0
6500 3.51 0.43 2.27 0.15 1.79 0.08 390 108.3
7000 3.78 0.49 2.44 0.17 1.93 0.10 420 116.7
7500 4.05 0.56 2.62 0.19 2.07 0.11 450 125.0
8000 4.33 0.63 2.79 0.22 2.21 0.12 480 133.3
8500 Shaded area represents 4.60 0.71 2.97 0.24 2.34 0.14 510 141.7
9000 velocities over 1.5 mps. Use with 4.87 0.79 3.14 0.27 2.48 0.15 540 150.0
9500 5.14 0.87 3.32 0.30 2.62 0.17 570 158.3
10000 caution where water hammer 5.41 0.96 3.49 0.33 2.76 0.19 600 166.7
10500 is a concern. 5.68 1.05 3.67 0.36 2.89 0.20 630 175.0
11000 5.95 1.14 3.84 0.39 3.03 0.22 660 183.3
11500 4.01 0.43 3.17 0.24 690 191.7
12000 4.19 0.46 3.31 0.26 720 200.0
13000 Conversions: 4.54 0.54 3.58 0.30 780 216.7
14000 Bars/100 M x 100 = kPa/100 M 4.89 0.62 3.86 0.35 840 233.3
15000 5.24 0.70 4.13 0.39 900 250.0
16000 Bars/100 M x 10.21 = Metres/100 M 5.59 0.79 4.41 0.44 960 266.7
17000 Bars/100 M x 4.42 = PSI/100 ft. 5.93 0.88 4.69 0.50 1020 283.3
18000 4.96 0.55 1080 300.0
19000 5.24 0.61 1140 316.7
20000 5.51 0.67 1200 333.3
21000 5.79 0.73 1260 350.0

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 122

WATER METER PRESSURE
Water MeterLOSS CHART
Pressure Loss Chart
Typical Pressure Losses (PSI) Typical Pressure Losses (PSI)
Nominal Size
Flow GPM 5/8" 3/4" 1" 1-1/2" 2" 3" 4"
Flow GPM
1 0.2 0.1 1
2 0.3 0.2 2
3 0.4 0.3 3
4 0.6 0.5 0.1 4
5 0.9 0.6 0.2 5
6 1.3 0.7 0.3 6
7 1.8 0.8 0.4 7
8 2.3 1.0 0.5 8
9 3.0 1.3 0.6 9
10 3.7 1.6 0.7 10
11 4.4 1.9 0.8 11
12 5.1 2.2 0.9 12
13 6.1 2.6 1.0 13
14 7.2 3.1 1.1 14
15 8.3 3.6 1.2 15
16 9.4 4.1 1.4 0.4 16
17 10.7 4.6 1.6 0.5 17
18 12.0 5.2 1.8 0.6 18
19 13.4 5.8 2.0 0.7 19
20 15.0 6.5 2.2 0.8 20
22 7.9 2.8 1.0 22
24 9.5 3.4 1.2 24
26 11.2 4.0 1.4 26
28 13.0 4.6 1.6 28
30 15.0 5.3 1.8 0.7 30
32 6.0 2.1 0.8 32
34 6.9 2.4 0.9 34
36 7.8 2.7 1.0 36
38 8.7 3.0 1.2 38
40 9.6 3.3 1.3 40
42 10.6 3.6 1.4 42
44 11.7 3.9 1.5 44
46 12.8 4.2 1.6 46
48 13.9 4.5 1.7 48
50 15.0 4.9 1.9 50
52 5.3 2.1 52
54 5.7 2.2 54
56 6.2 2.3 56
58 6.7 2.5 58
60 7.2 2.7 1.0 60
65 8.3 3.2 1.1 65
70 9.8 3.7 1.3 70
75 11.3 4.3 1.5 75
80 12.8 4.9 1.6 0.7 80
90 16.1 6.2 2.0 0.8 90
100 20.0 7.8 2.5 0.9 100
110 9.5 2.9 1.0 110
120 11.3 3.4 1.2 120
130 13.0 3.9 1.4 130
140 15.1 4.5 1.6 140
150 17.3 5.1 1.8 150
160 20.0 5.8 2.1 160
170 6.5 2.4 170
180 7.2 2.7 180
190 8.0 3.0 190
200 9.0 3.2 200
220 11.0 3.9 220
240 13.0 4.7 240
260 15.0 5.5 260
280 Note: Shaded areas exceed 75% 17.3 6.3 280
300 of maximum safe meter capacity 20.0 7.2 300
350 10.0 350
400 13.0 400
450 16.2 450
500 20.0 500
75% of 75% of
Max Meter 15 GMP 22.5 GMP 37.5 GMP 75 GMP 120 GMP 225 GMP 375 GMP Max Meter
Capacity Capacity

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 123

PRESSURE LOSS THROUGH WATER METERS
Pressure Loss in Kilopascals: (kPa)

Meter Size
Flow L/min 15mm 20mm 25mm 40mm Flow L/min
3.8 1.38 0.69 3.8
7.6 2.07 1.38 7.6
11.4 2.76 2.07 11.4
15.1 4.14 3.45 0.69 15.1
19.0 6.21 4.14 1.38 19.0
22.7 8.96 4.83 2.07 22.7
26.5 12.41 5.52 2.76 26.5
30.3 15.86 6.90 3.45 30.3
34.1 20.69 8.96 4.14 34.1
37.8 25.51 11.03 4.83 37.8
41.6 30.34 13.10 5.52 41.6
45.4 35.16 15.17 6.21 45.4
49.2 42.06 17.93 6.90 49.2
53.0 49.64 21.37 7.58 53.0
56.8 57.23 24.82 8.27 56.8
60.6 64.81 28.27 9.65 2.76 60.6
64.4 73.78 31.72 11.03 3.45 64.4
68.1 82.74 35.85 12.41 4.14 68.1
72.0 92.39 39.99 13.79 4.83 72.0
75.7 103.43 44.82 15.17 5.52 75.7
83.3 54.47 19.31 6.90 83.3
90.8 65.50 23.44 8.27 90.8
98.4 77.22 27.58 9.65 98.4
106.0 89.64 31.72 11.03 106.0
113.6 103.43 36.54 12.41 113.6
121.1 41.37 14.48 121.1
128.7 47.58 16.55 128.7
136.3 53.78 18.62 136.3
143.8 59.99 20.69 143.8
151.4 66.19 22.75 151.4
159.0 73.09 24.82 159.0
166.5 80.67 26.89 166.5
174.1 88.26 28.96 174.1
181.7 95.84 31.03 181.7
189.3 103.43 33.79 189.3
196.8 36.54 196.8
204.4 39.30 204.4
212.0 42.75 212.0
219.5 46.20 219.5
227.1 49.64 227.1
246.0 57.23 246.0
265.0 67.57 265.0
283.9 77.91 283.9
302.8 88.26 302.8

Note: The greatest pressure loss reflects the maximum safe capacity for the meter.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 124

LOSS OF PRESSURE DUE TO FRICTION IN ORDINARY RUBBER HOSE
Loss in Pounds per Sq. Inch (PSI) per 100 Feet of Length Sizes ½"through 5"

Flow
of Water
in U.S.
GPM ½ ⅝" ¾" 1" 1¼" 1½" 2" 2½" 3" 4" 5"
0.5 0.40
1.5 3.02 1.01 0.42
2.5 7.75 2.58 1.08
5 27.80 9.27 3.86 0.95 0.32 0.13
10 99.50 33.20 13.80 3.38 1.14 0.47
15 71.00 29.60 7.25 2.45 1.01 0.25 0.08
20 121.00 50.30 12.40 4.15 1.71 0.42 0.14
25 76.50 18.70 6.34 2.60 0.64 0.22
30 108.00 26.50 8.96 3.68 0.90 0.30 0.13
35 142.00 34.80 11.80 4.83 1.18 0.40 0.17
40 44.70 15.10 6.20 1.52 0.51 0.21
45 55.00 18.60 7.65 1.87 0.63 0.26
50 67.50 22.80 9.35 2.28 0.78 0.32
60 94.30 31.80 13.10 3.19 1.08 0.45
70 126.00 42.50 17.50 4.25 1.44 0.60
80 50.60 22.50 5.48 1.86 0.77
90 67.50 27.80 6.80 2.30 0.95 0.23
100 81.50 33.50 8.19 2.78 1.15 0.28
125 124.00 50.60 12.40 4.20 1.73 0.43
150 72.10 17.60 5.97 2.46 0.60 0.20
175 94.50 23.10 7.83 3.23 0.79 0.27
200 122.00 29.60 10.10 4.15 1.02 0.34
225 36.80 12.50 5.15 1.26 0.43
250 44.60 15.20 6.25 1.53 0.52
275 55.30 18.10 7.45 1.83 0.62
300 62.50 21.20 8.75 2.15 0.73

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 125

ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT C VALUES FOR HAZEN-WILLIAMS EQUATION
Values of C Type Of Pipe Range New Pipe Design C
PVC 160–145 150 150
Polyethylene 150–130 140 140
Asbestos-Cement 160–140 150 140
Cement-Lined Steel 160–140 150 140
Welded Steel 150–80 140 100
Riveted Steel 140–90 110 100
Concrete 150–85 120 100
Wrought or Cast Iron 150–80 130 100
Copper, Brass 150–120 140 130
Wood Stave 145–110 120 110
Vitrified Clay 110 100
Corrugated Steel 60 60

Above values of C for use with Hazen-Williams Equation, friction head losses in PSI per foot of pipe length for fresh
water at 60 degrees Fahrenheit.

H f = 0.00090194 a C k
1.852
100 1.852 Q
4.866
d
Where:
Hf = head loss due to friction in pounds per square inch (PSI)
C = Hazen Williams coefficient for roughness of the inside of the pipe
Q = flow in gallons per minute (GPM)
d = inside diameter of pipe in inches
L = length of pipe in feet

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 126

REFERENCE TABLES OF SELECTED DATA
Head Losses Through Standard Foot Valves

1½" 2" 2½" 3" 4" 6" 8" 10" 12"

Flow in GPM
Head Loss in
Feet
1 39 66 96 152 268 632 1122 1805 2603
2 57 97 140 221 390 919 1632 2625 3786
3 71 120 175 275 486 1145 2032 3269 4713
4 83 141 204 322 568 1337 2374 3819 5507
5 94 159 230 363 641 1509 2678 4308 6213
6 104 175 254 401 707 1665 2956 4755 6836
7 113 190 276 435 769 1810 3212 5168 7452
8 121 205 297 468 826 1945 3453 5555 8010
9 129 218 317 499 880 2073 3680 5920 8636
10 137 231 335 528 932 2195 3896 6267 9037

TABLE OF APPROXIMATE PRESSURE LOSSES FOR PIPE FITTINGS

Listed in Equivalent Feet of Pipe

Steel Fitting Type ½" ¾" 1" 1¼" 1½" 2" 2½" 3" 4" 6" 8"
Coupling 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
Run of St. Tee 1.0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0 5.0 7.0 10.0
Tee, Side Outlet 3.0 4.5 5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 16.0 20.0 31.0 42.0
Tee, Run Reduced ½" 1.5 2.5 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 20.0
Elbow, 90° 1.5 2.5 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 20.0
Elbow, 45° 0.75 1.0 1.3 1.7 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 5.0 7.5 10.0
Corporation Stop 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0
Curb Stop 6.0 6.0 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.0

Plastic IPS or
Copper Fitting Type ½" ¾" 1" 1¼" 1½" 2" 2½" 3" 4" 6" 8"
Coupling 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 11.0 18.0 24.0
Run of St. Tee 2.5 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 8.0 9.0 11.0 15.0 21.0 28.0
Tee, Side Outlet 7.0 9.0 12.0 15.0 18.0 24.0 30.0 36.0 45.0 70.0 90.0
Tee, Run Reduced ½" 3.5 4.5 6.0 8.0 9.0 11.0 14.0 17.0 24.0 34.0 45.0
Elbow, 90° 3.5 4.5 6.0 8.0 9.0 11.0 14.0 17.0 24.0 34.0 45.0
Elbow, 34° 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 7.0 8.0 10.0 16.0 20.0

To use this chart, multiply the approximate equivalent feet of pipe value by the proper pipe pressure loss per
100 feet rating, then divide by 100. The result is the fitting loss in PSI.
Note: It is recommended that the above chart be used only when the manufacturers recommended pressure loss
values are not available.

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 127

PRESSURE LOSS THROUGH SWING CHECK VALVES
Pressure Loss (PSI)

Flow Valve Size Flow Valve Size

GPM ½" ¾" 1" 1¼" 1½" 2" GPM 1¼" 1½" 2" 2½" 3" 4"
2 0.2 46 2.1 1.1 0.4
3 0.5 48 2.2 1.2 0.5
6 1.0 0.3 50 2.4 1.3 0.5
8 1.7 0.5 55 2.9 1.5 0.6
10 2.6 0.8 0.3 60 3.4 1.8 0.7
12 3.6 1.1 0.5 65 3.9 2.0 0.8
14 4.8 1.5 0.6 70 4.5 2.4 0.9 0.4
16 2.0 0.9 75 2.7 1.0 0.5
18 2.4 1.0 80 3.0 1.2 0.6
20 3.0 1.2 0.4 90 3.7 1.5 0.7
22 3.5 1.4 0.5 100 4.6 1.8 0.9 0.4
24 4.1 1.7 0.6 120 2.5 1.2 0.5
26 4.8 2.0 0.7 0.4 140 3.3 1.6 0.7
28 2.2 0.8 0.5 160 4.3 2.1 0.9 0.3
30 2.5 0.9 0.5 180 5.3 2.6 1.1 0.4
32 2.9 1.1 0.6 200 6.5 3.1 1.4 0.5
34 3.2 1.2 0.6 250 4.7 2.1 0.7
36 3.6 1.3 0.7 300 6.6 2.9 1.0
38 3.9 1.5 0.8 350 3.8 1.3
40 4.3 1.6 0.8 0.3 400 4.9 1.7
42 4.7 1.7 0.9 0.3 450 2.1
44 1.9 1.0 0.4 500 2.6

PRESSURE LOSSES THROUGH COPPER AND BRONZE FITTINGS

Equivalent Feet of Straight Tubing

Wrought Copper Cast Bronze

Nominal
Tube 90° 45° Tee Side 90° 180° 90° 45° Tee Side Compression
Size Elbow Elbow Tee Run Outlet Bend Bend Elbow Elbow Tee Run Outlet Stop
³/₈ 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 0.5 ¹₂ 1 0.5 0.5 2 9
½ 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 0.5 1 1 1 0.5 2 13
⁵/₈ 0.5 0.5 0.5 2 1 1 2 1 0.5 3 17
¾ 1 0.5 0.5 2 1 2 2 1 0.5 3 21
1 1 1 0.5 3 2 2 4 2 0.5 5 30
1¼ 2 1 0.5 4 2 3 5 2 1 7
1½ 2 2 1 5 2 4 8 3 1 9
2 2 2 1 7 3 8 11 5 2 12
2½ 2 3 2 9 4 16 14 8 2 16
3 3 4 5 20 18 11 2 20
3½ 4 7 24 24 14 2 31
4 8 28 28 17 2 37
5 10 37 41 22 2 48
6 13 47 52 28 2 61

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 128

PRESSURE LOSSES IN VALVES AND FITTINGS

Example: The dotted line shows that the pressure loss in a

6 inch standard elbow is equivalent to approximately 16 feet
of 6 inch standard pipe.

Note: For sudden enlargements or sudden contractions, use

the smaller diameter, “d”, on the pipe size scale.

Globe Valve, Open

Gate Valve, Open 3000

2000

1000
50
48
500 42
Standard Tee 36
Angle Valve, Open
300 30 30

200
24
22
20 20
Close Return Bend 100 18
16
Normal Diameter of Standard Pipe, Inches 14
Equivalent Length of Straight Pipe, Feet

50
Sprinkler Angle Control 12
Valve, Open
30 10 10

Inside Diameter, Inches

Standard Tee d D 9
Through Side Outlet
20 8
Sudden Enlargement
7
d =¼
D 6
d =½ 10
D 5 5
d =¾
Standard Elbow or Run D 4½
of Tee Reduced Z|x 5 4
D d 3½
3 3 3
Ordinary Entrance
2 2½
D d
2 2
Medium Sweep Elbow or Run
of Tee Reduced Z|v Sudden Contraction 1
d =¼ 1½
D 1¼
d =½
D 0.5
d =¾
D 1 1
0.3
Long Sweep Elbow or Run ¾
of Standard Tee 0.2

45˚ Elbow
½
0.1
0.5

HUNTER Handbook of Technical Information FRICTION LOSS CHARTS 129

 Helping our customers succeed is what drives us. While our passion
for innovation and engineering is built into everything we do, it is our
commitment to exceptional support that we hope will keep you in
the Hunter family of customers for years to come.

Gregory R. Hunter, President of Hunter Industries

Website hunterindustries.com |  Spec Pro Hotline 800-319-4796 |  Technical Service 760-591-7383

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