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Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions

1. The document provides examples of taking derivatives of trigonometric, exponential, and other complex functions using techniques like the chain rule. 2. Key steps shown include taking derivatives of trigonometric functions like sec(x), cot(x), and csc(x); using the chain rule to differentiate functions of functions; and simplifying derivatives of powers and quotients. 3. A variety of practice problems are worked through demonstrating how to apply differentiation rules to complex algebraic and trigonometric expressions.

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ANGEL ALBERT
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161 views9 pages

Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions

1. The document provides examples of taking derivatives of trigonometric, exponential, and other complex functions using techniques like the chain rule. 2. Key steps shown include taking derivatives of trigonometric functions like sec(x), cot(x), and csc(x); using the chain rule to differentiate functions of functions; and simplifying derivatives of powers and quotients. 3. A variety of practice problems are worked through demonstrating how to apply differentiation rules to complex algebraic and trigonometric expressions.

Uploaded by

ANGEL ALBERT
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MATH113

CALCULUS 1
(Differential Calculus)
By: ENGR. CLYDE SHENE O. FLORES
4 DERIVATIVE OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
Knowing the derivatives of the sine and cosine functions, you can use
the Quotient Rule to find the derivatives of the four remaining
trigonometric functions.
d d sinx
(tanx) = ( )
dx dx cosx
cosx d [sinx] – sinx d [cosx]
= dx dx
(cosx)2
cosx(cosx) – sinx(–sinx)
=
cos2 x
cos2 x + sin2 x
=
cos2 x
1
=
cos2 x
=sec2x
4 DERIVATIVE OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

d
[ tan x ] = sec2 x
dx

d
[ sec x ] = secx tanx
dx

d
[ cot x ] = –csc2 x
dx

d
[ csc x ] = –cscx cotx
dx
EXAMPLE 13 Derivative of Trigonometric functions

QUESTION: Differentiate the following functions:

Function: Derivative:

dy
a. y = x – tanx = 1 – sec2 x
dx

b. y = x sec x y' = x(secx tanx) + (secx)(1)


= secx(x tanx +1)

1 – cosx y' = – cscx cotx – (– csc2x)


c. y =
sinx
y = cscx – cotx = – cscx cotx + csc2x
5 THE CHAIN RULE

If y = f(u) is a differentiable function of u and u = g(x) is a differentiable


function of x, then y = f(g(x)) is a differentiable function of and

dy dy du
= •
dx du dx

or equivalently,

d
[ f(g(x)) ] = f’ (g(x)) g’(x)
dx
EXAMPLE 14 Derivative using Chain Rule

QUESTION: Differentiate the following functions:


Applying the General Power rule:

f(x) = (3x – 2x2)3 u = 3x – 2x2 y = u3

f'(x) = f’ (g(x)) g’(x)


= 3(3x – 2x2)2 (3 – 4x)
= 3(9x2 – 6x3 – 6x3 + 4x4) (3 – 4x)
= 3(9x2 – 12x3 + 4x4) (3 – 4x)
= (27x2 – 36x3 + 12x4) (3 – 4x)
= 81x2 – 108x3 + 36x4 – 108x3 + 144x4 – 48x5
f’(x) = – 48x5 + 180x4 – 216x3 + 81x2
EXAMPLE 15 Derivative using Chain Rule

QUESTION: Differentiate the following functions:


Differentiating functions involving Radicals:

f(x) = (x2 – 1)2


3

2
f(x) = (x2 – 1) 3
u= x2 –1
2
y=u 3

f'(x) = f’ (g(x)) g’(x)


2 2 −
1
= (x – 1) 3 (2x)
3
4x
= 1
3(x – 1) 3
2
3
4x 4x (x2 – 1)2 𝟑
4x (x2 – 1)2
f'(x) = 𝟑 2 = 3 2 • =
3 x –1 3 x –1 3
(x2 – 1)2 3x2 – 3
EXAMPLE 16 Derivative using Chain Rule

QUESTION: Differentiate the following functions:


Differentiating quotients: Constant numerators

–7
g(t) =
(2t – 3)2
g(t) = –7(2t – 3)–2 u = 2t – 3 y = –7u–2
g'(t) = f’ (g(x)) g’(x)
= –7(–2)(2t – 3)–3 (2)
= 28(2t – 3)–3
28
g'(t) =
(2t – 3)3
EXAMPLE 17 Derivative using Chain Rule

QUESTION: Differentiate the following functions:


Simplifying the derivative of a power
3x – 1 2 3x – 1
y=( ) u= y = u2
x +3
2 x2 + 3
3x – 1 (x2 + 3)(3) – (3x – 1)(2x)
y’ = 2 ( 2 )( )
x +3 (x2 + 3)2
6x – 2 1 (3x2 + 9 –(6x2 – 2x)
=( 2 ) ( )
x +3 (x2 + 3)2
(6x – 2) (–3x2 + 2x + 9)
=
(x2 + 3)3
–18x3 + 12x2 + 54x + 6x2 – 4x – 18
=
(x2 + 3)3
–18x3 + 18x2 + 50x – 18
y’ =
(x2 + 3)3

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