IMPRESSED CURRENT ANODES
Magnetite anodes German Cathodic Protection
Document No.: 04-100-R1
Sheet: 1 of 5
Magnetite (Fe3O4) is a natural mineral with good Special features:
conductivity and a high degree of oxidation that
makes it resistant to corrosion even at high operates at high current densities with extremely
temperatures. Careful alloying with other minerals low dissolution
can produce anodes with excellent electrochemical
properties and mechanical strength. not susceptible to ripple in DC supply
The magnetite anode is casted in hollow cylindrical no limit on DC voltage output
forms to minimise weight and to facilitate cable-to-
anode connections at the centre of the anode. This light weight and easy to install, removable for
center cable-to-anode connection allows a uniform inspection and reinstallment
current distribution at the anode surface.
centre cable-to-anode connection for uniform
The surface of the anode in the hollow centre is lined current distribution and consumption of anode
with a layer of copper of optimum thickness and surface
length to ensure a highly reliable current conduction
between cable connector and anode. Specific gravity 4.7 - 4.8 kg / dm3
The hollow annular space is filled with a dielectric Brinell hardness 344 HB
compound after the cable connection is made and Bending strength 5 kN / cm2
the ends of the anode are sealed with anode caps Density 4.71 g / cm3
to prevent ingress of foreign matter. Melting point 1500 °C
Consumption rate 0.02 kg/A year
Current density 1) 0.7 A/dm2
1) depends on environment
Conductive layer Compression sleeve Anode cap
Magnetite Porous body Centre connected spring Resin filler Cable
Highlights:
The magnetite anode performance has been tested for several years. Endusers, technical analysts and
independent research laboratories have regulary confirmed its reliability as an anode.
Quality and value additions:
independent series of examinations and selection of castings for the making of the anodes
experienced-based selection of anode caps and lead materials according to enduser specifications and
environmental conditions
impregnable anode cap connections with corrosion resistant material and special welding process
special electrical resistance and potential tests to confirm uniform current distribution without hot spots
controlled sealing of anode hollow annular space with special dielectric compound
a full range of accessories for easy installation, inspection and replacement according to enduser specified
requirements and environmental conditions
IMPRESSED CURRENT ANODES
Magnetite anodes German Cathodic Protection
Document No.: 04-100-R1
Sheet: 2 of 5
TYPE: MA-U
Surrounding electrolyte: neutral soil and water without chlorine and sulphate content
Applications: shallow groundbeds, deep groundbeds
Diameter 60 mm
Total length 720 mm
Effective length 670 mm
Total weight 6.0 kg
Minimum effective mass 4.7 kg
Surface area 13.4 dm2
Max. current load 3.0 A
TYPE: MA-CS
Surrounding electrolyte: chlorine and/or sulphate containing soil or stagnant water
Applications: shallow groundbeds, deep groundbeds
Diameter 60 mm
Total length 760 mm
Effective length 710 mm
Total weight 6.0 kg
Minimum effective mass 4.7 kg
Surface area 13.4 dm2
Max. current load 6.0 A
TYPE: MA-SEA
Surrounding electrolyte: flowing seawater or brackish water
Applications: platforms, jetties, harbours
Diameter 60 mm
Total length 760 mm
Effective length 710 mm
Total weight 6.0 kg
Minnimum effective mass 4.7 kg
Surface area 13.4 dm2
Max. current load 16.0 A
TYPE: MA-CHAIN-1
Surrounding electrolyte: chlorine containing soil or stagnant water
Applications: deep groundbeds open hole, deep groundbeds closed hole, water tanks
Diameter 60 mm
Total length 740 mm
Effective length 600 mm
Total weight 6.2 kg
Minimum effective mass 4.7 kg
Surface area 11.3 dm2
Max. current load (groundbeds) 6.0 A
Max. current load (tanks) 16.0 A
TYPE: MA-CHAIN-2
Surrounding electrolyte: chlorine containing soil or stagnant water
Applications: deep groundbeds open hole, deep groundbeds closed hole, water tanks
Diameter 60 mm
Total length 740 mm
Effective length 600 mm
Total weight 6.2 kg
Minimum effective mass 4.7 kg
Surface area 11.3 dm2
Max. current load (groundbeds) 6.0 A
Max. current load (tanks) 16.0 A
IMPRESSED CURRENT ANODES
Magnetite anodes German Cathodic Protection
Document No.: 04-100-R1
Sheet: 3 of 5
CANISTER FOR TYPE: MA-U + TYPE: MA-CS
COKE BACKFILL
Minimum carbon content 90 %
Maximum moisture content 5 %
Maximum resistivity 1 Ωm
Density 700-950 kg/m3
Maximum particle size (dia.) 20 mm
Standard canister Diameter Length Total weight
CAN 10 160 mm 1000 mm 22 kg
CAN 15 300 mm 1500 mm 85 kg
CAN 20 300 mm 2000 mm 110 kg
CAN 21 160 mm 2100 mm 46 kg
IMPRESSED CURRENT ANODES
Magnetite anodes German Cathodic Protection
Document No.: 04-100-R1
Sheet: 4 of 5
Type: MA-CHAIN-1
Maximum carrying load of fixing device up to 1.10 kN
Special type magnetite anode chains that can be used for As open hole anode groundbed they, can be used in
either open or closed hole deep well anode groundbeds. conjunction with non-conductive slotted casing without
backfill but they can also be used in close hole groundbeds
with coke backfill material in case of unstable or non-
existing static water level.
Anode cable PVDF 1 x 10 mm2
to junction box All parts of anodes, anode chains and suspension devices
are made of material resistant against low pH values,
DETAIL -A- high chloride content of water and high concentrations
of chlorine gas.
Titanium wire
Each anode is centre connected to the cable using a
copper compression clamp and a bronze connection
Heat shrinked cable spring. The internal space is filled with a two component
pulling grip mixture of polyurethane and polyester.
Each anode chain has one individual lead cable connection
and is suspended by one heat shrinked cable pulling grip,
Heat shrinked tube fixed to a titanium wire, ready for fixing on suspension
Anode cap: PVDF device inside groundbed head structure.
PVDF sintering
Magnetite anode
Head structure
Crash barrier
Anode junction box
Concrete foundation
Soil layer
Soil layer
Non-conductive casing
Water level
Perforated non-conductive
casing (Anode section)
DETAIL -A-
Anode cable, Magnetite anode chain
termnated inside anode
junction box
Titanium wire wound twice
around the fixing device inside
groundbed head structure
IMPRESSED CURRENT ANODES
Magnetite anodes German Cathodic Protection
Document No.: 04-100-R1
Sheet: 5 of 5
Type: MA-CHAIN-2
For carrying load of fixing device > 1.10 kN
Special type magnetite anode chains that can be used for As open hole anode groundbed, they can be used in
either open or closed hole deep well anode groundbeds. conjunction with non-conductive slotted casing without
backfill but they can also be used in close hole groundbeds
with coke backfill material in case of unstable or non
Anode cable PVDF 1 x 10 mm2 -existing static water level.
to junction box
All parts of anodes, anode chains and suspension devices
Anode chain suspension device
DETAIL -A- are made of material resistant against low pH values,
inside head structure high chloride content of water and high concentrations
of chlorine gas.
Steel rope: PVDF insulated
Each anode is centre connected to the cable using a
copper compression clamp and a bronze connection
Heat shrinked tube spring. The internal space is filled with a two component
Suspension clamp: PVDF
mixture of polyurethane and polyester.
Anode cap: PVDF Each anode chain has one individual lead cable connection
PVDF sintering ready for fixing on suspension device inside groundbed
head structure.
Magnetite anode
Head structure
Crash barrier
Anode junction box
Concrete foundation
Soil layer
Soil layer
Non-conductive casing
DETAIL -A- Water level
Perforated non-conductive
casing (Anode section)
Anode cables, terminated Magnetite anode chain
inside anode junction box
Anode chain suspension
device
