TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACTIVITY TITLE PAGE DATE SCORE

NO. NUMBER PERFORMED
1 Medication and Prescription Order 1-8

2 Dosing Schedule and Extemporaneous

Compound Pharmaceutical Products

3 Pharmaceutical Care

4 Pharmaceutical Care Plan

5 Medication Error and Ethics

6 Adverse Drug Reactions

7 Medication Adherence / Patient Compliance

8 Pharmaceutical Incompatibilities:Physical and

Chemical Incompatibilities (In vitro)

9 Therapeutic Incompatibilities (Drug

Interactions) (In vivo)

10 Patient Counseling

College of Pharmacy|Dispensing II Laboratory Manual 2020 Page 1

 ACTIVITY NO. 1
MEDICATION AND PRESCRIPTION ORDER

Objective: At the end of this period, the students are expected to:
1. Identify the components of a prescription and medication order
2. Evaluate the types of error in prescription
3. Identify the requirements in acquiring a dangerous drug
4. Interpret abbreviations and symbols that are commonly used in
prescriptions and medication orders

DISCUSSION
Prescription and medication orders are the primary means by which prescribers
communicate with pharmacists regarding the desired treatment regimen for a patient.
Before dispensing the prescription or medication order, the pharmacist’s responsibility is
to evaluate the prescription or medication order for appropriateness. This includes
ensuring the correct drug, dose and dosage form, frequency,route of administration,
duration of therapy and indication. The process helps ensure that the benefits of the
therapy are maximized and the potential for harm is minimized.
Table 1. Commonly used abbreviations in prescription writing,along with their definition

Note: Words with asterisk (*) were identified by the Joint Commission and the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) to be
frequently misinterpreted and involved in harmful medication errors. ISMP has published a comprehensive list of symbols,
abbreviations, and dose designations that lead to harmful medication errors called ISMP’s List of Error-Prone Abbreviations, Symbols,
and Dose Designations. The use of these should be avoided; however, they are still being used so their definitions need to be
understood. Periods may or may not be present in between letters.
TYPES OF ERROR IN PRESCRIPTION

According to Administrative Order No. 62, Series of 1989 dated March 9, 1989, there are
3 types of error in prescription and those are:
- Violative prescription
- Erroneous prescription
- Impossible prescription

Erroneous Prescriptions
-brand name precedes the generic name
-generic name is the one in parenthesis
-brand name is not in parentheses
-more than one drug product is prescribed on one prescription form.
What to do with erroneous prescriptions
Erroneous prescriptions shall be filed. Such prescription shall also be kept and
reported by the pharmacist of the drug outlet or any other interested party to the
nearest DOH office for appropriate action.

Violative Prescriptions
-generic name is not written
-generic name is not legible and a brand name which is legible is written
-brand name is indicated and instructions added (such as the phrase " no
substitution") which tend to obstruct, hinder or prevent proper generic
dispensing.
What to do with violative prescriptions
Violative prescriptions shall not be filed. They are kept and reported by the
pharmacist of drug outlet or any other interested party to the nearest DOH office for
appropriate action. The pharmacist shall advise the prescriber of the problem and/or
instruct the customer to get the proper prescription.

Impossible Prescriptions
-only the generic name is written but it is not legible.
-generic name does not correspond to the brand name
-both the generic name and the brand name are not legible
-the drug product prescribed is not registered with FDA Philippines
What to do with impossible prescriptions
Impossible prescription shall not be filed. They shall be and reported by the
pharmacist of drug outlet or any other interested party to the nearest DOH office for
appropriate action. The pharmacist shall advise the prescriber of the problem and/or
instruct the customer to get the proper prescription.

Note: In all cases enumerated in violative and impossible prescriptions, the local DOH office shall
be responsible for giving written notice to the erring doctor concerned and for transmitting
through channels the report of violation/error to the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC)
or to the fiscal's office for appropriate action.
 Name: MAQUISO, JACKIELOU L. Date: SEPTEMBER 21, 2020

Group #: Schedule: MTH Score:

ACTIVITY NO. 1

MEDICATION AND PRESCRIPTION ORDER

A. IDENTIFY THE COMPONENTS OF A MEDICATION AND PRESCRIPTION ORDER

Instructions: Identify what type of order is shown below. Draw an arrow on every component of
the medication/prescription order and put a label and write a brief description on the space
below the sample medication/prescription order.

PATIENTS
INFORMATIO PRESCRIBERS
INFORMATION

INSCRIPTIO
DATE PRESCRIPTION
WAS WRITTEN

SPECIAL

ANSWER:
PRESCRIPTION ORDER
1. Prescribers information – this is needed to authenticate the prescription before dispensing
2. Patients information – for proper identification of patient and to determine the age group
3. Superscription – it is a sign of practice
4. Date – to know the validity of prescription and to avoid unnecessary refilling of the prescription
5. Subscription – for dispensing of correct and proper medication to the patient. It is the instruction to pharmacists
6. Inscription – where medication prescribed is written
7. Signa – instructions for the patient
SUPERSCRIPTIO
8. Special instruction - Provide the number of refills the patient should need to complete the cycle of drug treatment

SIGN

SUBSCRIPTIO
 Patients
Full Name

Date and
Time the
order was
written Route of Name of
Administratio Prescriber

Name of
medicatio ORDERING
INFORMATION

Time and Frequency

of medication

ANSWER:
1. Patients full name – necessary to know which patient does the medication belong
2. Date and time – the date and time the medication request was made
3. Ordering information – composed of route of administration, name of medication, time and frequency

B. TYPES OF ERROR IN PRESCRIPTION- INSTRUCTION- Identify what type of error in prescription

and write your action as a pharmacist whether to DISPENSE or DO NOT DISPENSE.

Type: Erroneous Prescription

What to do: Dispense

1.

College of Pharmacy|Dispensing II Laboratory Manual 2020 Page 6

 Type: Violative Prescription
What to do: DO NOT

2.

Type: Impossible Prescription

What to do: DO NOT

3.

Type: Erroneous Prescription

What to do: Dispense

4.

Type: Violative Prescription

What to do: DO NOT
 C. What are the requirements that needs to be presented to purchase a dangerous drug from an
S3 licensed pharmacy?

1. The prescription itself (in triplicate copies)

 Check if there is a S2 license number
 Date issued
2. Valid government ID

D. How many times a year is an S3 license being renewed?

- Twice a year

E. Why are the remaining quantity/purchased quantity of the Dangerous Drug be written both in
words and numerical figures?
- To avoid confusion and superimpositions.

F. What is the importance of checking the validity of the prescription?

- Check the body of the prescription and inscription.

College of Pharmacy|Dispensing II Laboratory Manual 2020 Page 8

 G. Identify the following abbreviations

1. MS- Morphine sulfate/Magnesium sulfate

2. HNBB- Hyoscine butylbromide

3. NAC- N-acetylcystein

4. MTX- Methotrexate

5. EC in Aspilet EC- Enteric-coated

6. FR in Alaxan FR- Fast result

7. FP in Dolan FP- For Pain

8. NSS- Normal Saline Solution

9. LR- Lactated Ringer’s injection

10. D5LR- Dextrose 5% Lactated Ringer’s injection

11. APAP- Acetaminophen

12. XR- Extended Release

13. SR- Sustained Release

14. IR- Interventional Radiology

15. ASA-Aspirin

16. aPTT- Partial Thromboplastin Time

17. AZT- Azidothymidine

18. BCP- Birth Control Pill

19. BPH-Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

20. CBC- Complete Blood Count

21. D/C- Discontinue

22. D5NS- Dextrose 5% Normal Saline

23. DAW- Dispense As Written

24. DKA- Diabetic Ketoacidosis

25. DOB- Date of Birth

26. UA- Uric acid, Urinalysis

27. FBS- Fasting Blood Sugar

28. PDEA – Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency

29. GERD- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

30. GI- Gastrointestinal

31. GTT- Glucose Tolerance Test

32. gtt- Drops

33. hx- History

34. px- Patient

35. sx- Symptoms

36. tx- Treatment

37. HCTZ- Hydrochlorothiazide

38. HS- At bedtime

39. IUD- Intrauterine device

40. LMP-Last Mentrual Period

41. MDI- Metered Dose Inhaler

42. MMR- Measles, Mumps, and Rubella

43. N/V – Nausea/Vomiting

44. NKA- No Known Allergies

45. NSAID- Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs

46. NTE- None-Targeted Effects

47. OJ- Oral Jejunum

48. OU- Both eyes

49. PMH- Past medical history

50. RDA- Recommended Dietary Allowance