N

W E

3m×3m

National Forest Inventory

1m ×1m
Bamboo (non-clump forming)
Sample Tree
(North Quadrate) 7.64m

in India Soil & Forest Floor

(1m×1m)

22.36m

0.1 ha Plot

Shrub & Tree Regeneration

Soil & Forest Floor

Herb
 Introduction : Forest Survey of India
• A National Organization under the Ministry of
Environment and Forests, Government of India
• Devoted to Forest Resource Assessment at the
National Level
• In service of the Nation since 1965
 1986
Introduction : Evolution of the
Organisation FSI – New Mandate

•Biennial forest cover mapping &

preparation of SFR
1981 •field inventory of forests and
trees outside forests
•impart training to forestry
FSI personnel in modern forest
survey and inventory techniques
•Periodic monitoring of the forest
resources •support and oversee
1965 techniques/inventory work
•Serve the data needs of undertaken by State/UT forest
development planning department.
PISFR •Serve as nucleus for the •undertake project based
technological advancement and activities of the State Forest
consultancy in the field of forest Departments and central
•Assess availability of raw
mapping and inventory government organizations.
material for establishment
of wood based industries in •Training of forestry personnel
selected forest rich regions
(FAO/UNDP/GOI project)
•Provide institutional base for
international cooperation and
training
 State of Forest Repository of
Reports data on Forest
Resources

Time series
data on forest
Core Competence cover
• Remote sensing based
mapping of forest resources
•Inventory of forest resources

Carbon
Assessment

Imparting
Large number
of Thematic Training
Maps
 Forest Inventory – Objectives

[Link] [Link]
Information Information

- Stratum wise
growing stock - Legal status
- Species wise - Land use
growing stock - Biotic influence
- Diameter class wise - Fire incidence
distribution - Grazing incidence
- Regeneration status etc.
etc.
 Brief background
From 1965 to 1981
Field inventory of unexplored forest areas started after
launch of a FAO/UNDP/GOI project named as Pre-
Investment Survey of Forest Resources (PISFR) in 1965
which led foundation of NFI

• Forest Inventory confined to certain project areas for

setting up wood based industries

• Sampling design adopted as per prevailing condition of

areas

7
 Brief background
From 1981 to 2001
• PISFR was renamed as FSI, a fully Govt of India organization in
1981
• Inventory was continued as before with a uniform sampling
design. The project areas was divided into grids of 2½’ x 2½’ and
Systematic sampling followed by taking two plots of 0.1 ha in each
grid
• Each year only selected districts covered due to limitation of
manpower and districts/state level reports produced
• About three fourth of forested area of country could be
inventorised in 20 years
• About 140 reports have been published on forest inventory.

8
 Brief background
From 2002 onwards
• Since all earlier inventory work was carried out in
different parts of the country at different time, it was
not possible to generate national estimates of growing
stock for forest and TOF.
• Therefore, sampling design was modified in 2002 to
have a national level estimates of GS both for forest and
TOF.
• Thus from 2002 onwards, NFI has three components:
– Inventory of Forests mainly inside the recorded forest area
– Inventory of TOF (Rural): outside the recorded forest area in rural
areas
– Inventory of TOF (Urban): outside the recorded forest area in urban
areas.

9
 NFI Methodology since 2002
Stratified country into 14 60 districts are selected randomly for District are divided into grid of
physiographic zones inventory in a cycle of 2 yrs 2½  2½.

Selected
District

A square sample plot of size 0.1 ha is two sub-grids of 1¼  1¼ are Each grid of 2½  2½ are
laid out at the centre of each selected randomly. divided into four sub-grids of
selected forest sub-grid. 1¼  1¼ .

5’ 2½’ 5’

TWO SAMPLE PLOTS

2½’
2½’
ARE SELECTED BY TAKING

CENTER OF 1¼’X 1¼’ GRID 1¼’

5’ 1¼’ 5’
2½’

dbh of all tree over 10 cm recorded, inconsistency check of sample

litter and soil sample collected, data is done through software
regeneration status, bamboo, land and then processed for
use, legal status, crop composition, generating different estimates
etc are recorded.
Physiographic Zones of India

14 Physiographic Zones

Based on
 Physiography
 Climate
 Vegetation
Randomly selected 60 districts
Laying out of grids on topographic sheet of 1:50,000 scale in
the office
Marking of grids on toposheets
 Distribution of sample plots in a District

’
5’ 2½’ 5’
Two sample plots are randomly
selected. Thereafter, every
alternate 1¼’X 1¼’ GRID is
systematically selected to form
2½’
two systematic samples. At center 2½’

of selected 1¼’X 1¼’ SUB GRID,
1¼’
sample plots of 0.1 ha is laid out.

15
5’ 1¼’ 5’
2½’
 Sample plots Square Plot
Length of diagonal= 44.8 M
Length of side = 31.6 M
Circular Plot
Radius of circle = 80 M

Soil depth

Rockiness Area under different

land use classes
Humus
0.1 Ha Square
Origin of stand 2.0 Ha Circular plot plot for tree Intensity of
measurements - regeneration
Crop
for qualitative
Composition information like – like dbh, height,
Incidence of fire
land use, crop species name,
Bamboo density crown-diameter
composition, origin of Injuries to crop
Bamboo quality stand, fire incidence, etc.
soil, regeneration, Grazing
Plantation
potential
grazing etc.
Presence of weeds
Size class
Presence of grass
Biotic influence
Soil erosion
 N

Sample Point & Attached plots W E

S
3m×3m
5 mx5m

1m ×1m
Bamboo (non-clump forming)
Sample Tree
(North Quadrate) 7.64m

Soil & Forest Floor

(1m×1m)

22.36m

0.1 ha Plot

Shrub & Tree Regeneration

Soil & Forest Floor

Herb
 Fields Forms
Item Description
Field
Form No.
1. Plot Approach Form The information recorded in this field form describes how the plot was
approached
2. Plot Description Form The information recorded in this field form pertains to the general
description of forest on an area of 2 ha i.e. 80m radius around the centre of
the plot.
3. Plot Enumeration Form In this form data of trees above 10cm dbh and bamboo clumps are
recorded which are found in 0.1 ha plot.

4. Sample Tree Form In this form data on dominance of trees of 10cm and above, double bark
thickness, tree height and crown width of trees are recorded from north
quadrant (one-fourth area) of the plot.

5. Bamboo Clump Analysis Form In this form data of each individual culms occurring in certain selected
clumps in the plot is recorded.

6. Bamboo Enumeration and In this form information is collected for non-clump forming bamboos
Analysis Form (non-clump occurring in the sample plot..
forming)
7. Bamboo Weight Form For determining correlation between green and dry weights of utilisable
bamboo culm length, data collected in this form.
8. Herbs, Shrubs and Regeneration The data regarding herbs are collected from four square sub-plots of
Form 1mx1m laid out at the distance of 30m from the centre of main plot.
Similarly, the data regarding shrubs and regeneration are collected from
four square plots of 3mx3m laid out at a distance of 30m from the centre of
the main plots.

9. Soil and Forest Floor Carbon For forest floor data fresh, partially and fully decomposed leaves, twigs
Form and branches are collected from two sub-plots of 1mx1m laid out at north-
east and south-west corners of the main plot. For collection of soil sample
data pits of 30cmx30cmx30cm in the above two plots are dug out and a
composite sample of 200gms is collected for estimating soil carbon.
Field Form No.1: Plot Approach Form
• This form gives following details:
– Mode of Travel up to the reference point
– Conspicuous features observed during the journey
– Bearing from the reference point
– Distance from the reference point to the nearest plot
centre
– Time of starting from camp, arrival at reference point,
arrival at the plot leaving the plot and returning to camp
• The above information are required for revisiting the
plot
 Field Form No.2: Plot Description Form
• This form is filled up for every plot laid out on the
ground
• The information in this form is filled up from an area
of about 2ha (80m radius) around the centre of the
plot
• It describes completely the plot through various
qualitative parameters as given below:
– Legal status
– Land use
– General topography
– Slope
Field Form No.2: Plot Description Form
– Position on slope
– Altitude
– Aspect
– Rockiness
– Soil data
– Humus
– Soil colour
– Soil consistency
– Soil texture
– Coarse fragment
– Soil depth
Field Form No.2: Plot Description Form
– Soil erosion
– Origin of Stand
– Crop composition
– Canopy layer or storey
– Top height
– Size class
– Intensity of regeneration
– Species under regeneration
– Injuries to Crop
– Fire incidence
– Grazing incidence
Field Form No.2: Plot Description Form
– Presence of weeds
– Presence of grass
– Bamboo density
– Bamboo quality
– Bamboo flowering
– Bamboo regeneration
– Plantation potential
– Biotic influence
– Natural calamities
 Field Form No.3: Plot Enumeration Form
• The data in this form is recorded from the plot of 0.1
ha.
• This form is filled up for each plot separately
• The dbh and the name of the species are recorded
for all trees above 10 cm diameter
 Field Form No.4: Sample Tree Form
• The information in this form is recorded for all trees having
dbh 10 cm and above from north quadrant of the plot
• Following additional information is collected from sample tree
form
– Dominance
– DBH over bark
– Double bark thickness
– Tree height
– Crown width
Field Form No.5: Bamboo Clump Analysis Form
• In this form data of each individual culms occurring
in certain selected clumps in the plot is recorded
• In addition following information are recorded
– Species name
– Clump diameter
– Clumps size
– Average culm height
– Bamboo quality
 Field Form No.6: Bamboo Enumeration and Analysis
Form
• In this form information is collected for non-clump
forming bamboos occurring in the sample plot
• For this purpose only one-eighth area of the plot is
considered
• All culms are counted and categorised as follows:
– Green sound
– Green damaged
– Dry sound
– Dry damaged
– Decayed
 Field Form No.7: Bamboo Weight Form
• For determining correlation between green and dry
weights of utilizable bamboo culm length data is
recorded in this form
• The data is collected for different diameter class
• Air dry weight is recorded for different diameter class
 Field Form No.8: Herb, Shrubs & Regeneration Form
• The data in this form is collected from three
concentric plot at all four corners of 0.1 ha plot at a
distance of 30m from the plot centre
• The size of plot for different parameters is as follows:
– Herbs: 1m x 1m
– Shrubs: 3m x 3m
– Regeneration: 3m x 3m
 Field Form No.9: Soil and Forest Floor Carbon Form
• This data is collected from NE & SW corners within
the plot of 0.1 ha
• For forest floor data, fresh, partially and fully
decomposed leaves , twigs and branches is collected
from a plot of size 1m x 1m and a composite sample
of 200 gm is taken for laboratory
• For soil data, a pit of 30cm x 30cm x 30cm is dug out
and a composite sample of 200 gm is taken for
laboratory
Data Collection Crew
 Data Collection is done by the trained
technical staff of FSI’s zonal offices at
Shimla, Bangalore, Kolkata and Nagpur
Each Crew consists of :
 Crew Leader 01
Skilled Person 02
Unskilled Person 01
Cook cum Camp Attendant 01
Driver 01
About 7500 plots are laid out in forest and 10, 000
sample plots are laid out in TOF in every cycle.
Output
 Physiographic Zone wise growing stock
Physiographic Zone Areas of Recorded Growing Stock
Phy. Zone Forest In Forest In TOF Total
2
(km ) Area
(km2) Volume Volume Volume
(m. cum) (m. cum) (m. cum)
West. Himalayas 329,255 91,073 1,029.374 191.09 1,220.46
Eastern Himalayas 74,618 47,965 473.201 69.35 542.55
North East Ranges 133,990 79,431 341.142 102.85 443.99
Northern Plains 295,780 14,230 142.603 104.27 246.87
Eastern Plains 223,339 31,709 240.532 97.43 337.96
Western Plains 319,098 13,666 7.928 74.36 82.29
Central Highlands 373,675 80,665 109.371 110.86 220.23
North Deccan 355,988 87,260 281.074 83.47 364.54
East Deccan 336,289 128,757 622.183 198.74 820.92
South Deccan 292,416 49,459 224.422 134.28 358.70
Western Ghats 72,381 32,399 461.777 118.68 580.46
Eastern Ghats 191,698 74,418 360.651 75.26 435.91
West Coast 121,242 20,765 106.214 147.87 254.08
East Coast 167,494 17,826 68.336 91.06 159.40
TOTAL 3,287,263 769,621 4,468.808 1,599.57 6,068.38
 Statewise GS in forest and TOF
State/UT wise Growing Stock
State/UT Geographic Recorded ([Link])
Area (km2) Forest Area Forests TOF Total
(km2)
Andhra Pradesh 275,069 63,814 242.39 122.76 365.15
Arunachal Pradesh 83,743 51,540 492.54 79.20 571.73
Assam 78,438 26,832 174.11 42.44 216.55
Bihar 94,163 6,473 34.83 45.13 79.96
Chhatisgarh 135,191 59,772 335.47 72.64 408.11
Delhi 1,483 85 1.74 1.15 2.89
Goa 3,702 1,224 7.39 4.00 11.39
Gujarat 196,022 18,927 48.28 122.12 170.4
Haryana 44,212 1,559 4.89 15.58 20.47
Himachal Pradesh 55,673 37,033 322.4 21.23 343.63
Jammu & Kashmir 222,236 20,230 255.12 149.46 404.59
Jharkhand 79,714 23,605 103.78 53.32 157.11
Karnataka 191,791 38,284 314.57 105.26 419.83
Kerala 38,863 11,265 142.72 50.05 192.77
Madhya Pradesh 308,245 94,689 249.66 86.49 336.15
Maharashtra 307,713 61,939 294.17 151.40 445.58
Manipur 22,327 17,418 69.24 9.61 78.85
 Statewise GS in forest and TOF
State/UT wise Growing Stock
State/UT Geographic Recorded Forest ([Link])
Area (km2) Area (km2) Forests TOF Total
Meghalaya 22,429 9,496 44.97 23.47 68.45
Mizoram 21,081 16,717 69.35 9.51 78.86
Nagaland 16,579 9,222 41.15 13.93 55.08
Orissa 155,707 58,136 285.32 77.21 362.53
Punjab 50,362 3,058 13.73 19.39 33.12
Rajasthan 342,239 32,639 34.64 90.46 125.1
Sikkim 7,096 5,841 19.82 2.53 22.35
Tamil Nadu 130,058 22,877 142.38 73.36 215.73
Tripura 10,486 6,294 22.21 8.04 30.25
Uttar Pradesh 240,928 16,583 122.96 83.44 206.4
Uttaranchal 53,483 34,651 459.26 19.34 478.6
West Bengal 88,752 11,879 92.46 44.85 137.31
Andaman & Nicobar 8,249 7,171 52.8 0.73 53.53
Chandigarh 114 34 0.29 0.10 0.39
Dadra & Nagar Haveli 491 204 3.93 0.85 4.79
Daman & Diu 112 8 0.01 0.11 0.11
Lakshadweep 32 0 0 0.05 0.05
Pondicherry 480 13 0.08 0.33 0.41
Total 3,287,263 769,512 4498.66 1599.57 6098.22
Estimated stems by species and diameter class in forest

S.
Species Name 10-30 30-50 50 + Total Percentage
No.
1 Acacia catechu 175,416 5,533 98 181,047 1.44
2 Albizia amara 60,406 4,705 550 65,660 0.52
3 Anogeissus latifolia 382,220 32,570 2,209 416,998 3.31
4 Anogeissus pendula 93,707 1,688 24 95,419 0.76
5 Boswellia serrata 110,686 36,234 3,174 150,094 1.19
6 Buchanania latifolia 207,283 4,549 326 212,159 1.69
7 Butea monosperma 168,133 14,055 683 182,872 1.45
8 Castanopsis species 153,105 36,465 11,903 201,473 1.60
9 Chloroxylon swietenia 214,251 9,320 746 224,317 1.78
10 Cleistanthus collinus 191,109 2,615 206 193,930 1.54
11 Diospyros melanoxylon 217,380 23,663 2,462 243,505 1.94
12 Eucalyptus species 58,849 3,380 268 62,497 0.50
13 Gmelina arborea 65,905 6,568 2,583 75,056 0.60
14 Lagerstroemia parviflora 241,025 10,157 477 251,659 2.00
15 Lannea coromandelica 281,271 31,271 1,208 313,750 2.49
16 Lyonia ovalifolia 77,062 9,034 1,289 87,384 0.69
17 Macaranga species 100,196 2,121 41 102,358 0.81
Estimated stems by species and diameter class in forest

18 Madhuca latifolia 103,311 27,351 8,719 139,381 1.11

19 Mallotus philippinensis 84,490 2,409 75 86,975 0.69
20 Pinus roxburghii 111,095 59,179 21,013 191,287 1.52
21 Pterocarpus marsupium 82,840 13,610 2,605 99,055 0.79
22 Quercus incana 138,323 29,072 9,636 177,031 1.41
23 Quercus semecarpifolia 65,748 23,911 15,258 104,916 0.83
24 Quercus species 49,363 27,234 12,586 89,183 0.71
25 Rhododendron arboreum 126,247 16,119 3,140 145,506 1.16
26 Schima wallichii 124,700 32,394 8,022 165,116 1.31
27 Shorea robusta 903,632 124,616 30,830 1,059,079 8.42
28 Syzygium cumini 94,500 22,879 5,489 122,868 0.98
29 Tectona grandis 700,909 83,696 9,326 793,931 6.31
30 Terminalia crenulata 362,782 57,936 8,152 428,870 3.41
31 Terminalia paniculata 52,577 12,222 4,514 69,314 0.55
32 Wrightia tinctoria 65,241 1,386 160 66,786 0.53
33 Xylia xylocarpus 68,876 11,753 1,515 82,144 0.65
34 Rest of Species 4,689,714 754,614 254,545 5,698,873 45.30
Total 10,622,355 1,534,308 423,830 12,580,493 99.99
Estimated Volume by species and dia in forest

S. No. Species Name 10-30 30-50 50 + Total Percentage

1 Abies densa 1.852 5.364 21.404 28.620 0.62
2 Abies pindrow 5.018 15.938 68.447 89.402 1.94
3 Abies smithiana 2.549 8.206 100.896 111.651 2.43
4 Anogeissus latifolia 73.250 32.791 6.434 112.475 2.44
5 Boswellia serrata 20.553 30.044 13.886 64.483 1.4
6 Buchanania latifolia 16.388 2.508 5.564 24.459 0.53
7 Butea monosperma 13.589 9.750 1.616 24.956 0.54
8 Castanopsis species 19.928 29.173 32.050 81.151 1.76
9 Cedrus deodara 6.872 29.061 40.670 76.603 1.66
10 Diospyros melanoxylon 21.085 19.393 6.995 47.473 1.03
11 Gmelina arborea 12.426 6.227 4.570 23.222 0.5
12 Lagerstroemia parviflora 29.403 9.075 2.296 40.774 0.89
13 Lannea coromandelica 36.647 23.482 3.059 63.187 1.37
14 Madhuca latifolia 13.942 21.342 25.829 61.113 1.33
15 Pinus wallichiana 6.016 18.101 35.546 59.663 1.3
Thanks for your time

prakash_293@[Link]

please visit us at
[Link]