Bulteh-2000 ltd.

19, Industrial Area

Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
Tel./ Fax:(+359 42) 626019;
Tel. :(+359 42) 620896;
E-mail: [email protected]

Infrared-Ultrasonic Hybrid Milk

Analyzer

USER’S GUIDE
Version 3.0
Revision: 01.10.2020
Contents
1 General information 1
2 Knowing the parts 3
3 Safety measures 3
4 Method of work 4
5 Milk samples requirements 5
6 Cleaning procedure 6
6.1 Infrared module cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6.2 Ultrasonic module cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7 Zero procedure 11
8 Milk analysis 12
8.1 Position of components and work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
8.2 Start measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
9 Graphical user interface 16
9.1 Main menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
9.2 Settings menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
9.2.1 Calibrate touchscreen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
9.2.2 Firmware update/GUI/OS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
9.2.3 Infrared Eeprom update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
9.2.4 Printers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
9.3 Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
9.3.1 Export Data with USB Flash Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
9.3.2 Export Data via LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
9.4 Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
9.4.1 Wi-Fi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
9.4.2 GPRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
9.4.3 Bluetooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
9.5 Admin menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
9.5.1 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
9.5.2 Ultrasound corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
9.5.3 Auto Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
9.5.4 Sending results to FTP server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
9.5.5 Sending results to HTTP server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
9.6 SFTP access to Ekomilk Spectra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
10 Errors list 33
11 Appendix 1 - Some reason for Ekomilk accuracy and repeatability
deviations 34
12 Appendix 2 - Send last result over serial port(Continuous mode) 36
13 Appendix 3 - Troubleshooting 38
13.1 Filter clogging(infrared only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
13.2 Cuvette clogging(infrared only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
13.3 Sticking of pump’s silicone hose(infrared and ultrasound) . . . . . . . . 39
14 Maintenance 41
15 Guarantee 44
1 General information
Ekomilk Spectra is designed for fast and cost effective control of milk quality - de-
tecting adulterants (ammonium sulfate, urea, etc.) and milk parameters (Fat, Solids
Not Fat, etc.). The mid-infrared spectral module allows for detection of adulterants
and their concentration without the use of chemicals and the well established ultrasonic
module measured the milk parameters. Ekomilk Spectra hybrid milk analyzer, uses
two analytical methods, combined in the convenience of one simple instrument - in-
frared spectroscopy in the mid-infrared region, and ultrasonic measurement.
Mid-infrared spectral analysis
Different species in a sample have unique absorption patterns of the infrared light.
Based on those patterns and how pronounced they are, the species (in our case adul-
terants) and their concentrations can be identified.
Ultrasonic measurement
Ultrasonic material analysis is based on a simple principle of physics: the motion of
any wave will be affected by the medium through which it travels. Thus, changes in
one or more of four easily measurable parameters associated with the passage of a high
frequency sound wave through a material - transit time, attenuation, scattering and fre-
quency content - can be correlated with parameters in milk.
Why not using only infrared technology for measurement of all parameters?
The short and simple answer is that this will increase the cost for the user 5-15 times
without adding real value for the purpose of the device.
The longer answer is that, to measure all parameters of interest, a much larger portion
of the spectrum needs to be measured and analyzed. However in order to do that either
much more sophisticated mechanics and optics or more sensors are necessary. This
will drastically increase the price and also make the device less suitable for a field
instrument.
Application Area:

• Dairy farms
• Milk collecting points
• Dairy industry
• Veterinary and dairy laboratories

Key feature:

• Fast adulterant detection

• Simple and lightweight design
• Cost effective
• No acids or other chemicals used
• Data collection system
• Embedded Real time clock
• RS 232 and/or USB Interface
• USB port with Flash Drive and Numeric keyboard support
• LAN connection

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Environmental conditions:
Ambient air temperature 15 °C ÷ 35 °C
Milk temperature 5 °C ÷ 35 °C
Relative humidity 30 % ÷ 80 %
Parameters:

Measuring ranges: Limit of detection:

Fat 0,5 % ÷ 12 % ± 0,1% (abs.)
Solids non fat (SNF) 6 % ÷ 12% ± 0,2% (abs.)
Milk density (CLR) 1,0200 ÷ 1,0400 g/cm3 ± 0,0005 g/cm3 (abs.)
Protein 2 % ÷ 6 % ± 0,2 % (abs.)
Freezing Point 0 ÷ -1,000 °C ± 0,01 °C (abs.)
Added Water to Milk 0 % ÷ 60 % ± 5 % (abs.)
Lactose 0,5 % ÷ 7 % ± 0,2 % (abs.)
Specific adulterant detection:
Ammonium sulfate 0,1 % ± 0,05 % (abs.)
Urea 0,2 % ± 0,05 % (abs.)
Melamine 0,1 % ± 0,05 % (abs.)
Nitrates
0,05 % ± 0,03 % (abs.)
(ammonium, potassium, sodium, etc.)
Carbonates/Bicarbonates
0,08 % ± 0,05 % (abs.)
(ammonium, potassium, etc.)
Added water 20 % ± 5 % (abs.)
Synthetic milk
20 % ± 5 % (abs.)
(veg. oil, urea, detergent, water)
Non-Milk Fat 1,5 % ± 0,5 % (abs.)
Sweeteners
0,9 % ± 0,5 % (abs.)
(sucrose, maltodextrin)
In case the milk has been contaminated with
Non-specific adulterants: substantial volume of unknown adulterant
the instrument could detect it.
Technical specifications:
Average time per one measuring 45 sec.
Size 380 x 310 x 285 mm
Weight <4,5 kg
Power consumption (avg.) <50 W
AC Power Supply voltage INPUT: 100 - 240VAC +10/-15% 50/60 Hz

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2 Knowing the parts
1. Infrared module inlet

2. Ultrasonic module inlet

3. Cuvette (Infrared module)

4. Infrared module outlet

5. Ultrasonic module outlet

6. Infrared module peristaltic pump

7. Ultrasonic module peristaltic

pump

8. Touchscreen display

Filter

Measuring mug -25 ml.

Cleaning solution mug - 40 ml.

Mug for waste milk

3 Safety measures
1. Read carefully and strictly follow the instructions described in this user’s guide.

2. Under no circumstances you should try to repair Analyzer’s power lead by your-
self.

3. EkoZero concentrate liquid, used for the infrared module is a chemical that is
considered hazardous which in case of direct contact may cause severe eye irri-
tation or even serious eye damage. It is also considered the that liquid has acute
oral toxicity.

4. The cleaning set for the ultrasonic module (EkoDay and EkoWeek) contains base
and acid, and is considered to have corrosive behavior. Use protection - gloves
and glasses, when preparing the cleaning solutions with these chemicals and pay
more attention when you work with them.

5. Do not eat, drink or smoke when using the concentrates for preparing cleaning
and zeroing solutions (EkoZero, EkoDay, EkoWeek).

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 6. EkoClean is a powder substance, which in case of direct contact can irritate res-
piratory organs and eyes.

7. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

8. If by accident there is a direct contact the user should take these precautions:
• After inhalation: Supply fresh air; consult doctor in case of complaints.
• After skin contact: Rinse skin with running water thoroughly.
• After eye contact: Rinse opened eye cautiously with water for several min-
utes. Remove contact lenses, if present and continue rinsing. Immediately
call a poison center or doctor/physician.
• After swallowing: Immediately call a poison center or doctor/physician.

4 Method of work
1. Place vertically the Analyzer on a table or any other flat surface.

2. Connect the Power Supply (Model AC/DC-CL-DT 12/10) to the power supply
outlet ”In 12 V DC” on the Power Supply Panel and to the mains socket.
Attention: Before start working with the device make sure all the prepara-
tion work is done.

3. Preparation of the EkoZero solution for zero setting and cleaning (Infrared only)
The EkoZero concentrate is a liquid. Before preparing the work solution from
the concentrate, check the shelf life label on the bottle and follow the instructions
to prepare the solution. Dissolve contents - 50 ml in 5 L deionized (or distilled)
water or 10 ml in 1 L ( 0,01 %). It’s recommended to use the EkoZero solution
within 6 months from preparation.

NOTE: Store the prepared liquid in a cool place.

4. Place the mugs for cleaning solutions below the pumps of the infrared and ultra-
sonic modules(see section 7 for more information ).

5. Check if all measuring parts are in place.

6. Check if the filter is in place and clean it if necessary.

7. Switch on the analyzer.

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 8. Warming up
From a cool start after switching on the device it will take a few minutes for the
modules to warm up. Status indicator in the top left corner on the main menu
shows the progress in percentage. When the warming up is finished the status
indicates ”Ready” (Figure 1).

Figure 1: Status: Ready

9. Clean the two modules (IR with EkoZero solution, US with water).

10. ”Zero Procedure” (for the infrared module) - see more in section 7.

11. Start measurement (IR, US, Combined IR + US)

Explanation: When working with the ultrasound module, it is recommended to
pre-fill the system with milk. This can be done in two ways. The first way is to
perform cleaning procedure, but instead of water/cleaning solution the cleaning is
with milk. The second way is to measure a dummy sample (without considering
the reported result). The purpose of these actions is to fill the system with milk
for a more accurate result.

12. Cleaning
In the end of the working day clean the analyzer well, following the instructions
in section 6.

5 Milk samples requirements

1. Mix the milk before measurement by shaking it gently 5 times, without making
foam and air bubbles.

2. Before measurement, make sure that the temperature of the milk sample is be-
tween 15-25°C. When working with the ultrasonic module the sample tempera-
ture should be below 38°C, otherwise an error will occurs - HOT SAMPLE.

3. Put the milk sample in a ultrasonic bath for a few seconds - maximum a minute,
according to the degree of aeration.

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6 Cleaning procedure
This section is to give directions for daily and periodical cleaning of milk analyzers
Ekomilk in order to assure their long life and proper functioning. Both modules must
be cleaned - infrared and ultrasonic. The analyzer should not stay for more than 30
minutes with milk.
Attention: It is very important to note here that the cleaning solutions for the infrared
and the ultrasonic modules are different. The cleaning solution for the ultrasonic mod-
ule can damage the infrared module. That is why the cleaning is performed in two
consecutive steps - first the one module is cleaned with the respective cleaning solution
and then the other module is cleaned. The order of cleaning is not important.

6.1 Infrared module cleaning

Ekomilk Spectra cleaning procedure works on a reversal principle to prevent problems
with cuvette clogging.
NOTE: Instructions for preparing EkoZero solution are on the packaging label of the
concentrate, also described in the section 4.
Clean the infrared module, following the steps below:

• the mug for waste milk is placed under the infrared module input.

• the mug for cleaning liquid EkoZero is placed under the IR peristaltic pump.

Figure 2: Cleaning

• when the <Clean IR>button is pressed - the system will request from the operator
to load the cleaning solution. In the case of infrared module cleaning the cleaning
solution is the same as the zero setting liquid - EkoZero liquid. When finish with
loading the cleaning solution and press ”OK” the pump will start rotates in the
opposite direction of the measurement. The cleaning solution passes from right
to left and falls into the mug for waste milk.

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 Figure 3: Clean IR

Full infrared cleaning

The IR module requires additional cleaning. It is recommended to be performed every
14 days, if necessary more often. It is also used in cases when the device will not
be used for a long time (more than a week). For this purpose is use EkoClean (it is
delivered in the form of granules in 2 packages 18 grams each).
Instruction for preparing 500 ml working solution (3.5%):
Take a transparent, non-sparkling 500ml water bottle with deionized water (or distilled
water) and warm it up to about 30-35 °C. Then pour the 18 grams EkoClean package
into the bottle. Stir the mixture up to complete dissolving and then cool it down to
15-25 °C.
Note: The 3.5% EkoClean solution is good for use up to 6 month after preparation if
the container is properly closed after every use. The EkoClean solution should be stored
at room temperature. If the solution is stored below 14 °C, it will become an opaque
and white gel. In that case, before using the solution, please warm up the solution above
30 °C to become transparent again.
Start IR cleaning and after the procedure finish, leave the device for at least 24 hours
without get out mugs (IR module must be leaved full with EkoClean solution). Af-
ter that, with the rest of EkoClean in the cleaning solution mug, start the IR cleaning
procedure once more, followed by a final cleaning - fill an empty cleaning mug with
deionized water (35-40 ml) and start required number of IR cleaning procedure (5-6 IR
cleaning procedures) - figure 4.

Figure 4: Clean IR with deionized water

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6.2 Ultrasonic module cleaning
Cleaning the ultrasonic module requires more time than cleaning the infrared module
because different solutions are used to maintain the ultrasonic sensor in good condition.
The cleaning of the ultrasonic module is similar to the cleaning of the infrared module:
• the mug for waste milk is placed under the ultrasonic module input.
• the mug for cleaning solution is placed under the US peristaltic pump.

Figure 5: Cleaning

• when the <Clean US>button is pressed, the pump starts to rotate in the opposite
direction of the measurement, the cleaning solution/water passes from right to
left and falls into the mug for waste milk.
* the cleaning solution for the US module cleaning should be considered accord-
ing to the type of cleaning (daily or periodic).

Figure 6: Clean US

• After cleaning procedure, the ultrasonic module system is filled with air and there
should be no cleaning solution or water residues, the amount of solution/water in
the mug for cleaning solution is adjusted to the pump revolutions, so in the end
of the cleaning procedure the mug stays empty and the pump should suck only
air. Do not add extra solution/water in the cleaning solution mug under the US
pump.

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 Methods for daily and periodic clean of the Ekomilk Spectra
analyzer’s ultrasonic module
1. DAILY CLEANING
Daily cleaning is required when:
• The interval between two consecutive measurements is more than half of
one hour.
• The daily job is finished.
1.1. Cleaning out when the interval between two consecutive measurements
is more than half an hour.
Steps:
1.1.1. Fill the mug for cleaning solution (below the US peristaltic pump) with
clean and warm, but not hot, water (40°C-60°C). On the input of the ul-
trasonic module place the mug for waste milk, press the button <Clean-
ing US>, cleaning starts immediately.
1.1.2. Remove the mug and throw away the muddy water. Repeat this proce-
dure several times until clean water comes out from the Analyzer.
1.2. Cleaning out at the end of a working day.
This procedure prevents formation and collection of fat and ”Milk stone”
deposits into the sensor. Milk stone consists of milk solids, calcium, magne-
sium, iron, sulfates, etc. Milk and water mineral deposits become hardened
and layered on the sensor and vinyl pipes inner surfaces, which contact with
milk and disturbs the milk analyzer work. Cleaning will be effective if a
reagent which attacks the ”milk stone” is used. We recommend EkoDay to
be used as a daily cleaning solution.
Preparation of EkoDay working solution:
Dissolve 2 g of powder detergent EkoDay in 100 ml distilled or deionized
water. The solution can be used within 7 days after preparation.
Take care this solution does not contact your eyes or skin!
Attention! Use only EkoDay working solution as a cleaning agent. The
EkoDay concentrate can damage your analyzer!
Steps:
1.2.1. First clean the analyzer with pure water as it is described in procedure
1.1. (see above).
Attention! Always clean analyzer with pure water before using the
cleaning agent. Using cleaner EkoDay without first cleaning an-
alyzer for removing the fats and proteins will result in fixing the
”milk stone” to the surface.
1.2.2. Fill the cleaning solution mug with cleaner EkoDay (25°C-40°C), place
the mug for waste milk on the input of the US module. Press the button
<Cleaning US>, cleaning starts immediately. Make 5 cycles.

9
 1.2.3. Fill the cleaning solution mug with alkaline clean water, press the but-
ton <Cleaning US>. Make 5 cycles. It’s important to remove all the
residues from the cleaning solution EkoDay!

2. PERIODICAL CLEANING PROCEDURE

To ensure a good work of the Milk Analyzer it is advisory to clean the device
at least once a week strictly performing underwritten procedure. This procedure
uses acid cleaner EkoWeek as a periodical cleaning solution.
Preparation of EkoWeek working solution:
Dissolve 1.8 g of powder detergent EkoWeek in 100 ml distilled or deionized
water. The solution can be used within 30 days after preparation.
Take care this solution does not contact your eyes or skin!
Attention! Use only EkoWeek working solution as a cleaning agent. The
EkoWeek concentrate can damage your analyzer!
2.1. Perform the daily cleaning first.
Attention! Make sure that the analyzer is properly cleaned with pure
water before going on to the next item of the procedure. Mixing both
cleaning solutions- alkaline EkoDay and acid EkoWeek will result in
forming ”milk stone”.
2.2. Fill the cleaning solution mug with solution of the acid cleaner EkoWeek(25°C-
40°C), place the mug for waste milk on the input of the US module. Press
the button <Cleaning US>, cleaning starts immediately. Make 5 cycles .
2.3. Open the top cover by pressing its left side - Figure 7 - step 1.
2.4. Remove the plug as it is shown on the - Figure 7 - step 2.
2.5. Insert the plunger instead of the plug Figure 7 - step 3.
2.6. Fill the measuring mug with clean and warm, but not hot, water (40°C-
60°C), dip the tube (sucker) into the water and place the measuring mug on
the Ekomilk working surface.
Move up and down the plunger several times. Remove the mug and throw
away the water. Fill the mug with clean and warm water and repeat this step
4-5 times - step 3.
2.7. Take the plunger out of the hole. Wait until all water comes out. Insert the
plunger again and press it to the bottom.
2.8. Remove the measuring mug and move the plunger out. Put the plug firmly
and close the top cover.
2.9. Done.
Note: During the daily and periodic cleaning of the analyzer, it is not desir-
able to use ”solid” (high salt) water. The water used for cleaning should be
”soft” (low in salt), and it is best to use distilled or deionized water.

10
 Figure 7: Hand-cleaning

7 Zero procedure
The ”zero procedure” must be performed at the beginning of the working day and on
every hour during the day. This procedure is necessary to account for imperceptible
changes in the environmental conditions of the measurements and their compensation.
Failure to set to zero may adversely affect measurement accuracy. The analyzer
automatically warns of the need to perform a new procedure through the message ”Zero
Required!”.
The measuring mug (25ml) is filled with EkoZero solution, the mug for cleaning
liquid under the IR pump is empty (otherwise it will overflow).

Figure 8: Zero

To begin the procedure press the <Zero>button in the main menu(Figure 9). A new
window opens (see Figure 9a) with signalization to load zero solution in the measuring
mug. When the solution is loaded press <OK>. The zero setting starts and a progress
bar indicates the state of the procedure (Figure 9b). After the zero is done successfully,
in the right side of the button <Zero>appears a timer, which indicates the reminding
time to the next zero procedure (<Zero 1:00>, Figure 9c), so after 1h 00min the zero
will be expired. When this happens the timer disappear and a new zero procedure should
be done.

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 Note: The first sample after zeroing should be discarded, so we recommend to
make two measurements with the first milk!

(a) Load zero solution (b) Zero (c) Zero 1:00

Figure 9: Zero procedure

8 Milk analysis
Since Ekomilk Spectra is a hybrid analyzer using infrared technology for adulterant de-
tection and ultrasonic for standard milk parameters measurement, it can make complex
measurements using both modules, or it can be set to only use either the infrared or the
ultrasonic module for measurement. So if there is a problem with one of the modules
the analyzer can continue working with the other module.

8.1 Position of components and work

Position when using the infrared module:

• place the measuring mug, filled with sample on the Ekomilk Spectra’s working
surface.

• fill the mug for cleaning solution, under the IR pump with EkoZero solution.

Work of infrared module:

Attention: Before the first measuring, the infrared module is filled with cleaning/zeroing
solution - EkoZero. This is done during cleaning procedure (Clean IR) and zero proce-
dure (see section 6 and section 7).
When the measurement starts, the infrared module’s peristaltic pump takes a sample
of milk (yellow arrows, figure 10) that pushes the cleaning solution into the mug under-
neath the infrared pump. The IR pump rotates normally (from left to right). When the
sample is analyzed in the cuvette, the IR peristaltic pump reverses (from right to left),
and pushes back the analyzed milk in the measuring mug, while at the same time refills
the system with cleaning solution EkoZero (blue arrows, figure 10). The returned milk
sample should not be used again, because is mixed with the cleaning solution EkoZero.
Note: During IR measuring the mug for cleaning solution should be always filled
with EkoZero solution, otherwise the IR peristaltic pump will take air, this air will pass
into the system, respectively in the cuvette. When work properly the cleaning solution
EkoZero in the mug for cleaning solution should stay clear, without milk contamination.

12
 Figure 10: Measurement

Position when using the ultrasound module:

Ultrasound measurement is similar to infrared. The difference is that the mug for clean-
ing solution under the US peristaltic pump should be empty. Here the use of the mug
for cleaning solution is for safety reasons. If there are drops of milk or cleaning solution
left in the system, they will fall into the mug.
Position of the components: (Figure 11)

• place the measuring mug, filled with sample on the Ekomilk Spectra’s working
surface

• place the empty mug for cleaning solution under the US peristaltic pump

Work of ultrasound module:

When initiating a measurement, the peristaltic pump on the ultrasound module takes a
sample of milk (a yellow arrow, Figure 11), which fills the ultrasonic sensor. In the end
of the measurement, the peristaltic pump returns the measured milk in the measuring
mug, while the ultrasonic sensor remains filled with air (blue arrows, Figure 11).

Figure 11: Measurement

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8.2 Start measurement
To initiate a measurement press the <Measurement>button from the main menu (Fig-
ure 12).

Figure 12: Main menu

A new window pops up asking for the measurement configuration (Figure 13). The
main thing here is to select what modules of the hybrid analyzer to be used for the
measurement process. To use only the infrared or the ultrasound the check in the corre-
sponding check box must be ticked. To use both infrared and ultrasound simultaneously
for complex measurement both check boxes should be marked. Double-check button is
available for infrared measurement. His role is to recheck the concentration of adulter-
ants and show it more accurately.
The configuration windows (Figure 13) will appear every time a new measurement is
performed. That can be annoying and unnecessary. To skip this step the ”Remember”
check box should be ticked in the lower right corner of the window.

Figure 13: Measurement configuration

By clicking the <OK>button the measurement starts.

Resetting: In the main menu under <Measuring>button a configuration text should ap-
pear in a gray box. To clear the setting just press the text, in our case <Buffalo><US>.
A message asking you to delete measurement configuration will pop up, Figure 14.

14
 Figure 14: Resetting configuration

After the measurement finishes successfully a window appears with measured milk
parameters and adulterants if any detected (Figure 15, 17). If a substantial volume of
unknown adulterant is detected - you will see ”Abnormal sample”.

Figure 15: Measurement with infrared

Figure 16: Measurement with ultrasound

Figure 17: Measurement with infrared and ultrasound

15
 If the adulterant does not indicate what it is (for example - an ammonium compound),
you can click on the yellow rectangle and see the adulterant and the probability of it
being present in the current sample (Figure 18).

Figure 18: Adulterant and probability

9 Graphical user interface

The graphical user interface consists of tree principal menus - <Main>, <Settings>,
<Admin>and the operator can switch between them by pressing the respective of the
horizontal tabs, Figure 19.

Figure 19: Main menu

9.1 Main menu

The main menu contains the most important and commonly used buttons: <Mesure-
ment>, <Zero>, <Clean IR>, <Clean US>and measuring configuration.

9.2 Settings menu

This section describes how to configure and use other Ekomilk Spectra options.

9.2.1 Calibrate touchscreen

Settings → System → Touchscreen
To calibrate your touch screen please, follow the instructions that will appear. In case
of a mistake, turn off the device without completing the procedure.

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9.2.2 Firmware update/GUI/OS
On USB flash drive you need to create folder with name ”spectra”. After that open
”spectra” folder and create folder with name ”fw” and then you need to copy update
file(for firmware (.bfu), for GUI/OS (.zip)) into ”fw” folder. Take the USB flash drive
and plug the USB stick in one of the Ekomilk Spectra USB ports. For Firmware open
Settings → Files → System → Infrared → Firmware update or for GUI/OS Settings
→ Files → System → GUI/OS → GUI/OS Update. Then select update file and press
”Open”.

9.2.3 Infrared Eeprom update

On USB flash drive you need to create folder with name ”spectra”. After that open
”spectra” folder and create folder with the device id name (you can see it from: Settings
→ Sys Info, Figure 20), open it and create folder with name ”eedata” (for example:
spectra/188/eedata) and then you need to copy eeprom file into ”eedata” folder. Take
the USB flash drive and plug the USB stick in one of the Ekomilk Spectra USB ports.
For infrared eeprom update open: Settings → Files → System → Infrared → EEPROM
write.

Figure 20: Device ID

9.2.4 Printers
Settings → System → Reports Printer → Printers
Ekomilk Spectra supports 2 type of printers - internal (Panel EP108PP) and external
(Datecs EP50).

• Printer mode - manual, auto(printing after every measurement).

• Printer parameters - you can choose which parameters you want to print and sort.

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9.3 Data
9.3.1 Export Data with USB Flash Drive
Settings → System → Export
When inserting a USB flash drive into the devices USB port, located on the back panel
of the analyzer, the button <Files>becomes active and the data transfer to the external
memory is now available. When we select the button <Export Files>- a new window
appears with the time period for the data export(Figure 21). We can export all data or
the data for a desired time period, by adjusting the date (Start from: date, period: 1, 2,
n days).

Figure 21: Export data

9.3.2 Export Data via LAN

The conception for data transfer from Spectra to PC, using of Local Area Network
(LAN), includes few steps and ways to download ready data in convenient format
(CSV).

1. Connect PC and Spectra in LAN

a) To connect both units, PC and Spectra, in LAN it needs except patch cord
(UTP/STP cable) and an USB to Ethernet adapter because Spectra does not
have inbuilt LAN adapter. Spectra got 4 available USB ports. All of them
are appropriate to plug USB/Ethernet adapter. Next figure shows how to
connect units in LAN:

18
b) When both devices are connected via cable and adapter it needs to make
visible them each other. Easiest way is to make PC as DHCP server with a
small program called SmallDHCPServer.exe (files will be sent separately).
Executing that program allows PC set IP (in same subnet) to Spectra. Initial
IP of PC will be 192.168.10.10. Spectra has to get IP 192.168.10.11,for
example. That IP is needed when the data has to be downloaded. Executing
SmallDHCPServer.exe (always Run as administrator!) has to start with next
window:

As can be seen PC and Spectra got assigned IP - 192.168.10.10 for PC and

192.168.10.11 - Spectra. Spectra IP can be different and can be found on
Spectra Settings menu:

Figure 22: IP address

When the connection is established SmallDHCPCLient could be minimized,

even though closed till next start. Once again - DHCP Server program must
be Run as administrator! Otherwise error will appear. Next step is to down-
load necessary file with last measurement result.

19
2. Download measurement result
There are few ways to download last data including app, HTTP request, batch
scripts, via SFTP. Following text describes some of them. All of them convert
necessary data (last measurement) in CSV file format.
a) First of methods is with program called getData.exe. After start, enter IP of
the Spectra and push GET button - last record will be downloaded in current
directory with name last record.csv

b) Second method is with HTTP request. Either web request with browser or
http request in script, program and etc. response includes last record and
return it as CSV file (last record.csv). For example:
http://192.168.10.11/dwnldLastRecord.php
will download last measurement result.
c) Third method is via windows batch script called on Windows PowerShell
(Command Prompt). Next example how to execute script with Spectra’s IP
as parameter:

As first method result will be downloaded in current directory, where script

is called. This method is like second one but request is executed via .BAT
script.
d) Fourth method is via SFTP - see more in section 9.6.

20
9.4 Connections
9.4.1 Wi-Fi
Ekomilk Spectra works with only one Wi-Fi dongle (you need to order it extra). To
connect to the network, you must first plug the Wi-Fi module into one of the Ekomilk
Spectra USB ports (Figure 23). Then from Settings → Connections → Wi-Fi you can
find your network and connect to it.

Figure 23: Wi-FI

9.4.2 GPRS
Ekomilk Spectra works with many different GPRS dongles. The same as Wi-fi, first
plug the GPRS dongle into one of the Ekomilk Spectra USB ports (Figure 23). Then
from Settings → Connections → GPRS you can turn on an Internet connection.

9.4.3 Bluetooth
Ekomilk Spectra offers Bluetooth which makes it possible to establish communication
with variety types of devices. When you are connected via simple commands you can
control and manage the main functions - cleaning (infrared and ultrasound), start mea-
suring, zero and stop processes. Ekomilk Spectra works with many different Bluetooth
dongles. The same as Wi-fi, first plug the GPRS dongle into one of the Ekomilk Spectra
USB ports (Figure 23). Then from Settings → Connections → Bluetooth you can turn
on. On the Bluetooth button you will see the pin code that is needed when you try to
pair the device. To communicate with Spectra, you can use Terminal app or write your
own app.

1. Features - Once you pair Bluetooth device variety of applications can be used
because:
• using standard RFCOMM protocol
• simple and light custom communication protocol with few numbers of com-
mands

21
2. RFCOMM communication protocol
• Command list

ZR Start zero procedure.

cleanI Start Infrared system cleaning procedure.
cleanU Start Ultrasound system cleaning procedure.
MEAS:a,b Start the measurement process. There are two arguments ’a’ and ’b’.
STOP Stop current process.
• Detailed description
[ Command ] An ASCII case-sensitive command.
[ Argument ] Describes an argument value.
[ Outline ] Describes a command outline.
– Connecting
After a successful connection to the device, the virtual serial communi-
cation port returns ”Connected”.
– Zero procedure

[ Command ] ZR
Starting the procedure returns bunch of data at the virtual se-
rial communication port:

* OK - commands is accepted and procedure is being

started.
[ Outline ]
* PR:x/y - Progress of the process. Arguments ’x’ and
’y’ represent respectively past steps and all numbers of
steps of the procedure.

* FIN - The procedure is completed.

Figure 24: Zero procedure

22
– Measurement procedure

[ Command ] MEAS:a,b (for Infrared the command is MEAS:a, )

Argument ’a’ - type of measurement, which can be:

* I (for Infrared)
* U (for Ultrasound)
* B (for Both)
* IR (for Infrared with double-check)
* BR (for Both with double-check)

[ Argument ] Argument ’b’ - type of milk, which can be:

* C (for Cow)
* B (for Buffalo)
* M (for Mixed)
* S (for Sheep)
* G (for Goat)
* H (for Creamy)
Starting the procedure also returns bunch of data at the virtual
serial communication port:

* OK - commands is accepted and procedure is being

started.
* PR:x/y - progress of the process. Arguments ’x’ and
’y’ represent respectively past steps and all numbers of
steps of the procedure.
* PR-US:x/y - progress of the process of Ultrasound, if
the module is use. Arguments ’x’ and ’y’ represent
respectively past steps and all numbers of steps of the
procedure.
[ Outline ] * US-RES: x/y - result of Ultrasound module. ’x’ is Ul-
trasound parameter, ’y’ is concentration.
* US-RES-RAW: x/y - the raw result of the Ultrasound,
if measurement is started with both modules and raw
result and corrected are different. ’x’ is Ultrasound pa-
rameter, ’y’ is concentration.
* Adulterant: a - ’a’ is adulterant.
* Adulterant conc.: a - ’a’ is concentration.
* READY - the measurement is ready, but the procedure
is not yet complete
* FIN - the procedure is completed.

23
Example:

Figure 25: Measurement procedure

Figure 26: Measurement procedure

24
– Cleaning procedure

[ Command ] cleanI (for Infrared) / cleanU (for Ultrasound)

Starting the procedure returns:

* OK - commands is accepted and procedure is being

started.
[ Outline ]
* Cleaning in progress... - On every 5 seconds

* FIN - the procedure is completed.

Example:

Figure 27: Cleaning procedure

25
 – Stop the current procedure

[ Command ] STOP
Procedure returns:
[ Outline ] * x is canceled - the ’x’ argument indicates which proce-
dure was canceled

Example:

Figure 28: Stop the current procedure

• Errors
If errors occur, Spectra sends them to the virtual serial port:
– ERR:’x’ - ’x’ is the error

Figure 29: Errors

26
9.5 Admin menu
The ”Administrative Menu” is a password protected menu (the default password is
001122334455). To open it, you need to click ”Login” on the ”Settings” tab and enter
your password. To close it on the same tab press the button ”Logout”. You can change
password from Admin → Change password.

9.5.1 Calibration
Admin → Calibration
The calibration is for the infrared module to set the device to measure adulterants and
their concentrations correctly. This menu helps us to do the calibration remotely. Use
of this menu is rare - for example, when the Ekomilk Spectra is damaged and part of the
infrared system needs to be replaced (the cuvette, the glass of the cuvette, measuring
board, etc.).
On the figure 30a you can see the calibration menu. Choosing the number of cycle -
this is a how many times milk will be measure before reverse back into the measuring
mug. We recommend to choose two or three measurement cycles.
Note: Before start calibration you need to zero infrared. The first sample after
zeroing should be discarded, so you have to make three measurement cycles!
After the measurement is complete, you can add a comment about the current sam-
ple(Figure 30b) - specifics for milk, specifics for adulterants or something else that is
important to the current sample. The field may also be skip.
Note: If you have more than one adulterant, please enter the concentration of
the higher adulterant. You can enter the lower one in the comment filed.

(b) Comment on current calibration sample

(a) Calibration menu

Figure 30: Calibration

After making enough measurements, you should download current date files (from
data folder) and calibration file ( also from date folder, calibration files have same name,
but they finished with ”-R.txt” ). How to download see: section 9.3.1, section 9.3.2 or
section 9.6. Then you need to send them to us and we will send you an infrared eeprom
file. And then you need to update infrared eeprom (how to update infared eeprom see
section 9.2.3 or section 9.6).

9.5.2 Ultrasound corrections

Admin → Corrections
If any of the parameters constantly show higher or lower values compared to an exact
reference instrument. Then you can change those of Ekomilk Spectra.

27
But strongly recommend to don’t touch them, unless you are not absolutely sure
what you do and reference instrument is really exact. From drop-down menu select
for which milk type you want to set correction, then click desired parameter, which you
want to correct. A, B and C are constants, used in internal calculations of ultrasound
measurement board.

When click on desired parameter, next dialog will appear (Figure 31 ). Use top-down
arrow or USB keyboard to enter desired value (it can be a negative too, if you want to
decrements measured values) and click <OK>button.

Figure 31: Set correction

Entered correction will be added to previously entered correction (if any) and total
correction will be displayed, if total correction doesn’t exceed limits, else ”Value out of
range!” will be displayed and correction will be not accepted.

Ranges are:
Density: -12.5 ÷ 12.5 (indeed this is -0.00125 g/sm3 ÷ 0.00125 g/sm3)
AWM: -25 ÷ 25
FP: -25.4 ÷ 25.4 (indeed this is -0.254 °C ÷ 0.254 °C )
All others: -2.54 ÷ 2.54

28
9.5.3 Auto Cleaning
Admin → AutoClean
This function stop reverse after every measurement. But after a certain number of
measurements, the cuvette will become clogged. We recommend to don’t touch them,
unless you are not absolutely sure what you do.

9.5.4 Sending results to FTP server

Admin → Send results → FTP server
Ekomilk Spectra can send results to FTP server. The results are stored in comma
separated value (CSV) file with this header:

• CP code - Collection Point Code of the analyzer. It serves as the ID.

• N - Sample number
• Time - this is the time at which the sample was analyzed
• Adulterant name
• Adulterant concentration
• Fat (raw)
• SNF (raw)
• Density (raw)
• AWM (raw)
• FP (raw)
• Protein (raw)
• Lactose (raw)
• Fat (corr)
• SNF (corr)
• Density (corr)
• AWM (corr)
• FP (corr)
• Protein (corr)
• Lactose (corr)

Here is the steps you need to doing to sending results files to FTP server:

1. Set Collection point code (this is to know which device the results are from).
Admin → Send results → FTP server → CP Code

2. Set number of working shifts and their working time.

Admin → Send results → FTP server → Working shifts

29
 3. Enter information about your server. Address, username, password, port and
target directory. In the text field of target directory enter the path, where ftp files
need to be upload, if you don’t set it - the files will be upload to the default
directory. To test, whether to results file will be uploaded to the correct directory
- press button ”Send test file”. This button will generate empty file ”Test.txt” and
will send it. After anything is ok, you can continue with next step.
Admin → Send results → FTP server → Server

4. Send result - this step is the most important, because the ftp file is generated at
the end of every shift and sending to your server, if Ekomilk Spectra is connected
to the internet. If you don’t have internet connection, you can send files manual.
If you turn off the device, before the end of working shift - ftp result file, will not
be created. To make sure the file is created please wait 5 - 10 seconds after end
of shift, before turn off your device.
Admin → Send results → FTP server → Send results

The names of results files are on this principle:

shift year month day.txt (for example - first 2020 04 07.txt)

• Another option you have is to encrypt the result file. This option encrypts the file
before sending it to the server. The file name is on the same principle, but the
name is started with enc (for example: enc first 2020 04 07.txt).
enc shift year month day.txt is the file that is uploaded to the server. To decrypt
it, you must use the following command:
”openssl des3 -d -in enc shift year month day.txt -out outputfile.txt -pass pass:
spectra”
Instead of ”enc shift year month day.txt”, enter the name of the file you want to
decrypt and instead of ”outputfile.txt” - as you want to be the name of a decrypted
file
Admin → Send results → FTP Server → Encryption

30
9.5.5 Sending results to HTTP server
Admin → Send results → HTTP server
Ekomilk Spectra can send results to HTTP server. The results are stored in JSON
file. Format of file is represented in next example: Here is the steps you need to doing

to sending json files to HTTP server:

1. Set Collection point code (this is to know which device the results are from).
Admin → Send results → HTTP server → CP Code

2. Enter information about your HTTP server - Address (if server use authentication
- enter username and password). To verify that the json files will be uploaded
correctly - press button ”Send test file”. This button will generate file ”Test.json”
and will send it.
Admin → Send results → Server

• Send result after every measurement.

Admin → Send results → HTTP server → Send results

• Send to the server - json file with all measurements within the specified time
period of the current day.
Admin → Send results → HTTP server → Bulk mode

The name of result file is current date:

year month day.json (for example - 2020 04 07.json)

31
9.6 SFTP access to Ekomilk Spectra
With this functionality you can download data/result files, update firmware, update eep-
rom, etc. To make SFTP connection, first you need to connect Ekomilk Spectra to the
Network and see IP address (Figure 22).
User: ftp user
Password: passw

• To change the password at your computer create new file with name: FtpNew-
Psw, which contains your new password. After that create another one file with
name: pswChngReq. Then open Windows PowerShell (Command Prompt) and
navigate to where they are created (for example: C:/Users/root/Desktop). After
that open Windows PowerShell (Command Prompt) and write - sftp ftp user@<Ekomilk
Spectra IP>(for example: sftp ftp [email protected]) to connect to the Ekomilk
Spectra.
Having already connected Ecomilk Spectra - navigate to spectra/fw and after

than upload file FtpNewPsw and pswChngReq - in the same order.

• Update Firmware - As a password change, if you have a new firmware update, on

your computer you need to create file with name: trig. In the trig file you need to
write the name of firmware update file, without extension (for example: if your
firmware update file is IR 218.bfu, in the trig file you need to write IR 218).
Then with Windows PowerShell (Command Prompt) connect to Ekomilk Spectra
and navigate to spectra/fw. After that upload firmware update file (.bfu) and trig
file - in the same order.

• Update EEPROM - As a password change, if you have a new eeprom update, on

your computer you need to create empty file with name: trig. Then with Win-
dows PowerShell (Command Prompt) connect to Ekomilk Spectra and navigate
to spectra/eedata. After that upload eeprom update file (.eep) and trig file - in
the same order.

32
 • Download data/result file - to download data/result file open Windows PowerShell
(Command Prompt) and navigate to the directory where you want to download the
data/result files. After that connect to Ekomilk Spectra and navigate to data/result
directory. With command get followed by file name you will start download (for
example: get 2019 10 25.txt).

10 Errors list
Error message PROBLEM/CAUSE/REMEDY
MLMS ERROR ! Ultrasonic measuring system damaged
1. Air bubbles in the measuring sensor. Fill again the mug
with milk and repeat the measurement.
Empty Camera 2. The suction system has some air leak.

3. The measuring system is contaminated or damaged.

1. The milk samples temperature is above the spec. Fill

again the mug with proper temperature milk sample
and make a fresh start.
Hot Sample
2. If the problem still exists, the measuring system is con-
taminated or damaged.

Error 1 Preheating 1 Fault

Error 2 Preheating 2 Fault
Error 3 Cuvette Heating Fault
Error 4 IR transmitter Fault
Error 5 MB Security chip error
Error 6 Cuvette Security chip error
Error 7 Cuvette presence error
Error 8 Sensor Board Error
Error 16 Flush Presence Error
Error 17 Measurement is waiting (transient process, noise, ...)
Error 18 Measurement is Canceled with Error
Error 19 Out of Range
Error 20 Low Signal Level
Error 21 Incorrect Result
Error 22 EEPROM Error
Error 28 LUT writing Error flag
Error 29 Factory Input Calibration Fault

33
11 Appendix 1 - Some reason for Ekomilk accuracy
and repeatability deviations
Below are described some reasons that may worsen the accuracy and repeatability of
the Ekomilk Spectra Analyzers measurement results. Some information about the way
to avoid these problems is provided as well.

1. Aired milk - this is milk with a lot of tiny air bubbles inside. This air bubbles
are very small and it takes long time - from one to more than 10 or even 20
hours for these air bubbles to get out of the milk. This time depends on the milk
parameters and mainly on the milk Fat contents - the higher milk fat contents is
the longer time is required for the air bubbles to get out of the milk. The ultrasonic
method is not suitable for aired milk testing since the measurement results are
with significant deviations from the real values and even in some particular cases
the measurement can not be completed successfully.
The milk becomes aired usually during the milk processing - milking, homoge-
nization, UHT, etc., but it can be aired even when the milk sample is mixed if this
is made by hard continuous shaking. This is why the sample should be mixed
smoothly and carefully.
There are two known methods that allow aired milk to be quickly recovered. The
first method requires the measuring mug with the milk sample to be processed
for about 10 to 15 seconds in an ultrasonic cleaning machine. The cavitation phe-
nomena of the powerful ultrasonic field removes the air bubbles almost instanta-
neously. The other method requires the milk sample to be put under pressure -
several kg/cm2 for about 10 to 20 seconds. Unfortunately as you may note both
methods require additional equipment but as long as there are small inexpensive
ultrasonic cleaning machines commercially available it is easier to apply the first
method if necessary.

2. Milk acidity - The ultrasonic method requires the milk sample to be warmed
during the measurement process. In case the milk has an increased acidity a milk
coagulation may occur when the milk is warmed and the measurement results
will have significant deviations from the real values and even in some particular
cases the measurement can be not completed successfully. For your reference the
milk acidity of the milk sample must be less than 25°C for cow, buffalo and goat
milk and less than 28°C for sheep milk. Another issue is the milk coagulation
contaminates the ultrasonic sensor and it must be properly cleaned then.

3. Separated milk fat - If you try to test cool (refrigerated) milk which has some
milk fat/cream separated you will probably get wrong result especially for the
milk fat contents. In this case you need to warm up the milk up to 40°C-42°C
first, mix the milk in order to solve the separated fat, the cool it down to 20°C -
25°C and then you can test it with the analyzer.

4. Contaminated milk - Any solid particle with a size above 0.5 mm may cause
measurement result deviations. This is why we recommend the milk sample to
be filtered before it is tested if there is a doubt the milk is contaminated.

34
 5. Milk preservatives - The milk preservatives change the measurement results.
Usually the result deviation is not big but it will depend on the particular preser-
vative used.

6. Contaminated sensor - During the normal work of the analyzer some solid de-
posits are laid on the ultrasonic sensor walls. In case the analyzer is not regularly
and properly cleaned these deposits are gradually accumulated and the measure-
ment results begin to differ from the real milk parameters. This is why it is very
important the milk analyzers to be always properly cleaned in accordance with
their cleaning procedure.

7. Power supply - The power supply can also cause problems with the measurement
results accuracy and repeatability. Generally this can happen if the power supply
voltage is out of the specified range (220/110V ± 5%) or if the power supply
line is too noisy - especially if there is a powerful equipment working nearby and
connected to the same power supply line.

8. Measurement system leakage - Once the milk sample is sucked into the mea-
surement system it must remain immobile until the test completes. In case there
is some leakage and the measurement system is not sealed well the milk sample
would drain out more or less slowly. This will cause measurement results devi-
ation or the measurement even may fail in case some air goes into the ultrasonic
sensor. A clear indication of measurement system leakage is if the sample is
dropping out of the Analyzer’s sucking nozzle during the measurement time (just
few drops per measurement is normal). Most often some leakage occurs since the
plastic plug with the rubber O - ring is not properly plugged into the syringe.

9. Ultrasonic sensor conditioning - Sometimes after the analyzer has not been used
for a long time (several days or more) the ultrasonic sensor dries inside and this
may result in increase measurement results deviations for the first tested samples.
In this case it is recommended several dummy samples (with water or milk) to be
made before the real samples are tested.

10. Wrong milk type tested - Ekomilk Spectra is factory calibrated for tree different
kinds of milk in accordance with the customer request - cow, buffalo and mixed
milk. If another kind of milk is tested it may result in a measurement result
deviation out of the Analyzer’s specification.

35
12 Appendix 2 - Send last result over serial
port(Continuous mode)
This mode can be available after measurement (Figure 33). You can send data manual
or auto (after every measurement). The data is sent until you close the results dialog.

Figure 33: Send data

Data of Spectra last measurement can be send over serial port like 89 chars long
packet(as ASCII string, contains 17 subpackets, starts with ”{” and ends with ”}”) in
the following format:

It starts with version subpacket, followed by subpackets representing Ultrasound re-

sults respectively in row [(r)] and corrected [(c)] format, Adulterant name, Concentra-
tion(Infrared measurement) and the last is CheckSum.
First two chars shows version of current sending method:
VERSION 0 1 (For example - version 1)
• Ultrasound parameters
FAT, SNF, DEN, AWM, FP, PROT(for both Row and Corrected format) subpack-
ets are 4 chars long each and represent (in decimal) relative result multiplied by
100 (except FP, which is multiplied by (-100)) in ASCII format. For example:

Parameters Value Multiplied by Result Subpacket

FAT 5.25 *100 525 0525 (ASCII - 0x30 0x35 0x32 0x35)
SNF 10.2 *100 1020 1020 (ASCII - 0x31 0x30 0x32 0x30)
DEN 1.15 *100 115 0115 (ASCII - 0x30 0x31 0x31 0x35)
AWM 0.00 *100 0 0000 (ASCII - 0x30 0x30 0x30 0x30)
FP -0.20 *(-100) 20 0020 (ASCII - 0x30 0x30 0x32 0x30)
PROT 3.42 *100 342 0342 (ASCII - 0x30 0x33 0x34 0x32)
LACT 3.75 *100 375 0375 (ASCII - 0x30 0x33 0x37 0x35)
If there is no ultrasound measurement all 14 subpackets are filled with 0000
(ASCII 0x30 0x30 0x30 0x30). If there is no infrared measurement or there
is one but with no adulterant available (PURE milk) subpackets with corrected

36
 values will be filled with 0000 (ASCII 0x30 0x30 0x30 0x30). This is a full list
of measurable ultrasound parameters. Possible, in some cases user don’t want to
see all of them. If some parameter is disabled for displaying, it’s place in this
packet will be filled with spaces (0x20). By this way, receiver will know this is
no valid value. If there are not started ultrasound measurement or is started, but
is finished with error, then all packet will contains spaces (0x20).

• Infrared parameters
– ADULTERANT NAME is a 20 chars long subpacket and contains the name
of adulterant in ASCII format. If there is no infrared measurement the text
is ”NA” or ”na”). If the name is shorter than 20 chars it is supplemented
with SPACE (ASCII - 0x20). For example:
Adulterant name - ’nitrate’ (7 chars,in ASCII - 0x6E 0x69 0x74 0x72 0x61
0x74 0x65).It has to be added 13 SPACE chars and the end result will be fol-
lowing one: 0x6E 0x69 0x74 0x72 0x61 0x74 0x65 0x20 0x20 0x20 0x20
0x20 0x20 0x20 0x20 0x20 0x20 0x20 0x20 0x20.
If there are not started infrared measurement or is started, but is finished with
error, then this packet will contains spaces (0x20) only. In some cases may
contains ”ABNORMAL”, this mean no error occurred during measurement,
but results cannot be recognized, may be caused by air bubbles in the sam-
ple, some hardware problem or some unknown adulterant. Value field (see
bellow) will contains spaces only, cause here are not valid value available.
Or ”IGNORED”, if fat is below 1.5 %.
– ADULTERANT CONCENTRATION - concentration (%) of the adulterant.
Subpacket is 4 chars long. As ultrasound parameters it is multiplied by 100
and result in decimal is represented in ASCII format:
Conc 2.16 *100 216 0.216 (ASCII - 0x30 0x32 0x31 0x36)
If there are not started infrared measurement or is started, but is finished
with error, then this packet will contains spaces (0x20) - not valid result. If
adulterant name contains only spaces (0x20), and value contains only zeroes
(0x30). This will mean pure sample - no adulterant found.

• Check Sum
Check sum (5 chars long packet) is the sum of all bytes (72, in HEX format)
forming all subpackets. Result in decimal is represented in ASCII format. For
example:
CheckSum = 0x30 + 0x35 + 0x32 + 0x35 + 0x31 + 0x30 + 0x32 + ... (etc. all
72 chars) = 0xD1E (hex), which is 3358 in decimal.Check sum (CS) packet is
formed like 03358(ASCII - 0x30 0x33 0x33 0x35 0x38).

If any error occurred during measurement Spectra will send ”ERROR” over serial port
instead of the packet. RS232 settings are 2400, e, 7, 1 (2400bps, Parity: Even, 7 data
bits, 1 stop bit).
In continuous mode packet is sent every 500ms.

37
13 Appendix 3 - Troubleshooting
13.1 Filter clogging(infrared only)
In case of air bubbles visible in the thin tubing entering the cuvette, the filter on the
spout of the infrared module could be clogged. This is often the problem when that
happens because the peristaltic pump cannot suck in enough sample and vacuum is
created in the system. The filter should be replaced with a new one or well cleaned.

Figure 34: Clogged filter

13.2 Cuvette clogging(infrared only)

When there is a clogging in the cuvette the operator should:

1. Unplug the thin hose between the cuvette exit and the peristaltic pump.
Press the nozzle where the hose is fixed with one hand, while with the other hand
pull out the hose.

2. Using the syringe with a nozzle from the packing set, take 5-10 ml of cleaning
solution EkoZero.

3. Plug the syringe to the thin tube and gently pull the piston. This creates vacuum
that suck any particles that might have been stuck in pockets and acting as valves.

38
13.3 Sticking of pump’s silicone hose(infrared and ultrasound)
If the Ekomilk Spectra has not been used for a long time or has not been cleaned, the
pump hose may become stuck. Signs of this are, for example, if the pump is rotating
but cannot suck milk or cleaning solution.

1. Lift the external cover of the pumps.

2. Take a flat screwdriver and carefully insert it into the hole on the underside of the
pump.

3. Carefully rotate the screwdriver to one side and hear the plastic cover snap open.

39
4. Slowly pull out the plastic cover.

5. Remove the silicone hose from the pump and see where it stuck.

6. Then grasp it with two fingers and begin to massage it.

7. Once it has blown off you can start assembling it. When replacing the silicone
hose, you can gently rotate the pump to make it easier to install.

8. Carefully put the plastic cover on the pump and you will hear it fasten. Then
release the outer pump cover and you are ready.

40
14 Maintenance
Instructions for cuvette ejecting and replacement
Note: Never subtract the cuvette, while the device is turn on.
Note: If the cuvette is removed, the calibration may not be appropriate and the
Ekomilk Spectra may will not measure correctly.
The operation of cuvette ejecting or replacement should be performed by an authorized
service or technician. Otherwise the guarantee will be invalidate.

1. Unplug the power supply before unlocking the cuvette.

Figure 39: Cuvette locked

2. Release the locking mechanism, by pushing the piston.

(a) Unlock Cuvette (b) Cuvette unlocked

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3. When the cuvette is unlocked, pull it out.

4. The cuvette is released from the system, when unplugging the upper and lower
hose from the nozzles.

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5. Inserting the cuvette into the system.

NOTE: When inserting the cuvette back in the analyzer, it is very important
to take care of the direction of the hoses, help manually to ensure their proper
direction and to avoid hose pinching and bending.

6. Locking the cuvette with the locking mechanism, by pressing the piston.

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15 Guarantee
Guarantee period is one year after purchasing data. Im-
proper handing, transport and storage will invalidate the
guarantee.
Guarantee is void if warranty labels are removed. The
Guarantee card
guarantee period for the cuvette windows* is 3 months.
*The cuvette windows are slightly soluble in water and they
need to be replaced every 3-4 months, otherwise the measure-
ment correctness will be affected.

SPECTRA

Date of purchase:

Serial N:

Distributor:

Signature:

Stamp:

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 Purchaser

Service report

Service entry date Damage Delivery date Signature

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