A APC Lab Project Report
On
“TOUCH DOORBELL ALARM SYSTEM”
Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements
For the award of the Degree of
Bachelor of Technology
In
Electronics & Computer Engineering (ECM)
By
D. Anudeep Naidu(20311a1982)
K. Vardhan(20311a1983)
A. Anudeep(20311a1982
Under the Supervision of
“Dr.Manu Guptha”
Department of Electronics & Computer Engineering
Sreenidhi Institute of Science & Technology (Autonomous)
2021-2022
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMPUTER ENGINEERING
SREENIDHI INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the EDC Lab Project work entitled “Mobile Signal Jammer”, submitted
by Anudeep Naidu(20311a1982), K .Vardhan(20311a1983), Anudeep
(20311a1984).towards partial fulfilment for the award of Bachelor of Technology Degree in in
Electronics and Computer Engineering from Sreenidhi Institute of Science & Technology,
Ghatkesar, Hyderabad, is a record of bonafide work done by him/ her during the academic year
2021-2022 under our guidence and evaluation.
Dr. Manu Gupta Mrs. Sruthi Chigurala
Lab Project Coordinator-1 Lab Project Coordinator-2
Dr. D. Mohan
HOD, ECM Department
DECLARATION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENT
NAME OF STUDENT ( ROLL NO.)
D. ANUDEEP 20311A1982
K. VARDHAN 20311A1983
A. Anudeep 20311a1984
ABSTRACT
Components Required:
Transistor(BC547)
Resistor
DC Buzzer
LED
Capacitor
Battery Connector
9V Battery
Jumper Wires
Breadboard
Working Principle:
When touched the touch metal then the Alarm is switched ON and when Leave the finger from the touch
plate then the Alarm is Automatically Switch OFF. This is very simple and easy because only three
transistors and some other components are usedUsing this circuit you can change the Old Experience of
Doorbell Switching method and can create a new high-tech Method With Automatic Touch Doorbell Alarm
Switch System.Assemble the circuit as given in fig. Capacitor value can between 2.2uf to 100uf. Careful
with the transistor terminal when constructing the circuit.This Automatic Touch Doorbell Alarm Switch is
very sensitive with human finger and this is very simple to construct. No any ic is used in this circuit. At
first when Power is on to circuit then switch remain OFF, When any touch the touch plate then transistor
Q1 triggered and as Q1 get on, the transistor Q2 is also turned ON.
Team Members:
D. Anudeep Naidu(20311A1982)
K. Venkata Vardhan(20311A1983)
A. Anudeep (20311A1984)
INDEX
S.NO CONTENT PAGE NUMBER
1 Introduction 1
2 Objective 2
3 Hardware Requirements and Description 3
4 Background Theory 7
5 Circuit / Block Diagram 8
6 Working 9
7 Results and Output 10
8 Conclusion 12
9 References 13
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 1.1: Beadboard connection 1
FIGURE 3.1:555 timer IC 3
FIGUR 3.2: Resistors 3
FIGURE 3.3: capacitor 4
FIGURE 3.4: trimmer capacitor 4
FIGURE 3.5: coils 4
FIGURE 3.6: antenna 5
FIGURE 3.7: transistor 5
FIGURE 3.8: battery 6
FIGURE 4.1: Simple mobile circuit 7
FIGURE 5.1: Block diagram of mobile signal jammer 8
FIGURE 5.2: Circuit diagram of jammer 8
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Social distancing is the one of the best method to escape from COVID-19. I
strongly recommend to stay at home. But we can't avoid some emergency visits to
some homes. When we arrived at infront of a house, first we search the doorbell
button/ calling bell button. And press the button. But in this special situation this
doorbell button can cause the virus to spread. When some infected person press
the button the virus hold on that button and when a non infected person touch this
button the virus spread to that person. We can avoid this danger by using the
touchless doorbell. The existing doorbell can convert to a touchless doorbell.
FIG:1.1
Chapter 2
OBJECTIVE
This would help a person in the house to notify if someone standing outside the
door .The alarm will start ringing when a man come nearer to door to knock it at
that time sensors will help to detect the person in front of it.. Instead of traditional
door bell the man at door is not in need to press the door bell button. The IR sensor
automatically detects the person. It’s helpful as it’s an automatic system
CHAPTER 3
Hardware Requirements and Description
DC BUZZER: he buzzer is a sounding device that can convert audio signals into
sound signals. It is usually powered by DC voltage. It is widely used in alarms,
computers, printers and other electronic products as sound devices. It is mainly
divided into piezoelectric buzzer and electromagnetic buzzer, represented by the
letter "H" or "HA" in the circuit. According to different designs and uses, the buzzer
can emit various sounds such as music, siren, buzzer, alarm, and electric bell.
FIG:3.1
Resistors (1Kohm): Resistors are electronic components which have a
specific, never-changing electrical resistance The resistor's resistance limits
the flow of electrons through a circuit. They are passive components,
meaning they only consume power (and can't generate it)
FIG:3.2
Capacitors ( µF): capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy in
an electric field It is a passive electronic component with two terminals
FIG:3.3
LED: A Light Emitting Diode (LED) is a semiconductor device, which can emit
light when an electric current passes through it. To do this, holes from p-type
semiconductors recombine with electrons from n-type semiconductors to produce
light. The wavelength of the light emitted depends on the bandgap of the
semiconductor material. Harder materials with stronger molecular bonds
generally have wider bandgaps. Aluminum Nitride semiconductors are known as
ultra-wide bandgap semiconductors.
FIG:3.4
Transistor: A transistor is a device that regulates current or voltage flow
and acts as a switch or gate for electronic signals.
FIG:3.5
Battery: An electric battery is a source of electric power consisting of one
or more electrochemical cell with external connection
FIG:3.6
Chapter 4
Background Theory
Under normal conditions no current flows through switching transistors T1 and T2
and the potential across capacitor C1 is almost 0V. If the two touch plates are
touched together by a finger, the alarm circuit is enabled by T1 and T2. Transistors
T3and T4 form a complimentary pair amplifier, with positive feedback
(regeneration) provided to the base of first transistor T3 via R3 and C2.
The sound generator oscillates at a frequency determined by C2 and R3 and the
bias voltage of T3. The bias voltage of T3 can be changed by changing the values
of R2 (and R1). The alarm will provide quite loud audio output into an 8 Ohm
speaker with a 9V battery at a current drain of less than 100mA. Needless to say,
this is an ultra simple hobby circuit. You can experiment with different component
values (R1,R2,C1,C2,R3 and R4, etc) to make your own special alarm!
FIG:4.1
Chapter 5
Circuit/Block diagram
FIG 5.1
Chapter 6
Working
If the parallel plates have a more larger area and the thickness of the insulator is
very less then there would be the greater value of the touch capacitance (i.e. C T).
Therefore the difference of the capacitance value when the plate is touched and
the plate is untouched will be greater.
So, by controlling the size of the parallel plate and the thickness of the insulator
we can control the sensitivity of the Capacitive touch sensor.
The Capacitive touch sensor, however, has few drawbacks such as there could
be a false trigger since all it needs is to be in a contact with a conducting
material and does not require a pressure to operate.
CHAPTER 7
RESULTS AND OUTPUT
The experimental results obtained from the project are described as below:
Case 1: When the finger gets in cintavt with the soldering wires,the buzzer beeps hence
generating a peculiar sound
FIG:7.1
Case 2: When the metal or any object touches the same sound would be generated.
FIG:7.2
Conclusion
There are five basic elements used in a typical infrared detection systems an infrared source,
transmission medium, optical components infrared detectors or receivers and signal processing.
Infrared lasers and Infrared LED's of specific wavelength can be used as infrared sources. The
three main types of media used for infrared transmission are vacuum, atmosphere and optical.
Fibers, Optical components are used to focus the infrared radiation or to limit the spectral
response. Optical lenses made of Quartz, Germanium and Silicon are focus the infrared radiation.
Infrared receivers can be photodiodes, phototransistors are some important specifications of
infrared receivers are photosensitivity, directivity and noise equivalent, power Signal processing
is done by amplifiers as the output of infrared detector is very small.
REFERENCES
https://www.electronicsforu.com/electronics-projects/touch-based-doorbell
https://www.electroschematics.com/touch-alarm/
