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Earth's Atmosphere: Composition & Layers

The document summarizes the Earth's atmosphere and its layers. It discusses that the atmosphere absorbs energy from the Sun and recycles water and chemicals. It then describes the four main layers of the atmosphere - the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer which absorbs ultraviolet radiation. The document also covers the composition of the atmosphere including pressure, temperature, density, and mass. It concludes by explaining that stratospheric ozone is beneficial as it absorbs UV-B radiation, while ground-level ozone is a pollutant that contributes to smog.

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Alistair Hernando
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384 views3 pages

Earth's Atmosphere: Composition & Layers

The document summarizes the Earth's atmosphere and its layers. It discusses that the atmosphere absorbs energy from the Sun and recycles water and chemicals. It then describes the four main layers of the atmosphere - the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer which absorbs ultraviolet radiation. The document also covers the composition of the atmosphere including pressure, temperature, density, and mass. It concludes by explaining that stratospheric ozone is beneficial as it absorbs UV-B radiation, while ground-level ozone is a pollutant that contributes to smog.

Uploaded by

Alistair Hernando
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Module 1: THE EARTH AND ITS ATMOSPHERE

Learning Objectives:

At the end of this lesson, the learner will be able to:

1. Identify earth’s atmosphere, composition, and its layers.


2. Study ozone layer.

Learning Content:

The Earth’s Atmosphere

The Earth is surrounded by a blanket of air which we call the atmosphere. The atmosphere
absorbs the energy from the Sun, as well as is also recycles water and other chemicals, and
reacts with the electrical and magnetic forces to maintain a certain climate.

The Layers of the Atmosphere

1
Troposphere. The indicator of all types of weather. The air pressure at the top of troposphere is
only 10% of that of the sea level.

Stratosphere. Air flow is mostly horizontal. The thin ozone layer in the upper stratosphere has
high concentration of ozone, a layer primarily responsible for absorbing the ultraviolet radiation
from the sun.

Mesosphere. The region where meteors or rock fragments are burned up.

Thermosphere or also called Ionosphere, wherein in this region many atoms are ionized. A very
thin layer where aurora takes place, and also responsible for absorbing the most energetic
photons from the Sun, and for reflecting radio waves, thereby making long-distance radio
communication possible.

Exosphere is very thin and the upper limit in the atmosphere. The region where atoms and
molecules escape into space.

Composition of Earth Atmosphere

1. Pressure. A direct result of the weight of air. Atmospheric pressure is not constant and is
affected by altitude and temperature.

The Barometric Formula sometimes called the exponential atmosphere, used to model how the
pressure (or density) of the air changes with altitude.

=0e−z/h or P=P0e−Mg0z/(RT)
where: h, scale height

, density

P, pressure
P0, pressure at ground level (mean sea level pressure is 101.325 kPa) M, mass of 1 mole of air,
0.029 kg/mol
R, gas constant, 8.314 J/K-mol
T, temperature
g0, acceleration due to gravity, 9.81 m/s2
z, vertical height above the earth’s surface

Solve the problem:


The sky diver jumps from the plane at the height of 270m from the ground. If the temperature
were measured to be 30C, what is the pressure at the point of landing if the pressure at the
ground level is 101.325 kPa? Answer: P = 98.28 kPa

[Link]. Measures the internal energy that a substance holds. The internal energy is
due to the movement of atoms and molecules comprising the substance. The higher the
temperature is, the faster the atoms and molecules are moving.

2
[Link] and Mass. Density of air is the mass per unit volume of Earth’s Atmosphere. Air
density and air pressure decrease with increasing altitude.

The Ozone Layer

Ozone is pale blue, highly poisonous gas with a strong odor. It is one of three forms, called
allotropes, of the element oxygen. The ozone layer is very essential by absorbing solar
ultraviolet radiation.

Stratospheric ozone is considered “good” for humans and other life forms because it absorbs
UV-B radiation from the sun. Whereas, the ground level ozone is a bad ozone also a main
ingredient in cough-inducing, eye-stinging smog. Ozone produced by pollutants formed when
emissions from motor vehicles and other related industry reacts with heat and sunlight.

Send to my email address:


archiedomingo31@[Link]

April 18, 2022


Submission of assignment # 01

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