Successful Commercialization of an Ester-
Functionalized High Viscosity PAO Base Stock
Brian Fox, Senior Scientist, Head of Base Fluids (PAO and Ester)
STLE 2018, Commercial Marketing Forum, Minneapolis, MN
1 STLE 2018, Commercial Marketing Forum, Minneapolis, MN
Outline
1. Elevance Aria™ WTP 40 – the basics
2. Elevance Aria™ WTP 40 Properties and Performance Comparisons
3. Summary
2 STLE 2018, Commercial Marketing Forum, Minneapolis, MN
Elevance Aria™ WTP 40
Background
Licensing arrangement between Elevance Renewable Sciences and LANXESS
LANXESS licensed the global rights to develop, derivatize, manufacture, use and
sell products incorporating the Elevance Aria® WTP technology in lubricant
applications
First commercial material produced under this arrangement successfully completed
and available to the market earlier this year.
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Elevance Aria™ WTP 40
Unique Ester-Functionalized High Viscosity PAO
High performance base stock combines the performance of Groups IV and V into one base stock
“Bound” ester add polarity and functionality to PAO within same macromolecule
Catalytic polymerization of linear alpha-olefins and linear alpha-olefin esters (9-DAME)
WTP 40
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Differentiated Catalyst Technology
Allows for conversion of complex molecules such as fatty acids and esters
Proprietary Olefins
Traditional Catalyst
Metathesis Catalyst
C C ethylene D
A B
A
Ethylene 2-butene
D Methyl oleate
B
D B
A C B D 1-decene C A
Propylene Propylene 9-decenoic acid methyl ester
(9-DAME)
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Elevance Aria™ WTP 40 Advantages
Advanced lubricant performance – Balanced formulation flexibility
High viscosity index
Enhanced additive solvency
Elastomer seal compatibility
Increased film thickness at boundary conditions
Reduced friction and wear
Lubricity and micropitting resistance
Improved cleanliness and varnish control
Partial bio sourced
Food grade approved (NSF HX-1)
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Elevance Aria™ WTP 40 Applications
Industrial Lubricants Transportation Lubricants
• Gear • Food Grade • Axle • Engine Oil
• Compressor • Metalworking • Transmission • Grease
• Hydraulic • Grease
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Elevance Aria™ WTP 40
Properties
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Elevance Aria™ WTP 40 Properties
Combines chemical and physical properties of PAO and ester into a single base stock
Property T7M15T729
Kv, cSt @ 100C 39.63
Kv, cSt @ 40C 348.3
VI 165
Pour Point, C D-97 -36
Flash, C, D-92 266
Specific Gravity (60F) 0.883
Color, APHA 28
Moisture, ppm, KF 62
TAN, mg/g KOH, D-974 0.02
Brookfield Viscosity @ -26C, cP 92,700
Aniline Point, C 103.5
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WTP 40 Balanced Solvency Enables Robust Formulations
Balanced aniline point for improved formulation compatibility and performance
180
160
Aniline Point, oC
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
WTP 40
ERS40 PAO 40 Ester Group I Proup II
Base Stocks
Test Method: ASTM D611
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WTP 40 Provides Additive Solvency and Compatibility
Clarity, brightness and color demonstrate excellent solubility of additives
Fully Formulated
Base Stocks + 6% Add Pack = GL-5 Gear Lubricant
WTP 40 PAO 40 PAO 40 / 10%ester WTP 40 PAO 40 PAO 40 / 10%ester
PAO 40/
10% ester
No compatibilizers added Compatibilizers
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Formulation Simplicity Through Elimination of Ester
Industrial Gear Oil (ISO 220)
Conventional Elevance Aria™
WTP 40 (%) -- 83.0
PAO 40 (%) 83.0 --
PAO 4 (%) 4.32 14.32
Ester (%) 10.0 --
Additive package (%) 2.68 2.68
Kv @ 100C 25.83 27.13
Kv @ 40C 230.2 220.2
VI 150 158
Bv @ -26C, cP 49,600 40,200
Demulsibility @ 82C 43/37/0 (10) 43/37/0 (15)
Seal Compatibility (NBR-VDA) 168 hrs @100C
Volume Change, % 4.95 1.94
Points Hardness Change -1 1
Tensile Strength Change, % -13.4 -7.8
Elongation Change, % -40.2 -36.3
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Elevance Aria™ WTP 40
Performance Comparisons
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WTP 40 Performance
Better boundary lubrication / Lower Friction
(stainless steel (AISI 52,100)
Entrainment speed or Slide to Roll Ratio
Test Conditions
Contact Pressure, GPa Temperature (oC) Speed Range (mm/s) Slide-Roll Ratio %
(37N Load)
1.2 40 - 120oC 2000 – 5 0-50
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WTP 40 Shows Reduced Friction and Wear vs. PAO/ester
Improved friction and wear when compared to PAO 40/ester
Friction performance at 80C Wear performance at 80C
MTM Data
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WTP 40 Gives Increased Film Thickness at Low Speeds
Demonstrates better boundary lubrication compared to PAO 40
EHL Fluid Film Measurement, 100 oC*
*EHL test was done by Dr. Girma Biresaw, USDA
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WTP 40 Demonstrates Less Micro-pitting in Screener Tests
Elevance Aria™ WTP 40 base stock shows reduced tendency micropitting when compared to PAO 40
Micropitting Test Rig (MPR)
PCS Instruments
• Temperature = RT - 135C
• Velocity = 0 - 4m/s
• Load= 0 – 1250N (3GPa)
• SRR = 0 - 200%
• ~1x10^6 contact cycles/hour
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Micropitting Screener
Pretest
Micropitting Test Rig (MPR)
Test Roller
Micropitting
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WTP 40 Advantage
MPR Test Conditions - to mimic wind turbine
Temperature = 90C
Velocity = 3m/s
Load= Varies based on track width
SRR = 20% PAO 40
Time = Four 1 hour intervals
Low and stable
Ring and Roller Material = 16MnCr5 vibration
predictive of
WTP 40 micropitting wear
Oils: resistance
Elevance Aria WTP 40
PAO40
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WTP 40 Advantage
WTP 40 shows reduced micropitting as evidenced by no horizontal blue wear scars
Post Test Roller Roughness and Wear Comparisons
PAO 40 Base WTP 40 Base
* Using optical interferometry
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WTP 40 Lubricity
WTP 40 can be used as an additive
Conditions
Microtap Testing
1000 rpm Forming Tap 6061 Al
190
5 wt% total additive in Oil 180
14.3 mm depth 170
Torque Avg (N*cm)
160
150
140
130
120
110
100
T-22 SO SO / ZDTP SO SO / WTP 40
ZDTP WTP40
5 wt%
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WTP 40: Performance under Extreme Pressure and Load
Excellent Rig Test Performance
L-37 high torque test (ASTM D 6121)
Gear Rating
API GL-5 MT-
Pinion Ring 1 Limits
Wear 7.0 8.0 5 min.
Rippling 9.4 10.0 8 min.
Ridging 9.4 10.0 8 min.
Pitting + Spalling 9.9 9.9 9.3 min.
Scoring 10.0 10.0 10
Deposits 10 10 Report
Corrosion 10 10 Report
Discoloration 9 8 Report
Overall Rating PASS PASS
100min, 440rpm, 147C, low torque - 24h, 80 rpm, 135C, high torque
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WTP 40 Advantage
Long chain ester provides thicker more durable film
WTP 40
Strong, thicker adsorbed film, due to large polar molecules and intermolecular
attractions which can stand higher load and shear at contacts.
Moving
PAO /
asperity
Ester
Thinner adsorbed film due to small ester molecules and is easily to broken down and removed at contacts.
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WTP 40 in GL-5 Gear Oil Enhances System Cleanliness
Impressive varnish reduction demonstrated vs. PAO 40/ester blends
GL-5 Spec PAO 40/ester WTP 40
Adipate TMP
Sludge >9.4 9.7 9.7 9.7
% Visc Inc. <100 7 8 14
Varnish >7.5 7.5 7.7 9.5
*Automotive Gear Oil Oxidation Test, L-60-1 (ASTM D5704)
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Key Takeaways
Lanxess has successfully produced our first batch of Elevance Aria™ WTP 40 for commercial
sales
Elevance Aria™ WTP 40 is a high viscosity base stock that can help meet today’s lubricant
demands for severe industrial and transportation applications
The molecular design of WTP 40, with chemically-bound ester, provides improved performance
due to its inherent polarity and its stronger and thicker adsorbed fluid film under boundary
conditions.
These features can help provide advantages over simple PAO/ester blends in friction and wear
performance, cleanliness and provides formulation simplicity
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Booth 127 / 129
Sales contact: David Stonecipher
email: [Link]@[Link] phone:+1 440-522-8405
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