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Vowels. Part 4

The document discusses the English vowel sounds /ʌ/, /ɜ:/, and /ə/ (schwa). It provides details on their articulation, examples of words containing each vowel, common spellings, and allophones. It also includes sentences demonstrating the use of each vowel sound. The key points are that /ʌ/ is a central, short vowel; /ɜ:/ is a central, long vowel; and /ə/ is a weak, central vowel used in unstressed syllables across many spellings. Examples and notes on pronunciation are given for each vowel.

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Henry Maier
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81 views12 pages

Vowels. Part 4

The document discusses the English vowel sounds /ʌ/, /ɜ:/, and /ə/ (schwa). It provides details on their articulation, examples of words containing each vowel, common spellings, and allophones. It also includes sentences demonstrating the use of each vowel sound. The key points are that /ʌ/ is a central, short vowel; /ɜ:/ is a central, long vowel; and /ə/ is a weak, central vowel used in unstressed syllables across many spellings. Examples and notes on pronunciation are given for each vowel.

Uploaded by

Henry Maier
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

La fonética del inglés y su

didáctica
Curso 2021/22
2.1 Vowels

2.1.10 /ʌ/

(a) Significant articulatory characteristics:


Central vowel
Articulators in similar position to /a:/
Open lips without tension and lack of duration

(b) Examples:
sun /´sʌn/
come /’kʌm/
bus /´bʌs/
2.1 Vowels
(c) Allophone: regional variety (North of Englad) as /ʊ :/

(d) Spelling occurrences:

“u” sun, run fun /’sʌn/ /’rʌn/ /’fʌn/

“o” won - one, come, done, son , /’wʌn/ /’kʌm/ /’dʌn/ /’sʌn/

“ou” country, young /’kʌntrɪ/ /’jʌŋ/

“oo” blood, flood /’blʌd/ /’flʌd/


2.1 Vowels
(d) Sentence practice

1.Your uncle doesn’t have much money

2. Some of us won a cup

3. They had to stand in the mud for much of the match


2.1 Vowels
2.1.11 /ɜ:/
(a) Central and long vowel, neutral lips with tension

(a) Examples: girl


girl /’gɜ:l/ world /’wɜ:ld/
learn / ‘lɜ:n/

(b) Allophone: / ɜ (:)/ clipping of the long vowel

/ɜ: / + voiceless consonant (/p t k tʃ θ s ʃ f/ /ɜ (:)/

work /´w ɜ(:)k/ birth /’bɜ(:)θ/ shirt /ʃɜ(:)t/


2.1 Vowels
(d) Spelling occurrences: (mute ”r”)

“ir” girl, firm, first /’gɜ:l/ /’fɜ:m/ /’fɜ(:)st/

“er, ear” earth, learn /‘ɜ(:)θ/ /’lɜ:n/

“ur” burn, nurse /’bɜ:n/ /’nɜ(:)s/

“or” word, world, work, worse

/’wɜ:d/ /’wɜ:ld/ /’wɜ(:)k/ /’wɜ(:)s/

“our” journey /’dʒɜ:nɪ/


2.1 Vowels
(e) Sentence Practice:

1. This firm makes jerseys all over the world.

2. I give you my word that I’ll wed that girl

3. When I worked in that firm, I learned more about stores and forms
2.1 Vowels

2.1.12 /ə/ schwa (the weak vowel)

(a) Significant articulatory characteristics:


Central short vowel
Similar articulation to /ɜ:/ without so much tension
Relaxed postion of the tongue
Neutral position of lips

(b) Examples:

father /’fa:ðə/
famous /’feɪməs/
would /wəd/
2.1 Vowels
(c) Spelling occurrences:

Any vowel or group of vowels

famous /’feɪməs/

woman /’wʊmən/

letter /’letə/

cupboard /’kʌpbəd/

should /ʃəd/
2.1 Vowels
(d) Different realizations
(1) In final position, /ə/ is more open: mother, father, brother,
cover, worker, daughter …

(2) In other positions, /ə/ is closer: alarm, about, attack afraid


/ə’la:m/ /ə’ fred/

(3) Words belonging to group (1) + a word with a vowel in initial


position, the pronunciation of /ə/ is closer due to linking r’

My brother is /maɪ ‘brʌðə ʳ͜ ‘ɪz/

The farmer or the doctor /ðə ‘fa:mə ʳ͜ ɔ: ðə ‘dɒktə/


2.1 Vowels
(e) Special uses of / ə/:

- It never occurs in stressed position

- It is the vowel of prepositions, articles, conjunctions,


linking words and auxiliary verbs
he must/should/could/can/ has come here now

she’s looking at/from/for/after/under the balcony


2.1 Vowels
(f) Sentence practice

1. The unforgettable structure of the cahedral was originally


designed by a novel architect

2. They constructed some appartments in the centre of


Manchester

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