Higher Nationals

Internal verification of assessment decisions – BTEC (RQF)

INTERNAL VERIFICATION – ASSESSMENT DECISIONS

Programme title Higher National Diploma in Business Management

Mr. Gihan Yatawatte

Assessor Internal Verifier
Unit 04- Management Operations
Unit(s)
Operations Management and relationship between Leadership and management
Assignment title
T.M. Kithmina Sandaruwan Thilakarathne
Student’s name

List which assessment Pass Merit Distinction

criteria the Assessor has
awarded.

INTERNAL VERIFIER CHECKLIST

Do the assessment criteria awarded match

those shown in the assignment brief?
Y/N

Is the Pass/Merit/Distinction grade awarded

justified by the assessor’s comments on the Y/N

student work?

Has the work been assessed

accurately? Y/N

Is the feedback to the student:

Give details:

• Constructive?
Y/N

• Linked to relevant assessment Y/N

 criteria?
Y/N
• Identifying opportunities for Y/N
improved performance?

• Agreeing actions?

Does the assessment decision need

amending? Y/N

Assessor signature Date

Internal Verifier signature Date

Programme Leader signature (if

required) Date
 Confirm action completed
Remedial action taken

Give details:

Internal Verifier
signature Date
Programme Leader
signature (if required) Date
Higher Nationals - Summative Assignment Feedback Form

Student Name/ID T.M. Kithmina Sandaruwan Thilakarathne

Unit Title
Assignment Number Assessor Mr. Giahan Yatawatte
Date Received 1st 07.08.2022
Submission Date submission
Date Received 2nd
Re-submission Date submission

Assessor Feedback:

LO1 Differentiate between the role of a leader and the function of a manager

Pass, Merit & Distinction P1 M1 D1

Descripts

LO2 Apply the role of a leader and the function of a manager in given context

Pass, Merit & Distinction P2 P3 M2 D1

Descripts
 Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:
Resubmission Feedback:

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Internal Verifier’s Comments:

Signature & Date:

* Please note that grade decisions are provisional. They are only confirmed once internal and external moderation has taken place and grades decisions have
been agreed at the assessment board.
Assignment Feedback
Formative Feedback: Assessor to Student

Action Plan

Summative feedback

Feedback: Student to Assessor

Assessor Date
signature
[email protected] 07.08.2022
Student Date
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Pearson
Higher Nationals in
Business

Unit 04: Management and Operations

Assignment 01

General Guidelines

1. A Cover page or title page – You should always attach a title page to your assignment. Use previous page as
your cover sheet and make sure all the details are accurately filled.
2. Attach this brief as the first section of your assignment.
3. All the assignments should be prepared using a word processing software.
4. All the assignments should be printed on A4 sized papers. Use single side printing.
5. Allow 1” for top, bottom , right margins and 1.25” for the left margin of each page.

Word Processing Rules

1. The font size should be 12 point, and should be in the style of Time New Roman.
2. Use 1.5 line spacing. Left justify all paragraphs.
3. Ensure that all the headings are consistent in terms of the font size and font style.
4. Use footer function in the word processor to insert Your Name, Subject, Assignment No, and Page Number
on each page. This is useful if individual sheets become detached for any reason.
5. Use word processing application spell check and grammar check function to help editing your assignment.

Important Points:

1. It is strictly prohibited to use textboxes to add texts in the assignments, except for the compulsory
information. eg: Figures, tables of comparison etc. Adding text boxes in the body except for the before
mentioned compulsory information will result in rejection of your work.
2. Carefully check the hand in date and the instructions given in the assignment. Late submissions will not be
accepted.
3. Ensure that you give yourself enough time to complete the assignment by the due date.
4. Excuses of any nature will not be accepted for failure to hand in the work on time.
5. You must take responsibility for managing your own time effectively.
6. If you are unable to hand in your assignment on time and have valid reasons such as illness, you may apply
(in writing) for an extension.
7. Failure to achieve at least PASS criteria will result in a REFERRAL grade .
8. Non-submission of work without valid reasons will lead to an automatic RE FERRAL. You will then be asked
to complete an alternative assignment.
9. If you use other people’s work or ideas in your assignment, reference them properly using HARVARD
referencing system to avoid plagiarism. You have to provide both in-text citation and a reference list.
10. If you are proven to be guilty of plagiarism or any academic misconduct, your grade could be reduced to A
REFERRAL or at worst you could be expelled from the course
Student Declaration

I hereby, declare that I know what plagiarism entails, namely to use another’s work and to present it as my own
without attributing the sources in the correct way. I further understand what it means to copy another’s work.

1. I know that plagiarism is a punishable offence because it constitutes theft.

2. I understand the plagiarism and copying policy of the Edexcel UK.
3. I know what the consequences will be if I plagiaries or copy another’s work in any of the assignments for this
program.
4. I declare therefore that all work presented by me for every aspects of my program, will be my own, and
where I have made use of another’s work, I will attribute the source in the correct way.
5. I acknowledge that the attachment of this document signed or not, constitutes a binding agreement
between myself and Edexcel UK.
6. I understand that my assignment will not be considered as submitted if this document is not attached to the
attached.

[email protected] 07.08.2022
Student’s Signature: Date:
(Provide E-mail ID) (Provide Submission Date)
Assignment Brief
Student Name /ID Number T.M. Kithmina Sandaruwan Thilakarathne

Unit Number and Title Unit 04 – Management and Operations

Academic Year 2021

Unit Tutor

Assignment Title Operations Management and relationship between Leadership and

management

Issue Date

Submission Date
IV Name & Date

Submission Format:

Section A:
The submission should be in the form of a 10-15 minutes individual PowerPoint presentation (5 minutes
allocation for questions). The presentation slides and speaker notes should be attached in the appendix.
Learner is required to make effective use of PowerPoint headings, paragraphs and subsections as
appropriate. Your research should be referenced using the Harvard referencing system. The
recommended word limit is 1,000–1,500 words, but learner will not be penalized for exceeding the total
word limit.

Section B:
The submission should be in the form of an individual written report. This should be written in a concise,
formal business style using single spacing and font size 12. You are required to make use of headings,
paragraphs and subsections as appropriate, and all work must be supported with research and
referenced using Harvard referencing system. The recommended word limit is 4,000–4,500 words, but
learner will not be penalized for exceeding the total word limit.

Unit Learning Outcomes:

LO1. Differentiate between the role of a leader and the function of a manager;
LO2. Apply the role of a leader and the function of a manager in given contexts;

LO3. Demonstrate an appreciation of the role leaders and managers play in the operations function of
an organization.

LO4. Demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between leadership and management in a

contemporary business environment

Assignment Brief and Guidance:

Section A:

Assume that you have been recruited as the Business Consultant for a Manufacturing Sri Lankan Firm
of your choice and you have been tasked to identify the leadership and manager’s role, management
functions and management aspects including the process and procedures. You need to provide an
adequate background study of the selected organization and conduct an analysis on leaders and
managers highlighting the difference between the management and leadership. You need to identify
different situations within the organization by analysing the role of a leader and the function of the
manager in the situations identified. Analyse different roles of management and leadership in
application to different organisational situations supported by theories and concepts. The influence of
the manager and the leader towards the performance of the organization needs to be analysed with
sufficient recommendation and future improvements. The findings should be presented in front of the
Board of Directors. This task should be completed in the form of a 15-minute presentation based on
the investigation conducted on the impact of leaders and managers towards the operations in the
given organization. The investigation should focus on how to improve their operations in more
advanced way to survive in the marketplace with the external and internal market fluctuations.

Section B:

For the chosen organization in Section A, you have been tasked to provide a report on how the
leadership and management team can improve overall operations within the organization. To assist
with this, you will need to investigate the external business factors that impact upon operational
management and the decisions making process of the management. You need to identify the key
operational functions and analyse the roles and responsibilities of the manager and leaders in the
identified key operational functions. You need to identify and critically evaluate the appropriate
management and leadership approaches to improve the operational efficiencies and to meet the
business objectives.
Grading Rubric
Grading Criteria Achieved Feedback

P1 Define and compare the different roles

and characteristics of a leader and a manager

P2 Examine examples of how the role of a

leader and the function of a manager apply in
different situational contexts.

P3 Apply different theories and models of

approach, including situational leadership,
systems leadership and
Contingency.
P4 Explain the key approaches to operations
management and the role that leaders and
managers play

P5 Explain the importance and value of

operations management in achieving business
objectives

P6 Assess the factors within the business

environment that impact upon operational
management and decision-making by leaders
and managers.

M1 Analyze and differentiate between the

role of a leader and function of a manager by
effectively applying a range of theories and
concepts.

M2 Assess the strengths and weaknesses of

different approaches to situations within the
work environment.
M3 Evaluate how leaders and managers can
improve efficiencies of operational
management to successfully meet business
objectives

M4 Analyze how these different factors affect

the business environment and wider
community

D1 Critically analyse and evaluate the

different theories and approaches to
leadership in given contexts.

D2 Critically evaluate application of

operations management and factors that
impact on the wider business environment

OBSERVATION RECORD

Learner name: T.M. Kithmina Sandaruwan Thilakarathne

Qualification: BTEC Level 4-HNC/HND Diploma (RQF)

Unit number & title: Unit

Description of activity undertaken

Assessment criteria targeted

How the activity covers the requirements of the assessment criteria (this does not confirm achievement of
assessment criteria or confer an assessment decision)
 Learner name: T.M. Kithmina Sandaruwan Thilakarathne

Learner signature: [email protected] Date: 07.08.2022

Assessor name:

Assessor
signature:

WITNESS STATEMENT

Learner name: T.M. Kithmina Sandaruwan Thilkarathne

Qualification: BTEC Level 4-HNC/HND Diploma (RQF)

Unit number & title: Unit

Description of activity undertaken (please be as specific as possible)

Assessment criteria (for which the activity provides evidence)

How the activity covers the requirements of the assessment criteria, including how and where the activity took
place (this does not confirm achievement of assessment criteria or confer an assessment decision)
Witness name: Job role:

Witness
Date:
signature:

Learner name: T.M. Kithmina Sandaruwan Thilakarathne

Learner Kithminathilkarathne@gma
Date: 07.08.2022
signature: il.com

Assessor
name:

Assessor
Date:
signature:
Section A

In here MAS Holdings Fabrics (PVT) Ltd is to identify all the Management Operation systems. So, it
gives new management systems to the organization. It has many sections, many management departments
to handle all the process of the organization. In here , it shows background of the organization and it's
unique process.
Mainly focus on the operational management activities with the managerial activities and the leadership.
Organizational goals under the control of leadership and the other activities. This provides more
information about the organizational backgrounds.
This gives deep idea about the presentation slides. Therefore it is easy to identify all the parts of the
presentation that presented, background of the organization, key approaches and main roles of a leader and
the manager would be the main points to the presentation. It implies many systems, organizational visions
and missions.
MAS Holdings Fabrics (PVT) Ltd. Is the world famous design to delivery solution in the apparel &
textiles manufacturing company. It was started in 1986, so it has many space to the world market. Their
products are implies quality and comfortable fabrics wear to the world and it has own unique style.
MAS this name was invented by using 3Amalea brothers who are Mahesh, Ajay, & Sharad.
AS Holdings Fabrics (PVT) Ltd. Is the world famous design to delivery solution in the apparel & textiles
manufacturing company. It was started in 1986, so it has many space to the world market. Their products
are implies quality and comfortable fabrics wear to the world and it has own unique style.
MAS this name was invented by using 3Amalea brothers who are Mahesh, Ajay, & Sharad..
Leadership means the process of influencing people, it's their efforts are oriented toward achieving the
goals of the organization. This is the process of guiding others behavior toward achieving the objective
orientation in the case implies encouraging people to act in a certain way. Leadership thrives where people
have clear objectives & resources to reach all the things.
The leader's main source is the power they need to use effectively in order to motivate people to make the
utmost effort to increase the level of performance, this is the process of inspiring others to work hard to
accomplish important tasks. Planning or sets the direction of objectives, organizes the pooling of resources
to turn the plan into actions.
Organization is a set of element that interact to achieve the goals & carry out the activities to provide
people with material goods & services with a vision of making good profit. The qualities of the
characterize a leaders are very important for both the organization and for leader himself. Communication
is essential for the leadership, especially for the internal functions of the organization.
It realizes the integration of all managerial functions. It helps to set targets for the respective departments,
organizes human resources & all other resources so effectively & helps employees better understand the
decision making process.
Management is the process of be seen as the art & science of achieving the objectives of an organization in
the most efficient way. It also includes getting things done through other people and the effective control
of men, money, machine and materials. Management is oriented towards establishments & it is the way of
formulating and implementation policies of an organization through bureaucratic system to achieve desired
objectives. Sometimes administration & management sounds similar both terms are made up of the same
organizational functions of planning, organizing, controlling, staffing, motivating, communicating and
coordinating.
When consider about the Management performance,
Middle Management
Top management
Functional management provide different types of managerial activities inside the organization.
01. Setting objectives for a given area of business activities in an organization.
02. Perception of organizational problems & opportunities both from internal and external dimensions of
person.
03. Understand the consequences for an organization, its present problem and opportunities through
diagnosis.
04. Generation of action response to the current problems and opportunities.
05. Analyse of the consequences for action recommended.
06. Choice of the preferred alternative cause of action.
07. Programming and budgeting for the selective alternative cause of action.
08. Measurement of organizational performance in relation to set the objectives.
Leader is a the person who influences a group of people toward the achievement of a goal. They inspire
passion and motivate in followers. They are becoming leaders on basic of the personal qualities. On the
other hand, they don't have rights. Mainly influences the people to work willingly for the team objectives.
Leaders are always deal with the employees. Therefore, it is easy to identify their desires and dislikes. This
leadership is temporarily available on their hand. The leader can maintain his position only through day to
day wishes of the followers. They can command over different sanctions and related task records.
Manager is responsible for supervising and motivating employees and for directing the progress of the
organization. This is an individual that supervises both activities and the people within the organization.
This is the person becomes a manager by virtue of the position. Manager got formal rights in an organization
because of his status. Manager is performing all five functions of management. This position is more stable
inside the organization. They can continue in office till the performs his duties satisfactorily in congruence
with organizational goals and objectives. They can command over allocation and distribution of sanctions.
01) A Leader works with the team.
There should be a leader to motivate the employees, lead them to the correct point, discuss all the
matters with the employees, and at the same time to boost the productivity of the employees. It is
really helpful them to work in a free working environment. So, leader needs to know everything
about the employees including their capacity and their working level.
A Manager gives instructions to the group.
Most of the time manager isn't giving instructions to all the groups, but they select the team leaders
or the departmental heads to give instructions so, it save time and easy to navigate employees of the
organization. It is the best way to communicate with the employees. Managing the organization is
not easy but managers use leaders to do them in a perfect way.

02) A Leader focus on employees.

Leader is the person who focuses on the employees of the organization. They lead their employees to
achieve the objectives of the organization & helps to achieve personal achievements of the
employees.
A Manager focus on resources.
 Manager is not responsible for the employee, they only focus on the resources/ materials regarding to
the business. They give fully attention to the Management of the resources & make the process to
make it too comfortable with the other departments.

03) A Leader interact with the employees.

Leader is giving main focus to the employee issues. So, they spend much time to discuss each an
every small matter with the employees, on the other hand it motivates employees to work without
any stressful environment & also it boost the productivity of the employees.
A Manager interact with the Leaders.
Managers are not going to spend their time on small matters and not giving much attention or time to
find solutions to the issues. So, they choose leaders to communicate main & correct matter & find
process to manage them within a short period of time.

04) A Leader do the Long term.

Leaders lead to do long term business activities. Planning, organizing and collect all the analytical
data regarding the plans. After that they have the clear plan work on it.
A Manager do the Short term.
When it's come to short term things manager make the short term plans and complete them with the
right mind-set. It gives stress less background to them but leaders need to make everything.
Managers give small or short term plans but they need to manage every activity regarding the work

05) Leader Designing the background.

Manager Building the background.

06) Leader Inspiring and motivating.

Leaders are encouraging employees to do all the activities of the organization & they are provided
side support to their employees ,at the same time giving extra rewards & promotions.
Manager Problem solving.

07) Leader Look at the future.

Leaders are making plans & objectives to lead the future of the organization.
Manager Concern about the present & working.
Managers focus on the current position of the organization & manage each an every detail of the
organizational activity. They keep track on trade patterns, financial records of the day to day basis
 activity. They compare them and make the change and lead the Leaders to make the employees to
work on it.

08) Focus on effectiveness.

Leaders need success and to produce something new. They mix creativity to make it happen.
Managers would provide less materials but leaders think out of the box to something different.
Though they have least number of employees or the resources they teach how to manage them
produce a new quality item to the market place and leaders make employees to that position.

Focus on efficiency.
Managers always try to take the maximum benefit from the least input. They have the clear vision on
that so, they count and release the most wanted materials or the resources to the production. It is
good to practice the employees on that and they search every single detail about the wastage or the
loss.

09) Leader Focus on the Product.

Leader lead employees & they focus on the product or last factor of the process or the activity. They
provide instructions about last view of the product. So, employees work on it to achieve the target of
the product while leaders provide the proper motivation and the instructions.
Manager Focus on the process.
Managers need the proper activities from the employees, so, they provide instructions to the Leaders.
It helps leaders to know about the process of the supply chain. Managers provide each an every
activity regarding the production and they only focus on it. Other things are on leaders hand. So,
manager manage the activities and inform leaders & Leaders are maintain the employee works on
there.
Establish the strategic directions & make Vision,
Leaders are there to make the business direction to the business or the organization. So, it takes some goals
to achieve it, it needs a good vision to make it happens. So, they are responsible to make strategic
directions and proper vision. On the other hand managers are not into that, then plan all the budgets in the
organization. They take the most major parts & do them. So, financial activities & plans of the new budget
are always goes with the manager they take major responsibilities to settle main plans of the organizational
level.
Communicate the vision, mission & strategic of the organization.
Leaders make the structure to the business and make all the vision plans, and all the structural strategies
related to the organization. It provides all the support to the business. Managers are not like that they
develop the process and set timelines to the goals and lead the Leaders to manage future of the
organization. All the things depend on the Vision, mission & strategic plans of the activities of the
business.
Motivate and inspire team members,
Leaders always work with the team members so, they are responsible to motivate all the employees and
inspire them, on the other hand they need to boost employee's motivation to get the best outputs from them.
Managers here to lead other under level group. So, they lead the Sub managers , product line seniors and
other sub leading bodies inside the organization. They monitor each and every detail about the product
lines and inform and provide advices to the main bodies.
Seeking solutions for the production issues,
Leader manage the works with all the employees, they used to talk problems with the employees, provide
more solutions for them, including production issues and everything regarding to the lines. They need to
provide solutions and discuss them with the mangers. Mangers only control the internal and external non-
conformities coordinating with the production and the sales team. They are not responsible to find
solutions for the issues in the production line.
Risk taking regarding the sales unit,
Leaders have the main focus to take the risks and manage them in a proper way. Sales unit is a major part
of the organization, so it should be perfect in every way. Leaders are responsible to know all the risks
regarding the organization so, sales sector is special to the organization. Managers deal with the
communication process with the customers and some technical matters. They are totally not with the
issues. If they have issues leaders need to clarify them and provide details to the main departments.
Focus on developing others talents and skills,
Leaders lead others to do many things , they have responsibilities and leaders are aware of the skills of the
employees and the talents. So, leaders can improve their skills by taking some actions. Managers are not
like that they never focus to develop skills and the talents but leaders do. Managers need to improve the
productivity. But to improve the productivity, employees need to be very skilful and talented.
Change event settings and create new opportunities,
Leaders know how to manage all the settings inside the organization because they discuss with everyone
and take ideas from each party. They have chance to create new opportunities related to the business.
Managers are not to that. They do everything and discuss with the customer meetings. So, it helps to take
the clear idea about the business environment.
Organization is responsible for the all the project orders and they make the agreements to fulfil their needs
So, it is goes under the Managers and under the Leaders. They are responsible for the different types of
roles and responsibilities regarding the project. Leaders are mainly focus on the employees, their talents
their skills and key factors to boost their motivation. It helps to improve the productivity of the
organization and on the other hand it helps to get more benefits from the employees to fulfil the target of
the organization. So, leaders need to give main point to the employees and maintain the work load with
them by discussing all the issues.
Managers are not like that because they get the clear idea about the project and they develop the process
and communicate with the Leaders and confirm the final decisions regarding the production. It easy to
communicate all the Leaders because they know to handle the situation with the employees. If they know
everything regarding the project they are ready to take correct decisions as a manager. They have to
assume all the internal and external environment of the project. If it's not related they are giving it to the
leading people.
Leaders have the responsibility to seek all the issues inside the organization, sometimes they are able to
find the solutions and sometimes not. If they cannot any solution they will discuss them with the mangers.
It would be useful for both the sides. They need to identify the right product line seniors and need to
provide advices and motivation to the employees. It needs proper guidance to complete the orders of the
organization.
Managers are responsible for the daily preparations, upcoming products and every single detail about the
production lines. They need to guide leaders to maintain proper space to pack up the orders and to mark
and mention everything in systems.
Sometimes leaders focus on the employees, they have the proper of identifying employee's strength and
weaknesses. They can give individual guidance to the employees and motivate to fulfil daily production
target. Leaders are mainly guide all the employees and get things done it is easy when dealing with the
friendly working environment. So, the managers plan all the suitable budget plans, manage resources and
build the team & quality skilled batch by dealing with the leaders. On the other hand it improves working
process and motivate the employees in the organization.
This is somewhat complex with the lines, but in MAS Holdings Fabrics they have separate line manager
and the seniors to control all the special project plans. Managers would provide the instructions and leaders
are there to guide the employees. So, when it comes to a special projects than the usual ones they select
most skilled employees and prepare for it within the short period of time.
01) This really comes to seeing the cup half empty or half full. If it only willing to point out the flaws of
a project or an employee, it's not giving them much interest in learning or improving. Instead,
creating another effect on it. Start with some form of praise, follow with the criticism, and end with
praise.

02) There is nothing certain to turn the employees against faster than shouting orders at them. It needs
some attention and ask the questions from the employees, “What would you do?” or “What do you
think of this idea?” Allowing people to participate in the decision-making process will not only
transform what could have been an order into something more easily swallowed, it also inspires
creativity, motivation and autonomy.

03) It may seem more efficient to point out employees’ mistakes directly, but this will only leave them
feeling embarrassed and frustrated. It really giving them the chance to learn and grow from through
the critiques. Instead, give employees the chance to address their mistakes. For an example, say a
 project was sent to a client and receive back a disgruntled message. Calmly ask the employee about
the clients concern and whether they feel what was on par. This will give them a chance to provide
their input, while also improving for the future.

04) Praise pays off when it comes to increasing the overall success of the company. Finding time to
recognise the employees for even the smallest accompaniment will only increase their interest in
what they do. If they are interested in ensuring the employees take pride in all that they do, regular
feedback and recognition is certain to do the trick. Everyone wants to be genuinely appreciated for
their efforts.

05) Managers who lack leadership abilities are always first to take credit. But effective leaders
understand the importance of crediting their team for the big wins. This pays off in the long run for
creative a workplace with a more positive company culture and employees who are driven toward
more successes as a team. Management shouldn't be approach through force, but rather through
influence. So, these techniques in place to improve the way employees perform.

Leaders/ companies Management philosophy/ operating system

Google Too many companies have been built on not trusting

people but on making rules and prohibitions, telling
customers what they cannot do, and penalizing them
for doing wrong. Google has built its empire on
trusting us. ( Jeff Jarvis, what would Google do? )

Ken Chanault, American Express The competitive advantage of trust has never been
more important or more valuable.
Meg Whitman, eBay More than a decade later, still believe that Pierre
(Omidyar) was right, the fundamental reason eBay
worked was that people everywhere are basically
good. We provided the tools and reinforced the
values, but our users built eBay. Our community's
willingness to trust eBay- and one another-was the
foundation of eBay’s success....eBay is all about the
trust with the employees and the managers or the
leaders.

Leading and Managing people

As a leader This provides the clear purpose and direction to the own organizational team. On the other
hand it always helps to understand and communicate measurable performance objectives by supervising
and allocate work to the team. Leader is a main person to guide the team members. It is not easy to handle
or deal with all the employees and provides solutions for them. So, they need to communicate clearly and
succinctly with all the team members. They are support employees or the team members through on the job
training. On the job training is a form of training which is provided at the workplace within the working
hours. So, this is really helpful, because this training system provides an opportunity to get to know the
staff that they might not normally talk to & employees may feel more at east being taught or supervised by
the leaders.
Manager is the person who helped the team that create and maintain shared team values. They discuss with
the leaders not with the employees, and inform them to make better team to follow the organizational
visions. They are really into monitor individual and team performance and take action when required. It
means they take actions to promote the employees and to reward them in a proudly manner. So, it gives
deep motivation to the employees to work hard. Manager need to develop their staff. It gives many benefits
to the organization, it depends on it.
Leading change
Leaders are there to identify opportunities for better service delivery and the development. They need to
check everything related to the organizational environment. This is related to the organization and to the
product service. All the employees deal with the fabrics so, they need to be on time. It is very important get
opportunity for a better service and it boost productivity. Support team members through change processes.
It is easy to deal with the employees as a leader because they can straight away contact with the
employees. It is really important to maintain all the employee actions.
Managers are plan all the activities to enable successful change. It is Connect with all the leaders inside the
organization. So, they are planning it and inform the leaders sometimes they share their views.
Managing activities and resources.
Leaders take many responsibilities for small scale resources. Leaders are plan and prioritize projects and
activities. So, this is there main responsibility to manage all the resources with the available service. Not
only that but also managers are there to manage all the finances of the company team and on the other hand
they are optimize use of financial and other resources. Managers are the main bodies to control activities
and the resources with the organization. This is not an easy task but if they have clear management it
would be useful for both the parties.
Managing information and knowledge
When consider about the organizational backgrounds leaders are collect organizational information help to
make right decisions inside the organization. They are friendly with all the employees and easily can get
the right information from them. Not only that they know who to contact for a better advice. That would be
the best trait of them. They can use all the organizational environment and manage information and the
knowledge.
When it comes to the manager they are established team level managers information and communication
system. They are not dealing with the employees but they contact the leaders and can take the ideas. And it
is provide and use appropriate information to support a better decision making. Managers are the main
parts to make the decisions. They are collecting details from the other junior managers, line Managers and
from the senior management.
Managing type
Leaders are develop effective personal networks and plan the time effectively. Leaders are always goal
oriented and they should be. Leaders are managing some sun parts of the organization but not fully like
management. Leaders need to plan time and the duration. It is very essential to achieve the targets of the
organization.
Manager plan effectively both the long term and the short term plans. They always make the plans so,
leaders need to get advices or the plans from the manager and need to work on it. So, mangers need to
provide all the details to the leaders and the leaders need to inform and motivate all the employees towards
the goals of the organization.
Developing proper projects
Development of the project is not an easy task because it needs proper vision about the task. So the leaders
develop effective relationships with internal and external shareholders. It is easy to handle with the leaders
because they have friendly environment so, they can manage them clearly. Then they identify customer
driven improvements to product or services.
Managers manage the activities to meet the shareholders expectations. On the other hand they are
promoting customer care as a main objective. It is the attractive point of the organization. And the
managers keep track on the customer performance or the feedbacks.
In the conclusion, all the topics discusses about the leadership & about the Management inside the selected
organization and the external environment. So, when consider about it it shows different approaches,
characteristics and the difference types of leadership skills.
So, it is important to the organization because it has different roles to the leader and to the manager. Each
topic shows business of the organization. In each topic explains different theories and approaches. This is
focusing leadership and the Management.
 01.Define what is Operation Management & it's key approaches.

This is the process of the business function that responsible for managing the system of creation of goods
& services. It involves planning, organizing, coordinating & controlling all the resources that needed to
produce a company's goods and services.
Planning- It pushes all the leaders and managers to plan all the system units to achieve the targets (target
orders) in the organization. So, they have the vision and they plan the time, structures, dates and missions
to complete their daily or any other tasks.
Organizing- After the plans they prepare for them, with the employees, with the resources and time
schedules. Leaders have to be the better characters in here because they need to organize the working
environment to work in a calm way.
Coordinating- Managers would coordinate the leaders, leaders would coordinate their employees. Of there
is any issue leaders are the first people who talks with the employees. So, they have to have great
responsibility to manage everything in the working environment.
Controlling- This is involving with everything because many can control the resources that they order to
the organization, it means they always try to get less input and more output to every order or to collect for-
profit. So, they limit the resources that needs to produce company goods.
Explain the approaches that you could identify in the selected organization with the
explanation of role of the leader & manager play under each approach.
Improvement of the working team
This is the main objective of the organization. All the tasks on their hands. So, the team need to be
productive than the any other icons of the organization. Working team is on down of the organization, but
they complete the main target of the organization.
Leader is the person who boosts team productivity. Leader is always connected with the employees always
can talk their problems with the leaders. So, leaders help to develop their personality, job related skills, to
make correct decisions to give clear vision to the employees. All the things improve the working team.
Manager is not directly connected with the employees or the team. They guide the leaders, leaders also in
the team and they also in the to uplift them up. Managers are help to motivate the leaders; leaders are help
to motivate the team. So, in here leaders go and provide all the employee details to the manager and
managers should make the decisions to give promotions or rewards for them. It is important to improve the
productivity.
Focus on process and improve the plans
This is really important to the MAS Holdings because they have a huge process to build their products and
services. So, leaders are focus to develop the process by using their skills & also motivate employees to
develop it with small period of time. They need to concentrate on the system and make sure it's working
with the organizational background. On the other hand, they can involve with the plans, because Mangers
are making all the plans to get the target within the short period of time & it save time. Time to time they
improve the plans or they change it because, if there is any issue regarding to employee, manager should
ready to fix all the issues without wasting the precious time.
Recognition and Celebration
This gives push to improve the productivity. So, they recognize all the talented employees or the working
team and rewards them. It is called ‘Celebration’. In MAS Holdings, in every year they choose best
employee of the year. So it's a recognition & celebration. Not only that but also, if there is an employee
who works nearly five years inside the organization, they provide gold coin for them. So, leaders are here
to recognize best employees because leaders know and directly connecting with the team. Therefore, it is
easy to understand employee’s working background and their effort. After that leaders go and inform the
managers , so manager's role is to plan how to do the rewards and what to give or what are the best thing to
them or sometimes prepare promotions & material things to make them happy. On the other hand
organization would provide business tours, so they can gather many experiences from that and employees
attract more to the organization and they won't think to leave the organization.
Employee involvement and the Empowerment
This is nearly looks like improvement of the team. This is providing individual involvement and the
Empowerment to the organization. If they really involve with the working environment, it is easy to build
the target therefore, leaders, encourage all the employees as a team, or an individually. So, it is a great
empowerment or to develop the working environment. Leaders are good on using the skill to handle
employees with the friendly manner. Managers have the power to check all the works & recognize
excellence of the team. They are not involving with it. So, they are looking at them & guide the activities
of the organization.
Reducing product and Service costs.
Production is a main process of the organization. MAS is a large system of the textile & fabrics. Most of
the organizations would like to put least input and more output so, it's an advantage to the organization.

02. Explain the approaches that you could identified in the Selected Organization with the

explanation of role the leader and Manager play under each approach.
 Motivating & developing team- This is the main approach in MAS Holdings Fabrics. So, it is very
important when it comes to the separate lines. This is not an easy task to motivate employees and to
improve them because it takes time therefore both the leaders and the managers should responsible
for this task. Leaders are responsible for process and to motivate them. Managers provide resources
and give instructions to the leaders and to the seniors. Therefore, it can be manage with the whole
team. Daily they receive different types of orders so, that team should be a strong one and should be
 strong enough to face the tough decisions. Sometimes managers may take tough decisions and
leaders lead employees to achieve them.
 Production Planning- In here MAS Holdings Fabrics need a good quality management to settle down
the all the production sections because, this is the main target of the organization. If there is no
planning with the production it may be gives negative impact to the organization. Though they ready
to work they need clear plan about the production. So, the managers plan all the budgets, plan the
resources and inform the available details to the leaders. So, after that leader and the seniors should
lead the employees and need to inform line Managers.
 Supply chain management- Fabrics or the textile industry is really complex to deal because it needs
more effort to control the resources, plan them, manage them and to transport system. So, this can be
called as “Supply chain” therefore all the supply chains should be strong enough to settle all the
activities regarding the situations. Leaders should give advices and need to give continues motivation
to the employees. Managers need to manage all the activities regarding the supply chain.
 Improve Productivity- When improving productivity, in this process leaders are the best one's to
prepare them for it. They talk issues with the employees, discuss all the conclusions, decisions and
make it comfortable to the employees. Therefore employees get attention and they never try to skip
their responsibility. On the other hand leaders talk some rewards, promotion giving to the employees
with the managers. So, managers would involve with this process. Because, managers are prepare the
budgets and financial statements. When employees get much attention they work with their pure
mind-set and with the friendly environment it is easy to concentrate the working area peacefully.
 Designing Product Layouts( Line balancing) - A product layout consists of a number of processes
arranged one after another in a ‘line' to produce a standard product or a service in a relatively high
volume. These systems which have a characteristic flow layout use specialised equipment or staff
dedicated to achieving an optimal flow of work through the system. This is important because all
items follow virtually the same sequence of operations. A major aim of flow system is to ensure that
each stage of production is able to maintain production at an equal rate. The technique of line
balancing is used to ensure that the output of each production stage and maximum efficiency is
attained.
Line balancing involves ensuring that the stages of production are coordinated and somethings are
avoided because of the line flow configuration on the task in the line must be undertaken in order and
the output of the whole line will be determined by the slowest or bottle neck process. So, leaders
need to be more alert with all the process inside the organization or the product lines. The actual
design of the design is thus guided by the order of the task which are involved in producing the
product or delivering the service and the required output rate required to meet demand. This provides
details which determines the number of stages and the output rate of each stage.
 Leaders and the managers should balance this process and the working environment. Because it
needs much attention when it comes to the product lines. In here we are talking about the Designing
Product Layouts, so in MAS Holdings Fabrics need to be effectively and efficiently work with the
process. Sometimes they don't have personal searching time for each sector. So, they must provide a
procedure to maintain them in a suitable way for the production.
 Work Systems design- This is bring desirable characteristics to people's work leading to an improved
mental state and to increase performance. It includes Job Enlargement, & Job Enrichment. Job
Enlargement, involves the horizontal integration of task to expand the range of task involved in a
particular job. If it's successfully implemented it can be increase identity , task significance and skill
variety through involving worker in the whole work task either individually or within the group. Job
rotation is a common form of job enlargement and involves a worker changing job roles with another
worker on a periodic basis. Sometimes leaders may successfully identify this and it helps to increase
task identify, skill variety and autonomy through involvement in a wider range of work task with
discretion about when these mix of tasks can be undertaken. When it comes to Job Enrichment, it
involves the vertical integration of task and the integration of responsibility and decision making.
Most of the time managers would make the decisions and increase all five of the desirable job
characteristics by involving leaders and then the leaders involve with the employees in a wider range
of task and provide responsibility for the successful execution of those tasks. This approach does
require the feedbacks so that success of the work can be judged. This managerial and staff including
leaders and the seniors responsibilities potentially given to an employee through enrichment can be
seen as a form of empowerment. This lead to improved productivity and product quality in any
product line.
On the other hand Job shop manufacturing will require skilled workers who will be involved in a
variety of different tasks and will have some Discretion in how they undertake these tasks.

03. Identify what are the Business objectives and explain them.
This is focus on specific capabilities that give it a competitive edge which may be termed
competitive priorities. This is measure of these capabilities can be termed cost, time, quality and
flexibility.
Cost
If an organization is competing on price, it is essential that it keeps its cost base lower than the
competition. Then it will either make profits than rivals, if price is equal or gain market share if price
is lower. Cost is also important for a strategy of providing a product to a market niche , which
competitors cannot provide. The cost proximity,
ex- to ensure costs are close to the market average.
 Is important to maximise profits and deters competitors from entering the market. The major
categories of costs are staff, facilities & materials with the greatest scope for cost reduction of the
cost of materials. A relatively small proportion of costs are usually assigned to direct labour.
Time
The time delay or speed of operation can be measured as the time between a customer request for a
product/ service and then receiving that product/ service. Speed is an important factor to the
customer in making a choice about which organization to use. The concept of P:D ratios compare the
demand time D( from customer request to receipt of goods/services) to the total throughout the time
P of the purchase, make and the delivery stage.
Quality
Quality covers both the quality of the product/ service itself and the quality of the process that
delivers the product/service. Quality can be measured by the “Cost of quality” model were costs are
categorised as either the cost of achieving good quality or the costs of poor quality products. The
advantages of good quality on competitiveness include increased dependability, reduced costs and
improved customer service.
Flexibility
There are a number of areas in which flexibility can be demonstrated. For an example it can mean the
ability to offer a wide variety of products/services to customer and to be able to change these
product/ services quickly. Flexibility is needed so the organization can adapt to a changing customer
needs in terms of product range and varying demand and to cope with capacity shortfalls due to
equipment breakdown or component shortage. Types of flexibility include product flexibility which
is the ability to be able to quickly act in response to changing customer needs with new product/
service designs and volume flexibility which is the ability to be able to decrease or increase output in
response to change in demand. Volume flexibility may needed for seasonal changes in demand as
service may have to react to demand changes minute by minute.
When talks about some objectives inside the organization other than the standards,
 To promote an understanding of Fashion and Textile Design in relation to the needs of Fashion,
contractual furnishing, creative textiles and the Business to Business textile products.
Employees will be able to locate, analyse and synthesize market research data and apply that data to
delineate the needs of specific markets.
They are able to critically evaluate textile product design solutions in terms of needs of diverse
textile and uses and communicate those evaluations using appropriate vocabulary, terminologies and
structural dimensions.
 To provide hands on experience using a set of complex technologies found in industry today to build
prototypical solutions to solve current needs.
 Employees or the seniors will use propriety and off the shelf CAD systems to build virtual prototypes
and labs and others to build the actual prototypes.
Employees will be able to successfully execute projects using various software packages for fashion
and Textile.
 To provide experience in responding to market opportunities with creative and innovative products
that integrate a set of academic discipline such as textile materials, design fundamentals, business
fundamentals, sourcing, data mining of market information and new developments in material
science and engineering.
Seniors or the leaders will develop innovative and creative fashion, home and contract products for
diverse textile markets.
They will be able to prepare entries and compete in industry and academic competitors.

 To create an educational environment that approximate the actual conditions in industry by building
studios and workshops containing state of art systems, resources, technologies and a community of
creativity and innovation.
They will be able to execute design projects utilizing industry design, development and production
equipment.
Apply knowledge of design elements and principles, product, market and technology to critique of
Fashion, textile and Textile product Design work.
04.Identify and Explain what are the operational functions that could be identified in the
Selected Organization.
When consider about the Operational functions, in apparel industry ,
 Generating Ideas.
 Market analysis.
 Economic analysis.
 Design for manufacturers.
 Quality Management.
 Supply chain distribution.
 Capacity management.
 Demand management.
 Work measurement.
 Project management.
 Inventory management.

Generating Ideas
Ideas for new product and service should be sought from a variety of sources including market research,
customer view points, the organization's MAS Holdings Fabrics research and development department if
one exits. Competitors or relevant developments in new technology. Competitors can provide a good ideas
and it is important that the organization analyses aby new product they introduce to the market to make an
appropriate response. Some systematic areas , approach of make an product to leave for the against what is
considered the best un that market segment and the making recommendations on how the product can be
improved to make the standards although the reactive strategy, benchmarking can be useful to organization
who have lost innovative competitors.
Market analysis
Market analysis consists of evaluating the product concept with potential customers through interviews,
focus groups and other data collection methods. The physical production may be tested by supplying a
sample for customer evaluation. The market analysis should be identified whether sufficient demand for
the proposed product exists and its fit with the existing marketing strategy. At a strategic level the
organization can uses the product life cycle to determine the likely cost and volume characteristics of the
product. The product life cycle describes the product sales volume over time. In the early stage production
cost are high and design changes may be frequent. However there should be little or no competitors for the
new product and premium price can be changed to customers attract to innovate the product. The growth
stage shows the rapid increase in volume and the possibility of competitors entering the market. It is
important to establish the product in the market as firmly as possible in order to secure future sales.
Production costs should be declining as process improvements and standardisation takes place. In mature
stage competitive pressures will increase & it is important that sales are secured through a branded product
to differentiate it from competitors and a competitive price. There should be a continued effort at design
improvements to both products & process. Some products consumer durable, may stay in mature stage
almost indefinitely & techniques such as advertising are used to maintain interest & market share.
Economic analysis
Economic analysis consists of developing estimates of production and demand costs and comparing them
with estimates of demand in order to perform the analysis requires an accurate estimate of demand as
possible derived from statistical forecast of industry sales and estimates of market share in the sector the
product is competing in these estimates will be based on a predicted price range for the product which is
compatible with the position of the new product in the market. In order to assess the feasibility of the
projected estimate of product cost in terms of such factors as materials, equipment and personnel must be
estimated. Techniques such as cost/ benefit analysis, decision theory and accounting measures such as net
present value and internal rate of return. This may be used to calculate the profitability of the product.
Design for manufacturers
The ability of the product or service to fulfil customers needs is a major factor in design. There is also a
need to ensure that the product designed can be produced easily and at a low cost. Design for manufacture
is a concept which provides instructions on how this can be achieved using techniques such as
simplifications, standardization and modularization. Simplification involves a reduction in the number of
components in the design in order to reduce cost and increase reliability. Standardization involves using
components that can be used in a number of products again reducing costs through economies of scale and
minimizing inventory. Modularization is using modules or blocks of components that are standard across
products. Again costs are reduced and reliability increased.
Quality Management
Total Quality Management has involved over a number of years from ideas presented by a number of
quality instructors. Deming proposed an implementation plan consisting of 14 steps which emphasises
continues improvement of the production process to achieve conformance of specification and reduce
variability. This is achieved by the eliminating common causes of quality problems such as poor design
and insufficient training and special causes such as a specific machine. It places great emphasises on
statistical quality control techniques and promote extensive employee involvement in the quality
improvement program.
Supply chain distribution
Supply chain distribution refers to the movement of materials through the supply chain to the customer.
Two main areas of physical distribution management are materials handling and warehousing.
Capacity management
This is talks capacity should take into account both the volume and the time over which capacity is
available. Thus capacity can be taken as measure of an organization's ability to provide customers with
services or good in the amount requested at the time requested. Capacity decisions should be taken by
firstly identifying capacity requirements and then evaluating the alternative capacity plans generated.
Demand management
With the level capacity and chase demand strategies aim to adjust capacity to match demand, the demand
management strategy attempts to adjust demand to meet available capacity. There are many ways this can
be done, but most will involve altering the marketing mix and will require co-ordination with the
marketing function that demand management strategies include,
 Provide increased marketing efforts to product lines with excess capacity.
 Use advertising to increase sales low demand periods.
 Use the existing process to develop alternative product during low demand periods.
 Offer instant delivery of products during low demand periods.
 Use an appointment system to level out demand.
Work measurement
Work study measurement which determines the length of time it will take to undertake a particular task.
This is important not only to determine pay rates but also to ensure that the each stage in a production line
system is of an equal duration. Thus ensuring maximum output. Usually the method study and work
measurement activities are undertaken together to develop the time as well as method standards. Setting
time standards in a structured manner permits the use of benchmark against which to measure a range of
variables such as cost of the product and share of work between team members. However the work
measurement technique has been criticized for being measured by management of determining worker
compensation. The time needed to perform each work element can be determined by the use of historical
data, work sampling or most usually time to study about them.
Project management
Projects are one off operations with specific aims which are due to be met by a defined project completion
date. The complexity of the project will increase with the size and number of activities within the project.
Extensive planning and co-ordination activities are required for larger projects to ensure that the project
aims are met. Examples of projects include installing an IT systems, building a bridge or introducing a new
service or product to the market. This includes some activities called, Feasibility analysis, plan and control.

Inventory management
The type of inventory management system employed is determined by the nature of the demand for the
goods and services of the organization. Demand can be classified into two categories dependant and
independent. DEPENDENT DEMAND- A dependant item has a demand which is relatively predictable
because it is dependent on the factors. Thus a dependent demand item can be classified has having a
demand that can be calculated as the quantity of the item needed to produce a scheduled quantity of an
assembly that uses that item. INDEPENDENT DEMAND- This is when the demand is not directly related
to the demand for any other inventory item. Usually this demand comes from customers outside of the
organization and so its not as predictable as dependent demand. Because of the unknown future
requirements of customers, forecasting is used to predict the level of demand. A safety stock of then
calculated to cover expected forecast error. Independent demand items can be finished goods or spare parts
used for after sales service.
05.Explain how the operation management functions support on achieving the
predetermined business objectives.
It provides vivid roles and responsibilities of the organization. Mainly provide all the details regarding the
Business objectives. There are different types of management operation functions available in the
organization. In textile industry, as mentioned it has long process to make it happen.
Involves with the goals of the organization is not an easy task, most of the time managers are setting
different time lines to achieve them therefore, it is easy to achieve. It inspires employees and make them
productive. Managers have the power to organize them. No matter how hard the situation is leaders and
managers should involve with the employees to achieve the targets.
Manager perform all the functions of the management side so, they have more responsibility to take part
with the task, in daily basis. Leaders can motivate and influence them to make it happen.
Supply chain, supply chain distribution, supply chain management is main task to the organization.
Managers settle the situation and guide all the leaders. So, it is easy to achieve and make the process on
time. When they have more works managers are manage the team and keep track on the performance of the
employees and they choose some and guide them under the leaders. If they do something incredible
definitely they have the rewards and it makes them super confidence with the working space.
06. Provide examples on the leaders and managers involvement on operational management
as well as there contribution to achieve business objectives.
There are different types of business objectives. When it comes MAS Holdings Fabrics, there is different
types of unique involvement to the organization. Being a apparel or the textile is little bit different from the
other organizational goals and objectives. But in everywhere Leader & Manager has the same
responsibilities to show inside the organization. Generally Leader is motivating employees to achieve the
organizational common goals. On the other hand it is directing workers or the employees with a strategy to
meet the company's needs.
According to Keith Davis, “Leadership is the ability to persuade others to seek defined objectives
enthusiastically. It is the human factor which binds a group together and motivates it towards goals.”
As mentioned before for the organization there are some basic business objectives,
 Cost
 Time
 Quality
 Flexibility

To achieve them first of all both the leaders and managers should involve with the proper process.
 Leadership and management principles

Different types of leadership.

Motivation theories and techniques.
How to set measurable performance objectives.
Coaching and mentoring skills.
Conflict management theory.
Feedbacks and briefing skills.
How to delegate to and empower people and teams.
Recruitment and skills.
Promoting diversity and Equality.
 Communication skills

Communication theory.
How and when to use a variety of communication techniques.
How to communicate to a variety of audiences.
The relative importance of written verbal and non-verbal communication.
Presentation and report writing skills.
 Personal effectiveness

Time management technique.

Networking skills.
Understanding how you learn best.
How to use the University's on line learning management system.
Assertiveness skills.
Negotiation skills.
Understanding and managing or organizational power and politics.
 Project management

The roles and relationships between project manager, project sponsor and key
Stakeholders.
Key stages of project lifecycle.
Develop a project plan in consultation with relevant people.
Way of identifying and managing potential risk and the importance of contingency planning.
Use a range of basic project management tools and techniques.
 Problem solving/ decision making

Use a range of decision making techniques to ensure effective decisions are made.
Obtain qualitative and quantitative data and information.
Analyse information to support decision making and problem solving.
 Team working

Lifecycle of a team.
The difference between group and a team.
Setting team goals.
Avoiding team conflict.
Creating a self managed team.
Creating a balanced team.
Meeting team needs.
Creating a team vision and a team culture.
When talk about the cost planning inside the organization both the Leader and the manager involve with
that. When it comes to the financial sector, and the Economic Environment

07. Evaluate the successfulness of achieving the business objectives against with leaders
and managers effort.
As a leader or the manger both having different types of goals and objectives to achieve inside the
organization. It's important to show team value of setting goals. When organization have goals, it can
become more efficient, productive and motivated to exceed the organizational expectations. Leader and the
manager involves with different roles and it makes easy to achieve the objectives of the organization. No
matter how hard the situation is they are try their best to achieve them together with all the employees.
To achieve success leadership goals are very important because they help leaders decide what are the
priorities should be. When they create goals with the organizational team in mind, it can work towards
being a more efficient and effective leader.
Goals or the objectives can help meet company expectations and give the skills to help team grow in their
roles. Mangers have leader team and the leaders have all the employees. Leaders are goal oriented tend to
have a better direction for where the team is going and reflect more in their own space with the own
performance.
In this successful journey both the managers and the leaders set both short term and long term goals
separately. It can continue to stay focused in the day to day and any future goals. It is really effective for
the organization because it helps to develop the skills and the can achieve more than the roles.
Leaders are constantly making decisions at work. Find decision making process that helps to make smarter
and quicker decisions. Not only the leader mangers also involve with that. As mentioned before they have
vivid roles and both are making separate decisions.
This way team can get started on the projects sooner, and it can meet more deadlines. Specifically in MAS
Holdings Fabrics have many projects to achieve so, they need quick decisions and right vision so,
employees need to be more productive than the leaders or the managers. Another thing is leaders and
managers give their decisions and inform the employees through the leaders.
Think of new ways the team can get more work done with the time and effort. Work with the leaders and
the managers to develop more efficient systems and processes. Throughout the career as a leader it may
experience changes within the companies you work at. When changes occur , it's important that it can
adapt to them quickly and help the team adjust. Make it a goal to overcome the challenges that come with
change. By using strength and the skills as a leader it helps to feel the team more secure and comfortable at
work.
A decision make may not go as planned. In these situations, its important to accept the consequences and
learn from them. Make it a goal to accept the responsibilities as a leader or the manager and Find solutions
for unexpected challenges in the organization. The organization, business unit, or the department likely has
a mission that guides each employee. To more work towards the organizational Mission, the level of
growth inside the organization, so to this they need to work against the each ones effort. Sometimes it
could be an increase in revenue , new users or some other measure. To do this specially managers need to
accelerate brand awareness in the market place, hit the hiring goals or enter some new methods. The key is
to keep narrowing the focus until zero in on highest level goals that will help to hit organizational growth
target of the organization or the business.
Specially in MAS HOLDINGS, once they have identified these goals, "become the market leader " for
example, break them down into objectives such as "increase revenue by 10% year over year." Sometimes
they have a few objectives per goal, but make sure each objective is clear, attainable and actionable. Once
the organizational high level goals and objectives are locked down at the beginning of the year, they're
typically shared in a meeting or via email . At first, everyone's excited about them but as day-to-day
demands take over they start to fade into background.
Benefits of making goals in more visible in the organization is, employees will remember what the goals
are. Shows that leadership has clear direction. Helps employees understand the importance and impact of
their work.

08.Through the comparison identify how leaders and managers can improve efficiencies of
operational management to be successfully meet objectives.

As mentioned earlier leaders and the managers have different types of Functions inside the organization.
They need to manage them and need to lead all the employees. Timing is the best in the organization. As a
recognized organization MAS Holdings need to have great time management and the it helps them to
improve efficiency in a different way. Not only that motivating employees can improve the productivity
and it's successfully connected with the organization. These objectives are determined with the employees
and they are formulated at both quantitative and qualitative levels. All the objectives must ne challenging
and motivating. So, they are inspiring all the people to achieve. Leaders and the managers giving side
support to the employees to achieve all the objectives successfully on time.
Managers are making the schedule and giving all the feedbacks to the leaders. So, leaders would follow all
the instructions and leading all the employees towards the organizational goals. Not only that to give more
motivation manager or the organization giving rewards to the employees.
For an example- In MAS Holdings Fabrics they choose best employee, best performance of the year and
they are giving gold coin to the employees who worked more than 5years in the organization. This is a
clear admiration to the employees and keep them inside with the organization. Reward is a recognition,
appreciation and performance related payment. It is motivating to achieve the goals. Managers can
organize all the project plans before it taking place.
In every organization there are some objective related steps that they follow. Such as, Set organizational
objectives, Cascade objectives down to employees, Encourage participation on Goal setting, monitor
progress, Evaluate and reward performance and to repeat everything. Both the sides have different types of
responsibilities they make the effort to make it work. Employee motivation gives many advantages to
succeed the objectives.
Not only that being an apparel sector is having supply chain management, supply management , controlling
system, production flow and manufacturing. These systems having different managerial activities and
leadership activities. Managers can understand the team members as Individuals but not better than the
leaders. Mainly they identify aims and vision for the group, purpose and direction. Leaders also mainly
support with these and control and maintain overall performance against plan with the employees.

09.Investigate the external business factors that impact upon operational management and
the decision making process of the management support with examples .
This is totally talks about the PESTLE analysis for the textile industry. On the other hand this is involves
with the whole organization and the external environment of the organization. When consider about the
external environment PESTLE analysis gives main focus on that.
P- POLITICAL
E- ENVIRONMENTAL
S- SOCIAL
T- TECHNOLOGICAL
L- LEGAL
E- ECONOMIC
In Political Environment consists of forces like political stability and peace in the country and the
attitude of the ruling party and its representatives towards the business. These are mainly affect the
functioning of business.
When consider about the political environment, for an example ending the import quotas on textile is
mainly affect with the business. When it happens there should be a proper focus to fix it. There should
be knowledgeable people to manage the situation. If not its hard to control.
In Environmental side, this is totally talks about the environment. The way of maintaining of it eco
friendly environment around the business or the organization. As a highly competitive organization
MAS Holdings is correctly following all the eco friendly activities to manage the activities. Not only that
they have proper way to recycle some fabrics and the materials in the area. So , there is no bad waste
management, no sound pollution, or the environmental pollution.
In Social Environment, implies traditions, literacy rates, educational level, values, customs, lifestyle and
the demographic distribution. Traditions means customs or social practices that have passed on from one
generation to another.
When see the example- most of the time MAS Holdings share the textile ideas and the dressers with
another countries because they use more valuable materials to the dressers and they can't sell them inside
this country. If they sell it their production is not going high, on the other hand those prices are not
affordable for this country people. It is really a disadvantage to the organization. So, they have chosen
some unique dressing patterns and to some countries. Therefore, they are continuing with that.
In Technological factors, this forces related to scientific improvements and innovation for improving
quality of goods and services and new techniques for operating the business, are all part of the
technological environment. MAS Holdings having very smart technology to manufacture latest textile.
No one can cheat on the technology for an example, if something broken inside the organization during
some process they are checking all the systems and make it correct and made the decision. Not only that
during the pandemic they have used latest techniques to clean each employee in the entrance. So, they
are up-to-date with the latest techniques.
In legal environment, it consists of rules and regulations, framed by the parliament, under which
business must operate. To exist and grow, business is required to follow all the rules and regulations that
constitutes this environment.
In Economic Environment, factors like inflation rates, interest rates, consumer's income, economic
policies, market conditions etc. Which affect the performance of a business firm. Interest rates changes
in greatly affect the demand for goods and services. In consumer income increase in the incomes of the
consumers leads to increase in their purchasing power. That is why they are not selling the products to
this country because its not affordable at all.
Reference

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