FEE PROPOSAL

M161 SAN PENG, KUALA LUMPUR

WG210-01F01- PROPOSAL

APRIL 27, 2021

Prepared for:

Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd

Suite C-12-03 Block C Plaza Mont Kiara

2 Jalan Kiara Mont Kiara, 50480 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Attention: Ms Ng Yiing Jiun

WINDTECH Consultants
10 Anson Road, #35-05 International Plaza, Singapore 079903
P +65 6220 3717 E reception@[Link] W [Link]

Singapore | Dubai | Hong Kong | London | Melbourne | Mumbai | New York | Sydney
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.1 Windtech Consultants: The Smart Choice

Windtech Consultants provides world class wind engineering services to architects, façade
designers, structural engineers and developers. Since opening in 1991, the firm continues to
grow considerably with global office locations to provide world class service and support to our
clients in the study of wind and solar effects on buildings and structures. The following are
some of the key factors that make Windtech a global industry leader and standout amongst its
peers:

• Has set the industry benchmark in terms of the project delivery turnaround time for
wind engineering services since 2004 without compromising quality or accuracy.

• Windtech owns and operates 3 advanced wind tunnels to ensure fast and reliable
turnaround times.

• Depth of experience gained from over 2,500 projects worldwide, including complex
building forms and façade systems as well as supertall buildings.

• Senior staff with a combined experience of over 150 years, who have contributed to
the wind impact sections of multiple local development control plans and
international practice guidelines relating to wind engineering, as well as contributing
substantially to national standard for wind actions on structures.

• Windtech is a leader in the area of advanced analysis of wind actions on the façades
and structures. Windtech utilises the most advanced and rigorous analysis technique
available which, on average, result in a 12% saving on overall cost of a major
project. The recently released ASCE Manual of Practice No.143 (2020) acknowledges
our advanced multi-sector analysis technique which Windtech have employed almost
exclusively over the past decade as the most rigorous wind tunnel analysis
technique.

• Access to the most extensive database of surface wind data containing more than
35,000 meteorological stations globally.

• We always act in your best interests and with our staff’s combined 150yrs of
experience we are able to provide architecturally aesthetic and economical solutions
to ensure the comfort and safety of the public.

Please refer to the following pages for details of the proposed fees and timelines.

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
WG210-01F01- Proposal Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
April 27, 2021 Page 2
1.2 Fee Structure

Study Type Cost (MYR)

1 Detailed Wind Climate Analysis Completed

Fabrication of Wind Tunnel Models:

2 Proximity Model 12,000
Study Model (4 Towers) 22,000

Structural Loads & Building Motion Desktop & Wind Tunnel Studies:
Preliminary Desktop Estimates (4 Towers) 36,000
Wind Tunnel Study (4 Towers) 159,000
3
Option A: Testing of Additional (Future) Surrounds Configuration – 6,800 (Per Tower)
Option B: Per Update for Revised Structural Dynamic Properties – 9,10 (Per Tower)
Discount Assuming this Item is Commissioned Concurrently with the Pressure Study -38,000

Facade Cladding Pressure Wind Tunnel Study:

4 Wind Tunnel Study (4 Towers) 120,000
Option C: Testing of Additional (Future) Surrounds Configuration – 6,800 (Per Tower)

Option D: Pedestrian Wind Comfort "Wind Tunnel" Study:

Testing and Report (Ground Level Locations) – 25,600
Results Presentation and/or Treatment Mitigation Remote Conference – 2,900
5
Option: Extend the Above Scope to Include Balconies & Elevated Terraces – 10,600
Option: Testing of Treatments - Per Configuration – 21,300
Option: Thermal Comfort Assessment – 16,000

Total (excluding options): 275,000

Notes:
• No allowance is made for significant changes to the design of the building envelope once work has
commenced on the 3D model of the study building. Where a design change occurs a small additional fee will
be charged to update the model. This cost will depend on the nature of the change and whether wind
tunnel testing has already commenced.
• The price offered does not include any taxes payable outside Singapore. Should the client’s contract stipulate
that local taxes are to be deducted from the fee, then the amount of any tax payable shall be determined
prior to execution of the contract and added to the fee offered here-in.
• Reports will be issued in electronic format only.
• The competitive fees offered above are assuming client acceptance of Windtech’s standard payment terms,
and terms and conditions – client to authorise by signing Windtech’s Client Authority Form.

1.3 Proposed Program

Week
Program
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1 Detailed Wind Climate Analysis Completed

2 Fabrication of Wind Tunnel Models

Structural Loads & Building Motion Desktop & Wind Tunnel Studies
3 • Preliminary Desktop Estimates (4 Towers)

• Wind Tunnel Study (4 Towers)

4 Facade Cladding Pressure Wind Tunnel Study

5 Option: Pedestrian Wind Comfort "Wind Tunnel" Study

Notes:
• The timing outlined is in weeks from the commencement date of the Stage of Work.
• Please confirm the above timing at the time of commencement as the program may extend by up to one
week depending on our workload at the time of commencement.

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
WG210-01F01- Proposal Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
April 27, 2021 Page 3
1.4 Payment Schedule

Payment Schedule % (Total Fee)

Prior to commencement of work 30

Within 14 days from issuance of the 3D model and prior to the release of the Structural
35
Loads & Building Motion "Wind Tunnel" Report
Within 14 days from issuance of the layout of the pressure sensors and prior to the
35
release of the Facade Cladding Pressure "Wind Tunnel" Study Reports

Notes:
• The timing of the work described in Section 1.3 is contingent upon receipt of the specified payments to Windtech
Consultants in accordance with the payment schedule itemised in the above Payment Schedule. Windtech
Consultants shall not be responsible for any delays in the program as a consequence of payments not being
received on time. The payment terms may vary if commissioned by a third party.

1.5 Requirements for Commencement of Work

Work will commence upon receiving the following items:

• A signed copy of the client authority form attached (or a purchase order).

• The final set of architectural drawings of the development (plans, elevations,

sections, and perspective images if available) in DWG and PDF format (or similar).

• Mobilisation Fee as outlined in Section 1.4.

1.6 Closure

Windtech Consultants is a company committed to providing expert and timely service.

Windtech has one of the world’s leading wind engineering laboratories and offers world best
practice. For further information please contact the undersigned or you may visit our website,

Please find attached our standard terms and conditions of engagement and a client authority
form for the proposed scope of work. A copy of our current brochure is also attached. We look
forward to working with you on this project.

Yours sincerely,

Aaron Lefcovitch

Director | Regional Manager, MENA & Asia

Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
WG210-01F01- Proposal Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
April 27, 2021 Page 4
 Attached:

• Relevant Experience

• Detailed Scope

• Resources and Quality Assurance Statement

• Key Personnel

• Client Authority Form

• Terms and Conditions of Engagement

• Windtech Brochure

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
WG210-01F01- Proposal Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
April 27, 2021 Page 5
 2 RELEVANT EXPERIENCE

Windtech Consultants has provided wind engineering services for over 2500 major
projects throughout Australia and Asia.

Sample Projects in Malaysia

Skyline Suites, Jalan Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur (0.6km away from project site)
HSBC HQ Tower, Kuala Lumpur (1km away from project site)
Plot B10.14, TRX, Kuala Lumpur (0.9km away from project site)
Affin Bank Berhad New Corporate HQ @ TRX (1.1km away from project site)
TRX – Retail Plot 1, Kuala Lumpur (1.1km away from project site)
Menara Prudential TRX, Kuala Lumpur (1.1km away from project site)
Multibay, Kuala Lumpur (1.3km away from project site)
Asia Square towers,
Singapore Crowne Hotel, Kuala Lumpur
Royce Residence, Kuala Lumpur
M Vertica, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur
The Shore II, Kuala Lumpur
Hotel Development, Mega Capital, Kuala Lumpur
Conley 8, Kuala Lumpur
Grand-I Residences, Kuala Lumpur
Jalan Pinang (Grand Hyatt), Kuala Lumpur
12 Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur
Wangsa Tegap Services Suites, Kuala Lumpur
Troika – Jalan Binjai, Kuala Lumpur
Tradewinds Menara Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur
Jalan Raja Laut Parcel III, Kuala Lumpur
Lot B KL Sentral, Kuala Lumpur
Lot G KL Sentral, Mall & Office Development, Kuala Lumpur
Lot G KL Sentral, Office & Hotel Development, Kuala Lumpur
Troika Towers,
Kuala Lumpur Felcra Development, Kuala Lumpur
M-City, Kuala Lumpur
Parcel 3, Mid Valley City, Kuala Lumpur
Mercu Mustapha Kamal, Neo Damansara, Kuala Lumpur
KLIA Control Tower, Kuala Lumpur
I-SOHO, Kuala Lumpur
PJ Sentral, Petaling Jaya
Lakeville Residences, Kuala Lumpur
Icon City, Kuala Lumpur
Parcel 3, Kenny Heights, Kuala Lumpur
Plaza Potential Development, Kuala Lumpur
Lot 247, Section 43, Jalan Ampang, Kuala Lumpur
Iskandar Waterfront Plots F1-A to C, G & J, Johor Bahru (13 Towers)
Puteri Harbour, Johor Bahru (Current Project)
Puteri Harbour, Johor Bahru
Indonesia 1, Jakarta, Aquaint Residences, Johor Bahru
Indonesia Bukit Senyum, Johor Bahru (to be tallest building in JB)
© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal
Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
WG210-01F01- Proposal Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
April 27, 2021 Page 6
 Sample Projects Globally

Aspire Tower, Parramatta, Australia

Q1 Tower, Gold Coast, Australia

Soul Apartments, Gold Coast, Australia

ERA, 7 Railway Street, Chatswood, Australia

267 Russell Street, Melbourne, Australia

Sky Suites, Singapore

Altez@Enggor Street, Singapore

The Atmosphere,
Marina South, Singapore (4 Towers)
Kolkata

Marina Bay Financial Centre (MBFC), Singapore (3 Towers)

The Sail @ Marina Bay, Singapore

Shang Salcedo Place, Manila

Trump Tower, Manila

The Gramercy 1, Manila

Stratford Residences, Manila

Discovery Primea, Manila

ICC Twin Towers, Mumbai

Lodha Bellissimo, Mumbai

The Atmosphere, Kolkata

Ayala Triangle
Wave City Centre, Noida
Gardens, Manila,
Philippines
Lodha Venizia, Mumbai

World Financial Centre, Jakarta, Indonesia

World Capital Tower, Jakarta, Indonesia

Telkom Landmark Tower, Jakarta, Indonesia

Menara Astra, Jakarta, Indonesia

Bakrie Tower, Jakarta, Indonesia

Saigon Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Aurora Tower, 420 Queen Street, Brisbane

Saigon M&C Tower, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Landmark Project, Yangon, Myanmar

Shanghai National Security Building, China

Conlay 8, Kuala Jiu Shi Mansion Building, Shanghai, China

Lumpur, Malaysia

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
WG210-01F01- Proposal Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
April 27, 2021 Page 7
 Raffles Square Development, Shanghai, China

Qilu Building, Shanghai, China

Guo An Building, Shanghai, China

Bank of Communication Building, Shanghai, China

Tamar, Hong Kong

Empire Tower, Reem Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE

Plots C2, C3, C10, C10A and C11, Tamouh City of Lights, Abu Dhabi, UAE

Oceanscape, Reem Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE

R1, R2 & R14 Saraya Towers, Abu Dhabi, UAE

Parramatta Square
Capital Plaza, Abu Dhabi, UAE
Development Precinct

The Address at Downtown Dubai (formerly Lake Hotel)

Burjside View, Plot 345-386, and Burjside Boulevard, Plot 345-393, Dubai, UAE

Plots 4, 5 and 6 linked towers, Burj Khalifa Development Precinct, UAE

La Renaissance Towers, Lotus, Dubai Business Bay, UAE

Signature Towers, Business Bay, Dubai, UAE

Park Towers, DIFC Dubai, UAE

Kuwait Investment Authority Headquarters, Sharq, Kuwait

Crystal Tower, Kuwait City, Kuwait

Intercontinental Tower, Kuwait City, Kuwait

W-Hotel, Saraya Tower, Amman, Jordan

St Regis Hotel and Apartments, Amman, Jordan

1865 Broadway Parcels 5.07 & 5.08, KAFD, Riyadh, KSA

New York
Rafal Kempinski Tower, Riyadh, KSA

Burj Rafal Kempinski Hotel and Residences, Jeddah, KSA

Motlak Tower, Jeddah, KSA

Raffles City, Bahrain

Tashyeed Twin-Tower, Bahrain

Al Brooq, Doha, Qatar

Plaza Progreso, Guatemala

BAM South Site, Brooklyn, New York

Z Towers, Latvia
Tiger Way, London.
Fort Cambridge, Malta

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
WG210-01F01- Proposal Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
April 27, 2021 Page 8
3 CASE STUDIES

3.1 KL Sentral, Kuala Lumpur

Windtech Consultants have had the privilege of being a key consultant with
respect to wind engineering services for individual tower projects within KL
Sentral Development.
Windtech Consultants have conducted Structural Loads and Building Motion
Studies using the High Frequency Force Balance Technique. This test enables an
accurate and definitive determination of the wind loads on the structural frame as
well as a set of equivalent-static load cases, which could not have been accurately
obtained through the use of codes and standards. The study also provided an
assessment of occupant comfort due to building motion against 3 different
criteria. No acceleration problem was found, which is largely due to the efficient
design of the structure.
Façade Cladding and Internal Pressure Studies were also undertaken to obtain the
façade cladding pressure. This study included a detailed study of the internal
pressures and their effect on the inter-tenancy and external walls. For the Retail
Mall and Hotel a risk analysis approach was used to determine the worst case
result for net façade, internal wall and floor slab pressures between effectively
sealed and open/breached façade cases. In general, the wind tunnel results
represented pressures which were lower than predicted by the code estimate but
also took into consideration the pressure hot spots. This enabled the façade
engineer to optimise the design of the façade over the entire building envelope.
A Wind Environment Study was also undertaken. The results from the study
indicated that existing conditions for all areas around and within the site satisfied
comfort and safety limit criteria.
For the Lot B Office Tower project, Windtech will be involved in providing an
accurate and definitive assessment of the impact of wind-driven rain on the
various critical covered outdoor areas including the sky concourse. In the event
that rain is penetrating these areas, solutions will be formulated to reduce the
effects of the wind-driven rain to provide a comfortable dry space.

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
WG210-01F01- Proposal Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
April 27, 2021 Page 9
4 SCOPE OF WORK

4.1 Detailed Wind Climate Analysis

We have already carried out a detailed analysis of the wind climate data for the Kuala Lumpur
region. A thorough analysis of the local climatological data has already been undertaken based
on the historical data from the local airport. This provides details on the directionality of the
prevailing regional winds. Reference will also be made to the guidance given in the tender brief
as well as provisions in the local building codes or other standards and references.

4.2 Fabrication of Wind Tunnel Models

This scope involves the following:

• Construction of a 1:400 scale model of the subject development using a computer-

aided manufacturing process. The computer-aided manufacturing process ensures a
highly accurate model is achieved. We will require the latest set of architectural plan
and elevation drawings in electronic DWG format (or similar).

• Construction of a 1:400 scale model of the local surrounding buildings within a 500m
radius from the centre of the subject development site. The surrounds model will also
include all significant topographical effects.

• Photographs of the completed wind tunnel model will be provided by email for
confirmation prior to commencement of testing.

• The cost of storing the model for up to 3 months after completion of the wind tunnel
study is included.

If the development is located in an area where future tall buildings will be built, we have
included optional scope to test the subject development for two surrounding building
configurations. The surrounds cases which would be tested are a) for the existing surrounding
buildings scenario, including buildings currently under construction; b) the form resembling the
proposed future developments. The final wind loads to be used for the design of the
development would be the worst-case of the results from the two scenarios.

4.3 Structural Loads & Building Motion “Desktop & Wind Tunnel” Studies

4.3.1 Desktop Study

This scope of work includes estimates of the wind-induced loads and accelerations based on
provisions in ASCE-7:2016 (American Standard), AS/NZS1170.2:2011 (Australian & New
Zealand Standard), NBCC 2015(Canadian Standard), BS6399:1997 (British Standard),
ISO4354:2009 (International Standard), IS875-3:2015 (Indian Standard) and EN1991-1-
4:2005 (European Union Standard) taking into consideration the local climate as well as wind
tunnel results for similar past projects.

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
WG210-01F01- Proposal Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
April 27, 2021 Page 10
 The desktop study will be based on dynamic properties of the structure provided by the
structural consultant. A review of the dynamic properties will also be included in the
assessment. If the dynamic properties are not finalised prior to commencement, then the
desktop study will be carried out using assumed dynamic properties, based on an inspection of
the architectural drawings. The data we require includes the following:

• The first three natural frequencies for the tower structure.

• The level names and corresponding heights, masses, MMI values and centre of mass
locations (as X and Y coordinates).

• Mode shapes for UX, UY and RZ for each level, for the first three modes.

• A diagram showing clearly the structural axis convention, and the axis origin location
that the centre of mass data is based on.

• This information can be extracted by Windtech from the ETABS model. Alternatively,
we can provide a template outlining the structural properties we require as part of
this study.

The results will be presented in a technical report with a summary of the estimated base
overturning moments in the two orthogonal directions as well as torsion. Floor-by-floor point
loads will also be provided, as well as critical load cases. An analysis of the expected
accelerations experienced by the occupants of the highest floor shall also be provided in the
report.

4.3.2 Wind Tunnel Study

The wind-tunnel part of the study will be undertaken using the High Frequency Pressure
Integration (HFPI) technique for the tower structure. The proposed technique enables an
accurate and definitive determination of the wind loads on the structural frame and equivalent-
static load cases. This technique also makes it easy to accommodate modifications to the
structural system (so long as the overall architectural form remains unchanged), should this
occur. In addition, the building’s motion due to wind is assessed and the results compared to
relevant occupant comfort criteria.

The modal analysis technique will be used to enable an accurate assessment the effect of
coupled mode inertial effects and other complex structural behaviour on the load distribution
across the X, Y and Z axes. If necessary, further analysis will be undertaken to account for the
interaction between the different modes, which is important in cases where the modes have
very close natural frequencies.

If dynamic properties have been updated since the completion of the Desktop study, the
updated properties will need to be provided before commencement of the wind tunnel testing.

This study will involve the following work:

• Set up the purpose-built model and surrounding proximity model (from Item 4.2) in
the wind tunnel.

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
WG210-01F01- Proposal Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
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 • Test the model in properly simulated upstream terrain(s) to determine mean and
standard deviation responses for 36 wind directions (10-degree increments).

• An option is provided for the case where the subject development is located within a
development precinct, testing should be undertaken for two surrounds cases to
obtain the worst-case result of the expected wind-induced loads acting on the
structure. This would involve testing for the following:

o With the effect of the existing surrounding buildings.

o With the effect of the inclusion of proposed future surrounding buildings.

• For each wind direction tested, measurements will be obtained of the mean, standard
deviation and peak base moments and shears about the X, Y and Z axes. This data
will be combined with local wind climate data to arrive at the 1 in 50 year base
moments.

• Determine the accelerations for the highest occupiable level of the building for multiple
return periods. The assessment of occupant comfort based on the measured levels of
tip accelerations (x, y,  and combined) and comparisons with respect to various
occupant comfort criteria (for the annual maximum and 1 in 5-year standard deviation
acceleration). The rotational velocity will also be determined and compared against
appropriate occupant comfort criteria.

• Determine the maximum 10 year return deflection along each axis for the building.
Equivalent static point load distributions, in the form of floor-by-floor loads, will be
derived for a suggested set of load cases.

• Analyse the results of the peak design base moments and torque and derive an
equivalent static mean and peak force distribution along the height of the building for
each axis. The distribution of the equivalent static point loads and shear force over
the height of the tower will be presented. The distribution of the dynamic component
of the base moment will be based on the inertial moment distribution up the tower.

• Provide 32 load case combinations of equivalent static point loads (x, y and )
distributed over the height of the building to be overlayed on the finite element model
of the structural system. Windtech Consultants has developed this set of load cases
to enable the most efficient structure possible by taking advantage of the
directionality of the maximum load effects. The mean distribution will be varied for
each load case.

• Investigate the sensitivity of wind loads to natural frequency as well as sensitivity of

accelerations to structural damping (range of 0.7% to 1.5%), natural frequencies
(range from 0.8n to 1.2n) and mass (0.9G to 1.1G).

• The report will include a comparison against predictions by the following standards and
criteria:

o ASCE-7:2016 (American Standard)

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
WG210-01F01- Proposal Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
April 27, 2021 Page 12
 o AS/NZS1170.2:2011 (Australian & New Zealand Standard)

o NBCC 2015(Canadian Standard)

o BS6399:1997 (British Standard)

o ISO4354:2009 (International Standard)

o IS875-3:2015 (Indian Standard)

o EN1991-1-4:2005 (International Standard)

• If the occupant comfort criteria are exceeded, or excessive cross-wind response occurs
the report will include general design parameters for either or all of the following:

o Modifications to the tower form; or

o Modifications to the dynamic properties of the structure; or

o Rough specifications for an auxiliary damper system

4.4 Facade Cladding Pressure “Wind Tunnel” Study

The results of this scope of work will provide the most accurate possible estimate for the design
wind pressures on the glazing and other light-weight cladding elements on the entire envelope
of the development. Windtech Consultants have a sophisticated pressure measurement system,
which incorporates digital filtering to 500Hz and statistical analysis of the peak pressure signal
using the up-crossing analysis technique.

The study will involve the following work:

• The scale model of the subject development (from Item 4.2) will be instrumented
with the necessary number of pressure sensors to provide an accurate mapping of
the various pressure gradients across the envelope of the entire development. The
proposed layout of pressure sensors over the external façade of the development will
also be provided to the client by email for reference prior to testing.

• The effect of the surroundings beyond the limits of the proximity model will be
appropriately simulated in the wind tunnel by means of spires, trip-boards and
roughness blocks. This will provide accurate modelling of the mean wind speed and
turbulence profiles, as well as well as the longitudinal velocity spectrum.

• Determine mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum wind pressure

coefficients from 36 wind directions (10 degree increments).

• An option is provided for the case where the subject development is located within a
development precinct, testing should be undertaken for two surrounds cases to
obtain the worst case result of the expected wind-induced loads acting on the
structure. This would involve testing for the following:

o With the effect of the existing surrounding buildings.

o With the effect of the existing surrounds, as well as the proposed future
surrounding buildings.

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
WG210-01F01- Proposal Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
April 27, 2021 Page 13
 • The effect of the internal pressures within the development will be accounted for
utilising one of the below scenarios outlined as follows:

o Method 1: Assume a closed and/or equally permeable façade. This assumes

that all windows and doors will remain closed during the design wind event but
allows for fixed small openings such as vents on all aspects of each partitioned
volume.

o Method 2: Allow for the presence of a single large opening i.e window or door
with a 50% probability of being open during the design wind event. For this
approach the design pressure will be the worst-case result between the
probability weighted “Large Opening” case and the “Closed Façade and/or
Equally Permeable” case.

Note that the desired approach to the internal pressurisation assumptions must be
agreed in writing prior to commencement. Should no guidance be provided, Windtech
will proceed with the Method 1 as the default. If a change in method is requested
following approval of the layout of the pressure taps then a variation fee will apply.

• The net pressures acting on any free-standing walls, parapets, blade walls, awnings
and/or canopies will be measured using simultaneous differential pressure
measurements on each side of the surface exposed to the wind.

• Pressure sensors will also be located on the roofs, terraces and soffits to monitor the
positive and/or negative pressures exerted on these areas.

• Prepare a comprehensive report presenting the full results based on the ultimate
loads based on the 50 year return period design wind speed for the region. This
report will include pressure contour zone diagrams showing various zones of the
global maximum and minimum peak net pressures (external pressures combined with
the internal pressures) in the form of coloured elevation drawings of the
development. All pressures will be provided in coefficient form as well as in kPa, in
tabulated format. Plots of the maximum, minimum, mean and standard deviation
external pressure coefficients versus wind direction for each of the pressure sensors
tested will also be provided.

4.5 Option: Pedestrian Wind Comfort “Wind Tunnel” Study

4.5.1 Wind Tunnel Study with In-Principle Recommendations

This scope of work provides an accurate and definitive assessment of wind comfort conditions
prevailing in the critical outdoor areas within or adjacent to the site. Wind velocities are
measured in the wind tunnel for areas to be used by pedestrians/occupants and are related
directly to comfort criteria depending on the intended use, as well as ensure safe wind
conditions are achieved.

Local wind speeds will be measured using hot-wire anemometry, which is the most reliable
method, particularly for highly turbulent flows and provides good accuracy down to 0m/s. Other

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
WG210-01F01- Proposal Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
April 27, 2021 Page 14
 techniques such as the sand scour technique are at best very approximate and can be
potentially misleading.

The scope of work for this study will include the following;

• Setup and test the available model (from Item 4.2) in the wind tunnel to assess the
wind conditions occurring in the areas of concern at street level.

• An option is provided to test critical elevated outdoor areas including trafficable

podium and tower rooftops, outdoor terraces and private balconies.

• A suitable number of study points will be monitored to ensure that the wind all critical
outdoors areas within and around the subject site are assessed. A study point layout
will be issued to the client for comment prior to testing.

• Note that the surroundings beyond the limits of the proximity model will be
appropriately simulated in the wind tunnel by means of spires, trip-boards and
roughness blocks. This will provide accurate modelling of the wind speed and
turbulence intensity profiles of the approaching wind for each wind direction
examined in the study.

• The assessment of the wind effects at each location will be based on results from 16
wind directions.

• If the results indicate that some areas of the development will be exposed to adverse
wind conditions, a mitigation workshop will be held via teleconference undertaken
with the client and/or architect to formulate a set of in-principle ameliorative
treatment solutions. A report will be prepared to present the results and any in-
principle mitigation measures agreed to from the Mitigation Workshop.

4.5.2 Testing of Mitigation Treatments

If it is found from Item 4.5.1 that some outdoor areas are adversely impacted due to the
inclusion of the subject development, testing of treatments is recommended to arrive at an
optimal treatment solution and avoid over-specification of treatments. This is also to confirm
the effectiveness of the agreed treatment strategy.

This scope of work will include the following;

• A treatment strategy will be developed in consultation with the architect/client to

ameliorate the adverse wind effects noted. Testing of the agreed strategy will be
tested in the wind tunnel to ensure its’ effectiveness.

• The item allows for one agreed treatment solution for the various affected areas of
the subject site. Should additional testing for alternative treatment solutions be
required then this item will need to be repeated.

• The results of the study will be presented within the same report as Item 4.5.1.

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
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4.5.3 Thermal Comfort Assessment

This study is to account for the effect of both the wind and thermal conditions on the comfort
conditions of patrons using the outdoor areas. A person’s perception of the ambient
temperature is influenced by the ambient temperature, the relative humidity, local wind speed
and solar radiation. These effects can be combined to determine the Universal Thermal Comfort
Index (UTCI) which has been shown to closely reflect a person’s perception of temperature in
an outdoor environment. The results will be included in the report for Item 4.5.1.

This study will utilise the results of the wind environment wind tunnel study from item 4.5.1,
the shading study (if available) as well as other climate parameters to determine a qualitative
estimate of the expected thermal perception sensation based on the Universal Thermal Comfort
Index (UTCI) for dry-season afternoon and evening plus wet season afternoon and evening.
Results of the study points will also be compared against an outdoor reference location.

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5 RESOURCES

Windtech Consultants has three boundary layer wind tunnel facilities. These included advanced
features such as a blockage tolerance test section (see the diagram below).

Windtech Consultants has invested in a purpose-built data acquisition system, in both hardware
and software, which makes it the most advanced in the world and features automated
advanced signal and data processing and analysis. Other features include automated wind
tunnel fan and turntable controls. These features improve the speed and reliability of the wind
tunnel analysis and together with our quality assurance procedure, eliminate any source of
human error.

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Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
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April 27, 2021 Page 17
6 QUALITY ASSURANCE STATEMENT

Windtech Consultants Pty Ltd is a company committed to providing its clients with the highest
quality service. Our quality assurance system has been in operation since 1995 and is based on
AS/NZS ISO 9001:2008.

Windtech has a policy of continual education and research to ensure that it is constantly at the
forefront of its field of expertise. As a result, Windtech is able to offer world best practice
standards and are at the forefront of this field.

All wind tunnel testing will comply with procedures specified in the following:

• Australasian Wind Engineering Society’s (AWES-QAM-17) Quality Assurance Manual

• AS/NZS1170.[Link] the Australian and New Zealand Standard for Wind Actions on
Structures

• ASCE/SEI 7-16: Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and
Other Structures

• ASCE 49-12: Wind Tunnel Testing for Buildings and Other Structures

• ASCE Manual and Report on Engineering Practice No.67

• AAMA CW-11 – Design Wind Loads for Buildings and Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel
Testing

• BS 6399 Pt2-1995(Annex A): the British Standard

• BS EN 1991-1-[Link] Eurocode for Actions on Structures

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Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
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April 27, 2021 Page 18
7 KEY PERSONNEL

TONY ROFAIL – DIRECTOR, PRINCIPAL

Qualifications and Professional Memberships

• [Link] (University of Sydney), B.E. [Link]. CPEng, NPER

• Fellow, Engineers Australia (FIEAust)
• Registered International Professional Engineer, IntPE(Aus)
• Member, Australasian Wind Engineering Society (MAWES)
Appointments

• A key member of the Standards Australia Committee BD6-002 Wind

Actions on Structures.
• AWES Committee Member for Quality Assurance Manual for Wind Engineering as
well as the Wind Loading Handbook
• CTBUH Committee Member for Wind Engineering and Damper Design as
well as Scientific Expert Peer Review Committee
Experience

Tony has over 33 years’ combined experience as both researcher and consultant in
wind engineering including 30 years with Windtech Consultants, a global consulting
firm specialising in the study of wind effects and sustainable design. Tony is one of
Windtech’s founding directors and has been with the firm since its establishment in
April, 1991. His research includes reliability of wind tunnel studies, interference
excitation of tall buildings, analysis techniques to accurately determine the effect of
coupled modes and rigidly linked sub-structures and well as Wind Noise in Buildings,
Natural Ventilation and review of assessment Criteria for Pedestrian Comfort.

Tony Rofail has undertaken and supervised over 2,500 wind engineering studies
including wind tunnel investigations for numerous high-rise buildings, large roof and
stadium building projects around the world, including many landmark projects.

Tony has also overseen field validation of natural ventilation performance in tall
residential buildings as well as wind environment studies. Tony is also able to
provide unique innovative mitigation solutions to complex wind environment
problems that do not adversely impact the architecture. Tony has pioneered the
study of natural ventilation, wind entry and wind noise in tall buildings. Other areas
of interest include sustainable design, air quality, solar reflectivity, wind loads on
façade elements and their effect on façade cladding pressures, wind loads on
ventilated facades, design and commissioning of dampers for tall buildings and has
presented at many conferences on these topics.

Tony has assisted in legal cases as well as in the development of planning controls
for a number of local government bodies and is a visiting lecturer for the Masters of
Architecture program at the University of NSW.

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Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
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April 27, 2021 Page 19
 AARON LEFCOVITCH –DIRECTOR

Qualifications and Professional Memberships

• B.E. (hons) Aeronautical Engineering (University of Sydney)

• Member, Australasian Wind Engineering Society (AWES)

• Member, Institute of Engineers Singapore (IES)

• Steering Committee Member, Council on tall Buildings and Urban Habitat

(CTBUH)

Experience

Aaron has over 10years’ experience in wind engineering. Aaron spent a number of
years in the Sydney office as a project engineer before being promoted as manager
of the Singapore office in 2010, to provide support to the Asia and MENA regions.

During his tenure he has demonstrated an ability to develop and strengthen the
capabilities of core staff while leading and growing the business globally from a
technical and operational point of view. He has either lead and/or assisted in the
delivery of more than 500 projects across the board spectrum of technical services
that the company provides, including wind induced structural loads studies, façade
cladding pressure studies, pedestrian wind comfort studies and solar glare impact
studies.

Aaron has taken a particular interest in solar glare analysis techniques and has
developed software that can simulate glare impacts of buildings and structures on
pedestrians, drivers and occupants of neighbouring buildings. This software has the
capability to quickly and accurately assess glare impact from complex building
forms as well as assist in formulating mitigation strategies for potential glare
impacts during the early design stage.

In addition to being involved on projects from a technical perspective, Aaron has

had extensive experience in providing support to Windtech’s clients across Asia and
the MENA regions.

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

Singapore Office M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
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April 27, 2021 Page 20
 ADAM BROWNETT –DIRECTOR

Qualifications and Professional Memberships

• B.E. Aeronautical Engineering (Hons) (University of Sydney)

• Member, Engineers Australia (MIEAust)

• Member, Australasian Wind Engineering Society (AWES)

Experience

Adam is a Director of Windtech Consultants and is responsible for Quality Control

and on time delivery of projects. He graduated in Aeronautical Engineering from the
University of Sydney (Hons) and has over 14 years of consulting and wind tunnel
testing experience.

Adam has extensive experience in wind tunnel testing for high-rise towers to
determine the wind-induced structural loads and building motion effects. The
analysis includes accounting for the effect of wind-load transfer associated with
complex and linked-building structures, including multi-core developments.
Furthermore, Adam has undertaken numerous wind tunnel studies to determine the
design loads for the façade cladding of large building projects, as well as
determining the level of pedestrian amenity due to wind affects in critical outdoor
areas.

In addition to high-rise towers, Adam has also worked on determining the wind-
induced loads on long-span roof structures such as stadiums, aircraft hangars,
warehouses, and concert halls. This includes the complex load transfer interaction
of the roof structure to further optimise the design of the project, and fatigue life
analysis of critical elements under cyclical wind loading stress.

In addition, Adam is actively involved with the design of Tuned Liquid Damper
systems to mitigate excessive wind-induced building motion in high-rise towers.
This includes the development of complex damper systems where space constraints
are limited within the structure. He is also involved with the detailed design and
testing of large scale models of damper systems used to verify and optimise the
damper performance prior to detailed design and installation within the project.

Adam has also carried out numerous solar studies of proposed and existing
developments to assess the amount of potential visible glare from the façade. This
also includes determining the amount of solar access and natural daylighting
available within a building for commercial areas and dwellings overshadowed by
surrounding built forms.

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April 27, 2021 Page 21
 DR NICHOLAS TRUONG – DIRECTOR

Qualifications and Professional Memberships

• PhD(Oxford), B.E.(Univ of Qld)

• Corporate Member, Engineers Australia (MIEAust)
• Member, Australasian Wind Engineering Society (AWES)
Appointments

• Standards Australia Committee BD6-002 Wind Actions on Structures.

• AWES Committee for the Wind Loading Handbook
Experience

Dr Nicholas Truong is a professional engineer with over 15 years of consulting,

research and development experience in the field of fluid dynamics and wind
engineering. Nicholas’ is responsible for Windtech’s ongoing innovation, research
and development program to maintain Windtech’s position as a global leader in the
field of wind engineering. His particular interest and experience is in the use of wind
tunnel testing and computational fluid dynamics to study and design the response
of unusual structures under wind loading, as well as in the field of air and liquid
fluid-structure interaction mechanics.

Nicholas has undertaken and supervised wind engineering studies including wind
tunnel investigations for various high-rise buildings, long-span roof structures,
stadiums, airports, statues and masts around the world. These include numerous
landmark developments. Nicholas is also a leader in the testing and analysis of
wind loading and aerodynamic stability of bridges, including cable-stayed, arched,
pedestrian and suspension bridge designs. This includes the initial design analysis
during the concept design phase to assess aerodynamic stability. He also oversees
the development and testing of static and aero-elastic bridge testing to determine
the aerodynamic performance of the bridge.

Wind climate analysis is a critical aspect in the accurate analysis of wind loading on
any structure. Nicholas also leads the climate analysis group at Windtech, who
provide detailed analyses of wind speed and directional probabilities as well as
seasonal variations in the case of thermal comfort studies. His analysis includes
both micro and macro climate analysis.

Prior to joining Windtech, Dr Nicholas Truong was a research fellow and part-time
lecturer at the University of New South Wales studying fluid-structure interactions
and from time to time supervise research students in the area of fluid mechanics.
His research focused on the: experimental testing of gas and liquid flows, design of
experimental and testing equipment and numerical analysis of large data sets.

© Windtech Consultants Pte Ltd Fee Proposal

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April 27, 2021 Page 22
 WINDTECH CONSULTANTS PTE LTD
ACRA 200708570R

Singapore Branch Office

#35-05 International Plaza
10 Anson Road
SINGAPORE 079903
T: +65 6220 3717

CLIENT AUTHORITY
Date: April 26, 2021
Job Number: WG210-01
Job Title: M161 San Peng, Kuala Lumpur
Job Scope: -Structural Loads & Building Motion ”Desktop” Study
-Structural Loads & Building Motion “Wind Tunnel” Study
-Façade Cladding Pressure “Wind Tunnel” Study
(excluding the optional items)
Agreed Fee: MYR 275,000
Our Contact Aaron Lefcovitch
Our Reference: WG210-01F01- Proposal
Invoice Address: Architechs 61 Sdn Bhd
Suite C-12-03 Block C Plaza Mont Kiara
2 Jalan Kiara Mont Kiara, 50480 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Attention: Ms Ng Yiing Jiun
Phone: +603 6203 1820 Fax:
Mobile: Email: jiun@[Link]

Your Reference: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

ACCTS Contact:* ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Phone: …………………………………………………… Fax: ……………………………………………………
Mobile: …………………………………………………… Email: ……………………………………………………
* The Name and Contact Details of your Accounts or Admin Contact responsible for payment of the invoice.

CONTRACTUAL UNDERTAKING AND AGREEMENT

I confirm the commission to the consultant, WINDTECH CONSULTANTS PTE LTD, in relation to the project
referenced above, and accept responsibility of the payment of fees generated by this commission, payable
to the consultant in accordance with the terms and agreement, and scope of work, as described in the
document referenced above (“Our Reference”).

Signed: ……………………………………………………………………. Date: …………………………………….

Print Name: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Designation: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Company Name: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Address: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Phone: …………………………………………………… Fax: ……………………………………………………
Mobile: …………………………………………………… Email: ……………………………………………………
STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF ENGAGEMENT

The Client and Consultant Agree to the following terms and conditions in relation to the Project:
1. “The Consultant’ is WINDTECH Consultants Pte Ltd.
2. “The Client” is the person or corporate entity responsible for commissioning the Consultant in respect of the Services
or for commissioning the Consultant on behalf of any other party in respect of the Services.
“The Project” is the project referenced in the Client Authority annexed hereto.
“The Agreement” comprises only this “Terms and Conditions of Engagement”, the Scope of Work and Fees (including
any other document referenced there-in) and the “Client Authority” annexed hereto.
“The Scope of Work and Fees” is the document referred to as “Our Reference” in the document marked “Client
Authority” annexed hereto.
“The Services” to be performed by the Consultant are those contained in the Scope of Work and Fees and/or as
otherwise indicated in the Client Authority.
“The Fee” is the fee referenced in the Scope of Work and Fees and/or as otherwise indicated in the Client Authority.
3. In consideration of the Consultant performing the Services, the Client agrees to pay the Fee to the Consultant. In
consideration of the Client paying the Fee, the Consultant agrees to perform the Services as soon as practicable after
receipt of an official order from the Client or upon receipt of the attached Client Authority Form completed and signed.
4. In providing the Services, the Consultant shall exercise the degree of skill, care and diligence normally exercised by
Consultants in similar circumstances,
5. Where a fixed price is quoted, this will remain fixed for a period of 90 days. Where a price is quoted at hourly rates
plus disbursement charge, the rates may be reviewed and varied without notice at any time.
6. The Consultant shall be entitled to render invoices at the times specified in the Scope of Work and Fees, or at any
time reasonably determined by the Consultant or at the completion of the Services.
i) Where a prepayment is not specified in the Scope of Work and Fees, then invoices shall be paid by the Client
within 30 days of the date shown on the invoice.
ii) Where a prepayment is specified in the Scope of Work and Fees, this prepayment shall be paid by the Client
prior to commencement of the Services.
iii) Where a progress payment is specified in the Scope of Work and Fees to be paid at a specified time or on
the occurrence of a specified event and a progress invoice is accordingly rendered by the Consultant, the
amount claimed shall be paid by the Client within 14 days of the date shown on the invoice. In the event that
payment for any invoice is not made within the time specified, the Consultant shall cease work until the
outstanding amount is paid in full and the Client shall have no action against the Consultant for any delays
caused by the Client’s failure to pay any outstanding invoice on time and the client shall not commence any
action or claim against the Consultant in respect thereof.
7. The Consultant shall be entitled to interest at the rate of 2% per month of all fees due and not paid within the time
specified in Clause 6 without relieving the Client of his obligation to pay the account.
8. Unless the Client submits to the contrary in writing within 14 days of the date shown on any invoice rendered by the
Consultant, the Client acknowledges that the invoice is a fair and reasonable claim.
9. The Client agrees to pay all costs (including legal and other debt collection costs on an indemnity basis) related to the
recovery by the Consultant from the Client of any monies due by the Client to the Consultant under or in connection
with this Agreement.
10. Where the Services includes a requirement for the Consultant to carry out ongoing work or works either on a time
based rate of charge or at an agreed rate for rendering a service or services (the "Ongoing Work") and the Client has
approved the Scope of Work and Fees in writing prior to commencement of the first occurrence of the Ongoing Work
then the Consultant may proceed to carry out the Ongoing Work as it deems necessary on the Client's verbal or
written instructions and the Client agrees to pay the Consultant for the Ongoing Work at the agreed rate.
11. The Consultant shall be liable for all taxes payable within Singapore and the Client shall be liable for all taxes payable
to governments outside of Singapore.
12. The Client shall provide to the Consultant all the required information such as drawings, plans, maps necessary for
completion of the Services.
13. The following exclusions apply to the Services (unless expressly provided for):
i) attendance at meetings.
ii) any work arising after issue of the final report.
iii) detailed design advice other than that specified in the Scope of Work outlined above.
14. The Consultant’s deliverables will only be faxed, posted or e-mailed to the Client. Where courier delivery is requested,
this additional cost shall be payable by the Client.
15. Copyright in all reports, specifications, drawings, calculations and other documents prepared by the Consultant in
connection with the Project shall remain the property of the Consultant unless otherwise agreed to in writing. The
Client shall have a licence to use the documents for the purpose of completing the Project, but the Client shall not use,
or make copies of, such documents in connection with any other project.

© WINDTECH Consultants Pte Ltd REFERENCE: WQFJP-12A (REV 23) SG TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF ENGAGEMENT
16. The Consultant has professional indemnity insurance, public liability insurance and workers compensation cover
meeting statutory requirements. A copy of the insurance certificates may be obtained by contacting our office.
17. The Consultant shall not be liable to the Client under this Agreement, law of tort (including negligence), statute, in
equity or otherwise for any kind of indirect or consequential loss or damage arising out of or in connection with this
Agreement.
18. Where the Services:
i) involve the design or specification or provision of advice in relation to constructions or building works; and,
ii) the works are constructed not in accordance with the Consultant’s approved plans, specifications, designs or
directions;
then the Consultant shall be discharged of all liability arising out of or in connection with the Services or such works,
whether under the law of contract, tort (including negligence), under statute or otherwise on any basis or bases (without
limitation), and the Client shall not commence any action or claim against the Consultant in respect thereof.
19. Design Outcome Risk: Where the Services involve design works in respect of constructions or building works
and whereas the Consultant shall exercise the degree of skill, care and diligence normally exercised by Consultants
in similar circumstances:
i) in the event that the constructions or building works do not comply with the design specifications, the
Consultant may as it sees fit or as directed by the Client in writing, provide further design works. Unless otherwise
agreed to in writing by both parties, the cost of the provision of the further design works shall be paid by the Client
at the rates indicated in the Consultant’s Schedule of Hourly Rates & Disbursements;
ii) the Client shall have no claim against the Consultant for any costs, losses, expenses, damages or delays in the
constructions or building works caused by or in connection with the requirement or need to undertake further
design works arising from any act or omission of the Client or a third party.
20. Any dispute between the Client and the Consultant shall in the first instance be referred to mediation in accordance
with the Rules of the Singapore International Arbitration Centre provided that this provision shall not prevent the
Consultant from instituting legal action at any time to recover monies owing by the Client to the Consultant.
21. The Client shall not set off or deduct from any moneys payable by the Client to the Consultant any amount that is due
and payable by the Consultant to the Client. Under this clause, the term “amount” includes debts, fees, costs,
indemnities, charges, duties, penalties, taxes, expenses and liquidated or unliquidated damages.
22. The Client may terminate this Agreement:
i) in the event of substantial breach by the Consultant of his obligations hereunder, which breach has not been
remedied within 30 days of written notice from the Client requiring the breach to be remedied, or
ii) for any or no reason upon giving the Consultant 30 days written notice of his intention to do so.
23. The Consultant may terminate this Agreement:
i) in the event of monies payable to the Consultant being outstanding for more than 30 days from the date of
invoice or as otherwise specified by the Consultant; or
ii) in the event of substantial breach by the Client of his obligations hereunder, which breach has not been remedied
within 30 days of written notice from the Consultant requiring the breach to be remedied, or
iii) for any or no reason upon giving the Client 30 days written notice of his intention to do so.
24. In the event of termination by either party pursuant to clauses 22 and 23, the Consultant shall be entitled to be paid
for that part of the Services rendered up to the time of termination and if the termination is under clause 22ii) shall be
entitled to an additional payment representing its reasonable profit lost in not completing the Services.
25. The Consultant may suspend provision of the Services upon any payment being due and unpaid by the Client until
such payment is made or the Agreement is terminated.
26. Neither party may assign, transfer or sublet any obligation under this Agreement without the written consent of the
other. Unless stated in writing to the contrary, no assignment, transfer of subletting shall release the assignor from
any obligation under this Agreement.

© WINDTECH Consultants Pte Ltd REFERENCE: WQFJP-12A (REV 23) SG TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF ENGAGEMENT
Advanced
and robust
analysis of
wind effects
Introduction

Windtech Consultants is an industry Windtech offers the most

rigorous method of combining
leading, global consultancy firm wind tunnel results with local
specialising in providing wind wind climate data. This method
has been independently
engineering services to owners, confirmed to be the most
developers, architects, structural and accurate and robust
method possible.
façade engineers around the world.
Since 1991 we have provided
wind engineering services
for over 2,500 major building
projects in over 35 countries
around the world. This
demonstrates Windtech’s depth

2 |
 Some numbers:

2500+ projects
assisted by Windtech
since 1991

5 percent of
resources devoted to
ongoing research
and development

35 countries
Windtech has
provided wind
engineering services
in all major regions

3 wind tunnels,
purpose built at
Windtech’s facility
utilising the
most advanced
and breadth of experience in highly skilled engineers with
instrumentation
the multi-faceted fields of extensive research experience
wind engineering. and its ongoing research and

Windtech’s directors are

development activities. Since
1991, Windtech’s research
150+ years of
actively involved on standards
has focussed on the needs of
combined experience
committees, technical review
our clients and has served to in both research and
committees and have been
instrumental in contributing to
enhance our comprehensive practical application
quality control procedures.
the development of standards amongst the current
and guidelines for the wind Let us demonstrate our key wind engineering
engineering profession. unrivalled expertise, techniques
staff at Windtech
and innovative approach
Windtech is at the forefront
in providing the most cost-
of wind engineering through
effective and elegant solutions
the engagement of the most
possible for your project.

| 3
 Tall Buildings
Marina 106, Dubai

Windtech has been instrumental This has enabled Windtech to

accurately determine the wind-
in the advancement of analysis induced dynamic response for
techniques used to determine tall building projects of any
level of complexity in both
the wind-induced response of tall form and dynamic behaviour.
building structures exhibiting An example is the 340m high
Conlay8 Towers in Kuala
complex behaviour. Lumpur which incorporates
slender interlinked sloping
tower substructures.

In addition, our pressure

measurement system is
developed in-house, to much
higher specifications than off-
the-shelf systems used by other

4 |
Greenland Centre, Sydney Monitoring GAMA Tower, Jakarta

Fine tuning and commissioning of a damper

wind engineering consultants. of wind noise generated by Windtech specialises in the

This enables increased clarity in building façades. design and commissioning of
the pressure signal for critical dampers for tall buildings and
When it comes to formulating
parts of the building surface. has recently developed an
wind mitigation measures
innovative, efficient form of
Windtech is a world leader in for pedestrian comfort, we
liquid damper.
the modelling of stack effects are unique in our ability
for proposed and existing tall to demonstrate an innate Windtech also provides long
buildings located in extreme understanding of wind flows term remote monitoring
climates, where temperature around various building forms systems for the natural
differences between the as well as an understanding of frequencies, damping and mode
exterior and interior can sustainable design principles. shapes of tall buildings. This
result in excessive internal These are combined with assists in maintaining correct
air flows. Windtech has also innovative thinking to arrive tuning of dampers and for
developed world’s best practice at solutions that complement structural health monitoring.
techniques for the assessment the architecture.

| 5
 Stadium and long-span roofs
Motera Cricket Stadium, Ahmedabad

Windtech offers the most advanced • Directional peak responses

for key load effects such
analysis techniques to determine as mid-span deflections,
not only the cladding pressures and stresses, axial loads and
reactions (Load Response
equivalent static wind load distribution Correlation method) coupled
for the dynamic wind actions on with accurate critical load
cases that correspond with
stadium, arena and long-span roof the peak load effects.
structures, but also offers detailed • Fatigue life analysis for
analysis of the following: critical connections between
main structural members.

6 |
Girenspor Stadium

Philippine Arena

• The effect of the proposed • A range of environmental Utilising these state-

cladding material and studies for pedestrians and
of-the-art analysis
shading on the thermal spectators. These include the
comfort within the spectator assessment of spectator wind techniques, Windtech
areas through the use of comfort, adequacy of the air is able to ensure
advanced hybrid wind tunnel ventilation required a positive overall
and computational fluid for the health of natural turf
dynamics modelling. used for the arena as well
experience for both
• The potential impact of glare
as protection from wind spectators and
from the cladding on motor
driven rain. participants as well
vehicle drivers in surrounding as help in delivering
streets as well as studying
the most robust
the effect of shadows cast
by roof trusses on the arena and cost effective
or courts. design solution.

| 7
 Masterplan and
Sustainability Studies
ISOHO Kuala Lumpur render

Windtech has provided input to Windtech provides advice with

regards to the optimal building
major development masterplans massing for masterplans.
for both developers and local Design guidance includes wind
government authorities, in environment effects, outdoor
air ventilation, air quality for
capital cities around the world.
sites located adjacent to
pollution sources, solar access
and shadows. Windtech has
provided advice on
wind-driven rain as well as
outdoor thermal comfort.

8 |
Green Square Retail District, Sydney

Parramatta Square, Sydney

Windtech is a leader in the Windtech is unique in its

modelling and design of natural ability to integrate its in-
ventilation in buildings, from depth understanding of
high-rise buildings to single sustainable design into its
dwellings. Windtech undertakes recommendations for wind
modelling of annual heating mitigation, resulting in an
and cooling loads for residential overall enhancement of the
developments and assists in quality of the building and
achieving a high standard of the quality of experience of
thermal performance as well as the occupant. This has led to Parramatta Square, Sydney

advising on the provision of the Windtech being associated

required standards of daylight with numerous award
and solar access through winning buildings.
good design.

| 9
 Hospitals and other
special projects
Queensland Children’s Hospital

Windtech has extensive experience This includes prop-wash

from helipads; impact of gas
and understanding of the special emissions on air quality; wind
modelling requirements for entry; wind noise and wind
loads for the design of the
hospital buildings. facade cladding.

Windtech has been involved

with many unusual and
challenging special projects
around the world. These include:
• single dwellings significantly
exposed to wind due to
topographic effects.
• a 107m (350ft) high statue in
central India on top of a hill.

10 |
Shiva Statue, Central India

Wind noise tests

• precise deflections of 25m • Wind drag and wind-noise

diameter revolving concentric from motor bike helmets.
rings used for the Asian
• Performance testing of
Games in Doha, with a
fume jets.
2 inch clearance.
Windtech staff have an
• Discharge co-efficient and
understanding of the critical
effective area ratio of louvred
modelling parameters that
and other porous panels.
need to be matched for these
• Wind-driven rain penetration unique projects to provide
testing of façade, window accurate predictions as well
and vent samples. as practical solutions.
• Wind drag on external and
semi-outdoor artwork.

| 11
Retail and Leisure buildings

Chermside, Brisbane Shopping Centre – Thermal study

Windtech understands the special Studies normally undertaken

include:
demands and expectations of
• Wind entry and wind comfort
high-end retail tenants and for patrons.
patrons and through its extensive • Detailed modelling of thermal
experience in this field, is able comfort – especially for
semi-outdoor areas.
to assist clients in meeting the
• Wind-driven rain.
necessary stringent comfort criteria.
• Daylight study, solar access
and shadow studies.
• Modelling and mitigation
of air conditioning and
kitchen exhausts.
• Air-quality study for car parks.

12 |
 Conrad Hotel
Resorts World, Las Vegas

Westfield Sydney CBD

Windtech has worked on in both wind engineering and when modelling air quality in
numerous retail projects around fluid dynamics to properly shopping centre car parks,
the world. These include: predict the likely conditions as whether they are naturally
well as formulate appropriate ventilated or utilise mixed
• Modelling for new
recommendations. In these mode ventilation.
shopping malls.
cases Windtech has developed
• Upgrades and expansions for an advanced hybrid wind
existing large shopping malls. tunnel and Computation
• Remedial studies for Fluid Dynamics approach,
existing shopping malls or which provides optimum
shopping strips. accuracy, enabling a greater
level of certainty of outcome
The modelling of thermal for Windtech’s clients. This
comfort in semi-outdoor areas modelling approach also
requires specialist expertise provides optimum accuracy

| 13
 Airports and Transport
Riyadh Metro Stations

Windtech has Our studies for airport

buildings include:
worked on
• Studies of wake interference
numerous key effects on landing aircraft.
transport nodes • Glare impact from façade and
around the world roof cladding or from solar
panels on visibility of pilots
such as airport and motor vehicle drivers. T3 Soekarno Hatta International Airport, Jakarta

terminals and • Wind entry and design

metro stations. loads for the façade and
roof cladding.
• Wind loads on key structural
members for large roof spans.
• Piston effect of high-speed
trains.
14 | Jewel Changi Airport, Singapore
 Bridges
Pedestrian Suspension Bridge, Riyadh

Windtech has an This study is essential to

identify inherent aerodynamic
advanced test rig instabilities on the bridge deck
which enables a profile. Our advanced rig design
enables a fast and cost effective
quick and efficient service to our clients.
replication of
Windtech staff and their
the dynamic affiliates also have experience
properties of in undertaking full aeroelastic
modelling of lightweight,
a bridge deck long-span bridges where a full
section. bridge model is required due
to an unusual form or local
topographic effects.

| 15
 Hong Kong

Sydney | Melbourne | Singapore | New York | London | Mumbai | Abu Dhabi | Hong Kong
High Performance
Computational Fluid Dynamics
for Environmental Applications
 Introduction
Windtech utilises the power of
super computers, which can
distribute computations across
more than 3,000 CPU cores to
ensure competitive lead times.

Figure 1 illustrates the

computational fluid dynamics
(CFD) analysis of the 104-
114 Scarborough Street
development in Southport,
Australia. The development was
also tested within Windtech’s
Fig.1 – Outdoor Pedestrian Wind Ground Level Streamlines to aid Design Concepts.
boundary layer wind tunnel
facility to accurately determine
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is pedestrian level wind comfort
an extremely powerful tool in aiding the taking into consideration the
impact that the proposed
design of new and existing developments development will have on the
with environmental considerations in mind. surrounding streetscape and
nearby developments.

Over the years Windtech Having conducted physical The CFD analysis was
Consultants have acquired modelling in its state-of- undertaken as an in-house
significant experience in the-art wind tunnel facility validation of our computational
effectively harnessing the on more than 2,500 major models, and to determine the
power of CFD to model and building projects globally since accuracy of the computational
test innovative and 1991, Windtech Consultants domain. The development was
cost-effective solutions that recognises both the strengths modelled utilising 3D CAD
do not detract from the initial and the limitations of CFD, software and analysed for the
design intent. Windtech CFD and when required Windtech 3 prevailing wind directions.
Carbon mon-oxide Concentration (PPM)
capabilities extend across a is able to supplement the CFD The results were analysed in
vast array of environmental modelling with physical testing accordance with the Lawson
studies that can be applied to enhance accuracy. Given the
Carbon mon-oxide Concentration (PPM)
comfort criteria, in order to
during initial concept right up significant demands of large assess pedestrian level wind
to detailed design stages. transient CFD simulations, climate within and around the
site. The computational model
showed close agreement
with the physical wind tunnel
test results, hence validating
our computational models
and approach for numerical
the ground

analyses of pedestrian wind

environment conditions.
ground
above

Fig.2 – CO concentration contours with optimised mixed mode ventilation for a

Shopping Centre Carpark.
2.40 mthe
L0

2 | Velocity Distribution (m/s)

=above
Windtech Consultants utilises • Wind Driven Rain/Snow/ Throughout the
the latest in CFD technology Sand
to provide our clients with the
design process of a
• Wind-Driven Water Spray
most cost and time-effective
(Fountains/Water Features)
development, small
CFD solutions for a wide variety design changes are
of studies. These analyses • Complete HVAC Assessment
include: & Design generally inevitable
• Pedestrian Wind Environment • Car Park Ventilation as the built form is
• Outdoor/Indoor Thermal
Assessment iterated constantly
Comfort • Thermal Stack/Reverse in order to attain
Thermal Stack Assessment
• Pollution Dispersion Studies the best design
• Solar Thermal Reflectivity
• Air Quality Studies solution.
Assessment
• Wind Entry and Natural
Ventilation Assessment

Masterplan Pedestrian Wind Comfort

A masterplan computational Sydney region. Conducting a In gauging how design
fluid dynamics (CFD) masterplan CFD study allowed changes may affect the various
assessment was undertaken for a preliminary insight into performance parameters of
for a 4.6km2 segment of existing and cumulative wind a development, CFD poses
Sydney CBD, as illustrated in conditions within the CBD a viable solution to test a
Figure 3 below. In this study, area, and in particular, in development’s performance
the pedestrian level wind the areas close to proposed throughout the iterative
conditions were simulated for developments. design process, providing
the prevailing winds for the cost-effective guidance with
extremely quick turn-around
times. CFD can even be used
as a preliminary assessment
tool for cases involving
outdoor highly turbulent
urban environments, until the
design is frozen at which time
physical modelling in the form
of wind tunnel testing may
be appropriate to confirm
preliminary findings.

Fig.3 – Masterplan CFD has been used

for preliminary assessment of Outdoor
Pedestrian Wind Comfort (Pedestrian
Level Wind Speed Contours)

| 3
Environmental
Wind Effects
Figures 4 - 5 illustrate an
outdoor wind environment
balcony assessment as
undertaken for the Royal Oak
Tube station development in
London. A Computational fluid
dynamics (CFD) approach
was undertaken in order to
assess the pedestrian wind Fig.4 – Outdoor Wind Environment Balcony analysis with 1.5m wind speed
comfort conditions within the contours on proposed development.

developments outdoor regions

and balcony levels.

The results of the study

accurately modelled the
pedestrian wind comfort of
the outdoor regions of the
precinct, illustrating the areas
where mitigation measures
were necessary. Utilising this
modelling facility in the early
design stage allowed the
definition of the balustrade
heights on each aspect of the Fig.5 – Outdoor Wind Environment Balcony analysis with 1.5m wind speed contours
massing and the choice of on proposed development.

permeable or porous screens

on other aspects of the
The numerical modelling of the undertaken to determine the
development.
development was undertaken in thermal stack effects and
three distinct parts as follows: smoke dispersion within the
Level 1 region.
Thermal 1. Wind Tunnel Testing – where
The CFD analysis for thermal
applicable mean façade wind
Stack Effect pressures were attained stack effect and smoke
for critical locations on the dispersion was undertaken for
A thermal stack development. both the Summer and Winter
periods. The results of the
effect and smoke 2. The mean façade wind analysis showed hotspots of
dispersion analysis pressures from Windtech’s high velocity in the transitional
wind tunnel study were
was undertaken for inputted into a numerical
areas between the main casino
floor and the hotel entrances,
the Resorts World model to determine the flow
largely accountable to the
development in Las rates at key areas of the
exfiltration of wind flow through
Level 1 region to be analysed.
Vegas, as shown the main entrances of the
3. Computational fluid dynamics casino. However, the exfiltration
in Figures 6 – 8 on (CFD) software – the flow of the air flow within the casino
the right. rates from the numerical space also benefited the region
model were utilised as as it actively removed smoke
boundary conditions for the pollution from occupants.
CFD analysis, which was then

4 |
Fig.6 – 3D CFD Indoor CAD Model
with Wind Entry and Doors Boundary
conditions Coloured

Fig.7 – Indoor Flows of Cigarette

Smoke Generated from the Smoking
Area in a Casino. The influence of the
stack effect, external pressures at
openings, heat loads within the building
and mechanical system as well as the
thermal properties of the external and
internal building fabric.

Fig.8 – Indoor Environment Occupied

Level Air Velocity Distribution from
HVAC System

| 5
Outdoor Thermal Comfort

Fig.9 – 3D CFD Outdoor Wind CAD Model with Glazing Fig.10 – Outdoor Pedestrian Wind speed contour at Ground
Conditions highlighted Level surrounding proposed development

Fig.11 – Outdoor Wind Environment Ground Level Solar Fig.12 – Outdoor Wind Environment CFD ground level contour
Irradiance Contour on proposed development of PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) accounting for Solar load and
Glazing/material properties on proposed development.

Figures 9 - 12 illustrate layer wind tunnel facilities This was undertaken for various
outputs for an outdoor in order to determine the scenarios including; summer
thermal comfort assessment approaching flow conditions day, summer night, shoulder
undertaken for the Jeddah to the site. This data was season day and shoulder
Kings Walk development in then utilised as boundary season night.
Saudi Arabia. A hybrid wind conditions, as well as to validate
The results of the study
tunnel and computational fluid the CFD model, in order to
accurately modelled the
dynamics (CFD) approach confirm the accuracy of the
thermal comfort of the outdoor
was undertaken in order to computational domain. The
regions of the precinct,
assess the outdoor conditions computational model was then
illustrating the thermal comfort
within the shopping centre run incorporating buoyancy
of the occupants with respect
redevelopment region. effects, thermal models, glazing
to Mean Radiant Temperature
properties as well as humidity
Initially, a wind tunnel model (MRT), Standard Effective
and solar properties in order to
was fabricated and tested Temperature (SET), Predicted
assess the occupant thermal
within Windtech’s boundary Mean Vote (PMV), Predicted
comfort within the precinct.
Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD).

6 |
Indoor Fig.13 – illustrates
the thermal comfort

Thermal
analysis for the Westfield
Chermside Shopping Centre
development in Brisbane
Comfort Australia. The aim of the
analysis was to determine
the thermal comfort
conditions

Figure 13 illustrates the

thermal comfort analysis
for the Westfield Chermside
in order to determine the speeds and thermal conditions
Shopping Centre development
incoming velocity profile to throughout the development
in Brisbane Australia. The
the site and prevailing wind were heavily impacted by
aim of the analysis was to
conditions. The data was then multiple factors, which included;
determine the thermal comfort
utilised as boundary conditions spill air from the shop fronts,
conditions within the proposed
for the CFD model, in order shading from the various
redevelopment site, as well
to simulate the air flow within roof/canopy sections of the
as gauge the effect of the
the redeveloped shopping development, ventilation fans as
redevelopment with respect
centre precinct. The study well as solar re-radiation from
to thermal conditions on the
was undertaken for a series various building components.
existing centre.
of extreme thermal and wind As a result, problematic
A hybrid wind tunnel and conditions expected during hotspot regions were able to
computational fluid dynamics a typical Summer’s day, in be identified and mitigation
(CFD) approach was conjunction with spill air and measures for uncomfortable
undertaken to examine the ventilation fans throughout the sections of the development
wind induced flow of outside development. were recommended.
air through the precinct. The
The results of the hybrid
wind tunnel model was tested
analysis showed that the wind

Wind Driven
Rain
Figure 14 illustrates a
wind-driven rain analysis as
undertaken for the 60 Martin
Fig.14 – Outdoor Wind Driven Rain with Particle Traces coloured by particle
Place development in Sydney, velocity Magnitude.
Australia. The study was
undertaken utilising a hybrid statistical analysis of the local on the Northern façade were
wind tunnel and computational meteorological data. This data prevalent when high local wind
fluid analysis (CFD) approach, was then integrated into the speeds occurred at building
in order to quantify the amount CFD software as boundary height. Conversely, when there
of rain that impacts the conditions, and a two-phase are low wind speed conditions
Northern cantilevered façade simulation of the rain drop there is a smaller amount of
of the development. trajectories was carried out rain swept on to the façade.
incorporating the results of Additionally, under the high
A wind tunnel model was the statistical analysis (of wind speed conditions, any rain
fabricated and testing within meteorological data), wind droplets that separate from
Windtech’s boundary layer tunnel measurements as well the cantilevered façade were
wind tunnel facilities in order as droplet size distributions. observed to be swept back
to determine the speed and onto the façade below, away
direction of the oncoming The results of the analysis
from or around the building.
winds, in conjunction with a indicated that the highest
rainfall intensities impeding
| 7
Pedestrian Wind Comfort Studies Solar Thermal Reflectivity Assessments

For more information, or to discuss how CFD may be beneficial to your current/
future projects, please contact Dr Niall O’Sullivan: Niall@[Link]

Alternatively, you may email reception: Reception@[Link]

Sydney | Melbourne | Singapore | New York | London | Mumbai | Abu Dhabi | Hong Kong
Onsite Measurements

Long Term
Structural Motion
Monitoring
Windtech BMS performs a
complete range of structural
motion monitoring services to
analyse the dynamic response of
structures. This includes long
term monitoring of completed
structures, short term monitoring
to provide a structural health
‘snap shot’ and spot
measurements during the
construction phase. This service
complements Windtech BMS’s
auxiliary structural damper design
and commissioning service.

Figure 2: Sample Accelerations

Outputs can include translational

components of acceleration and
water level if a Tuned Liquid
Damper is installed. Continuous
recording of accelerations allow
Figure 1 Signal Conditioning and Data the comparison between
Acquisition Equipment
measured accelerations and local
Windtech BMS uses ultra-low events such as thunderstorms or
frequency range accelerometers earthquakes. The structure’s
with micro-g resolution combined natural frequencies and damping
with custom designed and built characteristics can also be
signal conditioning equipment to monitored and any changes due
measure the structures motion. to the aging of the structure
This equipment is integrated with quantified. When long term
a local data logger which monitoring of the structure is
transfers the data offsite in real conducted in conjunction with Figure 3 Long term monitoring equipment
the commissioning of an auxiliary in place
time and provides redundancy
should there be a temporary loss structural damper, damper
of connection. performance can also be
monitored.

For more information, or to discuss how long term structural motion monitoring may be beneficial to your
current/future projects, please contact the Windtech BMS team: bms@[Link]

[Link]
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Green Building Design &
Certification
Sustainability
Services
Windtech is experienced in high
performance green building design
analysis. This is made possible
through the various building physics
capabilities Windtech currently
deploys, such as thermal modelling to
analyse the effect of the building
fabric, form and orientation.
Advanced CFD simulations are utilised
for complicated building spaces
(Figure 1) ventilated facades, solar
access studies for shading
optimisation as well as daylight &
glare analysis. Through the use of Figure 1: Analysis HVAC Air Distribution System Performance
state-of-the-art software and
technology, we are able to accurately
simulate total building energy
consumption (Figure 2) for the
purpose of benchmarking results

Figure 2: Estimated Energy Consumption Chart Figure 3: Analysis Chiller Plant System Performance

against well-established international Design Approach:

or local standard (Figure 3). During the process, we track and
Windtech encourages an
report the team’s progress,
Windtech offers consultancy for interactive approach which helps
oversee the coordination of
USGBC LEED certification, IWBI WELL assist the design team
documentation preparation and
certification, BRE BREEAM throughout the sustainability
manage the coordination of rating
certification, BCA Green Mark certification process, by
credit interpretation requests.
certification. Windtech provides an systematically exploring
Upon completion of the project,
independent and integrated suite of alternative measures with the
we assist in preparing the full
services that will guide stakeholders in goal of meeting the objectives
rating documentation package for
accumulating necessary credits and building owners, budget
submission to the relevant
obtaining target certification award. constraints and rating
certification body.
requirements.

For more information, or to discuss how our sustainability services may be beneficial to your current/future projects,
please contact the Windtech sustainability team: reception@[Link]

[Link]
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