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Introduction to
Computer Organization and
Architecture (COA)
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Why should COA be studied?
Course Objectives
Important questions:
How are computers organized?
How are computers made?
How are combinational circuits made?
How may we understand the way computers
work?
How can computers allow many programs
running concurrently?
What are answers for above questions?
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Course Resource
Book: WilliamStallings, 2012, Computer
Organization and Architecture: Design for
Performance, 9th Edition, Prentice Hall.
Tool:
MASM32 SDK version 11, MASM64
File: masm32v11r.zip
Free Download Link: http://www.masm32.com/
http://www.windows8downloads.com/win8-
masm-64.html
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Course Description
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Computer Evolution and Performance"
Chapter 3: A Top-Level View of Computer Function
and Interconnection
Chapter 4: Cache Memory
Chapter 5: Internal Memory
Chapter 6: External Memory
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Course Description
Chapter 7: Input/Output
Chapter 8: Operating System Support
Chapter 11: Digital Logic
Chapter12: Instruction Sets: Characteristics and
Functions
Chapter13: Instruction Sets: Addressing Modes
and Formats, Assembly Language
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Course Description
Chapter 14: Processor Structure and Function
Chapter 15: Reduced Instruction Set Computers
Chapter16: Instruction-Level Parallelism and
Superscalar Processors
Chapter 17: Parallel Processing
Chapter 18: Multicore Computers
Chapter 19: Control Unit Operation
Chapter 20: Microprogrammed Control
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Course plan
See it on CMS
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Course Rules
How to conduct
Prepare contents of the next session at home
Following lessons in classrooms
Completing chapter assessment in time and Quizzes (via CMS)
Communication
Class
Interchange by FU-HCM CMS, Forum
Discussing actively in your teams and in classrooms
Free to question and answer
Others
Off phone/ No game, no chat in class
Use laptops under teacher’s instruction
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Evaluation Strategy
Must attend more than 80% of contact hours
(if not, not allow to take exam).
Evaluating
Exercises (E) 30 %
2 Assignment (A) 30% ( Assembly programs)
Final Exam (FE) 40 %
Total score=30%(E)+30%(A)+40% (FE)
Pass: All on-going assessment > 0 and Total score ≥ 5
and Final Examination ≥ 4 (of 10)
Retake only the Final Exam when not passed
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How to study?
This course is complex knowledge (however, it’s attractive and
exciting), so you need to keep tight grip on it
Read
On the books to get the general concept
Reference, study, collection from anywhere else (internet, your
classmate, forum …)
Attend lectures
Listens, understand, then make your own notes
Give your explanation about some topic in lectures
Ask questions
Practice all the exercises, demo to make your sense
After classes
Discuss your classmate in directly, on forum
Do the lab, assignments to submit via CMS, and do more exercises
Build your teams in yourselves to support together in studying
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Academic Policy
Cheating, plagiarism and breach of copyright are
serious offenses under this Policy.
Cheating
Cheating during a test or exam is construed as talking, peeking at
another student’s paper or any other clandestine method of transmitting
information.
Plagiarism
Plagiarism is using the work of others without citing it; that is, holding
the work of others out as your own work.
Breach of Copyright
If you photocopy a textbook without the copyright holder's permission,
you violate copyright law.
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Enjoy the Course
Be enthusiastic about the material because it is
interesting, useful and an important part of your
training as an IT engineer.
We will do our best but we need your help.
So let’s all have fun together with COA!!!
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Chapter 1: Introduction
William Stallings, Computer Organization and
Architecture. 9th Edition
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Objectives
Why should we study this chapter?
Distinguish architecture and organization
What is a hierachical system?
What are basic computer functions?
What are main structural components of the
computer?
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Contents
1.1- Organization and Architecture.
1.2- Structure and functions
1.1- Computer Organization and Architecture
• Attributes of a • Instruction set,
system visible to number of bits
the programmer used to represent
various data types,
• Have a direct I/O mechanisms,
impact on the techniques for
logical execution Architectural addressing
Computer
of a program Architecture
attributes
memory
include:
Differences:
Organizationa
Computer
l attributes
• Hardware details include:
Organization
transparent to the • The operational
programmer, control units and their
signals, interfaces interconnections
between the computer that realize the
and peripherals, architectural
memory technology specifications
used
+ Organization and Architecture …
IBM System/370 Architecture
IBM System/370 architecture
Was introduced in 1970
Included a number of models
Could upgrade to a more expensive, faster model without having to
abandon (chối bỏ) original software
New models are introduced with improved technology, but retain the
same architecture so that the customer’s software investment is
protected
Architecture has survived to this day as the architecture of IBM’s
mainframe product line
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1.2- Structure and Function
Hierarchical system Structure
Set of interrelated The way in which
subsystems components relate to each
other
Hierarchical nature of complex
systems is essential to both Function
their design and their The operation of individual
description components as part of the
structure
Designer need only deal with
a particular level of the system
at a time
Concerned with structure
and function at each level
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Functions
A computer can perform
four basic functions:
● Data processing
● Data storage
● Data movement
● Control
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Peripheral 1 Peripheral 2
Operations
(a)
Data movement
+ External
environment
Operations
read
(b)
Data storage
write
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Operations
(c)
Data movement
read
write
compute
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Operations
(d)
Control
linkages
The
Computer
Structure
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CPU – controls the operation of
the computer and performs its
There are four data processing functions
main structural
components Main Memory – stores data
of the computer: I/O – moves data between the
computer and its external
environment
System Interconnection –
some mechanism that provides
for communication among CPU,
main memory, and I/O
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CPU
Controls the operation of the CPU
and hence the computer
Major structural
Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
components:
Performs the computer’s data
processing function
Registers
Provide storage internal to the CPU
CPU Interconnection
Some mechanism that provides for
communication among the control
unit, ALU, and registers
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Exercises
(Write your answers to your notebook)
1.1 What, in
general terms, is the distinction between
computer organization and computer architecture?
1.2 What, in
general terms, is the distinction between
computer structure and computer function?
1.3 What are the four main functions of a computer?
1.4
List and briefly define the main structural
components of a computer.
1.5
List and briefly define the main structural
components of a processor.
+ Summary
Introduction
Chapter 1
Computer Organization Structure
CPU
Computer Architecture Main memory
Function I/O
Data processing System interconnection
Data storage CPU structural components
Data movement Control unit
Control ALU
Registers
CPU interconnection
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Internet Resources
- Web site for book
http://WilliamStallings.com/COA/COA9e.html
Links to sites of interest
Links to sites for courses that use the book
Errata list for book
Information on other books by W. Stallings
http://WilliamStallings.com/StudentSupport.html
Math
How-to
Research resources
Misc
