CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Web Technology &
Terminology
Bruce Clary, McPherson College, McPherson, Kansas
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Internet
• International network of computers used to share
data.
• Includes e-mail, bulletin boards, IM, newsgroups,
databases, streaming audio and video–almost all
of which can now be delivered through the WWW.
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
World Wide Web
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
World Wide Web
• The graphical interface that uses the Internet to
share information.
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
World Wide Web
• The graphical interface that uses the Internet to
share information.
• The WWW cannot exist without the Internet. The
Internet can and does exist without the Web.
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Protocols
Sets of rules that allow data to be shared via the
Internet
• HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol
• FTP: File Transfer Protocol
HTTP
HyperText Transfer Protocol
The protocol, or rules, that move Web pages across
the Internet and that link pages together
• One way transfer, server to browser
• Stateless (which means no copy of the transfer is
saved on the server side)
FTP
File Transfer Protocol
The rules that move digital files across the Internet
• Two way
• Copies of transfers on both server and client sides
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
IP
Internet Protocol
IP addresses are unique numbers that identify
specific computers connected to the Internet.
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
• The rules that identify specific files available on the
Internet
• The address beginning with the transfer protocol
http:// in a browser address bar
• See pg. 22 in Robbins for parts of a URL address
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
[Link]
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
Protocol
[Link]
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
Protocol Host
[Link]
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
Protocol Host Domain
[Link]
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
Protocol Host Domain
[Link]
Site Name
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
Protocol Host Domain Directory
[Link]
Site Name
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
Protocol Host Domain Directory File
[Link]
Site Name
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
Protocol Host Domain Directory File
[Link]
Site Name Path
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
DNS
Domain Name System
Connecting to computers and Web sites through
the Internet would be far more laborious and error-
prone if it had to be done with IP addresses—e.g.,
[Link]).
The DNS translates domain names (e.g.,
[Link]) that have meaning into an IP
address.
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
How it all works
• See pg. 31 in Robbins
for illustration of HTTP
requests and responses
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Why are browsers different?
• Independently developed
• Document Object Model (DOM) support varies
• Each uses independent JavaScript engines
• Multiple rendering engines drive layout &
appearance
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Multiple rendering engines
Trident Blink Gecko Web-Kit
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Browser consistency driven by Web
Standards
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Browser consistency driven by Web
Standards
• In 1990s, market share drives browser development
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Browser consistency driven by Web
Standards
• In 1990s, market share drives browser development
• Development of open-source browsers such as
Firefox and Opera in 2000s finally get attention of
commercial browser developers
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Other ubiquitous Web technologies
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Other ubiquitous Web technologies
• JavaScript: A client-side scripting language (which
means end-users can turn it off, disabling any parts
of your Web page dependent upon scripting)
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Other ubiquitous Web technologies
• JavaScript: A client-side scripting language (which
means end-users can turn it off, disabling any parts
of your Web page dependent upon scripting)
• jQuery: A JavaScript library that can be called with
just a few lines of code in your HTML pages
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Other ubiquitous Web technologies
• JavaScript: A client-side scripting language (which
means end-users can turn it off, disabling any parts
of your Web page dependent upon scripting)
• jQuery: A JavaScript library that can be called with
just a few lines of code in your HTML pages
• PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor (originally, Personal
Home Page
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Other ubiquitous Web technologies
• JavaScript: A client-side scripting language (which
means end-users can turn it off, disabling any parts
of your Web page dependent upon scripting)
• jQuery: A JavaScript library that can be called with
just a few lines of code in your HTML pages
• PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor (originally, Personal
Home Page
• CMS: Content Management System (e.g.,
Wordpress, Bulldog Connect, even Facebook)
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
More essential Web technologies
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
More essential Web technologies
• MySQL: Structured Query Language
The preceding “My” indicates that MySQL is Open
Source and free for anyone to use
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
More essential Web technologies
• MySQL: Structured Query Language
The preceding “My” indicates that MySQL is Open
Source and free for anyone to use
• XML: eXtensible Markup Language
CM350 WEB DESIGN FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
More essential Web technologies
• MySQL: Structured Query Language
The preceding “My” indicates that MySQL is Open
Source and free for anyone to use
• XML: eXtensible Markup Language
• AJAX: Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
