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Week 2 - Tutorial Solutions

The document provides examples and practice problems for calculating material properties from stress-strain diagrams. In Example 1, the modulus of elasticity, yield point, and resilience are approximated from a stress-strain diagram for magnesium alloy, with values of 40 GPa, 175 MPa, and 525 kPa respectively. Example 2 calculates stress and elongation values for the alloy under different loads and determines if deformation is elastic or plastic. Practice problem 1 calculates the modulus of toughness and resilience for elastic muscle fibers, with values of 236.4 kPa and 74.4 kPa respectively, and notes the ductility at fracture. Practice problem 2 ranks materials from greatest to least for various properties based on a provided table.

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252 views4 pages

Week 2 - Tutorial Solutions

The document provides examples and practice problems for calculating material properties from stress-strain diagrams. In Example 1, the modulus of elasticity, yield point, and resilience are approximated from a stress-strain diagram for magnesium alloy, with values of 40 GPa, 175 MPa, and 525 kPa respectively. Example 2 calculates stress and elongation values for the alloy under different loads and determines if deformation is elastic or plastic. Practice problem 1 calculates the modulus of toughness and resilience for elastic muscle fibers, with values of 236.4 kPa and 74.4 kPa respectively, and notes the ductility at fracture. Practice problem 2 ranks materials from greatest to least for various properties based on a provided table.

Uploaded by

Asian Jesus
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Tutorial Solutions – Week 2

Example problem 1
A tension test was performed on a magnesium alloy. The resulting stress/strain diagram can
be seen below. Approximate the Modulus of elasticity, yield point and resilience (using the
short cut method).

Analysis
The modulus of elasticity is determined by the equation below for the linear segment of the
stress/strain curve. Indicated by the red dotted line. As the stress is in MPa and strain is
unitless the answer will be in MPa. Note that this is an approximation due to reading off the
graph.
𝜎
𝐸=
𝜀
40
𝐸= = 40000𝑀𝑃𝑎
0.001
𝐸 = 40𝐺𝑃𝑎
To calculate the yield point, the 0.2% offset line needs to be plotted on the stress/strain curve,
indicated by the black line. From this intersection point, the yield stress and strain can be
determined indicated by the blue dotted lines. We will approximate the yield point as 175MPa
and 0.006 for stress and strain respectively.
Using the shortcut method, the modulus of resilience can be determined below
1
𝑢𝑟 = 𝜎𝑦 𝜀𝑦 = 0.5 ∗ 175 ∗ 0.006 = 0.525𝑀𝑃𝑎
2
𝑢𝑟 = 525𝑘𝑃𝑎
Example problem 2
Calculate the stress when the alloy is subjected to 8kN of force. Is the material in elastic or
plastic deformation?
Determine the elongation when the allow is subjected to 25kN of force. Is the material in
elastic or plastic deformation?
The gauge length is 50mm and the diameter is 12mm.

The stress can be determined by the following


𝐹
𝜎=
𝐴𝑜

𝑑 2 12 2
𝐴𝑜 = 𝜋 ( ) = 𝜋 ( ) = 113.09𝑚𝑚2
2 2
8000
𝜎= = 70.74𝑀𝑃𝑎
113.09
By looking at the graph, at ~70MPa the material would be in elastic deformation.
The elongation of alloy when it is subjected to 25 kN of force can be determined by using
the following equation:
𝐹 25000
𝜎= = = 221.06𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴𝑜 113.09
By looking at the graph at 221.06 MPa (blue lines), we can see that the alloy is deformed
plastically, and the strain is approximately 0.0088, we will round to 0.009.
𝛿
𝜀= → 𝛿 = 𝐿𝑜 ∗ 𝜀 = 50 ∗ 0.009 = 0.45𝑚𝑚
𝐿𝑜
Practice problem 1
The stress-strain diagram for elastic fibres that make up human muscle is shown. Determine
the modulus of toughness and modulus of resilience for the fibres. State the ductility at
fracture (%EL).

Area 3
Area 2
Area 1

To determine the modulus of toughness, you need to integrate the entire stress/strain curve.
As the equation of the line is not known, we can break up the graph into smaller sections and
calculate the areas.
𝑈𝑡 = 𝐴1 + 𝐴2 + 𝐴3
𝐴1 = 0.5 ∗ 3.1 ∗ 0.048 = 0.0744𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴2 = (3.7 − 3.4) ∗ 0.048 = 0.0288𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴3 = 0.5 ∗ (3.7 − 3.1) ∗ (0.492 − 0.048) = 0.1322𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑈𝑡 = 0.0744 + 0.0288 + 0.1322 = 0.2364𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑈𝑡 = 236.4𝑘𝑃𝑎
The modulus of resilience will be the area under the elastic region of the curve, so this means
it will be area 1.
𝑈𝑟 = 74.4𝑘𝑃𝑎
Practice problem 2
Using a table to rank these materials from greatest to least for: Ductility, Young’s modulus,
Yield strength, Modulus of Resilience, Toughness, Ultimate Tensile Strength

Greatest - Least
Ductility 1 3 2
Young’s modulus 2 1 3
Yield strength 2 1 3
Modulus of resilience 2 1 3
Toughness 1 2 3
UTS 2 1 3

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