NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY TIRUCHIRAPPALLI

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CEPC23 RAILWAY, AIRPORT AND HARBOUR ENGINEERING

Assignment 2

1. For a 2° curve on a high-speed Broad Gauge (BG) rail section, the maximum sanctioned
speed is 100 km/h, and the equilibrium speed is 80 km/h. Consider dynamic gauge of BG
rail as 1750 mm. The degree of curve is defined as the angle subtended at its center by a
30.5 m arc. The cant deficiency for the curve (in mm, round off to integer) is…….
(2021)
A) 45
B) 65
C) 57
D) 28
2. The longitudinal section of a runway provides the following data:

End-to-end runway (m) Gradient (%)

0 to 300 +1.2
300 to 600 −0.7
600 to 1100 +0.6
1100 to 1400 −0.8
1400 to 1700 −1.0
The effective gradient of the runway (in %, round off to two decimal places) is _____________
(2021)
A) 0.12
B) 0.32
C) 0.54
D) 0.69
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DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

3. For the hottest month of the year at the proposed airport site, the monthly mean of the
average daily temperature is 39°C. The monthly mean of the maximum daily temperature
is 48°C for the same month of the year. From the given information, the calculated Airport
Reference Temperature (in °C) is.. ……. (2020)
A) 36
B) 39
C) 42
D) 48
4. The appropriate design length of a clearway is calculated on the basis of 'Normal Takeoff'
condition. Which one of the following options correctly depicts the length of the
clearway? (2020)

A) a
B) b
C) c
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DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

D) d
5. A broad-gauge railway line passes through a horizontal curved section (radius = 875 m) of
length 200 m. The allowable speed on this portion is 100 km/h. For calculating the cant,
consider the gauge as centre-to-centre distance between the rail heads, equal to 1750
mm. The maximum permissible cant (in mm, round off to 1 decimal place) with respect
to the centre-to-centre distance between the rail heads is_____
(2019)
A) 1575
B) 1826
C) 126.4
D) 187.6
6. For a broad-gauge railway track on a horizontal curve of radius R (in m), the equilibrium
cant e required for a train moving at a speed of V (in km per hour) is……
(2017)
V2
A) e = 1.676 R
V2
B) e= 1.315 R
V2
C) e = 0.80 R
V2
D) e = 0.60 R

7. A runway is being constructed in a new airport as per the International Civil Aviation
Organization (ICAO) recommendations. The elevation and the airport reference
temperature of this airport are 535 m above the mean sea level and 22.65°C, respectively.
Consider the effective gradient of runway as 1%. The length of runway required for a
design aircraft under the standard conditions is 2000 m. Within the framework of applying
sequential corrections as per the ICAO recommendations, the length of runway corrected
for the temperature is……………. (2017)
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DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

A) 2223m
B) 2250m
C) 2500m
D) 2750m
8. Which one of the following types of steel is used in the manufacturing of metro and
monorails? (2018)
A) Mild steel
B) Cast steel
C) Manganese
D) Bessemer stool

9. The Composite Steeper Index is relevant in determining.

1. Required and adaptable sleeper density
2. Durability of sleeper units
3. Mechanical strength of the stock of wooden sleepers
Which of the above statements is/are correct? (2018)
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 only
(d) 3 only
10. For the construction of a 640 m long B.G. railway track by using a sleeper density of M-5, and
the length of each rail is 12.8 m, the number of sleepers required will be.
(2020)
(a) 1000
(b) 900
(c) 800
(d) 700
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DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

11. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding ballast used for railway tracks?
(2020)
A) The minimum depth of ballast for B.G. section is 20 cm-25 cm.
B) The quantity of stone ballast required for one metre length of track is 0.53 m³ for B.G
section.
C) For M.G section the width of ballast is 1.83 m.
D) The minimum depth of ballast for N.G. section is 10 cm.
12. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding Journal friction? (2020)
(a) Caused due to the wave action of rails.
(b) The amount does not depend upon the type of bearing.
(c) For roller bearings, it varies from 0.5 to 1.0 kg per tonne.
(d) For coupled boxes, it lubricates by hard grease from 0.5 kg to 1.0 kg per tonne
13. A railway curve of 1350 m radius is to be set out to connect two tangents. If the design speed
is 110 kmph and the rate of change of acceleration is 0.3 m/s³, the shift of the circular curve
will be nearly. (2020)
A) 0.18 m
B) 0.16 m
C) 0.14 m
D) 0.12 m
14. Which one of the following is the correct standard for provision of curves on railway track?
(2020)
(a) Cant excess on B.G. shall not be allowed to exceed 105 mm.
(b) Minimum radius of vertical curves for group A Broad-Gauge track is 4000 m.
1
(c) The minimum value of superelevation according to Railway Board is 10th of gauge.
𝑉2
(d) The speed potential of curve is given by formula E=127R . where E is superelevation in

mm.
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DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

15. A cross-over occur between two Metre Gauge parallel tracks of same crossing number 1 in
12 with straight intermediate portion between the reverse curves and the distance between
the centres of tracks is 3.5 m. If the value of G is 1 m, the intermediate straight distance will
be nearly. (2020)
A) 12 m
B) 15 m
C) 18 m
D) 21 m
Answer - c
16. Consider the following statements concerning railways.
1. A level stretch equal to the maximum train length is to be provided between the
gradient reaches where a rising gradient is followed by a falling gradient.
2. Vertical curves in railway tracks are not set out as parabolas.
3. Diamond crossings can be laid on curves also.
4. Curves should be avoided at the top-level segment of bridges.
Which of the above statements are correct? (2017)
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 1 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 2 and 4 only
17. Two parallel railway lines are to be connected by a reverse curve, each section having the
same radius. If the lines are 12m apart and the maximum distance between tangent points.
measured parallel to the straights is 48m, then the maximum allowable radius will be.
(2019)
(a) 51.1m
(b) 53.5m
(c) 52.3m
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DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

(d) 54.7m
18. Marshalling yard in railway system provides facilities for (2018)
(a) Maintenance of rolling stock
(b) Safe movements of passengers and coaches
(c) Receiving, breaking up, re-forming and dispatching onwards- of trains
(d) Receiving, loading, unloading and delivery of goods and vehicles, and scheduling their
further functioning.
19. The type of levelling operations carried out for laying a railway track are.
1. Longitudinal leveling (LO.S.)
2 Fly levelling
3. Barometric levelling
4. Cross-sectioning
Select the correct answer using the codes given below: (2017)
(a) 1, 2, and 3 only
(b) 1,3 and 4 only
(c) 2, 3, and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, and 4 only
20. Which one of the following instances of performance of aircraft is not considered for
determining basic runway length? (2019)
(a) Normal landing case
(b) Normal take-off case
(c) Engine failure case
(d) Emergency landing case
21. Consider the following data for designing a taxiway for operating Boeing 707-320 aeroplane:
(2019)
Wheel base = 17.70m
Tread of main loading gear= 6.62m
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DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Turning speed = 40km/h

Coefficient de friction between tyres and pavement surface = 0.13
The turning radius of the taxiway will be.
(a) 98,5m
(b) 94.5m
(c) 89.5m
(d) 86.5m
22. In the offshore region at a particular harbour facility, an oscillatory wave train approaches
with wavelength of 80 m where the mean sea depth is 30 m. What would be the velocity of the
Individual waves? (2018)
(a) 17.15 m/s
(b) 16.05 m/s
(c) 15.15 m/s
(d) 14.05 m/s
23. Which one of the following measures should be taken for maintaining rolling stock?
(2022)
(a) The different parts of rolling stock need not be cleaned every day.
(b) All axles completed service life need not be replaced.
(c) The parts of rolling stock which get worn out need not be replaced.
(d) Lubrication of all the reciprocating parts and bearings with a suitable lubricant should be
done.
24. Consider the following statements related to economic design of modern track:
1. Axle loading, possible weight reduction of the rolling stock and increase in number of
axles should be rationalized.
2. Rail to sleeper fastenings for different type of sleepers at high speeds should have
definite standards.
3. The weight of the sleeper and the rail may not be related to each other.
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DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Which of the above statements are correct? (2023)

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
25. The raising of outer rail over inner rail is called (2023)
(a) Cant deficiency
(b) Cant
(c) Capacity of the track
(d) Centre bound sleepers
26. Which one of the following tunnelling methods is adopted for the situations where the
metro alignment passes under residential buildings or a canal? (2023)
a) Earth pressure balance tunneling machine method.
b) Tunnel boring machine method
c) Tube tunneling method
d) Driven shield tunneling method.
27. Consider the following statements related to the advantages of concrete sleepers:
1. Concrete sleepers can generally be mass produced using local resources.
2. Concrete sleepers are not suitable for beater packing.
3. Concrete sleepers have a very long lifespan.
4. Concrete sleepers have no scrap value.
Which of the above statements is/are correct? (2021)
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 2 and 4 only
28. Consider the following statements related to the advantages of uniformity of rail gauges:
 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY TIRUCHIRAPPALLI
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

[Link] transhipping is not required, there is breakage of goods.

2. Large sheds to store goods are not required.
3. Labour strikes, etc. do not affect the service and operation of trains.
Which of the above statements are correct? (2022)
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1,2 and 3
29. The sleeper density of a broad-gauge track is (M+7) in metric units, where M is length of rail
in meters. The number of sleepers for 1.024 km length of track is:………… (2019)
(a) 1700
(b) 1500
(c) 1600
(d) 1900
30. What must be radius of circular curve for railway of chord length 30 m, where the degree of
curvature is…… (2019)
(a) 1000 m
(b) 17020 m
(c) 860 m
(d) 1440 m
31. Calculate the design rate of super elevation on a 3-degree horizontal curve for narrow gauge
track, if design velocity on the curve is 70 km/h. (2017)
(a) 0.051
(b) 0.07
(c) 0.067
(d) 0.112
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DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

32. On horizontal curve if the pavement is kept horizontal across the alignment, then the pressure
on the outer wheels will be? (2019)
(a) more than the pressure under inner
(b) less than pressure under inner wheels
(c) equal to the pressure on inner wheels crushed.
(d) Zero
33. Artificial harbours are constructed by providing structures which extend from the
land to the sea so as to create a calm area for the berthing of vessels. Such structures are
known as: (2019)
(a) Groin
(b) Breakwater
(c) Wharf
(d) Jetty
34. Which one out of four options below is NOT the purpose of vertical shaft in tunnel?
(2019)
(a) To make use of it as a quarry to obtain stones for masonry works.
(b) To pump out the water in case it is found during the construction of tunnel.
(c) To speed up excavation from many working faces.
(d) To provide natural ventilation during and after the construction of the tunnel.
35. The items given in options pertain to different aspects of functionalities of track design in
railway engineering. Select the INCORRECT Combination. (2019)
(a) Ballast: Granular mattress laid over the earth formation to provide suitable bed for the
sleepers on which they can rest.
(b) Pusher gradient: Rising gradient which is followed by a falling gradient and along which
the train climbs easily due to momentum gained by them over the falling gradient.
(c) Ruling gradient: Maximum gradient to which a track may be laid in a particular section.
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DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

(d) Marshalling yard: To separate goods wagons received from various centers in the order
of stations to which they are to be sent.
36. The commutative speed distribution curve is usually adopted for geometric design of
highways. The percentile speed adopted for geometric design is… (2017)
(a) 85th percentile speed
(b) 90th percentile speed
(c) 98th percentile speed
(d) 99.9th percentile speed
37. Due to slipping of the wheels the rail forms. (2017)
(a) Crushed head
(b) Battered ends
(c) Split head
(d) Horizontal fissure
38. The shift of the transition curve of radius 300m and length 48m is………(2017)
(a) 0.32 m
(b) 0.42 m
(c) 0.52 m
(d) 0.62 m
39. For an airport, match the item in List-1 (Runway component) with those in List-2 (design
criteria). Use the codes in the list for matching. (2019)
List-1 List-2
A. Basic runway length 1. Location of exit taxiways
B. Airport drainage 2. Engine failure class
C. Runway geometric design 3. Width and length of safety area of airport
D. Runway Capacity 4. Grading of airport site

(a) A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3

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DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

(b) A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1

(c) A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
(d) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
40. In the offshore region at a particular harbour facility, an oscillatory wave train approaches
with wavelength of 80 m where the mean sea depth is 30 m. What would be the velocity of the
Individual waves? (2018)
(a) 17.15 m/s
(b) 16.05 m/s
(c) 15.15 m/s
(d) 14.05 m/s