Types_oF Gates at © Basic @ate ec 4 @ate — +9 _Universa_ ate 1 _Theve_ave_shaee types of Giates- 5 4 © Special _pustose Gate __ 7 & | Basic Gate Sia QR, NoT) + bh Tana Gare) C2 grew toureur) a Risa 2eeG i I 8 ! Y= A.B r | 2 re z (to Fo [0 (3 Input. 1 output) 1ae8 ( 0 fi tea ° oO A =A.B.¢ t= Suiichon | | ! a _) “ = switch off 22 ge Bulb call Not dow 22 TETigNts Pls Bulb will alow I | A B c = | ° 0 0 0 [ oO Oo. t o I 0 | Oo Q o feel 0: i 0 oO 0. l ° ! 0 ye 8 oe yea fee { |=0R a — -\-|-r pee er -|- oop —Cetuaty— detector) Ros = Aeths— -K I- laloSummesion - Addition = Pee = + sau inte casiON — a. n ae ua fi Panic ne product is @qual_to e = ae —T)\_Y=4@ ummesion of ind {vidual co! mali me = ee = = / ve re a3 -Nok__=' Gubbled_AND Gare n= ———! - = tl auth fable ae Ye RS. FB _—_—_ 7 Pee Dee — a+es_lars [ale Taal __t 6. r (eos eee |e NAND_= Bubbled oR Gate Ce a 0 - i fo |o | 4 oO ___Jauth—Table \ oOo} o | 0} 6 a.|ol]ael ae | Al BR | a+ 8 E 9 © o | 1 0 1 ; |_NAND Gate as Universal Gate ° 1 Oss le =I) 1 2 = ° ° 9 Teele ie ©_NaNd Gate _as__a__NoT. = i x po Jeli ot os = L @_theorem, AsB = AB = De- Moagan’s- —stheoaem — States that a _AND ee ee i equal Y= AB ree 7 pabdcs — 0% jndividua| Compliment fg eS lio-®_Not Gate asa Gate = ety=wavG 2A BR 2 = A+B (A.B).c = A. (B.c) (A4B)+¢C = A+ (Bic) Distributive Jay A.(Bt¢) =~ AB+Ac = Tnvevsion law R= ANoise is de¥ined as the ;unvanied Rlearical__distuabance __which Moy _incluced _Some___voltage In Connecting wires. Noise immunity + __The Noise _immun ty, PSUS no Meee S me i ity of logic Ciacuits to yolesate __the _ noise j-woithowt Causing the output _to change 1®_Noise Margin = a L —_—_Jn_oades to __avoid. the effect oF Noise the designes__ ___& Logic “Families. =i {-Odjust the _valttage level {More} min | Mox_(rain}__& Jin _(min)_‘The difference Im? O Fan- In_* po Fan in is __detined asthe |_____ number _o# _jn®ufs_ _a_Sate has between “Vermin } § Vie (min) is Called la.s__NOise__maagin___The ____ Difference _betwe Jxx (max). § Vor (max) is Called as ow level _Noise _Maagin—Looe ed 0 ee ee saa | | Jace —— jnpur pulse __§ the _tnstant0F occumonce [FE —__| oF __comaesponding. output Puls. T ReEian ena ere ee : — I Due to applied __ ! "Voltage and —Cuapent Fiowing though. L _—the___logi cc Fes _Some__ Power's _is_ | [dissipated init the —_Yo2m__o}-_hear = tis —iscalled power — dissipation _ @ _Figuze_o¥__meait__(-Fom) ++ e. ee | the Sauce | oF _mesit__o —a_losical_‘¥omity is —_ | abe paoduck__o¥___ Powex_dissipation 4 Cros —togic_“Family =| advantages pa ee Low __Powex dissipation —___ 1 @_ igh fan_out | © High noise mangin J @ High packings density see I [= Disadvantages | slowes than TTL _— _©_ favtection_dacuitay _is_aequrred —___ [Compave cmos TTL _-Paopogation._delay.. = aa = ee = TTL family as Sams a a a Advantages. nee i @_7Tl—ciacuits ane Yasy- a | _ B - | Q- Low) Poopagation—.delay : EE OO powed__ dissipation is not dependent t = Peete __on_Faequency a ___O_Compavtable— to all_4he_athes Families fo Shit dow Disaduaninggss: 0) Ss ue HO lage Poweo dissipation 2 © L958 Component density — Ene Oe te ee a oe ar etk= map. Kanough tap.) - i | Suin. “oF pooduel__(S0P). : se ye BA Bet Ac ed E - eon aoe > _minteam—__ ee i eee (oi Compliment. ———— Nowa — fe Sum___(_Pos ) ose (Ate)... {Ate jut Bc) ee Gi poker’ dt eh > TM ee = coke sami te ____-> compliment : pA check te!" _in_ale. i ass oe cee “2m_(ninteom) moxteamn.) Ss 10.00. ABC om At 8.5m tO OB lg ee my, ——;-0___1__0___A_6 Cm, At ftom |} 0. —j_1___F}_B_C__my. —fl+ B+4€ His Ge AR Coy Reg os O41 —A Booms A+ e+e Tete g i ABC _ me. ©. Fhe ous _uanigbles {a ep e629 — Cb ees Be pNP ng or 0 _AB_00 al 4 As o1| 1 i = ABU i ei 1 ABO : i$= Pas - oF _qwo_ad a ate A oF qwo adjacent one's __Q__jiwo__Naviables — +Ond__Zex0's - Called a5 __paig.. 4 eee a = quod 2 anrEnONe "2 0 Ao 5 J a =, A group of fous adjacent ma 7 4 _ sos o's” is Called. as —quad, = =| octate A f_______A__qaoup ot _eight adjacent 41S or _0'5 __is__Called as o¢iate. | Always —poetes. the highest gacuping term finimiasasion_-féehin technique Using ay k= Map ___ imige The _ “Following —boolen exeression using k= Se ae O42 €m{43.5,51 8) bsaeeh 0-3 oe — SSS Sea jt —————ep-E9—tD-_CD__cB_-__ fib 09 or 10 — | jpool I yg oD ! Agol Ll 1 | Gi = BD Apt al [thts — nto RE dys éo +82—__Stouctuse oF _k- Map oF pas ap sec = Hes eu Two Variable = 2 | D —— =e os 8 7 A ai : AO | | sf Bh = BJ! a | _ F (naco) = Oy 5.3, : Ai | @ _Theee _Voriable CD_a§. ED D D965 —%5__2p —__-_____ ~ 00 oy to = 09 “I Me 1 7 —_ A : ana _ B.D. 3] — eet: i : Deut cit aminimise the _ Seuss — -exepession— sin, i Ke. map ee OF tAbeal= am (012.345, B8, aa) we 2 k= map on_don’t come Condition 3 Simplify the expression given below = ém_ (43, %us) + id (6,275) 7 —_¢9—cd__c5_25 _ip a AS 00 or road To} _ soo | bes TT J[ Gis ag AB_o1 | eee ms £5 AON go Ot RB .oo| xsl 1. POT. 7. A BOL xs} 1 la ABIL # if. AB _!0 1 a} fledHalf oddes ——njg— —Hait_adder it__hos two ineur__§ iS_used_to_add_ the _t8_enewidth _-pambey _1__bit number _ awo out. _ >The OutPuts ave _Sum__and___ (ovay A TS Gig a.5) +4d (OF 14 Hair c aan 8 ia any) Eee i Ftp cp oh ABN? 00 1p to 4500] fe | o e) asoillol iif xs[ x « 4g 1) fl ed x 03 10 | 3 | 10 { nt IN =) © Cram, !“meme = aa at Tue ogdee is ised to aag ee 1 bit number. Jt-—has>_theee pee | eet ee Bice Oe Ga OR 8th “Tre Peeler | i ] FSG ABG, ARG, 7 7 a i um = AAc+t ABCt BAC,+ ABC {- SIN = HOBO Cy eae ane A__ Haz addex—_— [Full _addex diag ,___— “| etoce_diagzam s aa 5 pre ea to] ___, 3 yf | RR 3 | Ree Fs Pe — B = a zan__bits | Jods thee _ bi ts EL it “somal Fla) = mM Co. a, aes 3, 6.3. iL 13.15) o including Cozy Cin Qi qc wed as a Fi_is_Used_as 9 building biock SF 0. Basic building _ De t_odder _ |_ oF an _n- bit * Pay, Adder. @] z+ hes no | particatty sed in ne Practical apelicatiens. n= bit adders . ALI {8 Parameter] Combinationa euencial I Tage eae rafeecees east ——Crrenits Cotuit _Eyp_Flop_ 2 tat amici = — “Digital —ciacuit's “8_Clossified into — 5 a Inpurs Presenrat | Present inpul TWO___Paats_- a — — ——fsetend.sop | ther instant at sime| post inputs (0 —-Q Combination cirewit_____ aE ie aot ae oe i —Sequendiat_Chrcuitt lemony. Net_necessany | Necessary — Fa aa - fp zy [= Combinatinna|—cimcule ss 3 Sac. ae pees ot necessaay | puecesscay sane gE ahe_outpur of = olsleeiees —|-the_ciacuit__is_dependent on _only—_poesent {-BZAmMP les /fidiees, subtoauoas,| |_Flip_ Flops. 5 ——.—input-then it is__caed ag ___combinaiionas— -j ——-7 Code _(onuerjers _| | registens , (oun Ceci t. kL L : TEx, Addex's Aaders , Gubteactos, code Conveoterj a SY r { it edge —tziggeping—__ |e eee = iTE em fe fea =e — / (ve edge fig. _Clock._Signaj | Aipgeaing ——_— = | “Lever tatggeting = {ht TE ghe Hip Flop = Se Res ye Clock eed ince___clock___is__not___applied therefore, outPur—vwill not change —__and__ourpur will I in__Same__as Previous _ Value —__ 1, Flay _| T a ead a “ ss | Cose- 2 += EL — = NS eat i Se Oo | R20 clocks t Ti ve Levey shen we __give _§ = 0, @= 0 ‘there __ Se ing, Se -—twillbe__a__no__change in jhe qutpub.| Clif eS 2B Sg Se Ha (es ee ah __ Faun Fable q pS = 9, @ 2 1 Clock = N Qn | Qn — a Pn [| tohen we —apolied —$-=.0,$ R= _ Gn. & Hold i outeut —becomes—_1-—and__tiip__Flop bit > Reser a ae es a 01} 0. Pp Set (aca rete peo es alae PN a ang Eee = = cK = _ j ek —}- —%_-— — Block —diagzam_— Fe ee eal era | awn le aa come [| “ as and Sei Store 2 a \op - meMsB- Most ise > List sy (CLLig uliplexea— t= —___—_—— sete! enon A multiplexes is _o_digita, Gaur which Selects —one_O}_the_q ae Fyom_2_ inpur_and__‘woutes__ta_jhe ~The Selection oF _inPut—lines _(q, ___be done by the —__Select__inPur._eR ~ y__the _selection lines —_______ ox_27 si/p we 2equined__M_Selecr_ Fe js Tos x1 mux ea! Gequized 2 Bier inesie ss MAA) ea a ue E me Y [pe foes | em err {rons TT] = ‘Swirh) rt = Seulect_ine's ao = at oF multiplexer 241 __fux aN au sy mox a) 211 mux sjiest mye oe —Afauth Tobie ab Nets. [is ;— yf oN} ee Using 4 +1 _frultiplexes _ HyNexen. - Tinplement- the ‘Yetiowing Function sey Fs ém (0.24 st Y=F tm; 773) odie 0 =, (0,3,5,3, 89,1, I Tose) ee Heh tele | Rabel \09'ca-o-—A~ BD=| Following aze_ahe_-types:_oE —e- multiplexer 112 _de- mua —+— 1-4 e mu