STI COLLEGE

"Effects of Social Media Use on the Mental Health of Teenagers

on the Selected Grade 12 STEM-301 Students at STI San Jose
Del Monte Bulacan”

S.Y 2021-2022

Lorenzo, Art Martine G.

Manuel, Prince Rowel
Palmes, Chantal Ernestine G.
Parba, Kyle Nicole V.
Parian, Manuel
Pineda, Lj
Policarpio, Alex
San juan, Sean
Tarrayo, Krystenne Anne T.
Villamucho, Calix
Villamucho, Jhonrey
Zubiri, Nadia Veronica P.
 Introduction

Background of the study

As time goes on, our technology develops as well as the inventions that up until now we are

using and that are still expanding. One of the challenges that technology has made is the

“internet.” The internet is the fastest-growing marketplace in the history of the world and one of

its works is “social media” It is internet-based and allows users to quickly exchange content such

as personal information, documents, videos, and photos via electronic means.

Social media have been a big part of our life, especially in the youth nowadays. In the past,

we communicate with long distances, nationality, and/or religion that limits people's ability to

communicate with one another. But now, it is so easy for us to communicate with other people

just by the use of social media. The new world of social networking allows for the unrestricted

exchange of ideas on websites like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter which has risen to

prominence in the social realm. According to Ryan and Deci’s Self-determination Theory

(SDT), people have increased their social media and Internet use that leads to excessive use of it.

Therefore, there are effects of using social media. It can be positive or negative depending

on how a person accepts one situation. In this research study, we will be able to learn of what are

the effects of social media on our mental health as a teenager. Also, what are the ways we should

do in order to overcome this kind of situation.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to answer what are the effects of social media use on the mental health of
teenagers and what are the ways or strategies that we should do to overcome it.

The researchers aim to answer the following questions:

1.) Does the use of social media affect the mentality of teenagers or a student?

2.) Do the students experience negative effects when using social media?

3.) Does the use of social media affect the time management of teenagers?

4.) Do the students or teenagers learn and gain information when using social media?

5.) Are there any strategies or ways in order to overcome the negative effects of social

media use? Does the use of it improve the self-esteem of a teenager?

Research Tools:

The researchers will use statistical and descriptive research as a research tool for the data

collection. The data or the result will be gathered and analyzed by the researchers and

will conduct a survey through online regarding the effects of social media use in the

mental health of teenagers.

Significance of the Study

This study can be beneficial in many ways:

Students – this study will provide knowledge to the students on the effects of social media use

on the mental health of teenagers, and how to overcome it. Also, this study will help the students

to realize that the use of social media is not that good as we think it is in our mental health. At

the end of this research, students would finally know why the use of social media can affect their

studies, lifestyle, and also personality.

Teachers – this study would help the teachers on how to manage the students that are attached to

social media too much. The teachers would be able to understand and learn how to handle or

help the students who use social media too much.

Parents – like the teachers, parents will understand the effects of using social media on their

children. Through this study, it will help parents to prevent their children from using social

media too much.

School Administrators – this study will help the school administrators to gain insights as to

what measures are appropriate to help the teachers orient both students and teachers regarding

the use of social media.

Future Researchers – this study will help future researchers in conducting research that will

provide information about the use of social media and its effects on our mental health.
Hypothesis

The researcher’s expected result in the statement of the problem on the study of social media use
on the mental health of teenagers and its effects are the following listed below:

1.) Does the use of social media affect the mentality of teenagers or a student?

Alternative: It affects the mental health of teenagers or students with the use of social
media.

Null: It does not affect the mental health of teenagers or students with the use of social
media.

2.) Do the students experience negative effects when using social media? What are these?

Alternative: The students do encounter negative effects when using social media.

Null: The students do not encounter negative effects when using social media.

3.) Does the use of social media affect the time management of teenagers?

Alternative: The use of social media affects the time management of teenagers.

Null: The use of social media does not affect the time management of teenagers.

4.) Do the students or teenagers learn and gain information when using social media?

Alternative: The students significantly learn and gain information on social media.

Null: The students do not significantly learn and gain information social media.
5.) Are there any strategies or ways in order to overcome the negative effects of social media
use? and does the use of it improve the self-esteem of a teenager?

Alternative: There is a strategy or ways in order to overcome the negative effects of social
media use. It improves the self-esteem of a teenager.

Null: There is no strategies or ways in order to overcome the negative effects of social
media use. It does not improve the self-esteem of a teenager.

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Local Literature

Social Media is the place where people are free to voice out their thoughts and share stories

about their lives. It may seem harmless at first, but if we look closely, it is a place where it’s full

of judgment and hypocrisy. This results in lower self-confidence of an individual. According to

Marie Yap (2019), social media in itself is a neutral tool; it is the how what, who, when, and why

of its use that determines the outcomes. Social media is a present part of life, especially for

digital-native children and adolescents. Making it an enemy by focusing only on the negative

aspects of social media and prohibiting its use will likely backfire. With that, Maire Yap

concludes that using social media is a necessity for millennials nowadays.

According to Rae Jacobson (2020), says that these days the impossible standards are set

much closer to home, not by celebrities and models but by classmates and friends. With social

media, teens can organize their lives, and the resulting feeds read like highlight reels, showing
only the best and most enviable moments while concealing efforts, struggles, and the merely

ordinary aspects of day-to-day life. And there’s evidence that those images are causing distress

for many kids. Therefore, this concludes that in social media, people can fake their life by only

posting about the good events that have happened in their lives.

Yet another idea supported by Noel D’Souza (2017), is that the desire to be liked is

something we all look out for. In today’s social media era this desire to be liked has grown even

more. The number of followers and likes a person has on their Instagram account determines

how popular they are. Even if these followers and likes are rigid and paid for. Competition builds

up and all we are fighting for are numbers that identify our status in life. Social media is all about

gaining attention due to which people publicize their picture-perfect lives. We constantly tend to

judge ourselves for not having that branded watch our friend posted or visiting that new and

happening club in town. We are constantly seeking for gratification from others to validate

ourselves. We stress out if we don’t get more than 50 likes on a picture that we posted an hour

ago. Some people resort to taking down their pictures. Then there are others who spend hours

taking a high-quality picture or a perfect selfie, editing them, and promoting them with popular

hashtags. Young Adults feel insecure too while scrolling through their Facebook feed and

noticing that all their friends are either getting married, getting engaged, or having a kid.

We go out of our way to make our lives look way more attractive to our followers. Not

realizing that we are creating a persona for people to like us and not revealing the real us. Noel
D’Souza concludes that teenagers nowadays post on social media to impress their audience or

followers.

According to Teacher Boards (2018), social media can have a negative effect on student

productivity when it comes to concentration in the classroom, timekeeping,

and conscientiousness on an academic level. It’s important to discuss ways to combat these

factors without heralding new media as a societal crime which many previous attempts of raising

awareness on this issue have tended to do. It is without a doubt that platforms such as Facebook,

Twitter, and Instagram have introduced many beneficial aspects to modern-day society and its

users. For one it has made young people more politically aware, making them more likely to

vote, and has also helped them communicate with other young people on a wider scale than ever

before. However, other issues such as having damaging effects on self-image and mental health,

productivity in school, and issues with privacy and data protection are all attributes that students

need to be educated on. Productivity-wise, procrastination and media platforms go hand in hand

when it comes to completing homework on time or concentrating during lesson time. Therefore,

they conclude that social media tends to make teenagers lose their productivity academic-wise.

According to Clarissa Silva (2017), social media has been linked to higher levels of

loneliness, envy, anxiety, depression, narcissism, and decreased social skills. The narratives we

share and portray on social media are all positive and celebratory. Meaning for some, sometimes

it appears everyone you know is in great relationships, taking 5-star vacations and living your

dream life. However, what is shared across our social networks only broadcasts the positive
aspects of our lives-the highlight reels. Therefore, she concludes that exposure to social media

can also affect your mental health.

According to Silva (2016), Social media sites such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter

have been known to affect a user’s self-esteem. The opportunities for adolescents to form and

maintain relationships within social media and on the internet has multiplied within the past

several years. Millennials these days seek specific things when “lurking” on an individual’s

profile. Such as the men in my generation follow and seek women on social media who tend to

show a lot more skin than they should. Women lurk on a man’s page seeking their materialistic

items such as cars, money, and the way a man dress. Instances such as these cause low self-

esteem to individuals who do not portray these specific items or lifestyles on social media. The

point of the publisher is that social media can truly lower one’s self-esteem.

The last idea was from Dr. Ken Shore (2020), a student's self-esteem has a significant

impact on almost everything she does -- on the way she engages in activities, deals with

challenges, and interacts with others. Self-esteem also can have a marked effect on academic

performance. Low self-esteem can lessen a student's desire to learn, her ability to focus, and her

willingness to take risks. Positive self-esteem, on the other hand, is one of the building blocks of

school success; it provides a firm foundation for learning. Therefore, Dr. Ken Shore concludes

that low self-esteem can affect one’s academic performance.

Foreign Literature
 According to Bareness-Dias, et al. (2019), social media is a terrifying stage for young

people, as they engage themselves in cyberbullying, trolling, or seeking attention, and validation,

putting their mental health at risk. Technology has become a universal feature in which it plays a

role in part of the lives of today's generation. Social media has brought significant new

challenges and opened a new set of opportunities. Internet addiction can destroy an individual

morality and self-control. It is also common knowledge that online gaming and social media sites

destroy the concentration of students towards their studies. In which too much internet usage can

lead in to poor performance in their studies. (The Freeman, 2016)

Williams and Teasdale (2018) stated that those people who spend too much of their time on

social media might develop mental health problems. Online networking may result from a

selective impact on children's psychological well-being, and excessive regulation of internet-

based living evokes emotional well-being concerns. World Health Organization (2017) stated

that individuals who have been utilizing cyberspace life for a long time are considered by them

as the future issues of a certain nation.

Feder. K., et al. (2019) stated that individuals who use more than three hours per day on

social media "may be at heightened risk of mental health difficulties, particularly internalizing

disorders," according to the study. Pater and Mynatt (2017), social media create disruptive and

precarious behavior, that leads detrimental to a person's emotional well-being, particularly for

children.
 Lawrence Robinson and Melinda Smith, M.A. (2021) stated that human beings are social

beings. We require the company of others to thrive in life, and the strength of our bonds has a

significant impact on our mental health and happiness. Being socially connected to others can

reduce stress, anxiety, and depression, increase self-esteem, provide comfort and joy, prevent

loneliness, and even add years to your life. On the other hand, a lack of strong social connections

can endanger your mental and emotional health. They also said that if you're spending too much

time on social media and experiencing feelings of sadness, dissatisfaction, frustration, or

loneliness, it may be time to reconsider your online habits and strike a healthier balance. The

importance of the current topic is demonstrated by the health of the younger generation. It is

correct. It is obvious that the negative effects of social media usage necessitate the imposition of

consequences for the present. generation, particularly for the younger ones

The present literature was reviewed in various sections. The paper has outlined the

significant value of the relationship between social media usage and mental health. The present

paper exposes the difficulties and challenges of the relationship as well as the current era's health

problems. The current paper provides insight into the complex relationship between social media

usage and mental health. Health issues affecting the younger generation These issues can be

classified as online harassment. depression, sexting/texting, stress, fatigue, loneliness,

intellectual decline, cyberbullying Bullying, emotion suppression, and a lack of focus All of

these things are either directly or indirectly related. It has an indirect impact on the mental health

of the younger generation. The totality of literature thus far reveals That the younger generation

is more vulnerable.
 As a modern-day confronting population according to Feder. K., et al. (2019), the younger

generation is in their formative years and is at a higher risk of serious illness. a mental health

issue to mitigate these risks, appropriate measures such as disseminating information should be

implemented. Counseling sessions can be planned in schools and colleges. A proper

understanding A movement can be organized to better understand the effects of social media use

on mental health. The health of the next generation Certain social networking sites should be

restricted. age restriction Any social media application that has a negative impact, such as

discrimination, should be avoided. Violence, racism, and other forms of discrimination should be

eradicated completely at once.

Local Studies

According to Alibudbud, R. (2021), in their study, on online learning and mental health

during the COVID-19 pandemic: Perspectives from the Philippines, Mental health consequences

of online learning can include increased anxiety and absenteeism. The COVID-19 pandemic

worsened these consequences when educational institutions shifted from face-to-face activities to

mostly online learning modalities. Measures cognizant of the resources of a developing country

are needed to mitigate the mental stresses from online learning.

Alibudbud, R. (2021) stated in their study, on online learning and mental health during the

COVID-19 pandemic: Perspectives from the Philippines, Mental health consequences of online

learning can include increased anxiety and absenteeism. The COVID-19 pandemic worsened

these consequences when educational institutions shifted from face-to-face activities to mostly
online learning modalities. Measures cognizant of the resources of a developing country are

needed to mitigate the mental stresses from online learning. Excessive use of SNS can lead to

heightened depression, anxiety, distress, unhappiness, and dissatisfaction with life, thus

deteriorating mental health. A study has already found that excessive time spent on social media

leads to depression. In this study, the decreased social media use is what causes that qualitative

shift in your well-being.

Social media has conquered almost all of us day by day. We can easily access many different

things just by using social media and its platform is rapidly increasing even without us knowing.

According to Mapa. D., Ph.D. (2019) about 86.8% of Filipinos that are aged between 10-30

has surfed the internet and social media.” We can see through this study that the children and

adolescence in the age of 10-30 are mostly still studying. Despite the negative effects of social

media still, there are a few positive effects of social media on the students such as keeping

connections between family members away from home, sourcing new information especially in

academics. (Raganta. J., Vargas. D., 2021)

According to Chua, J.M. & Luyun, J. in their study: Social Media Use and Its Effects to the

Values of Tertiary School Students in Cagayan Valley, Philippines for Education Program

Development (2019), most of the students agreed that social media helps them to express their

emotions and it serves as a vent for their hidden emotions that they cannot express with anybody.

Expressing our emotions in a certain way is very helpful since some things cannot be expressed
by words so in some cases young adults choose to use social media as a free world where they

can say those things (Chua, J.M. & Luyun, J 2019).

One study shows through excessive usage of social media we can get an Internet Addiction,

it is a rampant disorder during the present day this mostly happens to young adults. This study

looked into the relationship of internet addiction towards depression and life satisfaction

(Entienza, C. M. 2021) Philippines Student Health Questionnaire held a test for Two hundred

respondents from various universities and the results show that most of the respondents were

suffering from mild depression and worryingly there were respondents having moderately severe

and severe depression.

According to (Dizon, C., et al, 2019) their study shows that students who spend more time

on Facebook and other social media apps to update themselves on school activities and work

with other students in completing the course and school requirements lessen the pressure which

leads to good results of their grades. Students find social media as an outlet for their emotions

because other people are using it to express their feelings whether it is positive or negative which

makes them feel relief. As well as setting up activities like a family reunion or family gathering

which helps them to be more connected with their family and relatives to keep their selves open

with their family. (Raganta, J., Vargas, D., 2021)

Foreign Studies

According to Patti M. Valkenburg, Adrian Meier, and Ine Beyens (2021), studies on how

social media use affects juvenile emotional well-being have accumulated at a breakneck pace in
recent years. However, a more elevated level of proof is currently insufficient. They address this

gap with an extraordinary umbrella audit, a survey of surveys conducted between 2019 and mid-

2021. The search resulted in 25 surveys: seven meta-examinations, nine systematic audits, and

nine narrative audits. The findings indicated that the majority of audits classified the relationship

between online media use and emotional well-being as 'weak' or 'conflicting,' though a couple

classified it as 'considerable' and 'pernicious.' They summarize the gaps identified in the surveys,

clarified their errant translations, and suggest a few avenues for future investigation.

According to Amy Orben, Livia Tomova, Sarah-Jayne Blakemore (2020), adolescence (the

period between the ages of 10 and 24 years) is a stage of life characterized by increased

affectivity toward social advancements and an increased requirement for peer cooperation.

Physical segregation measures imposed globally to contain the spread of COVID-19 are

significantly reducing teenagers' opportunities for close, personal social contact outside their

families. They illustrate how friendly adversity in puberty can have far-reaching consequences in

this interdisciplinary Viewpoint through writing from a variety of disciplines. Human studies

have established the importance of friend recognition and companion impact on adolescents.

Social hardship and disengagement have been shown to have a subtle effect on the cerebrum and

behavior of adolescents at various stages of life. Nonetheless, the decline in close and personal

contact among young adults may be less detrimental as a result of unrestricted access to

advanced forms of social collaboration enabled by innovations such as web-based media. The

findings highlight how physical separation may disproportionately affect an aging population for

whom peer association is critical for advancement.

 According to Ine Beyens, J. Loes Pouwels, Irene I. van Driel, Loes Keijsers and Patti M.

Valkenburg (2020), the extent to which online media use benefits or harm teenagers' prosperity

is a significant cultural issue. Observational studies in the past have largely established in all

cases the effects on (sub)populations of young people. As a result, it remains an open question

whether the effects are unique for each individual adolescent. They observed youths' interactions

six times daily for a week to compare their defenselessness to the effects of online media on their

flashing emotional prosperity. Extensive examinations of two thousand one hundred fifty-five

ongoing evaluations revealed that the relationship between web-based media use and emotional

prosperity is highly variable among adolescents: While forty-four (44%) did not feel

significantly better or worse after engaging in uninvolved web-based media use, forty-six (46%)

felt good, and ten (10%) felt more regrettable. The findings indicate that explicit individual

effects can no longer be ignored in research, as well as in avoidance and mediation programs.

According to Patti M. Valkenburg, Ine Beyens, J. Loes Pouwels, Irene I. van Driel and Loes

Keijsers (2021), the hypothesis that "passive" social media use (browsing) has a detrimental

effect on well-being is a recurrent one in the literature. This preregistered study examined a

competing hypothesis, according to which the effects of browsing on well-being are contingent

on an individual's susceptibility to envy, inspiration, and enjoyment.

According to Teun Siebers, Ine Beyens, J. Loes Pouwels, Icon and Patti M. Valkenburg

(2021), widespread concern in the public sphere is that youths are experiencing an increased
inability to think and support consideration as a result of their persistent engagement with web-

based media. The current experience inspection strategy (ESM) focuses on determining whether

youth who use more online media than their peers encounter more interruption (inter-individual

affiliation), whether web-based media use (SMU) and interruption co-vary within young people

(transitory within individual affiliations), and how much this within individual affiliation varies

between individuals (individual explicit affiliations).

Study Site

This research will be conducted at STI San Jose Del Monte Bulacan by the researchers on the

Selected Grade 12 STEM-301 Students with a total number of (10) respondents. A survey

questionnaire will be conducted in this study. It will be conducted online due to the Covid-19

Pandemic.

Methodology

In this research study, the researchers used quantitative research, which involves collecting

and analyzing numerical data (e.g., text, video, or audio) it is generally used to find patterns,

averages, predictions, as well as cause-effect relationships between the variables being studied. It

can be used to gather in-depth insights into a problem or generate new ideas for research. The

researchers gathered (10) respondents from the selected Grade 12 STEM-301 students and will

conduct a survey questionnaire online and that will be analyzed by the researchers.
Research Design

The non-experimental design will be used in this research study by conducting a survey

procedure. It examines social phenomena without direct manipulation of the conditions that the

subjects experience. There is also no random assignment of subjects to different groups. As such,

evidence that supports the cause-and-effect relationships is largely limited.

Research Instrument

A survey questionnaire is used in this research study, Quantitative survey questions are

defined as objective questions used to gain detailed insights from respondents about a research

topic. The answers received for these quantitative survey questions are analyzed and generated

on the basis of this quantitative data. These questions form the core of a survey and are used to

gather numerical data to determine statistical results. A questionnaire is a research instrument

consisting of a series of questions for the purpose of gathering information from respondents.

A multiple-choice question is a type of questionnaire/survey question that provides

respondents with multiple answer options. it requires respondents to select only correct answers

from the choice options. Close-ended questions are defined as question types that ask

respondents to choose from a distinct set of pre-defined responses, such as “yes/no” or among set
multiple-choice questions. In a typical scenario, closed-ended questions are used to gather

quantitative data from respondents.

Sampling Method of the Study

In this research study, the researchers gathered ten (10) respondents in the selected

Grade 12 STEM-301 students of STI San Jose Del Monte Bulacan with the research study

entitled “Social media effects on the mental health of the teenagers” the school year 2021-

2022.

Availability sampling is a method where the selection of participants (or other units of

analysis) is based on their ready availability. This availability is usually in terms of

geographical proximity (e.g., students in the researcher’s own college or in neighboring

colleges) but may involve other types of accessibility, such as known contacts.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers submit a sample or survey questions and asked permission to conduct a

survey questionnaire on the selected Grade 12 STEM-301 students as respondents. This research

study is conducted at STI San Jose Del Monte Bulacan with a total of a number of ten (10)

respondents which is twenty percent (20%) of the population of Grade 12 STEM-301 students in

the year 2021-2022.

 Results, Interpretation, and Data Analysis of the Study

This represents the analysis, presentation, and interpretation of data gathered by the

researchers on the selected Grade 12 STEM-301 students of STI San Jose Del Monte

Bulacan with a total of a number of ten (10) respondents which is twenty percent (20%) of

the population.

Yes No Not Sure

Question # 1 8 1 1
8 1 1
×100=80 % ×100=1 0 % ×100=10 %
10 10 10

Table 1: Question # 1

Figure 1
Figure 1: In this figure, it represents that 80% of the respondents agreed and answered (yes)

to the question “does the use of social media affects you as a teenager or student in real life”

while 10 % answered (no) with another 10% of being unsure if social media affects them.

Agree Disagree Neutral

Question # 2 5 1 4
5 1 4
×100=50 % ×100=1 0 % ×100=40 %
10 10 10

Table 2: Question # 2

Figure 2

Figure 2: In this figure, it represents that 50% of the respondents agreed to the question

“does the use of social media make you experience negative effects” while other
respondents disagreed with the percentage of 10 % and with the percentage of 40% of

respondents being neutral.

Yes No

Question # 3 5 5
5 1
×100=50 % ×100=1 0 %
10 10

Table 3: Question # 3

Figure 3
 Figure 3: In this figure, it represents that 50% of the respondents answered (yes) to the

question “do you manage your time correctly when using social media” with another

50% of percentage, who answered (no) representing that the answer of the respondents

are neutral.

Table 4: Question # 4

1-3 Hours 4-6 Hours 7-8 Hours More than 8

hours

Question # 4 0 0 3 7

0 0 3 7
×100=0 % ×100=0 % ×100=30 % ×100=70 %
10 10 10 10

Figure 4
Figure 4: In this figure, it represents that 70% of the respondents answered (more than 8

hours) to the question “how many hours do you use social media in a day” with another 30%

of percentage in (7-8 hours) usage of social media in a day.

Table 5: Question # 5

Definitely Definitely Not Not at all helpful

Question # 5 10 0 0
10 0 0
×100=100 % ×100=0 % ×100=0 %
10 10 10

Figure 5
Figure 5: In this figure, it represents that 100% of the respondents (definitely) agreed to the

question “does the social media help you to learn and gain information” agreeing that it did

help us and give information just by using it. Hence, no one answered with percentage of

0% that social media wasn’t helpful and does not give information

Table 6: Question # 6

Yes No Maybe

Question # 6 8 2 0
8 2 0
×100=80 % ×100=2 0 % ×100=0 %
10 10 10

Figure 6
Figure 6: In this figure, it represents that 80% of the respondents answered (yes) to the

question “do you think there are strategies in order to overcome the negative effects” with

another 20% of percentage who answered (maybe) on overcoming the negative effects of

social media.

Bar Graph 1: Question # 7

Bar Graph 1: In this bar graph, it represents that 90% of the respondents agreed on (time

management) in the question “what are the ways or strategies that you think will help us

in order to overcome the excessive use of social media” with the same percentage of 90%

to (try other activities such as sports and hobbies), 50% on (spending time with your

family) and lastly, 40% on (eating on time).

 Yes No Maybe

Question # 8 5 2 3
5 2 3
×100=50 % ×100=2 0 % ×100=30 %
10 10 10

Table 7: Question # 8

Figure 8

Do you think social media is very beneficial to us?

30% yes no

50%
maybe

20%

Figure 8: In this figure, it represents that 50% of the respondents answered (yes) to the

question “do you think social media is very beneficial to us” with another 30% of percentage

who answered (maybe) and lastly 20 % of percentage who answered (no) as social media

being not beneficial.

Table 8: Question # 9
 Definitely Definitely Not Not at all helpful

Question # 9 5 4 1
50 4 1
×100=50 % ×100=4 0 % ×100=10 %
10 10 10

Figure 9

Figure 9: In this figure, it represents that 50% of the respondents answered (definitely) to the

question “does the use of social media improve your self-esteem as a teenager or student”

with another 40% of percentage who answered (definitely not), and lastly 10 % of percentage

who answered (not at all helpful) when it comes of improving their self-esteem.

Table 9: Question # 10
 Yes No Not at all

Question # 10 6 3 1
60 3 1
×100=60 % ×100=3 0 % ×100=10 %
10 10 10

Figure 10

Figure 10: In this figure, it represents that 60% of the respondents answered (yes) to the

question “do you think using social media is very helpful in our everyday life” with another

30% of percentage who answered (no) and lastly 10 % who answered (not at all) that social

media is not helpful at all in our everyday life.

 Discussion

The results of the data gathered will be discussed in this section that are connected to the

research questions of this study: 

In the first research question, does the use of social media affect the mentality of

teenagers or student? The respondents agreed that the use of social media affects their

mental health. It was supported by the study of Chua, J.M. & Luyun (2019) it is stated

that most of the students have the same cases that social media affects and help them to

express their emotions. They find social media as an outlet for their emotions, for other

people use it to express their feelings whether it is positive or negative which makes them

feel relief. As well as setting up activities like a family reunion or family gathering which

helps them to be more connected with their family and relatives (Raganta & Vargas,

2021).

In the second research question, do the students experience negative effects when

using social media? The respondents answered that they experience or encounter negative

effects of social media. Many researchers have already proved the negativity of social

media based on their studies. Feder. K., et al. (2019) stated that individuals who use more

than three hours per day on social media "may be at heightened risk of mental health

difficulties, particularly internalizing disorders". While according to Pater and Mynatt

(2017) social media create disruptive and precarious behavior, that leads to a person's

emotional well-being particularly for teenagers and children.

 In the third research question, does the use of social media affect the time

management of teenagers? Yes, the respondents agreed that the use of social media

affects their time management as a teenager or student. Time management is very

important as a student. Excessive usage of social media can lead to internet addiction

affecting the health of a teenager (Entienza, 2021). It can affect their time on eating and

even the time that they should spend time with their family.

In the fourth research question, do the students or teenagers learn and gain

information when using social media? The respondents answered that the use of social

media is very useful to them. Despite the negative effects of social media, there are a few

positive effects of social media on the students such as helping them to express

themselves and keeping connections between family members away from home, sourcing

new information especially in their academic field (Raganta & Vargas, 2021).

Lastly, fifth research question. Are there any strategies or ways in order to overcome

the negative effects of social media use? Does the use of it improve the self-esteem of a

teenager? The respondents agreed that there are ways in order to overcome the negative

effects of social media. It includes time management, trying other activities or hobbies,

eating on time, and having time to spend with your family. Therefore, the use of social

media did boost the self-esteem of the respondents. Though there are few who disagreed

still, giving them confidence or self-esteem uplifted the results. According to Dr. Ken

Shore (2020), a student's self-esteem has a significant impact on almost everything she
does, on the way she engages in activities, deals with challenges, and interacts with

others. Self-esteem also can have a marked effect on academic performance. Low self-

esteem can lessen a student's desire to learn, her ability to focus, and her willingness to

take risks. Positive self-esteem, on the other hand, is one of the building blocks of school

success; it provides a firm foundation for learning.

Conclusion 

The researchers conclude that: 

      The use of social media affects the mental health of the teenagers or student. They

find social media as an outlet for their emotions expressing themselves more. Therefore,

excessive usage of it affects them the most. Internet addiction is one of the negative

effects of social media that can lead to depression and anxiety.

       The researchers alco conclude that in order to overcome the negative effects of social

media. Time management, trying other activities or hobbies, eating on time, and having

time to spend with your family are one of the ways or strategies in order to avoid using it.

       Lastly, the researchers also come up with a conclusion that the use of social media is

effective. Despite of the negative effects of social media, there are still positive effects

that it gives such as gaining self-confidence, communicating with other people, and

gaining information that can lead to a better academic performance.

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Patti M. Valkenburg, Adrian Meier and Ine Beyens. Social media use and its impact on
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Amy Orben, Livia Tomova and Sarah-Jayne Blakemore. The effects of social deprivation on

adolescent development and mental health. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (2021). 
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