" Weaving calculation
1. 1. Reed Count It is calculatedin stock port [Link]. of dents in 2 inches is
called Reed Count.
Reed Count = EPI/(1 + Weft crimp%age)
2. Reed Width Reed Width = Cloth Width *(100+ weft crimp%age)/100
3. Crimp Percentage Crimp %age = {(Warplength - Cloth length)/Cloth Length}*
100 Crimp %age = {(Warpwidth - Cloth width)/Cloth width}* 100
4. Cloth Cover Factor 1. 2. 3. Cloth Cover Factor = Wp.C.F +Wt.C.F. - {(Wp.C.F. -
Wt.C.F)/28}
5. Maximum EPI for particular count 1. 2. 3. 4. other design = (Ends /Repeat*
1/Yarn Diametre)/ (No of intersections/repeat+ ends/repeat) 5.
6. Warp Density o o = <350
2. o WeaveDensity = 50+{(Warp Density - 100) * F.D - 100} /{(Weft Density -
100)* F.D - 100} o Effective Weave Density = W. D x K of loom width x K of
Design = < 72 Wp / filling - K Loom Width - K Weave Design - K Cotton = 1.00
140 cm - 0.99 Plain1/1 = 1.00 Polyester/Cotton = 1.03 180 cm - 1.00 Twill 1/2 =
0.87 Viscose Filament = 1.17 190 cm - 1.01 Matt, Gabardine 2/2 = 0.82
Polyester Filament = 1.22220 cm - 1.02 Drill 1/3 = 0.77 250 cm - 1.08 Satin 1/4 =
0.69 330 cm - 1.15 360 cm – 1.20
7. To changethe count and the number of thread/ inch , keeping the same
denseness of fabric To changethe count without altering the denseness of the
fabric EPI in [Link]= (EPI in exp.Cloth2/EPIin given cloth) * count in given
cloth To changethe EPI without altering the denseness of the fabric
8. Warp requirement to weave the cloth o Warp weight in grams/metre =
{(Total Ends * 1.0936* 453.59* crimp%)/(840* count)} * wastage% o Weft
weight in grams/metre={(R.S. in inches * 453.59* PPI)/(840* count)} * wastage
% * crimp% o Cloth length in metreswith given weft weight=( weft weight in kgs
* weft count * 1848 * 0.9144)/(PPI* R.S in inches) For silk and Polyester
3. o Warp weight in grams/metre={(Total Ends * count (Denier) )/9000}*
wastage% * crimp% o Weft weight in grams/metre= {(R.S in inches *
count(Denier)*PPI)/9000}*wastage% * crimp% Allowance for count in bleached
and Dyed fabric [Link] becomes4% 2. FinerDyed counts become max 6%
Coarser
9. Fabric Production Calculation o Loom Speed = Motor RPM * (Motor Pully
Diametre)/(Loom PullyDiametre) o Loom EffeciencyPercentage= (Actual
Production/CalculatedProduction)* 100 o Moisture Regain Percentage=
{(YarnWeight - Dried Yarn Weight)/DriedYarn weight} * 100 o Moistue Content
Percentage= {(Yarn Weight - DriedYarn Weight)/Yarnweight} * 100 Type of Yarn
Moisture Regain % Moisture Content % Cotton 8.50 7.83 Jute 13.75 12.10 Silk
11.00 9.91 Rayon, Viscose 11.00 9.91 Wool 17.00 14.50 Nylon 4.20 3.78 10. o
Warp Weight in Kg = (Total Ends * Tape Length in metres)/(1693.6* Warp
Count) o Weft Weight in Kg = (R.S in centimetres * cloth length in metres *
PPI )/(4301.14*weft Count) o Cloth weight in GSM = {EPI/WarpCout)+(PPI/Weft
count)}* 25.6
4. o oz (ounce ) per sq. yard = GSM(Gramsper sq. metre)/34
[Link] To calculatethe length of any rolled fabrics, this
formula gives the nearest accuracy. L = {0.0655(D-d)(D+d)}/t Where L = Length
of material(Feet) t = Thickness of fabrics (inches) D = Outside diameter (inches)
d = Inside diameter (inches)
12. Weight of yarn in a cloth The weight of cloth manufacturedon looms
depends upon the weight of yarns in thewarp and weft: ends/inch, picks/inch
and the weight of size on the warp. Therefore, Cloth weight = Weight of warp+
Weight of weft + Weight of size (All inlbs.) Where as Weight of warp in lbs. =
(Total No. of Ends * Tape Length in Yards)/(840* warp yarn count) Als"
Spin plan
• 1. RING-FRAME:- R/F NO. = 1 Count = 30 TPI = 21.02 Speed = 15200 Effeciency
= 95% No. of spindle = 1008 No. of m/c = 27 Spindle speed * 60 * 8 * Effeciency
Production = TPI * 36 * 840 * Count * 2.2 15200 * 60 * 8 * 0.95 = 21.02 * 36 *
840 * 30 * 2.2 = 165.215 gms/spindle/shift Total production =
0.1652*27*3*1008 = 13489.4905 per day.
• 2. S/F Production required = 13489.4905/0.98 = 13764.786 per day. SPEED-
FRAME:- Count- 0.78 TPI- 1.24 Speed- 1140 Eff.- 90% No. of spindle- 120 No. of
m/c- 7 spindle speed * 60* 8*eff. Production = TPI * 36*840*Count*2.2
1140*60*8*0.90 = 1.24*36*840*0.78*2.2 = 7.653 kg/spindle = 918.436
kg/mc/shift.
• 3. No. of speed frame required = 13764.756 / 918.436 /3 = 4.99 Draw-frame
production required = 13764.786/0.98 = 14045.7 per day. DRAW-FRAME:-
Delivery speed 462.6 m/min T.D 1.10 Eff. 85% Sliver hank 0.1050 No. of m/c 5
Delivery speed*60*8*T.D*eff. Production = 840 * sliver hank* 2.2 462.6
*60*8*1.1*0.85 = 840*0.1050*2.2 = 1069.95 kg/shift.
• 4. No. of Draw-Frame required = 14045.7/1069.95/3 = 4.375 Comber
production required = 14045.7/0.98 = 14332.346 per day . COMBER:- Nip/min
400 Feed/nip 5.1 Lap weight(gm/mtr) 78 No. of head 8 T.D 1.1 Eff. 80% Noil%
18 No. of m/c 13 (nip/min)*(feed/nip)*(lap weight)*no. of head
*{(100-W)/100}*60*8*T.D*eff. Production = 1000 * 1000 =
400*5.1*78*8*{(100-18)/100}*60*8*1.1*0.8 1000 * 1000 = 440.912 kg/shift.
• 5. No. of comber required = 14332.346/440.912/3 = 10.835 Unilap
production required = 14332.346/0.98 = 14624.84 UNILAP:- Delivery
rate(m/min) 127 Lap weight(gm/mtr) 78 Effeciency 80% No. of m/c 2 Delivery
rate (m/min)*lap weight(gm/mtr)*60*8*eff. production = 1000
127*78*60*8*0.8 = 1000 = 3803.904 kg/shift.
• 6. No. of unilap required = 14624.84/3803.904/3 = 1.281 Production required
D/F = 14624.84/0.98 = 14923.306 per day. DRAW-FRAME:- Delivery speed 822
m/min T.D 1.1 Effeciency 80% Sliver hank 0.1020 No. of m/c 2 Delivery
speed*60*8*T.D*eff. Production = 840 * sliver hank* 2.2 = 822*60*8*1.1*0.80
840*0.1020*2.2 = 1842.016 kg/shift.
• 7. No. of draw-frame required = 14923.306/1842.016/3 = 2.7005 Card
production required = 14923.306/0.98 = 15227.863 per day. CARD:- Delivery
rate 174 m/min Sliver weight 5.02 Effeciency 99% No. of m/c 18 Delivery rate
(m/min)*lap weight(gm/mtr)*60*8*eff. production = 1000
174*5.02*60*8*0.99 = 1000 = 415.0776 No. of card required =
15227.863/415.077/3 = 12.228 B/R production required = 15227.863/0.98 =
15538.635 per day.
How to Land that First Customer
• by simply offering a hand HOW TO LAND THAT 1st CUSTOMER
• You’ve made a product/service that you think will solve a problem
• You’ve made a product/service that you think will solve a problem You’ve
identified a few prospects who you think face that problem
• You’ve made a product/service that you think will solve a problem You’ve
identified a few prospects who you think face that problem You’ve sent them
an email or called them to explain your solution
• You’ve made a product/service that you think will solve a problem You’ve
identified a few prospects who you think face that problem You’ve sent them
an email or called them to explain your solution They’re hesitant. They don’t
trust you. You receive a rejection.
• WHAT WENT WRONG?
• THEIR PROBLEM
• YOUR PRODUCT THEIR PROBLEM
• Your customer has to make a too big of a mind leap to get on the same page
as you
• Your customer has to make a too big of a mind leap to get on the same page
as you In your mind your product/service is only a signup page away from
solving their problem
• Your customer has to make a too big of a mind leap to get on the same page
as you In your mind your product/service is only a signup page away from
solving their problem In their mind they first have to understand your product
in their context, get management approval, convince their team, evaluate the
alternatives, think how it will affect existing processes, calculate the budget,
determine your reliability, etc.
• FLOOWN IS THE BEST WAY FOR TEAMS TO WORK TOGETHER Discover why!
Sign up. It’s Free • Share & Synchronize • Filter Smartly • Book Directly More
info
• HOW TO LEAPFROG?
• JUST A PIECE
• Start by offering the most simple and basic help you can. Just a little piece of
your entire product.
• Start by offering the most simple and basic help you can. Just a little piece of
your entire product. Your product is a high-end bicycle?
• Start by offering the most simple and basic help you can. Just a little piece of
your entire product. Your product is a high-end bicycle? Offer them a little
catalogue explaining what to look for when buying bicycles. Or a guide that
helps people to look after bicycles.
• Start by offering the most simple and basic help you can. Just a little piece of
your entire product. Your product is a high-end bicycle? Offer them a little
catalogue explaining what to look for when buying bicycles. Or a guide that
helps people to look after bicycles. Offer it for free. No strings attached.
• THANKS! YOU SEEM LIKE NICE PEOPLE
• WHEN THE DOOR IS OPENED… ENTER
• The key is to build trust.
• The key is to build trust. Show them you understand they have a complex
problem in their mind.
• The key is to build trust. Show them you understand they have a complex
problem in their mind. Learning from their situation is your goal. Ask about the
possible solutions they have already tried, or wish they could try. What would
be their dream solution?
• CLASS IS IN SESSION
• NOW LEVEL WITH THEM
• "You’re facing that issue and think this might be the right solution.
• "You’re facing that issue and think this might be the right solution. We’ve
thought about that same issue and considered the following options.
• "You’re facing that issue and think this might be the right solution. We’ve
thought about that same issue and considered the following options. According
to us this might be the best solution to that issue. It touches upon this, that and
that point of your solution, but differs there, there and here.
• "You’re facing that issue and think this might be the right solution. We’ve
thought about that same issue and considered the following options. According
to us this might be the best solution to that issue. It touches upon this, that and
that point of your solution, but differs there, there and here. What do you
think?"
• MEETING OF MINDS
• Together you come up with the solution.
• Together you come up with the solution. You explain what your product of
service can and can’t. And what you can add or can’t.
• Together you come up with the solution. You explain what your product of
service can and can’t. And what you can add or can’t. You also explain again
why your product is the way it is and what considerations you’ve made.
• Together you come up with the solution. You explain what your product of
service can and can’t. And what you can add or can’t. You also explain again
why your product is the way it is and what considerations you’ve made. They
decide if they think your solution is good enough. And if they trust you well
enough to know best.
• SUDDENLY THAT MIND LEAP IS NOT SO BIG ANYMORE
• THEIR PROBLEM
• YOUR PRODUCTTHEIR PROBLEM
• To summarize:
• To summarize: Identify customers who experience the problem you are
trying to solve
• To summarize: Identify customers who experience the problem you are
trying to solve Offer them a helping hand for free (DON’T INTRODUCE YOUR
PRODUCT JUST YET)
• To summarize: Identify customers who experience the problem you are
trying to solve Offer them a helping hand for free (DON’T INTRODUCE YOUR
PRODUCT JUST YET) Wait for the invite. And listen, listen, listen.
• To summarize: Identify customers who experience the problem you are
trying to solve Offer them a helping hand for free (DON’T INTRODUCE YOUR
PRODUCT JUST YET) Wait for the invite. And listen, listen, listen. Level with the
customer. What’s their wish, what can you offer. Introduce your product.
• thomas@[Link] GO!It’s the smart thing to do LETTERS FROM business
tips, practical guides, lessons learned + lot’s of fun
Tutorial more calcuation
• 1. Tutorial Calculation A) Circular Knitting Find out the production rate
(kg/hour) for the following knitted structure on a fine gauge circular knitting
machine. Knitted structure Plain Fabric Weight 120 g/m Courses per centimeter
18 Number of feeders 100 Machine speed 30 rpm Working efficiency 90% B)
Flat-bed Knitting Calculate the production rate (pieces/hour) for the following
knitted structures of a V-bed knitting machine using different number of
feeders. Knitted structure Plain Courses per piece 250 courses Number of cam
systems 3 No of strokes per minute 25 Working efficiency 90% Find out the
production rate (pieces/hour) if a) only use ONE feeder per stroke; and b) Two
feeders per stroke.
• 2. Answer A) Circular Knitting Production (courses/hour) = 100 x 30 x 60 x 0.9
=162,000 courses/hour Production (meters/hour) = 162,000 / (18 x 100) = 90
meters/hour Production (kg /hour) = 90 x 120 g/m /1000 = 10.8 kg/hour B) Flat
Bed Knitting One feeder production: One stroke = TWO courses Production
(courses/hour) = 25 x 2 x 60 x 0.9 = 2700 courses/hour Production (pieces
/hour) = 2700/250 = 10.8 pieces/hour TWO feeder production Production
(courses/hour) = 25 x 2 x2 x 60 x 0.9 = 5400 courses/hour Production (pieces/
hour) =5400/250 =21.6 pieces/hour
• 3. Knitting Instruction for Flat-bed Machine Apart from production calculation
(pieces/hour) on V-bed machine, one of the key elements for the knitting
factory (sweater factory) is to prepare knitting instruction. What is knitting
instruction? Knitting instruction is the statement used to knit the garment parts
and expressed in terms of courses (fabric length), needles width (fabric width)
and fashioning frequencies. In other words, if a fabric piece is given with how
many inches in length and width, you need to find out the correct number of
courses to produce the required length and correct number of needles width to
produce the required fabric width. A swatch (a small piece of fabric) in correct
knitting instruction and knitting tension is normally prepared before bulk
production. One of the common methods used by industry to determine the
stitch tension is to stretch the fabric course wise to its utmost limits manually
and measure the dimension of 10 wales board. Example Find out the widening
(Part A in diagram) and narrowing (Part B in the diagram) of the sleeve panel as
shown. Given
• 4. Wales per inch : 8 Courses per inch : 6 No. of needles at bottom : 64
needles Height of A = 13 inches Height of B = 3 inches Fabric narrowing by 2
needles each time on each side Each small square is 1 square inch. A) Widening
(for each side) of A: Number of needles to be added (on each side) ((16 x 8) –
64) /2 = 32 needles (width) Number of turns for widening: 13 inches x 6 = 72
turns (height) 72 turns / 32 needles = 2 turns ……14 needles ie every 2 turns
add 1 needles for 32 times, we will have 14 needles left. ( 2 + 1 + 32 ….14) To
make such adjustment, we modify as follows: every 3 turns we add 1 needle for
14 times. The widening will have two parts: 2 + 1 + 18 (part 1) and 3 + 1 + 14
(part 2) Check : Part 1 we add 18 needles on 36 courses (2 x 18) Part 2 we add
14 needles on 42 courses (3 x 14) Total we add 32 needles (18 + 14) on 72
courses (36 + 42) B) Narrowing (on each side) for B No. of needles on each side
to be narrowed: (16-12) /2 x 8 = 16 needles Number of turns for narrowing: 3”
x 6 =18 turns If narrowing by 2 needles each time, number of times will be 16
needles/2 =8 Dividing 18 turns by 8 times = 2 turns…..2
• 5. which means 2 turns will be less if every 2 turns less 2 needles by 8 times
( 2-2-8). To make the adjustment, the last 2 turns will have 3 turns instead. The
answer should be 2-2-6 (Part 1) and 3-2-2 (part 2)
• 6. which means 2 turns will be less if every 2 turns less 2 needles by 8 times
( 2-2-8). To make the adjustment, the last 2 turns will have 3 turns instead. The
answer should be 2-2-6 (Part 1) and 3-2-2 (part 2)
