STUDENT: SADADDINOV AZIMBOY DATE OF SUBMISSION:
GROUP: 402 THEME: “Linguistics ”
TERM TRANSCRIPTION DEFINITION TRANSLATION EXAMPLE
SENTENCE
1 agreement [ə'griːmənt] the syntax of a natural moslashuv "In English,
language often requires agreement is
some words in a relatively limited. It
sentence to share occurs between the
certain grammatical subject of a clause
features, which can and a present tense
show up as changes in verb, so that, for
the morphology of the instance, with a
words. This is called third-person
agreement; the words singular subject
are said to agree in the (e.g. John), the verb
relevant feature(s) must have the -s
suffix ending. That
is, the verb agrees
with its subject by
having the
appropriate ending.
2 allophone [ˈaləfəʊn] any of the various allafon Allophones of the
phonetic realizations of same phoneme
a phoneme in a generally occur in
language, which do not different contexts
contribute to and never
distinctions of meaning. distinguish one
word from another.
3 anaphora [ə'næf(ə)rə] the use of a word such anafora English allows
as a pronoun that has various forms of
the same reference as a anaphora with
word previously used in verbs. For example,
the same discourse. in I wanted to finish
today, but I couldn't
do it, the words do
it refer to finish
today and hence can
be called anaphoric.
4 consonant ['kɔn(t)s(ə)nənt] a phone which is undosh tovush, harf British English
produced other by dialects is
allowing lung air to pronounced with
pass over the vibrating two opening
vocal cords and then consonant phones
freely out of the mouth, ([m] and [j] in IPA).
i.e. a phone other than a
vowel.
5 determiner [dɪ'tɜːmɪnə] the definite and aniqlovchi An English noun
indefinite articles plus phrase always
a small set of other contains at most
similar words (e.g. one determiner;
genitive pronouns) singular noun
which qualify nouns or phrases generally
noun phrases can be require exactly one
grouped as determiners. determiner.
6 diphthong ['dɪfθɔŋ] a sound formed by the diftong A diphthong sounds
combination of two like a rapid, blended
vowels in a single sequence of two
syllable, in which the separate vowels.
sound begins as one
vowel and moves
towards another
7 grapheme [ˈgrafiːm] the smallest meaningful grafema In English,
contrastive unit in a graphemes may be
writing system quite complex. For
example -tion
behaves more-or-
less as a single
grapheme in words
like function.
8 lexeme ['leksiːm] a basic lexical unit of a leksema Take off (in the
language, consisting of senses to mimic, to
one word or several become airborne,
words, considered as an etc.) is a lexeme, as
abstract unit, and well as the
applied to a family of independent
words related by form morphemes take
or meaning and off
9 lexicon [ˈlɛksɪk(ə)n] often used as a leksikon The lexicon of a
technical term for the person or group is
list of words and their all the words they
types which is used commonly use.
with a grammar.
10 mood [muːd] a category of the verb mayl Languages vary
or verbal inflections widely in their use
that expresses semantic of moods.
and grammatical
differences, including
such forms as the
indicative, subjunctive,
and imperative.
11 nasal ['neɪz(ə)l] a phone made by burun tovushlari In many languages
allowing air to flow out (e.g. French,
of the nose while Punjabi), there are
possibly stopping it in also nasal vowels,
the mouth. produced by
allowing air to flow
out of both the
mouth and the nose.
12 noun [naun] a word (other than a ot A more useful test
pronoun) used to is that a noun or a
identify any of a class noun phrase can be
of people, places, or replaced by a
things (common noun), pronoun, e.g. it or
or to name a particular her.
one of these (proper
noun).
13 number ['nʌmbə] a grammatical son Some languages
classification of words have dual number
that consists typically of as well as singular
singular and plural. and plural.
14 plural ['pluər(ə)l] (of a word or form) ko’plik The plural form of a
denoting more than one, word is the form
or (in languages with that is used when
dual number) more than referring to more
two than one person or
thing.
15 preposition [ˌprepə'zɪʃ(ə)n] a word governing, and predlog In English, there are
usually preceding, a lots of prepositions
noun or pronoun and for nouns and verbs.
expressing a relation to
another word or
element in the clause
16 phoneme ['fəuniːm] a minimally distinctive fonema English has two
set of sounds in a distinct phonemes,
language; sound which we can write
sequences which differ as /t/ and /d/, since
in a single phoneme can substituting one for
constitute different the other produces a
words. different word.
17 pragmatics [præg'mætɪks] the branch of linguistics pragmatika Pragmatics is also
that deals with the important to study
meanings and effects languages.
which come from the
use of language in
particular situations.
18 semantic [sɪ'mæntɪk] ['fiːʧə] a 'primitive' which a semantik xususiyat For example we
feature language processor might describe the
(human or computer) is meaning of words
assumed to be able to such as boy, man,
determine girl and woman in
independently of the terms of the
language system. semantic features
19 tense [ten(t)s] a set of forms taken by zamon The clearest
a verb to indicate the examples in English
time (and sometimes are the present and
also the continuance or past tenses.
completeness) of the
action in relation to the
time of the utterance
20 vowel ['vauəl] A phone which is unli tovush A letter of the
produced by allowing alphabet usually
lung air to pass over the pronounced using a
vibrating vocal cords vowel phone is also
and then freely out of called a vowel.
the mouth
