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Human Growth and Development

Human growth and development is a lifelong process that begins at conception and continues through all stages of life. It includes physical, emotional, social, and intellectual changes. There are several key stages of development: infancy is a time of rapid physical growth and development of motor skills; childhood sees continued physical and social development as well as the emergence of emotions; adolescence involves physical maturation and a push for independence; and adulthood encompasses career, family, and aging-related changes both physically and socially. Proper nutrition, environment, social interactions, and resolving psychosocial conflicts at each stage are important for healthy development across the lifespan.

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Kim Harold Salas
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226 views4 pages

Human Growth and Development

Human growth and development is a lifelong process that begins at conception and continues through all stages of life. It includes physical, emotional, social, and intellectual changes. There are several key stages of development: infancy is a time of rapid physical growth and development of motor skills; childhood sees continued physical and social development as well as the emergence of emotions; adolescence involves physical maturation and a push for independence; and adulthood encompasses career, family, and aging-related changes both physically and socially. Proper nutrition, environment, social interactions, and resolving psychosocial conflicts at each stage are important for healthy development across the lifespan.

Uploaded by

Kim Harold Salas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

HUMAN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

Human development is the pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and
continues through the lifespan. Development can be both positive and negative. Growth is an
irreversible constant increase in the size of an organ and size of a body. It also refers to increase
in mass and size of a body.
Growth is defined as an irreversible constant increase in size, and development is defined as
growth in psychomotor capacity. Both processes are highly dependent on genetic, nutritional,
and environmental factors.

TYPES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT


• PHYSICAL- body growth (ht & wt changes, muscle & nerve development, & changes in body
organs)
• EMOTIONAL- feelings (dealing with love, hate joy, pear, & excitement)
• SOCIAL- interactions & relationships with others.
•Eric Erikson psychoanalyst- developed & stages of psychosocial development
- States basic conflict must be resolved in each stage of development before a person can
development successfully.

STAGES OF HUMAN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT


INFANCY 1 year old the most dramatic.
• stages of change and growth.
• by the end of the first year. Of life, infants have tripled their weight.

2 months – roik From side to back 6-7 months – sits up unassisted


12 months – walks, understands simple conversation

Reflexes of Infancy
• moro reflex: “startle reflex” to loud noises
•Rooting reflex: touch the cheek, turns. Head to that side
•Sucking reflex: slightly touch lips, sucking motion.
• Grasp reflex: grasp objects placed in hand

EARLY CHILDHOOD 1-6 years old


• 20-24 months- learns to control bowel/bladder
- Explores world
2-3 years old – “temper tantrums” are common
-child becomes frustrated because. They can’t do things for themselves.

• 4-6 years old:


- muscle coordination develops
- Play “beside” really play don’t other children but “”with” them until about 6 years old.

PREADOLECENT YEARS/LATE CHILDHOOD -6-12 years old

•Physical growth rate increase


•Sexual characteristics to develop may begin
• children are able to understand abstract ideas such as morals,ethics
• They become more group oriented

ADOLESCENCE- 12-20 years old

• strives for independence

Males: 13-15
Females: 11-13
- Menarche 1st period

• most traumatic life stage


• They experience conflict when told to “grow up” but are reminded they are still children”
•Begins to make decisions and accept responsibility
• Seek groups of people of their own age and interest and peers become influence.
•Eating Disorder

EARLY or YOUNG ADULT YEARS 20-40 years old


This is the most productive age:
• careers
•child bearing

Stresses include:
•Careers
• marriage
• children.

Young adults are:


- more independent
- seek ways to contribute to society
 Social group moves away from peers and more towards people of the same interests and
ambitions

MIDDLE ADULTHOOD 40-60 years old


•physical changes gray hair, wrinkles, weight gain
• menopause cessation of the menstrual cycle

•Period of contentment:
- job stability
- Good health
- End

• Period of child rearing of crisis:


- Fear of aging
- empty rest syndrome
- loss of Job

EARLY MIDDLE ADULTHOOD development of:


• Cardiovascular Disease
- From increased BP, stress of job, marriage etc.

• Cancer
- Smoking, sun/chemical exposure

•Diabetes
-wt. gain, decreased activity/exercise

LATE ADULTHOOD = 60, O years until death old

•Physical condition continues to declined


• Decreased hearing
•Hair and bones become thin
 However, some people do not show signs of aging until their 70’s or 80’s.

•Emotional dealing adjustments involved with:


- retirement
- Death of a spouse
- Physical disabilities
- loss of independence

•Theses changes can lead to new social roles / relationships

Development:
• Cerebrovascular Accident
• Osteoporosis
• Dementia and Alzheimer’s
• Abuse and neglect

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