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Improper Integrals and Gamma Functions

This document discusses improper integrals, Beta and Gamma functions, and double integrals. It provides examples of evaluating various integrals involving these concepts. Some key points covered include: - Evaluating integrals involving Gamma functions and proving various Gamma function properties - Evaluating double integrals over different regions, such as circles, parabolas, hyperbolas, and changing the order of integration - Proving definitions and properties of the Beta function in terms of Gamma functions and integrals

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Nitish Debbarma
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63 views2 pages

Improper Integrals and Gamma Functions

This document discusses improper integrals, Beta and Gamma functions, and double integrals. It provides examples of evaluating various integrals involving these concepts. Some key points covered include: - Evaluating integrals involving Gamma functions and proving various Gamma function properties - Evaluating double integrals over different regions, such as circles, parabolas, hyperbolas, and changing the order of integration - Proving definitions and properties of the Beta function in terms of Gamma functions and integrals

Uploaded by

Nitish Debbarma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Improper Integral, Beta and Gamma function, Double Integral

1. Evaluate the followings


3 𝑑𝑥
a) ∫0 2
(𝑥−2)3
2 𝑑𝑥
b) ∫−2 𝑥2
𝑎 𝑑𝑥
c) ∫−𝑎 √𝑎 2−𝑥 2
1 𝑑𝑥
d) ∫−1 2
𝑥3
∞ 𝑑𝑥
e) ∫0
𝑥3
2. Prove that
a) 𝛤1 = 1
b) 𝛤(𝑛 + 1) = 𝑛𝛤𝑛 = 𝑛!
𝜋
c) 𝛤𝑛𝛤(1 − 𝑛) =
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑛𝜋
1
d) 𝛤 2 = √𝜋
3. Evaluate the followings
1
∞
a) ∫0 𝑒 −√𝑥 𝑥 4 𝑑𝑥
1 𝑑𝑥
b) ∫0 1
√𝑥 𝑙𝑜𝑔( )
𝑥
∞ 𝑥9
c) ∫0 𝑎𝑥
𝑑𝑥
∞ −4𝑥 2
d) ∫0 3 𝑑𝑥
1 1
e) ∫0 𝑥 𝑛−1 [𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( ) ]𝑚−1 𝑑𝑥
𝑥
∞
f) ∫0 √𝑥𝑒 −3√𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1 1 𝑛−1
4. Prove that ∫0 (𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑦
) 𝑑𝑦 = 𝛤𝑛
5. Prove that
𝜋
a) 𝐵(𝑚, 𝑛) = 2 ∫02 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑚−1 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑛−1 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
b) 𝐵(𝑚, 𝑛) = 𝐵 (𝑛, 𝑚 )
𝛤𝑚𝛤𝑛
c) 𝐵(𝑚, 𝑛) = 𝛤(𝑚+𝑛)
1 √𝜋𝛤2𝑚
d) 𝛤𝑚𝛤 (𝑚 + 2) = 22𝑚−1
∞ 𝑥 𝑚−1
6. Prove that 𝐵(𝑚, 𝑛) = ∫0 (1+𝑥)𝑚+𝑛
𝑑𝑥
1 𝑥 𝑚−1+𝑥 𝑛−1
7. Prove that 𝐵(𝑚, 𝑛) = ∫0 𝑑𝑥
(1+𝑥)𝑚+𝑛
8. Evaluate the following
1
a) ∫0 𝑥 4 (1 − √𝑥)5 𝑑𝑥
−1
1
b) ∫0 (1 − 𝑥 3 ) 2 𝑑𝑥
1
2
c) ∫0 𝑥 2 (2 − 𝑥)− 2 𝑑𝑥
1 1
d) ∫02 𝑥 3 (1 − 4𝑥 2 )2 𝑑𝑥
𝜋
e) ∫0 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛7 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝜋
f) ∫06 𝑐𝑜𝑠 6 3𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 6𝜃 𝑑𝜃
2𝜋
g) ∫0 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 (1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)4 𝑑𝜃
∞ 𝑥2 5𝜋 √2
9. Prove that ∫0 (1+𝑥 4)3
𝑑𝑥 = 128
𝜋 1 2
𝑑𝜃 (𝛤 )
4
10. Prove that ∫02 1
= 4√𝜋
√1− 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃
2

11. Evaluate the followings:


1 𝑦
a) ∫0 ∫0 𝑥𝑦𝑒 𝑥−2 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑔 8 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑦
b) ∫1 ∫0 𝑒 𝑥+𝑦 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦
2𝑎 √2𝑎𝑥−𝑥 2
c) ∫0 ∫0 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
2
1 √1−𝑦 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦
2
d) ∫0 ∫0 1−𝑥 2−𝑦 2

12. Evaluate ∫ ∫ 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 over the region enclosed by the circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 = 0, the
parabola 𝑦 2 = 2𝑥 and the line 𝑦 = 𝑥.
13. Evaluate ∫ ∫ 𝑥𝑦(𝑥 + 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 over the region enclosed by the parabola 𝑦 2 = 𝑥 and
𝑥 2 = 𝑦.
14. Evaluate ∫ ∫ 𝑥𝑦(𝑥 − 1)𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 over the region bounded by the rectangular hyperbola
𝑥𝑦 = 4, the lines 𝑦 = 0, 𝑥 = 1, 𝑥 = 4 and the 𝑋 −axis.
1 2−𝑥
15. Change the order of integration in 𝐼 = ∫0 ∫𝑥 2 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 and hence evaluate the same.
𝑦
8
16. Change the order of integration of ∫0 ∫ 4
𝑦−8 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦.
4
1 2−𝑥
17. Change the order of integration of ∫0 ∫𝑥 2 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦.
1
√1−4𝑦 2 1+𝑥 2
18. Change the order of integration and evaluate ∫0 2 ∫0 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦.
√1−𝑥 2 √1−𝑥 2−𝑦 2
1
1 𝑦
19. Change the order of integration and evaluate ∫0 ∫𝑥𝑥 (1+𝑥𝑦)2(1+𝑦 2 )
𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
20. Evaluate the followings:
𝜋
√𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 𝑟
a) ∫04 ∫0 (1+𝑟2 )2
𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃
2 2
1 √1−𝑥 2 𝑥𝑦𝑒 −(𝑥 +𝑦 )
b) ∫0 ∫√𝑥−𝑥 2 𝑥 2+𝑦 2
𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦
4𝑎 𝑦 𝑥 2−𝑦 2
c) ∫0 ∫𝑦2 𝑥 2+𝑦 2
𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦
4𝑎

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