Surgical Instruments Instruments
Instruments are classified by their function
– Cutting & Dissecting
– Grasping & Holding
– Clamping & Occluding
– Exposing & Retracting
– Suturing & Stapling
– Viewing
– Suctioning
Instruments Cutting & Dissecting
– Dilating & Probing
– Measuring
– Microinstruments
– Powered instruments
Cutting & Dissecting Knife Handles
Cutting instruments have sharp edges. Come in various
#7 #4 #3
They are used to dissect, incise, widths & lengths
separate, or excise tissue. Blades are attached
by slipping the slit
Most instrument sets will include #3
in the blade into the
and #7 knife handles & suture, curved groove on the
mayo, metz and tenotomy scissors. handle
Knife Blades Knife Blades
Blades with #10 are used for
numeric prefix of large skin incisions
“1” (e.g., 10, 11, #15 are used for
12, 15) fit #3 or #7 short shallow
handles incisions
Blades with the #11 are used for
numeric prefix “2” initial skin puncture
(e.g., 20, 21, 22, 23, of tiny deep #10 #15 #11
24) fit #4 handles incisions
Other Knife handles
Long handles are
used inside deep
incisions (e.g., open
abdominal cases)
Beaver knifes are
used for small
delicate cases
Scissors
Blades of scissors may
be straight, angled, or
curved
Tips may be pointed
or blunt, handles may
be long or short
Should be used only
for their intended
purpose
Straight Mayo (Suture) Scissors Bandage/Dressing Scissors
Curved Mayo Scissors
Tissue/Dissecting
Scissors
Metzenbaum Scissors Tenotomy scissors
Iris Scissors
Other cutting
Instruments
Ronguer Osteotome
Curette Freer Elevator
Rasp Grasping & Holding
Grasping & Holding Grasping & Holding
These instruments are used to Most instrument sets will include
grasp tissue and hold it in place kocher, allis, babcock, adson,
without injuring surrounding tissue, debakey forceps, sponge
tissues sticks & towel clips.
Forceps can be ringed or the
thumbed variety
Forceps Kocher
Allis Babcock
Sponge Stick Towel Clip
Adsons Tissue
Ferris Smith DeBakey
Russians Clamping & Occluding
Clamping & Occluding Clamping & Occluding
These instruments are used to Most instrument sets will include
apply pressure mosquito, crile, kelly, tonsil, peon,
Some clamps are designed to crush and right angle clamps.
the structure when applied
Others are noncrushing and are
used to occlude or secure tissue
Anatomy of a Clamp Mosquito
Crile
Kelly
Tonsil
Peon
mosquito crile kelly tonsil peon
Right Angle
Non-crushing Clamps
Bowel Clamp Vascular Clamp
Bulldogs
Exposing and Retracting
Exposing and Retracting Exposing and Retracting
Used to pull Soft tissue and muscle Most instrument sets will include
aside to expose surgical site small hand held , army-navy,
2 types: malleable, weitlaner, and
– Hand held
richardson retractors.
– Self retaining
Skin Hooks
Hand Held Retractors
Senn Cushing Vein Retractor
Volkman Army-Navy
Malleable (Ribbon) Richardson
Kelly Harrington
Deaver
Self Retaining
Retractors
Weitlaner Cerebellar
Gelpi Balfour
Bookwalter
Suturing and Stapling
Suturing and Stapling Suturing and Stapling
Needle holder sizes vary according Clip appliers place individual
to type of needle used staples, available in reusable and
Most instrument sets will have disposable
webster, crilewood, and mayo Disposable staplers
hegar type needle holders.
Webster
Needle Holders
Crilewood Mayo Hegar
Castroviejo Skin Stapler
Weck Hemoclip Applier Ligaclip Applier
Staplers
Viewing
Viewing Nasal Speculum
Surgeons can examine body
cavities, hallow organs, or
structures with viewing
instruments
Procedures may be performed
through them
Vaginal Speculums Rectal Speculums
Rigid Endoscope Laparoscopic Trocars
Laparoscopic Instruments Thorascopic Trocars
Arthroscopy Cannulas Cystoscopy Sheath
Camera & Light Cord Flexible Bronchoscope
Flexible Ureteroscope Proctoscope
Yankauer
Suctions
Frazier Poole
Uterine Dilators
Probes & Dilators
Uterine Sound Urethral Sounds
Lacrimal Duct Probe Vascular Tunnelers
Rulers
Measuring
Depth Gauge Total Hip Trials
Castroviejo Needle Holder
Microinstruments
Micro Scissors Bishop Harman Forceps
Powered Instruments
3Types
– Battery powered
Powered Instruments
– Air powered
– Electric powered
Stryker System 5 Midas Rex
Total Performance System
Arthroscopic Shaver
Minor Set
Major Set/Lower Tray
Major Set/Upper Tray Major Retractor Set
Handling instruments
Care & Handling of Instruments are placed firmly into the
surgeon’s palm in such a manner that it is
Instruments ready of immediate use.
Ringed instruments are handed with the box
locks closed.
Curved instruments are passed with the
curve in the direction of intended use.
To facilitate suturing the needle is
secured about 1/8 inch down from the
tip of the needle holder and about a
third of the distance from the eye or
swaged end
Care of Instruments Care of Instruments
During the procedure, Do not saline on
used instruments instruments.
should wiped with a Do not allow blood to
damp sponge or dry on instruments.
placed in a basin of Saline & blood can
sterile distilled water. damage instrument
surfaces causing
corrosion and pitting.
Care of Instruments Care of Instruments
Flush suction tips with Powered hand
sterile distilled water
periodically to keep
pieces and
lumens patent. batteries should
Flush all lumened not be immersed
instruments in liquid as this
thoroughly at the end could damage
of case to prevent
blood from drying internal
inside lumens. mechanisms.
