Western Art History Overview
Western Art History Overview
Determined by
history (time and place), by
the personality of the artists
as well as by the theory of art
HISTORY OF ART
PREHISTORIC ART
(25,000 to 3,500 BC)
Cave Paintings
NON-WESTERN ART
(Beginning 3,500 BC)
Egyptian, Chinese,
Indian, Islamic,
Philippine
WESTERN ART
(Beginning 600 BC)
European and American
HISTORY OF WESTERN ART
Based on the Development of Movements and
Styles of Art with emphasis on Painting
PHILIPPINE ART
Prehitoric Art
Indigenous and Folk Art
Religious Art and Secular Art
Romantic Realism
Abstraction and Modernism
Social Realism
Magic Realism
LECTURE 1.1
Styles of Classical Art
.
600
.
300
.
1400
.
1600
.
1800
MEDIEVAL ART
Beginning 300 AD
The noted
paintings are
the frescoes
by Giotto de
Bondone
Book of Kells, 800 AD FINEST WORK OF CALLIGRAPHY
Facade
of Notre
Dame
Cathedral,
1190-1240
Rose Window,
Notre Dame
Cathedral
RENAISSANCE ART
Beginning 1450
Revival of ancient Greek and Roman Art
Discovery and application of perspective
Applied chiaroscuro and sfumato
Triangular Composition
Religious and secular subjects
Patrons of art: The church
and wealthy families
The highest development of art in
the Western world.
Mannerist paintings
are those by El Greco
or Dominikos
Theotokopolus.
BAROQUE
Beginning 1550
Various subjects presented in highly
realistic way. Application of deep
chiaroscuro. Dominance of curve lines
to suggest motion.
Vermeer
The Milkmaid
1657
Vermeer
The Music
Lesson
Vermeer
The Scientist
Revival of Renaissance & Classical Style
Subject: Ancient Western society
Highly Realistic Representation
Technique: Deep chiaroscuro
Academic art and the Salon
Strict adherence to rules of painting
NEOCLASSICISM
Beginning 1700
.
1850
.
1905
.
1920
.
1950
.
1990
IMPRESSIONISM
The use of pale
colors and blur
outlines and the
lack of details
suggest motion.
Art is an expression of
the artist’s emotion.
Unnatural representation
Symbolic use of color
Dominance of curve lines and
distorted facial expressions
for emotional effect
Heavy impasto paints
EXPRESSIONISM
(Post-Impressionism)
Beginning 1880
Vincent Van Gogh
Edvard Munch
Paul Gauguin
POINTILISM (Divisionism)
Beginning 1885
EYE
PIXEL
(Picture + Element)
Computer Graphics
FAUVISM
Beginning 1900
ART NOUVEOU
Beginning 1900’s
CUBISM
Beginning 1905
Pablo Picasso
George Braque
Fernand Leger
Vicente Manansala
Mauro Malang Santos
Ang Kiokuk
PHASES IN PICASSO’S
PAINTING CAREER
1. Blue Period
2. Rose Period
3. Cubist Period
a. Analytic
b. Synthetic
Picasso
The Old
Guitarist
BLUE
PERIOD
Picasso
Olga
Picasso,
The Circus
Performers
ROSE
PERIOD
Picasso
The Circus
Performers
CUBIST PERIOD
Picasso, Les
Demoiseles de
Avignon, 1907
Picasso
Portrait of
Vollard
Picasso, Guernica, 1937
HISTORICAL PAINTING
About the bombing of the Spanish town of Guernica by German planes.
Also called Plastic Art, New
Plastic Art or Concretism,
this is a purely
non-objective painting.
It represents subjectivity
not objects, and
uses rectilinear shapes
and primary colors
DE STIJL OR
NEOPLASTICISM
Founded in 1917
Paintings by
Van Doesburg
Piet Mondrian
Theo van Doesburg
Rhythm of a Russian Dance
1918
Mondrian
Composition
with Red,
Yellow and
Blue, 1924
TRANSITION FROM
CUBISM INTO CONCRETISM
Picasso, The Bull, December 12, 1945
Picasso, The Bull, December 18, 1945
Picasso, The Bull, December 22, 1945
Picasso, The Bull, December 24, 1945
Picasso, The Bull, December 26, 1945
Picasso, The Bull, December 28, 1945
Picasso, The Bull, January 2, 1946
Picasso, The Bull, January 5, 1946
Picasso, The Bull, January 10, 1946
Picasso, The Bull, January 17, 1946
Mondrian, Tree
Mondrian, Tree
Mondrian, Composition
Mondrian, Composition
with Gray and Light Brown
Mondrian,
Composition with
Color Planes and
Gray Lines
Mondrian, Composition A
Mondrian
Composition
with, Red,
Yellow and
Blue
Mondrian
Composition
with Black
and Red
Mondrian
Composition
with Yellow
Patch
Modrian
Vertical
Composition
Modrian
Vertical
Composition
SUPREMATISM
Founded in 1915
Purely non-objective
Represents pure
subjectivity not objects.
Reduction into most
basic shapes and colors.
Painting becomes true to
itself, finally seen as what
it is—a painting
Suprematist paintings
by Kasimir Malevich
Malevich
Suprematist
Composition
Malevich
Suprematist
Composition
1914
Malevich
Suprematist
Painting
Malevich
Suprematist
Painting
Malevich
Suprematist
Painting
Malevich
Suprematist
Painting
Malevich
Eight Red
Rectangles
Malevich
Black, Red
Squares
Malevich
Suprematist
Painting
Malevich
Black and
Red
Malevich
Yellow
Rectangle
Malevich
Black Circle
Malevich
Red Square
Malevich
Black
Square
Malevich
White on
White
THE HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF ARTISTIC STYLES
DADAISM
Flourished in 1920’s
Marcel Duchamp
THE TRADITIONAL STYLES OF ART
DADAISM
Duchamp
LHOOQ, 1919
Fernando Botero
The Mona Lisa
after Leonardo,
1995
The Smoking
Mona Lisa
The Bona Lisa
The Avatar
Mona Lisa
Dark Lord,
Funny, Harry
Potter Mona
Lisa
Pirates of the
Caribbean Captain
Jack Sparrow
Mona Lisa
Vin Diesel
Mona Lisa
Rizalina
Nicole Smith
Mona Lisa
Paris Hilton
Mona Lisa
The Indian
Mona Lisa
The Arab Woman
Mona Lisa
Mio Akiyama,
Mio Lisa Mona Lisa
Marge Simpson
Mona Lisa
Miss Piggy
Mona Lisa
The Big Foot Mona Lisa
Leonardo, Last Supper
Poker Game Last Supper
Battle Galactica Last Supper
Superheroes, Justice League Last Supper
Lego Last Supper
Cartoon Characters Last Supper
Donkey Kong, Video Game Last Supper
Zombie Last Supper
READY-MADE ART
Flourished in 1920’s
Based on the
Institutional Theory.
Anything may be art.
Ordinary objects are put
in the context of art by the
artist’s authority
and power play.
Marcel Duchamp
Judy Sibayan
Judy Sibayan, From Rags to Riches, 1984
Art is a revelation of the artist’s
subconscious mind (Psychoanalysis)
Reaction to rationalism & romanticism
Emphasizes passion and imagination,
weird, fantastic and dream-like
presented in highly realistic way
ABSTRACT
EXPRESSIONISM
Beginning 1940’s
Jackson Pollock
William de Kooning
Jose Joya
Branch of
Action Painting
Mass of colors on
the flat surface
Mark Rothko
Gus Albor
COLOR FIELD
PAINTING
Beginning 1950
OP ART
Optical Art
Beginning 1960’s
Creates optical
illusion. The illusion
itself becomes the
reality in art
Bridget Riley
Victor Vasarely
Art taken from images in
popular culture such as
commercial labels and
mass products, comics
and cartoons
Roy Liechtenstein
Andy Warhol
Lichtenstein,
Wham, 1963
Lichtenstein, In the Car, 1963
Warhol
Campbell Soup
1962
Warhol, Large
Coca Cola,
1962
Warhol
Green Coca
Cola, 1962
LECTURE 1.4
Styles of
Postmodern Art
INSTALLATION ART
Beginning 1960’s
Tracy Emin
Christo Javacheff
Damien Hirst
Ai Weiwei
Medio Cruz
Louie Cordero
Ai Weiwei, Forever, 2014
Cordero, My We, 2011
Art is more the
idea conveyed by
the work rather
than the physical
product. Has an
scandalizing effect
on people, but,
this art made
them think.
CONCEPTUAL ART
Beginning 1960’s
Christo Javacheff
Antonio Mazoni
Yoko Ono Javacheff, Iron Curtain, 1961
Roberto Chabet
Manzoni, Artist’s Shit, 1961
The artwork is made up of 90 tin cans, each filled with 30 grams of human feces.
As CONCEPTUAL ART, this is interpreted in relation to Karl Marx idea of commodity
fetishism in highly consumerist society. One tin can sold for 124,000 pounds in 2007.
ENVIRONMENTAL ART
Beginning 1970’s
Robert Smithson
Christo Javacheff
Robert Berks
Greenpeace Philippines, Installation art made up of plastic and trash,
Shore of Naic, Cavite, 2017
NEW MEDIA ART
Beginning 1990’s
Pascal Dombis
Lito de Guzman
LECTURE 1.4
Styles of
Philippine Art
.
800 BC
.
1521
.
1900
.
1950
.
1970
Angono Petroglyphs
Cave paintings found in
a cave in Rizal Province
INDIGENOUS ART
Beginning 800 BC
Expressions of religious Manunggul Jar,
800 BC, Tabon
beliefs, and used for Cave, Palawan
rituals and ceremonies.
Decorative and
functional
Bulul, Igorot Art
SECULAR ART
Flourished in 1860’s
Miniaturismo
Style of Portraiture
Justiniano Asuncion
(1816-1901), Portrait of Letras y Figuras
Romana Carillo
Asuncion, Portrait
of Aguada Paterno,
1860
STYLE
Miniaturismo
Simon de la
Rosa Flores
Familia de
Quiazon
1860
Honorato
Lozano
(1821-1885)
Francisco
Garcia Ortiz
LETRAS Y
FIGURAS
Shows only
aspect of beauty.
Subjects are the
idyllic and exotic
rural sceneries.
ROMANTIC REALISM
Beginning 1920’s
Filled with forms of
light and shadow
Sometimes used for
tourism purpose
Fernando Amorsolo
Fabian de la Rosa
De la Rosa, View of Santa Ana
Shows
Filipino
CUture
MODERNISM
Beginning 1940
Victorio Edades
Vincente Manansala
Cesar Legaspi
Jose Joya
Hernando Ocampo
Manansala, Madonna Carlos Botong Francisco
of the Slums, 1950 Prudencio Lamarozza
Anita Magsaysay-Ho
Edades, The Builders, 1928
TRANSPARENT
CUBISM
Manansala
The Fruit
Vendor
Manansala
Marketscene
Manansala, Mother and Child
Manansala, Mother and Child
Manansala, Mother and Child
Mauro Malang Santos, Carabaos
Mauro Malang Santos, Antipolo
Kiokuk
Man of
Fire
Kiokuk
Dog Fight
Kiokuk
Dog Fight
Kiokuk
Dog Fight
Kiokuk
Dog Fight
Kiokuk, Fish
Kiokuk, Mother and Child
Lamaroza
Ecology Series
1978
Lamaroza
Ecology Series
1978
Lamaroza
Ecology Series,
1978
Magsaysay-Ho, Women with Birds of Paradise, 1982
Magsaysay-Ho, Women with Baskets
Magsaysay-Ho, Bountiful Harvest
Carlos, The First Mass
Carlos, Tinikling
Joya
Karate
ACTION
PAINTING
ABSTRACT
EXPRESSIONISM
Joya, Granadean Arabesque
Joya, Maranao
Ocampo, Genesis, 1969
Ocampo, Mutant Series, 1978
Albor
Upward
Duality
COLOR
FIELD
PAINTING
Albor
Doctrine
Albor
Untitled,
2007
Santos, Malumbay si Ina, 1983
With Marxist
orientation, the art
that depicted the social
reality in the country
during the Martial Law
years ruled by
Ferdinand Marcos
SOCIAL
REALISM
Flourished in 1970’s
Antipas Delotavo
Pablo Baens Santos
Onib Olmedo Santos, Malumbay si Ina, 1983
Al Manrique
Brenda Fajardo
Delotavo, Itak sa Puso
ni Mang Juan, 1978
Delotavo
Easterly
Wind
Cabrera From Larawan Series, 1974
Manrique, Bunong Balikat
Manrique, Untitled
Olmedo
Sakada
Fajardo
Sangandaan:
Nakasupot si
Samuel
Fajardo, Babaylan Healer
Fajardo, Mapisan si Mariya
Santos, Malumbay si Ina, 1983
Subject taken from
everyday lives of
people, and seen with
innocent and fresh
eyes that suggest
fascination with the
ordinary.
MAGIC
REALISM
Beginning 1980’s
Nestor Leynes
Antonio Mahilum
Araceli Dans Leynes, Mag-ina sa Tabi ng Duyan, 1984
Leynes, Duyan
Mahilum
Portrait of
a Boy
Mahilum
The Unfinished
Maria
Araceli Dans
Panganay
Araceli Dans
Gantsilyo
Araceli Dans, Still Life with Shells and Lace
LECTURE 1.5
Theory of the
Death of Art
VOMIT PAINTING
BREAST
PAINTING
Kyra Ayn
Varszegi
PENIS
PAINTING
Tim Patch
TONGUE
PAINTING
Ani Klicks
What else
to art?
THEORY OF
THE DEATH OF ART
Art has reached all of its possibilities.
It cannot be developed anymore.
ARTHUR DANTO
The End of Art
NON-ART
ART
Closed Concept
NON-ART The production of art NON-ART
has a limit. Everything in
art has already
been done.
NON-ART
ART
CONCLUSION