LEA 1

Law Enforcement Administration and Organization

(Inter-agency Approach)

BSCRIM 1st Year

Dioseng C. Escaran
Instructor

2021 PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY

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 Doc. Ref. No.: Lea 1
PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY Effectivity Date: Sep. 11, 2021
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Coron Campus Total Page No.:
Instructor: Dioseng C.Escaran
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Chapter 2:
Historical Development of Policing System in
the Worldwide Setting

Student Signature: Date Returned:

Vision Mission
An Internationally recognized university that provides relevant and Palawan State University is committed to upgrade people’s quality of life by
innovative education and research for lifelong learning and providing education opportunities through excellent instruction, research and
sustainable development innovation, extension, production services, and transnational collaboration

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 Lesson

2 EVOLUTION OF POLICING IN THE INTERNATIONAL SETTING

Learning Objectives:

At the end of this module, learners would be able to:

1. trace and summarize the historical background of policing in the worldwide setting;
2. identify key events and proponent of policing worldwide setting;
3. identify significant statutes in the development of policing system in the worldwide setting.

Let’s Explore:

Historical Development of Policing in the Worldwide and Philippine Setting

The term ‘POLICE’ was derived from the following:

● “POLITEIA” (Greek word) which means Greek word and used to describe the group of civil
officers governing the city and not necessarily the armed men guarding or policing the city.
● “POLITIA” (Romans) which means civil administration.

● “POLICE” (French) used it to those authorized people who enforce the law.
● “PULIS” - Filipinos further translated the term police in a way for it to be compatible in the
manner they pronounce and spell words (Timpac, 2013). An organizational process concerned
with the implementation of the objectives and plans, and internal operating efficiency of the
police organization (Timpac, 2013).
● Otherwise known as police in action, the cooperative human effort to achieve the purposes of
the Criminal Justice System.

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 EVOLUTION OF POLICING IN THE INTERNATIONAL SETTING

A. Anglo Saxon (Ancient England) Period – 600-1066 A.D.

POLICING FORERUNNER/PERSONALITIES CONTRIBUTION/DESCRIPTION

SYSTEM
Thanes Policing King Alfred the Great ● A type of internal police force where
System landowners throughout the
kingdom were responsible to police
their own territory.
Landowners were empowered to:

- arrest offenders and deliver

them to the King.
- settle civil litigations.

Frankpledge ‘TYTHINGMEN’ ● This policing system was carried

Policing System - Every male over twelve (12) out under a system of mutual
years old joined nine (9) of his pledge.
neighbors to form ● Policing responsibility lies on the
hands of the citizens.
TYTHINGMEN.
- They performed police works and
anyone who failed to join and
perform this duty was severely
fined.

Tun Policing ● This policing system required all

System male residents to guard the town to
preserve peace and order, protect
the life and property of the people
and suppress other factors
affecting peace and order.
● Tun was the forerunner of the word
“town”.

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Hue and Cry ● Complainant or victim will go to the
Policing System middle of the community and shout
to call all male residents to
assemble. Once heard, male
residents will automatically
assemble to go after the criminal
and apprehend him.

Royal Judge Royal Judge ● It started the identification of

System -conducts criminal criminals.
investigation and gives appropriate
punishment for the crime committed.

B. Normal Period – 1066-1285

POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/PERSONALITIES CONTRIBUTION/DESCRIPTION

Shire-Reeve King William Norman ● King Norman divided the
System kingdom into 55 military
districts known as Shire-reeves.
Shire – used to refer to a district.
Reeve – used to refer to the ruler
of the district who made laws,
rendered judgment, and imposed
penalties.

Court of the Tourn From the Court, 12 ‘ ● It settles a range of cases, more
TYTHINGMEN’ were selected to often dealing with petty offenses
hear serious cases. and civil matters.
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Court Leet ‘Master of the House’ ● The Normans established the
- The head of the court Court Leet which looked after
which was appointed by matters of purely local interest
the King. and petty village nuisances.
‘Comes Stable’
- also appointed by the King
to be responsible in
keeping peace and order in
a specific area.
- under the responsibility of
local officials who could
petition to remove him if he
did not perform his job
properly.
- Comes Stable became
Constable which is used to
day to refer to members of
the police force.
Legis Henrie King Henry I Imposed the following features:
 Law violations were classified as
offenses against the King.
 Policemen were considered as
public officials.
 The police and the citizens were
given the power to conduct arrest.
 Grand Jury was created to inquire on
the facts of the law.
Keepers of the King Richard of England (1195).  It requires the appointment of
Peace knights to keep the King’s peace.

 The knights were posted on bridges

and gates to check the people
entering and leaving the town or
cities.

Magna Carta (Great King John of England on June 15,  became a law upon the demand of the
Charter) 1215 Knights of the Round Table.
 It declared the following:
 No freemen shall be taken or
imprisoned, disposed,
outlawed, or bowed except by
legal judgment of his peers.
 No person should be tried for
murder unless there is proof of
the body of the victim.
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  There should be national and
local governments as well as
the national and local
legislation.

C. Westminster Period (1285-1500)

POLICING FORERUNNER/PERSONALITIES CONTRIBUTION/DESCRIPTION
SYSTEM/STATUTE
Statute of Winchester  It was enacted for law and
(1285) order.
- Watch and
Ward system
Statute of 1295  It began the closing of the
gates of London during
sunset.

 This started the observation

of the curfew hours.
Justice of the Peace  This was a position given to
a respected citizen, who
has the power to arrest,
pursue and imprison
offenders.
Star Chamber Court  a special court that tried
offenders against the state.
 Later on, it became both a
court of law to determine
civil rights and a court of
revenue to enrich treasury.

Keepers of the Peace King Richard of England (1195).  It requires the appointment
of
knights to keep the
King’s peace.
 The knights were posted on
bridges and gates to check
the people entering and
leaving the town or cities.

D. Modern Period
POLICING FORERUNNER/PERSONALITIES CONTRIBUTION/DESCRIPTION
SYSTEM/STATUTE
Night Watchmen or King Charles II in 1663  They were employed to
Bellmen be on duty from sunset to
sunrise.
Bow Street Runners Henry Fielding (1748) Thief Catchers
- Chief Magistrate of Bow  Later on, he formed the
Street in London. Bow Street Horse Patrol
whose duty was to patrol
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 the main roads thus
secure the travelers from
highway bandits.
London Metropolitan Sir Robert Peel (1829) - the world’s first modern
Police - Father of Modern organized police force.
Policing - later called Scotland Yard

E. French Police System

FORERUNNER/PERSONALITIES CONTRIBUTION/DESCRIPTION
King Louis XIV (17th Century)  He maintained a small central police
organization consisting of some 40
inspectors who, with the help of
numerous paid informants, supplied the
government with details about the
conduct of private individuals.
Officers de Paix (1791)  It was the origin of the term peace
officers.
Sergent de Ville (Servant of the City)  These were called the first uniformed
police officers
Other contributions:  Conceiving street signs
 Assigning house numbers
 Installing street lighting
 Creating emergency and rescue services
 Use of police ambulances
 Use of warrant card and ID signifying
authority to
 arrest.

F.American Police System

1. Rattlewatch
● It was organized in New York, Philadephia, and Boston which was similar to the night
watchmen in London created during the reign of King Charles II.
● They carried rattles while on duty to inform the public of their watchful presence.

2. Municipal Police Force

a. Night watch (1638) – Boston, Massachusetts

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 b. Rattlewatch (1658) – New York
c. Night watch (1700) – Philadelphia
d. Introduction of police regulation that “No watchman has the liberty to sleep”
(1722) – New Haven, Connecticut
e. It became a government policy that able-bodied males over 16 years old wre
required to serve without pay (1800).
f. Daytime police with pay (1833)
g. Full police New York City

3. State Police Force

a. Texas Rangers (1835)
b. State Constables (1865) – Massachusetts
c. Pennsylvania State Police (1905)

4. Federal Police Force

a. Post Office Inspection System (1829)
b. Investigation on crimes against the government (1861)
c. Detective forces (1868) were formed to investigate problems on revenue services,
immigration and smuggling.
d. In 1934, Federal government attention focused on lotteries, drug regulations, and
transportation guidelines.
e. Enactment of the Anti-White Slavery Act and Motor Vehicle Act (1910)
f. In 1934, National Kidnapping Act, Banking Act, and Racketeering Act were passed
by the United States Congress.

Let’s Try:

Enhancement Activity/Outcome:
1. identify at least five (5) historical concepts and provide its counterpart at present. (10 points)

HISTORICAL CONCEPT COUNTERPART

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 Example: Tythingmen Squad system – policemen will be assigned into
group of 10 led by a life coach in the PNP.

Let’s Measure:
Activity 1:

Multiple Choice.

Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet. (2points each)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the letter of the correct answer. (5 items; 2 points each)
He maintained a small central police organization consisting of some 40 inspectors who, with
1
the help of numerous paid informants, supplied the government with details about the conduct
of private individuals.Dismissal.
a. King Louis XIV (17th Century)
b. Sir Robert Peel (1829)
c. King Charles II in 1663
d. None of the above
2. Who is the father of policing system?
a. King Louis XIV (17th Century)
b. Sir Robert Peel (1829)
c. King Charles II in 1663
d. None of the above
3. What is the Greek word of Police?
a. POLICE
b. POLITIA
c. POLITEIA

4.It was organized in New York, Philadephia, and Boston which was similar to the night
watchmen in London created during the reign of King Charles II Non-government organization

a. Federal Police Force

b. State Police Force
c. Municipal Police Force
d. Rattlewatch

5. This policing system required all male residents to guard the town to preserve peace and order,
protect the life and property of the people and suppress other factors affecting peace and order
a. Hue and Cry Policing System
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 b. Tun Policing System
c. Royal Judge System
d. Shire-Reeve System.

References:

Internet
https://phconnect.ched.gov.ph/content/view/module

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