SQL for Beginners :: Learn Programming Academy

-- Section 3: Data Definition Language

-- 3.4 Creating the Coffee Store Database

SHOW DATABASES;

CREATE DATABASE coffee_store;

USE coffee_store;

CREATE TABLE products (

id INT auto_increment PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(30),
price DECIMAL(3,2)
);

SHOW TABLES;

CREATE TABLE customers

(
id INT auto_increment PRIMARY KEY,
first_name VARCHAR(30),
last_name VARCHAR(30),
gender ENUM('M','F'),
phone_number VARCHAR(11)
);

CREATE TABLE orders (

id INT auto_increment PRIMARY KEY,
product_id INT,
customer_id INT,
order_time DATETIME,
FOREIGN KEY (product_id) REFERENCES products(id),
FOREIGN KEY (customer_id) REFERENCES customers(id)
);

1
-- 3.5 Modifying Tables: Adding and Removing Columns

-- How to add and remove columns from a table.

USE coffee_store;

DESCRIBE products;

ALTER TABLE products

ADD COLUMN coffee_origin VARCHAR(30);

ALTER TABLE products

DROP COLUMN coffee_origin;

ALTER TABLE products

ADD COLUMN coffee_origin VARCHAR(30);

-- 3.6 Deleting Tables

-- How to delete tables from a database.

CREATE DATABASE example;

USE example;

CREATE TABLE test (

id INT auto_increment PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(30),
age INT
);

DESCRIBE test;
SHOW TABLES;

DROP TABLE test;

2
-- 3.7 Truncating Tables

-- How to delete tables from a database.

# CREATE DATABASE example;

USE example;

CREATE TABLE test (

id INT auto_increment PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(30),
age INT
);

DESCRIBE test;
SHOW TABLES;

INSERT INTO test (name, age) VALUES('Ben', 19), ('Simon', 28), ('Claire', 23);
SELECT * FROM test;

TRUNCATE TABLE test;

3
-- Section 4: More on Alter Table
-- 4-2 Creating our Test Database

CREATE DATABASE test;

USE test;

CREATE TABLE addresses (

id INT,
house_number INT,
city VARCHAR(20),
postcode VARCHAR(7)
);

CREATE TABLE people (

id INT,
first_name VARCHAR(20),
last_name VARCHAR(20),
address_id INT
);

CREATE TABLE pets (

id INT,
name VARCHAR(20),
species VARCHAR(20),
owner_id INT
);

SHOW TABLES;

4
-- 4-3 Add and Remove Primary Key

/*

-- SQL to add a primary key to a table:

ALTER TABLE <table name>

ADD PRIMARY KEY (<column name>);

-- SQL to remove a primary key from a table.

ALTER TABLE <table name>

DROP PRIMARY KEY;

*/

USE test;

DESCRIBE addresses;

ALTER TABLE addresses

ADD PRIMARY KEY (id);

ALTER TABLE addresses

DROP PRIMARY KEY;

ALTER TABLE addresses

MODIFY id int;

DESCRIBE people;

ALTER TABLE people

ADD PRIMARY KEY (id);

5
-- 4-4 Add and Remove Foreign Key

/*

-- How to add a foreign key to a table

ALTER TABLE <table name>

ADD CONSTRAINT <constraint name>
FOREIGN KEY (<column name>) REFERENCES <table name>(<column name>);

-- How to remove a foreign key from a table

ALTER TABLE <table name>

DROP FOREIGN KEY <constraint name>,
DROP INDEX <constraint name>;

*/

USE test;

DESCRIBE addresses;
DESCRIBE people;

^-- todo errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed"

ALTER TABLE people

ADD CONSTRAINT FK_PeopleAddress
FOREIGN KEY (address_id)
REFERENCES addresses(id);

ALTER TABLE people

DROP FOREIGN KEY FK_PeopleAddress,
DROP INDEX FK_PeopleAddress;

6
-- 4-5 Add Unique Constraint

/*

-- How to add a unique constraint to a column

ALTER TABLE <table name>

ADD CONSTRAINT <constraint name> UNIQUE (<column name>);

-- How to remove a unique constraint from a column

ALTER TABLE <table name>

DROP INDEX <constraint name>;

*/

USE test;

DESCRIBE pets;

ALTER TABLE pets

ADD CONSTRAINT u_species UNIQUE(species);

ALTER TABLE pets

DROP INDEX u_species;

7
-- 4-6 Change Column Name

/*

-- How to change a column's name

ALTER TABLE <table name>

CHANGE <current column name> <new column name> <data type>;

ALTER TABLE <table name>

RENAME COLUMN <current column name> TO <new column name>;

*/

USE test;

DESCRIBE pets;

ALTER TABLE pets

CHANGE species animal_type VARCHAR(20);

ALTER TABLE pets

RENAME COLUMN animal_type TO species;

ALTER TABLE pets

RENAME COLUMN species TO `animal type`;

8
-- 4-7 Change Column Data Type

/*

-- How to change a column's data type

ALTER TABLE <table name>

CHANGE COLUMN <current column name> <new column name> <data type>;

ALTER TABLE <table name>

MODIFY COLUMN <column name> <data type>;

*/

USE test;

DESCRIBE addresses;

ALTER TABLE addresses

CHANGE COLUMN city city VARCHAR(30);

ALTER TABLE addresses

MODIFY COLUMN city CHAR(25);

ALTER TABLE addresses

MODIFY COLUMN city int;

9
-- Section 5: Data Manipulation Language
-- 5-2 Inserting Data into Tables

/*

-- How to insert data into a table.

INSERT INTO <table name> (<column1>, <column2>, <column3>, ... <column_n>)

VALUES ('value1', 'value2', 'value3', ... 'value_n');

*/

USE coffee_store;

SHOW tables;

INSERT INTO products (name, price, coffee_origin)

VALUES ('Espresso', 2.50, 'Brazil');

SELECT * FROM products;

INSERT INTO products (name, price, coffee_origin)

VALUES ('Macchiato', 3.00, 'Brazil'), ('Cappuccino', 3.50, 'Costa Rica');

INSERT INTO products (name, price, coffee_origin)

VALUES ('Latte', 3.50, 'Indonesia'), ('Americano', 3.00, 'Brazil'),
('Flat White', 3.50, 'Indonesia'), ('Filter', 3.00, 'India');

SELECT * FROM products;

10
-- 5-3 Updating Data in Tables

/*

-- How to update a table name.

UPDATE <table name>

SET <column name> = <value>
WHERE <another column name> = <value>;

*/

USE coffee_store;

SELECT * FROM products;

UPDATE products
SET coffee_origin = 'Sri Lanka'
WHERE id = 7;

SET sql_safe_updates = false; # If true (default)

# may only be updated by key value.

UPDATE products
SET price = 3.25, coffee_origin = 'Ethiopia'
WHERE name = 'Americano';

UPDATE products
SET coffee_origin = 'Colombia'
WHERE coffee_origin = 'Brazil';

11
-- 5-4 Deleting Data from Tables

/*

-- How to delete data from a table.

SET sql_safe_updates = false;

DELETE FROM <table name>
WHERE <column name> = <value>;
SET sql_safe_updates = true;

*/

USE example;

CREATE TABLE people (

id INT auto_increment PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(30),
age INT,
gender ENUM('F', 'M')
);

DESCRIBE people;

INSERT INTO people

(name, age, gender)
VALUES ('Emma', 21, 'F'), ('John', 30, 'M'), ('Thomas', 27, 'M'),
('Chris', 44, 'M'), ('Sally', 23, 'F'), ('Frank', 55, 'M');

SELECT * FROM people;

SET sql_safe_updates = false;

DELETE FROM people

WHERE name = 'John';

SELECT * FROM people;

DELETE FROM people

WHERE gender = 'F';

SELECT * FROM people;

# noinspection SqlWithoutWhere
DELETE FROM people;

12
-- 5-4 Completing the Coffee Store Database

USE coffee_store;

INSERT INTO customers (first_name, last_name, gender, phone_number)

VALUES ('Chris', 'Martin', 'M','01123147789'),
('Emma', 'Law', 'F','01123439899'),
('Mark', 'Watkins', 'M','01174592013'),
('Daniel', 'Williams', 'M', NULL),
('Sarah', 'Taylor', 'F','01176348290'),
('Katie', 'Armstrong','F','01145787353'),
('Michael','Bluth', 'M','01980289282'),
('Kat', 'Nash', 'F','01176987789'),
('Buster', 'Bluth', 'M','01173456782'),
('Charlie', NULL, 'F','01139287883'),
('Lindsay','Bluth', 'F','01176923804'),
('Harry', 'Johnson', 'M', NULL),
('John', 'Smith', 'M','01174987221'),
('John', 'Taylor', 'M', NULL),
('Emma', 'Smith', 'F','01176984116'),
('Gob', 'Bluth', 'M','01176985498'),
('George', 'Bluth', 'M','01176984303'),
('Lucille','Bluth', 'F','01198773214'),
('George', 'Evans', 'M','01174502933'),
('Emily', 'Simmonds', 'F','01899284352'),
('John', 'Smith', 'M','01144473330'),
('Jennifer',NULL, 'F', NULL),
('Toby', 'West', 'M','01176009822'),
('Paul', 'Edmonds', 'M','01966947113');

SELECT * FROM customers;

INSERT INTO orders (product_id, customer_id, order_time)

VALUES
(3, 18, '2022-01-01 [Link]'), (6, 17, '2022-01-03 [Link]'), (7, 12, '2022-01-04 [Link]'),
(7, 17, '2022-01-04 [Link]'), (1, 13, '2022-01-05 [Link]'), (6, 5, '2022-01-06 [Link]'),
(6, 24, '2022-01-09 [Link]'), (6, 16, '2022-01-12 [Link]'), (4, 20, '2022-01-13 [Link]'),
(5, 19, '2022-01-14 [Link]'), (2, 8, '2022-01-17 [Link]'), (2, 5, '2022-01-18 [Link]'),
(5, 13, '2022-01-18 [Link]'), (7, 9, '2022-01-22 [Link]'), (6, 22, '2022-01-23 [Link]'),
(3, 4, '2022-01-24 [Link]'), (6, 8, '2022-01-28 [Link]'), (2, 7, '2022-01-28 [Link]'),
(3, 10, '2022-01-30 [Link]'), (6, 9, '2022-01-30 [Link]'), (2, 3, '2022-01-31 [Link]'),
(5, 10, '2022-02-02 [Link]'), (3, 22, '2022-02-06 [Link]'), (6, 16, '2022-02-11 [Link]'),
(2, 24, '2022-02-14 [Link]'), (7, 3, '2022-02-15 [Link]'), (4, 14, '2022-02-17 [Link]'),
(3, 16, '2022-02-18 [Link]'), (1, 24, '2022-02-18 [Link]'), (5, 14, '2022-02-26 [Link]'),
(3, 6, '2022-02-27 [Link]'), (5, 20, '2022-03-04 [Link]'), (5, 13, '2022-03-04 [Link]'),
(5, 16, '2022-03-05 [Link]'), (6, 9, '2022-03-06 [Link]'), (1, 22, '2022-03-10 [Link]'),
(5, 14, '2022-03-12 [Link]'), (4, 20, '2022-03-13 [Link]'), (3, 3, '2022-03-13 [Link]'),
(5, 6, '2022-03-14 [Link]'), (2, 6, '2022-03-16 [Link]'), (5, 18, '2022-03-16 [Link]'),
(1, 21, '2022-03-17 [Link]'), (3, 17, '2022-03-18 [Link]'), (1, 10, '2022-03-19 [Link]'),
(2, 18, '2022-03-19 [Link]'), (2, 16, '2022-03-20 [Link]'), (5, 21, '2022-03-22 [Link]'),
(6, 18, '2022-03-23 [Link]'), (7, 12, '2022-03-25 [Link]'), (2, 16, '2022-03-30 [Link]'),
(4, 19, '2022-03-31 [Link]'), (5, 18, '2022-04-04 [Link]'), (1, 17, '2022-04-04 [Link]'),
(7, 20, '2022-04-05 [Link]'), (2, 3, '2022-04-06 [Link]'), (3, 10, '2022-04-08 [Link]'),
(5, 12, '2022-04-11 [Link]'), (5, 18, '2022-04-13 [Link]'), (1, 16, '2022-04-15 [Link]'),

13
 (1, 11, '2022-04-15 [Link]'), (4, 12, '2022-04-16 [Link]'), (6, 18, '2022-05-02 [Link]'),
(3, 22, '2022-05-13 [Link]'), (3, 14, '2022-05-19 [Link]'), (6, 2, '2022-05-19 [Link]'),
(3, 12, '2022-05-30 [Link]'), (6, 15, '2022-06-04 [Link]'), (7, 23, '2022-06-10 [Link]'),
(4, 18, '2022-06-11 [Link]'), (5, 10, '2022-06-14 [Link]'), (4, 24, '2022-06-14 [Link]'),
(2, 4, '2022-06-14 [Link]'), (3, 18, '2022-06-15 [Link]'), (1, 11, '2022-06-15 [Link]'),
(4, 4, '2022-06-16 [Link]'), (6, 20, '2022-06-19 [Link]'), (7, 3, '2022-06-20 [Link]'),
(5, 19, '2022-06-21 [Link]'), (1, 24, '2022-06-24 [Link]'), (5, 13, '2022-06-24 [Link]'),
(5, 3, '2022-06-27 [Link]'), (2, 8, '2022-06-30 [Link]'), (1, 12, '2022-07-01 [Link]'),
(5, 4, '2022-07-03 [Link]'), (7, 18, '2022-07-05 [Link]'), (1, 18, '2022-07-08 [Link]'),
(4, 14, '2022-07-13 [Link]'), (4, 1, '2022-07-18 [Link]'), (7, 4, '2022-07-18 [Link]'),
(7, 5, '2022-07-21 [Link]'), (7, 18, '2022-07-24 [Link]'), (5, 23, '2022-07-25 [Link]'),
(1, 3, '2022-07-26 [Link]'), (1, 24, '2022-07-28 [Link]'), (7, 20, '2022-08-07 [Link]'),
(2, 14, '2022-08-08 [Link]'), (7, 24, '2022-08-12 [Link]'), (3, 10, '2022-08-13 [Link]'),
(6, 8, '2022-08-20 [Link]'), (7, 10, '2022-08-21 [Link]'), (1, 5, '2022-08-24 [Link]'),
(6, 14, '2022-08-25 [Link]'), (2, 20, '2022-08-29 [Link]'), (2, 12, '2022-08-31 [Link]'),
(1, 1, '2022-09-03 [Link]'), (6, 13, '2022-09-05 [Link]'), (6, 14, '2022-09-06 [Link]'),
(1, 1, '2022-09-08 [Link]'), (7, 13, '2022-09-12 [Link]'), (1, 1, '2022-09-14 [Link]'),
(3, 16, '2022-09-15 [Link]'), (6, 4, '2022-09-15 [Link]'), (2, 4, '2022-09-17 [Link]'),
(2, 7, '2022-09-23 [Link]'), (7, 8, '2022-09-25 [Link]'), (2, 21, '2022-09-26 [Link]'),
(6, 15, '2022-09-28 [Link]'), (7, 12, '2022-09-29 [Link]'), (5, 14, '2022-09-29 [Link]'),
(7, 23, '2022-10-01 [Link]'), (1, 5, '2022-10-01 [Link]'), (2, 3, '2022-10-10 [Link]'),
(2, 9, '2022-10-10 [Link]'), (7, 7, '2022-10-12 [Link]'), (6, 22, '2022-10-12 [Link]'),
(1, 7, '2022-10-13 [Link]'), (3, 12, '2022-10-14 [Link]'), (5, 17, '2022-10-15 [Link]'),
(5, 24, '2022-10-15 [Link]'), (2, 3, '2022-10-15 [Link]'), (7, 5, '2022-10-16 [Link]'),
(3, 5, '2022-10-18 [Link]'), (3, 15, '2022-10-24 [Link]'), (6, 18, '2022-10-29 [Link]'),
(7, 21, '2022-10-31 [Link]'), (3, 14, '2022-11-01 [Link]'), (4, 11, '2022-11-04 [Link]'),
(6, 14, '2022-11-04 [Link]'), (3, 23, '2022-11-04 [Link]'), (6, 20, '2022-11-12 [Link]'),
(5, 5, '2022-11-16 [Link]'), (2, 13, '2022-11-18 [Link]'), (2, 14, '2022-11-20 [Link]'),
(7, 24, '2022-11-25 [Link]'), (5, 7, '2022-11-29 [Link]'), (6, 7, '2022-12-03 [Link]'),
(3, 9, '2022-12-04 [Link]'), (2, 19, '2022-12-05 [Link]'), (6, 15, '2022-12-07 [Link]'),
(2, 16, '2022-12-13 [Link]'), (1, 22, '2022-12-14 [Link]'), (4, 24, '2022-12-16 [Link]'),
(2, 17, '2022-12-18 [Link]'), (1, 13, '2022-12-18 [Link]'), (1, 20, '2022-12-18 [Link]'),
(2, 16, '2022-12-20 [Link]'), (5, 7, '2022-12-31 [Link]'), (2, 14, '2022-12-31 [Link]'),
(5, 15, '2023-01-01 [Link]'), (3, 22, '2023-01-01 [Link]'), (6, 19, '2023-01-08 [Link]'),
(3, 22, '2023-01-09 [Link]'), (3, 10, '2023-01-09 [Link]'), (7, 16, '2023-01-10 [Link]'),
(4, 3, '2023-01-11 [Link]'), (2, 20, '2023-01-12 [Link]'), (5, 21, '2023-01-13 [Link]'),
(3, 24, '2023-01-13 [Link]'), (6, 6, '2023-01-14 [Link]'), (7, 24, '2023-01-15 [Link]'),
(4, 2, '2023-01-17 [Link]'), (2, 19, '2023-01-17 [Link]'), (4, 18, '2023-01-19 [Link]'),
(3, 20, '2023-01-25 [Link]'), (1, 24, '2023-01-31 [Link]'), (3, 6, '2023-01-31 [Link]'),
(7, 19, '2023-02-01 [Link]'), (2, 10, '2023-02-05 [Link]'), (3, 19, '2023-02-09 [Link]'),
(3, 16, '2023-02-12 [Link]'), (2, 21, '2023-02-12 [Link]'), (2, 24, '2023-02-14 [Link]'),
(3, 5, '2023-02-15 [Link]'), (3, 9, '2023-02-16 [Link]'), (2, 20, '2023-02-17 [Link]'),
(4, 2, '2023-02-20 [Link]'), (7, 3, '2023-02-20 [Link]'), (6, 17, '2023-02-23 [Link]'),
(5, 12, '2023-02-24 [Link]'), (1, 1, '2023-02-25 [Link]'), (5, 12, '2023-02-25 [Link]'),
(3, 2, '2023-02-26 [Link]'), (4, 10, '2023-02-27 [Link]'), (7, 18, '2023-03-01 [Link]'),
(6, 22, '2023-03-03 [Link]'), (2, 20, '2023-03-07 [Link]'), (4, 10, '2023-03-08 [Link]'),
(7, 13, '2023-03-11 [Link]'), (1, 23, '2023-03-12 [Link]'), (1, 8, '2023-03-13 [Link]'),
(3, 6, '2023-03-16 [Link]'), (4, 16, '2023-03-17 [Link]'), (5, 18, '2023-03-17 [Link]'),
(7, 2, '2023-03-25 [Link]'), (1, 9, '2023-03-26 [Link]'), (1, 21, '2023-03-30 [Link]'),
(3, 18, '2023-04-06 [Link]'), (5, 18, '2023-04-11 [Link]'), (2, 2, '2023-04-12 [Link]'),
(4, 23, '2023-04-15 [Link]'), (6, 8, '2023-04-16 [Link]'), (1, 1, '2023-04-20 [Link]'),
(1, 3, '2023-04-25 [Link]'), (2, 12, '2023-04-27 [Link]'), (5, 16, '2023-04-28 [Link]'),
(7, 22, '2023-04-29 [Link]'), (1, 23, '2023-04-29 [Link]'), (2, 3, '2023-04-30 [Link]'),
(3, 15, '2023-04-30 [Link]');

SELECT * FROM orders;

SELECT * FROM products;

SELECT * FROM customers;

14
-- Section 6: Selecting from a Table
-- 6-2 SELECT Statement

/*

-- How to select columns and matching elements from a table.

SELECT <column name> FROM <table>;

SELECT <column name>, <column name>, ... FROM <table>;

SELECT <column name> FROM <table>

WHERE <column name> = <value>
AND <column name> = <value>

SELECT <column name> FROM <table>

WHERE <column name> = <value>
OR <column name> = <value>;

*/

USE coffee_store;

SELECT * FROM customers;

SELECT last_name FROM customers;

SELECT last_name, phone_number FROM customers;

-- 6-3 WHERE Clause

USE coffee_store;

SELECT * FROM products;

SELECT * FROM products

WHERE coffee_origin = 'Colombia';

SELECT * FROM products

WHERE price = 3.00
AND coffee_origin = 'Colombia';

SELECT * FROM products

WHERE price = 3.00
OR coffee_origin IN ('Colombia'); # Can use IN () instead of =

15
-- 6-4 Using Inequality Statements

/*

!= ... not equal to.

<> ... not equal to (i.e. greater than or less than).
> ... greater than.
>= ... greater than or equal to.
< ... less than.
<= ... less than or equal to.

*/

USE coffee_store;

SELECT * FROM products;

SELECT * FROM products

WHERE price != 3.00 # Either operand will work for notequal.
AND price <> 3.00;

SELECT * FROM products

WHERE price > 3.00;

SELECT * FROM products

WHERE price <= 3.00;

SELECT * FROM products

WHERE name < 'D'; # not case sensitive.

SELECT * FROM products

WHERE name > 'd'; # not case sensitive.

-- 6-5 Null Values

USE coffee_store;

SELECT * FROM customers;

SELECT * FROM customers

WHERE phone_number is null; # Must use is or is not

SELECT * FROM customers

WHERE phone_number is not null;

16
-- 6-8 IN and NOT IN

/*

-- How to select specific elements from a table.

SELECT * FROM <table>;

WHERE <column name> IN <value, value, ...>

SELECT * FROM <table>;

WHERE <column name> NOT IN <value, value, ...>

SELECT * FROM <table>;

WHERE <column name> BETWEEN <value> AND value>

*/

USE coffee_store;

SELECT * FROM customers;

SELECT * FROM customers

WHERE last_name IN ('Taylor', 'Bluth', 'Armstrong');

SELECT * FROM customers

WHERE first_name NOT IN ('Katie', 'John', 'George');

-- 6-9 BETWEEN

USE coffee_store;

SELECT * FROM orders;

SELECT * FROM orders

WHERE order_time BETWEEN '2023-01-01' AND '2023-01-31 [Link]';

SELECT * FROM orders

WHERE customer_id BETWEEN 5 AND 7; # Inclusive.

SELECT * FROM customers;

SELECT * FROM customers

WHERE last_name BETWEEN 'A' AND 'M'; # Last value not inclusive.

17
-- 6-10 LIKE

/*

-- How to match elements using wildcards.

% match any number of characters.

_ match just one character.

*/

USE coffee_store;

SELECT * FROM customers

WHERE last_name LIKE 'w%'; # Case insensitive

SELECT * FROM customers

WHERE last_name LIKE '%o%';

SELECT * FROM customers

WHERE first_name LIKE '%o%';

SELECT * FROM customers

WHERE first_name LIKE '_o_';

SELECT * FROM customers

WHERE first_name LIKE '_o__';

SELECT * FROM products;

SELECT * FROM products

WHERE price LIKE '3%';

SELECT * FROM products

WHERE price LIKE '3._0';

18
-- 6-11 ORDER BY

/*

-- How to order results by a column.

SELECT * FROM <table>

ORDER BY <column name>;

SELECT * FROM <table>

ORDER BY <column name>, <column name>, ...;

*/

USE coffee_store;

SELECT * FROM products;

# noinspection SqlRedundantOrderingDirection
SELECT * FROM products
ORDER BY price ASC;

SELECT * FROM products

ORDER BY price DESC;

SELECT * FROM customers;

SELECT * FROM customers

ORDER BY last_name DESC;

SELECT * FROM customers

WHERE last_name = 'Bluth'
ORDER BY last_name, first_name;

SELECT * FROM orders

ORDER BY order_time;

SELECT * FROM orders

ORDER BY order_time DESC;

19
-- 6-14 DISTINCT

use coffee_store;

SELECT coffee_origin FROM products;

SELECT DISTINCT coffee_origin FROM products;

SELECT DISTINCT coffee_origin, id FROM products;

SELECT DISTINCT coffee_origin, price FROM products;

SELECT DISTINCT customer_id FROM orders

WHERE order_time BETWEEN '2023-02-01' and '2023-02-28 [Link].999999'
ORDER BY customer_id;

SELECT DISTINCT customer_id, product_id FROM orders

WHERE order_time BETWEEN '2023-02-01' and '2023-02-28 [Link].999999'
ORDER BY customer_id;

20
-- 6-15 LIMIT

/*

SELECT * FROM customers

LIMIT `row_count`; # only return row-count rows.

SELECT * FROM customers

LIMIT `offset`, `row_count`; # return row_count rows, starting from row 5.

SELECT * FROM customers

LIMIT `row_count` OFFSET `offset`; # same as above.

*/

USE coffee_store;

SELECT * FROM customers;

SELECT * FROM customers

LIMIT 5;

SELECT * FROM customers

LIMIT 5 OFFSET 5;

SELECT * FROM customers

# LIMIT 12, 3;
LIMIT 3 OFFSET 12;

SELECT * FROM customers

LIMIT 10 OFFSET 5;

SELECT * FROM customers

ORDER BY last_name
LIMIT 10;

-- 6-16 Column Name Alias

USE coffee_store;

SELECT id, name, price, coffee_origin FROM products;

SELECT id, name AS coffee, price, coffee_origin AS country FROM products;

SELECT id, name coffee, price, coffee_origin country FROM products

ORDER BY country, coffee;

21
-- Section 7: Selecting from a Multiple Tables
-- 7-3 INNER JOIN

/*

-- Inner join syntax

SELECT <table name>.<column name>, ... FROM <table 1>

JOIN <table 2> ON <table 1>.<column name> = <table 2>.<column name>
WHERE clause, if needed
ORDER BY clause, if needed;

*/

USE coffee_store;

SELECT * FROM orders;

SELECT * FROM products;

SELECT [Link], orders.order_time FROM orders

INNER JOIN products ON orders.product_id = [Link]
ORDER BY [Link], orders.order_time;

SELECT [Link], o.order_time FROM orders AS o

JOIN products p ON o.product_id = [Link] # By default JOIN is INNER JOIN
ORDER BY [Link], o.order_time;

SELECT [Link], o.order_time FROM orders AS o

JOIN products p ON o.product_id = [Link]
WHERE o.product_id = 5
ORDER BY o.order_time;

SELECT [Link], o.order_time FROM orders AS o

JOIN products p ON o.product_id = [Link]
WHERE [Link] = 'Americano'
ORDER BY o.order_time;

22
-- 7-4 LEFT JOIN

USE coffee_store;

UPDATE orders
SET customer_id = Null
WHERE id IN (1, 3, 5);

SELECT * FROM customers;

SELECT * FROM orders
ORDER BY customer_id;

SELECT o.*, c.* FROM orders o

LEFT JOIN customers c ON o.customer_id = [Link]
ORDER BY o.order_time;

SELECT o.*, c.* FROM customers c

LEFT JOIN orders o ON o.customer_id = [Link]
ORDER BY o.order_time;

UPDATE orders
SET customer_id = 18
WHERE id = 1;
UPDATE orders
SET customer_id = 12
WHERE id = 3;
UPDATE orders
SET customer_id = 13
WHERE id = 5;

23
-- 7-5 RIGHT JOIN

USE coffee_store;

# Export to left_join.csv
SELECT o.*, c.* FROM customers c
LEFT JOIN orders o ON o.customer_id = [Link]
ORDER BY [Link];

SELECT o.*, c.* FROM customers c

RIGHT JOIN orders o ON o.customer_id = [Link]
ORDER BY [Link];

# Export to right_join.csv
SELECT o.*, c.* FROM orders o
RIGHT JOIN customers c ON o.customer_id = [Link]
ORDER BY o.order_time;

/*

Result of a comparison of left_join.csv and right_join.csv

$ diff -s left_join.csv right_join.csv

Files left_join.csv and right_join.csv are identical

*/

-- 7-6 Joining More than Two Tables

USE coffee_store;

SELECT * FROM products;

SELECT * FROM customers;
SELECT * FROM orders;

SELECT [Link], [Link], c.first_name, c.last_name, o.order_time FROM products p

JOIN orders o ON [Link] = o.product_id
JOIN customers c ON [Link] = o.customer_id;

SELECT [Link], [Link], c.first_name, c.last_name, o.order_time FROM products p

JOIN orders o ON [Link] = o.product_id
JOIN customers c ON [Link] = o.customer_id
WHERE c.last_name = 'Martin'
ORDER BY o.order_time;

24
-- Section 9: Creating a Cinema Booking System

-- 9-3a Create the Database

SHOW DATABASES;

CREATE DATABASE cinema_booking_system;

SHOW DATABASES;

25
-- 9-3b through 9-9 Create Tables
USE cinema_booking_system;

-- 9-3 Create Films Table

CREATE TABLE films (

id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
name VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
length_min INT NOT NULL
);

SHOW TABLES;

SELECT * FROM films;

DESCRIBE films;

-- 9-4 Create Customers Table

CREATE TABLE customers (

id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
first_name VARCHAR(45),
last_name VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL UNIQUE
);

SHOW TABLES;

DESCRIBE customers;

-- 9-5 Create Rooms Table

CREATE TABLE rooms (

id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
name VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL,
no_seats INT NOT NULL
);

SHOW TABLES;

DESCRIBE rooms;

-- 9-6 Create Screenings Table

CREATE TABLE screenings (

id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
film_id INT NOT NULL,
room_id INT NOT NULL,
start_time DATETIME NOT NULL,
FOREIGN KEY (film_id) REFERENCES films(id),

26
 FOREIGN KEY (room_id) REFERENCES rooms(id)
);

SHOW TABLES;

DESCRIBE screenings;

-- 9-7 Create Seats Table

CREATE TABLE seats (

id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
seat_row CHAR(1) NOT NULL,
number INT NOT NULL,
room_id INT NOT NULL,
FOREIGN KEY (room_id) REFERENCES rooms(id)
);

SHOW TABLES;

DESCRIBE seats;

-- 9-8 Create Bookings Table

CREATE TABLE bookings (

id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
screening_id INT NOT NULL,
customer_id INT NOT NULL,
FOREIGN KEY (screening_id) REFERENCES screenings(id),
FOREIGN KEY (customer_id) REFERENCES customers(id)
);

SHOW TABLES;

DESCRIBE bookings;

-- 9-9 Create Reserved Seat Table

CREATE TABLE reserved_seat (

id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
booking_id INT NOT NULL,
seat_id INT NOT NULL,
FOREIGN KEY (booking_id) REFERENCES bookings(id),
FOREIGN KEY (seat_id) REFERENCES seats(id)
);

SHOW TABLES;

DESCRIBE reserved_seat;

27
-- 9-10 Insert the Data

INSERT INTO films (name, length_min)

VALUES ('Blade Runner 2049',153),
('Dunkirk',106),
('Geostorm',121),
('Thor: Ragnarok',107),
('Jigsaw',116),
('The Death of Stalin',98),
('The Lego Ninjago Movie',101),
('Murder on the Orient Express',135),
('Paddington 2',88),
('Breathe',117),
('Blade Runner',127),
('Victoria and Abdul',112);

SELECT * FROM films;

INSERT INTO customers (first_name, last_name, email)

VALUES ('David','May','dmay@[Link]'),
('Theresa','Davis','tdavis@[Link]'),
('Jerry','Martin','jermar@[Link]'),
('John','Smith','smithy@[Link]'),
('Martin','Watkins','mwatto@[Link]'),
('Emma','Watson','itswingardiumleviosa@[Link]'),
('Javier','Pastore','jp@[Link]'),
('Charlotte','Hare','chare@[Link]'),
('Mark','Smith','markysmith@[Link]'),
('Emily','Thorne','ethorne@[Link]'),
('David','Paul','davpaul@[Link]'),
('Cherry','Wang','cherryw@[Link]'),
('Bort','Simpson','mynameisbort@[Link]'),
('Emma','Connor','econ@[Link]'),
('Jonathan','Edwards','jedwards@[Link]'),
('Simon','Davis','sdavis@[Link]'),
('Sophie','Marshall','sophmarsh@[Link]'),
('Sally','Lam','slam@[Link]'),
('Kenneth','Harrison','kson@[Link]'),
(NULL,'Smith','smith@[Link]'),
('Harry','Weasley','whatsmyname@[Link]'),
('Ron','Potter','thatsmyname@[Link]'),
('Ray','Wilkinson','wilky@[Link]'),
('Samuel','Windsor','royalty@[Link]'),
('Jennifer','David','jda@[Link]'),
('Larry','Davis','larryd@[Link]'),
('Bolt','Tin','btin@[Link]'),
('Sarah','Thompson','sthompson1977@[Link]'),
('Alan','Bennet','thosewerethedays@[Link]'),
('Brian','Apple','bapple101@[Link]'),
('Rob','Bryson','rbry@[Link]'),
('Shelly','Zu','szu@[Link]'),

28
('Steve','Shoogan','sshoogan@[Link]'),
('Matthew','Gray','graym@[Link]'),
('Sally','Kramer','kallysramer@[Link]'),
('Peter','Chef','chefp@[Link]'),
(NULL,'Cooke','nullcooke@[Link]'),
('Marty','Seinfeld','marfeld@[Link]'),
('Carl','Green','creen@[Link]'),
('Emma','Greene','egreene@[Link]'),
('Michael','Bannon','mbannon@[Link]'),
('Paul','Showman','theshowman1@[Link]'),
('Harry','Goldthistle','hgold@[Link]'),
('Gill','Newton','gnew@[Link]'),
('Preston','Peters','p2p@[Link]'),
('Simon','Smithson','sismithson@[Link]'),
('Benjamin','Rabbit','brabbit@[Link]'),
('Jerry','David','curb@[Link]'),
('Olivia','Tulip','otulip@[Link]'),
('Richard','Horne','richhorne@[Link]'),
('Betty','Corbe','bcorbe@[Link]'),
('Anne','Callaway','acway@[Link]'),
('Yifan','Way','yway@[Link]'),
('Charlie','Cheene','ccheene@[Link]'),
('Ula','Boon','uboon@[Link]'),
('Buster','David','bdavid@[Link]'),
('Dustin','Beer','beerd@[Link]'),
('John','Sleet','knoweverything@[Link]'),
('August','Summer','asummer@[Link]'),
('Linda','Martins','lmart@[Link]'),
('Chris','Kay','chkay@[Link]'),
('Christopher','Roberts','croberts@[Link]'),
('Robert','Winston','rwin@[Link]'),
('Daniel','Orbe','dorbe@[Link]'),
('Joshua','Wells','wellj@[Link]'),
('Fred','Flinton','ff100@[Link]'),
('Paula','Winner','pwinner@[Link]'),
(NULL,'Canter','canter99@[Link]'),
('Michael','Bassett','mbass@[Link]'),
('Michelle','Martins','mm109@[Link]'),
('Lorna','Brown','lbrown@[Link]'),
('Kerry','Vale','wish1985@[Link]'),
('Sean','Borne','sborne@[Link]'),
('Craig','Evans','cevans@[Link]'),
('Alex','Sanders','asand@[Link]'),
('George','McNabb','gnabb@[Link]'),
('Richard','Trout','redtrout@[Link]'),
('Stewart','Dee','sdee@[Link]'),
('Sue','Werkins','swerkins@[Link]'),
('Mel','Wozniack','mwoz@[Link]'),
('Steve','Dole','sdole@[Link]'),
('Zara','Yelland','zy27@[Link]'),
('Irene','Mellon','mellonirene@[Link]'),
('Karen','Wall','kwall@[Link]'),
('Lucy','Oak','loak@[Link]'),
('Orson','Young','oyoung@[Link]'),

29
 ('Oliver','Daniels','odaniels@[Link]'),
('Queen','Bee','qbee@[Link]'),
('Vera','Jack','verajack@[Link]'),
('Thomas','Soft','softt@[Link]'),
(NULL,'Blair','nblair@[Link]'),
('Tim','Jones','tjones@[Link]'),
('Nicola','Jenkins','njenk@[Link]'),
('Olivia','Jones','ojo@[Link]'),
('James','Depp','jdepp@[Link]'),
('Meryl','Steep','msteep@[Link]'),
('Jake','Portman','jportman@[Link]'),
('Jenny','Appleton','japple@[Link]'),
('Simon','Hoover','shoover@[Link]'),
('Belinda','Marshall','belindam@[Link]'),
('Stephanie','Watson','swatson@[Link]'),
('Art','Simons','simons@[Link]'),
('Stan','Smith','smithstan@[Link]'),
('Christopher','Roberts','robertsc@[Link]'),
('Nathan','Gold','engold@[Link]'),
('Alain','Bennet','alainb@[Link]'),
('Lewis','Russelton','lrus@[Link]'),
('Josh','Reynolds','jrey@[Link]'),
('William','Williams','williamw@[Link]'),
(NULL,'Pointer','apointer@[Link]'),
('Bort','Skinner','mynameisalsobort@[Link]'),
(NULL,'Smith','lonsmith@[Link]'),
('Susan','Williams','swill@[Link]'),
('Yu','Xi','yuxi@[Link]'),
('Annabelle','Winks','anwinks@[Link]'),
('Andrew','Landhurst','andylandy@[Link]'),
('Winston','Smith','room101@[Link]'),
('Gemma','Arton','garton@[Link]'),
('Renton','McDonald','rent@[Link]'),
('Maggie','Chu','chuchu@[Link]');

SELECT * FROM customers;

INSERT INTO rooms (name, no_seats)

VALUES ('Chaplin',72),
('Kubrick',36),
('Coppola',36);

SELECT * FROM rooms;

30
INSERT INTO screenings (film_id, room_id, start_time)
VALUES (9, 3, '2022-01-01 [Link]'), (3, 2, '2022-01-03 [Link]'), (8, 1, '2022-01-06 [Link]'),
(3, 1, '2022-01-12 [Link]'), (9, 1, '2022-01-12 [Link]'), (8, 2, '2022-01-19 [Link]'),
(8, 2, '2022-01-19 [Link]'), (4, 2, '2022-01-22 [Link]'), (3, 3, '2022-01-22 [Link]'),
(2, 2, '2022-01-22 [Link]'), (6, 3, '2022-01-27 [Link]'), (7, 1, '2022-01-27 [Link]'),
(11,2, '2022-01-28 [Link]'), (6, 2, '2022-01-28 [Link]'), (3, 1, '2022-01-30 [Link]'),
(1, 2, '2022-02-03 [Link]'), (10,1, '2022-02-06 [Link]'), (7, 1, '2022-02-11 [Link]'),
(9, 1, '2022-02-12 [Link]'), (2, 3, '2022-02-14 [Link]'), (6, 2, '2022-02-19 [Link]'),
(9, 2, '2022-02-19 [Link]'), (1, 2, '2022-02-19 [Link]'), (6, 1, '2022-02-20 [Link]'),
(6, 1, '2022-02-22 [Link]'), (6, 2, '2022-02-22 [Link]'), (3, 3, '2022-02-24 [Link]'),
(3, 3, '2022-02-25 [Link]'), (4, 1, '2022-03-06 [Link]'), (4, 1, '2022-03-06 [Link]'),
(2, 2, '2022-03-08 [Link]'), (2, 3, '2022-03-09 [Link]'), (1, 3, '2022-03-10 [Link]'),
(8, 2, '2022-03-11 [Link]'), (4, 2, '2022-03-18 [Link]'), (4, 3, '2022-03-20 [Link]'),
(6, 1, '2022-03-26 [Link]'), (1, 2, '2022-04-01 [Link]'), (4, 1, '2022-04-02 [Link]'),
(3, 2, '2022-04-12 [Link]'), (9, 3, '2022-04-14 [Link]'), (5, 3, '2022-04-17 [Link]'),
(4, 3, '2022-04-20 [Link]'), (7, 1, '2022-04-25 [Link]'), (1, 2, '2022-04-27 [Link]'),
(7, 1, '2022-04-29 [Link]'), (2, 3, '2022-05-01 [Link]'), (7, 2, '2022-05-01 [Link]'),
(5, 2, '2022-05-11 [Link]'), (5, 1, '2022-05-14 [Link]'), (8, 3, '2022-05-14 [Link]'),
(8, 2, '2022-05-15 [Link]'), (10,1, '2022-05-15 [Link]'), (5, 3, '2022-05-16 [Link]'),
(6, 2, '2022-05-16 [Link]'), (6, 2, '2022-05-18 [Link]'), (1, 2, '2022-05-25 [Link]'),
(11,1, '2022-06-07 [Link]'), (1, 1, '2022-06-08 [Link]'), (2, 2, '2022-06-14 [Link]'),
(2, 2, '2022-06-17 [Link]'), (5, 2, '2022-06-18 [Link]'), (10,3, '2022-06-18 [Link]'),
(9, 2, '2022-06-18 [Link]'), (8, 1, '2022-06-26 [Link]'), (2, 2, '2022-06-28 [Link]'),
(2, 3, '2022-06-30 [Link]'), (11,2, '2022-07-02 [Link]'), (10,3, '2022-07-03 [Link]'),
(10,1, '2022-07-06 [Link]'), (3, 2, '2022-07-09 [Link]'), (4, 3, '2022-07-12 [Link]'),
(5, 3, '2022-07-13 [Link]'), (2, 2, '2022-07-29 [Link]'), (11,2, '2022-08-03 [Link]'),
(6, 1, '2022-08-05 [Link]'), (6, 1, '2022-08-06 [Link]'), (11,1, '2022-08-08 [Link]'),
(9, 1, '2022-08-11 [Link]'), (6, 2, '2022-08-12 [Link]'), (9, 1, '2022-08-16 [Link]'),
(6, 2, '2022-08-20 [Link]'), (4, 2, '2022-08-24 [Link]'), (5, 1, '2022-08-26 [Link]'),
(7, 2, '2022-09-02 [Link]'), (2, 3, '2022-09-02 [Link]'), (9, 3, '2022-09-05 [Link]'),
(2, 3, '2022-09-07 [Link]'), (4, 2, '2022-09-14 [Link]'), (1, 3, '2022-09-17 [Link]'),
(4, 3, '2022-09-17 [Link]'), (11,3, '2022-09-18 [Link]'), (6, 2, '2022-09-21 [Link]'),
(5, 1, '2022-09-30 [Link]'), (4, 2, '2022-10-01 [Link]'), (9, 2, '2022-10-09 [Link]'),
(5, 3, '2022-10-12 [Link]'), (1, 3, '2022-10-13 [Link]'), (6, 1, '2022-10-15 [Link]'),
(2, 3, '2022-10-18 [Link]'), (1, 2, '2022-10-22 [Link]'), (7, 2, '2022-10-25 [Link]'),
(2, 3, '2022-10-26 [Link]'), (5, 2, '2022-10-27 [Link]'), (3, 3, '2022-11-06 [Link]'),
(10,3, '2022-11-17 [Link]'), (7, 1, '2022-11-22 [Link]'), (11,2, '2022-11-25 [Link]'),
(3, 1, '2022-11-26 [Link]'), (10,1, '2022-11-26 [Link]'), (5, 3, '2022-11-28 [Link]'),
(7, 2, '2022-11-29 [Link]'), (8, 2, '2022-12-02 [Link]'), (10,2, '2022-12-08 [Link]'),
(7, 2, '2022-12-09 [Link]'), (11,3, '2022-12-10 [Link]'), (2, 1, '2022-12-13 [Link]'),
(6, 1, '2022-12-15 [Link]'), (11,1, '2022-12-21 [Link]'), (8, 2, '2022-12-22 [Link]'),
(6, 3, '2022-12-24 [Link]'), (8, 2, '2022-12-26 [Link]'), (3, 3, '2022-12-29 [Link]'),
(6, 2, '2023-01-01 [Link]'), (6, 1, '2023-01-04 [Link]'), (6, 1, '2023-01-06 [Link]'),
(10,3, '2023-01-07 [Link]'), (10,1, '2023-01-08 [Link]'), (3, 2, '2023-01-10 [Link]'),
(4, 1, '2023-01-16 [Link]'), (11,1, '2023-01-16 [Link]'), (10,2, '2023-01-22 [Link]'),
(11,2, '2023-01-25 [Link]'), (6, 3, '2023-01-27 [Link]'), (3, 1, '2023-01-31 [Link]'),
(3, 1, '2023-01-31 [Link]'), (2, 1, '2023-02-02 [Link]'), (3, 1, '2023-02-08 [Link]'),
(8, 1, '2023-02-08 [Link]'), (4, 3, '2023-02-11 [Link]'), (1, 3, '2023-02-15 [Link]'),
(1, 2, '2023-02-16 [Link]'), (2, 3, '2023-02-20 [Link]'), (5, 2, '2023-02-25 [Link]'),
(9, 3, '2023-02-26 [Link]'), (2, 2, '2023-03-02 [Link]'), (7, 3, '2023-03-07 [Link]'),
(11,2, '2023-03-12 [Link]'), (5, 1, '2023-03-13 [Link]'), (8, 1, '2023-03-15 [Link]'),
(5, 3, '2023-03-20 [Link]'), (10,1, '2023-03-20 [Link]'), (1, 1, '2023-03-24 [Link]'),
(2, 2, '2023-03-26 [Link]'), (2, 1, '2023-03-28 [Link]'), (4, 2, '2023-03-31 [Link]'),
(9, 1, '2023-03-31 [Link]'), (10,2, '2023-04-08 [Link]'), (3, 3, '2023-04-12 [Link]'),
(9, 3, '2023-04-13 [Link]'), (9, 3, '2023-04-14 [Link]'), (3, 1, '2023-04-15 [Link]'),
(9, 3, '2023-04-15 [Link]'), (2, 2, '2023-04-19 [Link]'), (6, 3, '2023-04-21 [Link]'),
(4, 2, '2023-04-25 [Link]'), (1, 3, '2023-04-27 [Link]'), (3, 1, '2023-04-27 [Link]'),
(8, 2, '2023-05-02 [Link]'), (11,2, '2023-05-11 [Link]'), (8, 3, '2023-05-14 [Link]'),
(2, 1, '2023-05-23 [Link]'), (11,1, '2023-05-25 [Link]'), (7, 2, '2023-06-05 [Link]'),
(2, 3, '2023-06-08 [Link]'), (7, 1, '2023-06-09 [Link]'), (7, 2, '2023-06-14 [Link]'),
(1, 2, '2023-06-16 [Link]'), (8, 3, '2023-06-16 [Link]'), (11,2, '2023-06-19 [Link]'),

31
 (11,2, '2023-06-19 [Link]'), (6, 3, '2023-06-25 [Link]'), (3, 1, '2023-06-26 [Link]'),
(1, 3, '2023-06-30 [Link]'), (6, 2, '2023-07-06 [Link]'), (1, 1, '2023-07-08 [Link]'),
(10,2, '2023-07-08 [Link]'), (2, 2, '2023-07-08 [Link]'), (10,1, '2023-07-09 [Link]'),
(10,3, '2023-07-15 [Link]'), (1, 3, '2023-07-18 [Link]'), (3, 1, '2023-07-22 [Link]'),
(4, 3, '2023-07-27 [Link]'), (9, 3, '2023-07-28 [Link]'), (10,3, '2023-07-29 [Link]'),
(4, 3, '2023-07-30 [Link]'), (5, 1, '2023-08-08 [Link]'), (5, 2, '2023-08-12 [Link]'),
(5, 1, '2023-08-15 [Link]'), (11,2, '2023-08-21 [Link]'), (10,2, '2023-08-23 [Link]'),
(3, 2, '2023-08-25 [Link]'), (1, 3, '2023-08-27 [Link]'), (2, 1, '2023-08-28 [Link]'),
(8, 1, '2023-08-29 [Link]'), (9, 2, '2023-08-30 [Link]'), (9, 2, '2023-08-30 [Link]'),
(7, 2, '2023-08-31 [Link]'), (8, 1, '2023-09-01 [Link]'), (1, 2, '2023-09-02 [Link]'),
(9, 3, '2023-09-03 [Link]'), (9, 3, '2023-09-07 [Link]'), (10,2, '2023-09-09 [Link]'),
(3, 1, '2023-09-09 [Link]'), (11,3, '2023-09-10 [Link]'), (3, 1, '2023-09-11 [Link]'),
(10,3, '2023-09-13 [Link]'), (11,1, '2023-09-14 [Link]'), (5, 1, '2023-09-22 [Link]'),
(9, 2, '2023-09-30 [Link]');

SELECT * FROM screenings;

INSERT INTO seats (seat_row, number, room_id)

VALUES ('A',1,1), ('A',2,1), ('A',3,1), ('A',4,1), ('A',5,1), ('A',6,1), ('A',7,1), ('A',8,1),
('B',1,1), ('B',2,1), ('B',3,1), ('B',4,1), ('B',5,1), ('B',6,1), ('B',7,1), ('B',8,1),
('C',1,1), ('C',2,1), ('C',3,1), ('C',4,1), ('C',5,1), ('C',6,1), ('C',7,1), ('C',8,1),
('D',1,1), ('D',2,1), ('D',3,1), ('D',4,1), ('D',5,1), ('D',6,1), ('D',7,1), ('D',8,1),
('E',1,1), ('E',2,1), ('E',3,1), ('E',4,1), ('E',5,1), ('E',6,1), ('E',7,1), ('E',8,1),
('F',1,1), ('F',2,1), ('F',3,1), ('F',4,1), ('F',5,1), ('F',6,1), ('F',7,1), ('F',8,1),
('G',1,1), ('G',2,1), ('G',3,1), ('G',4,1), ('G',5,1), ('G',6,1), ('G',7,1), ('G',8,1),
('H',1,1), ('H',2,1), ('H',3,1), ('H',4,1), ('H',5,1), ('H',6,1), ('H',7,1), ('H',8,1),
('I',1,1), ('I',2,1), ('I',3,1), ('I',4,1), ('I',5,1), ('I',6,1), ('I',7,1), ('I',8,1),
('A',1,2), ('A',2,2), ('A',3,2), ('A',4,2), ('A',5,2), ('A',6,2), ('B',1,2), ('B',2,2),
('B',3,2), ('B',4,2), ('B',5,2), ('B',6,2), ('C',1,2), ('C',2,2), ('C',3,2), ('C',4,2),
('C',5,2), ('C',6,2), ('D',1,2), ('D',2,2), ('D',3,2), ('D',4,2), ('D',5,2), ('D',6,2),
('E',1,2), ('E',2,2), ('E',3,2), ('E',4,2), ('E',5,2), ('E',6,2), ('F',1,2), ('F',2,2),
('F',3,2), ('F',4,2), ('F',5,2), ('F',6,2), ('A',1,3), ('A',2,3), ('A',3,3), ('A',4,3),
('A',5,3), ('A',6,3), ('B',1,3), ('B',2,3), ('B',3,3), ('B',4,3), ('B',5,3), ('B',6,3),
('C',1,3), ('C',2,3), ('C',3,3), ('C',4,3), ('C',5,3), ('C',6,3), ('D',1,3), ('D',2,3),
('D',3,3), ('D',4,3), ('D',5,3), ('D',6,3), ('E',1,3), ('E',2,3), ('E',3,3), ('E',4,3),
('E',5,3), ('E',6,3), ('F',1,3), ('F',2,3), ('F',3,3), ('F',4,3), ('F',5,3), ('F',6,3);

SELECT * FROM seats;

INSERT INTO bookings (screening_id, customer_id)

VALUES (2, 2 ), (1, 4 ), (2, 6 ), (4, 8 ), (6, 10 ), (1, 12 ), (5, 14 ), (1, 16 ),
(2, 18 ), (3, 20 ), (5, 120), (4, 12 ), (8, 24 ), (10, 33 ), (9, 37 ), (4, 67 ),
(11, 87 ), (4, 109), (5, 12 ), (6, 21 ), (8, 11 ), (10, 13 ), (14, 7 ), (16, 103),
(18, 81 ), (7, 89 ), (17, 52 ), (7, 50 ), (8, 49 ), (9, 37 ), (11, 1 ), (16, 37 ),
(20, 4 ), (22, 23 ), (21, 24 ), (10, 24 ), (23, 24 ), (10, 55 ), (14, 51 ), (12, 69 ),
(14, 3 ), (22, 34 ), (26, 33 ), (28, 35 ), (27, 65 ), (13, 22 ), (29, 22 ), (13, 100),
(20, 101), (12, 58 ), (17, 5 ), (28, 29 ), (32, 33 ), (34, 45 ), (33, 32 ), (19, 32 ),
(35, 30 ), (16, 17 ), (26, 56 ), (18, 55 ), (17, 7 ), (31, 11 ), (38, 26 ), (40, 4 ),
(30, 51 ), (25, 38 ), (41, 37 ), (22, 101), (32, 99 ), (15, 76 ), (20, 9 ), (37, 10 ),
(44, 21 ), (46, 55 ), (33, 22 ), (31, 33 ), (47, 44 ), (25, 55 ), (38, 42 ), (24, 1 ),
(23, 11 ), (37, 1 ), (50, 77 ), (52, 23 ), (39, 1 ), (43, 5 ), (53, 89 ), (28, 88 ),
(44, 37 ), (30, 2 ), (26, 12 ), (40, 1 ), (56, 66 ), (58, 27 ), (42, 7 ), (46, 45 ),
(59, 22 ), (31, 25 ), (50, 29 ), (27, 9 ), (29, 14 ), (43, 1 ), (62, 55 ), (64, 11 ),
(45, 8 ), (49, 56 ), (65, 11 ), (37, 26 ), (56, 120), (33, 1 ), (32, 15 ), (49, 1 ),
(68, 44 ), (70, 11 ), (51, 13 ), (55, 58 ), (71, 1 ), (49, 33 ), (56, 116), (36, 103),
(35, 17 ), (55, 56 ), (74, 33 ), (70, 17 ), (54, 11 ), (61, 77 ), (71, 45 ), (58, 78 ),
(62, 36 ), (66, 9 ), (38, 19 ), (61, 88 ), (80, 57 ), (76, 120), (66, 100), (67, 89 ),
(77, 49 ), (58, 89 ), (62, 17 ), (69, 61 ), (41, 100), (67, 22 ), (86, 45 ), (82, 119),
(72, 27 ), (73, 90 ), (80, 56 ), (61, 68 ), (68, 20 ), (33, 9 ), (44, 66 ), (76, 119),
(92, 82 ), (88, 100), (81, 89 ), (79, 5 ), (83, 65 ), (64, 42 ), (74, 80 ), (42, 26 ),
(47, 45 ), (82, 118), (98, 67 ), (94, 11 ), (81, 55 ), (82, 4 ), (83, 23 ), (67, 4 ),

32
 (86, 80 ), (45, 19 ), (50, 44 ), (88, 117), (104,61 ), (100,97 ), (81, 35 ), (85, 3 ),
(89, 35 ), (76, 41 ), (86, 90 ), (48, 17 ), (53, 33 ), (94, 116), (110,4 ), (106,54 ),
(84, 33 ), (88, 2 ), (95, 34 ), (76, 27 ), (86, 29 ), (51, 28 ), (56, 39 ), (97, 115),
(116,4 ), (112,32 ), (90, 33 ), (88, 1 ), (101,34 ), (82, 90 ), (86, 101), (51, 104),
(59, 111), (100,114), (122,7 ), (118,35 ), (93, 57 ), (88, 77 ), (107,69 ), (91, 96 ),
(92, 4 ), (54, 35 ), (92, 100), (106,113), (128,9 ), (124,60 ), (87, 88 ), (91, 39 ),
(113,67 ), (91, 43 ), (98, 90 ), (60, 36 ), (98, 99 ), (112,112), (134,10 ), (130,43 ),
(69, 84 ), (97, 31 ), (119,1 ), (97, 3 ), (104,7 ), (63, 1 ), (104,4 ), (118,111),
(140,1 ), (136,22 ), (72, 67 ), (97, 111), (125,87 ), (100,24 ), (110,46 ), (66, 4 ),
(110,17 ), (130,110), (146,12 ), (142,22 ), (75, 48 ), (100,111), (131,47 ), (103,24 ),
(122,27 ), (69, 27 ), (122,55 ), (136,91 ), (152,11 ), (148,13 ), (84, 90 ), (103,101),
(137,12 ), (109,11 ), (128,10 ), (75, 9 ), (128,58 ), (142,90 ), (158,56 ), (154,15 ),
(93, 91 ), (109,34 ), (143,9 ), (115,34 ), (131,33 ), (78, 81 ), (134,88 ), (148,48 ),
(164,78 ), (160,16 ), (102,22 ), (115,33 ), (149,47 ), (121,46 ), (137,6 ), (90, 6 ),
(140,67 ), (154,40 ), (170,77 ), (166,78 ), (108,21 ), (121,26 ), (155,53 ), (127,42 ),
(143,31 ), (99, 11 ), (152,45 ), (160,70 ), (176,38 ), (172,66 ), (114,20 ), (127,106),
(161,111), (211,109), (149,108), (102,113), (158,44 ), (166,87 ), (182,99 ), (178,65 ),
(120,19 ), (136,99 ), (167,49 ), (133,66 ), (158,67 ), (117,3 ), (164,71 ), (172,33 ),
(188,100), (184,50 ), (144,18 ), (142,23 ), (173,46 ), (139,23 ), (164,1 ), (129,3 ),
(170,78 ), (178,35 ), (194,36 ), (187,23 ), (159,24 ), (151,23 ), (179,55 ), (145,58 ),
(170,60 ), (141,4 ), (176,70 ), (184,7 ), (200,36 ), (190,78 ), (162,70 ), (157,80 ),
(182,99 ), (151,95 ), (176,32 ), (156,7 ), (182,88 ), (190,8 ), (200,34 ), (193,74 ),
(168,35 ), (163,120), (185,109), (157,31 ), (182,68 ), (180,56 ), (191,47 ), (190,16 ),
(200,1 ), (196,72 ), (177,11 ), (169,12 ), (191,19 ), (166,108), (176,23 ), (189,23 ),
(197,32 ), (196,26 ), (203,2 ), (199,80 ), (192,1 ), (175,49 ), (197,55 ), (172,76 ),
(188,99 ), (195,90 ), (200,23 ), (199,43 ), (206,4 ), (202,90 ), (198,59 ), (181,58 ),
(200,59 ), (178,6 ), (194,35 ), (198,44 ), (203,116), (202,28 ), (209,4 ), (205,93 ),
(201,23 ), (187,10 ), (203,76 ), (187,77 ), (200,78 ), (204,9 ), (209,18 ), (205,10 ),
(209,5 ), (208,43 ), (204,67 ), (193,54 ), (206,54 ), (196,1 ), (206,7 ), (207,9 ),
(212,68 ), (211,5 ), (212,6 ), (211,7 ), (207,8 ), (199,9 ), (209,9 ), (205,23 ),
(212,111), (213,40 );

SELECT * FROM bookings;

INSERT INTO reserved_seat (booking_id, seat_id)

VALUES (1, 74 ), (1, 75 ), (1, 76 ), (2, 10 ), (2, 11 ), (3, 100), (3, 101), (4, 66 ),
(4, 67 ), (5, 141), (6, 33 ), (6, 34 ), (7, 102), (7, 103), (8, 2 ), (8, 3 ),
(8, 4 ), (8, 5 ), (9, 98 ), (9, 99 ), (10, 120), (11, 74 ), (11, 75 ), (11, 76 ),
(12, 23 ), (12, 24 ), (13, 104), (13, 105), (14, 60 ), (14, 61 ), (15, 130), (15, 131),
(16, 71 ), (16, 72 ), (17, 88 ), (17, 89 ), (18, 51 ), (18, 52 ), (18, 53 ), (18, 54 ),
(19, 83 ), (19, 84 ), (20, 138), (21, 94 ), (22, 30 ), (22, 31 ), (22, 32 ), (23, 101),
(23, 102), (23, 103), (23, 75 ), (24, 67 ), (24, 68 ), (25, 113), (25, 114), (26, 44 ),
(27, 97 ), (27, 98 ), (28, 71 ), (29, 76 ), (30, 139), (31, 79 ), (32, 50 ), (33, 80 ),
(33, 81 ), (33, 82 ), (33, 83 ), (33, 84 ), (34, 62 ), (34, 63 ), (35, 120), (35, 121),
(36, 16 ), (36, 17 ), (37, 82 ), (37, 83 ), (38, 59 ), (39, 78 ), (40, 111), (40, 112),
(41, 90 ), (41, 91 ), (41, 92 ), (42, 52 ), (42, 53 ), (42, 54 ), (43, 89 ), (43, 90 ),
(44, 71 ), (44, 72 ), (45, 120), (45, 121), (46, 38 ), (46, 39 ), (47, 101), (47, 102),
(48, 62 ), (48, 63 ), (48, 64 ), (49, 81 ), (50, 121), (50, 122), (50, 123), (50, 124),
(51, 91 ), (51, 92 ), (51, 93 ), (51, 94 ), (52, 61 ), (52, 62 ), (53, 107), (53, 108),
(54, 67 ), (54, 68 ), (55, 117), (55, 118), (56, 61 ), (57, 104), (57, 105), (57, 106),
(58, 1 ), (58, 2 ), (59, 75 ), (59, 76 ), (60, 139), (60, 140), (61, 86 ), (61, 87 ),
(62, 13 ), (62, 14 ), (63, 101), (63, 102), (63, 103), (64, 66 ), (64, 67 ), (64, 68 ),
(65, 120), (65, 121), (65, 122), (65, 123), (66, 9 ), (66, 10 ), (67, 76 ), (68, 48 ),
(68, 49 ), (68, 50 ), (69, 93 ), (69, 94 ), (70, 121), (70, 122), (71, 80 ), (71, 81 ),
(71, 82 ), (72, 67 ), (72, 68 ), (73, 77 ), (73, 78 ), (74, 61 ), (74, 62 ), (74, 63 ),
(75, 130), (75, 131), (76, 9 ), (76, 10 ), (77, 100), (78, 57 ), (79, 107), (80, 110),
(81, 91 ), (81, 92 ), (82, 5 ), (82, 6 ), (83, 104), (83, 105), (84, 23 ), (84, 24 ),
(85, 118), (85, 119), (85, 120), (85, 121), (86, 31 ), (86, 32 ), (87, 76 ), (87, 77 ),
(88, 63 ), (89, 89 ), (89, 90 ), (89, 91 ), (90, 113), (90, 114), (91, 79 ), (91, 80 ),
(91, 81 ), (92, 1 ), (92, 2 ), (92, 3 ), (92, 4 ), (92, 5 ), (92, 6 ), (93, 105),
(94, 12 ), (94, 13 ), (94, 14 ), (95, 111), (95, 112), (95, 113), (95, 114), (96, 59 ),

33
(96, 60 ), (96, 61 ), (97, 81 ), (97, 82 ), (98, 47 ), (98, 48 ), (99, 85 ), (99, 86 ),
(100,118), (100,119), (101,103), (101,104), (102,23 ), (102,24 ), (103,81 ), (103,82 ),
(104,66 ), (104,67 ), (105,136), (105,137), (106,39 ), (106,40 ), (107,75 ), (108,72 ),
(109,101), (109,102), (109,103), (109,104), (109,105), (110,122), (110,123), (110,124),
(111,77 ), (111,78 ), (112,8 ), (113,82 ), (113,83 ), (114,56 ), (114,57 ), (115,139),
(115,140), (116,69 ), (117,75 ), (117,76 ), (117,77 ), (118,60 ), (119,88 ), (120,111),
(121,108), (122,31 ), (122,32 ), (123,98 ), (124,18 ), (124,19 ), (125,120), (125,121),
(126,61 ), (126,62 ), (127,101), (127,102), (128,70 ), (128,71 ), (129,105), (129,106),
(130,141), (130,142), (131,77 ), (132,71 ), (133,106), (133,107), (133,108), (134,61 ),
(135,110), (135,111), (136,52 ), (137,84 ), (137,85 ), (138,37 ), (139,75 ), (139,76 ),
(140,140), (140,141), (141,90 ), (142,42 ), (143,94 ), (143,95 ), (144,66 ), (145,112),
(146,21 ), (147,79 ), (147,80 ), (147,81 ), (148,63 ), (149,89 ), (150,128), (150,129),
(151,77 ), (151,78 ), (151,79 ), (152,57 ), (152,58 ), (152,59 ), (153,89 ), (153,90 ),
(153,91 ), (154,37 ), (154,38 ), (155,111), (155,112), (155,113), (156,19 ), (156,20 ),
(157,83 ), (158,5 ), (159,77 ), (160,140), (161,89 ), (162,9 ), (163,104), (164,71 ),
(165,117), (165,118), (166,66 ), (166,67 ), (167,83 ), (167,84 ), (167,85 ), (167,86 ),
(168,55 ), (168,56 ), (168,57 ), (168,58 ), (169,105), (169,106), (170,121), (170,122),
(171,92 ), (172,36 ), (173,99 ), (174,38 ), (175,117), (175,118), (176,68 ), (176,69 ),
(177,81 ), (177,82 ), (178,31 ), (178,32 ), (179,103), (179,104), (180,119), (181,102),
(182,71 ), (182,72 ), (183,100), (183,101), (184,48 ), (184,49 ), (185,110), (185,111),
(186,12 ), (186,13 ), (187,78 ), (187,79 ), (188,39 ), (189,81 ), (190,135), (191,79 ),
(192,33 ), (192,34 ), (192,35 ), (193,90 ), (194,54 ), (194,55 ), (195,121), (195,122),
(196,53 ), (196,54 ), (197,80 ), (197,81 ), (198,2 ), (198,3 ), (199,81 ), (199,82 ),
(200,115), (201,76 ), (202,27 ), (203,103), (203,104), (204,22 ), (205,140), (206,51 ),
(207,83 ), (208,64 ), (193,91 ), (210,118), (211,101), (212,61 ), (212,62 ), (213,79 ),
(213,80 ), (214,50 ), (215,111), (216,30 ), (216,31 ), (217,106), (217,107), (218,40 ),
(218,41 ), (219,91 ), (219,92 ), (220,123), (221,76 ), (222,20 ), (222,21 ), (223,105),
(224,60 ), (225,133), (225,134), (226,70 ), (226,71 ), (226,72 ), (227,83 ), (228,47 ),
(229,80 ), (230,120), (230,121), (231,85 ), (231,86 ), (232,11 ), (232,12 ), (232,13 ),
(233,81 ), (233,82 ), (234,62 ), (234,63 ), (235,113), (235,114), (236,35 ), (236,36 ),
(237,81 ), (237,82 ), (238,41 ), (238,42 ), (239,77 ), (239,78 ), (383,78 ), (241,102),
(241,103), (242,21 ), (242,22 ), (242,23 ), (243,89 ), (244,45 ), (245,137), (245,138),
(245,139), (245,140), (246,49 ), (246,50 ), (246,51 ), (247,101), (248,34 ), (249,77 ),
(250,138), (251,102), (251,103), (251,104), (252,61 ), (253,98 ), (253,99 ), (254,70 ),
(255,119), (255,120), (255,121), (256,23 ), (257,87 ), (258,36 ), (258,37 ), (259,95 ),
(259,96 ), (260,132), (261,88 ), (261,89 ), (261,90 ), (262,20 ), (262,21 ), (262,22 ),
(262,23 ), (263,102), (264,63 ), (265,118), (266,24 ), (267,79 ), (268,68 ), (269,90 ),
(269,91 ), (270,120), (271,104), (272,8 ), (273,76 ), (274,33 ), (275,122), (275,123),
(275,124), (276,11 ), (276,12 ), (276,13 ), (277,82 ), (277,83 ), (278,27 ), (278,28 ),
(279,75 ), (279,76 ), (279,77 ), (280,140), (280,141), (281,80 ), (282,26 ), (283,100),
(283,101), (283,102), (284,23 ), (284,24 ), (285,121), (286,68 ), (287,78 ), (288,4 ),
(288,5 ), (289,97 ), (290,113), (290,114), (291,81 ), (291,82 ), (292,49 ), (293,85 ),
(294,39 ), (295,140), (296,68 ), (297,82 ), (298,25 ), (298,26 ), (299,83 ), (299,84 ),
(300,134), (300,135), (301,101), (301,102), (302,56 ), (302,57 ), (303,92 ), (303,93 ),
(304,5 ), (305,112), (305,113), (306,61 ), (306,62 ), (307,81 ), (308,72 ), (309,88 ),
(309,89 ), (228,48 ), (311,97 ), (311,98 ), (311,99 ), (312,39 ), (312,40 ), (313,79 ),
(314,61 ), (314,62 ), (315,144), (316,55 ), (317,81 ), (317,82 ), (318,66 ), (319,101),
(365,122), (321,83 ), (321,84 ), (322,13 ), (322,14 ), (322,15 ), (323,89 ), (323,90 ),
(324,37 ), (324,38 ), (325,115), (325,116), (326,68 ), (326,69 ), (326,70 ), (327,108),
(328,61 ), (329,77 ), (330,125), (330,126), (331,91 ), (331,92 ), (332,58 ), (332,59 ),
(333,76 ), (333,77 ), (334,23 ), (334,24 ), (335,131), (335,132), (336,10 ), (336,11 ),
(337,99 ), (337,100), (338,67 ), (338,68 ), (339,101), (339,102), (340,138), (341,105),
(342,3 ), (342,4 ), (343,74 ), (343,75 ), (344,58 ), (344,59 ), (345,122), (345,123),
(346,34 ), (346,35 ), (347,79 ), (347,80 ), (348,27 ), (348,28 ), (348,29 ), (349,77 ),
(350,112), (350,113), (351,83 ), (351,84 ), (352,67 ), (352,68 ), (352,69 ), (353,101),
(353,102), (353,103), (354,13 ), (355,113), (355,114), (356,45 ), (357,90 ), (358,70 ),
(359,79 ), (360,138), (361,97 ), (362,72 ), (363,80 ), (364,54 ), (365,122), (366,30 ),
(367,89 ), (368,48 ), (369,103), (370,110), (371,88 ), (372,62 ), (373,81 ), (373,82 ),
(374,59 ), (375,140), (376,70 ), (377,93 ), (378,23 ), (378,24 ), (378,25 ), (378,26 ),
(379,79 ), (379,80 ), (379,81 ), (380,118), (380,119), (381,103), (382,66 ), (382,67 ),
(382,68 ), (382,69 ), (383,77 ), (384,41 ), (384,42 ), (384,43 ), (385,125), (386,68 ),

34
 (387,84 ), (388,70 ), (388,71 ), (389,95 ), (390,120), (390,121), (390,122), (391,76 ),
(391,77 ), (391,78 ), (392,8 ), (392,9 ), (392,10 ), (393,103), (394,39 ), (394,40 ),
(395,127), (395,128), (395,129), (396,66 ), (396,67 ), (397,85 ), (397,86 ), (398,58 ),
(399,83 ), (399,84 ), (400,118), (400,119), (400,120), (401,103), (401,104), (401,105),
(402,51 ), (403,75 ), (404,34 ), (404,35 ), (405,109), (405,110), (405,111), (406,72 ),
(407,93 ), (407,94 ), (408,49 ), (409,88 ), (410,117), (410,118), (410,119);

SELECT * FROM reserved_seat;

35
-- Section 10: Aggregate Functions
-- 10-3 COUNT

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT * FROM customers;

SELECT count(*) FROM customers;

SELECT count(last_name) FROM customers;

SELECT count(first_name) FROM customers; # Will ignore null values

SELECT count(*) FROM customers

WHERE last_name = 'Smith'; # value is CaSe InSeNsItIvE

SELECT count(*) FROM customers

WHERE first_name IS NULL;

-- 10-4 SUM

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT * FROM rooms;

SELECT sum(no_seats) FROM rooms; # Must be a numeric column

SELECT sum(no_seats) FROM rooms

WHERE id > 1; # Will ignore the Chaplin room

36
-- 10-4 MIN and MAX

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT * FROM films

ORDER BY length_min DESC;

SELECT max(length_min) FROM films;

SELECT name, max(length_min) FROM films;

# Will return error in aggregated query without GROUP BY

SELECT * FROM films

ORDER BY length_min;

SELECT min(length_min) FROM films;

-- 10-6 AVERAGE

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT * FROM films;

SELECT avg(length_min) FROM films;

SELECT avg(length_min) FROM films WHERE length_min > 120;

37
-- 10-9 Grouping Data

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT * FROM bookings;

SELECT count(*) FROM bookings;

SELECT customer_id, count(*) FROM bookings

GROUP BY customer_id;

SELECT customer_id, screening_id, count(*) FROM bookings

GROUP BY customer_id, screening_id
ORDER BY customer_id;

SELECT [Link], s.start_time, c.first_name, c.last_name, count([Link])

FROM films f
JOIN screenings s ON [Link] = s.film_id
JOIN bookings b ON [Link] = b.screening_id
JOIN customers c on b.customer_id = [Link]
GROUP BY [Link], c.last_name, c.first_name, s.start_time
ORDER BY s.start_time;

-- 10-10 HAVING Clause

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT * FROM bookings;

# noinspection SqlAggregates
SELECT customer_id, screening_id, count(*) FROM bookings
GROUP BY customer_id, screening_id
# WHERE customer_id = 10; # will NOT work.
HAVING customer_id = 10;

# noinspection SqlAggregates
SELECT customer_id, screening_id, count(*) FROM bookings
JOIN screenings on bookings.screening_id = [Link]
WHERE year(screenings.start_time) = 2022
GROUP BY customer_id, screening_id
HAVING customer_id = 10;

SELECT b.customer_id, s.* FROM bookings b

JOIN screenings s ON b.screening_id = [Link]
WHERE b.customer_id = 10;

38
-- Section 11: Aggregate Functions
-- 11-3 Non-Correlated Subqueries Part 1

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT id, start_time FROM screenings

WHERE film_id IN
(SELECT id FROM films
WHERE length_min > 120)
ORDER BY start_time;

SELECT id, start_time FROM screenings

WHERE film_id IN (1, 3, 8, 11)
ORDER BY start_time;

SELECT id FROM films

WHERE length_min > 120;

SELECT id, first_name, last_name, email FROM customers

WHERE id IN
(SELECT customer_id FROM bookings
WHERE screening_id = 1)
;

SELECT customer_id FROM bookings

WHERE screening_id = 1;

-- 11-4 Non-Correlated Subqueries Part 2

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT * FROM reserved_seat;

SELECT booking_id, count(seat_id) AS no_seats

FROM reserved_seat
GROUP BY booking_id;

SELECT avg(no_seats), max(no_seats) FROM

(SELECT booking_id, count(seat_id) AS no_seats
FROM reserved_seat
GROUP BY booking_id) b;

39
-- 11-5 Correlated Subqueries

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT screening_id, customer_id

FROM bookings
ORDER BY screening_id;

SELECT screening_id, customer_id,

(SELECT count(*)
FROM reserved_seat WHERE booking_id = [Link])
FROM bookings b
ORDER BY screening_id;

# This inner query will not run without outer query above
# defining bookings b.
# This is a Non-Correlated query.
SELECT count(*)
FROM reserved_seat WHERE booking_id = [Link];

40
-- Section 12: MySQL String and Date Functions
-- 12-3 Concatenation

-- CONCATENATE

.-- SELECT concat(column1, column2) AS new_column_name FROM table;

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT concat(first_name, " ", last_name) AS full_name FROM customers;

SELECT concat(first_name, " ", last_name, " ", email) AS full_name

FROM customers;

SELECT concat("This is ", first_name, " ", last_name, "'s email address: ",
email)
AS customer_email FROM customers;

-- 12-4 Substrings
-- SUBSTRING

-- substring(string, start, length)

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT substring("Example", 3, 3) AS Sub; # Returns amp

# Starting index is 1, not 0.

SELECT substring("Example", 3, 4) AS Sub; # Returns ampl

SELECT * FROM films;

SELECT substring(name, 1, 4) AS short_name FROM films;

SELECT substring(name, 5, 6) AS short_name FROM films;

SELECT substring(name, 5) AS short_name FROM films;

SELECT substring(name, -2, 2) AS short_end_name FROM films;

SELECT substring(name, -6, 5) AS short_name FROM films;

SELECT substring(name, -4) AS short_name FROM films;

41
-- 12-5 Upper and Lower Case
-- Upper and Lower Case

-- SELECT upper(column1) AS new_column_name FROM table1;

-- SELECT lower(column1) AS new_column_name FROM table1;

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT name FROM rooms;

SELECT upper(name) AS name FROM rooms;

SELECT lower(name) AS name FROM rooms;

-- 12-8 Date Function

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT date('2023-09-22 [Link]');

SELECT start_time FROM screenings;

SELECT date(start_time) FROM screenings;

SELECT * FROM screenings

WHERE date(start_time) = '2023-07-08';

# This will return no data because of the time.

SELECT * FROM screenings
WHERE start_time = '2023-07-08';

SELECT * FROM screenings

WHERE date(start_time) BETWEEN '2023-07-08' AND '2023-09-09';

# Will not return data from September 9.

SELECT * FROM screenings
WHERE start_time BETWEEN '2023-07-08' AND '2023-09-09';

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-- 12-9 Month Function

USE cinema_booking_system;

# Returns 9
SELECT month('2023-09-22 [Link]');

SELECT start_time FROM screenings;

SELECT month(start_time) FROM screenings;

# Returns August 2022 and 2023

SELECT * FROM screenings
WHERE month(start_time) = 8;

SELECT month(start_time), count(*) FROM screenings

GROUP BY month(start_time);

SELECT month(start_time) as month, count(*) as count FROM screenings

GROUP BY month
ORDER BY count;

-- 12-10 Year Function

USE cinema_booking_system;

SELECT year('2023-09-22 [Link]');

SELECT start_time FROM screenings;

SELECT year(start_time) FROM screenings;

SELECT * FROM screenings

WHERE year(start_time) = 2023;

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