Word formation: science 1 Complete the sentences with words formed from the words in brackets. 1 Myson is hoping to study (chemist) at university. 2 The (invent) of the internet is still a relatively recent one. 3 Ive always been interested in the idea of (astronomy) research. 4 Theyve set off on an (eplore) trip into space. 5 To bea scientist, you need quite an (analyse) brain 6 | believe that (engineer isa very popular subject these days 7 They have said that pressure is very high today. 8 Before our child was born, we went to speak toa —___eenetics) (amosphere) Expressions connected to space 2 Choose the correct answers. 1 I don't know why you're having so many problems with those instructions. Putting a blender together is not exactly space / rocket science! 2 My daughter sometimes looks at me as though fm from another planet star 3 We ony go to expensive restaurants once in a blue sty [ moon 4 Unless we book the fights soon, prices are going to rocket / fy. 5 | did study some physics once but that’s many suns / moons ago. 6 | haven't slept well for a couple of days, som feeling a bit spaced / shuttled out. Ways of seeing 3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of, the words in the box. gaze glance gimpse peer sight view 1 We should get a great. ‘of the moon. q 2 | know Liz by but Ive never met her. 3 She oniy got a quick ofthe singer as he was rushed into the car. 4 Astonished, Tom just sat and into space. Sicouldseeher____at the menu, obviously Unable to see it very well without her glasses 6! at her quickly but she didnt meet my eyes. Idioms with like 4 Match the sentence halves. 1 tshatd to tell her daughters apart. Theyre 2 Don't tak to Deb about her exchusband. Is 3 | had nothing in common with anyone at the conference. felt 4 The teacher stressed to him how important the homework was but it was 5 He never looks where he's going He's 6 Jo isdetermined to get what he wants. He's a like a bull in a china shop, b like: a dog with a bane like a fish out of water d like ated reg to a bull € like two peas ina pod {like water ofa duck’s back Prepositional phrases 5 Choose the correct answers. 1A small bright light appears low in the sky at/ from time to time. 2 Fora small hancful of people, that dot on / at the horizon is @ place called home. 3 The spacecratt fies at /n 17,500 moh, 4 if you are there for a week or two, you are an /ata high the whole time. 5 On/intime, people can perfect the skill of flying around the spacecraft. 6 The faces fram / on the other side of the hatch are always pleased to see you. 7 In/ Atorbit things are weightless. 8 8y/On the downside, many astronauts lose their sense of smell and taste.Module 9 Personal challenges ‘Use of English (Paper 1 Part 1) Multiple-choice cloze 1 Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning 2 Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will fit in each gap. Can you predict the answer without looking at the options? 3 Do the task. 4 — Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? ‘HELP B - ‘ S15) Youre pimatioainat For questions 1-8 read the text below and decide viich answer (A,B, Cor mache ape D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). > QB Read the wnole sentence carefully, Only one of these linking words fits grammatically > Q4 Only one of these words can be followed by to EXPERT LANGUAGE ) Find an example of an auliary verb used for emphasis in the tex. The search for extra-terrestrial intelligence (On a misty April morning in 1960, a young US astronomer called Frank Drake (0) __a radio telescope at a nearby star. He was listening for signals from any alien civilisation that might inhabit its planetary system. On this occasion, Drake (1) Lupa strong radia signal that he thought couldnt have come from a natural source. Asit (2) out, however, it actually emanated from a secret terrestrial source: a defence radar establishment. (3) ___ this disappointment, Drake went on to develop a whole new area of research called astrobiology, (4) _ to the task of finding alien intelligence. Since then, although the amount of data has expanded immensely, the story (5) __ one of radio silence, punctuated by occasional (6)_______alarms. Yet. as a crop of new books shows, this (7) ‘of research has never been more active. Evidence is (8) that many stars in our galaxy have planets on which life might have originated, and advances in technology are making it easier to detect alien life ifit Goes exist. So it could just bea matter of time before something is discovered 0 Apoinied Bsteered C posed Dshone 1 Aspotted Baught C picked Drought 2 Ashowed Bturned worked Dended 3 Whilst B Albeit CAthough ——_D Despite 4 Adevoted ——Beconcentrated —C specialised —_D focused 5 Apersists B continues C remains Dkeeps 6 Alake Bwrong Cmisiaten —_Dfalse 7 Azone B province C scope Dfield 8 Acnlarging —_-B growing swelling D expanding xModule 9 Personal challenges Language development 1 > CBp. 141, EG p. 185 Review of reported speech 1 Report the direct speech. 1 ‘The world belongs to you Frances father told her 2 "Wve always believed that nobady should have to clean houses’ Frances said ___ i 3 'Tm going to build a house to help disabled people’ Frances said 4 "The house took me 40 years to complete Frances told us 5 'I have no idea what wil eventually happen to the house’ Frances said - 6 Would you like to core and see the house?” Frances asked us 7 'Did you know | have been nominated as one of the US top inventors? Frances asked us 3 Tick (V) the correct sentences. Correct the mistakes in the wrong ones. 1] My friend blamed me for | lost her phone. 2 They refused to leave unless | went with them, 3 The assistant recommended me to buy the larger size. 4 | complained to the waiter about having to wat so long for my food, 5 He advised me to speak to my teacher. 6 Becky flatly denied to break the jug 7 We insisted 10 see the manager 8 They explained her how to get there. Impersonal report structures 4 Report the statements using an impersonal structure, Begin with the words in brackets. 1 Many people expected that families would be going to the moon on holiday by now. (I) 2 Some space travel companies have promised that by 2018, flights to space will be available for ordinary people. It) 8 ‘I might spend more time doing sculptures’ Frances told us Patterns after reporting verbs 2 Report the statements using the reporting verbs in the box. accuse agree apologise invite offer regret remind suggest 1 Remember you have to phone the bank today, Jo told her husband Jo 2 ‘Nl pet you a Coffea’ my mother said. My mother 3 ‘Iwish we'd gone by train’ said my husband, My husband 4 ‘Why don't we vist the Science Museurn next week?” said my fiend. My friend 5 Youte always late” my son told me. My son 6 ‘You must come and stay with us next weak’ they said t0 us. They | 7 Yes, its true that the presentation wasrit very interesting, he said. He 8 ‘tm really sorry forgot abou yesterday’ | said. I ie meeting 8 3 There isa belief that some rich people have paid in excess of $20 million to go into space. (Some rich people) 4 Some scientists have claimed that we may scon be able to go to within 100k of the moon. It) 5 | have read a report which says that classes in space tourism are taking piace in the US and Japan. (Classes in space tourism) 6 Some people have alleged that there i a waiting Ist of people wanting to make the first fight ({t) 7 We know that some space tourists have also done research while they were there, (Some space tourists) 8 Environmentalists claim that space tourism is sure to accelerate glooal warming. (It)wy Word formation HELP > QI Add two suffixes to make this ‘noun into an advert. > QB Read carelully to sce whether this word should be singular or plural > Q4 Add both a prefix and a suffix to this word. EXPERT LANGUAGE ) Find an example of a passive infinitive in the text Modul Personal challenges Read the title of the text and think about what you are going to read. Use of English (Paper 1 Part 3) Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning. Read the text again carefully and think about how to change the word that will fit in each gap. Do the task. Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). ‘The colour of gold It has long been possible to modify the (0) appearance APPEAR fof precious metals by adding a layer of another material, such as an alloy, to the surface. For example, what is: known as ‘rose gold’ is (1) made TRADITION by adding copper. Nanotechnology (2) at RESEARCH Southampton University have now discovered how to produce gold and silver in any colour you please, by making microscopic (3) in the surface that ALTER affect the way the enaterial reflects light. (a) much of the allure of a material such DOUBT as gold lies i its (5) colouring, which has DISTINCT led people to ask what is to be gained by the newly discovered process. However, it seems there are quite ‘a number of possible applications for the where another colour would be (6) example, you could add coloured branding to @ piece of silver (7) cor design a gold watch face on JEWEL wihich the hours are denoted in cifferent colours. Another (8) ____ application might be security tagging SIGNIFY because the modified surfaces would be extremely hard to forge. DESIREModule 9 Personal challenges Listening (Paper 3 Part 2) Sentence completion EXPERT STRATEGY 1 i Only write the missing words on your answer sheet. Most answers are single words or very short phrases don't try to write too much, HELP > Q1 You are listening for the exact place the gadget was fixed to > QB Lister for the name that the manufacturers gave to this > Q4 Listen for the expression the last straw, The answer comes soon afterwards EXPERT LANGUAGE ) Which of the questions targets a number? How do you know? EXPERT WORD CHECK } bane of someone’ life civil liberties conflict of interests deep-vein thrombosis godsend ingenious reclining seats femain upright stir up passions trigger an alarm Read the instructions for the task, What type of text are you going. to hear? What will it be about? Read the sentences in the task. How much do you find out about the topi ‘Try to predict the type of information that you need to listen for in each gap, GW! Do the task. You will hear a radio report about the Knee Defender, a controversial gadget used by some airline passengers. For questions 1-8, complete the Sentences with a word or short phrase. The Knee Defender The gadget was designed to be attached to a passenger’ (1) on certain planes. Users pointed to the fact that the gadget was both (2) and easy to use as key advantages, The gadget was sold with what was called a (3) tobe given to the passenger in front. Moves to ban the gadget arose after a fight was (4) following 2 violent conflict between two passengess Atotal of (5) airline passengers took part in an online survey about the gadget Some supporters of the gadget mentioned the need to do © con long-haul fights. Some opponents of the gadget fet that airlines should issue a a about the use of the gadget. ‘The company has also developed a gadget called a (8) ‘which passengers find useful during airport secunty procedures.Vocabulary development 2 > cBp 144 Expressions with mind 1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box. ross keep make put (x2) speak take wander 1 I should have phoned you. tm so sorry - it never ‘my mind that you'd be worrying, 2 Tim going to go out - ill my mind off the news. 3 That woman appears to be able to her ind to almost anything. 4 Jessica always, her mind at staff meetings. She's not afraid to say exactly what she thinks about the situation. 5 I wish you'd up your mind ~ just choose one and let's go! 6 My mind was =| couldnt concentrate. 7 You must it out of your mind - its no Use worrying about something that might not happen. 8 | think we should __an open mind about the restructuring Match the expressions in Exercise 1 (1-8) with their meanings (a-h). a say what you think b stop thinking about it € distract me d wait until you know the facts before making a decision e occur to me F apply yourself g not pay attention h decide Match the sentence halves, 1 1 was out of my mind with worry 2 |rwas a huge weight off my mind 3 I carried on going out but atthe back of my mind 4 No one in their right mind 5 My mind tends to go blank 6 My car has a mind of its own, HT | a would do something so stupid. b when I wes told Id been accepted C it sometimes refuses to start for no reason d when there was an earthquake in my daughter's town. @ whenever | am asked a question, f I knew I should be doing more studying Remembering and forgetting 4a Complete the sentences with recall, remind or memorise 1 fam trying to these French verbs for my test. 2 Can you me which episode we saw last time? 3 Doyou __ where she lives? b_ Complete the sentences with reminder, mind or memory. 1 Dic the reconstruction jog your acai? 2. What | was just saying has completely sipped my 3 Vilkeep that idea in 4 That note wil serve asa need to take your pls 5 They say an elephant has a really long like you! 6 That day is etched in my for next time for when you for ever Words connected to the mind or brain 5 Complete the text with words from the box. able dense feet gifted half knowledgeable loss precocious uptake _witted Some of my old classmates were unforgettable. For ‘example, [remember someone in my class called Fred. He was extremely quick-(1) and made uusall laugh a lot. He may not have been the most student but because he could think on his — and was never at a (4) for ‘words, he would always do well. He was very popular: ‘Then there was Charlie. He was not always very quick ‘on the (5) ‘with academic subjects and ‘one or wo unkind people called him (6) However, he was incredibly (7) ‘at sports and we all admired him. Elena must have been a bit (8) because she was much younger than the rest of us and yet very (9)__ about all sorts of things. Some people said she was too clever by (10) but liked her.Module 9 Brain power ‘Reading (Paper 1 Part 6) Multiple matching EXPERT STRATEGY 1 There will be some reference to the ideas in the questions in each of the sections. Underline these and keep reading them together with the question wording until you find the correct match, HELP >.Q1 Look for one other reviewer ‘who expresses the same idea as ‘arent worth the hassle! in C > Q3 Reviewer A says the ideas are rot ‘new and challenging’ Which other reviewer thinks they are unoriginal? > Q4 Only one reviewer makes a positive comment about ths, EXPERT LANGUAGE } Find an example ofa colon anda | semicolon in the text. Why have these punctuation marks been used? | EXPERT WORD CHECK ) drag commonplace dabbles hassle in triplicate losing the thread maxim multitasking take stock well-worn woefully 1 Read the title of the text and the introductory sentence, What are you going to read? 2 Read the task and mark the key words in each question, 3 Read all the sections quickly to get an idea of what the reviewers are saying about the book. 4 Dothe task. You are going to read four reviews of a book about how people organise their lives and possessions. For questions 1-4, choose from the reviews A-D. The reviews may be chosen more than once. Which reviewer shares Reviewer C’s view regarding the usefulness of complicated systems for storing things like those featured in the book? i holds a different view to Reviener 8 regarding the extent to which the book makes the reader think? Zi holds a similar view to Reviewer A regarding the originality of some of Levitin’s advice? holds a different view to the others regarding how well the book is structured? a Vocabulary 5a Choose the correct answers. Then find the verbs in the text and check. 1 aspire to do / on doing something 2 expand on / for something 3 approve to / of something 4 -engage to / with something 5 go about doing / 10 do something 6 Jot something aver / down 1 bb Match the verbs in Exercise Sa (1-6) with their meanings (a-f), fa think that something is good. right or suitable b become invohed in and try to understand something want very much to do or achieve something d write something quickly so that you remember it € add more details or information to something you have already seid F begin to do or deal with something, © Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in Exercise 5a. 1 His parents didnt him leaving schoo! but he did it anyway. 2 Hangon - let me Jills number so we can call her later 3 How can we solving this problem? 4 Could you (on your last point, please? I'm not sure | Understand, 5 Asachild,she__be a great artist — she would spend most of her time painting and drawing. 6 The book helped me to the idea of taking responsibilty for my own actions.ailatcy Organized MIND @ Inbis book The Crganized Mind, Daniel Levin's somewhat unfocussed discussion aspires to provide 2 comprehensive account othe way we think about organising everything tnat we regard as possessions, but | kept losing the thread ofthe argument He cfs plenly of psychological det! to make us rellect in new and challenging ways about our mental categories, yt frequently dabbles in dispensing practical tps that couldn’ be described as either new or challenging, Whilst agreeing with the maxim that everything should havea place and be pul back in that place, Levitin expands on thal, seeming to approve of devising overly complex organisational syst for a comalex worl, even describing one in Which lates are printed in tiiat to allow filing chronologically according to topic and by correspondent. | would suggest we can do without most of our paperwork. even love lllers become a drag ® Ifyou hard every single one, @ Dania! Levitin book The Organized Minghas both its strengths ‘and weaknesses. There are tens of thousands of words on topics that ae perfectly interesting in isolation, and yet they do not seem to fit together and you Keep worering whee its al leading, Levitin is strongest when he's making us tke stock of why we do what we do, Organising my study is diferent problem to organising @ library and Levitin forced me to engage with that uth Where the book falls down, however, is in its desire to suggest intricate ways ‘of organising things tits readers. Levitin approach to coruters illustrates this. He makes the familiar arqument that multitasking is distracting problem, but he goes for anovel solution. He suggests, buying several computers, each wit a single purpose one is for work, one for domestic tasks, one fr social networking, eto Whilst he’s apologetic about the cost, one wonders if many p2ople will ry out this simple tix Module 9 Brain power @ Darie! Levitin book The Organized Mindis great on fac, but keeps returning fo universal themes an ideas so that the reader begs to bulld up a clear picture ofthe issues. Along the way, we lear a great Gea about diferent ways of organising 2s things, and some handy techniques are described in encugh detail fr you to adopt them ifyou wish. The book is abit light ‘on insight, However, and seems to miss the valid point that oo ‘much organisation is also a trap. Instead of getting rd o things we dont need, we buy more stt in order to organise the stutt we “© already heve, Mest of the complex filing solutions which Levitin advocates aren't worth the hassle, They are a poor fit for the rich mess tha is really, © The challenge of gating orcanised is both commonolace and dy particular. How we go about organising cur possessions +© can be practical tothe point of banality, but it can also be philosophically eep, something Levitin keeps reminding us of inhis thought-provoking book The Organized Mind. Having sald that, itis his desire to be comorehansive hat weighs onthe book Itis tong and, while it does inolude a great deal to intrigue anc se entertain the rather rendom parade of disparate topics makes it ess than the sum ofits parts, Levitin ofers sensible practical ideas, but these tend tobe rather well-worn, such as: Why not Cattya notebook to jt dawn ideas so that you don forget them?” ‘And when he admiringly describes the way that Joni Mitchell has +5 a customised drawer for Scotch Tapa, anather for masking tape, a third for sting, we realise how woefully nadequee our own arrangements would seem to him. 101Module 9 Brain power Language development 2 > CBp 146, EG p. 186 Verbs + prepositions 1 Complete the text with prepositions from the box. against at by for from (2) of on G3) to with Men and women’s brain how are they J Colacesiles On the whole, scientists tend to agree (1) each other (2) the biological differences between men anid women's brains. There is general consensus, for example, that connections are wired differently between and within each side of the brain However, what they cant always agree (3) 's the extent to which this might explain the differences in behaviour and skills which are often seen in men and women, Men often blame women (4) therr lack of spatial awareness and women accuse men()____not remembering faces or paying attention to detail. Perhaps we should blame it (6) the way our brains are structured instead. Some scientists, honever, are keen to discourage people (7) thinking that biclogy is the only answer They object (8) ‘the emphasis being put on connections in the brain, Believing that any differences which result (9)____this are tiny. For these scientists, behavioural differences are primarily influenced (10) the diferent expectations of society, which is sill based largely (11)___ traditional stereotyping, For this ‘reason, they adse parents (12) _ eying dolls to gis, for example, as they may feel they have tokeep (13) taking up jobs in the caring professions, which are traditionally lower paid, instead. of going for careers in areas more tradtionally aimed (14) boys, such as engineering or physics. 102 2 Choose the correct ansvrers. 1 The success of the project depends on everyone work / to work / working together. 2 We insisted on giving / ving / to give him a lft home at the end of the evening. 3 When nobody took any notice of him, he resorted to shouting / to shout / shouting at them. 4 He couldn't prevent that ! go / me from going / me to goon the tp. 5 We are relying on Ania she reminds / to reminding / to rernind us 6 My fiends tried to discourage me entering / me from entering / that {enter the competition Adjectives + prepositions 3. Replace the words in bold with a preposition and an--ing form. Make any changes necessary. 1 Clare was really upset not to get an invitation to the wedding 2 He phoned to say he was sorry he had taken my car without asking 3 She had started to feel afraid to go out alone at night. 4 Hess really excited that he’s won the match, 5 | know she's really proud that she came fist in the competition. 6 I hadn't done anything like it before, so | was really worried Id make mistakes 7 She was angry that she had to wait for an hour to see a doctor. 8 | was thankful that Id found a piace to stay. Nouns + prepositions 4 Choose the correct answers 1 The prospect of / ai working overtime dicin' fil me with great enthusiasm. 2 The delay of /in the arrival of the Madrid train was, caused by a tree on the line. 3 | thought Guys belief in / with human nature was really touching 4 Their insistence on /of leaving early was really very unusual for then 5. There is absolutely no point of / in worrying about itnow 6 I think our surprise in / at what they had achieved pleased them. 7 The effect of /on what had happened on / in the whole family was devastating 8 | have recently developed a fascination of / for modern artModule 9 Brain power Use of English (Paper 1 Part 2) Open cloze HELP > Q1_ You need a word that means ‘having the ability or qualities for something. > Q5 You need a preposition to complete this mult-word verb. > Q7_ The word unobtrusive helps you to know what is needed here. EXPERT LANGUAGE ) Find an example of a compound adjective in the tex. Read the title ofthe text and think about what you're going to read. Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning. Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will fit in each gap. Do the task Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) Clean jeans that wash away pollution An unusual collaboration (0)_between_ chemists and fashion experts has produced pollution- busting clothes, which are (1) of cleaning up urban air as people walk around. The researchers produced prototype jeans in (2) the denim was laden with nanoparticles of titanium dioxide. These particles catalyse the destruction of nitrogen oxides, the main cause of low level urban pollution. The technology is not new, but the application is. Catalytic clothing, (3) it's known, was first exhibited at science and fashion shows, with the particles sprayed onto the denim, In(@) to bring the idea o a mass market, scientists came (S)_____with a laundry active to add the titanium in a domestic washing machine. This means that there's now a good chance of (6) ___ areal difference to air quality. Clothes need only bbe washed once with the laundry product because the unobtrusive nanoparticles grip tightly on to fabric fibres (7) affecting the look or feel ofthe clothing (8) _best suited to denim and ‘ther cottons, they also work with other materials,Module 9 Brain power | Writing (Paper 2 Part 1: Essay) > CB pp, 148-149, EW pp. 191-192 EXPERT STRATEGY 1 Make sure: you have included a range of vocabulary and structures, your ideas are linked together with discourse markers such as adverbials. you are within the recommended word limit. Structuring paragraphs Ja Read the task and three paragraphs from students’ essays. Match each paragraph with cone of the reasons for studying science given in the task. Ignore the words in italics in the paragraphs at this stage, Reasons for studying science at university + interesting and relevant + career prospects + importance to society ‘Some opinions expressed in the discussion: ‘These days scientists have a particularly vita role to play in society’ ‘Science graduates find it easier to get high-paying ‘itis more fun to study subjects such as languages or the humanities’ (1) ist / Because science subjects have reputation _forbeing dry and specialised, his is not necessarily the case (2) Nevertheless / ln ft the knowledge and stills ccquted (5) such as / jst like problem solving, ae fascinating and applicable to any profession, (2) for xan /natony science tlt job. [19 beyond doubt that there are many issues which need sotenbfic mput these days f ox planet © to surwe, (5) due to! because the everincressing demands we make on the worlds resources. Future saenbiss wil face huge chalenges, (6) whether its developing new communications systems (7) and lor contnbutng towards making the world a better place, c (©) addition / As welt 9 being nigry exployable te has beer shown tnt selzwce graduates are wore Lieely to 20 greater rewards in raonetany terms. tt common kanawkedge Shot chemistry and physics graduates earn well above the average salary awd (9) what's more /although thet is not tre onkig reason to study, these sudjects, itis without doubt a strong incentive. (40) Consequently /Nererthelass, one would expect coLence to gain. iv populavity. Now match each paragraph with one of the opinions in the task. Does each student agree or disagree with ‘each opinion? Have they used the same wording/ ‘expressions as in the task? Underline the topic sentence in each paragraph. ‘Choose the correct linking words or phrases in the paragraphs in Exercise 1. Introduction 4 In the introduction, the language is usually impersonal. Revmrite these sentences to make them less personal 1 People generally agree that science is a good suibjact to study at university Scene 2 People used to feel that careers in science and maths ‘would be more suitable for boys. itused 3. Many schools have claimed that science is where the future is. te 4 Students often assume that science is too difficult Science Conclusion 5 Complete these concluding phrases with words from. the box. alin on(xa) overall up 1 Tosum 4 balance, | feel. 2 conclusion, 5 things considered, . 3 e whole 6 | believe that Writing task 6 Now do the task in Exercise 1,10 A positive outloo 10A Teamwork Vocabulary development 1 » cBp.is4 ‘Word formation: fitness 1 Complete the text with words formed from the words in brackets. Aday in the life of a footballer _ After getting up at about six | do a bit of yoga, which isessental to(1) (sure) my body is ‘warm and fiexble. My breaklast usvally the same: 12) (vary) have porridge with frutt. Then I drive to work, drinking the first of my five daily bottles ‘of water on the way its really important to avoid 3)__(nydrate) Gn the way to the football ground, | just swtch off and listen to music: My (4) (ft) programme ‘begins as soon as | get to the ground. This will involve exercises 0 bulld up core (5) (strong), as well as a lot of (6) {resist) work in the gym, which focuses (7) (specif) on different groups of muscles ata time We then move on to football training. All of this work (8) (able) tus to have the stamina to go on and play maiches without geting injured or exhausted. its a huge (9) (commit) but | love every minute. A‘ lunchtime | wil eat protein such as chicken, lots of vegetables and some carbs ~ bread and potatoes ~ and wil then have atest Sleep is very important with all the training we do. In fact, itis fairly (10) (@cepiion) if go to bed later than 9 30, Not very glamorous, but it keeps me fit and well ‘Verb + noun collocations 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box. burn catch come hold make 11 Although sportspeople a lotof calories, they still have to waich their diet. 2 Being an athlete involves commitment 3 Itmust be hard to toterms with injury when it means giving up your career. 4 Jessica Ennis, my attention at the 2012 Olympics. | hadnt heard of her before 5 Usain Bott currently the record for the 100-metre sprint a lifelong Prepositional phrases 3 Choose the correct answers. 1 Most sportspeople probably feelin / under pressure much of the time, 2 We have varied and interesting lives, but its at /in the expense of our personal relationships. 3 In order to be on / by top form, we have to train every day. 4 We have a fitness coach who's in / at charge of our programmes. 5 On/ To an extent his reputation was based on his public image. 6 Its important to keep your emotions at / in check while performing, 7 On/ interns of nutrition, the important thing is a healthy diet. 8 Its important to be with / in good hands, so choose the best coach you can find. Sport metaphors 4° Match the sentence halves. 1 Antonia is always on 2. | heard that your favourite sports player's in 3 Because they moved 4 As expected, Adam sailed 5 When he speaks to me, he tends to skate 6 You took the wind out of his 7 He made the decision on the spur of 8 We have all had to rein in a the goalposts without informing me, |am behind with my work b the moment, taking us all by surprise. through the rugby trials with flying colours. d the ball, so | let her deal with all the complaints at work. © our spending habits during the recession. f sails by accusing him outright like that. §§ the running for another award this year. fi around the topics that he doesn't want to discuss.Module 10 Teamwork Use of English (Paper 1 Part 1) Multiple-choice cloze 1 _Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning. 2 Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will fit in each gap. Can you predict the answer without looking at the options? 3 Dothe task. 4 Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? HELP > QI You need a word that means For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or ‘effi var D) best fits each gap. There isan example at the beginning (0). > Q2 You need to create a phrasal " verb with up. Formula One development driver » @B_Only one of these words can be followed by to. EXPERT LANGUAGE } Find three examples of relative clauses in the tex. iim one of 580 team members whose job itis to (0) _A__ that our Forrnula One cars are as competitive as possible. My job (7). is Development Driver, a role which involves both helping to (2) the cars up for races and testing new parts on a simulator. | crive a mock- up car, under an egg-shaped dome, surrounded by 3D computer screens, which are (3) to a team of engineers siting behind a glass partition. | can (4) up 100 laps a day, at up t0 300 kilometres an hour, in an environment of total secrecy at the team factory. What the engineers want is the mos. precise description of how the car is performing on the track, (5) they can convert that information into faster laptime, Ata Grand Prix.| always have my headset on, listening to the (6) from the drivers If they have any (7) with the way the car is handling, the engineers can make Suggestions (8) on the techniques weve tried in the simulator 0 Acnsure Benable Cenforce Dencourage 1 Aheading Ble Cropic D subject 2 Aset B make Cet D put 3 Aobseved —Bshared Connected — Dmonitored 4 Atecord Bsum C count D clock 5 Aaparfrom Binowerto Co that Das well as 6 Abacklog setback C backup D feedback 7 Aissues B matiers C bothers D questions B Aaccording Based Ciollowing relatedLanguage development 1 > CBp. 157, £6 p. 163, Participle clauses i Choose the correct answers. Sometimes both options are possible, 1 As soon as / When she walked into the room, she saw what had happened. 2 Because / if she had trained really hard, she was disappointed not to be chosen for the team. 3 People who / when arrive early are more likely to get aplace 4 Since / As we left the theatre later than we expected, we missed the last train, 5 | knew it was going to be really icy on the roads, 50 / because | refused ta let my daughter drive 6 If /When itis eaten hor, it tastes even more delicious Match the sentences in Exercise 1 (1-6) with the functions (a-e). You need to use some of the functions more than once. a reason ¢ relative clause b time d condition e result Rewrite the sentences in Exercise 1 using participle clauses. auawna ‘Complete the sentences with the present or past atticiple form of the verbs in the box. convince invite leam notbe able realise rescue want wear 1 my boss for a barbecue, | then remembered that | was supposed to be going to a concert the same evening. a that | would be really tired, Mark had booked usa table ata lovely restaurant. 3 The family from the rainforest last night spoke of their ordeal to BEC News. 4 that I failed, | didn’t even bother to ‘ook at the results. 5 with boots and a jacket, those jeans can look quite elegant. 10 see more of the country, Andy extended his visa ov French at school, | decided I like to ve Spanish a go now. 8 to swim, Alex stayed by the shore and waiched us surfing Join the sentences using participle clauses. Make any changes necessary. 1 ma member of the club, That's why | get priority bbooking for home matches, 2 She needs to be given a loi of suppor. this happens, she could be a really good player. 3 [ran out of the office. [then hailed a taxi and jumped in 4 Tima bit lazy Because of that, 'd never make a world-class tennis player 5 | quickly realised my team weren't going to win. | decided to leave. 6 | knew he wanted to see the game. | bought tickets for both of us. to-infinitive clauses 6 Join the sentences using to-infinitive clauses to replace the words in bold, Make any changes necessary. 1 My personal trainer phoned me. He wanted to arrange a session 2 (finally got to the football ground. Then | discovered that my son hadn't been chosen for the team. 3 You should see him play. you did, you'd thine he was a professional 4 Tset off te meet Richard at the cinema. Only then did I realise 'd got the wrong date 5 iravela lot. Iknow that delays are inevitable 6 | spent ages writing a proposal. Ihad to presentit at the meeting,‘Use of English (Paper 1 Part 2) Open cloze HELP > QI You need a preposition here > QS Which word completes this fixed phrase that expresses contrast? > QB Isthe answer a relative pronoun oF a conjunction? Read carefully to be sure. EXPERT LANGUAGE ) Look back atthe text. Find three examples of adverbs used to escribe the extent or degree of something Read the title of the text and think about what you are going to read, Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning, Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will ft in each gap, Do the task. Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each space. There is an example at the ‘beginning (0). E-health ‘What is known (0) a3 e-health is one of the most interesting developments of the electronic age. The term is applied to a range of devices designed to help us manage our personal health. A growing ‘number of apps and wearable devices are now (1) _ _ the market allowing the individual to monitor (2) __ things as the burning of calories and fertility cycles. Yet scientists say that these wearable devices barely scratch the surface of (3) will eventually be possible. They see much greater potential (4) direct therapeutic intervention as (5) to passive monitoring One hand-held device is already delivering treatment for migraine headaches, through the use of electronic pulses (6) _ of drugs. The device, which looks (7) an electric razor, is placed against the neck, where it simulates the vagus nerve. The electronic pulses help control a substance called glutamine, (8) has been linked to migraines. In one clinical trial, the device provided effective pain relief in 43 percent of cases.Listening (Paper 3 Part 3) Multiple choice EXPERT STRATEGY } Listen to the interviewer's questions carefully — they help you to know which question you should be looking atin the task HELP > QI Listen to the end of Jennie's turn to hear the answer > Q2 You need to listen to what both Paul and Jennie say to find the > Q4 Listen to what Jennie says about the approach the team adopted EXPERT LANGUAGE ) Find two adjectives with negative prefixes in the questions EXPERT WORD CHECK ) aptitude heightened incremental manva) meticulous parachute prowess put time aside wanscend waned 1 Module 10 Teamwork Read the instructions for the task and answer the questions, 1 How many speakers are you going to hea’? 2 What are they going to talk about? Look at the questions and mark the key words in the stems and options. GRM Do the task, You will hear an interview with a skydiver called Jennie Parks, who recently took part in a record-breaking formation jurnp, and Paul Grimes, a skydiving instructor. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A. B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. 1. What motivated Jennie to take part in the record-breaking jump? ‘A. a desire to set herself new challenges Ba cetermination to prove somebody wrong a feeling that she should support other female skydivers, D_asense of dissatisfaction with her own skydiving performance 2. Paul disagrees with Jennies point that ‘Aa skyciver’ first jump is the hardest. B experience lessens the thrill of skydiving, C learning to turn in the air takes a lot of skill D__ women ate better suited to skydiving than men, 3 What does Paul suggest about the success of Jennie’s record breaking jump? A Itreflected the thoroughness of the planning B The design of the parachutes was the key factor. C The individual skydivers didn’ need to be particularly skilled, D Controlling the speed of the fall was the greatest achievement, 4 What does Jennie say about the record-breaking jump? ‘A. The international make-up of the team caused communication problems, B Coordinating the work of the pilots led to unexpected delays. C__Itwas frustrating not to have succeeded at the first atterpt. D__ twas achieved in less time than had been anticipated, 5 For Jennie personally the hardest aspect of the jump was A. dealing with unreliable radio equipment. B remembering the correct sequence of moves. C following the lead of the designated ‘superfloater. D__ knowing which teammates to make physical contact with 6 How did Jennie feel during the second formation? ‘A concerned that she'd made a technical error B confused by some of the leader's instructions aware of her individual responsibilty to the group D_wortied about the judges’ attitude tovrards her groupReading (Paper 1 Part 8) Multiple matching if Read the title of the text and the introductory sentence. What do you know about orienteering? Read the task and mark the key words in each question, Read the text quickly to get an idea of how it structured and what issues are discussed in each section. What is the main focus of each section? Look at question 1 and find the sections of the text that talk about the skills needed for the sport. Look for sentences about people doing the sport for the first time. Write the question number next to these sections so you can find them again quickly. Then read these sections carefully and decide which section matches the exact wording of question 1. ‘Repeat the procedure for the other questions. You are going to read an article about the sport of orienteering. For questions 1-10, choose from the sections (A-D). The sections may be chosen more than once. In which section does the writer mention: the typical skis profile ofa novice at the sport? i being advised of the best way to avoid getting lost? 2 a growing awareness of certain features of the landscape? 3 the need to bear an important safety requirement in mind? a proof that her choice of course had been appropriate? 5 seeking to justify an error ofjudgement? [Bj another context to give an idea of the level of challenge in one course? D. a way of measuring the aptitude of individuals for the activity? a seeing participants adopting very different attitudes towards the activity? [ol being amused by the use of certain terminology? 10) Vocabulary 6 Match the sentence halves to form sentences with collocations from the text. 1 In the forest, its easy to lose 2 IF you get into difculties, you should raise 3 Ifyou need help, ask the marshal to give 4 Ifsomeone goes missing, well send 5 The runners set off at 6 If you get lost, try to retrace 7 The checkpoint was tucked 8 Asan orienteer, it's important to pay 9 If youre feeling confident, why not lay a outa search party b your bearings. ¢ down the gaurtie. d youa few tips, e your steps. F attention to interesting paths 8B outof view. fh regular intervals i analer, EXPERT STRATEGY J Be careful similar ideas may be expressed in different sections of the text, You need to look for the one that matches the wording of the question exactly HII HELP >@ >@ Be careful: the words getting lst appear in Section C bbut this may not be the answer. Look for words describing hil, plants, ete, These are all features of the landscape. \Which section deals with a situation where participants’ safety becomes an issue? EXPERT LANGUAGE 1 Find a verb formed by adding a suffix to.a noun in | section C of the tex. | >a EXPERT WORD CHECK 1 attuned checkzoints compass countdown beeps | fan base hollow overshoot retrace my steps shrubbery twiddleThe ART of orienteering Our reporter gets her f The aim of orientooring is to navignte cross-country between a series of points marked on a map in the fastest time possible, and it hasa growing fan base. 1 attended a club event which offers courses at a range of levels, The easiest is simple to follow, safe for families with young children and has control points at exery turn, whereas the most challenging is physically demanding and navigationally complex — think mnlltary-Ievel map skills. 'm competing on the 2.5-kilometre moderate ‘orange’ course and although the length isthe direct distance between the nine eontrol points, the distance yeu actually travel might be considerably more. “Most people quicker than they can map-read, at least when ne ofthe friendly marshals at the registration tent‘ you ean do a kilometre in ten minutes, you knew what you're doing” Tan reckens the Orange should lake newbies like: me an hour they're staring ont,” says Tan, © The set-up for taking part in an orienteering event is simple. Tve brought my own compass, but hire an electronic “dibber’ card that will record my arrival time at each control point and the organisers provide the map. Because Tin a beginner, Tan gives me a few tips on technique: ‘Orientate the map fist, then move yourself and have an idea of what distance you need to travel to the next feature ~ its easy tocoverstioot and lose your bearings. Abways report back to the start or finish, even if you don't complete the course: Othenvise you'l raise a “missing-person” alert and the ‘organisers wll send out a search party’ An orienteering map isnt entirely intuitive. Woodland is masked as white unless it’s dense woodland, which is green. Fields are yellow, earthworks are brown, green stripes mean “undergrowth ~ slow run’, narrow groen stripes are ‘undergrowth ~ fight’. [like a map legend with @ sense of humour. There's no mass start in orienteering. Competitors sct off at timed intervals. I gct ten countdown beeps and set off. 1 align the map with north, twiddle myself around and identify the path I necd to follow into the woods to get to Control 1, an orange and white lag. © There are two elements to getting lost: the First is realising, the second is to work out where you actually are. Five minutes, later, when I fail to reach my first goal, I stop, chock the compass, make sure I'm not holding the mep upside down and serutinise the terra, I discover I'm closer to Control 7 {Han Control 1, so retrace my steps downhill, almost back to t taste of the sport Module 10 Feeling good the beginning, There go my vainglovious hopes of beginners’ triumph. But the sun is shining, the woodland is beautiful and I decide that going the long way around is surely part ofthe fun, L work out the direction and distance to the nest point. Control 2is only afew hnmdred metres away, tucked out of view ima litle natural hhollow off the path, but I find it protty quickly. My delight i childlike —1 found the treasure! [feel a deep sense of satisfaction, Te never paid as much attention to intersecting paths and changes of shrubbery astoday. My senses are attuned, the blood is flowing through the grey matter us much as it is through iy legs. I spot fellow orienteering fans navigating their way through the woodland in different directions. 1's lovely ‘way to enjoy the countryside. © As 1 ib’ the finish, sweaty and triumphant, I see my ot stub at orienteering has taken just under 65 minutes Without that initial detour, Pd have been well inside my one-hour target. The gauntlet is laid down: I'm hooked. Finishing ahead of us are a family who took an hour to walk the shorter ‘white’ course, stopping en route for a picnic in the woods; rushing up behind us isan elite runner Who's completed the eight-klometre ‘brown’ course with 22 checkpoints in.50 minutes. Orienteering can be the adventure sport you want it to be. There’ the thrill ofthe treasure hunt, the physical challenge of heading out cross- country over unprepared ground. It exercises both mind and bod); is both sociable ard inexpensive and, if my club is anything to go by, incredibly welcoming to newcomers.Module 10 Feeling good 3° Match the phrasal verbs in Exercise 2 (1-8) Vocabulary development 2 ‘with thelr meanings (a). | > cBp 160 a use up = b start daing again | Word formation: leisure activities ¢ escape from — } d start being involved 1 Complete the text with words formed from the words e spread in brackets. f recover from — g find the time havoid = ‘My mother has zlways wanted to do amateur @ (Grama). After going for an audition with a local group, she was given her first part, much to her Reading @ (amaze). She finds it very @) Soi th (reward) and at least it’s better than spending the whole 4 Complete these with wordelfom fhe box time (4)__ (garden), which is what she used to do. bookworm browse caught compulsive dip Myself, Ido very litte in my free time ~ I'm somewhat en Papakea) Seep! Seth ofa couch potato — although I've done a course in trashy value widely works )_____(ereate) writing, It was very interesting sl Umde evoienev(@__—_ ead) gone Im always teading and read qute (1) ataley Toi ED) ores I often get through a couple of books a week, OF ee ey a (2) trom fairy (@) novels to What I quite faney doing next is some furniture ire €Bp 162, 6G p 183 4 Cross out the one incorrect option for each sentence. Modals and semi-modals (Part 2): certainty, 1 I think___switch off your willingness and characteristic behaviour phone: ‘A you are obliged 1 Replace the words in bold with a word from the box. Make B youd better any changes necessary. More than one answer may be C you should possible. 2 Clients sign out before shall will wont would leaving the premises. ———— Aare required to 1 My friend and | used to clean people's cars to earn money Bareto when we were kids. Cmustto 2 The dishwasher isn’t working, | don't know why 3 You to buy anything 3 {think that this new information is sure to change your mind ‘A are under no obligation 4 Is it possible for you to shut the door, please? I's cole. B needn't 5 Let me help you C shouldrtt fee! under pressure 6 Can you possibly move your car, please? 4itis lock your car ifyou leave 7 My brother never takes the dog for a walk ~ | always have to thaws doit. A advisable to 8 It's typical of her to be late just when we are in such a hurry B suggested to cs C recommended that you Bodaliieysion. 5 Visitors 10 feed the animals. 2 Choose the correct answers. A are prohibited B are forbidden 1 wih yu phoned. | could should have come round to ere 2 lam a member, so | didn’t have to pay / needn't have paid for 6 All books are ___to be returned the tickets. | just showed them my card. to school before the end of term. 3 Ml wait for you here, wil/shall 12 ‘A supposed 4 That was a bit scary. We could / would have been stopped by B meant. the police, C advised 5 am really pleased that | can / could see you in Paris next week 7 The school doesn't students 6 It 00k a while but finaly | could / was able to get te car wear uniform on trips. started, and we set off A make 7 The audience got fed up because they werent able to / cant B insist hear very well C force 8 That's really kind, but you really shouldn't / mustn't have spent 8 ft___forall passengers to clear all that money! soaimy check, 3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in As isaisted the box and the modals in brackets, EB. compubary: Mabon sng moss a beac __ C is necessary be do have leave make remove tak tell AE 5 Wihite sentences using the incorrect 1 Its notimponant | (rot have to) it svaightaway. options in Exercise 4. 2 You (should) me you were coming | would have picked you up. 2 3 'mnotsure where she is. | suppose she (might) to a Stella downstairs. — 4 It’s really late and 'm a bit worried. He. (could) an 4 accident. 5 5A long as you sign this document, there (should) 6 a problem 3 6 You (need) a meal for me yesterday. | told you | would be going out. 8 7 They (can) already, surely. t's only five o'clock 8 Books (must from the library under any circumstances.| FE] esse, (Use of English (Paper i part 4) Key word transformations 1 Read the instructions for the task and look at the example. Think about how the two sentences are different and notice how the ‘meaning hasn't changed. Do the task. i HELP ! > QI Change a noun in the frst For questions 1-10, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar ‘meaning to the first sentence, using the word given, Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). sentence into an adjective, > Q2 How is ought different to other modal verbs? >:Q4: You need to use an impersonal 0 We need to get a taxi or they will leave before we get there. passive structure here. Tie Uniess we get a taxi, they wll have left by the time we get there. EXPERT LANGUAGE 1 1 By law, airlines are obliged to check each passenger's passport. Look back atthe task. Find two UNDER ‘examples of compound nouns Airlines are check each passenger's passport. where two words ave writen as one 2 ‘think we'd better report the incident to the police’ said Vincent OUsHT Vincent said that the incident __ to the police, 3 Almost everybady thinks that the couple will announce their engagement shortly WIDELY The couple are. point of announcing their engagement. 4. There is a rumour going round that the film star intends to sell his house is The film star to sell his house. 5 Do you mind if ask you some questions about your free-time activities? OBJECTION ‘Would you answering some questions about your free-time activities? 6 I don't think the proposal will meet with widespread support. UNLIKELY In my meet with widespread support. 7 Itanmoys me that Sandra is always checking for messages on her smartphone. WISH 1 keep checking for messages on her smartphone. 8 From the look on Tom's face, you can see the interview probably hasn't gone well iF From the look on Tom's face, the interview hasnt gone nell 9 Iwill only go fishing ithe weather improves. UNLESS ' is an improvement in the weather. 10. Harriet could remember very tle about her childhood holiday in Spain, HARDLY Harriet _ about her childhood holiday in Spain.Writing (Paper 2 Part 2: Proposal) > CB pp 164-165, EWp 196 EXPERT STRATEGY 1 + Plan carefully. Remember to include reasons and suggestions in your plan + Invent your own ideas and facts based on the task + Decide on the number of paragraphs, headings, a title, introduction and conclusion + Be consistent in your style of language, Planning content 1 Which of these conventions is notimportant in proposals? 1a formal/impersonal style 2 a persuasive opinioryrecammendiation 3 headings 4 descriptive language 5 being concise and direct 2 Read the task and then look at the points below. Which ones should you not include in your proposal? ‘You work in the student services office at an international language college. Ina client satisfaction survey, several students have suggested running fitness lasses during the lunch breaks. You have decided to send a proposal to the principal (of the college, asking for permission to do this and for practical assistance. Your proposal should include the following information. : + why you think such classes would be beneficial + what kind of activities could be held + what kind of hep you would need from the college White your proposal in 220-260 words. 1 suggestions for other research you could do 2 possible reasons as to why students need fitness dasses at lunchtime (eg. gym too far away, nothing todo) 3 other alternatives to fitness activities 4 alist of possible fitness classes (e.g Pilates, youa, running club) 5 petmission to hold fitness classes somewhere in the college 6 a suggestion for how much students should pay 7 ideas for activities which are run by other colleges 8 how to publicse the classes 9 suggestions for healthy lunches after the classes 10 a request for subsidy from college to pay fitness teachers Module 10 Feeling good Organisation 3 Decide how many paragraphs you will have and ‘what the headings will be. Use the task input to holp you organise this and remember to include all the information required. Using appropriate language 4a Which of these sentence openings are too informal for an introduction? 1 im writing this proposal because 2 The purpose of this proposal is 3 The aims of this proposal are 4 The point of writing this proposal is 5 Why | decided to rite this proposal is 6 In this proposal. | will/intend to adress issues raised in b Which of these sentence openings for recommendations are too informal for @ conclusion? 1 I would suggest’ 5 Lets. recommend that 6 It would bea good 2 Ithink itwould idea to be great if. 7 itis doubtful whether. 3 Why dontwe.? 8 Isirongly urge 4 How about..7 Being persuasive 5 Which ofthese final paragraphs is the most effective? Why? A Ly recommendations woud be as folows: * to employ a teache to come in three tenes 3 week to teach a cess n yoga, Plates and are dance * to mtrocce a smal fee @5) for each clase, wth the college making up the rest ofthe fee * classes to take place m the hall * taice 2 week, one ofthe teams to lead a runing group | am conlident that f these eas were to be implemented, wwe would nave a happer and heathiew group of students Invnuy view, we weed to do something to leetp ovr students happy and | suggest that the best way is to provide thent with the classes they ave asking for. This could be a wixture of fitwess cuasses. such as uoga, and outdoor exercise, ike running, | feel sure thot students would be willing to pay something sownrds the ence Lees ack then and then perhaps the eoltege eoula contribute towards tt as well Writing task 6 Now do the task in Exercise 1.