International Exam Preparation: IEP 1

UNIT 4
LISTENING COMPREHENSION

PRACTICE: PART A – SHORT QUESTIONS

Now you will hear some short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the
conversation. The conversations and questions will not be repeated. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in
your test book and choose the best answer.

1. 6.
A. She is too busy to join the drama club. A. She thinks the man should order the fish.
B. She plans to change her class schedule. B. She wants the man to choose quickly.
C. She does not like her part-time job. C. She prefers the chicken.
D. She is already a member of the drama club. D. She cannot decide what to eat.

2. 7.
A. He plans to rest for a few days. A. She will not make an exception for the man.
B. He went shopping for some warm clothes. B. She will let the man borrow her film.
C. He is going camping with his friends next C. The man should borrow the film from the
weekend. library.
D. His room gets cold at night. D. The man should return the film today.

3. 8.
A. Go to the party with the man A. She does not think it will snow.
B. Take her aunt to the party B. The location of the session has changed.
C. Invite the man to the play C. The session might be canceled.
D. See a play with her aunt D. She will probably be too tired to walk to the
session.

4.
A. She will not be a candidate next year. 9.
B. She does not believe the news. A. He is very hungry.
C. The news does not upset her. B. He has made plans to eat with someone else.
D. The news will disappoint Mary. C. He did not like what he ate for lunch.
D. He will go with the woman.

5.
A. Apologize to his roommate. 10.
B. Give the notes to the woman A. He does not like his new job.
C. Call the woman tonight B. He is no longer the coach.
D. Take the woman notes to his roommate C. His opinion of the coaching job changed.
D. He wants to work on different days.

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 1

11. 16.
A. She likes the man’s new glasses. A. The woman already knew about the increase
B. She prefers the man’s old glasses. in fees.
C. The man looks better without glasses. B. The dorms will be cheaper than off-campus
D. The man’s glasses are better looking than housing.
hers are. C. The woman thinks the man should move out
of the dorm.
D. The woman is pleased she will not have to
pay the higher fees.
12.
A. He does not know how to find the student’s
grade.
B. He does not know if Professor Wilson has 17.
finished grading the midterm exams. A. Take the class this semester
C. He is not allowed to tell the student her B. Get permission to take the class
grade. C. Take the class over again
D. Professor Wilson does not want to be D. Register for the class next semester
contacted while she is away.

18.
13. A. He told the woman to take seven courses this
A. It has been too warm to wear the jacket. semester.
B. The jacket is too big for him. B. He knew that the woman’s schedule would
C. He does not like cold weather. be too difficult for her.
D. He did not buy the jacket until cooler C. His current schedule is also very demanding.
weather arrived. D. Taking so many classes will enable the
woman to graduate early.

14.
A. Business courses have become popular. 19.
B. The school only offers business courses. A. The style of sweater she is wearing is very
C. The business school has a new program. common.
D. The school has just started to offer business B. The man saw Jill wearing the sweater.
courses. C. She wore the sweater for the first time
yesterday.
D. She usually does not borrow clothes from Jill.

15.
A. It took a long time to finish the building.
B. He was too busy to notice the opening of the 20.
hotel. A. She did not realize that their team had won.
C. He did not know the hotel had a restaurant. B. Their team nearly lost the game.
D. He would like to meet the woman for brunch C. She called to find out the score of the game.
next Sunday. D. Their team usually wins its games.

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 1

21. 26.
A. There are not very many hotels in the area. A. The man does not have air-conditioning.
B. She stayed at the Cover Inn last month. B. The man’s air conditioner is broken.
C. She is not sure the man’s parents would like C. The man has not been using his air
the Clover Inn. conditioner.
D. It may be too late to get a room at the Clover D. The summer has been unusually hot.
Inn.

27.
22. A. She has been hired to work at the bookstore.
A. Spend more time in the laboratory B. She will check the job listings posted at the
B. Speak with the professor about the grade bookstore.
C. Ask the professor for help with the next C. She will soon have a job interview at the
assignment bookstore.
D. Start working on the next assignment now. D. She does not want to work at the bookstore.

23. 28.
A. The man is upset that he was not invited to A. The shoes he bought were expensive.
the party. B. The woman should wait for a clearance sale.
B. The man and the woman live in different C. The store may have inexpensive shoes for the
buildings. woman.
C. The woman’s friends were louder than she D. He will help the woman look for an
expected they would be. interesting pair of shoes.
D. The woman had not intended to serve food
and beverages at the party.

29.
A. He needs extra time to finish the budget
24. proposal.
A. Ask Alice if the man can borrow the novel B. He did not work on the budget proposal
B. Return the novel to Alice immediately yesterday.
C. Help the man find his own copy of the novel C. This is the first time that he has made a
D. Find out how much the novel costs budget proposal.
D. He thinks he might finish the budget proposal
on time.

25.
A. He would rather have visited a museum.
B. The art was better than he expected. 30.
C. A lot of people went to see the exhibit. A. He would like to apply for a replacement
D. The tickets for the exhibit were very card.
expensive. B. He needed to see a doctor two weeks ago.
C. He is pleased that the woman found the card.
D. He is glad he was finally able to get an
appointment.

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 1

PRACTICE: PART B – EXTENDED CONVERSATIONS

Now you will hear a longer conversation. After the conversation, you will hear several questions. The conversation and
questions will not be repeated. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best
answer. Remember you are NOT allowed to take notes or write in your book.
31. 36.
A. To help students improve their grades A. The differences between old and new
B. To start a new student magazine archaeology
C. To provide assistance to student writers B. The content of a class assignment
D. To place students in jobs at publishing C. A request for more time to complete an
companies assignment
D. Recent research about the ancient Pompeii

32.
A. They work together at the library. 37.
B. They took a class together. A. Analyze it using the processual and one other
C. They are on the staff of the campus literary approach
review. B. Analyze it , comparing it to another site
D. They met at a writer’s conference. C. Identify the origin of artifacts founds at the
site
D. Identify the various civilizations that occupied
the site
33.
A. Becoming a teaching assistant for Professor
Mitchell
B. Getting a job as a librarian 38.
C. Completing her project ahead of schedule A. It refers to an approach that is no longer
D. Having her poetry included in a publication used.
B. It refers to several approaches that have little
in common.
C. It is a term that is no longer appropriate.
34. D. It is a term used only by non-archaeologists.
A. He is an experienced writer.
B. He is the editor of the literary review.
C. Professor Mitchell recommended him.
D. She believes he will contribute useful 39.
comments. A. To combine all archaeological approaches
into one approach
B. To identify the role of individuals within a
society
35. C. To compare ancient and modern societies
A. Suggestions for additional assistance D. To explain why cultures change
B. Written critiques of their work
C. Time in class to work on their project
D. Permission to use the meeting room in the
library 40.
A. He chose a prehistoric site to analyze.
B. He will be able to refer to ancient written
texts.
C. He wants to study how ancient cultures are
similar to modern ones.
D. He plans to consult with specialists in other
fields.

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 1

PRACTICE: PART C – SHORT TALKS

Now you will hear a short talk. After the talk, you will hear some questions. The talk and the questions will not be repeated.
After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Remember you are NOT
allowed to take notes or write in your book.

41. 47.
A. By collecting food during the summer A. Differences between the ponderosa pine and
B. By living under mud other fire-resistant trees
C. By finding insects hiding underground B. A strategy to prevent fires in pine forests
D. By moving to warmer climates C. Reasons that ponderosa pine wood is so
valuable
D. The role of fire in the lifecycle of the
42. ponderosa forests
A. Because it occurs every year
B. Because it is not seasonal
C. Because it does not cover a great distance 48.
D. Because it is not related to breeding behavior A. They lose their scales.
B. Their bark’s color and texture change.
C. They reproduce at a slower rate.
43. D. Their trunks become twisted.
A. Birds that migrate produce more eggs.
B. Birds that migrate have access to more food.
C. Birds that migrate have more potential mates 49.
to choose from. A. The bark has a high moisture content
D. Birds that migrate produce healthier eggs. B. The bark takes a long time to catch fire
C. Pieces of the bark that catch fire fall off the
tree.
44. D. Nutrients in the bark act as a natural fire
A. Their literary value suppressant
B. The debate over who wrote them
C. The time period in which they were written
D. Why they are still popular today 50.
A. More houses were built near forests of
ponderosa pine trees.
45. B. The price of lumber from ponderosa pine
A. The Iliad was written after the Odyssey trees decreased.}
B. The first European poems were not written in C. The fires became larger and more intense.
Greek. D. Destructive crown fires were reduced.
C. The poet called Homer wrote the Iliad but not
the Odyssey.
D. The poet called Homer never existed.

46.
A. The portrayal of the characters in the poems
B. Archaeological findings in Greece
C. Research conducted by Milman Parry
D. Claims made by ancient Greek authors about
the poems

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2

GRAMMAR BLOCK 4

Grammar spotlight: Modal verbs and passive voice

A. MAIN USES OF MODAL VERBS
PRACTICE 1: Here are some examples of the 12 basic ways that modal verbs are used. Match each group of
sentences with the letter of the appropriate use from the box below.

a. Expressing ability (present, past) g. Giving advice

b. Expressing obligation / duty h. Making offers, requests, suggestions
c. Expressing necessity i. Making affirmative logical assumptions
d. Expressing absence of obligation/ necessity j. Making negative logical assumptions
e. Expressing possibility k. Criticizing
f. Asking for and giving permission l. Prohibiting/ forbidding

1. ……………. 7. ……………...
He can play the piano. You really should see a doctor.
She could walk by the age of one. You shouldn’t smoke so much.
He won’t be able to come. We ought to go home.
They weren’t able to call. You ought not to tease the dog like that.

2. …………… 8. …………….
I must speak to the bass, it’s urgent! You really should be more careful.
He has to wear a suit to work You should have been more careful.
They had to cancel their vacation. You ought to have told me first.

3. …………….. 9. ………………
Can I give you a handa? You don’t have to rush. You can do it later.
Shall I make some more coffee? You needn’t buy sugar. I got some yesterday.
Here, I’ll do that for you. He didn’t need to worry. The test was easy.
We might / may as well leave. She needn’t have worried.

4. ……….. 10. ……………...

He must be tired after working so hard. “Must I decide now, or can I tell you later?”
They must be sleeping. It’s past midnight. “I have to see the boss.”
She must have enjoyed her vacation. “Do you really need to see him now?”
You must have been talking to Ed. He’s the only one “Need you ask?”
I told.

5. …………… 11. ………………

The car can’t be out of gas. I just filled it up. You must not play in the road.
He can’t have killed her. He was with me! You will not leave until I tell you to.

6. ……….. 12. ……………...

“Can / Could I go out and play?” We can stay home, if you prefer.
“Yes, you can / could.” If you don’t want to cook, we could eat out.
“May I sit here?” She may be home now. Let’s call and see.
“Yes, you may.” It might rain tomorrow.
“Might I call you again?” (formal)

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2

PRACTICE 2: Read the sentences and choose the correct phrase. Be ready to explain your choices.

1. He’s rarely late for dinner. He _________stuck in the traffic jam.

a. must be b. must have been c. might be d. might have been
2. I was worried about you! You __________to say you’d be late.
a. Should called b. should call c. should have called d. could to have called
3. You ___________on time for work; otherwise you’ll be fired.
a. Ought be b. ought to be c. must be d. must have been
4. You ___________seen Tim last night. He’s gone to Brazil for a month!
a. can’t have b. mustn’t have c. should have d. might have
5. You ___________ go to the supermarket. I’ve already been.
a. mustn’t b. shouldn’t c. needn’t d. couldn’t
6. I _________shopping yesterday as I had gone the day before.
a. didn’t need to go b. needed not went c. needn’t have gone d. needn’t go to
7. My watch __________repairing.
a. need to be b. needs c. has be d. needs to be
8. His hands were black with grease. He ___________a car mechanic, but I’m not sure.
a. must be b. ought to be c. might be d. can’t be
9. You were very inconsiderate. You ___________called to congratulate her.
a. should b. ought to have c. had to have d. might have
10. The doctor is free now. You ___________ go in.
a. may b. should c. have d. might
11. You _________to smoke here. The regulations do not allow it.
a. mustn’t b. shouldn’t c. ought not to d. needn’t to
12. Do you think I __________borrow your car tonight?
a. need to b. might c. am able to d. must
13. I’m disappointed in you. You ___________known better.
a. must have b. should have c. had to have d. can have
14. Before you leave home, you ___________check to see if you have everything.
a. Should to b. ought to have c. ought to d. have to
15. ________ I make dinner now, or would you like to relax first?
a. Shall b. Need c. Ought to d. May

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2
B. PASSIVE VOICE-REVIEW OF FORMS
The Passive Voice is formed by using an appropriate tense of to be + the past participle.

PRACTICE 3: Complete the missing forms of the passive voice in the chart

FORM ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

1. Simple present He writes novels. Novels……………………………………………….
2. Present Continuous He is writing a novel. A novel………………………………………………
3. Present Perfect He has written a novel. A novel………………………………………………
4. Simple Past He wrote a novel. A novel………………………………………………
5. Past Continuous He was writing a novel. A novel………………………………………………
6. Simple Past Perfect He had written a novel. A novel………………………………………………
7. Simple Future He will write a novel. A novel………………………………………………
8. Future Perfect He will have written a novel. A novel………………………………………………
9. Conditional He would write a novel. A novel………………………………………………
10. Conditional Perfect He would have written a novel A novel………………………………………………
11. Present Infinitive To write. To be………………………………………………….
12. Perfect Infinitive To have written To have been……………………………………..
13. Gerund Writing Being………………………………………………….
14. Perfect Gerund Having written Having been……………………………………….

NOTE: To avoid awkward phrases like will be being and have / had been being, we avoid using passive voice
in the Future Continuous and the continuous form of the Present and Past Perfect.

C. WHEN TO USE PASSIVE VOICE

The Passive Voice is used mainly;

a) to emphasize or dramatize the results of an action, rather than the cause
Thousands were killed in the earthquake. A cure has finally been found.

b) when the subject is unknown, unimportant or so clear it is not necessary to mention it

The bank on Main Street was robbed. The case is still being investigated.

c) to de-emphasize the subject (e.g. To make someone seem less responsible for an action)
Several workers will have to be laid off. Dad, I’m afraid your car has been dented.

PRACTICE 4: ACTIVE or PASSIVE? Find the mistakes in each sentences, circle them, and rewrite them correctly.

1. His wife forbidden him to smoke in the house. She wants her children brings up in a smoke-free environment.
a b c d
_______________________________________________________________________________________.
2. They are work in a new album, which be release soon.
a b c d
_______________________________________________________________________________________.
3. Tickets for the play have gone on sale last December. They can obtain at ticket agencies around the city.
a b c d
_______________________________________________________________________________________.
4. Contest entries must receive by December 31st. If you win, the sponsors are contact you immediately.
a b c d
_______________________________________________________________________________________.
5. The matter brings to his attention. He deals with it shortly.
a b c d
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2

D. PASSIVE VOICE – IMPERSONAL vs. PERSONAL CONSTRUCTIONS

In the following examples pay special attention to the tense of reporting verbs and the use of the Present or
Perfect Infinitive in personal constructions. The Present Infinitive is used when an action occurs at the same
time it is reported. The Perfect Infinitive (to have + past participle) is used when an action happens earlier in
time than when it is reported.

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2

Impersonal Personal
Present statement
about the present It is claimed (that) he is a genius. He is claimed to be a genius.

Present statement
about the past It is said (that) she committed suicide. She is said to have committed suicide.

Present statement
about the future It is expected (that) he will resign. He is expected to resign

Past statement It was thought (that) the sun went round the
about the past The sun was thought to go round the earth.
earth.

Past statement
about distant past It was believed that he had been born in Rome. He was believed to have been born in Rome.

PRACTICE 5: Change the following impersonal constructions to personal constructions.

1. They claim he was speeding when the accident occurred.

He…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. It is likely that he will spend the summer in Europe.

He………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. It is believed that the defendant is innocent.

The defendant………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. It was thought that she was one of the greatest minds of the 17 th century.
She…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ...................................................

5. It was said that the famous actress had worked as a waitress for many years.
The famous actress………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2

Grammar Review

INSTANT REPLAY: Answer the following multiple-choice questions:

1. Is it true that Mary……read by the time 9. “What do you think we should do?”
she was three? “We………since the film is so bad.”
a. is able to a. may have left
b. could b. must have left
c. could have c. might as well leave
d. can’t have d. may leave

2. The enormous skyscraper……during 10. He………very bright to have been accepted

the 1930. at such a good university.
a. built a. might be
b. was building. b. must be
c. Was built c. can be
d. Has been built d. could be

3. It……the mailman at the door. He never 11. What a lovely dinner! You……..to so
Comes before lunchtime. much trouble.
a. must have been a. needn’t go
b. mustn’t be b. don’t have to go
c. might not be c. needn’t have gone
d. can’t be d. mustn’t have gone

4. They…….their vacation when one of 12. The Vikings are thought…….America

the children got sick. before Christopher Columbus.
a. must have canceled a. to discover
b. had to cancel b. to be discovered
c. might cancel c. to have discovered
d. should cancel d. to have been discovered

5. “Can you come to the rock concert?” 13. “You…to the boss like that. You’d
“No, I’m not…stay out that late.” better apologize immediately.”
a. allowed to a. mustn’t have spoken
b. let to b. shouldn’t have spoken
c. be allowed to c. weren’t able to speak
d. be let to d. couldn’t have spoken

6. It took him ten years….the 14. The instructions said that the form….
best-selling biography. typed, so he filled it out with a pen.
a. to have written a. didn’t need to be
b. to write b. needn’t have been
c. to be written c. can’t have been
d. to be writing d. couldn’t have been

7. The children were told that they…play 15. It is expected that John….for his
in the road. costly mistake.
a. mustn’t a. to be
b. can’t have b. to be fired
c. didn’t have to c. will fire
d. needn’t d. will be fired

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2

8. Who do you think… for the terrible accident? 16. “…..make some more coffee?”
“I’d like that!”
a. shouldn’t a. Need I
b. didn’t it b. Do I have to
c. used to it? c. Might I
d. wasn’t it d. Shall I

WRITTEN EXPRESSION

Directions: In questions 1 – 10, each sentence has four underlined words or phrases. The four
underlined parts of the sentence are marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). Identify the one underlined word or
phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct.

Example:
Guppies are sometimes call rainbow fish because of the males’ bright colors.
A B C D

The sentence should read, “Guppies are sometimes called rainbow fish because of the males’ bright colors.”
Therefore, you should choose (A).

1. The discovering of quarks, minute particles of matter, has led to a new age in particle physics.
a b c d
2. In accordance the wishes of most of his electorate, President Franklin Roosevelt postponed entering
a b c
the Second World War until December 11, 1941.
. d
3. Nutritional adequacy is hard to achieve on a low-calorie diet; even a small person should not try to
a b
get by on fewer than twelve hundreds calories per day.
c d
4. Ethno-linguists study language as it relates to society, culture, and human behaving.
a b c d
5. The rocks of the Cambrian period of prehistory were formed 500 to 600 million year ago.
a b c d
6. While attempting to fly hers plane around the worlds in 1937, Amelia Earhart mysteriously disappeared.
a b c d
7. Scientists have currently trying to map the human genome; the blueprint of human heredity.
a b c d
8. James Dickey's first poem was published during he was still a senior in college.
a b c d
9. Migrating butterflies can travel long distant over water.
a b c d
10. In reality, all biological reproductive begins at the cellular level.
a b c d

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2
VOCABULARY BLOCK 4

1. The boss must be in a bad mood today – she 9. I hate TV because there are so many ____between
spoke____ to everyone in the office. the programs.
a. strongly a. selections
b. normally b. commercials
c. easily c. sections
d. sharply d. mixtures

2. The computer laboratory is ______with the 10. The ship hit a rock outside the harbour and ____
latest technology. within minutes.
a. enrolled a. dropped
b. explained b. cut
c. employed c. sank
d. equipped d. broke

3. Some people support the new law, but most 11. When Max told us the news, we all looked at
_____it. him in______.
a. insist a. solution
b. consider b. astonishment
c. detect c. resemblance
d. oppose d. honor

4. My grandparents come from a village near 12. I can’t make our date tonight. We’ll have to
the _____between France and Germany. _____it off till next week.
a. limit a. set
b. border b. pull
c. sector c. get
d. division d. put

5. This is just a piece of glass, not a diamond. It 13. Being alone in the dark always makes me
Is_______. feel______.
a. stingy a. uneasy
b. disturbed b. indefinite
c. economical c. extreme
d. worthless d. severe

6. We played cards on the ferry to ______the time. 14. News of the job losses ______quickly.
a. spend a. spread
b. find b. opened
c. pass c. expressed
d. turn d. subscribed

7. The mayor of a city is a very _____person. 15. Jan made ______progress in her dance lessons.
a. impressed a. rapid
b. essential b. prompt
c. influential c. decent
d. right d. excess

8. When you are all sitting______, I’ll begin 16. Mom always made sure each child got his
Reading the story. fair______ of food.
a. conveniently a. share
b. comfortably b. charge
c. clearly c. group
d. cleanly d. view

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2
17. I’m sorry I stepped on your foot. I didn’t_____ 25. Graham didn’t tell me much – his answer was
you were behind me. too______.
a. warn a. severe
b. realize b. vague
c. discover c. added
d. claim d. anxious

18. Helen has been under a lot of ______at work lately. 26. How on earth are we going to ______the bad news
a. publicity to your parents.
b. pressure a. hurt
c. direction b. pass
d. substitute c. warn
d. break
19. Thank you for your generous _____ to the fund.
a. donation 27. I can’t find my keys. I ______ where I left them.
b. reflection a. doubt
c. combination b. wonder
d. direction c. present
d. resist
20. He’s disappointed now, but he’ll_____ soon.
a. pull through it 28. You need to clean out your pet’s cage ______.
b. get over it a. regularly
c. turn it up b. typically
d. pick it up c. basically
d. timely
21. The baby looks so happy and _____ when she’s
asleep. 29. We were _____ when the children finally got
a. employed home safely.
b. occupied a. relieved
c. contented b. devoted
d. concentrated c. reserved
d. disturbed
22. Growing my own vegetable gives me a great
deal of _______. 30. All new employees are _____ with safety
a. persuasion equipment.
b. satisfaction a. provided
c. contribution b. offered
d. addition c. awarded
d. afforded
23. If you don’t stay in bed, it will _____ back your
recovery by weeks. 31. The church where they got married was in a
a. get beautiful______ on a hilltop.
b. set a. poster
c. take b. slogan
d. pick c. setting
d. edge
24. It’s not a good idea to keep large ______ or money
in the house. 32. Don’t worry about Jaime – only his ______
a. fees was hurt when he fell into the pool.
b. prices a. respect
c. copies b. pride
d. sums c. site
d. surprise

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2

READING SECTION

Questions 1-10

In past centuries, Native Americans living in the arid areas of what is now the
south-western United States relied on a variety of strategies to ensure the success of
their agriculture. First and foremost, water was the critical factor. The soil was rich
because there was little rain to leach out the minerals, but the low precipitation caused
5 its own problems. Long periods of drought could have made agriculture impossible; on
the other hand, a sudden flood could just easily have destroyed a crop.
Several techniques were developed to solve the water problem. The simplest was to
plant crops in the floodplains and wait for the annual floods to water the young crops.
a less dangerous technique was to build dikes or dams to control the flooding. These
10 dikes both protected the plants against excessive flooding and prevented the water from
escaping too quickly once it had arrived. The Hopi people designed their fields in a
checkerboard pattern, with many small dikes, each enclosing only one or two stalks of
maize (corn), while other groups built a series of dams to control the floods. A third
technique was to dig irrigation ditches to bring water from the rivers. Water was
15 sometimes carried to the fields in jars, particularly if the season was dry. Some crops
were planted where they could be watered directly by the runoff from cliff walls.
Another strategy Native Americans used to ensure a continuous food supply was to
plant their crops in more than one place, hoping that if one crop failed, another would
survive. However, since the soil was rich and not easily exhausted, the same patch of
20 ground could be cultivated year after year, whereas in the woodlands of eastern
United States it was necessary to abandon a plot of ground after a few years of farming.
In the Southwest, often two successive crops were planted each year.
It was a common south-western practice to grow enough food so that come could be
dried and stored for emergencies. If emergency supplies ran low, the people turned to
25 the local wild plants. If these failed, they moved up into the mountains to gather the
wild plants that might have survived in the cooler atmosphere.

1. What does the passage mainly discuss? 3. Planting in the floodplains was not ideal because…
A. Agricultural methods of Native Americans A. the amount of water could not be controlled
B. Irrigation techniques used by the Hopi B. the crops could be eaten by wild animals
C. Soil quality in the American Southwest C. the floodplains were too remote to be
D. Native American methods of storing cultivated frequently
emergencies food supplies D. corn grows better at high elevations

2. The word “solve” in line 7 is closest in meaning to…

A. advance toward 4. The word “enclosing” in line 12 is closest in meaning
B. protect from to…
C. keep in A. defending
D. deal with B. measuring
C. surrounding
D. extending

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2

5. The word “they” in line 16 refers to… 8. Why did farmers in the eastern woodlands
A. field periodically abandon their fields?
B. jars A. Seasonal flooding made agriculture impossible.
C. crops B. They experienced water shortages.
D. walls C. They wanted a longer growing season.
D. The minerals in the soil were exhausted.
6. Why did farmers in the Southwest plant crops in
several places at the same time? 9. What did farmers in the Southwest do when a crop
A. They moved frequently from one place to failed?
another A. They planted in the eastern woodlands.
B. They feared that one of the crops might fail B. They gathered food from wild plants.
C. The size of each field was quite limited C. They moved away from the mountains.
D. They wanted to avoid overusing the soil D. They redesigned their fields for the next season.

7. The word “patch” in line 19 is closest in meaning to… 10. Farmers in the Southwest would have benefited most
A. type from which of the following?
B. level A. Steeper cliff walls
C. group B. More sunshine
D. piece C. Regular rain
D. Smaller dikes

Questions 11-20
.
Marianne Moore (1887–1972) once said that her writing could be called poetry only
because there was no other name for it. Indeed her poems appear to be extremely compressed
essays that happen to be printed in jagged lines on the page. Her subjects were varied: animals,
laborers, artists, and the craft of poetry. From her general reading came quotations that she
5 found striking or insightful. She included these in her poems, scrupulously enclosed in quotation
marks, and sometimes identified in footnotes. Of this practice, she wrote, “’Why the many
quotations marks?’ I am asked … When a thing has been said so well that it could not be said
better, why paraphrase it? Hence my writing is, if not a cabinet of fossils, a kind of collection
of flies in amber.” Close observation and concentration on detail are the methods of her poetry.
10 Marianne Moore grew up in Kirkwood, Missouri, near St. Louis. After graduation from Bryn
Mawr College in 1909, she taught commercial subjects at the Indian School in Carlisle,
Pennsylvania. Later she became a librarian in New York City. During the 1920s she was editor
of The Dial, an important literary magazine of the period. She lived quietly all her life, mostly
in Brooklyn, New York. She spent a lot of time at the Bronx Zoo, fascinated by animals.
15 Her admiration of the Brooklyn Dodgers baseball team–before the team moved to Los Angeles–
was widely known.
Her first book of poems was published in London in 1921 by a group of friends associated
with the Imagist movement. From that time on her poetry has been read with interest by
succeeding generations of poets and readers. In 1952 she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for her
20 Collected Poems. She wrote that she did not write poetry “for money or fame. To earn a living
is needful, but it can be done in routine ways. One writes because one has a burning desire to
objectify what it is indispensable to one’s happiness to express”

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2

11. What is the passage mainly about? 16. The word “period” in line 13 is closest in meaning to…
A. The influence of the Imagists on Marianne A. movement
Moore B. school
B. Essayists and poets of the 1920s C. region
C. The use of quotations in poetry D. time
D. Marianne Moore’s life and work
17. Where did Moore spend most of her adult life?
12. Which of the following can be inferred about Moore’s A. In Kirkwood
poems? B. In Brooklyn
A. They are better known in Europe than the C. In Los Angeles
United States. D. In Carlisle
B. They do not use traditional verse forms.
C. They were all published in The Dial. 18. The word “succeeding” in line 19 is closest in
D. They tend to be abstract. meaning to…
A. Inheriting
13. According to the passage, Moore wrote about all the B. prospering
following EXCEPT… C. diverse
A. artists D. later
B. animals
C. fossils 19. The word “it” in line 21 refers to
D. workers A. writing poetry
B. becoming famous
14. What does Moore refer to as “flies in amber” (line 9)? C. earning a living
A. A common image in her poetry D. attracting readers
B. Poetry in the twentieth century
C. Concentration on detail 20. It can be inferred from the passage that Moore wrote
D. Quotations within her poetry because she…
A. wanted to win awards
15. The author mentions all of the following as jobs held B. was dissatisfied with what others wrote
by Moore EXCEPT… C. she felt a need to express herself
A. commercial artist D. wanted to raise money for the Bronx Zoo
B. teacher
C. magazine editor
D. librarian

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2

Questions 21-30

Different fish species swim in different ways. Beginning in the 1920’s, careful
efforts have been made to classify and measure these various means of locomotion.
Although the nomenclature and mathematics used to describe fish locomotion have
become quite complex, the basic classification system is still largely the same as it was
5 first outlined.
The simplest type of swim is “eel-form” (technically, “anguilliform,” after the
Common eel Anguilla). As the name suggests, this swimming motion involves
undulations, or wavelike motions, of the whole length of the fish’s body, he amplitude
of the undulation increasing toward the tail. These undulating motions generate a
10 backward thrust of the body against the water, thereby driving it forward. Eel form
swimming is effective but not particularly efficient because the undulations increase
the drag, or resistance in the water. It is employed, therefore, mostly by bottom
dwellers that do not move quickly or efficiently. Not only eels but also blennies swim
this way, as do flounders, which undulate vertically top to bottom, rather than
15 horizontally, and certain slow-moving sharks, such as the nurse and wobbegong shark.
Most roaming predators display “jack form” swimming (technically), “carangiform,”
After the Carangidae family, which includes jacks, scads, and pompanos). Althoguh
there is some variation, in general they have certain futures in common: a head like
the nose of an aircraft, often loping down on the top , and a tapered posterior that ends
20 in a forked tail. That portion of the body that connects with the forked tail is narrowed.
A jack, like other carangiform swimmers, is adapted for acceleration. It thrusts its
rather stiff body from side to side, creating propulsion without much waving of the
body, encountering less resistance than eel-form undulations produce. The forked
pattern of the tail reduces drag; the narrow portion of the body connected to the tail
25 minimizes recoil, and thus helps keep the body still. Jack-form fish are efficient
swimmers, as they must be to catch their prey.
The least efficient swimmers are those that move trunkfish style (technically,
“ostraciform,” after the family Ostraciidae, which includes trunkfishes and cowfishes).
Like the jacks, they use their tails for propulsion, but in so inept and clumsy a manner
30 as to make it clear that speed is not their objective. Puffer fish and porcupine fish swim in
trunk fish style. Lacking speed, they must depend on body armorer the secretion of
toxic substances for protection.

21. The word “suggests” in line 7 is closest in meaning 23. Which of the following does the author mention as
to… the cause of the eel’s inefficient swimming style?
A. implies A. The increased drag produced by the
B. demands movement of the body.
C. describes B. The eel’s habit of usually swimming near the
D. compares bottom of the water
C. The simple structure of the eel’s body
22. The word “it” in line 10 refers to… D. The weakness of the backward thrust of the
A. tail eel’s tail
B. thrust
C. body
D. water

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 International Exam Preparation: IEP 2

24. The word “employed” in line 12 is closest in meaning 28. The word “objective” in line 30 is closest in meaning
to to…
A. used A. ability
B. occupied B. preference
C. developed C. purpose
D. provided D. method

25. It can be inferred from the passage that blennies (line 29. Which of the following fish would most likely emit a
13) are… poisonous substance?
A. bottom dwellers A. A nurse shark
B. shark B. A jack
C. predators C. A pompano
D. a type of eel D. A puffer fish

26. The word “minimizes” in line 25 is closest in meaning 30. Which of the following statements does the passage
to… support?
A. prevents A. A scientist today would use a system of
B. reduces classification for fish locomotion similar to that
C. determines used in the 1920s.
D. repeats B. A scientist today still do not understand the
mechanics of fish locomotion.
27. What does the author mention about fish that are C. Mathematical analysis of fish locomotion has
“jack-form” swimmers? remained largely unaltered since 1920s.
A. They usually prey on bottom-dwelling fish. D. The classification of fish locomotion has been
B. Their swimming styles lets them catch prey simplified since it was devised in the 1920s.
effectively.
C. They have tails similar to those of eels.
D. Their highly flexible skeletal structure allows
them to swim efficiently.

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