Information Requirements Analysis (Part 1)
Methods for Information Gathering
Review Existing Reports, Forms, and Procedure
Description
Conduct Interview and Discussion with Users
Distribute and Collect Questionnaires
Joint Application Design
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Methods for Information
Gathering
Informat i o n G at h er i n g i s u s e d to
discover business information details to
define the information structure.
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gathering.php
Methods for Information
Gathering
Main sources of information
Users Forms Documents
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Methods for Information
Gathering
General Steps conducted in Information
Gathering:
1. Schedule Initial visit to the user site.
2. Gather and read background materials.
3. Establish data gathering objectives.
4. Determine what data gathering techniques to use to.
5. Identify contact persons.
6. Schedule data gathering activities.
7. Assign to data gathering teams.
8. Identify deliverables.
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Methods for Information
Gathering
The most commonly used methods are the
following:
• Review existing reports, forms, and
procedure description.
• Conduct interviews and discussion
with users.
• Obser ve and document business
processes.
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Methods for Information
Gathering
The most commonly used methods are the
following:
• Distribute and collect questionnaires.
• Conduct joint application design (JAD)
sessions.
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Review Existing Reports, Forms,
and Procedure Description
Review of documentation helps identify
business rules that may not come up in
the interviews. Written procedures help
discover discrepancies and redundancies
in the business processes, but procedure
manuals are not frequently kept up-to-
date, and these include errors.
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Review Existing Reports, Forms,
and Procedure Description
When should you use document review
for evaluation?
How do you plan and conduct document
reviews?
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Review Existing Reports, Forms,
and Procedure Description
Advantages of Document Review
Relatively inexpensive
Good source of background information
Unobtrusive
Provides a behind-the-scenes look at a
program that may not be directly observable
May bring up issues not noted by other
means
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Review Existing Reports, Forms,
and Procedure Description
Disadvantages of Document Review
Information may be inapplicable, disorganized,
unavailable, or out of date
Could be biased because of selective survival
of information
Information may be incomplete or inaccurate
Can be time consuming to collect, review, and
analyze many documentsIT1719
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Review Existing Reports, Forms,
and Procedure Description
Two (2) sources of Information for
existing procedures and forms:
External to the organization – at industry-
wide professional organizations and at other
companies.
Existing business documents and procedure
description within the organization.
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Conduct Interview and
Discussion with Users
Conducting an effective interview
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Conduct Interview and
Discussion with Users
Prepare for the Interview
Conduct an Interview
Follow-up Interview
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Conduct Interview and
Discussion with Users
Prepare for the Interview
Open-Ended Question Closed Question
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Conduct Interview and
Discussion with Users
1. Three (3) different patters of Interview:
Pyramid Structure
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Conduct Interview and
Discussion with Users
Funnel Structure
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Conduct Interview and
Discussion with Users
Diamond-shaped Structure
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Conduct Interview and
Discussion with Users
Conduct the Interview
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Conduct Interview and
Discussion with Users
Follow-up the Interview
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Conduct Interview and
Discussion with Users
Workflow is a sequence of steps to process a
business transaction.
Activity diagram is a type of workflow diagram
that describes the user (or system) activities,
the person who does each activity, and the
sequential flow of these activities.
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Conduct Interview and
Discussion with Users
Symbols used in Activity Diagram
Oval Black Circles Synchronization
Bar
Arrow Diamond Swimlane
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Conduct Interview and
Discussion with Users
Example of Activity Diagram
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Distribute and Collect
Questionnaires
Using questionnaires as information
gathering technique allows systems
analysts to study attitudes, beliefs,
behavior, and characteristics of several
key people in the organization that
may be affected by the current and
proposed systems.
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Joint Application Design
Joint Application Design/Development
(JAD) sessions are highly structures,
facilitated workshops that bring together
customer decision makers and IS staff to
produce high-quality deliverables in a short
time period.
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Joint Application Design
The four (4) Principal steps in JAD are:
Define the
Prepare for Conduct the Produce the
session
the session session documents
objectives
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Joint Application Design
Benefits of using JAD
To accelerate systems development
To increase system quality
To increase customer satisfaction
To promote developer/customer partnership
To deliver the right system in time for it to be
of use.
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Joint Application Design
Challenges in using JAD
Getting the right people together for 1-3
days
Confusing JAD with the entire
development process
Understanding that he sessions are not
“magic”
Training and developing good facilitators
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Activity
Summarization
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