Lesson 1 Discovering Parts of an Atom
Predict three facts that will be discussed in Lesson 1 after reading the headings. Record your
predictions in your Science Journal.
Early Ideas Contrast ideas about matter held by Greek philosophers.
About Matter
I found this on page . Democritus Aristotle
• all matter made of four
elements:
•
•
Ideas About Matter
•
•
•
•
Acceptance of Ideas
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Dalton’s Atomic Model Restate theories in Dalton’s atomic model.
I found this on page .
cannot be
cannot be
All matter
is made are identical to
of atoms
that…
are different from
combine in
88 Understanding the Atom
Lesson 1 | Discovering Parts of an Atom (continued)
The Atom Describe how present scientists characterize the atom.
I found this on page .
Definition: Location of empty
space:
Atom
Size: Made of:
Thompson—Discovering Sequence the discovery of the electron and the development
Electrons of Thompson’s atomic model.
Event Result or Conclusion
I found this on page . 1. Thompson runs
electricity through a
cathode ray tube from
which most of the air
was removed.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
2. Thompson places
charged plates on
either side of the tube.
Conclusion:
I found this on page . 3. Identical rays made of Conclusion:
tiny particles are
produced regardless of
the type of metal in
the electrode.
4. Thompson proposes a Thompson’s model:
new model of the
atom.
Understanding the Atom 89
Lesson 1 | Discovering Parts of an Atom (continued)
Rutherford—Discovering Sequence the discovery of the nucleus and the development
the Nucleus of Rutherford’s atomic model.
Event Description
I found this on page . 1. Experiment to test
Thompson’s atomic
model
I found this on page . 2. Result of the gold
foil experiment
3. Conclusion
I found this on page . 4. Description of the
dense, positive
mass
5. New model of the
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
atom
6. Results of further
research
Discovering Neutrons Describe Chadwick’s addition to Rutherford’s atomic model.
I found this on page .
Bohr’s Atomic Model Contrast Bohr’s model of the atom with Rutherford’s model.
I found this on page .
Rutherford Bohr
Electrons travel in
empty space around
the nucleus.
90 Understanding the Atom
Lesson 1 | Discovering Parts of an Atom (continued)
I found this on page . Diagram and label electron energy levels in Bohr’s model.
The Modern Atomic Contrast the location of electrons in the modern atomic
Model model with their placement in Bohr’s atomic model.
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Bohr Modern
Electrons move around the
nucleus in circular orbits at
different energy levels.
Quarks Identify 6 types of quarks.
I found this on page .
1. 3. 5.
2. 4. 6.
I found this on page . Review details about particles that make up atoms.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Particle Smaller Parts
Electron
Nucleus
Proton
Neutron
Connect It Summarize three analogies used in Lesson 1 to describe atoms and the
particles that they are made of.
Understanding the Atom 91
Lesson 2 Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons—How Atoms Differ
Skim Lesson 2 in your book. Read the headings and look at the photos and illustrations.
Identify three things you want to learn more about as you read the lesson. Record your ideas
in your Science Journal.
The Parts of the Atom Distinguish parts of the atom.
I found this on page .
Part Electron Proton Neutron
Symbol
Charge
Location
Relative
1
Mass
Different Elements— Relate details about atomic number.
Different Numbers of
Protons
Atomic Number
I found this on page .
determines equals ,
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
and also equals
in neutral atoms
Neutrons and Isotopes Differentiate numbers of protons and neutrons in different
I found this on page . isotopes of the same element.
Numbers of Numbers of
protons: Isotopes of neutrons:
the Same
Element
I found this on page . Contrast the numbers of particles represented by an element’s
mass number and atomic number.
Atomic Number Mass Number
70 Understanding the Atom
Lesson 2 | Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons—How Atoms Differ (continued)
I found this on page . Define average atomic mass.
Radioactivity Differentiate three types of nuclear decay that occur in
I found this on page . radioactive elements.
Type Change Result
Alpha decay
Beta decay
Gamma
decay
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Ions—Gaining or Losing Contrast the formation of ions.
Electrons
I found this on page . Positive Ion Negative Ion
A neutral atom A neutral atom
. .
Result: Result:
. .
Synthesize It Summarize why people were unsuccessful over 1,000 years ago when
they tried to transform lead into gold. What process would they have needed to
complete in order to have been successful?
Understanding the Atom 71
