ENGLISH IN USE

For Economics students

Arranged by
Muhamad Alfan, [Link], [Link]

1
 Scope and Sequence

No. UNIT
ENGLISH
1 UNIT 1 Introduction

Economic Activity: Simple

Present tense: nominal sentence
2 UNIT 2
and verbal sentence
Asking opinion

3 UNIT 3 Economics and its history

4 UNIT 4 Hospitality Business

THE IMPORTANT OF EDUCATION

5 UNIT 5 IN DEVELOPING HUMAN CAPITAL

6 UNIT 6 Adjective Clause

7 UNIT 7 Gerund

8 UNIT 8 Have you ever visited to

I was a student of Senior High

School
9 UNIT 9
Simple Past tense: nominal
sentence and verbal sentence

10 UNIT 10 Conditional Sentence.

12 UNIT 11 How do you spend your day?

Review the previous

14 UNIT 12
material/quiz

UNIT I
INTRODUCTION

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A. CONVERSATION Introducing yourself

a. Elizabeth : Hello, I’m Elizabeth Mandela

b. Joseph : Hi! My name is Joseph Block
But please call me Joe
c. Elizabeth : Nice to meet you, Joe.
You can call me Liz
d. Robert : Ok, and What’s your last name again?
e. Elizabeth : Mandela

B. Names and Titles

Eliz : Amy, this is my father.
Amy : Hello, Mr. Mandela
[Link] : Pleased to meet you Amy,
Amy : Nice to meet you, too.

Titles Single Married

Male : Mr  
Female: Ms. 

Miss. 
Mrs. 

Practice 1

A. Writing

Make a poster related to introducing yourself ( a brief introduction).

B. Speaking
Write about yourself and speak up..!

Hello…/ Hi my friends.

Let me introduce myself/ I would like to introduce myself.

My full name is …………………………

(spelling your full name))

I was born …………………..

My first name is ………………………..

My last name is …………………………

Please Call me …………………………..

I’m from/ I come from ………………………………

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My hobby is / are …………..

Thank you

Practice 2 ( Writing)

 Names: Write M for Male names, and F for female names.

a. ……. Joseph
b. ……. James
c. ……. Catherine
d. ……. Elizabeth
e. …… Robert
f. ……. Susan
g. ……. William
h. ……. Jennifer

 Match each of these nicknames with a name above

1. …….. Bob
2. …….. Kate
3. …….. Jenny
4. ……… Jim
5. ……… Liz
6. ……… Joe
7. ……… Sue
8. ……… Bill

Practice 3

Choose the correct responses

1. A: Hi, I’m Liz 4. A: Hello, I’m William Dean, Please call me Bill.
B: ……………………………. B: ……………………………………………….
 Oh, hi  Pleased to meet you, [Link].
 What do people call you  Pleased to meet you, Bill.

2. A: My name is Jim Holmes 5. A: Excuse me, What’s your name again?

B: ……………………………. B: ………………………………………………..
 Nice to meet you, [Link].  K-I-N-G
 Nice to meet you, Mr. Holmes  Joe King.

3. A: This is Jenny Parker 6. A: How do you spell your name?

B: …………………………… B: ………………………………………………..
 Nice to meet you, Ms. Parker  I’m Charlene
 See you [Link] Parker  C-H-A-R-L-E-N-E

Practice 4

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Look at the answers. What are the questions?

1. Jim : ………………………………………………………. (What)

Bob : My first name’s Bob.
2. Jim :……………………………………………………….. (What)
Bob : My last name’s Hayes.
3. Jim :……………………………………………………….. (Who)
Bob : That’s my friend.
4. Jim :………………………………………………………..(What)
Bob : Her name is Rose.
5. Jim :………………………………………………………..(Where)\
Bob : She’s from Jakarta.
6. Jim :……………………………………………………….. (Who)
Bob : They’re my friend’s parents.

Practice 5:

Complete this conversation with am, are, or is.

Lisa : Who …… the men over there, Amy?

Amy : Oh they ……… on the volley ball team. Let me introduce you. Hi Naruto, this …. Lisa
Neil.

Naruto :Pleased to meet you, Lisa.

Lisa : Nice to meet you, too, Naruto. Where ….. you from?

Naruto : I …… from Japan

Amy : And this …. Mario. He …. from Brazil

Lisa : Hi, Mario.

Pablo : and my name …. Pablo. I ….. from Colombia.

Practice 6

Choose the correct words

1. They’re my classmates. ………… names are Naruto and Kate ( They/Their)

2. We’re students. …….. classroom number is 108-C. (Our/We)
3. Excuse me. What’s ……… last name again? (you/your)
4. That’s Mr. Kim. …….. is in my class (He/His)
5. ……….. name is Elizabeth. Please call me Liz.(I/My)
6. This is Irfan Baghdiem’s wife. …… name is Jennifer.(His/Her)
7. My parents are on vacation. …….are in south Korea.(We/They)
8. I’m from Pekalongan, Indonesia. …. is a beautiful city.(It/ It’s)

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C. CONVERSATION
Introducing someone

Tom : Paulo, Who is that over there?

Paulo : Oh, that’s my father! and that my mother with him.
Tom : I’d like to meet them
Paulo : Mom and Dad, This is Tom Hayes.
Tom, These are my parents.
Tom : Pleased to meet you, Mr. and Mrs. Tavares
Mrs. Tavares : Nice to meet you, Tom.
Paulo : My parents are here from Brazil. They are on vacation.
Tom : Oh, where are you from in Brazil?
Mr. Tavares : We are from Rio

GRAMMAR FOCUS

What’s your name? My name is ……..

Where are you from? I’m from………
Who is that? His name is……..
What’s her name? Her name is ………….
Where is she from? She’s from………..
Who are they? They are ……….
What are their names? Their names are………..
Where are they from? They’re from……..

D. CONVERSATION
Asking about someone

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 Sarah : Hi, Tom, How’s everything
Tom : Not bad. How are you?
Sarah : Pretty good,thanks.

Tom : Sarah, this is Paulo. He’s from Brazil.

Sarah : Hello, Paulo. Are you on vacation?
Paulo : No, I’m not. I’m a student here.
Sarah : Oh, are you studying English?
Paulo : well, yes, I am. And Pharmacy, too.
Sarah : Are you and Tom in the same class?
Paulo : No, we aren’t. But we’re on the football team.

Practice 8
Group Work/ Pair in work: Have a conversation such as the conversation above.

E. READING

Meeting and Greeting Customs

How do you think the people in these countries greet each other?

There are many different greeting customs around the world. Here are some. In Chile,
people usually shake hands when they meet for the first time. When two women first meet,
they sometimes give one kiss on the cheek. (They actually ‘’kiss the air’’). Women also greet
both male and female friends with a kiss. Chilean men give their friends warm abrazos
(hugs) or sometimes kiss women on the cheek.

In Finland, Finns greet each other with a firm handshake. Hug and kisses are only for close
friends and family. While in Philippine, The everyday greeting for friends is a handshake for
both men and women. Men sometimes pat each other on the back.

In other country like in Southern Korea, Men bow slightly and shake hands to greet each
other. Women do not usually shake hands. To address someone with his or her full name,
the family name comes first, then the first name. Meanwhile in United States, People shake
hands when they are first introduced. Friends and family members often hug or kiss on the
cheek when they see each other. In these situations, men often kiss women but not other
men.

According to the articles, in which country or countries are the following true?

1. People shake hands every time they meet.

2. Women do not shake hands.
3. Women kiss at the first meeting.
4. Women kiss male friends.
5. The family name comes first

UNIT II

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 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES

(SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE)

NOMINAL AND VERBAL SENTENCES

A. BRAINSTORMING

SHARIA

B. LANGUAGE FOCUS

FORMULA OF SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (VERBAL

SENTENCE)
POSITIVE SUBJECT + VERB 1/ +es/s + OBJECT/ ADVERB
NEGATIVE SUBJECT + DOES NOT/ DO NOT VERB 1 + OBJECT/
ADVERB
INTERROGATIV DO/ DOES + SUBJECT + VERB 1 + OBJECT/ ADVERB
E

I, YOU, THEY, WE, PLURAL WORDS --à DO

HE,SHE,IT, SINGULAR WORD --à DOES
FOR EXAMPLES:
(+)The student comes to the class on time

( - ) The student does not come to the class on time.

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 (?)Does the student come to the class on time?

LANGUAGE FOCUS (SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE) NOMINAL SENTENCE

Grammar at glance for nominal sentence

To be (Present ) = is, am, are

(+) Subject + am/is/are +adjective/Noun/ Noun phrase/gerund/

adverb of place

fo example:

my name is Irfan

I am from Pekalongan

I am a student of IAIN Pekalongan.

They are fine.

She is in the classroom.

my hobby is listening dangdut music.

(-) Subject + is/am/are + not adjective/Noun/ Noun

phrase/gerund/ adverb of place

(?) Am/is/are + Subject + adjective/Noun/ Noun

phrase/gerund/ adverb of place

TASK 1

Choose one of the verbs in the brackets.

1. “I believe she always (does/ do) the best thing in her life.”
“Me too.”
2. People think Adam knows a lot about marketing, but actually he (doesn’t/
don’t)know.

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 3. “She (types/ type) the administration every work-day.”
4. “Does the class (begin/ begins) at nine?”

TASK 2

WRITING AND SPEAKING

Tellus about your daily,weekly, monthly and yearly activity.

.........................................................

.........................................................

........................................................

TASK 3

Arrange the jumbled words into correct sentences.

1. shells – on the seashore –She– sells

2. bank - become – tellers – in - honest – Mr. Mahmud and Mr. Qomar – a
-
3. advertise –entrepreneur – products – young – does – the – not – A – on
line.
4. Withdraw – his– money – he – ATM – from – Friday – on - Does ?
5. tiban market –The government – relocates– at – some places – the
existence of

C. READING

TASK 4

Identify some errors in the paragraph below and then correct them.

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 Types / Classification of Economic Activities

Economic activities are actions that involve the production, distribution, and
consumption of goods and services at all levels within a society.

There are three types of economic activities: profession, employment, and

business. The explanation of the three economic activities are defined and
elaborated on the following paragraphs.

Profession is an occupation carried on by professional people like doctors,

lawyers, engineers, etc. They providesspecialized services in return for fees. To
become a professional, a man require specialized knowledge and professional
qualification. For e.g. doctorneedspecialized knowledge in medicine, a lawyer
needs a degree in law, etc.

Employment is a type of occupation under which one person provide his

services, physical or mental to someone else in return for which he get salary or
wage. The person who employsis called employer and the person who is
employed is called employee or worker.

Business is an economic activity concerned with production and distribution of

goods and services with the aim to earn profit. It include all those activities which
are directly or indirectly concerned with production, purchase and sale of goods
and services. So the production, marketing, advertising, warehousing, insurance,
banking, etc. are all business activities.

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 Answer the following questions:

1. What is the definition of economic activity?

2. How many kinds of economic activities? Mention.
3. What kind of economic activity which requires professional qualification?
4. Find two words that have similar meaning in the paragraph 4.
5. The word ‘it’ in line 2 paragraph 5 refers to ....

TASK 5

Choose a picture and then write.

Example:
My uncle is a doctor. His specialization is to cure heart disease. He is a diligent
and professional doctor. He works at a hospital in Pekalongan. Two years
ago he worked at public health center in Batang.

a. b. c.

Task 6

A. WORK AND WORKPLACES

 Match the information in columns A, B, and C

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 A B C
A sales person For an airline Builds a house
A chef In a restaurant Cares for patients
A flight attendant For a construction company Answers the phone
A carpenter In a hospital Cooks food
A receptionist In a department store Serves passengers
A nurse In an office Sells clothes

Individual work: Take turns describing each person’s job

For example:

1. “She’s a salesperson. She works in a department store. She sells clothes.

B. CONVERSATION
Describing work

Joni : Where do you work, Andrea?

Andrea : I work for Best World Travel.
Joni : Oh, really? What do you do there?
Andrea : I’m a guide. I take people on tours to countries in South-east Asia,
like Indonesia.
Joni : That sounds interesting!
Andrea : Yes, it’s a great job. I love it. And what do you do?
Joni : I’m a student, and I have a part-time job, too.
Andrea : oh, where do you work?
Joni : in a fast-food restaurant
Andrea : Which restaurant?
Joni : PFC ( Pekalongan Fried Chicken)

Task 7

Individual work:
Report the information about the conversation between the two people

Task 8
Write the sentences, Use He or She

1. I’m a security guard. I work in a department store. I guard the store at night.
He is a security guard. He works in a department store. He guards the store at
night.

2. I work in a travel agency and take people on tours. I’m a tour guide.

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 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. I work in an office. I’m a word processor. I like computers a lot.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. I’m a disc jockey. I work in a nightclub. I play music.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. I’m a pharmacist. I work at a drug store. I like to help other people.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

GRAMMAR FOCUS

Simple Present WH-questions and statements

What do you do? I’m a student, and I have a I//We/ He/She
part-time job. They/You
Where do you work? I work at a restaurant. Work Works
Where do you go to school? I go to the University of Take Takes
Pekalongan
How do you like your I like it very much. Study Studies
school?
Where does Melinda work? She works for Indonesia Teach Teaches
Travel agent
What does she do? She’s a guide. She takes Do Does
people on tours.
Where does Joni go to He goes to Pekalongan Go Goes
school? University.
Ho does she like it? He loves it. have Has

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 Asking and Giving Opinion
/ ˈɑːskɪŋ ənd ˈɡɪvɪŋ əˈpɪn.jən/
Objective : students know and are able to understand and practice
Expression 1 : asking for and giving opinion(expressing ideas).
Language Focus: simple present tense, simple past tense
Skills : Integrated Skills

Read the short story as follow:

Sophie is a beautiful and intelligent young career woman. She works
at an international publishing company. Her job is editing writers’
manuscripts. Since traveling is an important part of her work, she has
already seen many parts of the world. Through her work and travel,
she has met many single men who are interested in her romantically.
Right now she feels a little troubled because three men, Robert,
Winston, and Ethan, want to marry her. She also feels a commitment
to continue her career. Her options are as follows:

ROBERT
1. Handsome young actor; doesn’t have much money
2. Expresses his love openly
3. Takes her to a cinema when he can get free tickets
4. Gives her lovely gifts for her an apartment
5. Ambitious and egoistic
6. Had many girl friends in the past
7. In excellent physical health
8. Wants Sophie to continue working

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WINSTON
1. Rich older businessman
2. Always kind to her but never talks of love
3. Takes her to chic places
4. Gives her expensive jewelry
5. Conservative and established
6. Two previous marriages with three grown children
7. In good health, twenty years older than Shopie
8. Wants Sophie to be a full - time wife.

ETHAN
1. Young, middle- class professor
2. Writes love poems to her
3. Takes her for long walks and to concerts.
4. Brings her flowers that he has picked himself
5. Quiet, serious, and intelligent
6. Had one love affair that lasted five years
7. In good physical health, sees a psychiatrist regularly.
8. Wants Sophie to make her own decision about her career

CONTINUE HER CAREER

1. The chance for leadership with her

2. Exciting and interesting work
3. Has her own money in the bank

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4. Can travel anytime she wants to
5. Occasionally lonely
6. Loves children but has little time for them
7. Enjoys an active , changing life.

Discuss the following questions. Give your opinion!

1. There are five realistic options for Sophie. Write four of them:

for example:

a. Sophie doesn’t marry one of them.

2. Which option in exercise 1 did you choose ? why?

3. In your opinion, what is the best and the worst characteristic of each man?

a. Robert

b. Winston

c. Ethan

4. Describe a typical day in Sophie’s life as the wife of Winston or Robert or Ethan.

Task II. Learn the following phrase and in turns, practice with your friends.

Asking for Opinions Giving Opinions

What do you think? I think we should get a new car.

What's your opinion? I don't think we need one.
What are your ideas? I believe (that) smoking should be outlawed.
Do you have any I don't believe (that) it should be illegal.
thoughts on that? In my opinion, Gone with the Breeze is the
How do you feel about best movie ever made.
that?

17
 I feel that it's the right thing to do.
I don't feel that it's such a good idea.

UNIT III

ECONOMICS AND ITS HISTORY

I. Objective: students know and are able to give examples of ethics in the
workplace.
II. Language focus:SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE AND SIMPLE PAST TENSE
III. Skills: integrated reading & writing

Let’s read

ECONOMICS AND ITS HISTORY

Economics is a science that comprises a set of analytical principles that work with
consistent regularity. Economics is a social science because it studies human behaviour.
Thus, it is appropriate to describe the subject, by analogy, as a set of tools. Just as a
carpenter’s tool may be used to build a house; an economist uses tools to build understanding
of human behaviour and its consequences. Each social science makes the same claim,
however. Economics has distinction with other social sciences. The unique feature of
economics is that it studies human behaviour within the context of markets. Economics
studies human behaviour in fulfilling their unlimited needs with the limited goods and
services. A market is an institutional arrangement that fosters trade and exchange.

Economics has been cultivated as a separate science since Adam Smith penned “The
Wealth of Nations” in 1776. Since that time, economists have expanded the horizons and
understanding of economic theory and policy in virtually all areas of inquiry. In 1969, the
Nobel Prize Committee, long vested with the authority to award Nobel Peace prizes,
instituted a Nobel Prizes in Economics.

Adam Smith is today considered the father of Economics because he was above all a
system builder. There is evidence that he began to construct a general system of analysis two
decades before the publication of “The Wealth of Nations”, and the outlines of that system
were clearly visible before 1776. Smith’s system combined a theory of human nature and
theory of a history with a peculiar form of natural theology and some hardheaded

18
observations of economic life. Narrowed to the economic sphere, his system featured the
activities of agriculture, manufacturing, and commerce. Exchange in this system is facilitated
by the use of money, and production is characterized by the division of labor, the analysis of
price and allocation, and the nature of economic growth.

` Ekelund,Jr (1997). A History of Economic Theory

Task 1

Answer the following questions based on the text

1. What does the text mainly discuss?

2. What is Economics?

3. When was the book “The Wealth of Nations” written?

4. What is considered as the father of Economics?

5. What does ‘’their’’ line 8 refer to?

6. Find the synonym of the following words in the first paragraph.

A. Not changing E. Knowledge

B. Learn F. Difference

C. Therefore

D. In line
7. Find the synonym of the following words in the second paragraph.

A. Develop D. Field

B. Write E. Demand

C. Make larger F. give

8. Find the synonym of the following words in the third paragraph.

A. Founder E. Trade

B. Start F. Worker

C. Build

D. Certain

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Task 2
Write T (True) if the statement reflects the information in the text, F (False) if it
contradicts the information in the text, and NG (Not Given) if it is not found in the text.
1. Economics does not need analytical principles because it is a social science.
2. The human needs are unlimited but the goods and services are limited.
3. The Wealth of Nations marked the economics development.
4. Adam Smith is the only economist in the world.
5. The economic growth is one of the features of Smith’s central analysis.
6. Economics Nobel Prize was firstly instituted in 1969.
Let’s Write
Make paragraphs about early things
Early Transportation Characteristics
No machine
Slow
Animal/ human power
Result no pollution

The information above can be changed into a paragraph.

If you lived centuries ago, the transportation is very simple. There was no complex
system of machine. There were no motor cycle, car, bus, train etc. Early transportation was
not like transportation that we have now. Early transportation did not use a machine like
today’s transportation. Almost all of the early transportation used animals or human power. It
was very slow. As a result, People spent a lot of time going anywhere. However, it was less
polluted friendly to environment. People did not feel disturbed about the pollution.

Task 3
Find out the characteristics of Early of things that are stated below and then change
them into paragraphs like an example above. Choose one topic below.
Early Market Characteristics

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 -Simple transaction
-Barter
-Not much profit gain
-Trust emphasis

Early Communication Characteristics

-Symbols

-flag

-Short distance

-long time requirement

Early writing Characteristics

-carving on the wall or stone

-using leaves or leathers

-Using symbols

-no alphabet

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 UNIT 4

HOSPITALITYBUSINESS
/ hɒs.pɪˈtæl.ə.ti ˈbɪz.nɪs /

I. Objective: students are able to create a good paragraph.

II. Language focus:
 Simple present tense
 Nominal and verbal sentence
III. Skills: integrated reading and writing

Task 1. Read the following paragraph and translate into Bahasa Indonesia.

INTRODUCTION TO HOSPITALITY

One of the most important things to realize about the restaurant industry is that you
can’t do it alone.
Each person in your operation has to work together for you to be successful.
The most important ingredient in managing people is to respect them. Many words
can be used to describe a manager (coach, supervisor, boss, mentor), but whatever
term is used, you have to be in the game to be effective. Managing a kitchen is like
coaching a football team—everyone must work together to be effective. The
difference between a football team and a kitchen is that chefs/managers cannot
supervise from the sidelines; they have to be in the game.
One of my favorite examples of excellent people management skills is that of
the general manager of a hotel who had the ware-washing team report directly to
him. When asked why, he indicated that they are the people who know what is being
thrown in the garbage, they are the people who know what the customers are not
eating, and they are the people most responsible for the sanitation and safety of an
operation.
There are many components to managing people—training, evaluating,
nurturing, delegating, and so on—but the most important is respect.
(Introduction to Hospitality, Fifth Edition, by John Walker)
[Link]
Task 2. Find the meaning of the listed words in Bahasa Indonesia, and make
each into your own sentence.

22
Ingredient :
Coaching :
Supervise :
Thrown :
Garbage :
Sanitation :
Nurturing :
Delegating :

Task 3. Look at the procedure below to make a good paragraph and analyze
the next text based on it.

Introduction

Detail 1

Detail 2

Detail 3

Conclusion

How to make a good paragraph?

Studying abroad has two main benefits. Firstly, people who study abroad can
get a better job when they return to their home country. This is because their
qualifications and experience mean that they tend to get jobs that are higher paid,
and they can also gain promotion quickly. Another advantage of studying abroad is
the independence students can gain. For example, students have to cope with the
challenges of living alone and meeting new people from different cultures. As a
consequence, they will become more confident in their life and in their relationships
with others. All in all, it is clear that studying abroad is a beneficial experience.
Source: [Link]

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Task 4. Based on the steps above, compose a text as in the following themes.
Choose 1 theme which suits on your interest

 Why I study in UIN GUSDUR PEKALONGAN.

 Why English is important.
 Education is vital.
 Library is needed by students.
For example:

 Topic:The reasons of choosing UIN GUSDUR Pekalongan Topic Sentence:

I study in UIN GUSDUR PEKALONGAN.
1. It is near my home
2. I get the support from my parents
3. ............................
4. ............................
5. …………………………

DEVELOPING CHECKLIST
As you develop your paragraph, ask yourself the
following questions.
 Have I narrowed my topic?
 Does my topic sentence make a valid and
supportable point about the topic?
 Is my topic sentence interesting?
 Does my paragraph focus on one main idea?
 Do the details support the topic sentence?
 Do the supporting details follow a logical order?
 Does my paragraph end in a satisfactory way?

24
 UNIT 5

Let’s read

THE IMPORTANT OF EDUCATION IN DEVELOPING

HUMAN CAPITAL
The word capital usually refers to the economy’s stock of equipment and structures.
The capital stock includes the farmer’s tractor, the manufacturer’s factory, and the teacher’s
blackboard. The essence of capital is that it is a factor of production that has been produced.

There is another type of capital that, while less tangible than physical capital, is just as
important to the economy’s production. Human capital is the accumulation of investments in
people. The most important type of human capital is education. Like all forms of capital,
education represents an expenditure of resources at one point in time to raise productivity in
the future. But, unlike an investment in other forms of capital, an investment in education is
tied to a specific person, and this linkage is what makes it human capital.

Not surprisingly, workers with more human capital on average earn more than those
with less human capital. College graduates in the United States, for example, earn about 65
percent more than those workers who end their education with a high school diploma. This
large difference has been documented in many countries, where educated workers are in
scarce supply.

It is easy to see why education raises wages from the perspective of supply and
demand. Firms - the demanders of Labor - are willing to pay more for the highly educated
because highly educated workers have higher marginal products. Workers - the supplier of
labor - are willing to pay the cost of becoming educated only if there is reward for doing so.
In essence, the difference in wages between highly educated workers and less educated
workers may be considered a compensating differential for the cost of becoming educated.

Gregory N. Mankiw. 1998. Principles of Economics

Task 1

Answer the following questions based on the text.

1. What is capital?

2. What is the the essence of capital?

3. What does human capital refer to?

4. What does ‘it’ lines 3 refer to?

25
5. Why does education become the most important type of human capital?

6. What will the workers get if they have more human capital?

7. Find the synonym of the following words in the first paragraph.

A. Utensil C. urgent

B. Building D. make

8. Find the synonym of the following words in the second paragraph

A. Touchable D. Increase

B. Asset E. Gathering

C. Expense F. relation

9. Find the synonym of the following words in the third paragraph.

A. Labor D. Last

B. University E. Huge

C. Instance F. rare

10. Find the synonym of the following words in the fourth paragraph.

A. Convenient D. Company

B. Upgrade E. Prize

C. Look F. salary

Task 2

Choose the best form of the words to fill in the sentence below.

finance financial economics economical essence achieve

essential social Socialization governmant governmental achievement

1. My sister is working in a ………………….institution.

2. All …………….activities are based on profit orientation.

3. My sister is studying in …………… faculty.

26
4. Mrs. Julia is an …………..house wife, especially since the monetary crisis happens in
Indonesia.

5. Accounting is an …………..subject for a budget analyst.

6. The ………. of the discussion is the current financial condition.

7. Before building a new company, the owner should be aware of the …………. condition of
the surrounding area.

8. ….…………..is an urgent activity for new students who study overseas.

9. My sister takes …………………Science Study Program.

10. ….…………takes a very vital role in economic world.

11. My brother’s …………….of the first three semester is unbelievable.

12. My friends ……………. a great accomplishment in the national competition.

Task 3

Let’s Speak

A product Survey

Supposed you work in a research department of a company. You are going to get some
information and opinion from the users or customers about the products that she/ he uses. Ask
opinions about the products to your classmates.

The products can be as follows:

- some kinds of cosmetics and supplements

- food/ culinary

- beverage/ drink

- gadget/ smartphones

- fashion

For example: some kinds of cosmetics and

supplements

Name of the product Opinions of the product user :

Dita Leni Rafia

Slimming tea This product is very amazing. After I take

some supplements, I feel very fresh
everyday. This supplement not only makes

27
 me healthy everyday, but also keep my body
slim

Let’s read

MEANING OF MONEY
As the word money is used in everyday conversation, it can mean many things, but to
economists it has a very specific meaning. To avoid confusion, we must clarify how
economists’ use of the word money differs from conventional usage.

Economists define money (also referred to as the money supply) as anything that is
generally accepted in payment for goods or services or in the repayment of debts. Currency
clearly fits this definition and is one type of money. When most people talk about money,
they are talking about currency. If, for example, someone comes up to you and says, ‘’ your
money or your life,’’ you should quickly hand over all your currency rather than ask, ‘’What
exactly do you mean by money?’’

To define money merely as currency is much too narrow for economists. Because
checks are also accepted as payment for purchases, checking account deposits are considered
money as well. An even broader definition of money is often needed because other items
such as savings deposits can be in effect function as money if they can be quickly and easily
converted into currency or checking account deposits. As you can see, there is no single,
precise definition of money or the money supply, even for economists.

To complicate matters further, the word money is frequently used synonymously with
wealth. When people say, ‘’Joe is rich - he has an awful lot of money,’’ they probably mean
that Joe not only has a lot of currency and a high balance in his checking account but also has
stocks, bonds, four cars, three houses, and a yacht. Thus, while currency is too narrow a
definition of money, this other popular usage is much too broad. Economists make a
distinction between money in the form of currency, demand deposits, and other items that
are used to make purchases and wealth, the total collection of pieces of property that serve to
store value. Wealth includes not only money but also other assets such as bonds, common
stock, art, land, furniture, cars, and houses.

People also use the word money to describe what economists call income, as in the
sentence, as in the sentence ‘’Sheila would be a wonderful catch, she has a good job and
earns a lot of money. Income is a flow of earnings per unit of time. By contrast, money is a
stock. It is a certain amount at a given point in time. If someone tells you that he has an
income of $ 1,000, you cannot tell whether he earned a lot or a little without knowing
whether this $ 1,000 is earned per year, per month, or even per day. But if someone tells you
that she has $ 1,000 in her pocket, you know exactly how much it is.

Anonymous, (2004) English for Economic Development Studies

28
Vocabulary list in context:

Bond: obligasi Differ: berbeda Wealth: kekayaan

Confusion: kebingungan Income: pendapatan Task 1

Converted: diubah Merely: hanya

Currency: mata uang Stock: saham

Answer the following questions based on the text.

1. What does the text mainly discuss?

2. What does money refer to when your friend asks,’’ Do you have any money?’’

3. What other things that might be considered as money?

4. How do the economists make a distinction between money and wealth?

5. How do you measure the income of a person?

6. Find the synonym of the following words in the first paragraph.

A. Talk C. Distinct

B. Prevent D. application

7. Find the synonym of the following words in the second paragraph

A. Explain C. Speech

B. Product D. fast

8. Find the synonym of the following words in the third paragraph

A. Just C. Buy

B. Receive D. impact

9. Find the synonym of the following words in the fourth paragraph

A. Case D. Cramped

B. Often E. Large

C. Maybe F. apply

10. Find the synonym of the following words in the fifth paragraph

29
A. Revenue

B. Amazing

C. Nice

D. Work

30
 UNIT 6

ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
/ˈædʒ.ek.tɪv klɔːz /

 Objective : students know and are able to compose and practice the
compound and complex sentence:
 Language focus: adjective clause
 Skills : Integrated Skills

Combine the pairs of sentences given below using the relative adverbs who,
whose,when, where and why.

Examples:
a. The boy was caught. He had stolen the bicycle.
Answer: The boy who had stolen the bicycle was caught.
b. The man arrived on Monday. His name is Ahmad.
Answer: The man whose name is Ahmad arrived on Monday.

1. This is a fine opportunity. It should not be lost.

2. This is an old Musholla Building. It was built during the 14th century.
3. This is the house. My aunt, Muna lives here.
4. My grandfather passed away. At that time I was only six.
5. You refused to come. Can you tell me the reason?

0
6. We sent a package to our relatives. They live in Bandung.
7. The woman works as a cashier of Carefour. She sits next to me in class.
8. That's the book. Everyone is reading it.
9. We bought some trees. Our neighbor told us they were on sale.
10. The car has a bad engine. I bought it last month.
11. I lived in Jl. Podo. It has a very wide street.
12. You should see a doctor. He can help you with your back problems.
13. The eartquake was extremely powerful. It hit Bantul.
14. We saw the woman at the market. She lives next door to us.
15. My sister returned the dress. It was too big for her.

TASK 3
Identifying Adjective Clauses. Underline the adjective clause in each of the
following sentences. Circle the word it modifies.
Example: The book that he wrote has just been published.

1. Mike, whose ancestors came from Ireland, marched in the St. Patrick's Day parade.
2. The woman who lives next door is a registered nurse.
3. Williamsburg, Virginia, is a place that I'd like to visit.
4. Math, which is Dave's favorite subject, has always been easy for him.
5. There is the house that I'd like to buy.
6. Larry's letter, which he mailed Tuesday, reached me on Thursday.
7. Summer, which is my favorite season, will be here in another week.
8. Phil is reading The Call of the Wild, which is Jack London's most famous book.
9. We live just twenty miles from O'Hare Airport, which is the world's busiest airport.
10. Newton, Iowa, is the town where Barbara was born.

TASK 4
Complete each relative clause with who or that. If both who or that can be used,
write who/that:

1. That's the man stole my purse!

2. That's the jacket I want to buy.

3. That's the girl won the race.

4. The students do well on the exam will be allowed to leave early.

1
5. We saw the cat lives in the house next door.

6. The airport is being built will be the largest in the country.

7. The woman sang that song is very beautiful.

8. People use this site will learn English very quickly.

9. The computer I want to buy costs $1,000.

10. The dinner your mother prepared was delicious.

TASK 5
Combine two sentences together to make one sentence. Put the adjective
clause after the noun that it describes. You can use "who" or "that" to put the
clauses together.

Example: The student is a very nice person. / She comes from Japan.

The student who comes from Japan is a very nice person.

1. We sent a package to our relatives. They live in Iowa.

___________________________________________________________

2. The woman works as a cashier. She sits next to me in class.

___________________________________________________________

3. That's the book. Everyone is reading it.

___________________________________________________________

4. We bought some trees. Our neighbor told us they were on sale.

___________________________________________________________

5. The car has a bad engine. I bought it last month.

___________________________________________________________

6. I lived in an apartment building. It had a very slow elevator.

___________________________________________________________

7. You should see a doctor. He can help you with your back problems.

___________________________________________________________

2
8. The tornado was extremely powerful. It hit Minnesota.

___________________________________________________________

9. We saw the woman at the grocery store. She lives next door to us.

___________________________________________________________

10. My wife returned the pants. They were too big for me.

_____________________________________________________________

UNIT 7

3
 GERUND
/ˈdʒer.ənd/

 Objective: students know and are able to compose and practice gerund
 Language Focus: gerund
 Skills : Integrated Skills

What is a Gerund?

The form of the verb that ends in -ing is called a Gerund when used as a noun.
Because theirfunction is that of a noun, gerunds may be used as the subject of a sentence:
Running regularly will make you feel better.
Studying requires most of my time during the day.

If a gerund is combined with a preposition, it is called a Gerund phrase:

Our daughter's life ambition is studying to be a doctor.
Possessive adjectives precede a gerund:
 Her working late is making her sick. I don’t mind him being here.
 There are some verbs that must be followed by a gerund. Example:
 I enjoy studying. Would you mind being quiet?

The following verbs MUST be followed by a gerund:

admit discuss finish miss quit

give up postpone stop (=quit) avoid resist
consider dislike keep on practice think about
recommend put off enjoy mind
suggest go + activities

Some common verbs followed by a gerund (note that phrasal verbs, marked here with
*, always fall into this category):
acknowledge She acknowledged receiving assistance.

* accuse of He was accused of smuggling contraband goods.

Admit They admitted falsifying the data.

Advise The author advises undertaking further study.

Anticipate He anticipates having trouble with his supervisor.

Appreciate I appreciated having a chance to read your draft.

Avoid He avoided answering my question.

4
Complete I finally completed writing my thesis.

Consider They will consider granting you money.

Defer She deferred writing her report.

Delay We delayed reporting the results until we were sure.

Deny They denied copying the information.

Discuss They discussed running the experiments again.

Entail This review procedure entails repeating the test.

* look after He will look after mailing the tickets.

* insist on He insisted on proofreading the article again.

Involve This procedure involves testing each sample twice.

Justify My results justify taking drastic action.

Mention The author mentions seeing this event.

* plan on They had planned on attending the conference.

Postpone The committee has postponed writing the report.

Recall I cannot recall getting those results before.

Resent He resented spending so much time on the project.

recommend She recommends reading Marx.

Resist The writer resists giving any easy answers.

Risk She risks losing her viewing time.

sanction They will not sanction copying without permission.

suggest I suggest repeating the experiment.

* take care of He will take care of sending it to you.

tolerate She can't tolerate waiting for results.

Some common verbs followed by an infinitive:

Afford We cannot afford to hesitate.

Agree The professors agreed to disagree.

Appear The results appear to support your theory.

arrange They had arranged to meet at noon.

5
Beg I beg to differ with you.

Care Would you care to respond?

Claim She claims to have new data.

consent Will you consent to run for office?

Decide When did he decide to withdraw?

demand I demand to see the results of the survey.

deserve She deserves to have a fair hearing.

Expect The committee expects to decide by tomorrow.

Fail The trial failed to confirm his hypothesis.

hesitate I hesitate to try the experiment again.

Hope What do you hope to accomplish?

Learn We have learned to proceed with caution.

manage How did she manage to find the solution?

Neglect The author neglected to provide an index.

Need Do we need to find new subjects?

Offer We could offer to change the time of the meeting.

Plan They had planned to attend the conference.

prepare He was not prepared to give a lecture.

pretend I do not pretend to know the answer.

promise They promise to demonstrate the new equipment.

Refuse She refused to cooperate any longer.

Seem Something seems to be wrong with your design.

struggle We struggled to understand her point of view.

Swear He swears to tell the truth.

threaten The team threatened to stop their research.

volunteer Will you volunteer to lead the group?

Wait We could not wait to hear the outcome.

Want She did not want to go first.

6
Wish Do you wish to participate?

([Link]

TASK 1
Fill in the blanks with correct gerunds in the box.

moving posting doing

having persuading
studying becoming getting
talking

1. Mathew is really good at ............... people.

2. She is interested in ............... a reporter.
3. ............... sport every day is good for your health.
4. Would you mind ............... this letter for me?
5. Can you ............... finishing my car before we leave?
6. We are used to ............... up early in the morning.
7. Mary keeps ............... about her problems.
8. I can’t bear ............... so much responsibility.
9. John is thinking about ............... abroad.
10. She considered ............... to New York.

Task 3. Look at the following pictures.

7
Write down about your hobby. You can choose one of the following pictures or you can
have another hobby.

UNIT 8

Have you ever visited to...?

/ hæv juː /

8
  Objective: students know and are able to compose and practice
Present Perfect
 Language Focus: Present Perfect
 Skills : Integrated Skills

Task I. Look at the text, and answer the question related it.

Question: What can you find from the picture above? Write them in the box.

Use: Form:

Adverbs: Form:

Task II. Read the following text to understand the language pattern, then fill in
the gaps to make a good sentence. In turns, practice with a friend.

1 Mr Dave is a tourist. 9

He has travelled all over the

world.
 He has visited many countries.

Hashe been to Italy?

Yes, he .....

He has .....to Italy.

4

What .....he seen in Italy?

He ......... the Big Ben

TASK 3
Make positive present perfect sentences.

1. (I / study / French)
______________________________________________________
2. (She / eat / octopus)

10
______________________________________________________
3. (They / go / to Scotland)
______________________________________________________
4. (We / read / that book)
______________________________________________________
5. (He / live / here for three years)
______________________________________________________
6. (You / know / David for ten years)
______________________________________________________
7. (We / be / here for two weeks)
______________________________________________________
8. (I / lose / my keys)
______________________________________________________
9. (He / drink / too much coffee)
______________________________________________________
10. (They / miss / the train)
______________________________________________________
TASK 4
Make negative present perfect sentences.
1. (We / not / go / to Paris)
______________________________________________________
2. (She / not / see / ‘The Lord of the Rings’)
______________________________________________________
3. (He / not / meet / my mother)
______________________________________________________
4. (They / not / visit / Bali)
______________________________________________________
5. (I / not / know / him for three months)
______________________________________________________
6. (You / not / study / French for ten years)
______________________________________________________
7. (They / not / be / in London for six months)
______________________________________________________
8. (He / not / hurt / his leg)
______________________________________________________
9. (She / not / leave / her phone in a taxi)
______________________________________________________
10. (We / not / lose / our tickets)
___________________________________________________________

TASK 5
Make ‘yes / no’ present perfect questions.

11
1. (They / go / to the USA?)

_____________________________________________________________
2. (You / read / ‘War and Peace’?)

_____________________________________________________________
3. (She / be / late for a meeting?)

_____________________________________________________________
4. (He / meet / your family yet?)

_____________________________________________________________
5. (They / live / here as long as we have?)

_____________________________________________________________
6. (You / go / to Australia?)

_____________________________________________________________
7. (She / miss / the bus?)

_____________________________________________________________
8. (I / meet / you before?)

_____________________________________________________________
9. (They / take / the exam?)

_____________________________________________________________
10. (She / work / in this company for fifteen years?)

_____________________________________________________________

TASK 6
Make the present perfect simple. Choose positive, negative or question.
1. (she / pass the exam?)
______________________________________________________
2. (you / eat lunch yet?)
______________________________________________________
3. (he / read the newspaper today?)
______________________________________________________
12
4. (you / not / study French for ten years)
______________________________________________________
5. (they / be in London for six months)
______________________________________________________
6. (where / you / be?)
______________________________________________________
7. (we / not / go to Paris)
______________________________________________________
8. (she / not / see ‘The Lord of the Rings’)
______________________________________________________
9. (he / not / meet my mother)
______________________________________________________
10. (they / not / visit Istiqlal Mosque yet)
______________________________________________________

Task 7. Make a list of some places that are important in your life or you have
ever visited there. Think about why they are important to you.

Place Why it is important (The

reason why you visit to)

1.

2.

3.

4.

13
 UNIT 9
I was a student of Senior High School
( Simple Past Tense)
Nominal and Verbal Sentence
TASK 1
Use your dictionary to find the past simple of these words. Which are irregular?
Sleep Find Create drink Follow
Give Sell Buy borrow Fall in love
Write Save Break educate Teach
Study Think Eat Take steal

A. Language focus ( Simple Past Tense) Verbal Sentence

Statement Subject + Verb2 Time signal:
Negative Subject + did not (didn’t) Verb 1 Yesterday, last night,
Question Did + Subject + Verb 1 Two days ago, in 2012

TASK 2
Put these verbs in the correct form to make sentences true for you.
1. I (go) to the cinema last weekend.
2. You( not watch) TV last night.
3. I (buy) a video yesterday.
4. They (see) the news last night.
5. We (not play) computer games last week.
6. The government (builds) the building in 1990.

14
TASK 3
Tell 5 facts about what you and your family did in the past.

Examples:

I woke up late yesterday.

My father did notcook breakfast for the family.

. ........................................................

.........................................................

.........................................................

TASK 4
Tell your experience (Interview pair in work). Ask your partner about his/
her experience.
Where did you go to high school?
When did you graduate from high school?
Where did you meet someone special in your life?
What did you play for fun when you were in
elementary school
When did you fall in love at first time?

15
 LANGUAGE FOCUS (SIMPLE PAST TENSE) NOMINAL SENTENCE

Grammar at glance for nominal sentence

To be (Present ) = was, were

(+) Subject + was/were+adjective/Noun/ Noun phrase/gerund/

adverb of place

fo example:

I was in Jakarta

I was a student of Senior High School.

They were bad.

She was in the classroom.

my hobby was swimming.

(-) Subject + was/were + not adjective/Noun/ Noun

phrase/gerund/ adverb of place

(?) was/were + Subject + adjective/Noun/ Noun phrase/gerund/

adverb of place

TASK 5

Arrange these words into good sentences

Kalimat positif Kalimat negatif Kalimat tanya (Yes/No

Question)
[Link]/ creative
students.
[Link]/ a sailor.

[Link] mother/
happy.
[Link]/ a lucky
man.
5.I/ the second
child.
6. My parents/ very

16
 kind and lovely.

TASK 6

Write down your unforgettable moment in your life ( 1-2 paragraphs)

UNIT 10

17
 IF I am a rich man….

Task 1. The following text explains a language pattern. Discuss with your friend
about it.

Task 2. These pictures below are the hints to compose a sentence.

1.

If ................................................., .......................................................

2.

18
If ................................................., .......................................................

Task 3. Learn how to compose sentences using the following formula and
answer the questions.

Check your undestanding by answering the following quesions.

This grammar exercise tests your ability to write type 1 conditional sentences. You have
to fill in the blanks using the appropriate form of the verb given in the brackets. An
example is given below.
Example:
If she ………………….. (work) hard, she ………………….. (pass) the Ushul Fiqh Subject.
Answer: If she works hard, she will pass the Ushul Fiqh Subject.

1. If she ……………….. (invite) me, I ………………. (go)

2. If it ……………………. (rain), we …………………… (cancel) the match.

19
3. If I ……………….. (get) a promotion, I ………………… (buy) a car.
4. If she ………………. (be late), we …………………. (go) without her.
5. If you ………………. (ask) more politely, I ………………… (buy) you a some cakes.

Task 4. Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Form a Conditional sentence –
type I. Only use the will-future in the main clauses.

Example
If I .............. (to go) to the cinema, I ............... (to watch) an interesting film.
Answer
If I go to the cinema, I will watch an interesting film.

2. If I ................. (to study), I ........... (to pass) the exams.

3. If the sun ................. (to shine), we...... (to walk) to the town.
4. If he ....... (to have) a temperature, he......... (to see) the doctor.
5. If my freinds .............. (to come), I ........... (to be) very happy.
6. If she ........... (to earn) a lot of money, she ................. (to fly) to New York.
7. If we ................ (to travel) to London, we ................ (to visit) the museums.
8. If you ................. (to wear) sandals in the mountains, you ................. (to slip) on
the rocks.
9. If Rita ................ (to forget) her homework, the teacher .................. (to give) her
a low mark.
10. If they ................ (to go) to the disco, they ............... (to listen) to loud music.
11. If you ................... (to wait) a minute, I ......................... (to ask) my parents.

20
 UNIT 11
HOW DO YOU SPEND YOUR DAY?

A. LISTENING:
Complete the following dialogue!

ELENA: Can I help?

AGATHA: Yes, please. Set the table, dear.
ELENA: Set the table?
VICTOR: I’ll help you.
AGATHA: That’s a good boy.
VICTOR: The plates.
ELENA: Is (1) ……………… ……….., Harold, eating with us?
AGATHA: No, Harold is in Oxford.
VICTOR: Harold’s bank has an office in Oxford.
VICTOR: The knives and forks. Knife, fork, and spoon.
AGATHA: Is the table set?
VICTOR: Yes, Agatha.
AGATHA: Good, sit down, please (2)…………… ………… ……...
ELENA: Are we having dinner now? ( having: meal/ eat)
AGATHA: Why of course, dear.
VICTOR: What are we having?
AGATHA: We are having soup and Salad. Do you like (3) ………… ………., Elena?
ELENA: Yes. Thank you.
AGATHA: Please, put the (4)………….. …… …….. …………., Victor!

VICTOR: Sorry. Here they are.

AGATHA: My silly Victor he forgets everything!

ELENA: Everything.

AGATHA: Here’s your soup. Help yourself to the bread.

ELENA: Thank you Agatha.

AGATHA: (5)…………. ………….., my dear. It’s so nice to have you here.

VICTOR: Yes. It’s so nice to have you here.

B1: Thank you. That’s very kind.

AGATHA: Nonsense. Now, let’s eat.

VICTOR: How’s your soup?

ELENA: It’s (6) ……………….

AGATHA: (7) ……….. …………., dear? Don’t you like it?

ELENA: Well.

VICTOR: You don’t feel well?

ELENA: No, I’m sorry. It’s a bit early for me. I’m not really hungry.

21
AGATHA: Not hungry?

VICTOR: What time does (8) ………… …………. ………… ………… back in Spain?

ELENA: We eat dinner at (9) ………… ………. at home.

AGATHA: Well, Imagine that!

VICTOR: We’re usually in bed (10. …………….. ………………….!

AGATHA: Elena, darling, you (11) ………….. …………. our strange English habits.

ELENA: No, it is all a bit strange for me now.

G2. My poor dear! You must be (12) ……………………..

VICTOR: Maybe, You should go to bed soon, Elena.

ELENA: Yes, please.(13) ………… …………...

AGATHA: No, (14) ………. …………. You go and sleep.

ELENA: Thank you, both.

VICTOR: (15) …………. ……………….., Elena.

ELENA: Night.

AGATHA: Sleep well dear!

VICTOR: Not again, Agatha. Don’t do this to me again.

ELENA: Why, my darling brother. What are you talking about?

22
 UNIT 12

REVIEW
/rɪˈvjuː/

I. Objective: students are able to evaluate their comprehension of the entire

materials in the modul
II. Language focus: integrated grammar
III. Language skill: integrated skills

In this final activity of the course, you are assigned to do the following tasks:

1. Answer some questions related to the theory as follows:

a. Simple Present Tense
b. Simple Past Tense
c. Ethics in workplace
d. Adjective Clause
e. Gerund
f. Present Perfect Tense
g. Conditional if Sentence
h. giving opinion

23