Django Templates
Django provides a convenient way to generate dynamic HTML pages by using its template system.
A template consists of static parts of the desired HTML output as well as some special syntax describing how
dynamic content will be inserted.
Why Django Template?
In HTML file, we can't write python code because the code is only interpreted by python interpreter not the
browser. We know that HTML is a static markup language, while Python is a dynamic programming language.
Django template engine is used to separate the design from the python code and allows us to build dynamic web
pages.
Django Template Configuration
To configure the template system, we have to provide some entries in [Link] file.
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': '[Link]',
'DIRS': [[Link](BASE_DIR,'templates')],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'[Link].context_processors.debug',
'[Link].context_processors.request',
'[Link].context_processors.auth',
'[Link].context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
Here, we mentioned that our template directory name is templates. By default, DjangoTemplates looks for a
templates subdirectory in each of the INSTALLED_APPS.
Django Template Simple Example
First, create a directory templates inside the project app as we did below.
After that create a template [Link] inside the created folder.
Our template [Link] contains the following code.
// [Link]
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Index</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Welcome to Django!!!</h2>
</body>
</html>
Loading Template
To load the template, call get_template() method as we did below and pass template name.
//[Link]
from [Link] import render
#importing loading from django template
from [Link] import loader
# Create your views here.
from [Link] import HttpResponse
def index(request):
template = loader.get_template('[Link]') # getting our template
return HttpResponse([Link]()) # rendering the template in HttpResponse
Set a URL to access the template from the browser.
//[Link]
path('index/', [Link]),
Register app inside the INSTALLED_APPS
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'[Link]',
'[Link]',
'[Link]',
'[Link]',
'[Link]',
'[Link]files',
'myapp'
]
Run Server
Execute the following command and access the template by entering localhost:8000/index at the browser.
$ python3 [Link] runserver
Django Template Language
Django template uses its own syntax to deal with variable, tags, expressions etc. A template is rendered with a context
which is used to get value at a web page. See the examples.
Variables
Variables associated with a context can be accessed by {{}} (double curly braces). For example, a variable name value is
rahul. Then the following statement will replace name with its value.
My name is {{name}}.
My name is rahul
Django Variable Example
//[Link]
from [Link] import render
#importing loading from django template
from [Link] import loader
# Create your views here.
from [Link] import HttpResponse
def index(request):
template = loader.get_template('[Link]') # getting our template
name = {
'student':'rahul'
}
return HttpResponse([Link](name)) # rendering the template in HttpResponse
//[Link]
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Index</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Welcome to Django!!!</h2>
<h3>My Name is: {{ student }}</h3>
</body>
</html>
Output:
Tags
In a template, Tags provide arbitrary logic in the rendering process. For example, a tag can output content, serve as a
control structure e.g. an "if" statement or a "for" loop, grab content from a database etc.
Tags are surrounded by {% %} braces. For example.
{% csrf_token %}
{% if user.is_authenticated %}
Hello, {{ [Link] }}.
{% endif %}
