Summer Vacation Homework (Class 10)

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MCQs (50)

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A) Equal
B) Half
C) Double
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1. What is the angle of incidence equal to, in terms of the angle of reflection?
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D) None of the above

2. Which of the following is a characteristic property of an image formed by a plane mirror?

A) Virtual and inverted
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B) Real and inverted

C) Virtual and erect
D) Real and erect
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3. In which of the following situations is total internal reflection possible?

A) Light traveling from a denser to a rarer medium
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B) Light traveling from a rarer to a denser medium

C) Light traveling from air to water
D) Light traveling from glass to air
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4. The phenomenon of dispersion of light is caused by:

A) Refraction
B) Reflection
C) Diffraction
D) Absorption

5. Which of the following colors of light is least deviated when passing through a prism?
A) Red
B) Violet
C) Yellow
D) Green
6. What happens to the angle of deviation when a ray of light passes through a prism?
A) It decreases
B) It increases
C) It remains constant
D) It depends on the medium

7. The critical angle for a medium is:

A) The angle of incidence for which the angle of refraction is 90 degrees
B) The angle of incidence for which total internal reflection occurs
C) The angle of reflection for which total internal reflection occurs
D) The angle of incidence for which the angle of refraction is 0 degrees

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8. Which type of mirror always forms a virtual, erect, and diminished image?
A) Convex mirror
B) Concave mirror
C) Plane mirror

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D) Spherical mirror

9. The focal length of a concave mirror is:

A) Positive
B) Negative
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C) Zero
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D) Depends on the radius of curvature

10. The image formed by a convex mirror is always:

A) Real and inverted
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B) Virtual and erect

C) Virtual and inverted
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D) Real and erect

11. Which of the following statements is true regarding a real image?

A) It can be obtained on a screen.
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B) It cannot be obtained on a screen.

C) It is always virtual.
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D) It is always erect.

12. A plane mirror forms a virtual image that is:

A) Smaller than the object
B) Larger than the object
C) Of the same size as the object
D) None of the above

13. The angle between the incident ray and the normal is called the angle of:
A) Reflection
B) Incidence
C) Refraction
D) Deviation
14. The law of reflection holds true for:
A) All types of surfaces
B) Only plane surfaces
C) Only curved surfaces
D) None of the above

15. When light rays diverge from a point, what type of mirror should be used to form a real
image of the object?
A) Convex mirror
B) Concave mirror
C) Plane mirror

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D) Spherical mirror

16. Which of the following is not a use of concave mirrors?

A) In solar furnaces
B) In torch lights

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C) In dental mirrors
D) In rear-view mirrors of automobiles

17. A virtual image is always:

A) Smaller than the object
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B) Larger than the object
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C) Of the same size as the object
D) None of the above

18. The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is:

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A) Twice its focal length

B) Equal to its focal length
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C) Half of its focal length

D) None of the above

19. What happens to the size of the image formed by a concave mirror as the object moves
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closer to the mirror?

A) The size of the image increases.
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B) The size of the image decreases.

C) The size of the image remains the same.
D) The size of the image becomes zero.

20. The image formed by a convex mirror is always:

A) Real
B) Virtual
C) Both real and virtual
D) Neither real nor virtual

21. Which type of mirror is used by dentists to see large images of teeth?
A) Concave mirror
B) Convex mirror
 C) Plane mirror
D) Spherical mirror

22. A spherical mirror whose outer surface is polished and reflects light is called a:
A) Concave mirror
B) Convex mirror
C) Plane mirror
D) None of the above

23. The image formed by a plane mirror is always:

A) Real
B) Virtual

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C) Both real and virtual
D) Neither real nor virtual

24. The mirror formula is given by:

A) \( \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{v} + \frac{1}{u} \)

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B) \( f = \frac{uv}{u + v} \)
C) \( f = \frac{1}{u} + \frac{1}{v} \)
D) \( f = \frac{1}{u} - \frac{1}{v} \)
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25. Which mirror always forms a diminished, erect, and virtual image?
A) Concave mirror
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B) Convex mirror
C) Plane mirror
D) Spherical mirror
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26. What type of mirror is used in solar cookers to converge sunlight to a single point?
A) Concave mirror
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B) Convex mirror
C) Plane mirror
D) Spherical mirror
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27. What is the nature of the image formed by a concave mirror when the object is at
infinity?
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A) Real and inverted

B) Virtual and erect
C) Real and erect
D) Virtual and inverted

28. Which type of mirror is used in headlights of vehicles?

A) Concave mirror
B) Convex mirror
C) Plane mirror
D) Spherical mirror

29. The distance between the pole and the principal focus of a spherical mirror is called:
A) Aperture
 B) Radius of curvature
C) Focal length
D) Magnification

30. What is the focal length of a plane mirror?

A) Zero
B) Positive
C) Negative
D) Infinite

31. When a ray of light passes from a denser medium to a rarer medium, it:
A) Bends towards the normal

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B) Bends away from the normal
C) Does not bend
D) Gets absorbed

Certainly, continuing from question 32:

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32. When light passes through a prism, it gets:
A) Dispersed
B) Absorbed
C) Reflected
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D) Polarized
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33. The phenomenon of the formation of a rainbow is primarily due to:

A) Reflection
B) Refraction
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C) Dispersion
D) Polarization
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34. The dispersion of light causes the separation of white light into its constituent colors due
to differences in their:
A) Wavelengths
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B) Frequencies
C) Velocities
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D) Intensities

35. Which of the following is NOT a condition for total internal reflection to occur?
A) Light traveling from a denser to a rarer medium
B) The angle of incidence being greater than the critical angle
C) The angle of incidence being less than the critical angle
D) Light traveling from a rarer to a denser medium

36. When light undergoes total internal reflection, which of the following statements is true?
A) Some of the light is transmitted into the second medium.
B) All of the light is transmitted into the second medium.
C) All of the light is reflected back into the first medium.
D) None of the above
37. In a concave mirror, the focal length is:
A) Positive
B) Negative
C) Zero
D) Infinite

38. A concave mirror is used as a shaving mirror because it:

A) Forms an erect image
B) Forms a magnified image
C) Forms a diminished image
D) Forms a virtual image

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39. An object placed at the focal point of a concave mirror produces an image that is:
A) Real and inverted
B) Virtual and inverted
C) Real and erect

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D) Virtual and erect

A) It always forms a virtual image.

B) It always forms a real image.
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40. Which of the following statements regarding a convex mirror is true?

C) It always forms an inverted image.

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D) It always forms an erect image.

41. The image formed by a convex mirror is:

A) Always virtual, erect, and diminished
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B) Always real, inverted, and diminished

C) Always virtual, inverted, and enlarged
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D) Always real, erect, and enlarged

42. An object is placed at a distance greater than twice the focal length from a concave
mirror. The image formed is:
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A) Real, inverted, and diminished

B) Real, inverted, and enlarged
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C) Virtual, erect, and diminished

D) Virtual, erect, and enlarged

43. The size of the image formed by a concave mirror depends on the:
A) Size of the object
B) Position of the object
C) Focal length of the mirror
D) All of the above

44. A magnification of -2 for a mirror means that:

A) The image is twice the size of the object.
B) The image is half the size of the object.
C) The image is upright.
 D) The image is inverted.

45. An object is placed at the center of curvature of a concave mirror. The image formed is:
A) Real, inverted, and of the same size as the object
B) Real, inverted, and enlarged
C) Virtual, erect, and diminished
D) Virtual, erect, and enlarged

46. The power of a concave mirror is:

A) Positive
B) Negative
C) Zero

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D) Infinite

47. Which of the following types of mirrors is used in solar ovens to concentrate sunlight onto
a cooking pot?
A) Convex mirror

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B) Concave mirror
C) Plane mirror
D) Spherical mirror
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48. A convex mirror is preferred for use as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because it:
A) Forms a diminished image of the objects behind
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B) Forms an enlarged image of the objects behind
C) Forms an erect image of the objects behind
D) Forms an inverted image of the objects behind
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49. The phenomenon of the formation of an image by a plane mirror is due to:
A) Reflection
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B) Refraction
C) Diffraction
D) Interference
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50. In a concave mirror, if an object is placed between the pole and the focus, the image
formed is:
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A) Virtual, erect, and enlarged

B) Virtual, erect, and diminished
C) Real, inverted, and diminished
D) Real, inverted, and enlarged

Very Short Answer Type Questions (20 Questions)

1. Define the principal focus of a concave mirror.

2. State the laws of reflection.

3. What is the magnification of a plane mirror?

4. Define the term "angle of incidence."

5. What type of image is formed by a convex mirror?

6. Write the mirror formula.

7. What is the unit of focal length?

8. Name the type of mirror used in solar cookers.

9. What happens to the image when the object is moved closer to a concave mirror?

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10. State the relationship between the focal length (f) and the radius of curvature (R).

11. What is a virtual image?

12. Define lateral inversion.

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13. What is the focal length of a plane mirror?

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14. Why is a convex mirror used as a rear-view mirror in vehicles?

15. What kind of image is formed by a concave mirror when the object is at infinity?
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16. What is meant by the term "pole" of a spherical mirror?

17. Define the term "aperture" of a spherical mirror.

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18. How does the size of the image change when the object is moved towards the concave
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mirror from infinity to the focus?

19. What is the nature of the image formed by a plane mirror?

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20. How is the image formed in a plane mirror?

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Short Answer Type Questions (20 Questions)

21. Explain why concave mirrors are used in torches.

22. Draw a ray diagram showing the formation of an image by a concave mirror when the
object is placed beyond the center of curvature.

23. What is the relation between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection for a
plane mirror?

24. Describe the characteristics of the image formed by a convex mirror.

25. An object is placed 20 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm. Where will the
image be formed? (Hint: Use the mirror formula.)

26. Why is the image formed by a plane mirror always virtual and erect?

27. Describe the use of concave mirrors in shaving mirrors.

28. What are the properties of an image formed by a plane mirror?

29. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of an image by a convex mirror when the
object is placed at infinity.

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30. An object is placed 15 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 10 cm. Calculate the
position of the image.
31. Explain the phenomenon of lateral inversion.

32. Draw a diagram to show the reflection of light from a plane mirror.

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33. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 5 cm.
Calculate the position of the image.

34. Why do dentists use concave mirrors?

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35. Explain how an image is formed by a concave mirror when the object is placed between
the pole and the focal point.

36. State the uses of convex mirrors.

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37. An object is placed 25 cm in front of a concave mirror with a focal length of 15 cm.
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Calculate the image distance and magnification.

38. Describe the nature of the image formed by a concave mirror when the object is placed
at the center of curvature.
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39. How does the size of the image formed by a concave mirror change as the object moves
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from the focus to the center of curvature?

40. Explain the term "real image" with an example.

Long Answer Type Questions (10 Questions)

41. Describe the formation of images by a concave mirror with the help of ray diagrams for
the following positions of the object:
a) At infinity
b) Beyond the center of curvature
c) At the center of curvature
 d) Between the center of curvature and the focal point
e) At the focal point
f) Between the focal point and the pole

42. Explain the working of a solar furnace with the help of a diagram. How does a concave
mirror help in this application?

43. An object 2 cm high is placed 30 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm.
Calculate the position, nature, and size of the image. Draw the ray diagram.

44. Describe the principle of total internal reflection. Give two applications of this
phenomenon.

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45. How are images formed by convex mirrors different from those formed by concave
mirrors? Use ray diagrams to support your answer.

46. A concave mirror has a focal length of 20 cm. An object is placed 40 cm away from the

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mirror. Calculate the position and size of the image formed. Is the image real or virtual?
(Hint: Use the mirror formula and magnification formula.)

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47. Discuss the significance of the radius of curvature in spherical mirrors. How is it related
to the focal length? Explain with examples.
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48. Draw a labeled diagram to show the path of light rays through a prism. Explain the
phenomenon of dispersion with the help of this diagram.

49. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a concave mirror with a focal length of 5
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cm. Calculate the position of the image and the magnification. Is the image real or virtual?
Draw the ray diagram.
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50. Explain the concept of lateral inversion with the help of a plane mirror. How is this
property utilized in everyday applications?
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Answer Hints for Selected Difficult Questions

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25. Use the mirror formula 1/𝑓​ = 1/𝑣​ + 1/𝑢 ​𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑢 = − 20 𝑐𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓 = − 10 𝑐𝑚.

30. Use the mirror formula with 𝑢 = − 15 𝑐𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓 = 10 𝑐𝑚 (convex mirror, so focal
length is positive).

33. Use the mirror formula with 𝑢 = − 10 𝑐𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓 = − 5 𝑐𝑚.

37. Apply the mirror formula and magnification formula 𝑚 = − 𝑣/𝑢.

43. Calculate the image distance using the mirror formula and then use the magnification
formula to find the image size.
46. Use the mirror formula and the magnification formula to find the image position and size.
Check the sign conventions for concave mirrors.

49. Similar to question 33, apply the mirror formula and calculate magnification.

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