K. J.

Somaiya College of Engineering, Mumbai-77

(A Constituent college of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)

F.Y. Btech SEM-I

APPLIED MATHEMATICS-I

QUESTION BANK -1

TOPIC – COMPLEX NUMBERS

Type -1: Review

1. Express the following in the form 𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦
(2+𝑖)(1+2𝑖) (2+3𝑖)2
(i) 3+4𝑖
(ii) 1+𝑖
3+5𝑖 1+𝑖
2. Find the complex conjugate of (i) 1+2𝑖
(ii) 1−𝑖
3. Find the value of 𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 46 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 3 + 2𝑖
4. Find the modulus and the principal argument of
(2−3𝑖)(5+3𝑖)
(i) −1 + √3. 𝑖 (ii) 3−2𝑖

5. Find the real part, imaginary part, modulus and argument of (4 + 2𝑖)(−3 + √2𝑖)
6. Express the following in polar form and find their arguments
(i) √3 + 𝑖 (ii) sin 𝜃 + i cos 𝜃
7. Find the square root of −5 + 12𝑖
8. If 𝑧1 = 1 + 𝑖, 𝑧2 = 2 − 𝑖, 𝑧3 = 3 + 2𝑖, find
𝑧 −𝑧 −𝑖 𝑧3 𝑧
(i) |𝑧1 +𝑧2 +𝑖| (ii) |𝑧2 − 𝑧1 |2 + |𝑧3 − 𝑧1 |2 (iii) + 𝑧2
1 2 𝑧1 3

𝑧1 𝑧1 1
(iv) − (v) (𝑧2 +𝑧3 )(𝑧2 −𝑧3 )
(vi) (𝑧2 − 𝑧2 )5
𝑧1 𝑧1
𝑧 𝑧 𝑥 2 −𝑦 2
9. If 𝑧 = 𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦, prove that (𝑧 + 𝑧) = 2 (𝑥 2 +𝑦2 )
𝑧 𝑧
10. If 𝑧 = 𝑎 cos 𝜃 + 𝑖𝑎 sin 𝜃, prove that ( + ) = 2 cos 2 𝜃
𝑧 𝑧
𝑧−1
11. Prove that |𝑧−1| = 1
1
12. If 𝛼 − 𝑖𝛽 = 𝑎−𝑖𝑏, prove that (𝛼 2 + 𝛽 2 )(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) = 1.
1+𝑖 2+3𝑖
13. If 𝑝 is real and the complex number 2+𝑝𝑖 + 3+𝑖
represents a point on the line 𝑦 = 𝑥, prove that
𝑝 = −5 ± √21
14. If 𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦 = √𝑎 + 𝑖𝑏, prove that (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
15. If 𝑎𝑟𝑔. (𝑧 + 2𝑖) = 𝜋⁄4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑟𝑔. (𝑧 − 2𝑖) = 3𝜋⁄4 , 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑧

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 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Mumbai-77
(A Constituent college of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)

𝑧+𝑖 𝜋
16. If |𝑧 + 𝑖| = |𝑧| 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑟𝑔 ( ) = , find 𝑧
𝑧 4
17. Find two complex numbers such that their sum is 6 and their product is 13.
𝜋 𝜓
18. If 𝑠𝑖𝑛ψ = 𝑖 tan 𝜃, prove that cos 𝜃 + 𝑖 sin 𝜃 = tan ( 4 + 2 )
1+cos 𝛼+𝑖 sin 𝛼 𝛼
19. Prove that 1−cos 𝛼+ 𝑖 sin 𝛼 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 ( 2 ) . 𝑒 𝑖(𝛼−𝜋⁄2)
(𝑝+𝑞)(𝑝𝑞−1) sin 𝜃+sin 𝛷
20. If 𝑝 = cos 𝜃 + 𝑖 sin 𝜃 , 𝑞 = cos 𝛷 + 𝑖 sin 𝛷, Show that (𝑝−𝑞)(𝑝𝑞+1)
= sin 𝜃−sin 𝛷.

21. If (𝑎1 + 𝑖 𝑏1 )(𝑎2 + 𝑖 𝑏2 ) … … … … (𝑎𝑛 + 𝑖 𝑏𝑛 ) = 𝐴 + 𝑖 𝐵, prove that

(𝑎1 2 + 𝑏1 2 )(𝑎2 2 + 𝑏2 2 ) … … … … (𝑎𝑛 2 + 𝑏𝑛 2 ) = 𝐴2 + 𝐵2 and
𝑏 𝑏 𝑏 𝐵
𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑎1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑎2 + ⋯ … … … + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝐴.
1 2 𝑛

22. If 𝑧1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧2 are two complex numbers such that |𝑧1 + 𝑧2 | = |𝑧1 − 𝑧2 |,
𝜋
prove that 𝑎𝑟𝑔. 𝑧1 − 𝑎𝑟𝑔. 𝑧2 = 2
23. Prove that, if |𝑧 − 𝑖| > |𝑧 + 𝑖| 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝐼𝑚(𝑧) < 0 .
24. If |𝑧 − 1| = |𝑧 + 1| then prove that Re 𝑧 = 0
1+𝑥+𝑖𝑦
25. If 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1, prove that 1+𝑥−𝑖𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦
3
26. If 𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦 = 2+cos 𝜃+𝑖 sin 𝜃 , prove that (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 3) + 𝑦 2 = 0.
27. If 𝑧1 , 𝑧2 are non – zero complex numbers of equal modulus and 𝑧1 ≠ 𝑧2
𝑧1 +𝑧2
then prove that is purely imaginary.
𝑧1 −𝑧2
1 1 1
28. If 𝑧1 + 𝑧2 + 𝑧3 = 0 and |𝑧1 | = |𝑧2 | = |𝑧3 | = 𝑘 show that + + = 0.
𝑧1 𝑧2 𝑧3

29. If 𝑧 = 𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦, prove that

𝑧+𝑖
(i) If is real, then locus of (𝑥, 𝑦) is a straight line.
𝑧+2
(ii) If it is pure imaginary, then the locus of a point (𝑥, 𝑦) is a circle. Also find radius and centre.

Type – 2: De-Moivre’s Theorem

1. Simplify
(cos 2𝜃−𝑖 sin 2𝜃)5 (cos 3𝜃+𝑖 sin 3𝜃)6 (cos 2𝜃+𝑖 sin 2𝜃)3 (cos 3𝜃−𝑖 sin 3𝜃)2
(i) (cos 4𝜃+𝑖 sin 4𝜃)7 (cos 𝜃−𝑖 sin 𝜃)8
(ii) (cos 4𝜃+𝑖 sin 4𝜃)5 (cos 5𝜃−𝑖 sin 5𝜃)4

2. Prove that
3 9
(1+𝑖)8 (1−𝑖√3) 𝑖 (1+𝑖√3) (1−𝑖)4 1
(i) 9 = 32
(ii) 12 = −8
(1−𝑖)6 (1+𝑖√3) (√3+𝑖) (1+𝑖)4
17
(1+𝑖√3)
3. Find the modulus and the principal value of the argument of 15
(√3−𝑖)
(1+𝑖)10
4. Express in the form 𝑎 + 𝑖𝑏 , 5
(1+𝑖√3)

5. Express (1 + 7𝑖)(2 − 𝑖)−2 in the form of 𝑟(cos 𝜃 + 𝑖 sin 𝜃) and prove that the second power is a

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 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Mumbai-77
(A Constituent college of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)

negative imaginary number and the fourth power is a negative real number.
𝑛
6. If 𝑥𝑛 + 𝑖𝑦𝑛 = (1 + 𝑖√3) , prove that 𝑥𝑛−1 𝑦𝑛 − 𝑥𝑛 𝑦𝑛−1 = 4𝑛−1 √3.

7. Simplify
1+cos 𝜃+𝑖 sin 𝜃 𝑛
(i) (1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 + 𝑖 sin 𝜃)𝑛 + (1 + cos 𝜃 − 𝑖 sin 𝜃)𝑛 (ii) ( )
1+cos 𝜃−𝑖 sin 𝜃

1+sin 𝜃+𝑖 cos 𝜃

8. Prove that 1+sin 𝜃−𝑖 cos 𝜃 = sin 𝜃 + 𝑖 cos 𝜃 Hence deduct that
𝜋 𝜋 5 𝜋 𝜋 5
(1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 + 𝑖 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) + 𝑖 (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 − 𝑖 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) = 0.
5 5 5 5
1 √3
9. If 𝑧 = + 𝑖 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 is the conjugate of z find the value of (𝑧)15 + (𝑧)15 .
2 2
10. Prove that, if n is a positive integer, then
𝑚⁄𝑛 𝑚 𝑏
(i) (𝑎 + 𝑖𝑏)𝑚⁄𝑛 + (𝑎 − 𝑖𝑏)𝑚⁄𝑛 = 2(√𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( 𝑛 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑎)
120 120
(ii) (√3 + 𝑖) + (√3 − 𝑖) = 2121
11. If n is a positive integer, prove that (1 + 𝑖)𝑛 + (1 − 𝑖)𝑛 = 2 2𝑛⁄2 cos 𝑛 𝜋⁄4
Hence, deduce that (1 + 𝑖)10 + (1 − 𝑖)10 = 0
𝑛 𝑛
−1+𝑖√3 −1−𝑖√3
12. Prove that ( ) +( ) is equal to −1 if 𝑛 = 3𝑘 ± 1 and 2 if 𝑛 = 3𝑘 where k is an
2 2
integer.
13. If 𝛼, 𝛽 are the roots of the equation 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 4 = 0 , prove that 𝛼 𝑛 + 𝛽 𝑛 = 2𝑛+1 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑛 𝜋⁄3).
(i) Deduce that 𝛼 15 + 𝛽15 = −216 (ii) Deduce that 𝛼 6 + 𝛽 6 = 128
14. If 𝛼, 𝛽 are the roots of the equation 𝑧 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 − 𝑧. sin 2𝜃 + 1 = 0, prove that
𝛼 𝑛 + 𝛽 𝑛 = 2 cos 𝑛 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑛 𝜃
15. If 𝑎 = cos 3𝛼 + 𝑖 sin 3𝛼, 𝑏 = cos 3𝛽 + 𝑖 sin 3𝛽, 𝑐 = cos 3𝛾 + 𝑖 sin 3𝛾, prove that
3 𝑎𝑏 3 𝑐
√ + √𝑎𝑏 = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛼 + 𝛽 − 𝛾)
𝑐
1 1 1
16. If 𝑥 + = 2 cos 𝜃 , 𝑦 + = 2 cos ∅ , 𝑧 + = 2 cos 𝜓, prove that
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
1 1 𝜃+𝛷+𝜓
(i) 𝑥𝑦𝑧 + 𝑥𝑦𝑧 = 2 cos(𝜃 + 𝛷 + 𝜓) (ii) √𝑥𝑦𝑧 + = 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( )
√𝑥𝑦𝑧 2
𝑚 𝑛
𝑥𝑚 𝑦𝑛 √𝑥 𝑦 𝜃 ∅
(iii) + = 2 cos(𝑚𝜃 − 𝑛𝛷) (iv) 𝑛 + 𝑚√ = 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( − )
𝑦𝑛 𝑥𝑚 √𝑦 √𝑥 𝑚 𝑛
1 𝑥 2𝑛 +1 cos 𝑛𝜃 𝑥 2𝑛 −1 sin 𝑛𝜃
17. If 𝑥 + 𝑥 = 2 cos 𝜃 then prove that 𝑥 2𝑛−1 +𝑥
= cos(𝑛−1)𝜃 and 𝑥 2𝑛−1 −𝑥 = sin(𝑛−1)𝜃

18. If 𝑎 = cos 𝛼 + 𝑖 sin 𝛼 , 𝑏 = cos 𝛽 + 𝑖 sin 𝛽, 𝑐 = cos 𝛾 + 𝑖 sin 𝛾, prove that

(𝑏+𝑐)(𝑐+𝑎)(𝑎+𝑏) (𝛼−𝛽) (𝛽−𝛾) (𝛾−𝛼)
𝑎𝑏𝑐
= 8 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 .

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 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Mumbai-77
(A Constituent college of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)

19. If a, b, c are three complex numbers such that 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 0, prove that

1 1 1
(i) + + = 0 and (ii) 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 = 0
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
20. If cos 𝛼 + cos 𝛽 + cos 𝛾 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 sin 𝛼 + sin 𝛽 + sin 𝛾 = 0, Prove that
(i) cos 2 𝛼 + cos 2𝛽 + cos 2𝛾 = 0 , sin 2 𝛼 + sin 2𝛽 + sin 2𝛾 = 0.
3
(ii) sin2 𝛼 + sin2 𝛽 + sin2 𝛾 = cos2 𝛼 + cos2 𝛽 + cos2 𝛾 =
2
(iii) 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛼 + 𝛽) + 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛽 + 𝛾) + 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛾 + 𝛼) = 0.
(iv) sin(𝛼 + 𝛽) + 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛽 + 𝛾) + 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛾 + 𝛼) = 0.
(v) cos 3𝛼 + cos 3𝛽 + cos 3𝛾 = 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾)
(vi) sin 3𝛼 + sin 3𝛽 + sin 3𝛾 = 3 sin(𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾)
21. If 𝑎 cos 𝛼 + 𝑏 cos 𝛽 + 𝑐 cos 𝛾 = 𝑎 sin 𝛼 + 𝑏 sin 𝛽 + 𝑐 sin 𝛾 = 0 , Prove that
𝑎3 cos 3𝛼 + 𝑏 3 cos 3𝛽 + 𝑐 3 cos 3𝛾 = 3𝑎𝑏𝑐 cos(𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾) and
𝑎3 sin 3𝛼 + 𝑏 3 sin 3𝛽 + 𝑐 3 sin 3𝛾 = 3 𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾)
2 𝑟 2 𝑟
22. If 𝑥𝑟 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( ) 𝜋 + 𝑖 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( ) 𝜋, prove that
3 3
(i) 𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑥3 … ∞ = 1, (ii) 𝑥0 𝑥1 𝑥2 … ∞ = −1
23. If (cos 𝜃 + 𝑖 sin 𝜃)(cos 2𝜃 + 𝑖 sin 2𝜃) … … … … (cos 𝑛 𝜃 + 𝑖 sin 𝑛 𝜃) = 𝑖, then show that the
1
general value of 𝜃 = [2𝑟 + 𝑛(𝑛+1)] 𝜋

Type -3: Roots of Complex numbers

1. Find the cube roots of unity. If 𝜔 is a complex cube root of unity prove that
1 1 1
(i) 1 + 𝜔 + 𝜔2 = 0 (ii) 1+2𝜔
+ 2+𝜔 − 1+𝜔 = 0
2. Prove that the n 𝑛th roots of unity are in geometric progression.
3. Show that the sum of the n 𝑛th roots of unity is zero.
4. Prove that the product of n 𝑛th roots of unity is (−1)𝑛−1
5. Find all the values of the following :
1⁄4
(i) (−1)1⁄5 (ii) (−𝑖)1⁄3 (ix) (1 − 𝑖 √3)
3⁄4
1 𝑖 √3
6. Find the continued product of all the values of (2 − 2
)

7. Find all the value of (1 + 𝑖)2⁄3 and find the continued product of these values.
8. Solve the equations
(i) 𝑥 9 + 8𝑥 6 + 𝑥 3 + 8 = 0 (ii) 𝑥4 − 𝑥3 + 𝑥2 − 𝑥 + 1 = 0
(iii) (𝑥 + 1)8 + 𝑥 8 = 0
1 𝜃 2𝑘𝜋
9. If (𝑥 + 1)6 = 𝑥 6 , 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = − 2 − 𝑖 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝜃 = 6
,𝑘 = 0,1,2,3,4,5.
𝑟𝜋
10. Show that the roots of (𝑥 + 1)7 = (𝑥 − 1)7 are given by ±𝑖 𝑐𝑜𝑡 7
,𝑟 = 1,2,3.

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 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Mumbai-77
(A Constituent college of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)

11. If 𝛼, 𝛼 2 , 𝛼 3 , … 𝛼 6 are the roots of 𝑥 7 − 1 = 0, find them and prove that

(1 − 𝛼)(1 − 𝛼 2 ) … … … … (1 − 𝛼 6 ) = 7.
𝜋 3𝜋
12. Prove that 𝑥 5 − 1 = (𝑥 − 1) (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 5 + 1) (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 5
+ 1) = 0.
13. Solve the equation 𝑧 𝑛 = (𝑧 + 1)𝑛 and show that the real part of all the roots is − 1⁄2.
14. If 𝑎 = 𝑒 𝑖 2𝜋⁄7 and 𝑏 = 𝑎 + 𝑎2 + 𝑎4 , 𝑐 = 𝑎3 + 𝑎5 + 𝑎6 . then prove that b & c are roots of
quadratic equation 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 2 = 0.
−1⁄2 −1⁄2
15. Prove that (i) √1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑐𝑒(𝜃⁄2) = (1 − 𝑒 𝑖𝜃 ) − (1 − 𝑒 −𝑖𝜃 )
−1⁄2 −1⁄2
(iv) √1 − 𝑠𝑐𝑒(𝜃⁄2) = (1 + 𝑒 𝑖𝜃 ) − (1 + 𝑒 −𝑖𝜃 )
16. If 1 + 2𝑖 is a root of the equation 𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 5 = 0 , find all the other roots.
17. Find the roots common to 𝑥 12 − 1 = 0 and 𝑥 4 − 𝑥 2 + 1 = 0

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