PV Systems course
1. Introduction to PV Systems PVMD
Outline - I
1. Introduction to ET4378
Team, affiliation, PV Profile
Concept of the PV Systems course
Schedule of the course
Learning objectives and assessment
2. Introduction to PV Systems
PV generation in electricity networks
PV System components
Types of PV Systems
2
1 Introduction
to ET4378
PV Systems course
team
Olindo Hesan Juan Camilo Andres
Isabella Ziar Ortiz Lizcano Calcabrini
Lecturer Instructor Instructor Instructor
Office: LB 03.480 Office: LB 03.430 Office: LB 02.500 Office: LB 03.390
Phone: 81947 Phone: 88906 Phone: 81651 Phone: 88905
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]4
Our
University
Delft University of Technology (TUDelft)
Faculty
Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS)
Department
Electrical Sustainable Energy (ESE)
Group
Photovoltaic Materials and Devices (PVMD)
5
Education Foreknowledge
PV profile
PV Basics (Q2)
PV Technologies (Q3) ET4376 (Q2)ET4377 (Q3)
PV Systems (Q4)
PV Practical Course (Q4/Q5)
PV Materials Processing
& Characterization (Q5)
Foreknowledge
ET4378 (Q4)
ET4379 (Q4/Q1)
6
Educatio
PV profile
PV Basics (Q2)
PV Technologies (Q3)
PV Systems (Q4)
PV Practical Course (Q4/Q5)
PV Materials Processing
& Characterization (Q5)
Core subject
SET master track
EE master track
EPE master track
7
Concept of the PV Systems
What have these PV Systems in common?
8
Concept of the PV Systems
The design process (*)
Yield prediction Financial aspects
c-Si
CIGS
CIS
CdTe Topologies of PV Systems
thin-film Si
…
Balance of System
PV System
Location
issues
9
Schedule:
Tuesdays 15h45 – 17h30, EWI Lecture Hall Boole
Lecture I Lecture III Lecture V Lecture VII Lecture IX Lecture XI Lecture XIII
Introduction to Topologies of PV systems PV systems PV System Design of Issues and
PV Systems PV Systems components: components: components: DC- grid-connected challenges in
Modules #1 MPP trackers DC converters PV systems PV Systems
Lecture II Lecture IV Lecture VI Lecture VIII Lecture X Lecture XII Lecture XIV
Location Design rules and PV systems PV Systems PV System Design of Financial aspects
Issues yield prediction components: components: components: DC- off-grid of PV Systems
Modules #2 Cables and AC converters PV systems
batteries
1
Schedule:
Wednesdays 13h45 – 15h30, AP FelS-Studio Classroom 2
Instruction I Instruction II Instruction III Instruction IV Instruction V Instruction VI Instruction VII
Guidelines Panel orientation PV plants MPP tracking Converters Load profile Presentation
for report Sessions
Geographical Solar modules Cables and Inverters Area and #1, #2
CAD packages survey and arrays batteries system type
Important
Instruction I: formation of 3-person teams
Instruction VII: Location to be announced
Instructions attendance not compulsory
Report submission is compulsory for exam registration
1
Schedule:
Required knowledge from:
syllabus, sheets, books and articles
…
Exam Exam (re-sit)
DW-TZ 2 CT-IZ 4.98
13h30 – 16h30 CT-IZ 4.99
9h00 – 12h00
Important
Be aware of the strict admission policy: register on time!
Students will be required to show an exam ticket AND a campus card AND have
successfully passed the Instruction VII to gain access to the exam.
An exam ticket is a the official proof of registration for an exam.
You may contact
[email protected] for examination registrations and cancellations as
well as
[email protected] for questions about invigilators.
1
Ideal
1
Less ideal
1
Realistic urban
South
South
1
Comprehensive energy yield
Sun Position and components PV modules database
Meteo data Wind speed, G,
Cloud coverage, Shape and
Temperature, ... materials
G properties
Fluid-dynamic model1,2
of the module
GAOI
SF, SVF, VF*
Orientation-dependent3
Location issues Mounting DC power SNL4 inverter model
Advanced Horicatching configuration model2
Mutual shading Energy yield
Ground Cover
Ratio SOC
SF = Shading Factor
SVF = Sky View Factor Battery model DC-to-AC conversion
VF = View Factor
G = Measured irradiance
GAOI [1] M. K. Fuentes, Sandia National Laboratories (1987)
= Irradiance on the Angle Of Incidence [2] A. H. M. Smets, et al., Solar Energy, UIT Cambridge (2016)
Comprehensive energy yield
SOC = State Of Charge [3] O. Isabella, et al., Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1771 (2015)
16 [4] https://sam.nrel.gov/content/component-databases
Learning objectives of the
1
Learning objectives of the course
Determine optimal PV panels orientation from geographical
Unfortunately…
… life is more complicated than that!
1
Learning objectives of the
Determine optimal PV panels orientation from geographical survey
Compare between different PV systems topologies
1
Learning objectives of the
Determine optimal PV panels orientation from geographical survey
Compare between different PV systems topologies
Calculate the energy yield of a PV system
2
Learning objectives of the
Determine optimal PV panels orientation from geographical survey
Compare between different PV systems topologies
Calculate the energy yield of a PV system
Identify different types of solar modules…
… and other components used in PV systems
2
Learning objectives of the
Determine optimal PV panels orientation from geographical survey
Compare between different PV systems topologies
Calculate the energy yield of a PV system
Identify different types of solar modules…
… and other components used in PV systems
Justify the importance of bypass diodes …
… and power conversion in PV systems
2
Learning objectives of the course
Determine optimal PV panels orientation from geographical survey
Compare between different PV systems topologies
Calculate the energy yield of a PV system
Identify different types of solar modules…
… and other components used in PV systems
Justify the importance of bypass diodes …
… and power conversion in PV systems
Analyse different power tracking methods
2
Learning objectives of the course
Determine optimal PV panels orientation from geographical survey
Compare between different PV systems topologies
Calculate the energy yield of a PV system
Identify different types of solar modules…
… and other components used in PV systems
Justify the importance of bypass diodes …
… and power conversion in PV systems
Analyse different power tracking methods
Design PV systems for different applications and estimate the cost
2
Learning objectives of the course
Determine optimal PV panels orientation from geographical survey
Compare between different PV systems topologies
Calculate the energy yield of a PV system
Identify different types of solar modules…
… and other components used in PV systems
Justify the importance of bypass diodes …
… and power conversion in PV systems
Analyse different power tracking methods
Design PV systems for different applications and estimate the cost
Defend the goodness of your PV System design
2
Assessment
Instructions
Attendance of Instructions I – VI is not compulsory
Assignments given during lectures are not compulsory and are not assessed
Attendance of Instruction VII is compulsory for accruing 4 ECTS
Report
Compulsory for exam attendance
Guidelines / template / example will be made available by Instruction I
Delivered within Sunday, 3 June 2018
Report score (SR) is between 1 and 10 and is the average of three areas:
o Structure
o Scientific content
o Discussion
If SR < 5.75, the team FAILS. This entails that:
o Team’s members cannot sit at the first sit
o Team’s members can submit an improved report before the second sit
o Team’s report is re-evaluated before the second sit (date to be communicated)
2
Assessment
Oral presentation
Compulsory for exam attendance
Each member of the team has to give a number of slides
Presentation score (SP) is between 1 and 10 and is the average of three areas:
o Scientific content
o Structure / timing / presentation skills
o Defense
No-show equals to SP = 0
Exam
The exam score (SE) will be between 1 and 10
Final grade = 0.25 · SR + 0.15 · SP + 0.60 · SE
2
Material for study
Books
Solar Energy – The physics and engineering of
photovoltaic conversion, technologies and systems
(paper version and free e-book can be bought
here)
Practical Handbook of Photovoltaics - Fundamental
and Applications (Second Edition, available in
TUDelft Library: http://www.library.tudelft.nl/en/)
Scientific papers
Referenced for in-depth study and analysis
Internet
PV Resources (http://www.pvresources.com/)
PVGIS (http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pvgis/)
PV Systems MOOC
2
Sandia National Laboratories PVPerformance (https://pvpmc.sandia.gov/)
Dutch PV Portal 2.0 (http://www.tudelft.nl/pvp2)
Datasheets of products, Wikipedia, WolframAlpha, …
2
2 Introduction
to PV
Systems
Past Electricity
Factory
House
Centralized and
monodirectional
Utility pole
Power plant:
- Thermal
- Nuclear
- Hydro-electric Transmission line
220 V
Substation
<10 kV
Increasing distance
50-150 kV Decreasing voltage
~400 kV
3
Solar Energy, a renewable
Annual solar
PV plants: energy potential
23000 TW
• Silent
• Emission-free
• Low-maintenance
PV power is decentralized peak power World
• Generated where it is used consumption
• Key player in the energy mix 16 TW
3
Future Electricity
Factory House
Decentralized and bidirectional Utility pole
distribution
Power plant Transmission line
Solar and wind
Substation farms
~400 kV
3
Classification of PV
PV
systems
Stand-alone Grid-connected
system
Without storage With storage Hybrid systems
Directly
Appliances connected to
… with
wind
Small Connected to
applications the grid via
… with
AC stand- cogeneratio
alone n engine
DC stand- … with
alone diesel
3
Components of PV May contain
for maximum power
point tracking
Battery Charge DC load
controller
Solar modules
DC/AC
AC load
PV panels PV System inverter
DC-DC
By-pass
converter
diodes
Mounting Cables
frames
Co-generator
Balance of System (BoS)
3
World’s largest solar-powered bridge:
Blackfriars Bridge, London, UK
