Leonel dos Santos Orlando Munguambe

Semester Lesson Summary

Degree in Mathematics

University Save
Chongoene
2024
 Semester Lesson Summary
First day
Exercise: Complete the sentences using the following verly: Cause (s), commet(s), drink(s),
live(s), take (s).
1.1.Tania speaks German very well.
1.2. I don’t often drink conffee.
1.3. The swimming pool opens at 7:30 every morning.
1.4. Bad driving causes many accidents.
1.5.My parents live in a very small flat.
1.6.The oly[ic games take place every four years.
1.7.The Panama cand commets the atlant and Pacific Ocean.
Greetings and responses
I. I – Hello.
II. How are you doing? – Nothing much.
III. whatʹs up? – Alright. How about you?
IV. Hello – Hi
V. How are you – Very well, thank you, and you?
VI. Good morning/Afternoon/Evening – Good morning.
VII. Good to see you – Good to see you.
Present continuous tense
(I am doing) S + Be + Verb + Ing
We use the continuos for things happening at or around the time of speaking. The actions is not
complete.
(I am doing)
Timeline: Past → Future
now
E.g. The watter is bolling. Can you turn it off?
ANOTHER DAYS
Present simple of be: Am, is, are
Use the present simple of be:
With age: Carlos is fifteen.
With an adjective: Youʹre right.
With this and that: This is my bike.
With nationality: They are Turkish.
 With jobs: Jim is a dentist.

Statements
I am he is we are
Iʹm heʹs weʹre
You are she is they are
youʹre sheʹs theyʹre
it is
itʹs
Negative
I am not he is not we are not
Iʹm not he isnʹt we arenʹt
You are not she is not they are not
You arenʹt she isnʹt they arenʹt
It is not
It isnʹt
Yes/No Questions
Am I ______? Is he ________ ? Are we _______?
Are you _______? Is she _______ ? Are they ________?
Is it ______?
Zero conditional
Form: If + present + present
It is used to introduce conditions that are always true with automatic or habitual results.
e.g. If I have a cold, I stay at home.
First conditional
Form: If + present + will
First conditional is used to describe what will not happen (probability) that is possible condition
and probable result.
e.g. If they donʹt hurry, they will miss the bus.
If they will miss the bus if they donʹt hurry.
We will go for work if the weather cleans.
If she finishes work early, she will go home.
Second conditional
Form: If + past + would
Second conditional is to express hypothetical condition and its probable result, that is, to express
something that is impossible something more distant from reality, imagination.
e.g. If I had money, I would eat in restaurant all the time.
If I had lots of money, I would traved the world.
Third conditional
Form: If …+ Past perfect …+ would have.
Itʹs used to describe a situation that didnʹt happen, and to imagine the result of this situation.
This, it express regret about something that can now never happen.
e.g. She would have become a manager if she had gone to university.
If we had gone by car, we would have saved time.
If had any sense, I wouldnʹt have bought a second hand car.

Modal verbs
1. Definition of modal verbs;
2. Different types of modal verbs;
3. Usages;
4. Examples.
Seminar work
1. Active and passive voice;
2. Present perfect Tense;
3. Tag questions;
4. Relative Clauses;
5. Fractions. Assiments deadline: 19/Abril/2024
Modal verbs
Modal verbs are verbs that indicate ability, permission, prediction, offer, request, obligation,
suggestions, opinions, etc.
Types of modal verbs Usage
Can – Could ---------------------------------- Ability
May – might --------------------------------- Permission, Uncertainty
Shall – Should ------------------------------- Advice, opinion
Will – should -------------------------------- Advice, opinion
Will – would -------------------------------- Prediction
Must? ---------------------------------------- Obligation
Modals and related verbs
1. I can lift 25kg. I can type. → Ability
2. You may leave early. → Permission
3. You look tired. You should go to bed. → Advice
4. It will rain. → Prediction
5. You must be quiet. → Total obligation
It is important to state that modal verbs have more than one morning. Thatʹs why they can
be used to express certainty, to make an offer, request, suggestions, invitations, advice,
opinion, etc.

Arithmetic
Arithmetic is the branch of mathematics that deals the adding, subtracting, multiplying and
diving numbers.
Addition
Addition is the process of adding two or more numbers together to find their total.
To add up is to calculate the total or two or more number or amounts.
The operation of addition relates two numbers, called addends, with a third number called sum.
a + b = c
addend plus addend equals sum
Reanding numbers in two ways
a) 1 + 4 = 5
I. The sum of one and four equals five.
II. One plus four equals five.
Subtraction
Subtraction is the process of taking a number or amount away another number or amount.
Subtraction is the operation of finfing an addend when a sum and one addend are knowm.
a – b = c
minuend minus subtrahend equals difference
We can either say the Difference of a and b equals c or a minus b equals c.
Read the following in two different ways
a) 9 – 6 =3
I. Difference of nine and six equal three.
II. Nine minus six equals three.
CARRIED OUT THE FIRST TEST
In the later lesson
Numbers
To discourse the concept of numbers;
To distinguish the types of numbers;
To provide examples of types of numbers.
Number is a word or symbol that represents an amount or a quantity, synonymy (figure).
A number is an arithmetic value used for representing the quantity and in making calculations.
Types of numbers
Ever number;
Odd number;
Cardinal number;
Ordinal number;
Prime number;
Whole number.
Also, in this lesson, we are learned to count from one to trillion.
One (1) ---- twenty (20)
The use of comma
e,g. 28,144 or 28 144
Twenty-eight thousand, one hundred and fourty-four.
Billion 1 000 000 000
Trillion (one million million)
1 000 000 000 000
Arithmetic
Multiplication
a x b = c
factor times factor equals product
we can either say a times b iqual to c.
The product of a and b iqual to c.
Read the following in two different ways
a) 3 x 4 = 12
I. The product of three and four is twelve.
II. Three times four equals to twelve.
Division
a ÷ b = c
dividend divisor quotient
we say a divided by b equal c.
a) 8 ÷ 4 = 2
Eight divided by four equals two.
Day of presentation of themes
Active and passive voice;
Present perfect Tense;
Tag questions;
Relative Clauses;
Fractions.

Concept of numbers
Number is a word or symbol that represents an amount or a quantity.
A number is a arithmetic value used for representing the quantity and used in making
calculations.
A number system is a writing system for denoting numbers using digits or symbols in a logical
manner.
Special number
Cardinal number (1;2;3;4;5;…)
They define how many of something are there in a list.
Ordinal number (1st;2nd;3rd;4th;5th;…)
Explain the position of something in a list, such as first, second, third, fourth, and so on.
Prime numbers
There are number that can be divided only by themselves and one. (3;7;11;13;17;21;…)
Whole numbers
A number that consists of one more units with no fractions (1;2;3;4;5;…)
Writing and saying numbers
One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen,…, twenty.
Writing or saying numbers over 100
For numbers over 100 we are use and to link the hundred with the tens.
e.g. 340 → Three hundred and forty
Note: In the American English the and is often lift out.
The use comma
A comma is used after the millions or the thousands when a number is written in words. When
the numbers is written in figures, we use a comma or sometimes in British Eng;ish a space.
e.g. 28,144 28 144
Twenty-eight thousand, one hundred and forty-four.
Writing or saying numbers over 1 000 000
2,600,830 2 600 830
Two million, six hundred thousand, eight hundred and thirty.
Zero
English has several names for the figure 0. Zero is the precise, but the words nought, nothing,
o and nil are used in different context.
Zero is used especially in scientific, medicine, and economic contexts and to talk about
temperature.
e.g. The temperature here rarely falls below zero.
Naught or naught is often used in British English to talk about the figure zero as part of a
number.
e.g. A million is one followed by six naught.
We sell clothes for children aged naught to six, (0 – 6)
Nil is used in sports context. (Liverpol won Arsenal three nil)
Nil is also used beyond sports context to mean nothing at all.
Fractions → Rational numbers
In mathematics, a fraction defined as the part of the whole things Fractions help to described
and judge the numbers easily and make the calculation faster.
A fractions has two parts, namely numerator and denominator. The number on the top is
called the numerator, and the number defines on the botton is called the denominator.
The numerator defines the number of equal parts taken, whereas the denominator defines
the total number of equal part in a whole.
Examples:
5
, is a fraction.
10

Here, 5 is a numeration and 10 is a denominator.

Real life example: If we divide a slice of watermelon into three equal parts them each part is
equal 1⁄3 𝑟𝑑 of the whole.
Types of fractions
Unit fraction – in a fraction the numerator with 1 is called a unit fraction.
e.g. 1⁄2→ One half, 1⁄4→ One quarters.
Proper fraction → if a numerator value is less than the denominator value.
e.g. 7⁄9, 8⁄10
Improper fraction – if a numerator value is less than the denominator value.
e.g. 6⁄5; 11⁄10.
Mixed fraction – if a fraction consists of whole number which a proper fraction.
3 1 1
e.g. 54 → Five three quarters; 10 2 → Ten one half; 8 2 →eight half.

Like fractions – the fractions with the same denominator are called like fraction: 4⁄2, 7⁄2,
9⁄2.
Reading fractions
Fraction Read
1⁄2 One half
1⁄3 One third
1⁄4 One quarter\fourfh
1⁄5 One fifth
−1⁄17 Minus one seventeenth
−5⁄34 Minus five thirty-fourth
3⁄8 Three eighth
26⁄9 Twenty-six ninths
2 3⁄7 Two and three sevenths
Relative pronouns and relative clauses
1. Who\That : refers to persons;
2. Which\That: refer to things;
3. Whose refers to the possessive of persons;
4. Whom refers to persons and is often used with a preposition.
Example
Where is the cheese (which/that) was in the fridge.
I donʹt stories that have unhappy endings. (or stories which have …)
Grace works for a company that makes furniture (or A company which makes
furniture).
The machine that broke down is working again now. (or The machine which broke
down).
And finally, carrying out the test and its correction and delivery.