Machine ECM

The following is a list of Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC's) that are associated with
the CAN Data Link of the machine.

Table 1
Machine ECM (MID 299)
DTC Code Description System Response
Machine components that directly
Proprietary CAN Data Link (CAN
246-9 communicate on this link will be
1) : Abnormal Update Rate
unavailable.
Machine components that directly
246- Proprietary CAN Data Link (CAN
communicate on this link will be
19 1) : Data Error
unavailable.
Machine components that directly
SAE J1939 Data Link (CAN 2) :
247-9 communicate on this link will be
Abnormal Update Rate
unavailable.
Machine components that directly
247- SAE J1939 Data Link (CAN 2) :
communicate on this link will be
19 Data Error
unavailable.
Machine components that directly
2300- Switch Panel : Abnormal Update
communicate on this link will be
9 Rate
unavailable.
Each CAN Data Link circuit is an input and output of select electronic control
modules. The data link is designed to carry communications between the electronic
control modules. The data link consists of internal control circuits and the connecting
harness wiring.

Note: If a Cat Grade Control (CGC) element is replaced as a result of this

troubleshooting procedure, calibration of the CGC system will be required
before the machine is returned to service

Possible Causes for an FMI 9 diagnostic code are:

 The wrong software is installed on an ECM.

 An improper key was used to try to start the machine.
 The Machine ECM is operating intermittently.
 Terminating resistors on the J1939 data link are faulty.
 An open or a poor connection in the data link circuit.
 Short in the data link circuit.
 An ECM or smart device is not powering up or powering down properly.
 Lack of key switch input to an ECM or smart device (where applicable).
 The energize circuit for the MSS Key Reader may have failed.
 Excessive noise on the data link circuit.
 One of the ECM modules or smart devices has failed. This condition is
unlikely.
The FMI 9 means that the Machine ECM has lost all communication with another
control module.

The CID 0247 FMI 9 diagnostic code will never be activated by the Machine ECM as
a stand-alone diagnostic code. The Machine ECM will only activate the CID 0247
FMI 9 diagnostic code with one of the following Component Identifier (CID) codes:

 An open or a poor connection in the data link circuit.

 Short in the data link circuit.
 Excessive noise on the data link circuit.
 One of the ECM modules or smart devices has failed. This condition is
unlikely.

An FMI 19 diagnostic code is likely related to an intermittent failure of the Data Link.
Examine the Data Link connections for loose connections. Before starting the
troubleshooting process, examine the wiring harness for the Data Link for signs of
damage as a result of vibration or crimping.

Note: A loss of power in the system to an ECM can cause the Machine ECM to
activate this diagnostic code combination. Ensure that the ECM modules with
this diagnostic code are powered up before proceeding with this procedure.

The FMI 19 diagnostic code is caused by erroneous network data between the
Machine ECM and select modules on the CAN Data Link. The component for
measuring the real world data is wired directly to the module sourcing the data to the
network. This code indicates that the message was received properly but the value
was an error indicator. The reason this code is set is because the Machine ECM will
need to take response action based on the error value.

Note: The FMI 19 diagnostic code is accompanied by other diagnostic codes related
to the data link.

Illustration 1 g06059630
Data Link schematic
Note: The diagram above is a simplified schematic of the Machine ECM, Switch
Panel, and Monitor connections. The schematic is electrically correct. However, not
all the possible harness connectors are shown. Refer to the latest revision of
Electrical Schematic, UENR6930 for 320D2 and 320D2 GC excavator electrical
systems.

Diagnostic Trouble Code Procedure

Note: Prior to beginning this procedure, inspect the harness connectors that are
involved in this circuit. Poor connections can often be the cause of a problem in an
electrical circuit. Verify that all connections in the circuit are clean, secure, and in
good condition. Check the wiring for pinch points or abrasions. Look for and repair
areas that indicate wires are exposed. If a problem with a connection is found,
correct the problem and verify that this diagnostic code is active before performing a
troubleshooting procedure.

1. Identify the active FMI code associated with the components.

2. Determine which code is present and use the list below to determine which
procedure to follow.

 FMI 9 diagnostic code, proceed to Table 2.

 FMI 19 diagnostic code, proceed to Table 3.

Table 2
FMI 9 Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Test Steps Values Results
OK - All the part numbers are
correct

Proceed to Test Step 2.

1. Verify The Hardware And The
Software Part Numbers(1) NOT OK - All the part numbers
are not correct
A. Verify that the following
information is correct: Repair: The ECM or the sensors
All the part have the wrong part number or
-The part number of the flash numbers are incorrect flash software is
software for the ECM is correct. correct installed. Flash the correct
-The part number of the ECM is software or replace the incorrect
correct. ECM or the sensor with a module
-The part numbers of the sensors are that has the correct part number.
correct. Refer to the Troubleshooting,
"ECM - Flash Program" section for
additional information

Proceed to Test Step 9.

2. Inspect The Harness OK - The machine harness
Connections connectors are tight and free of
corrosion.
A. Turn key start switch and
disconnect switch to the OFF Proceed to Test Step 4.
The machine
position.
harness
NOT OK - The machine harness
connectors are
B. Inspect all harness connections connectors are in need of repair.
tight and free of
related to the CAN data link. Make
corrosion.
sure that the connectors are clean Repair: Repair or replace the
and tight. machine harness.

C. Check the connectors for proper Proceed to Test Step 9.

mating. Ensure that all the seals are
present and in place.

D. Check the harness for signs of

damage or abrasion.

E. Check the wires at the connector.

Ensure that the wires are secured
tightly into the connector. Take care
not to pull the wire out of the
connector.

F. Check the exposed wires at the

connectors for nicks or signs of
abrasion.

G. Check for moisture inside the

connector.
3. Check The Voltage Of The Data
Link
OK - The voltages of the wires for
the data links are correct.
A. Turn the key start switch and the
disconnect switch to the ON
Proceed to Test Step 6.
position.
NOT OK - The voltage is greater
B. Connect Cat® Electronic
The reading is than 4.5 V.
Technician (Cat® ET) Service Tool
0.5V to 4.5V on
to verify the ECM modules with
each wire. Proceed to Test Step 7.
logged communication diagnostics.
At each ECM or device that is not
NOT OK - The voltage is less than
communicating, use an electrical
0.5 V.
spoon to measure the voltage. One at
a time, measure the voltage of the
Proceed to Test Step 4.
CAN data link wires to frame
ground.
4. Check For Short To Ground In OK - The harness circuit resistance
The Data Link is correct.

A. The key start switch and Proceed to Test Step 5.

disconnect switch remain OFF.
NOT OK - A reading is less than 5
B. Disconnect the machine harness The reading is Ω. The machine harness has failed.
connectors from all electronic greater than 5K
control modules that use the suspect Ω. Repair: There is a short between
CAN data link. frame ground and the contacts of
the CAN data link circuit in the
C. At the machine harness for the machine harness. Repair or replace
Machine ECM, measure the the machine harness.
resistance between frame ground and
the positive CAN connector contact Note: A resistance greater than 5
of the circuit. Ω but less than 5K Ω indicates a
loose connection or a corroded
D. At the machine harness for the connection in the circuit. A
Machine ECM, measure the resistance measurement greater
resistance between frame ground and than 5K Ω indicates an open in the
the negative CAN connector contact circuit.
of the circuit.
Proceed to Test Step 9.
5. Check For A Short Between The OK - The resistance measurement
Data Link Wires is correct.

A. The key start switch and the Proceed to Test Step 6.

disconnect switch remain in the OFF
position. NOT OK - The resistance
The reading is
measurement is not correct. The
greater than 5K
B. Disconnect the terminating wires for the data link are shorted
Ω.
resistors if the resistors are a part of together.
the circuit.
Repair: Repair the machine
C. Measure the continuity between harness or replace the harness.
the data link wires. Proceed to Test Step 9.
6. Check The Terminating
Resistors OK - Both resistance
measurements are approximately
A. The key start switch and the 120 Ω. The terminating resistors
disconnect switch remain in the OFF have not failed. Reinstall the
position. terminating resistors.

B. The terminating resistors remain Proceed to Test Step 7.

disconnected.
NOT OK - One or both resistance
C. Check the terminating resistor measurements are not
The reading is
connectors for the following: approximately 120 Ω. At least one
approx. 120 Ω.
of the resistors is not functioning
-Moisture properly.
-Corrosion
-Damaged Terminals Repair: Replace the terminating
-Loose Connections resistor or resistors that have
failed. Reinstall the terminating
D. Measure the resistance between resistor that has not failed.
terminal A and B of each
terminating resistor that was Proceed to Test Step 9.
removed from the CAN circuit.
7. Check For A Short To +Battery OK - The harness circuit resistance
Circuit In The Data Link The reading is is correct.
greater than 5K
A. The key start switch and Ω. Proceed to Test Step 8.
disconnect switch are OFF.
NOT OK - A reading is less than 5
B. All related modules remain Ω. The machine harness has failed.
disconnected from the machine
harness. Repair: There is a short between
the +battery circuit and one of the
C. At the machine harness connector CAN data link circuits in the
for the Machine ECM, measure the machine harness. Repair or replace
resistance between the connector the machine harness.
contact for the +Battery and the
positive CAN connector contact. Note: A resistance that is greater
than 5 Ω but less than 5K Ω would
D. At the machine harness connector indicate a loose connection or a
for the Machine ECM, measure the corroded connection in the circuit.
resistance between the connector A resistance measurement that is
contact for the +Battery and the greater than 5K Ω would indicate
negative CAN connector contact. an open in the circuit.

Proceed to Test Step 9.

8. Check The Data Link For An OK - The resistance measurements
Open are correct.

Note: Two 120 Ω resistors should be Proceed to Step 9.

on the CAN Data Link. A resistance
of 60 Ω should be found at any point NOT OK - At least one resistance
on the data link. measurement is greater than 65 Ω.
If the resistance is approximately
A. The key start switch and 115 to 125Ω. There is an open in
disconnect switch are OFF. the harness.

B. Use an electrical spoon to connect Repair: Repair or replace the

to the back of the harness connector machine harness.
for each ECM that has
All resistance
communication issues. Proceed to Test Step 9.
measurements
are between 55
C. Measure the resistance across the NOT OK - At least one resistance
and 65 Ω
CAN line at each connector to find measurement is less than 55 Ω.
the open wire. If the resistance
measurement is 60 Ω, that connector Repair: Look for the source of the
does not have an open between short by disconnecting the
either terminating resistor. If the terminating resistors and check the
resistance measurement is 120 Ω, resistance again. If the resistance is
there is an open at that connector, still under 55 Ω, continue
between one of the terminating disconnecting ECMs and devices
resistors. If the resistance is greater from the CAN circuit until the
than 5K Ω, there is an open between resistance goes up.
that connector and both terminating If everything is disconnected from
resistors. If there is a measurement the CAN circuit, and the resistance
of 40 Ω, there is an extra terminating still is less than 55 Ω the harness
resistor somewhere on the line. Once has failed.
the section of harness containing the
open is isolated, repair or replace the Repair or replace the machine
machine harness. harness.

Proceed to Test Step 9.

OK - The diagnostic code does not
exist currently. The initial
diagnostic code may have been
caused by poor electrical
connection or short at one of the
9. Check If The Diagnostic Code harness connections. Resume
Remains machine operation.

A. Reconnect all harness connectors. STOP.

Return machine to normal operating
condition. NOT OK - The diagnostic trouble
code has not been corrected. If the
B. Turn the key start switch and the diagnostic code has not been
disconnect switch ON. corrected after performing the
The diagnostic
procedure a second time, the ECM
code is no longer
C. Clear all diagnostic codes. may require replacement.
present.
D. Operate the machine. Prior to replacing the ECM, always
contact the Technical
E. Stop the machine and engage the Communicator at your dealership
safety lock lever. for possible consultation with
Caterpillar. This consultation may
F. Check if the diagnostic code is effect repair time.
active.
Follow the steps in
Troubleshooting, "ECM - Replace"
if the ECM needs to be replaced.

STOP.
(1)
Consult your Caterpillar Authorized Dealer for the correct part numbers of the flash software.
Table 3
FMI 19 Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Test
Values Results
Steps
1. Check For Diagnostic OK - All troubleshooting has been
Codes Related To Data performed, the diagnostic code is no
Link longer active.
All troubleshooting has
been performed, the
A. Connect a laptop Proceed to Test Step 2.
diagnostic code is no
loaded with the latest
longer active.
version of Cat ET to the NOT OK - All troubleshooting has
service connector. been performed, diagnostic code is still
 active.
B. Note all diagnostic
codes related to the data Repair: Perform this procedure again.
link. If the failure is not found, replace the
ECM.
C. Perform the
troubleshooting Proceed to Test Step 2.
procedure to correct the
active diagnostic codes.
OK - The diagnostic code does not
exist currently. The initial diagnostic
code may have been caused by poor
electrical connection or short at one of
2. Check If The the harness connections. Resume
Diagnostic Code machine operation.
Remains
STOP.
A. Turn the key start
switch and the disconnect NOT OK - The diagnostic trouble code
switch ON. has not been corrected. If the diagnostic
code has not been corrected after
B. Clear all diagnostic performing the procedure a second
codes. The diagnostic code is time, the ECM may require
no longer present. replacement.
C. Operate the machine.
Prior to replacing the ECM, always
D. Stop the machine and contact the Technical Communicator at
engage the safety lock your dealership for possible
lever. consultation with Caterpillar. This
consultation may effect repair time.
E. Check if the diagnostic
code is active. Follow the steps in Troubleshooting,
"ECM - Replace" if the ECM needs to
be replaced.

STOP.
PSP-00036DB5
2024/03/02
19:23:52-08:00
i06617028
© 2024 Caterpillar Inc.