Objective Type Questions

Question 1
If you apply a net force of 3 N on .1 kg-box, what is the acceleration of
the box
(a) 2 m/s2
(b) 30 m/s2
(c) 10 m/s2
(d) None of these.

Answer

Given F=3 N
m=.1 kg
F=ma𝐹=𝑚𝑎
or
a=Fm=30𝑎=𝐹𝑚=30 m/s2

Question 2
If a net force of 7 N was constantly applied on 400 g object at rest,
how long will it take to raise its velocity to 80 m/s?
a. 0 s
b. 2.23 s
c. 3.47 s
d. 4.57 s

Answer

Given F=7 N,m=400g= .4 kg Acceleration is given by a=Fm𝑎=𝐹𝑚

a=17.5 m/s2
Now u=0,v=80 m/s v=u+at𝑣=𝑢+𝑎𝑡
t=v−ua𝑡=𝑣−𝑢𝑎
t=4.57 sec

Question 3
An object of mass 10 g is sliding with a constant velocity of 2 m/ s on a
frictionless horizontal table. The force required to keep the object
moving with the same velocity is
(a) 0 N
(b) 5 N
(c) 10 N
(d)20 N

Answer

As m=0, F=0
Hence (a) is correct

Question 4
An object of mass 2 kg is sliding with a constant velocity of 8 m/s on a
frictionless horizontal table. The force required to keep the object
moving with the same velocity is
(a) 16 N
(b) 8 N
(c) 2 N
(d) 0 N

Answer

(d) as there is no friction force

Table type Question

Question 5.
A particle of 10 kg is moving in a constant acceleration 2m/s2 starting
from rest. What is its momentum and velocity per the table given
below

Answer

Velocity can find using

v=u+at𝑣=𝑢+𝑎𝑡
For u=0
v=at𝑣=𝑎𝑡
Momentum
P=mv𝑃=𝑚𝑣

Very Short answer type

Question 6
How much net force is required to accelerate a 1000 kg car at 4.00
m/s2?

Answer

Question 7
A body of mass 1 kg undergoes a change of velocity of 4m/s in 4s what
is the force acting on it?

Answer

Given Δv=4m/sΔ𝑣=4𝑚/𝑠 ,t=4 s ,m=1kg

Acceleration is given by a=Δvt𝑎=Δ𝑣𝑡
a=1 m/s2
Now force is given by
F=ma𝐹=𝑚𝑎
F=1 N

Question 8
A sedan car of mass 200kg is moving with a certain velocity . It is
brought to rest by the application of brakes, within a distance of 20m
when the average resistance being offered to it is 500N.What was the
velocity of the motor car?

Answer

F=ma𝐹=𝑚𝑎
or
a=Fm𝑎=𝐹𝑚
or
a= -500/200=-2.5 m/s2
Now

v2=u2+2as𝑣2=𝑢2+2𝑎𝑠
Now v=0,s=20 m,a=-2.5 m/s2
So, u=10 m/s

Question 9
A driver accelerates his car first at the rate of 4 m/s2 and then at the
rate of 8 m/s2 .Calculate the ration of the forces exerted by the
engines?

Answer
F1=ma1𝐹1=𝑚𝑎1
and
F2=ma2𝐹2=𝑚𝑎2
So,Ratio of force exerted is given by
=F1F2=ma1ma2=a1a2=1:2=𝐹1𝐹2=𝑚𝑎1𝑚𝑎2=𝑎1𝑎2=1:2

Question 10
A cricket ball of mass 0.20 kg is moving with a velocity of 1.2m/s . Find
the impulse on the ball and average force applied by the player if he is
able to stop the ball in 0.10s?

Answer

The impulse experienced by an object is given by the change in momentum. Mathematically,

impulse (I) is defined as:I=Δp𝐼=Δ𝑝where ΔpΔ𝑝 is the change in momentum. The momentum
(p) of an object is given by the product of its mass (m) and velocity (v):p=m⋅v𝑝=𝑚⋅𝑣So, the
change in momentum is:Δp=m⋅ΔvΔ𝑝=𝑚⋅Δ𝑣In this case, the cricket ball is stopped, so the
final velocity (vf𝑣𝑓) is 0 m/s. Therefore, the change in velocity (ΔvΔ𝑣)
is:Δv=vf−viΔ𝑣=𝑣𝑓−𝑣𝑖where vi𝑣𝑖 is the initial velocity. Now, calculate the
impulse:I=m⋅Δv𝐼=𝑚⋅Δ𝑣I=m⋅(vf−vi)𝐼=𝑚⋅(𝑣𝑓−𝑣𝑖)I=(0.20kg)⋅(0−1.2m/
s)𝐼=(0.20kg)⋅(0−1.2m/s)I=−0.24Ns𝐼=−0.24NsThe negative sign indicates that the
direction of the impulse is opposite to the initial velocity. Now, to find the average force ( F𝐹)
applied by the player, you can use the formula:F=IΔt𝐹=𝐼Δ𝑡where ΔtΔ𝑡 is the time over
which the force is applied. In this
case, Δt=0.10sΔ𝑡=0.10s:F=−0.24Ns0.10s𝐹=−0.24Ns0.10sF=−2.4N𝐹=−2.4NThe
negative sign indicates that the force is applied in the opposite direction to the initial motion of
the ball.

Short Answer type

Question 11
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A hockey ball of mass .2 Kg travelling at 10 ms-1 is struck by a

hockey stick so as to return it along its original path with a velocity at
2 m/s . Calculate the change of momentum occurred in the motion of
the hockey ball by the force applied by the hockey stick.

Answer
ΔP=m×(v−u)=0.2×(−2−10)=−2.4Δ𝑃=𝑚×(𝑣−𝑢)=0.2×(−2−10)=−2.4 kg ms-1
(The negative sign indicates a change in direction of hockey ball after it is struck by hockey
stick. )

Question 12
Two objects of masses of 100 gm and 200 gm are moving in along the
same line and direction with velocities of 2 ms-1 and 1 ms-
1
respectively. They collide and after collision, the first object moves
at a velocity of 1.67 ms-1. Determine the velocity of the second object?

Answer

Given m1=100gm=0.1kg𝑚1=100𝑔𝑚=0.1𝑘𝑔, m2=200gm=0.2kg𝑚2=200𝑔𝑚=0.2𝑘

𝑔
u1=2𝑢1=2 ms-1, u2=1𝑢2=1 ms-1, v1=1.67𝑣1=1.67 ms-1, v2=?𝑣2=?
By the law of conservation of momentum,
m1u1+m2u2=m1v2+m2v2𝑚1𝑢1+𝑚2𝑢2=𝑚1𝑣2+𝑚2𝑣2
0.1×2+0.2×1=0.1×1.67+0.2v20.1×2+0.2×1=0.1×1.67+0.2𝑣2
v2=1.165𝑣2=1.165 ms-1
It will move in the same direction after collision

Question 13
Anand leaves his house at 8.30 a.m. for his school. The school is 2 km
away and classes start at 9.00 a.m. If he walks at a speed of 3 km/h for
the first kilometre, at what speed should he walk the second kilometre
to reach just in time?

Question 14
An object of mass 1kg acquires a speed of 10 m/s when pushed
forward. What is the impulse given to the object?

Answer

Impulse=Change in Momentum= 10 Kgm/s

Question 15
A bullet of mass 10 gm is fired with an initial velocity of 20 m/s from a
rifle of mass 4 kg. Calculate the initial recoil velocity of the rifle?

Answer

Let v be the initial recoil velocity of the rifle From law of conservation of Momentum
0=.01×20+4×v0=.01×20+4×𝑣
Or v=−.05m/s𝑣=−.05𝑚/𝑠

Question 16
Which would require a greater force �� accelerating a 2 kg mass at 5
m/s2 or a 6 kg mass at 2 m/s2?

Answer

we have F=ma𝐹=𝑚𝑎.
Here we have m1=2𝑚1=2 kg and a1=5m/s2𝑎1=5𝑚/𝑠2
and m2=6𝑚2=6 kg and a2=2m/s2𝑎2=2𝑚/𝑠2 .
So,
F1=m1a1=2×5=10N𝐹1=𝑚1𝑎1=2×5=10𝑁
F2=m2a2=6×2=8N𝐹2=𝑚2𝑎2=6×2=8𝑁.
Here F1<F2𝐹1<𝐹2
Thus, accelerating a 6 kg mass at 2 m/s2 would require a greater force

Question 17.
A force of 5 N produces an acceleration of 8 m/s2 on a
mass m1𝑚1 and an acceleration of 24 m/s2 on a mass m2𝑚2. What
acceleration would the same force provide if both the masses are tied
together?

Answer

From Force formula

F=ma𝐹=𝑚𝑎
5=8m15=8𝑚1 or m1=58𝑚1=58
and 5=24m25=24𝑚2 or m2=524𝑚2=524
Now when the two masses are tied and same force is applied, acceleration will be
a=Fm1+m2=558+524=6m/s2𝑎=𝐹𝑚1+𝑚2=558+524=6𝑚/𝑠2

Question 18.
A hammer of mass 500 g, moving at 50 m/s, strikes a nail. The nail
stops the hammer in a very short time of 0.01 s. what is the force of
the nail on the hammer?

Answer

Acceleration of the Hammer is given by

a=v−ut=0−50.01=−5000m/s2𝑎=𝑣−𝑢𝑡=0−50.01=−5000𝑚/𝑠2
Force is given by
F=ma=.5×5000=2500N𝐹=𝑚𝑎=.5×5000=2500𝑁

Long Answer type

Question 19
An 8000 kg engine pulls a train of 5 wagons, each of 2000 kg along a
horizontal track. If the engine exerts a force of 40000 N and the track
offers a friction force of 5000 N, then calculate:
(a) The net accelerating force;
(b) The acceleration of the train; and
(c) The force of wagon 1 on wagon 2.

Answer

Total mass, m = mass of engine + mass of wagons

Or, m=8000+5×2000=18000𝑚=8000+5×2000=18000 kg.
(a) The net accelerating force, F = Engine force - Frictional force
Or, F = 40000 - 5000 = 35000 N
(b) The acceleration of the train
a=Fm=3500018000=1.94𝑎=𝐹𝑚=3500018000=1.94 m/s2
(c) The force of wagon 1 on wagon 2
Assuming Frictional Force on all the wagons and engine
Frictional resistance of 4 wagons
= 5000×(2000×4)18000=2222.22N5000×(2000×4)18000=2222.22𝑁
Accelerating force on 4 wagons =2000×4×1.944=15552N2000×4×1.944=15552𝑁
Hence total force exertred by wagon on wagon 2= Accelerating force +Frictional resistance
=2222.22+15552=17774.22N=2222.22+15552=17774.22𝑁
Assumining frictional force on engine only
Accelerating force on 4 wagons =2000×4×1.944=15552N2000×4×1.944=15552𝑁

Question 20.
A bullet of 10 g strikes a sand bag at a speed of 103 m/s and gets
embedded after travelling 5 cm. Calculate
(i) the resistive force exerted by the sand on the bullet.
(ii) the time taken by the bullet to come to rest.

Answer

i. u=103 m/s ,v=0 ,s=5 cm= .05 m ,a=?

v2=u2+2as𝑣2=𝑢2+2𝑎𝑠
a=- 107 m/s
Resistive force on bullet = .001×107=105N.001×107=105𝑁
ii. v=u+at𝑣=𝑢+𝑎𝑡
t=104s

Question 21.
Two objects A and B, having mass 100 kg and 75 kg, moving with
velocity 40 km/hr and 6 km/hr respectively. Answer the following:
a.Which will have greater inertia?
b.Which will have greater momentum?
c.Which will stop first if equal negative acceleration is applied on
both?
d.Which will travel greater distance?
e.Which will impart greater impulse if collides with a wall?

Answer
Ma=100𝑀𝑎=100 kg, Mb=75𝑀𝑏=75 kg , va=40km
/hr𝑣𝑎=40𝑘𝑚/ℎ𝑟, vb=6km/hr𝑣𝑏=6𝑘𝑚/ℎ𝑟
a. Now Ma>Mb𝑀𝑎>𝑀𝑏, So Object A has more inertia
b. pa=Mava=4000kgkm/hr𝑝𝑎=𝑀𝑎𝑣𝑎=4000𝑘𝑔𝑘𝑚/ℎ𝑟, pb=Mbvb=450kgkm/
hr𝑝𝑏=𝑀𝑏𝑣𝑏=450𝑘𝑔𝑘𝑚/ℎ𝑟
Clearly pa>pb𝑝𝑎>𝑝𝑏
c. Since velocity of object B is less then velocity of object A, Object B will stops first if equal
negative acceleration is applied on both
d. Object A
e. Object A

Question 22
A car start from rest and acquire a velocity of 54 km/h in 2 sec. Find
(i) the acceleration
(ii) distance travelled by car assume motion of car is uniform
(iii) If the mass of the car is 1000 Kg,what is the force acting on it?

Answer

Given u=0 ,v= 54 km/hr= 15 m/s , t=2 sec a. Acceleration is given by

a=Δvt𝑎=Δ𝑣𝑡
So, a=7.5 m/s2

b. Distance is given by
s=ut+12at2𝑠=𝑢𝑡+12𝑎𝑡2
s= 15 m

c. Force is given by F=ma=1000×7.5=7500𝐹=𝑚𝑎=1000×7.5=7500 N

Question 23
Velocity versus time graph of a ball of mass 100 g rolling on a concrete
floor is shown below. Calculate the acceleration and the frictional
force of the floor on the ball?
Answer

From the graph ,we can see that

Δv=−80m/sΔ𝑣=−80𝑚/𝑠, t=8 sec
Now
a=Δvt=−10m/s2𝑎=Δ𝑣𝑡=−10𝑚/𝑠2
Frictional force will be given as
F=ma=.1×−10=−1N𝐹=𝑚𝑎=.1×−10=−1𝑁

Question 24.
A bullet of mass 10 g moving with a velocity of 400 m/s gets embedded
in a freely suspended wooden block of mass 900 g. what is the velocity
acquired by the block?

Answer

By using law of conservation of momentum

m1u1=(m1+m2)v𝑚1𝑢1=(𝑚1+𝑚2)𝑣
.01×400=.91v.01×400=.91𝑣
v=4.39 m/s

Question 25.
A man weighing 60 kg runs along the rails with a velocity of 18 km/h
and jumps into a car of mass 1 quintal (100 kg) standing on the rails.
Calculate the velocity with which car will start travelling along the
rails.

Answer

Here m= 60 kg ,u1= 18 km/hr = 5 m/s , M=100 kg ,u2=0

Let v be the velocity with car start travelling
Now
mu1+Mu2=(M+m)v𝑚𝑢1+𝑀𝑢2=(𝑀+𝑚)𝑣
60×5=160v60×5=160𝑣
v= 1.875 m/s

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