Math 9 Quarter 1 Reviewer

To write the equation in standard form,

Week #1
expand the product and make one side of
Illustrating Quadratic Equation the equation zero.

Answer: 𝑥2 +2 𝑥+1=0
What is a Quadratic Equation?
Write the Quadratic Equation in Standard
● A Quadratic Equation in one
Form (x−3)(2 x+ 4)
variable is a mathematical
sentence of degree 2 that can be To write the equation in standard form,
written in Standard Form. expand the product and make one side of
the equation zero.
Standard Form:

2 Answer: 2 x 2 −2 x − 12
a x +bx +c=0
Remember: When the Quadratic Term is
Where:
negative, multiply the Equation by −1.
a , b and c are ( ℜ ) real numbers and a ≠ 0
Solves Quadratic Equations by (a)
a x is the Quadratic Term
2
● Extracting Square Roots; (b)
● bx is the Linear Term
Factoring; (c) Completing the
● c is the Constant Term
Square; (d) Quadratic Formula
Examples:

Write a Quadratic Equation where Extracting Square Roots:

a=2 , b=5 , c=3 Steps to Extract Square Roots:

To write the equation, substitute the

1. Identify the Perfect Squares:
given values of a, b and c in the standard
Determine if there are any perfect
form of quadratic equation.
squares in the given number.
Factorize the number into its
Answer: 2 x 2+5 x +3=0
prime factors.
Write the Quadratic Equation in Standard 2. Pair Up the Factors: Group the
factors in pairs, with one factor
Form 3 x (x+ 2)=−3
from each pair. If there's an
unpaired factor, leave it outside
the square root.
 3. Apply the Square Root: Write the 3. Apply the Zero Product Property
square root of each paired factor
outside the square root. If there's Examples:
an unpaired factor, write it inside
the square root. Greatest Common Factor

Examples: 2
x + 4=0

Find the value of x 2=4 x (x +4)=0

√❑ x=0 x +4=0

x=± 2 x=0 x=−4

Find the value of x 2=48 Sum And Difference Of Two Squares

√❑ 2
x −9=0

√❑ (x +3)(x−3)=0

√❑ x +3=0 x−3=0

x=± 2 √ ❑ x=−3 x=3

Factoring Quadratic Equations:

General Trinomial
If p and q are algebraic expressions, then
2
pq=0 if and only if pq=0. This theorem x −5−14=0

states that if a x 2 +bx +c=0 it can be (x−7)(x +2)=0

written as a product of two first-degree
x−7=0 x+ 2=0
polynomials, then the solutions can be

found by setting each factor equal to zero. x=7 x=−2

The following procedures can be followed Completing the Square:

to solve quadratic equations by Factoring: In the following perfect square trinomial,

the constant term is missing:

1. Transform the quadratic equations
in standard form
x 2+14 x +¿ ¿
2. Factor each expression
Find the constant term by squaring half √❑
the coefficient of the linear term.
(x +4 )=± 6
¿
5. Set up two different possibilities to
2
2 x +14 x + 49 solve.

Solve the following equation by x +4=−6 x + 4=6

Completing the Square:
x=−2 x=10
2
x + 8 x−20=0 Applying Quadratic Formula:

1. Move the Quadratic Term and Used to solve any kind of quadratic

Linear Term to the left of the equation:

equation.
−b ± √❑
x=
❑
2
x + 8 x=20
Where a ≠ 0 and b 2−4 ac ≥ 0
2. Find the term that completes the

square on the left side of the The equation must be in Standard Form.

equation. Add that term to both 2

a x +bx +c=0
sides.
It will be very helpful in listing down the
2 value of a , b , and c .
x + 8 x+16=20+16
Example:
3. Factor the Perfect Square
2
Trinomial on the left side of the 2 x +3 x=27

equation. Simplify the right side of 1. Write the following in Standard

Form and identify the value of a , b ,
the equation.
and c .
2
x + 8 x+16=36 2
2 x +3 x−27=0

¿ a=2

4. Take the Square Root of each side. b=3

c=−27 The Quadratic Formula allows you to

2. Substitute the value of a , b , and c solve any Quadratic Equation, even if you

in the Quadratic Formula. cannot factor it.

−b ± √❑ An important piece of the Quadratic

x=
❑ Formula is what's under the radical:

−(3)± √ ❑
x= 2
b −4 ac
❑

−3 ± √ ❑ This piece is called the discriminant.

x=
❑
Why is the discriminant important?
3. Set up two different possibilities to
solve. The discriminant tells you the number

and types of roots you will get.

−3+ √ ❑
x=
❑ The discriminant can be +,−, or 0

−3+15 −3−15
x= x= Examples:
4 4

−3+15 −3−15 1. x 2−4 x+ 4=0

x= x=
4 4
D=¿
12 −18
x= x=
4 4 D=16−16

−9 −9 D=0
x=3 x= ∨x=
2 2
2. x 2+ 7 x+10=0

D=¿
Week #2
D=49−40
Finding the Discriminant
D=9
Why use the Quadratic Formula?
3. x 2+ 2 x +15=0
D=¿ 1. x 2+ 4 x +3=0

D=4−60 −4
Sum of the Roots: ∨−4
1
D=−56
3
Product of the Roots: ∨3
1
The Nature of the Roots of a

Quadratic Equation 2. 6 x 2+ 12 x−18=0

Natures of Roots: −12

Sum of the Roots: ∨−2
6
● Greater than Zero, Perfect Square
● Greater than Zero, not a Perfect −18
Square Product of the Roots: ∨−3
6
● Equal to Zero
● Less than Zero 3. 3 x 2−10 x−8=0

Examples: 10
1. 81 Sum of the Roots:
3
Greater than Zero, Perfect Square
2. −4 −8
Less than Zero Product of the Roots:
3
3. 15
Greater than Zero, Not a Perfect Square
4. 121
Week #3
Greater than Zero, Perfect Square
Problem Solving Involving
5. 0
Less than Zero Quadratic Equations

The Sum and the Product of Roots The concept of a Quadratic Equation is
of Quadratic Equations illustrated in many real-life situations.

Problems that arise from these situations,

Formula:
such as those involving area, work,
−b
● Sum of the Roots - profits, and many others, can be solved
a
c by applying the different mathematics
● Product of the Roots -
a
concepts and principles previously
Examples:
studied including quadratic equations and l=10
the different ways of solving them.
Answer: l=10 , w=5

Example:
Week #4
The area of a rectangle is 50 m , and the
2

Rational Equations Transformable

length of the rectangle is 5 m less than 3
into Quadratic Equation
times the width. Find the dimensions of

the rectangle. Steps in Transforming Rational Algebraic

Equations into Quadratic Equations:

Area Formula: Length x Width

1. Find the LCD.

A ¿ 50 m2
2. Perform the indicated operations.
3. Write in standard form.
l ¿ 3 w−5
Examples:
w=w
2
2x 5 x
1. + =10
50=(3 w−5)(w) 5 4

2
2
50=3 w −5 w 4 (2 x ) 5(5 x) 20(10)
+ =
20 20 20
2
3 w −5 w−50=0
2
8 x +25 x=200
(3 w+ 10)(w−5)=0 20

2
3 w+ 10=0 w−5=0 2t 3 t
2. − =7
3 2
−10
w= w=5 2
2(2 t ) 3(3 t ) 6 (7)
3 − =
6 6 6
Since the width cannot be negative, we
2
4 t −9 t=42
−10
will disregard . 6
3

l=3 w−5 Week #5

Quadratic Inequalities
l=15−5
A Quadratic Inequality is an equation of
second degree that uses an inequality 4. Graph in Number Line
sign instead of an equal sign.

Identify whether the given equation is a

quadratic inequality or not:
5. Select Testing Points
1. x + 6 x+16=0
2

2. 2 x> 4 Testing Points: -5 , 0 ,5

3. x 2−7 x >12
4. x 2+ 4 x ≤ 0 (−5−4)(−5+3)≥ 0
(−9)(−2)≥ 0
Answers: 18 ≥ 0TRUE

1. No (0−4 )(0+3)≥ 0
2. No −12 ≥0 FALSE
3. Yes
4. Yes (5−4)(5+ 3)≥ 0
(1)(15)≥ 0
¿ ,>¿ - Hollow Dot 15 ≥ 0TRUE
≤ , ≥ - Solid Dot
Answer:
Solving Quadratic Inequalities x ≤−3∨x ≥ 4

Week #6-7
Example:
2
Quadratic Functions
x −x ≥ 12

1. Set in Standard Form

a x +bx +c=0 where a , b and c are ( ℜ )
2
2
x −x−12 ≥ 0
real numbers and a ≠ 0

2. Factor the Inequality 2 2

y=a x +bx +c ∨f (x )=a x +bx +c
(x−4)(x +3)≥ 0

3. Apply Zero Product Property Identify whether or not the following are
x−4=0 x+3=0 quadratic functions or not:
x=4 x=−3
 1. y=2 x 2 +4
2. y=3 x +72 1. Group the terms containing x
3. y=x +14 x +49
2 3 2
y=(x + 6 x)+5
4. f ( x)=x2 + 4+16
2. Factor out a. If a=1 then proceed
Answers: to step 3.
1. Yes
2. No 3. Complete the expression in the
3. No parenthesis to make it a perfect
4. Yes square trinomial by adding and by
subtracting a ¿ to the constant
Finding the Table of Values
2
y=(x + 6 x+ 9)+5−9

To get the y values, substitute using the x 4. Simplify

values in the equation
Examples: y=¿

1. 3 x 2+1 Answer: y=¿

−b
x -3 -2 -1 0 -1 -2 -3 Finding the value of h:
2a
y 28 13 4 1 4 13 28
2
4 ac−b
Finding the value of k:
2a
2. 4 x 2−2

Substitute the solved value of h and k in

x -3 -2 -1 0 -1 -2 -3 y=a ¿
y 34 14 2 -2 2 14 34
Graphs a Quadratic Function: (a)

Domain; (b) Range; (c) Intercepts;

Transforming the Quadratic Functions
Defined By y=a x2 +bx +c into the Vertex (d) Axis of Symmetry; (e) Vertex; (f)
Form y=a ¿
Direction of the Opening of the

Parabola; (g) x-intercept and y-

Example:
intercept
2
y=x +6 x +5
Steps in Graphing Quadratic Functions:
 1. Get the value of h and k or the
vertex form.
2. Construct the table of values.
3. Substitute the value of x to the
given to get the y.
4. Graph the table of values in the
cartesian coordinate plane.
5. Determine the domain, range,
opening of the parabola, vertex,
axis of symmetry, and the x and y- Domain: All Real Numbers
intercept.
Range: a> 0 , { y / y ≥ k }

Opening of Parabola: Upward

● Domain: set of all real numbers Vertex: (2 , 0)

●
Range: if a > 0, {y/y k}, if a < 0 {y/y k}
Axis of Symmetry: x=2
● Opening of Parabola: a is +
upward, a is - downward X-intercept: (2 , 0)
● Vertex: value of h and k
● Axis of Symmetry: vertical line x =
Y-intercept: (0 , 4 )
h and also divides the parabola
into two equal parts.
● X-intercept: to get the x-intercept Week #8-9
set y is equal to zero
● Y-intercept: to get the y-intercept Analyzes the effects of changing the
set x is equal to zero
values of a , h and k in the equation
Example:
of y=a ¿ a quadratic function on its
2
y=x −4 x +4 graph
Effects in changing the value of a
y=¿

Solve for the vertex and make a table of

x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 values then graph:

y 25 16 9 4 1 0 1 1. y=x 2
2. y=2 x 2
1 2
3. y= x
2
 4. y=− x2 Effect of Changing the Value of k

Answer: 1. y=x 2
2. y=x 2−3
3. y=x 2 +3

Answer:

Effect of Changing the Value of h

1. y=x 2
2. y=¿
3. y=¿ Determining the equation of a
quadratic function given: (a) Table
Answer: of Values; (b) Graph; (c) Zeros

Table of Values

x -3 -2 -1 0 -1 -2 -3

y 28 13 4 1 4 13 28

Steps:
1. Make 3 equations using the
quadratic function in the form of
a x +bx +c=0 where a , b and c are
2

to be determined. Consider 3
ordered pairs (x , y ) from the table
of values.
 2. Subtract equation 1 to equation 2
to make equation 4 4. Find Equation 4:
3. Subtract equation 3 to equation 2 4−13=(a−b+c )−(4 a−2 b+ c)
to solve for the value of 5 −9=−3 a−b
4. Subtract equation 4 to equation 5
to solve for the value of a 5. Find Equation 5:
5. Solve for b , by substituting the 1−4=(c)−(a−b+ c)
solve value of a to equation 4 or 5 −3=−a+b
6. Solve for c , by substitution the
solve value of a and b in equations 6. Find a :
1, 2, or 3 −3+ 9=(−a+b)−(−3 a−b)
7. List the solve value of a , b and c 6=2 a
then substitute to the equation a=3
2
y=a x +bx +c 7. Find b :
−3=−3+b
x -3 -2 -1 0 -1 -2 -3 b=0
8. Find c:
y 28 13 4 1 4 13 28 c=1

Sure, let's go through the process step by Answer:

step. 2
3 x +1

Let's use the three ordered pairs (-1, 4), Converting Graph to Quadratic Function
(0, 1), and (1, 4) from the table of values to
form three equations. Example:

1. Substitute (-2, 13): Vertex: (1 ,−3)

13=a ¿ Point:(3 , 1)
13=4 a− 2 b+c
Formula: y=a ¿
2. Substitute (-1, 4):
4=a ¿ 1. Substitution:
4=a −b+ c 1=a ¿

3. Substitute (0, 1): 2. Solving (FOIL)

1=a ¿ 1=a(3−1)(3−1)−3
1=c 1=a(9−3−3+ 1)−3
3. Combine similar terms
1=4 a−3

4. Transpose
1+3=4 a
4=4 a

5. Remove the value of a

a=1

6. Substitute
2
y=(x−1 ¿ −3)

Finding Equation of Quadratic Function

using Zeros

Example:
x=4 , x=2
f (x)=(x−r 1)(x−r 2)
f (x)=(x−4)( x−2)
2
¿ x −2 x−4 x +8
2
f ( x)=x −6 x+ 8