1(ai)

• Can share files/data

• Can share applications/software

1(aii) A description such as:

• A LAN covers a small (geographic) area / a WAN covers a large

(geographic) area.

1(aiii) B) 17 080 000

1(aiv) The delay/amount of time between data/signal being sent and it

Being received.

1b) • IP (address)

1(bii) A) Data being sent

1c) • Monitors/checks traffic

• using a set of rules / list of authorized /unauthorised computers/addresses/protocols.

1d) • POP3

1e) • All communication could fail because/if the central device fails.
2a) • To represent an instruction/command

2(aii) Assembly language

2(aiii) • Each line of code is one instruction only.

2(aiv) Interpreter

2b) 1. Data

2. Instructions

2c) A laser heats/burns (areas of a disk), which creates lands/pits.

2cii) Solid state / flash

Accept ‘SSD’ for solid state

2d) • Low cost per unit

• Smaller in size

2e) A) Reduces data transfer times

C) Reduces required storage space

2f) • Weak design

• Insufficient testing

2g) • Control the amount of resources/storage each user can access so the limited storage on the
machine can be shared
3a) nibble 1: 0011

Nibble 2: 1001

3aii) 2D

3aiii) • Flip all the bits and add one.

3aiv) • There are not enough bits to store the result.

3b) Lossy

3c) • A standard

• For representing text/characters

3d) • The density of pixels is higher

3dii) • 15 in numerator

• 1028 x 640 in numerator

• 1024×1024 in denominator

• 8 in denominator

4a) • It helps minimize disruption following a system failure because data can be restored.

4b) • How long it will be stored.

• That the data will be stored securely.

4c)
Causes of algorithmic bias

• Machine learning having been trained using insufficient/inappropriate data

• Human bias leading to discrimination and a lack of fairness

Impacts on individuals and communities of algorithmic bias

• Deploying officers to the wrong areas

• Discrimination/equality (e.g. resourcing police more heavily in particular communities)

Methods available to reduce the risk of algorithmic bias

• Open to scrutiny / transparent

• Involvement of communities during development

5a) • List

5aii) Yellow

5aiii) Abstraction

5aiv) Decomposition

5b) If the value (of ‘the Target’) is exceeded without reaching the end of the array the algorithm will end

5c)
5d) • Both start and stop terminators present and algorithm terminates correctly to the stop terminator

• Two separate inputs for two integers [can be in the same input symbol]

• Test for equivalence, greater than or less than in one decision box

• Different test (for equivalence, greater than, or less than) in separate decision box

• Two outputs, labelled Yes and No, for each decision box

• Logic of flowchart links to three logically valid outputs

IMPOTANT NOTE: I CAN’T DRAW CHART HERE

PAPER 2:

1) • New line added to create integer and setting it to 0

• Use of input (<prompt>) to display a prompt

• Allow input (“”) Conversion of string input to integer using int.

•Use of correct variable and relational operator for lower bound

•Use of correct variable and relational operator for upper bound

•Use of AND to join the range

•Use of addition to convert to decimal code

•Use of assignment to set value of decimal Code

•String concatenation used to join parts of string output

•Invalid input message displayed is fit for purpose

2) Any comment with the word “string” in it near the turtle. mode call

Name error – correct spelling of constant HEIGHT

Attribute error – Requires a capital letter <turtle>.Turtle ()

Type error – Remove argument to <turtle>. Pendown ()

Logic error – Move vertical grid line back to origin

Logic error – Correct length of vertical grid line

Logic error – Correct heading for starting point of square

Control pen size with a constant

Set the pen colour to “gold”

Hide the turtle

3) •Import the math library

•Initialize ‘circleArea’ to a real number

•Correct translation of diameter calculation and assignment to ‘diameter’

• Use of relational operator and two correct variables to construct a test for invalid

• (circleArea > squareArea)

• Calculation of the area of the square

• Correct translation of exponentiation (**2) for circle area, even if remainder of formula is incorrect

• Subtraction used to calculate the positive difference between the area of the square and the area of
the circle.

• Use of relational operator and two correct variables to construct a test for invalid input

• Functionality

i) Functionality (when the code is run) •

The component parts of the program are incorrect or

Incomplete, providing a program of limited functionality that meets some of the given requirements. •
Program outputs are of limited accuracy and/or provide limited information• Program responds
predictably to some of the anticipated input• Solution is not robust and may crash on anticipated or
provided input.

ii) Functionality (when the code is run)

• The component parts of the program are complete, providing a functional program that meets most of
the stated requirements• Program outputs are mostly accurate and informative• Program responds
predictably to most of the anticipated input• Solution may not be robust within the constraints of the
problem.

Functionality (when the code is run)

• The component parts of the program are complete, providing a functional program that fully meets
the given requirements. • Program outputs are accurate, informative, and suitable for the user•
Program responds predictably to anticipate input• Solution is robust within the constraints of the
problem.
4) •Initialization of variables before calculations inside the subprogram, all Together multiplier, total,
digit, value.

•Iteration (for loop) placed at highest level inside subprogram, after initialization of local variables

•Digit must be the first of the sequence

•Value

•Total

•Multiplier

•Return statement is last line in subprogram

•User input accepted as first operation in main program

•Repetition (while loop) after any input

•Call to ‘binary Loop’ subprogram inside repetition (while loop)

•Output of result follows call to subprogram

•User input accepted as last operation in main program, inside loop

•Functions for any sequence of 1s and 0s and exits on empty string

•Adherence to accurate indentation