Important instructions:
font: times new roman
size: 14
)title size: 14 (bold
color: black …………no background color
)فى نهاية كل براجراف رقم مشيرا للمرجع بالترتيب كما هو موجود بالمثال(
اضافة الصور لعدد المحاور و بعد التعريف و فى المقارنات و فى االنواع و فى
المكونات
بعد براجراف التعريف صورة للمكنة و صورة للمنتجات بتاعة المكنة
fig 1.1ترتيب الصور
Machine Name
A computer numerical control (CNC) milling machine is a mill that uses computer
code to understand where to make cuts [10].
Fig 1.4 vertical CNC milling machine
Table 1-2 CNC and Conventional Lathe Machines
CNC Lathe Machines Conventional lathe Machines
Precision: Offer high precision, often achieving Rely on the skill of the operator,
tolerances of ±0.01 mm or less, which can lead to variations in
thanks to digital control. precision.
Efficiency: Can operate automatically for Require an operator for ongoing
extended periods without human tasks, leading to potential downtime
intervention, increasing productivity. and increased labor costs.
They can run for long hours without
the need for monitoring.
Repeatability Can produce identical parts May experience slight differences
: repeatedly with high accuracy, between produced parts due to
making them ideal for mass manual adjustments.
production.
Automated The movements are preprogrammed Typically require manual input for
Control: using G-code, minimizing human adjustments, increasing the
error and allowing for complex likelihood of mistakes.
operations.
Productivity: Capable of performing multiple Often require manual setup and
operations without the need for tooling changes, which can slow
manual tool changes, contributing to down production
higher productivity.
Figure
Types Of CNC Milling Machine.
a) Vertical CNC Milling Machine
Structure: The spindle is oriented vertically, allowing for workpieces to be
positioned horizontally or at various angles.
Uses: Primarily used for die sinking, mold making, and precision cutting.
Features: Can handle most types of milling jobs, from face milling to
surface finishing [10].
Fig 1.4 vertical CNC milling machine
b) Horizontal CNC Milling Machine
Structure: The spindle is placed horizontally, allowing the cutters to remove material
more efficiently on the side.
Uses: Ideal for cutting grooves, slots, and other complex shapes in large workpieces.
Features: Excellent for heavy-duty or high-volume work [10].
Fig 1.5 Horizontal CNC machine
Number of Axes in CNC Lathe Machines
CNC lathe machines are used in various applications and are typically available in
the following configurations:
2 Axes (X and Z): This is the basic configuration used for simple turning
operations.
3 Axes (X, Y, Z): Adds a third axis (Y) for more complex operations,
allowing for side cutting.
4 Axes: Introduces a rotational axis (Axis A), enabling work on more
complex shapes.
5 Axes: Allows for advanced machining capabilities with two additional
rotational axes [10].
Fig 1.6 lathe CNC machine
Components of a CNC Drilling Machine
a) Frame:
The frame serves as the primary structure that supports all the machine
components. It is designed to provide stability and reduce vibrations during
operation, which is crucial for maintaining precision.
Fig 1.1 The Vital Parts of a CNC Milling Machine.
Advantages of Grinders CNC Machining
Grinders can achieve very tight tolerances
Grinders can create very intricate designs
Grinders are very versatile machines- they can be used for a variety of
different materials
Grinders are relatively fast machines
Grinders require very little setup time
Operators of grinders do not need to have a lot of experience or training
Disadvantages of Grinders CNC Machining
Grinders produce a lot of noise
Grinders produce a lot of dust and debris
Grinders are expensive machines
Grinders require regular maintenance
Operators of grinders need to wear personal protective equipment (PPE)
such as earplugs, safety glasses, and respirators
Workpieces that are being machined on grinders need to be securely
clamped down so that they do not become dislodged during the machining
process
Types of materials can be cut using a CNC laser cutting machine
additional information
referances:
1. James Madison, CNC Machining Handbook, Industrial Press, 1996
كتابة المرجع (اسم المؤلف ثم اسم الكتاب ثم دار النشر ثم تاريخ االصدار)
كتابة الموقع ك مرجع (االسم الكاتب ثم اسم المقالة ثم اسم المؤسسه ثم التاريخ ثم
لينك الموقع)
