Stone crusher-
It is a machine designed to reduce large rocks into smaller rocks, gravels or rock
dust.
Crusher may be used to reduce size, or change in Form of waste material so they
can' more easily disposed or recycled or to reduced the size of Solid mix of raw
material.
These are commonly used in construction work, railway track work, rail water
conservation, chemical industries, mine, and melting.
1)Jaw Crusher-
This type of crusher have two jaws; one jaw is stationary and other
jaw is moving so as to crush stones. Jaw crusher produces coarse particles.
compressive Strength of jaw crusher Varies From 300-350 MPa.
Rotation per minute of jaw crusher is between 100-350rpm.
"The cavity between two jaws called the crushing Chamber.
The outer frame is generally made of Cast iron or [Link] jaws themselves usually
construted From cast Steel. Feed size of jaw crusher is 1500 to 400mm and product
size 50 to 5mm.
working Principle-
Jaw crusher reduces large size rocks by placing rock into compression. A Fixed jaw,
mounted in a 'V' alignment is stationary breaking surface, while movable jaw exerts
force on rock by forcing it against Stationary Plate.
The spaced at bottom of 'V' aligned jaw Plate is crusher product size gap.
The rock remains in jaw crusher. The rock remains in jaw until it is Small enough
to pass through gap at bottom of jaws.
capacity of jaw crusher is 350 to 400 crushing strokes per minute which gives final
product of size 50mm or less.
Application - Heavy duty mining, cement industry, Pop Plant, ceramic Plant, Mines
and minerals Plant, other where size reduction require.
2)Gyratory crusher-
The gyratory crusher have circular jaws between which material being crushed some
point all the time. RPM of Gyratory crusher is 125-425 gyration per minute.
These gives a continuous discharge because some part of crushing bead working all
time
Produces upto 4500 ton per hour of material being crushed.
The Coning crushing head gyrates inside Funnel shaped casing open at top.
• Crushing head is carried on heavy Shaft Pivoted at top of machine.
• The load on motor is nearly uniform, less maintenance is required than with jaw
Crusher.
• Power required per ton of material is smaller.
working principle-
At any point on periphery of casing, the bottom of crushing head moves toward and
then away from stationary wall.
solid caught in V-shaped Space between head and casing are broken until they pass
out bottom.
Crushing head is free to rotate on Shaft & turns slowly because of Friction with
material being crushed.
Capacity-
varies with jaw setting, impact Strength of feed, speed of gyration of machine.
varies from 3000 t/h to 4000t/h.
Application-
coconut mill plants
Salt plants
Mines and minerals
Agro based industries
3)Impact crusher-
These reduce Force the particles applied through by impact sharp blows of fixed or
free swinging hammers revolving about central rotor at high speed to free falling
particles against Stationary surface.
They used for relatively soft, friable and sticky ores. Such as phosphates,
limestone, clay, graphite and coal.
The impact crusher is widely used as primary or secondary crushing.
During operation, rotor in high speed brought along by motor and material will be
stricken by the Flat hammer to be crushed.
4)Hammer mill/crusher-
These are extensively used for crushing of limestone.
It consist of rotor & 3-5 hammer attracted at periphery of rotor.
The quick and rapid impact of hammer successively crushes the Stones.
working & capacity
The principle of hammer crusher is based on impact and shearing. Forces generated
by rapidly rotating hammer which strikes on material.
The material is crushed by the Impact force generated by hammer Finess of crushed
stone increased increasing speed of hammer.
Capacity approximately 200kg/hr.
3.4.5 cone crusher-
These are generally used as secondary crusher.
It is more capable of amount of evenly and Fine Crushed rock.
The conical head made of magnese Steel and mounted on shaft.
The gyrating head has tendency to rotate in direction of rotation of eccentric when
crusher not under load.
These are efficient for secondary tertiary and quanternary rock crushing.
It has less cone height byt higher speed about 430 to 583 RPM.
6)Roll crusher -
• Roll crusher consist of two hard steel
Ball which mount on horizontal shaft. • Note that each roll is independently driven
by V-bolt / Flat belt drive.
• The diameter of roll a maximum size of materials to be fed.
when additional reduction in size of Stone is require the roll crusher to commonly
used after primary crushing done.
Aritificial sand-
process :- Equipments Feeder-conveyor-Jaw or Primary crush-screening-Hopper
secondary/cone crushing screen →Hopper - Roll crush / tertiary crushing- screen
Hopper.
Process of production of M-sand-
1)The raw material is procured which typically include rocks, quarry stones or
larger aggregate.
2)The raw material are fed into the vibrating Feeder and delivered to jaw crusher
for primary crushing. The jaw crusher breaks material into smaller size suit for
further processing
3)The crushed material From jaw crusher are then conveyed to impact crusher For
further crushing.
4) After material crushed & Shaped, they are transferred to Sand making machine.
5)The produced artificial sand is then Screened to separate desired size [Link]
vibrating screen used for this purpose.
6)Sand wash to ensure cleanliness of artificial Sand. The sand wash machine removes
any impurities from Sand such as dust, clay, etc.
7)The Produced artificial sand is then conveyed by means of belt conveyor to
different storage area.
8)This whole process is controlled by centralized electric control Plant.
